SUBASH BLOG

vettuthazhi (very help full for small wonds)

2015-04-15T18:57:00.001+05:00

Tridax procumbens

Edit
Watch this page

Tridax procumbens

Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Asterids
Order:	Asterales
Family:	Asteraceae
Tribe:	Heliantheae
Genus:	Tridax
Species:	T. procumbens
Binomial name
*Tridax procumbens* L.

Tridax procumbens, commonly known as coat buttons or tridax daisy, is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family. It is best known as a widespread weed and pest plant. It is native to the tropical Americas but it has been introduced to tropical, subtropical, and mild temperate regions worldwide. It is listed as a noxious weed in theUnited States and has pest status in nine states.^[1]

DescriptionEdit

Top view of the flower

The plant bears daisylike yellow-centered white or yellow flowers with three-toothed ray florets. The leaves are toothed and generally arrowhead-shaped. Its fruit is a hard achenecovered with stiff hairs and having a feathery, plumelike white pappus at one end. Calyx is represented by scales or reduced to pappus. The plant is invasive in part because it produces so many of these achenes, up to 1500 per plant, and each achene can catch the wind in its pappus and be carried some distance. This weed can be found in fields, meadows, croplands, disturbed areas, lawns, and roadsides in areas with tropical or semi-tropical climates.

Tridax procumbens

Chemical constituentsEdit

A new flavonoid (procumbenetin), isolated from the aerial parts of Tridax procumbens, has been characterised as 3,6-dimethoxy-5,7,2',3',4'-pentahydroxyflavone 7-O-β-D-gluco- pyranoside (1) on the basis of spectroscopic techniques and by chemical means. Tridax procumbens; Flavonoids Plant. Uses in traditional medicine. Commonly used in Indian traditional medicine as anticoagulant, hair tonic, antifungal and insect repellent, in bronchial catarrh, diarrhoea, dysentery, and wound healing. Previously isolated constituents. Alkyl esters, sterols, [5], pentacyclic triterpenes [5,6], fatty acids [7] and polysaccharides [8]. New isolated constituent. 3,6-Dimethoxy-5,7,2',3',4'-pentahydroxyflavone 7-O-β- D-glucopyranoside (1), named procumbetin Žyield: 0.016% on dried basis..

Human usesEdit

Tridax procumbens is known for several potential therapeutic activities like antiviral, anti oxidant antibiotic efficacies, wound healing activity, insecticidal and anti-inflammatory activity.^[2] Some reports from tribal areas in India state that the leaf juice can be used to cure fresh wounds, to stop bleeding, as a hair tonic. Despite these known benefits, it is still listed in the United States as a Noxious Weed and regulated under the Federal Noxious Weed Act.
A study by Gamboa-Leon (2014)^[3] showed that a mixture of Tridax procumbens and Allium sativum extracts was a promising natural treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis and that its healing effects made it a good candidate for a possible new phytomedicine. The mixture of Tridax procumbens and A. sativum extracts was better at controlling Leishmania mexicana infection while not being toxic when tested in the acute oral toxicity assay in mice.

Traditionally, Tridax procumbens has been in use in India for wound healing, as anticoagulant, antifungal and insect repellent. It is also used in diarrhoea and dysentery. Its leaf extracts were known to treat infectious skin diseases in folk medicines. It is a well-known ayurvedic medicine for liver disorders or hepato-protective nature besides gastritis and heart burn (Wani et al., 2010).

In humans, Tridax procumbens used as treatment for boils, blisters and cuts by local healers in Nalgonda and Warangal District of Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, India (Sreeramulu et al., 2013). A study had found anti-cancer properties of Tridax procumbens against human prostate epithelial cancer cell line PC 3 (Priya et al., 2011).

A study was carried out to verify the claims wherein tribal inhabitants of Udaipur district, Rajasthan were using the plant for treatment of diabetes. It was concluded that the results were comparable to that of reference standard Glibenclamide and theTridax procumbens flower extract showed antidiabetic properties (Pareek et al., 2009).

