Java.PHP.VB Tutorial

Calling web service using ASP.NET

2012-07-05T23:13:00.001-07:00

Introduction

Web Services signal a new age of trivial distributed application development. While Web Services are not intended nor do they have the power to solve every distributed application problem, they are an easy way to create and consume services over the Internet. One of the design goals for Web Services is to allow companies and developers to share services with other companies in a simple way over the Internet.

Web services take Web applications to the next level.

Using Web services your application can publish its function or message to the rest of the world.

Web services use XML to code and decode your data and SOAP to transport it using open protocols.

With Web services your accounting departments Win 2k servers billing system can connect with your IT suppliers UNIX server.

Using Web services you can exchange data between different applications and different platforms.

With Microsoft .Net platform it is a simple task to create and consume Web Services. In this article am going to show how to call a published web services inside a web project.

I use a test published web services; Extentrix Web Services 2.0 Application Edition (http://www.extentrix.com/webservices/2.0.0/ExtentrixWebServicesForCPS.asmx) that Extentrix published for the developer community to help them in testing and developing.

So I’ll explain simply the functions of this web services APIs. In general Extentrix Web Services for Citrix Presentation Server helps you get information about a published application for a specific client with the specified details, server types, and client types. It also returns the ICAfile description to be used to launch an application with a given parameter and checks the user's credentials and returns true if they are valid.

For more information, visit http://www.extentrix.com/Web%20Services/Index.htm

You can find more samples, use this web services, and test it onhttp://www.extentrix.com/Web%20Services/Test%20Drive.htm?id=6

Background

Knowledge in ASP.NET is preferred

Using the code

Simple Steps to consume web service:

Create Web Site project
Add web Reference
Call the web services APIs inside the code

First Step: Create Web Site project

1. To create new Web Site project, choose New from File menu, then choose Web Site as shown below.

2. Choose ASP.NET Web Site. Name the project and click OK

Second Step: Add web Reference

After creating the Web Site project, it’s time to add a web reference for our web service.

1. In the solution explorer, right click the project node, choose Add Web Reference

2. A new window with Add Web Reference title will be opened.

In the URL field, insert the URL for the web service. In this tutorial as I mentioned before I’ll use the test published web services form Extentrix. “Extentrix Web Services 2.0 – Application Edition”

http://www.extentrix.com/webservices/2.0.0/ExtentrixWebServicesForCPS.asmx

After clicking the Go button you will see the web services APIs.

3. Set a name for your web service reference in the web reference name field and click Add Reference

Third Step: Call the web services APIs inside the code

After a successful adding to the web service, now we are ready to call the web services APIs inside our project.

1. First we need to add the added web reference to our class.

“ExtentrixWS” is the name of the added web service from the previous step.

 using ExtentrixWS;

2. Create a proxy object for our added web service reference, where the ExtentrixWebServicesForCPS is the name of the Web Services

      //define a web service proxy object.
    private ExtentrixWS.ExtentrixWebServicesForCPS proxy;

3. As I explained before we need credentials to pass to Citrix Presentation Server, we will pass these credentials through the web services APIs

     //define a Citrix Presentation Server Credentials object
      private Credentials credentials;

Initialize the proxy and the credentials objects

    //intialaize objects
     proxy = new ExtentrixWebServicesForCPS();
     credentials = new Credentials();

4. Set the values for Citrix credentials. I set the credentials values for the test of Extentrix Web Service.

//set credentials
//these values are according to Citrix testdrive presentation server
//for which Extentrix published a web service for delovepers to use it
//as a test web service.
      credentials.Password = "demo";
      credentials.UserName = "citrixdesktop";
      credentials.Domain = "testdrive";
    
   
//because it is a sample,we will use no encryption method.
//so the password will be sent as a clear text.
      credentials.PasswordEncryptionMethod = 0;

//set the domain type to windows domain
      credentials.DomainType = 0;

Now we can call any web services available as simple as calling any ordinary function.

5. Call the GetApplicationsByCredentialsEx web service. This web service takes the following parameters:

Credentials: Citrix Credential to access Citrix Presentation Server Farm.
Client Name: pass your machine name
Client IP: pass your machine IP
Desired Details : what the details you asked for
Server Types: pass “all”
Client Types: pass “all”

Am not going to explain Extentrix web services APIs, if you are interested you can go tohttp://www.extentrix.com/Web%20Services/Index.htm and look for it.

This API returns an array of ApplicationItemEx, this class will be built for you once you add the web reference.

This class contains the published application properties. I used this web service to get all the published applications, and then I created an ImageButton for each application.

         // 1) Get all the published applications list by calling GetApplicationsByCredentialsEx web service.
         // 2) create an ImageButton for each application
         // 3) Create Image for the application
         // 4) Add it to the AppList panel.
         // 5) Set the event handler for each ImageButton, so when clicking it the associated application will run
    

       
         //calling the web service
          ApplicationItemEx[] items = proxy.GetApplicationsByCredentialsEx(credentials, Request.UserHostName,
         Request.UserHostAddress, new  string[] { "icon","icon-info"}, new string[]{ "all" },
         new string[] { "all"});
         
    //loop for each published application
    for (int i = 0; i < items.Length; i++) {
           //create the ImageButton
          System.Web.UI.WebControls.ImageButton app = new System.Web.UI.WebControls.ImageButton();


    //set the Image URL to the created image
           app.ImageUrl = createIcon(items[i].InternalName,items[i].Icon);
    
          
    //set the ToolTip to the name of the published application
           app.ToolTip = items[i].InternalName;
    


     //add the ImageButton to the AppList panel
           AppList.Controls.Add(app);
    

           //set the event handler for the ImageButton.
           app.Click += new
    System.Web.UI.ImageClickEventHandler(this.OnApplicationClicked);

            }

Finally another example in calling web service is to launch the published application.

In this example, in the event handler of the applications ImageButtons I launch the clicked application.

I get the ICA file content by calling LaunchApplication web service.

Then I write the ICA file content to the response to launch the application.

    private
        void OnApplicationClicked (object
        sender, System.EventArgs e)
    {     
     ServicePointManager.Expect100Continue = false;
       
        // Get the event source object.     
          System.Web.UI.WebControls.ImageButton app = (System.Web.UI.WebControls.ImageButton)sender;
         
                
        //Get the file ICAfile content by calling LaunchApplication web service.        
        string ica = proxy.LaunchApplication(app.ToolTip, credentials, Request.UserHostName, Request.UserHostAddress);

        
        //Set the response content type to "application/x-ica" to run the file.       
        Response.ContentType = "application/x-ica";
           
        
        //Run the application by writing the file content to the response.
            Response.BinaryWrite(Response.ContentEncoding.GetBytes(ica</place /></city />) );
     Response.End();
    }

SOAP Web Services: Create Once, Consume Everywhere

2012-07-05T23:12:00.001-07:00

Introduction

This tutorial aims to provide a practical introduction to web services given their increased importance in software engineering. In short, web services offer clients the ability to remotely execute certain methods thus eliminating the need for downloading separate API. The communication medium between clients and servers is XML messages that comply with the SOAP protocol. The use of XML allows systems running different operating systems and programming languages to communicate by converting XML requests and responses into their corresponding language equivalents. Fortunately, programming languages like C# (or any .NET language), Java, PHP, etc. support both clients and servers with abstraction layers called proxies that eliminate the need to parse XML SOAP messages. In this tutorial, I'll show you how to create a Web Service in ASP.NET and how to register this service in IIS server 7.0; finally I'll demonstrate the language neutrality of web services by developing three client applications that consume this service in ASP.NET, Java, and PHP.

Creating the ASP.NET Web Service

Launch Visual Studio, and then go to File / New / Web Site...

Choose ASP.NET Web Service as the template and name your project: Server.

Throughout this project, I’ll use C:\Project7 as my default folder.

Go to the Service.cs file and create the four needed methods by replacing:

Collapse | Copy Code

[WebMethod]
public string HelloWorld() {
return "Hello World";

with:

[[WebMethod]
    public int Add(int x, int y)
    {
        return x + y;
    }
    [WebMethod]
    public int Subtract(int x, int y)
    {
        return x - y;
    }
    [WebMethod]
    public int Multiply(int x, int y)
    {
        return x * y;
    }
    [WebMethod]
    public int Division(int x, int y)
    {
        return x / y;
    }

Note that [WebMethod] tag allows the methods to be accessible to external clients. Now replace the code:

[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]

with:

[WebService(Namespace="http://tempuri.org/",
Description="A Simple Web Calculator Service",
Name="CalculatorWebService")]

The Description attribute gives external clients a brief description of the service; the Name attribute lets external clients refer to the service as CalculatorWebService rather than Service.

Installing the Web Service in IIS

This project uses IIS Server 7.0 running on a Windows 7 PC.

Activate IIS server by:

Start Menu / typing IIS in the search bar / Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager

or by: Control Panel / Administrative Tools / Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager

If you couldn’t find IIS, then probably it’s not installed, so consult Appendix A to know how you can activate this program under Windows 7.

Expand the tree Sites, then right click on Default Web Site, and choose Add Virtual Directory.

Enter WebService in the Alias field, and C:\Project7\Server in the Physical path field.

Click on the WebService folder and then switch IIS to Content View in order to see the Service.asmx and theweb.config files.

Since we’ve manually created the Virtual Directory WebService without the help of Visual Studio testing mode, you should right click the WebService folder and choose Convert to Application followed by clicking OK.

Now open your browser and goto http://localhost/WebService/Service.asmx, you should see a screen similar to this:

Note: If you didn’t see this screen, then probably IIS server isn’t configured properly, so consult Appendix B to learn how to configure IIS for the first time.

Testing the Web Service on the Server Side

On the CalculatorWebService page, you could see four links to the Add, Division, Multiply, and Subtractmethods that we’ve implemented in C#; clicking on any of those links will take you to a new page where you could test your methods.

Creating the ASP.NET Web Client

Launch Visual Studio, and then go to File / New / Web Site...

Choose ASP.NET Web Site as the template and name your project Client.

Create an interface of your ASP.NET page similar to this:

Now let’s add our web service as a service reference to our project as follows:

Right Click the Project in the solution explorer / choose Add Service Reference / enterhttp://localhost/WebService/Service.asmx in the address field /click Go to view the imported functions / chooseServiceReference as your namespace / click OK.

Edit your Default.aspx.cs source to add the method GetResult that takes as an input two number strings and an integer function which corresponds to the four basic calculator operations we need.

private string GetResult(string firstNumber, string secondNumber, int function)
    {
        ServiceReference.CalculatorWebServiceSoapClient client = 
            new ServiceReference.CalculatorWebServiceSoapClient();
        int a, b;
        string result = null;

        erra.Text = "";
        errb.Text = "";

        if (!int.TryParse(firstNumber, out a))
        {
            erra.Text = "Must be a valid 32-bit integer!";
            return "";
        }

        if (!int.TryParse(secondNumber, out b))
        {
            errb.Text = "Must be a valid 32-bit integer!";
            return "";
        }

        try
        {
            switch (function)
            {
                case 0:
                    result = firstNumber + " + " + secondNumber + 
   " = " + client.Add(a, b);
                    break;
                case 1:
                    result = firstNumber + " - " + secondNumber + " = "
                    + client.Subtract(a, b);
                    break;
                case 2:
                    result = firstNumber + " * " + secondNumber + " = 
   " + client.Multiply(a, b);
                    break;
                case 3:
                    result = firstNumber + " / " +
                    secondNumber + " = " + client.Division(a, b);
                    break;
            }
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            LabelResult.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Red;
            result = "Cannot Divide by Zero!";
        }
        return result;
    }

Note the statement:

ServiceReference.CalculatorWebServiceSoapClient client = 
            new ServiceReference.CalculatorWebServiceSoapClient();

which allows the client object to access the web service methods. ServiceReference is the namespace of the web service you chose earlier. CalculatorWebServiceSoapClient establishes the SOAP connection with client (i.e. sends requests and receives responses in the form of SOAP XML messages between the proxy server and the proxy client).

Finally, add the Submit Button event handler with the following code to access the GetResult method you created earlier.

protected void btnSubmit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        LabelResult.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Black;
        LabelResult.Text = GetResult(TextBoxFirstNumber.Text,
        TextBoxSecondNumber.Text,
        DropDownList.SelectedIndex);
    }

Installing the Web Client in IIS Server

Now you’re ready to make use of the web service with a small ASP web page that consumes this service.

Create a new Virtual Directory in IIS and choose WebClient as an Alias; and the folder C:\Project7\Client as a Physical Path.

And as you did for the WebService Virtual Directory, right click on the WebClient directory and choose Convert to Application followed by an OK.

Finally go to the browser and type in http://localhost/WebClient/, you should see the figure below:

Testing the Web Service on the ASP.NET Client Side

Now that we’ve successfully installed the client page that makes use of our calculator web service, we still need to validate the client side results.

Installing and Testing the Web Client in a Java 1.6 Class

Regardless of whether we know the programming language that implements the web service or not, we can easily link applications of different platforms. Web services display to their clients standard XML pages called WSDL, which gives them an idea about what functions they implement. For instance, navigating tohttp://localhost/WebService/Service.asmx?wsdl would generate an XML page with special elements. The ability to read through the WSDL document and to locate elements like: type, message, portType, binding, service is very crucial, as it tells client developers about the functions hosted by the service (not a documentation). For more information about WSDL documents, visit www.w3schools.com/wsdl/wsdl_documents.asp.

Fortunately enough for JAVA 1.6 developers, is the existence of the JAVA jax-ws package that generates the proxy classes necessary for communicating with the web server.

First let’s build the java project in C:\Project7\java_proj\webClient.

