ALCOHOL REPORTS

Acetaldehyde as an underestimated risk factor for cancer development: role of genetics in ethanol metabolism

2009-11-06T23:52:00.003-05:00

Chronic ethanol consumption is a strong risk factor for the development of certain types of cancer including those of the upper aerodigestive tract, the liver, the large intestine and the female breast.Multiple mechanisms are involved in alcohol-mediated carcinogenesis. Among those the action of acetaldehyde (AA), the first metabolite of ethanol oxidation is of particular interest. AA is

Ethanol elevates physiological all-trans-retinoic acid levels in select loci through altering retinoid metabolism in multiple loci: a potential mechan

2009-11-06T23:37:00.001-05:00

All-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) supports embryonic development, central nervous system function, and the immune response. atRA initiates neurogenesis and dendritic growth in the hippocampus and is required for spatial memory; superphysiological atRA inhibits neurogenesis, causes teratology and/or embryo toxicity, and alters cognitive function and behavior. Because abnormal atRA shares

Alcohol-Induced Blackout

2009-11-06T23:26:00.002-05:00

For a long time, alcohol was thought to exert a general depressant effect on the central nervous system (CNS). However, currently the consensus is that specific regions of the brain are selectively vulnerable to the acute effects of alcohol. An alcohol-induced blackout is the classic example; the subject is temporarily unable to form new long-term memories while relatively maintaining other

Including a Screening and Brief Alcohol Intervention Program in the Care of the Obstetric Patient

2009-11-06T23:14:00.002-05:00

Alcohol is the drug most commonly abused by pregnant women and the leading cause of preventable birth defects across the United States.Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral for Treatment is a program developed by the Emergency Nurses Association that has demonstrated success in treating patients who have alcohol use disorders.This interventional program can be useful to perinatal

Teenage drinking, alcohol availability and pricing: a cross-sectional study of risk and protective factors for alcohol-related harms in school childre

2009-11-06T23:08:00.004-05:00

There is a lack of empirical analyses examining how alcohol consumption patterns in children relate to harms. Such intelligence is required to inform parents, children and policy relating to the provision and use of alcohol during childhood. Here, we examine drinking habits and associated harms in 15-16 year olds and explore how this can inform public health advice on child drinking.There is

Immigrant generation, selective acculturation, and alcohol use among Latina/o adolescents

2009-11-06T22:59:00.002-05:00

Do alcohol use and binge drinking among Latina/o adolescents increase in the second and third generation?This study explores generational differences in alcohol use behaviors for three Latina/o ethnic groups.For Mexican and Cuban adolescents, but not Puerto Ricans, immigrant generation was associated with alcohol use. For Mexican, but not Cuban adolescents, acculturation mediated the effect

Alcohol abuse prevention in young people: An economic simulation

2009-11-06T22:46:00.002-05:00

Severe alcohol abuse can lead to death and disability. A large number of educational programmes for young people's drinking behaviour have been developed to counteract alcohol abuse.The aim of this research was to assess whether those programmes are rational from an economic point of view. It relies on a systematic review of economic evaluation analysis providing evidence on the status of

Predicting Teenage Beliefs Concerning the Harm Alcohol and Cannabis Use may do in Eight European Countries

2009-11-06T21:07:00.002-05:00

Data are from the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and other Drugs (ESPAD) in eight countries (Sweden, United Kingdom, France, Malta, Slovenia, Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Czech Republic) in spring 2003. Two scales were constructed, measuring beliefs that alcohol and cannabis harm people. Relationships of these scales with measures of parental control, parental attitudes,

Self-esteem and gender influence the response to risk information among alcohol using college students

2009-11-06T20:57:00.002-05:00

Individuals with high self-esteem who engage in risky health behaviours often minimize the associated health risks; individuals with low self-esteem do not demonstrate such minimization. The influence of gender on health risk perceptions is less clear.This study examined the influences of gender and self-esteem upon college students' responses to an alcohol risk

Adolescent and young adult perceptions of Australian alcohol advertisements

2009-11-06T20:50:00.003-05:00

There is substantial evidence that children and youth are exposed to and recall alcohol advertising, and increasing evidence of associations between liking alcohol advertisements and under-age drinking. Alcohol advertising in Australia, as in many industrialized countries, is subject to a self-regulatory code developed and administered by the alcohol industry.The purpose of the current study

Female Substance Abuse Treatment Admissions Aged 12 to 17

2009-11-06T13:38:00.006-05:00