Phatak et al., (1991) has investigated the hair growth promoting activity of Tridax procumbens and the petroleum ether extract of Tridax procumbens was found to be effective in promoting hair growth in male wistar albino rats.

message settings for android

2014-03-12T15:33:00.001+05:00

1. Tap the Messaging icon

2. Tap the Menu key

3. Tap Settings

4. Tap Notifications

5. Ensure Notifications is ticked
6. Tap Text Message
7. Tap Service Centre Address
8. Ensure Service Center is set to +919840011003(for airtel Chennai)
9. Ensure Auto-Retrieve is ticked
10. Ensure MMS Validity is set to Maximum
11. Ensure Notifications is ticked
12. Tap the Home key to return to the home screen

Insulin Biosynthesis, Secretion, and Action

2014-02-28T10:13:00.000+05:00

Insulin Biosynthesis, Secretion, and Action

Biosynthesis

Insulin is produced in the beta ce ls of the pancreatic islets. It is initia ly synthesized as a single-chain 86-amino-acid precursor polypeptide, preproinsulin. Subsequent Proteolytic processing removes the amino terminal signal peptide, giving rise to proinsulin. Proinsulin is structura ly related to insulin-like growth factors I and II, which bind weakly to the insulin receptor. Cleavage of an internal 31-residue fragment from proinsulin generates the C peptide and the A (21 amino acids) and B (30 amino acids) chains of insulin, which are connected by disulfide bonds (Figure-1)The mature

insulin molecule and C peptide are stored together and co secreted from secretory granules in the beta ce ls. Because the C peptide is cleared more slowly than insulin, it is a useful marker of insulin secretion and a lows discrimination of endogenous and exogenous sources of insulin in the evaluation of hypoglycemia.

Figure-1-showing the synthesis of Insulin

Secretion

Glucose is the key regulator of insulin secretion by the pancreatic beta ce l, although amino acids, ketones, various nutrients, gastrointestinal peptides, and neurotransmitters also influence insulin secretion. Glucose levels > 3.9 mmol/L (70 mg/dL) stimulate insulin synthesis, primarily by enhancing protein translation and processing. Glucose stimulation of insulin secretion begins with its transport into the beta ce l by the GLUT2 glucose transporter. Glucose phosphorylation by glucokinase is the rate-limiting step that controls glucose-regulated insulin secretion. Further metabolism of glucose-

6-phosphate via Glycolysis generates ATP, which inhibits the activity of an ATP-sensitive K+ channel. This channel consists of two separate proteins: one is the binding site for certain oral hypoglycemic (e.g., sulfonylureas, meglitinides);

the other is an inwardly rectifying K+ channel protein Inhibition of this K+ channel induces beta ce l membrane depolarization, which opens voltage-dependent calcium channels (leading to an influx of calcium), and stimulates insulin secretion. (See figure-2)

Figure-2- showing mechanism of secretion of insulin

Insulin secretory profiles reveal a pulsatile pattern of hormone release, with sma l secretory bursts occurring about every

10 min, superimposed upon greater amplitude osci lations of about 80–150 min. Incretins are released from neuroendocrine ce ls of the gastrointestinal tract fo lowing food ingestion and amplify glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and suppress glucagon secretion (Figure-3). Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), the most potent incretin, is released

from L ce ls in the sma l intestine and that stimulates insulin secretion only when the blood glucose is above the fasting

level. Incretin analogues, such as exena-tide, are being used to enhance endogenous insulin secretion.

Figure-3- showing Insulin release. The release is more marked after oral glucose load due to the release of

Incretins from GIT.

Action

Once insulin is secreted into the portal venous system, ~50% is degraded by the liver. Unextracted insulin enters the systemic circulation where it binds to receptors in target sites.

Figure-4 -showing the structure of Insulin receptor.The receptor is composed of two extracellular α-subunits that are each linked to a ß-subunit and to each other by disulfide bonds.

Insulin binding to its receptor stimulates intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity (See figure -5) leading to receptor autophosphorylation and the recruitment of intrace lular signaling molecules, such as insulin receptor substrates (IRS). IRS and other adaptor proteins initiate a complex cascade of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation reactions, resulting in the widespread metabolic and mitogenic effects of insulin. As an example, activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3′-kinase (PI-3-kinase) pathway stimulates translocation of glucose transporters (e.g., GLUT4) to

the ce l surface, an event that is crucial for glucose uptake by skeletal muscle and fat. Activation of other insulin receptor signaling pathways induces glycogen synthesis, protein synthesis, lipogenesis, and regulation of various genes in insulin- responsive ce ls.