So, start by creating a new java class called cl.java. (Make sure your current directory isC:\Project7\java_proj\webClient).

Now let’s run the jax-ws utility by typing the following in the command line:

C:\Project7\java_proj\webClient >wsimport -keep -p webPack.serv 
http://localhost/Service.asmx?wsdl

The wsimport command will generate the proxy classes we need, -keep keeps the generated source files, andwebPack.serv is the package containing the proxy classes. You could see by examining the service section of the WSDL file and by browsing through the webPack\serv folders that you have the two main classesCalculatorWebService and CalculatorWebServiceSoap.

Next, let’s edit our cl.java client as follows:

import webPack.serv.*;

public class cl
{
 public static void main(String[] args)
 {
  CalculatorWebService service = new CalculatorWebService ();
CalculatorWebServiceSoap soap = service.getPort(CalculatorWebServiceSoap.class);
  int x = 5,y = 10;
  System.out.println(soap.Add(x,y));
  
 }
}

The getPort method returns the ‘stub’ of the CalculatorWebService class as defined by the web service and lets you access the four calculator methods defined. For instance, the soap.Add(int,int) method actually calls the server to perform the Add function defined there, and then directs the return value to the client.

Testing this class is easy; just compile as follows:

>javac –classpath . cl.java

Then run this program as follows:

> java cl

You’ll get "15" as an output.

Installing and Testing the Web Client in PHP

PHP allows the easy creation and consumption of SOAP based web services through the NuSOAP toolkit. To learn how to download and configure this API toolkit, visit http://sourceforge.net/projects/nusoap/.
First, you need to include the nusoap library so type in your PHP shell:

require_once('nusoap.php');

Then you need to connect to our web service’s WSDL in order to generate the SOAP client, so type in:

$wsdl="http://localhost/WebService/Service.asmx?wsdl";
$client=new soapclient($wsdl, 'wsdl');

Now that the SOAP $client is ready, we could then simply type in:

$param=array(
'x'=>10,
'y'=>5
); 
echo $client->call('add', $param);

And we’ll get ‘15’ as expected.

Actually the way to access web services in PHP/NuSOAP is very similar to that in the .NET Framework.

Appendix A: Activating the IIS server and ASP.NET under Windows 7

In most Windows computers, IIS server and ASP.NET are not installed by default as they’re an optional Windows component; however, the installation process runs smoothly as follows.

Goto Control Panel and choose Programs and Features (you may need to click View by: Large Icons in order to see the Programs and Features icon).

On the left margin of the Programs and Features window, choose Turn Windows Features on or off you may need administrative privileges in order to proceed.

Next, expand the Internet Information Services tree to ensure the installation of IIS server. Then expand the World Wide Web Services tree and then expand the Application Development Features and make sure that the ASP.NETnode icon is checked.

Finally click OK to install the IIS and ASP.NET server.

Appendix B: Configuring the IIS Server for First Time Usage

To launch IIS server under Windows 7, go to the start menu and type IIS - you should see Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager.

First, you should start the IIS server, so click Start on the right margin labelled Action.

Now that the IIS server has started, you may (optionally) want to enable directory listing in order to permit users to browse the contents of your web server.

To do that, click on the Default Web Site tree in the left margin named Connections and then double click on theDirectory Browsing icon located in the middle of the screen. In the Actions, right margin click Enable.

You’re now ready to view your site. Just launch your browser and type http://localhost in your browser.

Retrieving hardware information with WMI

2012-07-05T23:09:00.000-07:00

Introduction

Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) is a scalable system management infrastructure that uses a single, consistent, standards-based, extensible, object-oriented interface. WMI provides you with a standard way to interact with system management information and the underlying WMI APIs. WMI is used primarily by system management application developers and administrators to access and manipulate system management information.

The purpose of WMI is to provide a standardized means for managing your computer system, be it a local computer or all the computers in an enterprise. In its simplest terms, management is little more than collecting data about the state of a managed object on the computer system and altering the state of the managed object by changing the data stored about the object. A managed object can be a hardware entity, such as a memory array, port, or disk drive. It can also be a software entity, such as a service, user account, or page file.

WMI can manage the many components of a computer system. In managing a hard disk, you can use WMI to monitor the amount of free space remaining on the disk. You could also use WMI to remotely alter the state of the drive by deleting files, changing file security, or partitioning or formatting the drive.

WMI is not only a powerful tool to collect system information, it is also very easy to use. Existing scripting WMI interface makes it possible to be used for system administrators and web-designers as well as for skilled programmers.

Presented application displays hardware information in HTML page and uses VBScript as back-end programming language.

First of all, we set strComputer (name of the computer to get information from) to "." - current computer, and write function GetWMIServices() - this function will be used in all procedures that get information from WMI and can be modified to get WMI services from another computer.

Then we define some function that will format output - WMIDateStringToDate(), DisplayOutputHeader(),DisplayOutput(), GetTableHeader(), GetTableFooter(), GetRow(). With these functions, we will have standardized output.

Code

For example, the code for retrieving and displaying processor(s) information is:

Function  ShowProcessorInfo()
  On  Error  Resume  Next
  DisplayOutputHeader("Processor  -  Win32_Processor")
  str  =  ""
  Set  objWMIService  =  GetWMIServices()
  Set  colItems  =  objWMIService.ExecQuery( _
    "Select  *  from  Win32_Processor")
  For  Each  objItem  in  colItems
          str  =  str  &  GetTableHeader()
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Address  Width",  objItem.AddressWidth)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Architecture",  objItem.Architecture)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Availability",  objItem.Availability)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("CPU  Status",  objItem.CpuStatus)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Current  Clock  Speed",  _
             objItem.CurrentClockSpeed)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Data  Width",  objItem.DataWidth)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Description",  objItem.Description)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Device  ID",  objItem.DeviceID)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Ext  Clock",  objItem.ExtClock)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Family",  objItem.Family)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("L2  Cache  Size",  objItem.L2CacheSize)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("L2  Cache  Speed",  objItem.L2CacheSpeed)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Level",  objItem.Level)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Load  Percentage",  objItem.LoadPercentage)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Manufacturer",  objItem.Manufacturer)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Maximum  Clock  Speed",  _
            objItem.MaxClockSpeed)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Name",  objItem.Name)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("PNP  Device  ID",  objItem.PNPDeviceID)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Processor  Id",  objItem.ProcessorId)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Processor  Type",  objItem.ProcessorType)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Revision",  objItem.Revision)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Role",  objItem.Role)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Socket  Designation",  _
              objItem.SocketDesignation)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Status  Information",  objItem.StatusInfo)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Stepping",  objItem.Stepping)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Unique  Id",  objItem.UniqueId)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Upgrade  Method",  objItem.UpgradeMethod)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Version",  objItem.Version)
          str  =  str  &  GetRow("Voltage  Caps",  objItem.VoltageCaps)
          str  =  str  &  GetTableFooter()
  Next
  DisplayOutput(str)
End  Function

HardwareInfo retrieves also information about baseboard, batteries, BIOS, memory settings, PnP devices, ports and some others.

At the last point, customize look of the application with cascading style sheet - the easiest way to create good looking interface. Application can run as is - just double-click on index.hta file or it can be compiled into single file. Retrieving information about installed hardware items with Windows Management Instrumentation is very easy and requires minimal programming skills.

HardwareInformation application is written as HTA (HTML application) and compiled with compiler provided with www-Sharp.ClrHost that is available for free. www-Sharp includes WMI viewer that can be used to visually explore WMI classes and properties and write powerful WMI applications.

Using VBScript to sort servers by best response time - Uses custom ping function for XP and 2000

2012-07-05T23:08:00.003-07:00

Introduction

Working on a script a while back, there was a need to sort a list of servers by the average response time. Being able to sort servers by their response times gives you the ability to ensure you are connecting to the best server based on your location and avoid servers that are down. Within the script, there are two functions: a custom ping function designed to work with XP and 2000, and the ServersByPingTime function which takes a list of servers and returns an array based on the best average response time. Below, you will find the script and the sample output. You can also download the sample by clicking the link at the top of the page.

The Code

Dim arr : arr = Array( "GOOGLE.COM" , "YAHOO.COM" , _
                       "CAT" , "LOCALHOST")
Dim out
Call ServersByPingTime( arr , out , True )
Dim s
WScript.Echo "In order fastest to slowest: "
For Each S in out
 WScript.Echo s
Next 

' Ping function will work on Windows 2000 and Windows XP
' without using the Win32_PingStatus
Function Ping(strHost , ByRef bytesSent , ByRef bytesReceived , _
         ByRef bytesLost , ByRef minMs , ByRef maxMs , ByRef aveMs )
 Ping = False
 Dim objShell, objExec, strPingResults, bRet
 Set objShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
 Set objExec = objShell.Exec("ping -n 1 " & strHost) 
 Do
     WScript.Sleep 100
 Loop Until objExec.Status <> 0
 strPingResults = objExec.StdOut.ReadAll
 Dim regexpingstats : Set regexpingstats = new regexp
  regexpingstats.Pattern = "Packets:\s+Sent\s+=\s+([0-9]+).*Received" & _ 
                           "\s+=\s+([0-9]+).*Lost\s+=\s+([0-9]+)(?:.*\s)+" & _ 
                           "Minimum\s+=\s+([0-9]+)ms.*Maximum\s+=\s+" & _ 
                           "([0-9]+)ms.*Average\s+=\s+([0-9]+)ms"
 regexpingstats.Global = True
 regexpingstats.IgnoreCase = True
 regexpingstats.MultiLine = True
 If regexpingstats.Test(strPingResults) Then
  Dim m : Set m = regexpingstats.Execute(strPingResults)
  bytesSent = CInt(m.Item(0).subMatches.Item(0))
  bytesReceived = CInt(m.Item(0).subMatches.Item(1))
  bytesLost = CInt(m.Item(0).subMatches.Item(2))
  minMs = CInt(m.Item(0).subMatches.Item(3))
  maxMs = CInt(m.Item(0).subMatches.Item(4))
  aveMs = CInt(m.Item(0).subMatches.Item(5))
  Ping = Eval( bytesSent > bytesLost )
 End If
End Function

'Returns false if no server were found alive
'outSortedByMs - array sorted fastest response to slowest response time
Public Function ServersByPingTime( ByVal inSeverList , _
                ByRef outSortedByMs , bVerbose )
  On Error Resume Next
  ServersByPingTime = False
  outLivingSorted = Array
  Dim s, i , j , temp
  If bVerbose Then
    WScript.Echo("[Performing Connectivity Test of Defined Servers]")
  For Each s In inSeverList 
   If bVerbose Then wscript.StdOut.Write("        Server: " & s )
   Dim bs, br, bl, mi , ma , av
   If Ping( s , bs, br, bl, mi , ma , av ) Then
    If bVerbose Then
     WScript.Echo(" [Passed]")
     WScript.Echo("    Bytes Sent: " & bs )
     WScript.Echo("    Bytes Recv: " & br )
     WScript.Echo("    Bytes Lost: " & bl )
     WScript.Echo("        Min ms: " & mi )
     WScript.Echo("        Max ms: " & ma )
     WScript.Echo("    Average ms: " & av )
     WScript.Echo("")
    End If 
    i = UBound(outLivingSorted) + 1  
    ReDim Preserve outLivingSorted(i)
    outLivingSorted(i) = Array(s,av)
    ServersByPingTime = True ' Success there are servers alive... 
   Else 
    If bVerbose Then 
     WScript.Echo(" [Failed]")
     WScript.Echo("")
    End if
   End If 
  Next
  'Sort...
  For i = UBound(outLivingSorted) - 1 To 0 Step -1
    For j = 0 To i
      If outLivingSorted(j)(1) > outLivingSorted(j+1)(1) Then
         temp=outLivingSorted(j+1)
         outLivingSorted(j+1)=outLivingSorted(j)
         outLivingSorted(j)=temp
      End If
    Next
  Next 
  'Temp array to store the new pinged and sorted by reponse time...
  Dim temparray
  ReDim temparray(UBound(outLivingSorted))
  For i = 0 To UBound(outLivingSorted) 
    temparray(i) = outLivingSorted(i)(0)
  Next
  outSortedByMs = temparray
End Function

Sample Output - Verbose

[Performing Connectivity Test of Defined Servers]
Server: GOOGLE.COM [Passed]
Bytes Sent: 4
Bytes Recv: 3
Bytes Lost: 1
Min ms: 28
Max ms: 31
Average ms: 30
Server: YAHOO.COM [Passed]
Bytes Sent: 4
Bytes Recv: 4
Bytes Lost: 0
Min ms: 15
Max ms: 19
Average ms: 16
Server: CAT [Failed]
Server: LOCALHOST [Passed]
Bytes Sent: 4
Bytes Recv: 4
Bytes Lost: 0
Min ms: 0
Max ms: 0
Average ms: 0
In order fastest to slowest: 
LOCALHOST
YAHOO.COM
GOOGLE.COM

Using Web Services with VB.NET

2012-07-05T23:06:00.000-07:00

Web Services is one of the greatest technologies developed in the Internet world. They can be used to connect businesses with each other and clients in a standard way using XML (Extensible Markup Language), SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol), WSDL (Web Services Description Language), and UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery and Integration).

XML is used for structuring the data, SOAP is used to transfer the data, WSDL is used for describing the services, and UDDI is used to get a list of services available. Web Services allows applications to communicate with each other without worrying about their hardware systems, operating systems, and programming languages.

Unlike the older model, Web Services does not provide a user interface but exposes the business logic, which can be programmed; therefore, the user is free to add his own interface to the application.

Google is one of the Web sites that has provided a public Web Services, allowing applications to use features such as search and spell checks. We shall now see how can we use this service in our application using Visual Basic .NET.

But before we can access Google's Web APIs service, we will have to create a Google account and obtain an license key that will allow us to run about 1,000 automated queries a day. Please visithttp://www.Google.co.nz/apis/ to create a Google account. After you have entered your e-mail address and password, Google will mail you a license key, which we'll use in our application.

Getting Started

Now that you have received your license key, we will create an application in Visual Basic .NET to create a customized search and a spelling checker that uses the Google Web APIs Service.

Open your Visual Studio .NET, create a new Windows Application Project, which we will call googleapi, and then click OK.

Adding a Web Reference to Google Web APIs Service

We will now add a Web Reference to Google Web APIs Service. Well, this is almost like adding a reference to a COM/ActiveX object, but when we add a Web Reference we now have access to all the XML Web Services on the Google server. Open your Solution Explorer, right-click References, and then click Add Web Reference. Alternatively, you could select Project menu and click Add Web Reference.

In the Add Web Reference window, type http://api.Google.com/GoogleSearch.wsdl in the address bar. Please make sure you type exactly as shown; this URL is case sensitive.

After you enter the URL and press Enter, the Google Web Service is loaded. You should see a screen like Figure 2. Also, the Add Reference button is enabled. Click Add Reference button to add this Web reference to our project.

In the Solution Explorer Window, click the Web Reference to see a Google Web Reference, which we have added. Let's rename that to Google by right-clicking it and clicking Rename.

Create a User Interface as shown below with the flowing controls and given names.


a) For Searching on the Engine
txtSearch            - TextBox
lbl_TotalFound       - Label
btn_Search           - Button
 
b) For Checking Spelling
 
txt_CheckSpelling    - TextBox
lbl_CorrectSpelling  - Label
btn_CheckSpelling    - Button

Source Code

Type the following code in the click event of the Google Search Button (btn_Search):


Private Sub btn_Search_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, _
        ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles btn_Search.Click
 
        Dim MyLicenseKey As String ' Variable to Store the
                                   ' License Key
        ' Declare variable for the Google search service
        Dim MyService As Google.GoogleSearchService = New _
                         Google.GoogleSearchService()
        ' Declare variable for the Google Search Result
        Dim MyResult As Google.GoogleSearchResult
        ' Please type your license key here
        MyLicenseKey = "tGCTJkYos3YItLYzI9Hg5quBRY8bGqiM"
        ' Execute Google search on the text enter and
        ' license key
        MyResult = MyService.doGoogleSearch(MyLicenseKey, _
                   txtSearch.Text, 0, 1, False, "", False, _
                                   "", "", "")
        ' output the total Results found
        lbl_TotalFound.Text = "Total Found : " & _
                       CStr(MyResult.estimatedTotalResultsCount)
    End Sub

Type the following code in the click event of the Check Spelling Button (btn_CheckSpelling):


Private Sub btn_CheckSpelling_Click(ByVal sender _
        As System.Object, _
        ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
        Handles btn_CheckSpelling.Click
 
        Dim MyLicenseKey As String ' Variable to Store the
                                   ' License Key
        ' Declare variable for the Google search service
        Dim  MyService As Google.GoogleSearchService = New _
                          Google.GoogleSearchService()
        ' Declare variable for the Google Search Result
        Dim MyResult As String
        ' Please type your license key here
        MyLicenseKey = "tGCTJkYos3YItLYzI9Hg5quBRY8bGqiM"
        ' Execute Google search on the text enter and
        ' license key
        MyResult = MyService.doSpellingSuggestion( _
                   MyLicenseKey, _
                   txt_CheckSpelling.Text)
        ' output the results
        lbl_CorrectSpelling.Text = "Did you Mean : " & MyResult
    End Sub

Finally

Now we have finished coding our application. Run the application and type some text to search in the text box. Click the Google Search button to see the number of results found. Also, try the Google spell check.

Now you must have realized how simple it is to incorporate Google Web APIs Service in your application. Here are few things you could do with this service:

Issue regularly scheduled search requests to monitor the Web for new information on a subject.
Perform market research by analyzing differences in the amount of information available on different subjects over time.
Search via non-HTML interfaces, such as the command line, pagers, or visualization applications.
Create innovative games that play with information on the Web.
Add Google spell-checking to an application.

There are a few more things I would like to say before I sign off:

Google Web APIs support the same search syntax as the Google.com site and provide each developer who registers to use the Google Web APIs service a limit of 1,000 queries per day.

Please visit http://www.google.com/apis/api_faq.html if you have further questions about Google Web APIs Service.

Consuming .NET Web services with COM and VB6

2012-07-05T23:04:00.001-07:00

Microsoft's .NET strategy does not leave Visual Basic 6.0 programmers completely in the dark. One of the benefits of .NET is the ease at which you can create Web services. Another benefit is its interoperability with Component Object Model (COM), the basis for VB6 component creation and ActiveX.

VB6 programmers can find comfort in knowing that .NET components can be registered as COM components, allowing VB6 programmers to create a reference to the registered component and use that component within their own projects. This can be a very powerful way to utilize .NET Web service components within VB6 projects.

In this article, I will create a simple .NET Web service component, as well as a client proxy for the service, and use that proxy within VB6 without having to utilize the entire SOAP toolkit.

Creating Web services in .NET is simple, because the foundation for HTTP transport through SOAP is built into the .NET Framework. This is, for the most part, transparent to the .NET programmer. The .NET programmer creates classes with public methods just like he/she would with any other development environment. However, when he/she compiles the project, the WSDL and supporting Web service functionality are created also. This is a major benefit to creating applications in .NET.

Most likely, consumption of .NET Web services is done through a consumer proxy. If you have theASP.NET Web Matrix IDE on your PC, it contains a tool for automatically creating these proxies. Otherwise, you can create the proxy using command line tools available with the .NET Framework. Once you've created these proxies, which include the source code, you can tweak the code so that you can consume the proxy's functionality as a registered COM component in VB6.

The first thing to do is create a .NET Web service that provides simple functionality but is representative of a useful business function that you would want to create as a Web service. Let's create a service for grabbing information from a database and supplying that data to the client. This is what the great majority of all business functions do. The proxy will consume the Web service and will be registered as a COM component. Finally, a standard EXE will consume the proxy COM and display the results in textboxes on a form.

The most common data you can find in most solutions is user information. So in our .NET Web service, we'll create a method that accepts an integer value, the user ID as the parameter and returns a User type. The User type contains members such as FirstName, LastName, etc.

First, create a .NET Web service application in the Visual Studio .NET IDE, or you can create this solution in the ASP.NET Web Matrix IDE mentioned above. Add the code in Listing A to the newly created project.

From the preceding code, you can see where we create the connection to the database (in this case, SQL Server), grab the user information based on the user ID passed in to our method, and create and return the User type.

Compile this code, and test the functionality by navigating your browser to the URL where your Web service is located, such as http://localhost/MyWebService/UserService.asmx. You should get a page that lists the method of your service. Click on this method and you should get a textbox to enter a user ID. Type in a valid user ID, click on the Invoke button, and check the return information in the next page. You should get XML back that looks something like Listing B.

If you get this, then we're on the right track. If not, normal errors include security errors such as access to the database. In your web.config file, make sure the authentication type is set to "Windows", and add identity impersonation with the following code:

<authentication type="Windows" />
<identity impersonate="true" />

At this point, you may have to add IUSR_[computer name] access to the database. You can add this user to the public role and grant SELECT rights on your user information table to public. However, you should turn off anonymous access to this page through Internet Services Manager.

In the next article, I'll create the Web service proxy using both the command line tools and the Web Matrix IDE. I'll tweak the code so that it can be used as a COM component and rebuild the DLL. Then I'll create a standard VB6 EXE that will reference the proxy COM.

If you're new to Web services in .NET, the ASP.NET Web site provides simple, yet effective, information for creating Web services in .NET.

VBScript Functions

2012-07-05T23:03:00.001-07:00

Date/Time Functions

Function	Description
CDate	Converts a valid date and time expression to the variant of subtype Date
Date	Returns the current system date
DateAdd	Returns a date to which a specified time interval has been added
DateDiff	Returns the number of intervals between two dates
DatePart	Returns the specified part of a given date
DateSerial	Returns the date for a specified year, month, and day
DateValue	Returns a date
Day	Returns a number that represents the day of the month (between 1 and 31, inclusive)
FormatDateTime	Returns an expression formatted as a date or time
Hour	Returns a number that represents the hour of the day (between 0 and 23, inclusive)
IsDate	Returns a Boolean value that indicates if the evaluated expression can be converted to a date
Minute	Returns a number that represents the minute of the hour (between 0 and 59, inclusive)
Month	Returns a number that represents the month of the year (between 1 and 12, inclusive)
MonthName	Returns the name of a specified month
Now	Returns the current system date and time
Second	Returns a number that represents the second of the minute (between 0 and 59, inclusive)
Time	Returns the current system time
Timer	Returns the number of seconds since 12:00 AM
TimeSerial	Returns the time for a specific hour, minute, and second
TimeValue	Returns a time
Weekday	Returns a number that represents the day of the week (between 1 and 7, inclusive)
WeekdayName	Returns the weekday name of a specified day of the week
Year	Returns a number that represents the year

Conversion Functions

Function	Description
Asc	Converts the first letter in a string to ANSI code
CBool	Converts an expression to a variant of subtype Boolean
CByte	Converts an expression to a variant of subtype Byte
CCur	Converts an expression to a variant of subtype Currency
CDate	Converts a valid date and time expression to the variant of subtype Date
CDbl	Converts an expression to a variant of subtype Double
Chr	Converts the specified ANSI code to a character
CInt	Converts an expression to a variant of subtype Integer
CLng	Converts an expression to a variant of subtype Long
CSng	Converts an expression to a variant of subtype Single
CStr	Converts an expression to a variant of subtype String
Hex	Returns the hexadecimal value of a specified number
Oct	Returns the octal value of a specified number

Format Functions

Function	Description
FormatCurrency	Returns an expression formatted as a currency value
FormatDateTime	Returns an expression formatted as a date or time
FormatNumber	Returns an expression formatted as a number
FormatPercent	Returns an expression formatted as a percentage

Math Functions

Function	Description
Abs	Returns the absolute value of a specified number
Atn	Returns the arctangent of a specified number
Cos	Returns the cosine of a specified number (angle)
Exp	Returns e raised to a power
Hex	Returns the hexadecimal value of a specified number
Int	Returns the integer part of a specified number
Fix	Returns the integer part of a specified number
Log	Returns the natural logarithm of a specified number
Oct	Returns the octal value of a specified number
Rnd	Returns a random number less than 1 but greater or equal to 0
Sgn	Returns an integer that indicates the sign of a specified number
Sin	Returns the sine of a specified number (angle)
Sqr	Returns the square root of a specified number
Tan	Returns the tangent of a specified number (angle)

Array Functions

Function	Description
Array	Returns a variant containing an array
Filter	Returns a zero-based array that contains a subset of a string array based on a filter criteria
IsArray	Returns a Boolean value that indicates whether a specified variable is an array
Join	Returns a string that consists of a number of substrings in an array
LBound	Returns the smallest subscript for the indicated dimension of an array
Split	Returns a zero-based, one-dimensional array that contains a specified number of substrings
UBound	Returns the largest subscript for the indicated dimension of an array

String Functions

Function	Description
InStr	Returns the position of the first occurrence of one string within another. The search begins at the first character of the string
InStrRev	Returns the position of the first occurrence of one string within another. The search begins at the last character of the string
LCase	Converts a specified string to lowercase
Left	Returns a specified number of characters from the left side of a string
Len	Returns the number of characters in a string
LTrim	Removes spaces on the left side of a string
RTrim	Removes spaces on the right side of a string
Trim	Removes spaces on both the left and the right side of a string
Mid	Returns a specified number of characters from a string
Replace	Replaces a specified part of a string with another string a specified number of times
Right	Returns a specified number of characters from the right side of a string
Space	Returns a string that consists of a specified number of spaces
StrComp	Compares two strings and returns a value that represents the result of the comparison
String	Returns a string that contains a repeating character of a specified length
StrReverse	Reverses a string
UCase	Converts a specified string to uppercase

Other Functions

Function	Description
CreateObject	Creates an object of a specified type
Eval	Evaluates an expression and returns the result
GetLocale	Returns the current locale ID
GetObject	Returns a reference to an automation object from a file
GetRef	Allows you to connect a VBScript procedure to a DHTML event on your pages
InputBox	Displays a dialog box, where the user can write some input and/or click on a button, and returns the contents
IsEmpty	Returns a Boolean value that indicates whether a specified variable has been initialized or not
IsNull	Returns a Boolean value that indicates whether a specified expression contains no valid data (Null)
IsNumeric	Returns a Boolean value that indicates whether a specified expression can be evaluated as a number
IsObject	Returns a Boolean value that indicates whether the specified expression is an automation object
LoadPicture	Returns a picture object. Available only on 32-bit platforms
MsgBox	Displays a message box, waits for the user to click a button, and returns a value that indicates which button the user clicked
RGB	Returns a number that represents an RGB color value
Round	Rounds a number
ScriptEngine	Returns the scripting language in use
ScriptEngineBuildVersion	Returns the build version number of the scripting engine in use
ScriptEngineMajorVersion	Returns the major version number of the scripting engine in use
ScriptEngineMinorVersion	Returns the minor version number of the scripting engine in use
SetLocale	Sets the locale ID and returns the previous locale ID
TypeName	Returns the subtype of a specified variable
VarType	Returns a value that indicates the subtype of a specified variable

SOAP Introduction

2012-07-05T23:00:00.002-07:00

SOAP is a simple XML-based protocol to let applications exchange information over HTTP.

Or more simply: SOAP is a protocol for accessing a Web Service.

What You Should Already Know

Before you study SOAP you should have a basic understanding of XML and XML Namespaces.

What is SOAP?

SOAP stands for Simple Object Access Protocol
SOAP is a communication protocol
SOAP is for communication between applications
SOAP is a format for sending messages
SOAP communicates via Internet
SOAP is platform independent
SOAP is language independent
SOAP is based on XML
SOAP is simple and extensible
SOAP allows you to get around firewalls
SOAP is a W3C recommendation

Why SOAP?

It is important for application development to allow Internet communication between programs.

Today's applications communicate using Remote Procedure Calls (RPC) between objects like DCOM and CORBA, but HTTP was not designed for this. RPC represents a compatibility and security problem; firewalls and proxy servers will normally block this kind of traffic.

A better way to communicate between applications is over HTTP, because HTTP is supported by all Internet browsers and servers. SOAP was created to accomplish this.

SOAP provides a way to communicate between applications running on different operating systems, with different technologies and programming languages.

SOAP is a W3C Recommendation

SOAP became a W3C Recommendation 24. June 2003.

Introduction to WSDL

2012-07-05T22:59:00.002-07:00

WSDL is an XML-based language for describing Web services and how to access them.

What You Should Already Know

Before you continue you should have a basic understanding of the following:

XML
XML Namespaces
XML Schema

What is WSDL?

WSDL stands for Web Services Description Language
WSDL is written in XML
WSDL is an XML document
WSDL is used to describe Web services
WSDL is also used to locate Web services
WSDL is a W3C recommendation

WSDL Describes Web Services

WSDL stands for Web Services Description Language.

WSDL is a document written in XML. The document describes a Web service. It specifies the location of the service and the operations (or methods) the service exposes.

WSDL is a W3C Recommendation

WSDL became a W3C Recommendation 26. June 2007.

PHP If...Else Statements

2012-07-05T22:42:00.002-07:00

Conditional Statements

Very often when you write code, you want to perform different actions for different decisions.

You can use conditional statements in your code to do this.

In PHP we have the following conditional statements:

if statement - use this statement to execute some code only if a specified condition is true
if...else statement - use this statement to execute some code if a condition is true and another code if the condition is false
if...elseif....else statement - use this statement to select one of several blocks of code to be executed
switch statement - use this statement to select one of many blocks of code to be executed

The if Statement

Use the if statement to execute some code only if a specified condition is true.

Syntax

if (condition) code to be executed if condition is true;

The following example will output "Have a nice weekend!" if the current day is Friday:

<html>
<body>

<?php
$d=date("D");
if ($d=="Fri") echo "Have a nice weekend!";
?>

</body>
</html>

Notice that there is no ..else.. in this syntax. The code is executed only if the specified condition is true.

The if...else Statement

Use the if....else statement to execute some code if a condition is true and another code if a condition is false.

Syntax

if (condition)
  {
  code to be executed if condition is true;
  }
else
  {
  code to be executed if condition is false;
  }

Example

The following example will output "Have a nice weekend!" if the current day is Friday, otherwise it will output "Have a nice day!":

<html>
<body>

<?php
$d=date("D");
if ($d=="Fri")
  {
  echo "Have a nice weekend!";
  }
else
  {
  echo "Have a nice day!";
  }
?>

</body>
</html>

The if...elseif....else Statement

Use the if....elseif...else statement to select one of several blocks of code to be executed.

Syntax

if (condition)
  {
  code to be executed if condition is true;
  }
elseif (condition)
  {
  code to be executed if condition is true;
  }
else
  {
  code to be executed if condition is false;  }

Example

The following example will output "Have a nice weekend!" if the current day is Friday, and "Have a nice Sunday!" if the current day is Sunday. Otherwise it will output "Have a nice day!":

<html>
<body>

<?php
$d=date("D");
if ($d=="Fri")
  {
  echo "Have a nice weekend!";
  }
elseif ($d=="Sun")
  {
  echo "Have a nice Sunday!";
  }
else
  {
  echo "Have a nice day!";
  }
?>

</body>
</html>

PHP File Upload

2012-07-05T22:41:00.000-07:00

Create an Upload-File Form

To allow users to upload files from a form can be very useful.

Look at the following HTML form for uploading files:

<html>
<body>

<form action="upload_file.php" method="post"
enctype="multipart/form-data">
<label for="file">Filename:</label>
<input type="file" name="file" id="file" />
<br />
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit" />
</form>

</body>
</html>

Notice the following about the HTML form above:

The enctype attribute of the <form> tag specifies which content-type to use when submitting the form. "multipart/form-data" is used when a form requires binary data, like the contents of a file, to be uploaded
The type="file" attribute of the <input> tag specifies that the input should be processed as a file. For example, when viewed in a browser, there will be a browse-button next to the input field

Note: Allowing users to upload files is a big security risk. Only permit trusted users to perform file uploads.

Create The Upload Script

The "upload_file.php" file contains the code for uploading a file:

<?php
if ($_FILES["file"]["error"] > 0)
  {
  echo "Error: " . $_FILES["file"]["error"] . "<br />";
  }
else
  {
  echo "Upload: " . $_FILES["file"]["name"] . "<br />";
  echo "Type: " . $_FILES["file"]["type"] . "<br />";
  echo "Size: " . ($_FILES["file"]["size"] / 1024) . " Kb<br />";
  echo "Stored in: " . $_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"];
  }
?>

By using the global PHP $_FILES array you can upload files from a client computer to the remote server.

The first parameter is the form's input name and the second index can be either "name", "type", "size", "tmp_name" or "error". Like this:

$_FILES["file"]["name"] - the name of the uploaded file
$_FILES["file"]["type"] - the type of the uploaded file
$_FILES["file"]["size"] - the size in bytes of the uploaded file
$_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"] - the name of the temporary copy of the file stored on the server
$_FILES["file"]["error"] - the error code resulting from the file upload

This is a very simple way of uploading files. For security reasons, you should add restrictions on what the user is allowed to upload.

Restrictions on Upload

In this script we add some restrictions to the file upload. The user may only upload .gif or .jpeg files and the file size must be under 20 kb:

<?php
if ((($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/gif")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/jpeg")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/pjpeg"))
&& ($_FILES["file"]["size"] < 20000))
  {
  if ($_FILES["file"]["error"] > 0)
    {
    echo "Error: " . $_FILES["file"]["error"] . "<br />";
    }
  else
    {
    echo "Upload: " . $_FILES["file"]["name"] . "<br />";
    echo "Type: " . $_FILES["file"]["type"] . "<br />";
    echo "Size: " . ($_FILES["file"]["size"] / 1024) . " Kb<br />";
    echo "Stored in: " . $_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"];
    }
  }
else
  {
  echo "Invalid file";
  }
?>

Note: For IE to recognize jpg files the type must be pjpeg, for FireFox it must be jpeg.

Saving the Uploaded File

The examples above create a temporary copy of the uploaded files in the PHP temp folder on the server.

The temporary copied files disappears when the script ends. To store the uploaded file we need to copy it to a different location:

<?php
if ((($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/gif")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/jpeg")
|| ($_FILES["file"]["type"] == "image/pjpeg"))
&& ($_FILES["file"]["size"] < 20000))
  {
  if ($_FILES["file"]["error"] > 0)
    {
    echo "Return Code: " . $_FILES["file"]["error"] . "<br />";
    }
  else
    {
    echo "Upload: " . $_FILES["file"]["name"] . "<br />";
    echo "Type: " . $_FILES["file"]["type"] . "<br />";
    echo "Size: " . ($_FILES["file"]["size"] / 1024) . " Kb<br />";
    echo "Temp file: " . $_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"] . "<br />";

    if (file_exists("upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"]))
      {
      echo $_FILES["file"]["name"] . " already exists. ";
      }
    else
      {
      move_uploaded_file($_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"],
      "upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"]);
      echo "Stored in: " . "upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"];
      }
    }
  }
else
  {
  echo "Invalid file";
  }
?>

The script above checks if the file already exists, if it does not, it copies the file to the specified folder.

Note: This example saves the file to a new folder called "upload"

HP Secure E-mails

2012-07-05T22:40:00.002-07:00

PHP E-mail Injections

First, look at the PHP code from the previous chapter:

<html>
<body>

<?php
if (isset($_REQUEST['email']))
//if "email" is filled out, send email
  {
  //send email
  $email = $_REQUEST['email'] ;
  $subject = $_REQUEST['subject'] ;
  $message = $_REQUEST['message'] ;
  mail("someone@example.com", "Subject: $subject",
  $message, "From: $email" );
  echo "Thank you for using our mail form";
  }
else
//if "email" is not filled out, display the form
  {
  echo "<form method='post' action='mailform.php'>
  Email: <input name='email' type='text' /><br />
  Subject: <input name='subject' type='text' /><br />
  Message:<br />
  <textarea name='message' rows='15' cols='40'>
  </textarea><br />
  <input type='submit' />
  </form>";
  }
?>

</body>
</html>

The problem with the code above is that unauthorized users can insert data into the mail headers via the input form.

What happens if the user adds the following text to the email input field in the form?

someone@example.com%0ACc:person2@example.com
%0ABcc:person3@example.com,person3@example.com,
anotherperson4@example.com,person5@example.com
%0ABTo:person6@example.com

The mail() function puts the text above into the mail headers as usual, and now the header has an extra Cc:, Bcc:, and To: field. When the user clicks the submit button, the e-mail will be sent to all of the addresses above!

PHP Stopping E-mail Injections

The best way to stop e-mail injections is to validate the input.

The code below is the same as in the previous chapter, but now we have added an input validator that checks the email field in the form:

<html>
<body>
<?php
function spamcheck($field)
  {
  //filter_var() sanitizes the e-mail
  //address using FILTER_SANITIZE_EMAIL
  $field=filter_var($field, FILTER_SANITIZE_EMAIL);

  //filter_var() validates the e-mail
  //address using FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL
  if(filter_var($field, FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL))
    {
    return TRUE;
    }
  else
    {
    return FALSE;
    }
  }

if (isset($_REQUEST['email']))
  {//if "email" is filled out, proceed

  //check if the email address is invalid
  $mailcheck = spamcheck($_REQUEST['email']);
  if ($mailcheck==FALSE)
    {
    echo "Invalid input";
    }
  else
    {//send email
    $email = $_REQUEST['email'] ;
    $subject = $_REQUEST['subject'] ;
    $message = $_REQUEST['message'] ;
    mail("someone@example.com", "Subject: $subject",
    $message, "From: $email" );
    echo "Thank you for using our mail form";
    }
  }
else
  {//if "email" is not filled out, display the form
  echo "<form method='post' action='mailform.php'>
  Email: <input name='email' type='text' /><br />
  Subject: <input name='subject' type='text' /><br />
  Message:<br />
  <textarea name='message' rows='15' cols='40'>
  </textarea><br />
  <input type='submit' />
  </form>";
  }
?>

</body>
</html>

In the code above we use PHP filters to validate input:

The FILTER_SANITIZE_EMAIL filter removes all illegal e-mail characters from a string
The FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL filter validates value as an e-mail address

JavaScript Form Validation

2012-07-05T20:52:00.000-07:00

JavaScript Form Validation

JavaScript can be used to validate data in HTML forms before sending off the content to a server.

Form data that typically are checked by a JavaScript could be:

has the user left required fields empty?
has the user entered a valid e-mail address?
has the user entered a valid date?
has the user entered text in a numeric field?

Required Fields

The function below checks if a field has been left empty. If the field is blank, an alert box alerts a message, the function returns false, and the form will not be submitted:

function validateForm()

{

var x=document.forms["myForm"]["fname"].value;

if (x==null || x=="")

  {

  alert("First name must be filled out");

  return false;

  }

}

The function above could be called when a form is submitted:

Example

<form name="myForm" action="demo_form.asp" onsubmit="return validateForm()" method="post">

First name: <input type="text" name="fname">

<input type="submit" value="Submit">

</form>

E-mail Validation

The function below checks if the content has the general syntax of an email.

This means that the input data must contain an @ sign and at least one dot (.). Also, the @ must not be the first character of the email address, and the last dot must be present after the @ sign, and minimum 2 characters before the end:

function validateForm()

{

var x=document.forms["myForm"]["email"].value;

var atpos=x.indexOf("@");

var dotpos=x.lastIndexOf(".");

if (atpos<1 || dotpos<atpos+2 || dotpos+2>=x.length)

  {

  alert("Not a valid e-mail address");

  return false;

  }

}

The function above could be called when a form is submitted:

Example

<form name="myForm" action="demo_form.asp" onsubmit="return validateForm();" method="post">

Email: <input type="text" name="email">

<input type="submit" value="Submit">

</form>

JavaScript Cookies

2012-07-05T20:51:00.002-07:00

What is a Cookie?

A cookie is a variable that is stored on the visitor's computer. Each time the same computer requests a page with a browser, it will send the cookie too. With JavaScript, you can both create and retrieve cookie values.

Examples of cookies:

Name cookie - The first time a visitor arrives to your web page, he or she must fill in her/his name. The name is then stored in a cookie. Next time the visitor arrives at your page, he or she could get a welcome message like "Welcome John Doe!" The name is retrieved from the stored cookie
Date cookie - The first time a visitor arrives to your web page, the current date is stored in a cookie. Next time the visitor arrives at your page, he or she could get a message like "Your last visit was on Tuesday August 11, 2005!" The date is retrieved from the stored cookie

Create and Store a Cookie

In this example we will create a cookie that stores the name of a visitor. The first time a visitor arrives to the web page, he or she will be asked to fill in her/his name. The name is then stored in a cookie. The next time the visitor arrives at the same page, he or she will get welcome message.

First, we create a function that stores the name of the visitor in a cookie variable:

function setCookie(c_name,value,exdays)

{

var exdate=new Date();

exdate.setDate(exdate.getDate() + exdays);

var c_value=escape(value) + ((exdays==null) ? "" : "; expires="+exdate.toUTCString());

document.cookie=c_name + "=" + c_value;

}

The parameters of the function above hold the name of the cookie, the value of the cookie, and the number of days until the cookie expires.

In the function above we first convert the number of days to a valid date, then we add the number of days until the cookie should expire. After that we store the cookie name, cookie value and the expiration date in the document.cookie object.

Then, we create another function that returns a specified cookie:

function getCookie(c_name)

{

var i,x,y,ARRcookies=document.cookie.split(";");

for (i=0;i<ARRcookies.length;i++)

{

  x=ARRcookies[i].substr(0,ARRcookies[i].indexOf("="));

  y=ARRcookies[i].substr(ARRcookies[i].indexOf("=")+1);

  x=x.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g,"");

  if (x==c_name)

    {

    return unescape(y);

    }

  }

}

The function above makes an array to retrieve cookie names and values, then it checks if the specified cookie exists, and returns the cookie value.

Last, we create the function that displays a welcome message if the cookie is set, and if the cookie is not set it will display a prompt box, asking for the name of the user, and stores the username cookie for 365 days, by calling the setCookie function:

function checkCookie()

{

var username=getCookie("username");

  if (username!=null && username!="")

  {

  alert("Welcome again " + username);

  }

else

  {

  username=prompt("Please enter your name:","");

  if (username!=null && username!="")

    {

    setCookie("username",username,365);

    }

  }

}

All together now:

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<script type="text/javascript">

function getCookie(c_name)

{

var i,x,y,ARRcookies=document.cookie.split(";");

for (i=0;i<ARRcookies.length;i++)

  {

  x=ARRcookies[i].substr(0,ARRcookies[i].indexOf("="));

  y=ARRcookies[i].substr(ARRcookies[i].indexOf("=")+1);

  x=x.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g,"");

  if (x==c_name)

    {

    return unescape(y);

    }

  }

}

function setCookie(c_name,value,exdays)

{

var exdate=new Date();

exdate.setDate(exdate.getDate() + exdays);

var c_value=escape(value) + ((exdays==null) ? "" : "; expires="+exdate.toUTCString());

document.cookie=c_name + "=" + c_value;

}

function checkCookie()

{

var username=getCookie("username");

if (username!=null && username!="")

  {

  alert("Welcome again " + username);

  }

else

  {

  username=prompt("Please enter your name:","");

  if (username!=null && username!="")

    {

    setCookie("username",username,365);

    }

  }

}

</script>

</head>

<body onload="checkCookie()">

</body>

</html>

JavaScript Tutorial

2012-07-05T20:50:00.000-07:00

1. Introduction

JavaScript is a simple programming language that can be written directly into HTML documents to allow for increased interactivity with the user. For example, JavaScript can be used to create online calculators or show the current date and time.

2. Embedding JavaScript into your HTML document

Browsers that recognize JavaScript also recognize the special <SCRIPT> ... </SCRIPT> tag. This tag goes in the <HEAD> of your HTML document, along with your <TITLE> tag. Here's a short example:

<HTML>
 
<HEAD> 
 
<TITLE>My JavaScript Page</TITLE> 
 
<SCRIPT> 
(JavaScript code goes in here)


</SCRIPT> 
 
</HEAD> 
 
(rest of your HTML document goes here)

To make an object (such as an image, a form button, or a hyperlink) on your page do something in response to a user action, you can add an additional attribute to the tag for that object. For example, the following HTML snippet pops up a thank you message when the user clicks on the link:

<A HREF="http://www.cs.brown.edu/courses/bridge/" onClick="alert('Thanks for visiting the Bridge home page!')">Bridge home page</A>

Try it yourself! Just click on the following link: Bridge home page
You're familiar with the HREF="" attribute that specifies the URL that the link points to, but note the additional onClick="" attribute. The stuff between those quotation marks is JavaScript code, which in this case pops up an alert box with the specified message. (Don't worry if you don't understand the stuff between the quotation marks; you'll learn it later on. The important thing right now is to understand the additional attribute.)
Another point to recognize is that if a browser does not understand the <SCRIPT> tag, it will skip over it, and the text that is between the two tags (your code, basically) will appear on the screen as ordinary text. Since you want to create an HTML page that is viewable on all browsers, you would want to prevent this from happening.
To prevent this from happening, you should include the characters  immediately preceding the </SCRIPT> tag. In HTML in general, using this set of characters allows you to write comments to yourself that the browser will not read or display on the page. Inside the JavaScript tags, the browser ignores these characters. By doing this, a non-JavaScript readable browser will see the comment notation and ignore the text between them (which is your code). Your code would then look like this:

<HEAD>
<SCRIPT>
<!--

(Your code goes here...)

-->
</SCRIPT>
</HEAD>

3. Variables

3.1. What are Variables?

Variables are like storage units. You can create variables to hold values. It is ideal to name a variable something that is logical, so that you'll remember what you are using it for. For example, if you were writing a program to divide 2 numbers, it could be confusing if you called your variables numberOne, numberTwo, numberThree because you may forget which one is the divisor, which one is the dividend, and which one is the quotient. A more logical approach would be to name them just that: divisor, dividend, quotient.
It is important to know the proper syntax to which variables must conform:

They must start with a letter or underscore ("_")
Subsequent characters can also be digits (0-9) or letters (A-Z and/or a-z). Remember, JavaScript is case-sensitive. (That means that MyVariable and myVariable are two different names to JavaScript, because they have different capitalization.)

Some examples of legal names are Number_hits, temp99, and _name.
When you declare a variable by assignment outside of a function, it is called a global variable, because it is available everywhere in the current document. When you declare a variable within a function, it is called a local variable, because it is available only within the function. Using var is optional, but you need to use it if you have a variable that has been declared global and you want to re-declare it as a local variable inside a function.
Variables can store all kinds of data (see below, Values of Variables, section 3.2). To assign a value to a variable, you use the following notation:

dividend = 8;

divisor = 4;

myString = "I may want to use this message multiple times";
message = myString;

Let's say the main part of the function will be dividing the dividend by the divisor and storing that number in a variable called quotient. I can write this line of code in my program: quotient = divisor*dividend, and I have both stored the value of the quotient to the variable quotient and I have declared the variable at the same time. If I had wanted to, I could have declared it along with my other assigned variables above, with a value of null. After executing the program, the value of quotient will be 2.It is important to think about the design of your program before you begin. You should create the appropriate variables so that it makes your life easier when you go to write the program. For instance, if you know that you will be coding a lot of the same strings in a message, you may want to create a variable called message and give it the value of your message. That way, when you call it in your program, you do not have to retype the same sentence over and over again, and if you want to change the content of that message, you only have to change it once -- in the variable declaration.

3.2. Values of Variables

JavaScript recognizes the following types of values:

Numbers, such as 42 or 3.14159
Logical (Boolean) values, either true or false
Strings, such as "Howdy!"
null, a special keyword which refers to nothing

This relatively small set of types of values, or data types, enables you to perform useful functions with your applications. There is no explicit distinction between integer and real-valued numbers.

3.3. Data Type Conversion

JavaScript is a loosely typed language. That means you do not have to specify the data type of a variable when you declare it, and data types are converted automatically as needed during script execution. So, for example, you could define a variable as follows:
var answer = 42
And later, you could assign the same variable a string value, for example,
answer = "Thanks for all the fish..."
Because JavaScript is loosely typed, this assignment does not cause an error message. However, this is not good coding! You should create variables for a specific type, such as an integer, string, or array, and be consistent in the values that you store in the variable. This prevents confusion when you are writing your program.
In expressions involving numeric and string values, JavaScript converts the numeric values to strings. For example, consider the following statements:

x = "The answer is " + 42
y = 42 + " is the answer."

(The + sign tells JavaScript to concatenate, or stick together, the two strings. For example, if you write:
message = "Hello" + "World"
...then the variable message becomes the string "Hello World")
In the first statement, x becomes the string "The answer is 42." In the second, y becomes the string "42 is the answer."

4. Literals

You use literals to represent values in JavaScript. These are fixed values, not variables, that you literally provide in your script. Examples of literals include: 1234, "This is a literal," and true.

4.1. Integers

Integers can be expressed in decimal (base 10), hexadecimal (base 16), and octal (base 8). A decimal integer literal consists of a sequence of digits without a leading 0 (zero). A leading 0 (zero) on an integer literal indicates it is in octal; a leading 0x (or 0X) indicates hexadecimal. Hexadecimal integers can include digits (0-9) and the letters a-f and A-F. Octal integers can include only the digits 0-7.
Some examples of integer literals are: 42, 0xFFF, and -345.

4.2. Floating-point literals

A floating-point literal can have the following parts: a decimal integer, a decimal point ("."), a fraction (another decimal number), an exponent, and a type suffix. The exponent part is an "e" or "E" followed by an integer, which can be signed (preceded by "+" or "-"). A floating-point literal must have at least one digit, plus either a decimal point or "e" (or "E").
Some examples of floating-point literals are 3.1415, -3.1E12, .1e12, and 2E-12

4.3. Boolean literals

The Boolean type has two literal values: true and false.

4.4. String literals

A string literal is zero or more characters enclosed in double (") or single (') quotation marks. A string must be delimited by quotation marks of the same type; that is, either both single quotation marks or double quotation marks. The following are examples of string literals:

"blah"
'blah'
"1234"
"one line \n another line"

In addition to ordinary characters, you can also include special characters in strings, as shown in the last element in the preceding list. The following table lists the special characters that you can use in JavaScript strings.

Character	Meaning
\b	backspace
\f	form feed
\n	new line
\r	carriage return
\t	tab
\\	backslash character

4.5. Escaping characters

For characters not listed in the preceding table, a preceding backslash is ignored, with the exception of a quotation mark and the backslash character itself.
You can insert quotation marks inside strings by preceding them with a backslash. This is known as escaping the quotation marks. For example,

var quote = "He read \"The Cremation of Sam McGee\" by R.W. Service."
document.write(quote)

The result of this would be

He read "The Cremation of Sam McGee" by R.W. Service.

To include a literal backslash inside a string, you must escape the backslash character. For example, to assign the file path c:\temp to a string, use the following:
var home = "c:\\temp"

5. Arrays

An Array is an object which stores multiple values and has various properties. When you declare an array, you must declare the name of it, and then how many values it will need to store. It is important to realize that each value is stored in one of the elements of the array, and these elements start at 0. This means that the first value in the array is really in the 0 element, and the second number is really in the first element. So for example, if I want to store 10 values in my array, the storage elements would range from 0-9.
The notation for declaring an array looks like this:
myArray = new Array(10); foo = new Array(5);
Initially, all values are set to null. The notation for assigning values to each unit within the array looks like this:

myArray[0] = 56;
myArray[1] = 23;
myArray[9] = 44;

By putting the element number in brackets [ ] after the array's name, you can assign a value to that specific element. Note that there is no such element, in this example, as myArray[10]. Remember, the elements begin at myArray[0] and go up to myArray[9].
In JavaScript, however, an array's length increases if you assign a value to an element higher than the current length of the array. The following code creates an array of length zero, then assigns a value to element 99. This changes the length of the array to 100.

colors = new Array();
colors[99] = "midnightblue";

Be careful to reference the right cells, and make sure to reference them properly!
Because arrays are objects, they have certain properties that are pre-defined for your convenience. For example, you can find out how many elements myArray has and store this value in a variable callednumberOfElements by using:
numberOfElements = myArray.length;

6. Operators

JavaScript has many different operators, which come in several flavors, including binary. This tutorial will cover some of the most essential assignment, comparison, arithmetic and logical operators.

6.1. Selected assignment operators

An assignment operator assigns a value to its left operand based on the value of its right operand. The basic assignment operator is equal (=), which assigns the value of its right operand to its left operand. The other operators are shorthand for standard operations. Find an abridged list of shorthand operators below:

Shorthand operator	Meaning
x += y	x = x + y
x -= y	x = x - y
x *= y	x = x * y
x /= y	x = x / y

Note that the = sign here refers to assignment, not "equals" in the mathematical sense. So if x is 5 and y is 7, x = x + y is not a valid mathematical expression, but it works in JavaScript. It makes x the value of x + y (12 in this case).
EXAMPLES: If x = 10 and y = 2, x += y would mean x = x + y, hence x's new value would be the sum of x's previous value plus y's previous value. Upon executing x = x + y = 10 + 2, x's new value becomes 12, while y's new value remains equal to its old value. Similarly, x -= y would change x's value to 8. Calculate x *= y and x /= y to get a better idea of how these operators work.

6.2. Comparison operators

A comparison operator compares its operands and returns a logical value based on whether the comparison is true or not. The operands can be numerical or string values. When used on string values, the comparisons are based on the standard lexicographical ordering. They are described in the following table.

Operator	Description	Example
Equal (= =)	Evaluates to true if the operands are equal.	x == y evaluates to true if x equals y.
Not equal (!=)	Evaluates to true if the operands are not equal.	x != y evaluates to true if x is not equal to y.
Greater than (>)	Evaluates to true if left operand is greater than right operand.	x > y evaluates to true if x is greater than y.
Greater than or equal (>=)	Evaluates to true if left operand is greater than or equal to right operand.	x >= y evaluates to true if x is greater than or equal to y.
Less than (<)	Evaluates to true if left operand is less than right operand.	x < y evaluates to true if x is less than y.
Less than or equal (<=)	Evaluates to true if left operand is less than or equal to right operand.	x <= y evaluates to true if x is less than or equal to y.

EXAMPLES: 5 == 5 would return TRUE. 5 != 5 would return FALSE. (The statement 'Five is not equal to five.' is patently false.) 5 <= 5 would return TRUE. (Five is less than or equal to five. More precisely, it's exactly equal to five, but JavaScript could care less about boring details like that.)

6.3. Selected Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators take numerical values (either literals or variables) as their operands and return a single numerical value. The standard arithmetic operators are addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division (/) and remainder (%). These operators work as they do in other programming languages, as well as in standard algebra.
Since programmers frequently need to add or subtract 1 from a variable, JavaScript has shortcuts for doing this. myVar++ adds one to the value of myVar, while myVar-- subtracts one from myVar.
EXAMPLES: Let x = 3. x++ bumps x up to 4, while x-- makes x equal to 2.

6.4. Logical Operators

Logical operators take Boolean (logical) values as operands and return a Boolean value. That is, they evaluate whether each subexpression within a Boolean expression is true or false, and then execute the operation on the respective truth values. Consider the following table:

Operator	Usage	Description
and (&&)	expr1 && expr2	True if both logical expressions expr1 and expr2 are true. False otherwise.
or (\|\|)	expr1 \|\| expr2	True if either logical expression expr1 or expr2 is true. False if both expr1 and expr2 are false.
not (!)	!expr	False if expr is true; true if expr is false.

EXAMPLES: Since we have now learned to use the essential operators, we can use them in conjunction with one another. See if you can work out why the following examples resolve the way they do:
If x = 4 and y = 7, ((x + y + 2) == 13) && (((x + y) / 2) == 2) returns FALSE.
If x = 4 and y = 7, ((y - x + 9) == 12) || ((x * y) == 2) returns TRUE.
If x = 4 and y = 7, !((x/2 + y) == 9) || ((x * (y/2)) == 2) returns FALSE.

7. Using JavaScript Objects

When you load a document in your web browser, it creates a number of JavaScript objects with properties and capabilities based on the HTML in the document and other pertinent information. These objects exist in a hierarchy that reflects the structure of the HTML page itself.
The pre-defined objects that are most commonly used are the window and document objects. The window has methods that allow you to create new windows with the open() and close() methods. It also allows you to create message boxes using alert(), confirm(), and prompt(). Each displays the text that you put between the parentheses. For example, the following code:
alert("This is an alert box")
...pops up an alert box displaying the given message. Try it yourself by clicking on this link.
The document object models the HTML page. The document object contains arrays which store all the components constituting the contents of your web page, such as images, links, and forms. You can access and call methods on these elements of your web page through the arrays.
The objects in this pre-defined hierarchy can be accessed and modified. To refer to specific properties, you must specify the property name and all its ancestors, spelling out the complete hierarchy until thedocument object. A period, '.', is used in between each object and the name of its property. Generally, a property / object gets its name from the NAME attribute of the HTML tag. For example, the following refers to the value property of a text field named text1 in a form named myform in the current document.

document.myform.text1.value

Form elements can also be accessed through the aforementioned forms array of the document object. In the above example, if the form named myform was the first form on the page, and text1 was the third field in the form, the following also refers to that field's value property.

document.forms[0].elements[2].value

Functions (capabiltiies) of an object can similarly be accessed using the period notation. For example, the following instruction resets the 2nd form in the document.

document.forms[2].reset();

Click on one of the objects below to view the Netscape documentation on the specific properties and methods that that object has:

8. Functions

Functions are one of the fundamental building blocks in JavaScript. A function is a JavaScript procedure -- a set of statements that performs a specific task. A function definition has these basic parts:

The function keyword
A function name
A comma-separated list of arguments to the function in parentheses
The statements in the function in curly braces: { }

8.1. Defining a Function

When defining a function, it is very important that you pay close attention to the syntax. Unlike HTML, JavaScript is case sensitive, and it is very important to remember to enclose a function within curly braces { }, separate parameters with commas, and use a semi-colon at the end of your line of code.
It's important to understand the difference between defining and calling a function.
Defining the function names the function and specifies what to do when the function is called. You define a function within the <SCRIPT>...</SCRIPT> tags within the <HEAD>...</HEAD> tags. In defining a function, you must also declare the variables which you will be calling in that function.
Here's an example of defining a function:

function popupalert() {

  alert('This is an alert box.');

}

Notice the parentheses after the function name. It is imperative that you include these parentheses, even if they are empty. If you want to pass a parameter into the function, you would include that parameter inside of the parentheses. A parameter is a bit of extra information that cn be different each time the function is run. It is stored in a variable and can be accessed just like any other variable. Here's an example of a function that takes a parameter:

function anotherAlert(word) {

  alert(word + ' is the word that you clicked on');

}

When you call this function, you need to pass a parameter (such as the word that the user clicked on) into the function. Then the function can use this information. You can pass in a different word as a parameter each time you call the function, and the alert box will change appropriately. You'll see how to pass a parameter a little later on.You can pass in multiple parameters, by separating them with a comma. You would want to pass in a few parameters if you have more than one variable that you either want to change or use in your function. Here are two examples of passing in multiple parameters when you are defining the function:

function secondAlert(word,password) {

  confirm(word + ' is the word that you clicked on. The

    secret password is ' + password);

}



function thirdAlert(word,password) {

  confirm(word + ' is the word you clicked on. Please

    take note of the password, ' + password);

}

You'll notice that the same parameters are passed into both of these functions. However, you can pass in whatever values you want to use (see this same example below in calling the function).

8.2. Calling a Function

Calling the function actually performs the specified actions. When you call a function, this is usually within the BODY of the HTML page, and you usually pass a parameter into the function. A parameter is a variable from outside of the defined function on which the function will act.

Here's an example of calling the same function:
popupalert();For the other example, this is how you may call it:

<A HREF="#top" onClick="anotherAlert('top')">top</A>

This would bring you to the top of the page, and bring up an alert box that said: "top is the word you clicked on" Try it for yourself: top
Here is the same example with multiple parameters that was shown above:

<A HREF="#top" onClick="secondAlert('awesome','pandas')">awesome</A>

<A HREF="#top" onClick="thirdAlert('computers','insert')">computers</A>

You'll notice in the code that different values for the variables word and password are passed in. These values here are what the function will need to perform the actions in the function. Make sure that the values you pass in are in the correct order because the function will take them in and assign these values to the parameters in the parentheses of the function declaration. Once you pass values into your function, you can use them however you want within your function.
Try it for yourself:
When you click on the words below, a confirmation box will pop up and then the link will bring you to the top of the page.
awesome
computers

9. If/Else Statements

if statements execute a set of commands if a specified condition is true. If the condition is false, another set of statements can be executed through the use of the else keyword.
The main idea behind if statements is embodied by the sentence: "If the weather's good tomorrow, we'll go out and have a picnic and Lisa will do cartwheels -- else, we'll stay in and Catherine will watch TV."
As you can see, the idea is quite intuitive and, surprisingly enough, so is the syntax:

if (condition) {
 statements1
}

-or-

if (condition) {
 statements1
}
else {
 statements2
}

(An if statement does not require an else statement following it, but an else statement must be preceded by an if statement.)
condition can be any JavaScript expression that evaluates to true or false. Parentheses are required around the condition. If condition evaluates to true, the statements in statements1 are executed.
statements1 and statements2 can be any JavaScript statements, including further nested if statements. Multiple statements must be enclosed in braces.

Here's an example:

if (weather == 'good') {
 go_out(we);
 have_a_picnic(we);
 do_cartwheels(Lisa);
}
else {
 stay_in(we);
 watch_TV(Catherine);
}

10. Loops

Loops are an incredibly useful programming tool. Loops handle repetitive tasks extremely well, especially in the context of consecutive elements. Arrays immediately spring too mind here, since array elements are numbered consecutively. It would be quite intuitive (and equally practical), for instance, to write a loop that added 1 to each element within an array. Don't worry if this doesn't make a lot of sense now, it will, after you finish reading the tutorial.

The two most common types of loops are for and while loops:

10.1. for Loops

A for loop constitutes a statement which consists of three expressions, enclosed in parentheses and separated by semicolons, followed by a block of statements executed in the loop.
This definition may, at first, sound confusing. Indeed, it is hard to understand for loops without seeing them in action.
A for loop resembles the following:

for (initial-expression; condition; increment-expression) {
 statements
}

The initial-expression is a statement or variable declaration. (See the section on variables for more information.) It is typically used to initialize a counter variable. This expression may optionally declare new variables with the var keyword.

The condition is evaluated on each pass through the loop. If this condition evaluates to true, the statements in statements are performed. When the condition evaluates to false, the execution of the for loop stops. This conditional test is optional. If omitted, the condition always evaluates to true.

The increment-expression is generally used to update or increment the counter variable.

The statements constitute a block of statements that are executed as long as condition evaluates to true. This can be a single statement or multiple statements. Although not required, it is good practice to indent these statements from the beginning of the for statement to make your code more readable.

Check out the following for statement. It starts by declaring the variable i and initializing it to zero. It checks whether i is less than nine, performs the two successive statements, and increments i by one after each pass through the loop:

var n = 0;
for (var i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
 n += i;
 alert("The value of n is now " + n);
}

Try it yourself: Click this link

10.2. while Loops

The while loop, although most people would not recognize it as such, is for's twin. The two can fill in for one another - using either one is only a matter of convenience or preference according to context.while creates a loop that evaluates an expression, and if it is true, executes a block of statements. The loop then repeats, as long as the specified condition is true.The syntax of while differs slightly from that of for:

while (condition) {
 statements
}

condition is evaluated before each pass through the loop. If this condition evaluates to true, the statements in the succeeding block are performed. When condition evaluates to false, execution continues with the statement following statements.statements is a block of statements that are executed as long as the condition evaluates to true. Although not required, it is good practice to indent these statements from the beginning of the statement.
The following while loop iterates as long as n is less than three.

var n = 0;
var x = 0;
while(n < 3) {
 n++;
 x += n;
 alert("The value of n is " + n + ". The value of x is " + x);
}

Try it for yourself: Click this link

11. Commenting

Comments allow you to write notes to yourself within your program. These are important because they allow someone to browse your code and understand what the various functions do or what your variables represent. Comments also allow you to understand your code if it's been a while since you last looked at it.In JavaScript, you can write both one-line comments and multiple line comments. The notation for each is different though. For a one line comment, you precede your comment with //. This indicates that everything written on that line, after the //, is a comment and the program should disregard it.
For a multiple-line comment, you start with /* and end with */ . It is nice to put an * at the beginning of each line just so someone perusing your code realizes that he/she is looking at a comment (if it is really long this helps). This is not necessary though.
The following are examples of comments in JavaScript.

// This is a single line comment.

/* This is a multiple line comment with only one line. */

/* This is a multiple line comment.
 * The star (*) at the beginning of this line is optional.
 * So is the star at the beginning of this line. */

Java Building a Simple Web Service ?

2012-07-05T20:47:00.003-07:00

Installation

Install JDK (in D:\j2sdk1.4.2_04)

Install Tomcat (in E:\Tomcat5.5)

Install Eclipse (in E:\Eclipse3.1)

Install Lomboz (in E:\Eclipse3.1)

· Setting up

Set up the installed JRE in eclipse (Windows -> Preferences -> Java -> Installed JREs)

Set up the installed runtime for server in eclipse (Windows -> Preferences -> Server -> Installed Runtimes)

Set up the Server view in eclipse (Windows -> Show View -> Other)

Set up the Tomcat Server by right clicking and selecting New -> Server option from the Server view in eclipse

· Creating a Web service

Create a new Dynamic Web Project in eclipse (File -> New -> Other)

Enter name as ?WebServiceTutorial?, select project location as ?E:\Test? and select Apache Tomcat v5.5 as the Target server.

Now create a new Java class from the Project Explorer (Dynamic Web Projects -> Java Source -> New -> Class)

Enter name as ?Hello? and package as ?com.tutorial?.

Add a simple method in the ?Hello? class as below.

public String sayHello(String name){

return "Hello " + name;

}

Save and build the project.
Create a new Web service in eclipse (File -> New -> Other)

Select Generate a proxy.
Select Test the Web service.
Select Overwrite files without warning.

Select or enter the Bean name as ?com.tutorial.Hello?. This is the java class that we just now created.

Continue the wizard by clicking Next and finish.
On Finish, the Tomcat server starts up and launches the Test client.
Verify the generated contents. Look for Hello.class and the generated JSPs as below.

Verify the Tomcat folder and ensure the newly created web applications ? WebServiceTutorial, WebServiceTutorialClient.

We can also run the following url from the browser to access/test the Web service.

http://localhost:8080/WebServiceTutorialClient/sampleHelloProxy/TestClient.jsp

If servlet error ?org.eclipse.jst.ws.util.JspUtils cannot be resolved or is not a type? is thrown on the browser, then copy the webserviceutils.jar file from the E:\Eclipse3.1\eclipse\plugins\org.eclipse.jst.ws.consumption_0.7.0 into the WEB-INF\lib folder of the WebServiceTutorialClient application and restart the Tomcat server.

The browser displays the methods available in the web service.

Click on the sayHello(..) method, enter your name (for e.g. ?Jeeva?) in the inputs section and click ?Invoke?.

The browser greets using the web service.

The WSDL for the Hello Web service can be found in E:\Test\WebServiceTutorial\WebContent\wsdl\Hello.wsdl. On double-click, the WSDL opens in a graphical editor.

Right-click on the WSDL file and explore the options to test the web service / publish the WSDL file / generate client / etc.

PHP Mail Functions

2012-07-05T20:44:00.002-07:00

PHP Mail Introduction

The mail() function allows you to send emails directly from a script.

Requirements

For the mail functions to be available, PHP requires an installed and working email system. The program to be used is defined by the configuration settings in the php.ini file.

Installation

The mail functions are part of the PHP core. There is no installation needed to use these functions.

Runtime Configuration

The behavior of the mail functions is affected by settings in the php.ini file.

Mail configuration options:

Name	Default	Description	Changeable
SMTP	"localhost"	Windows only: The DNS name or IP address of the SMTP server	PHP_INI_ALL
smtp_port	"25"	Windows only: The SMTP port number. Available since PHP 4.3	PHP_INI_ALL
sendmail_from	NULL	Windows only: Specifies the "from" address to be used in email sent from PHP	PHP_INI_ALL
sendmail_path	NULL	Unix systems only: Specifies where the sendmail program can be found (usually /usr/sbin/sendmail or /usr/lib/sendmail)	PHP_INI_SYSTEM

PHP Mail Functions

PHP: indicates the earliest version of PHP that supports the function.

Function	Description	PHP
ezmlm_hash()	Calculates the hash value needed by the EZMLM mailing list system	3
mail()	Allows you to send emails directly from a script	3

how to call java webservice in vb 6

2012-07-05T20:35:00.000-07:00

I am trying to call java web service method in vb6, but always error..
i use SOAP type library v 3.0..
The error is :

Client : Incorrect number of parameters supplied for SOAP request
HRESULT=0x80070057: The parameters is incorrect.
- CLient:Unspecified client error, HRESULT=0x080070057: The parameter is incorrect

this is my listing code :

Private Sub Command8_Click()
 
Dim clientSOAP As SoapClient30
Set clientSOAP = New SoapClient30
Dim port As New WSDLPort
 
clientSOAP.mssoapinit "http://dealerhondabali.com:8080/TambahSPKService/TambahSPKService?WSDL;
 
Dim nResult As Integer
Dim strResult As String
 
'================method insertDataSPK===============
Dim spkTanggal As String
Dim posId As String
Dim slsId As String
Dim spkNoKtpFakturStnk As String
Dim spkNamaFakturStnk As String
Dim spkAlamatFakturStnk As String
Dim spkKelurahanFakturStnk As String
Dim spkJenisPenjualan As Integer
Dim spkLeasing As String
Dim spkDownPayment As String
Dim spkTenor As String
Dim spkJenisBunga As String
Dim dlrCodeHso As String
Dim createBy As String
Dim createDate As String
Dim updateBy As String
Dim updateDate As String
 
spkTanggal = "21/06/2012"
posId = "09221001"
slsId = "203872"
spkNoKtpFakturStnk = "5108023112790062"
spkNamaFakturStnk = "I Made Testing"
spkAlamatFakturStnk = "Jalan street gang line"
spkKelurahanFakturStnk = "14"
spkJenisPenjualan = "1"
spkLeasing = "1"
spkDownPayment = "500000"
spkTenor = "36"
spkJenisBunga = "menurun"
dlrCodeHso = "00637"
createBy = "user"
createDate = "21/06/2012"
updateBy = "user"
updateDate = "21/06/2012"
 
nResult = clientSOAP.insertDataSPK(spkTanggal, posId, slsId, spkNoKtpFakturStnk, spkNamaFakturStnk, _
spkAlamatFakturStnk, spkKelurahanFakturStnk, spkJenisPenjualan, _
spkLeasing, spkDownPayment, spkTenor, spkJenisBunga, dlrCodeHso, createBy, _
createDate, updateBy, updateDate)
 
End Sub

PHP MySQL Functions

2012-07-05T20:17:00.000-07:00

PHP MySQL Introduction

The MySQL functions allows you to access MySQL database servers.

Installation

For the MySQL functions to be available, you must compile PHP with MySQL support.

For compiling, use --with-mysql=DIR (the optional DIR points to the MySQL directory).

Note: For full functionality of MySQL versions greater than 4.1., use the MySQLi extension instead. If you would like to install both the mysql extension and the mysqli extension you should use the same client library to avoid any conflicts.

Installation on Linux Systems

PHP 5+: MySQL and the MySQL library is not enabled by default. Use the --with-mysql=DIRconfigure option to include MySQL support and download headers and libraries fromwww.mysql.com.

Installation on Windows Systems

PHP 5+: MySQL is not enabled by default, so the php_mysql.dll must be enabled inside of php.ini. Also, PHP needs access to the MySQL client library. A file named libmysql.dll is included in the Windows PHP distribution, and in order for PHP to talk to MySQL this file needs to be available to the Windows systems PATH.

To enable any PHP extension, the PHP extension_dir setting (in the php.ini file) should be set to the directory where the PHP extensions are located. An example extension_dir value is c:\php\ext.

Note: If you get the following error when starting the web server: "Unable to load dynamic library './php_mysql.dll'", this is because php_mysql.dll or libmysql.dll cannot be found by the system.

Runtime Configuration

The behavior of the MySQL functions is affected by settings in the php.ini file.

MySQL configuration options:

Name	Default	Description	Changeable
mysql.allow_persistent	"1"	Whether or not to allow persistent connections	PHP_INI_SYSTEM
mysql.max_persistent	"-1"	The maximum number of persistent connections per process	PHP_INI_SYSTEM
mysql.max_links	"-1"	The maximum number of connections per process (persistent connections included)	PHP_INI_SYSTEM
mysql.trace_mode	"0"	Trace mode. When set to "1", warnings and SQL-errors will be displayed. Available since PHP 4.3	PHP_INI_ALL
mysql.default_port	NULL	The default TCP port number to use	PHP_INI_ALL
mysql.default_socket	NULL	The default socket name to use. Available since PHP 4.0.1	PHP_INI_ALL
mysql.default_host	NULL	The default server host to use (doesn't apply in SQL safe mode)	PHP_INI_ALL
mysql.default_user	NULL	The default user name to use (doesn't apply in SQL safe mode)	PHP_INI_ALL
mysql.default_password	NULL	The default password to use (doesn't apply in SQL safe mode)	PHP_INI_ALL
mysql.connect_timeout	"60"	Connection timeout in seconds	PHP_INI_ALL

Resource Types

There are two resource types used in the MySQL extension. The first one is the link_identifier for a database connection, the second is a resource which holds the result of a query.

Note: Most MySQL functions accept link_identifier as the last optional parameter. If it is not provided, the last opened connection is used.

PHP MySQL Functions

PHP: indicates the earliest version of PHP that supports the function.

Function	Description	PHP
mysql_affected_rows()	Returns the number of affected rows in the previous MySQL operation	3
mysql_change_user()	Deprecated. Changes the user of the current MySQL connection	3
mysql_client_encoding()	Returns the name of the character set for the current connection	4
mysql_close()	Closes a non-persistent MySQL connection	3
mysql_connect()	Opens a non-persistent MySQL connection	3
mysql_create_db()	Deprecated. Creates a new MySQL database. Use mysql_query() instead	3
mysql_data_seek()	Moves the record pointer	3
mysql_db_name()	Returns a database name from a call to mysql_list_dbs()	3
mysql_db_query()	Deprecated. Sends a MySQL query. Use mysql_select_db() and mysql_query() instead	3
mysql_drop_db()	Deprecated. Deletes a MySQL database. Use mysql_query() instead	3
mysql_errno()	Returns the error number of the last MySQL operation	3
mysql_error()	Returns the error description of the last MySQL operation	3
mysql_escape_string()	Deprecated. Escapes a string for use in a mysql_query. Use mysql_real_escape_string() instead	4
mysql_fetch_array()	Returns a row from a recordset as an associative array and/or a numeric array	3
mysql_fetch_assoc()	Returns a row from a recordset as an associative array	4
mysql_fetch_field()	Returns column info from a recordset as an object	3
mysql_fetch_lengths()	Returns the length of the contents of each field in a result row	3
mysql_fetch_object()	Returns a row from a recordset as an object	3
mysql_fetch_row()	Returns a row from a recordset as a numeric array	3
mysql_field_flags()	Returns the flags associated with a field in a recordset	3
mysql_field_len()	Returns the maximum length of a field in a recordset	3
mysql_field_name()	Returns the name of a field in a recordset	3
mysql_field_seek()	Moves the result pointer to a specified field	3
mysql_field_table()	Returns the name of the table the specified field is in	3
mysql_field_type()	Returns the type of a field in a recordset	3
mysql_free_result()	Free result memory	3
mysql_get_client_info()	Returns MySQL client info	4
mysql_get_host_info()	Returns MySQL host info	4
mysql_get_proto_info()	Returns MySQL protocol info	4
mysql_get_server_info()	Returns MySQL server info	4
mysql_info()	Returns information about the last query	4
mysql_insert_id()	Returns the AUTO_INCREMENT ID generated from the previous INSERT operation	3
mysql_list_dbs()	Lists available databases on a MySQL server	3
mysql_list_fields()	Deprecated. Lists MySQL table fields. Use mysql_query() instead	3
mysql_list_processes()	Lists MySQL processes	4
mysql_list_tables()	Deprecated. Lists tables in a MySQL database. Use mysql_query() instead	3
mysql_num_fields()	Returns the number of fields in a recordset	3
mysql_num_rows()	Returns the number of rows in a recordset	3
mysql_pconnect()	Opens a persistent MySQL connection	3
mysql_ping()	Pings a server connection or reconnects if there is no connection	4
mysql_query()	Executes a query on a MySQL database	3
mysql_real_escape_string()	Escapes a string for use in SQL statements	4
mysql_result()	Returns the value of a field in a recordset	3
mysql_select_db()	Sets the active MySQL database	3
mysql_stat()	Returns the current system status of the MySQL server	4
mysql_tablename()	Deprecated. Returns the table name of field. Use mysql_query() instead	3
mysql_thread_id()	Returns the current thread ID	4
mysql_unbuffered_query()	Executes a query on a MySQL database (without fetching / buffering the result)	4

PHP MySQL Constants

Since PHP 4.3 it has been possible to specify additional flags for the mysql_connect() and mysql_pconnect() functions:

PHP: indicates the earliest version of PHP that supports the constant.

Constant	Description	PHP
MYSQL_CLIENT_COMPRESS	Use compression protocol	4.3
MYSQL_CLIENT_IGNORE_SPACE	Allow space after function names	4.3
MYSQL_CLIENT_INTERACTIVE	Allow interactive timeout seconds of inactivity before closing the connection	4.3
MYSQL_CLIENT_SSL	Use SSL encryption (only available with version 4+ of the MySQL client library)	4.3

The mysql_fetch_array() function uses a constant for the different types of result arrays. The following constants are defined:

Constant	Description	PHP
MYSQL_ASSOC	Columns are returned into the array with the fieldname as the array index
MYSQL_BOTH	Columns are returned into the array having both a numerical index and the fieldname as the array index
MYSQL_NUM	Columns are returned into the array having a numerical index (index starts at 0)

PHP Date / Time Functions

2012-07-05T20:06:00.002-07:00

PHP Date / Time Introduction

The date/time functions allow you to extract and format the date and time on the server.

Note: These functions depend on the locale settings of the server!

Installation

The date/time functions are part of the PHP core. There is no installation needed to use these functions.

Runtime Configuration

The behavior of the date/time functions is affected by settings in php.ini.

Date/Time configuration options:

Name	Default	Description	Changeable
date.default_latitude	"31.7667"	Specifies the default latitude (available since PHP 5). This option is used by date_sunrise() and date_sunset()	PHP_INI_ALL
date.default_longitude	"35.2333"	Specifies the default longitude (available since PHP 5). This option is used by date_sunrise() and date_sunset()	PHP_INI_ALL
date.sunrise_zenith	"90.83"	Specifies the default sunrise zenith (available since PHP 5). This option is used by date_sunrise() and date_sunset()	PHP_INI_ALL
date.sunset_zenith	"90.83"	Specifies the default sunset zenith (available since PHP 5). This option is used by date_sunrise() and date_sunset()	PHP_INI_ALL
date.timezone	""	Specifies the default timezone (available since PHP 5.1)	PHP_INI_ALL

PHP Date / Time Functions

PHP: indicates the earliest version of PHP that supports the function.

Function	Description	PHP
checkdate()	Validates a Gregorian date	3
date_default_timezone_get()	Returns the default time zone	5
date_default_timezone_set()	Sets the default time zone	5
date_sunrise()	Returns the time of sunrise for a given day / location	5
date_sunset()	Returns the time of sunset for a given day / location	5
date()	Formats a local time/date	3
getdate()	Returns an array that contains date and time information for a Unix timestamp	3
gettimeofday()	Returns an array that contains current time information	3
gmdate()	Formats a GMT/UTC date/time	3
gmmktime()	Returns the Unix timestamp for a GMT date	3
gmstrftime()	Formats a GMT/UTC time/date according to locale settings	3
idate()	Formats a local time/date as integer	5
localtime()	Returns an array that contains the time components of a Unix timestamp	4
microtime()	Returns the microseconds for the current time	3
mktime()	Returns the Unix timestamp for a date	3
strftime()	Formats a local time/date according to locale settings	3
strptime()	Parses a time/date generated with strftime()	5
strtotime()	Parses an English textual date or time into a Unix timestamp	3
time()	Returns the current time as a Unix timestamp	3

PHP Date / Time Constants

PHP: indicates the earliest version of PHP that supports the constant.

Constant	Description	PHP
DATE_ATOM	Atom (example: 2005-08-15T16:13:03+0000)
DATE_COOKIE	HTTP Cookies (example: Sun, 14 Aug 2005 16:13:03 UTC)
DATE_ISO8601	ISO-8601 (example: 2005-08-14T16:13:03+0000)
DATE_RFC822	RFC 822 (example: Sun, 14 Aug 2005 16:13:03 UTC)
DATE_RFC850	RFC 850 (example: Sunday, 14-Aug-05 16:13:03 UTC)
DATE_RFC1036	RFC 1036 (example: Sunday, 14-Aug-05 16:13:03 UTC)
DATE_RFC1123	RFC 1123 (example: Sun, 14 Aug 2005 16:13:03 UTC)
DATE_RFC2822	RFC 2822 (Sun, 14 Aug 2005 16:13:03 +0000)
DATE_RSS	RSS (Sun, 14 Aug 2005 16:13:03 UTC)
DATE_W3C	World Wide Web Consortium (example: 2005-08-14T16:13:03+0000)

PHP Example - AJAX RSS Reader

2012-07-05T19:58:00.003-07:00

An RSS Reader is used to read RSS Feeds.

AJAX RSS Reader

The following example will demonstrate an RSS reader, where the RSS-feed is loaded into a webpage without reloading:

Example Explained - The HTML Page

When a user selects an RSS-feed in the dropdown list above, a function called "showResult()" is executed. The function is triggered by the "onchange" event:

<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
function showRSS(str)
{
if (str.length==0)
  {
  document.getElementById("rssOutput").innerHTML="";
  return;
  }
if (window.XMLHttpRequest)
  {// code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari
  xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest();
  }
else
  {// code for IE6, IE5
  xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
  }
xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function()
  {
  if (xmlhttp.readyState==4 && xmlhttp.status==200)
    {
    document.getElementById("rssOutput").innerHTML=xmlhttp.responseText;
    }
  }
xmlhttp.open("GET","getrss.php?q="+str,true);
xmlhttp.send();
}
</script>
</head>
<body>

<form>
<select onchange="showRSS(this.value)">
<option value="">Select an RSS-feed:</option>
<option value="Google">Google News</option>
<option value="MSNBC">MSNBC News</option>
</select>
</form>
<br />
<div id="rssOutput">RSS-feed will be listed here...</div>
</body>
</html>

The showResult() function does the following:

Check if an RSS-feed is selected
Create an XMLHttpRequest object
Create the function to be executed when the server response is ready
Send the request off to a file on the server
Notice that a parameter (q) is added to the URL (with the content of the dropdown list)

The PHP File

The page on the server called by the JavaScript above is a PHP file called "getrss.php":

<?php
//get the q parameter from URL
$q=$_GET["q"];

//find out which feed was selected
if($q=="Google")
  {
  $xml=("http://news.google.com/news?ned=us&topic=h&output=rss");
  }
elseif($q=="MSNBC")
  {
  $xml=("http://rss.msnbc.msn.com/id/3032091/device/rss/rss.xml");
  }

$xmlDoc = new DOMDocument();
$xmlDoc->load($xml);

//get elements from "<channel>"
$channel=$xmlDoc->getElementsByTagName('channel')->item(0);
$channel_title = $channel->getElementsByTagName('title')
->item(0)->childNodes->item(0)->nodeValue;
$channel_link = $channel->getElementsByTagName('link')
->item(0)->childNodes->item(0)->nodeValue;
$channel_desc = $channel->getElementsByTagName('description')
->item(0)->childNodes->item(0)->nodeValue;

//output elements from "<channel>"
echo("<p><a href='" . $channel_link
  . "'>" . $channel_title . "</a>");
echo("<br />");
echo($channel_desc . "</p>");

//get and output "<item>" elements
$x=$xmlDoc->getElementsByTagName('item');
for ($i=0; $i<=2; $i++)
  {
  $item_title=$x->item($i)->getElementsByTagName('title')
  ->item(0)->childNodes->item(0)->nodeValue;
  $item_link=$x->item($i)->getElementsByTagName('link')
  ->item(0)->childNodes->item(0)->nodeValue;
  $item_desc=$x->item($i)->getElementsByTagName('description')
  ->item(0)->childNodes->item(0)->nodeValue;

  echo ("<p><a href='" . $item_link
  . "'>" . $item_title . "</a>");
  echo ("<br />");
  echo ($item_desc . "</p>");
  }
?>

PHP Mail Functions

2012-07-05T19:52:00.000-07:00

PHP Mail Introduction

The mail() function allows you to send emails directly from a script.

Requirements

For the mail functions to be available, PHP requires an installed and working email system. The program to be used is defined by the configuration settings in the php.ini file.

Installation

The mail functions are part of the PHP core. There is no installation needed to use these functions.

Runtime Configuration

The behavior of the mail functions is affected by settings in the php.ini file.

Mail configuration options:

Name	Default	Description	Changeable
SMTP	"localhost"	Windows only: The DNS name or IP address of the SMTP server	PHP_INI_ALL
smtp_port	"25"	Windows only: The SMTP port number. Available since PHP 4.3	PHP_INI_ALL
sendmail_from	NULL	Windows only: Specifies the "from" address to be used in email sent from PHP	PHP_INI_ALL
sendmail_path	NULL	Unix systems only: Specifies where the sendmail program can be found (usually /usr/sbin/sendmail or /usr/lib/sendmail)	PHP_INI_SYSTEM

PHP Mail Functions

PHP: indicates the earliest version of PHP that supports the function.

Function	Description	PHP
ezmlm_hash()	Calculates the hash value needed by the EZMLM mailing list system	3
mail()	Allows you to send emails directly from a script	3

Calling Polygon in Google Maps

2012-07-05T19:10:00.001-07:00

Example

function Polygon(_nama, _points, _color, _info, _wlyID, _tipeRegion){

  //_color = get_random_color();

  var _polygon = new google.maps.Polygon({

   paths: _points,

   strokeColor: "#ffffff",

   strokeOpacity: 0.8,

   strokeWeight: 1,

   fillColor: _color,

   fillOpacity: 0.35

  });

  //Adding Listener

  google.maps.event.addListener(_polygon, "click", FUNC_infowindow);

  //Function Infowindow

  function FUNC_infowindow(event){

   var content_header = "Loading...";

   var content_config = "";

   var view_all_content = content_header + content_config;

   _infowindow.close();

   _infowindow = new google.maps.InfoWindow();

   google.maps.event.addListener(_infowindow, 'domready', function() {    

    if (_showRegionTipe=="kecamatan_populasi"){

     _infowindow.close();

     closeDialog();

     $("#dialog_container").load('dataKecamatan.php?kd_kec='+_wlyID+'&bulan='+global_bulan+'&tahun='+global_tahun);

    }

    if (_showRegionTipe=="kabupaten_populasi"){

     _infowindow.close();

     closeDialog();

     $("#dialog_container").load('dataKabupaten.php?kd_kab='+_wlyID+'&bulan='+global_bulan+'&tahun='+global_tahun);

    }

    else {

     $("#tabs").tabs();

    }

   });

   _infowindow.setContent(view_all_content);

   _infowindow.setPosition(event.latLng);

   _infowindow.open(map);

  };

  //return to fuction

  _tipeRegion.push(_polygon);

 };

Marker Google Maps in PHP + Radius

2012-07-05T19:06:00.003-07:00

function gambarMarker(_nama, _lokasi, _codeDealer, _namaArray, _tipeDealer, _iconimage, _circleColor, _namaArray2, _radius){

  var _shadowimage = '../icon/logo_dealer_shadow.png';

  var _marker = new google.maps.Marker({

   position: _lokasi,

   title: _nama,

   animation: google.maps.Animation.DROP,

   icon: _iconimage,

   shadow: _shadowimage

  });

 google.maps.event.addListener(_marker, "click", FUNC_infowindow);

 function FUNC_infowindow() {

   _infowindow.close();

  if (_tipeDealer=="tipe:HondaDealer"){

   closeDialog();

   $("#dialog_container").load('dataMarker.php?dlr='+_codeDealer);

  }

  };

  google.maps.event.addListener(_marker, "click", function(){

   _marker.setAnimation(google.maps.Animation.BOUNCE);

   setTimeout(function() {

    _marker.setAnimation(null);

   }, 2250);

  });

  //Return dari Fungsi Menggambar Marker

  _namaArray.push(_marker);

  if(_radius > 0){

   //Gambar Circle

   var _circle = new google.maps.Circle({

   strokeColor:  "000000",

   strokeOpacity: 0.8,

   strokeWeight: 2,

   fillColor:  _circleColor,

   fillOpacity: 0.35,

   center: _lokasi,

   radius: _radius

   });

   //_circle.bindTo('center', _marker, 'position');

   _namaArray2.push(_circle);

  }

 };

Web Services (Visual Basic)

2012-07-05T18:58:00.000-07:00

An Example

To understand, let's take a look at a hypothetical example. Imagine a class like this:

Dim ournews As NewsTicker= new NewsTicker()
Dim headline As String = ournews.GetHeadline(1)
Console.WriteLine(headline)

This could be a local function operating on your own machine, or it could be a web service. If it were a web service, the actual code that returns the headline might be running on some other machine somewhere on the internet. You don't have to know what it's doing; there might be a database on the other end of the service, a screen-scraper, or a carrier-pigeon-message translation service. The code on the remote webserver might be PHP, Java, Python, or COBOL. That's the point of web services.

Technical Background: SOAP

Under the hood, Mono uses a protocol called SOAP to make web services work just like other methods. In the example above, when GetHeadline() is called, Mono generates an XML file that describes an information request. It could look like this:

<webservice url="http://somenewsservice.com/webservice">
        <function name="GetHeadLine" >
                <int name="number" value="1" />
        </function>
</webservice>

In the real world it looks very different and much more complicated, but that's the basic logic. The remote webserver reads the request, interprets it, and runs some business logic. It sends back an XML response packet something like this:

<webservice url="http://somenewsservice.com/webservice">
        <function name="GetHeadLine" >
                <int name="return" value="This is some new from CNN" />
        </function>
</webservice>

Mono knows how to take XML response packets and turn them into data your application can use.

Internal Communication

In order to use a web service, Mono requires a descriptor file written in WSDL (Web Services Description Language). WSDL is an XML description of the API for a given web service. Mono's tool wsdl knows how to translate a WSDL file into a C# library that can run that web service. The local library file is a wrapper around the web service, but it gets installed into the GAC just like any other library.

Consuming Web Services

As an example of what can be done with web services, let's use a part of Google's publicly accessible web services, the Google spell checker. When you enter "spelll checker" in Google, it will ask you if you meant "spell checker". With the Google web service, you can use that function directly from C#.

First Steps: Creating the Local Stub

To create the local library that will invoke Google's web service, we'll use their WSDL file. You can get the Google WSDL files athttp://api.google.com/GoogleSearch.wsdl. To generate the C# stub source type:

wsdl http://api.google.com/GoogleSearch.wsdl -language:vb

This will result in GoogleSearchService.vb . Compile with:

vbnc /target:library GoogleSearchService.vb -r:System.Web.Services.dll,System.Xml.dll

The above command line instructs the compiler to generate a library, and to reference (-r:) the System.Web.Services library.

Now you have the final stub assembly: GoogleSearchService.dll

Google License key

Google does lock the web service with a special key. You can obtain a key at https://www.google.com/accounts/NewAccount. This key allows ~50 actions per day. You must replace my sample key with yours.

Application 1: The Google Spell Checker on a Webpage

We will start by using the spell checker on a simple web page. First you will have to drop the stub GoogleSearchService.dll in your ASP.NET bin directory. The example is very simple to understand.

<%@ Page Language="VB" %>
<script runat="Server">

Sub Page_Load (ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
    
 // Put your license key here
 Const licensekey As String = "FCszK/FQFHJWQE1n5OkeGmZAWzCFY5+7"
 
 // Create a Google Search object
 Dim Service1 As GoogleSearchService = new GoogleSearchService()
 
 // Ask for spelling suggestion
 // The first argument is your key
 // The second one, the text the user should enter.
 
 Dim suggestion As String = Service1.doSpellingSuggestion(licensekey, TextBox1.Text)
 
 // Display the suggestion, if any
 If suggestion Is Nothing Then
  Label1.Text = "[No suggestion]"
 Else 
  Label1.Text = suggestion
 End If
End Sub

</script>

<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello WebService!</h2>
<form runat="server">
<p><asp:TextBox id="TextBox1" runat="server"></asp:TextBox></p>
<p><asp:Label id="Label1" runat="server"></asp:Label></p>
<p><input type="submit" value="Submit" runat="server"></input></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>

This will look like this:

[Image:google.png]

The code where the web service is accessed is marked red. To test the service enter "spelll checker" for example, and watch it correct your spelling.

Application 2: A Console Application

You can also consume the WebService with a Console or Gtk# application. You'll need to reference GoogleSearchService.dll when you compile.

vbnc /r:GoogleSearchService.dll spellchecker.vb

The Code:

Imports System

Module UseWSInMono
    Public Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)

        Dim licensekey As String = "FCszK/FQFHJWQE1n5OkeGmZAWzCFY5+7"
        Dim Service1 As GoogleSearchService = New GoogleSearchService()
        Dim suggestion As String = Service1.doSpellingSuggestion(licensekey, args(0))

        Console.WriteLine(suggestion)
    End Sub
End Module

Documentation

If you want to do more, you will require documentation of the web service. For Google's API, one place to look is in the comments of the WSDL file. Individual web service providers are responsible for providing good documentation, though you may be able to use the C# introspection tools or read the source generated by wsdl for a slightly better idea of how any given web service works.