Figure-5- showing the mechanism of action of Insulin

Glucose homeostasis reflects a balance between hepatic glucose production and peripheral glucose uptake and utilization. Insulin is the most important regulator of this metabolic equilibrium, but neural input, metabolic signals, and other hormones (e.g., glucagon) result in integrated control of glucose supply and utilization.

In the fasting state, low insulin levels increase glucose production by promoting hepatic Gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis and reduce glucose uptake in insulin-sensitive tissues (skeletal muscle and fat), thereby promoting mobilization of stored precursors such as amino acids and free fatty acids (lipolysis). Glucagon, secreted by pancreatic alpha ce ls when blood glucose or insulin levels are low, stimulates glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis by the liver and renal medu la.

Figure-6- showing glucose homeostasis mediated by Insulin

Postprandia ly, the glucose load elicits a rise in insulin and fa l in glucagon, leading to a reversal of these processes( Figure-6). Insulin, an anabolic hormone, promotes the storage of carbohydrate and fat and protein synthesis. The major portion of postprandial glucose is utilized by skeletal muscle, an effect of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Other tissues, most notably the brain, utilize glucose in an insulin-independent fashion.

Insulin and Lipid Metabolism

The metabolic pathways for utilization of fats and carbohydrates are deeply and intricately intertwined. Considering insulin’s profound effects on carbohydrate metabolism, it stands to reason that insulin also has important effects on lipid metabolism, including the fo lowing:

Fatty acid synthesis-Insulin promotes synthesis of fatty acids in the liver. insulin is stimulatory to synthesis of glycogen in the liver. However, as glycogen accumulates to high levels (roughly 5% of liver mass), further synthesis is strongly suppressed.

When the liver is saturated with glycogen, any additional glucose taken up by hepatocytes is shunted into pathways leading to synthesis of fatty acids, which are exported from the liver as lipoproteins. The lipoproteins are ripped apart in the circulation, providing free fatty acids for use in other tissues, including adipocytes, which use them to synthesize triglyceride.

Fatty acid oxidation-Insulin inhibits breakdown of fat in adipose tissue by inhibiting the intrace lular lipase that hydrolyzes triglycerides to release fatty acids.

Synthesis of Glycerol-Insulin facilitates entry of glucose into adipocytes, and within those ce ls, glucose can be used to synthesize glycerol. This glycerol, along with the fatty acids delivered from the liver, are used to synthesize triglyceride

within the adipocyte. By these mechanisms, insulin is involved in further accumulation of triglyceride in fat ce ls.

From a whole body perspective, insulin has a fat-sparing effect. Not only does it drive most ce ls to preferentia ly oxidize carbohydrates instead of fatty acids for energy, insulin indirectly stimulates accumulation of fat in adipose tissue.

Figure-7 -showing the effect of Insulin of fatty acid synthesis and oxidation. Insulin inhibits hormone sensitive lipase and hence inhibits adipolysis.

Other Notable Effects of Insulin

Amino acid metabolism-In addition to insulin’s effect on entry of glucose into ce ls, it also stimulates the uptake of amino acids, again contributing to its overa l anabolic effect. When insulin levels are low, as in the fasting state, the balance is pushed toward intrace lular protein degradation.

Electrolyte balance-Insulin also increases the permeability of many ce ls to potassium, magnesium and phosphate ions. The effect on potassium is clinica ly important. Insulin activates sodium-potassium ATPases in many ce ls, causing a flux of potassium into ce ls. Under certain circumstances, injection of insulin can ki l patients because of its ability to acutely suppress plasma potassium concentrations.

Insulin Deficiency and Excess Diseases

Diabetes me litus, the most important metabolic disease ,is an insulin deficiency state. Two principal forms of this disease are recognized:

Type I or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is the result of a frank deficiency of insulin. The onset of this disease typica ly is in childhood. It is due to destruction pancreatic beta ce ls, most likely the result of autoimmunity to one or more components of those ce ls. Many of the acute effects of this disease can be contro led by insulin replacement therapy. Maintaining tight control of blood glucose concentrations by monitoring, treatment with insulin and dietary management wi l minimize the long-term adverse effects of this disorder on blood vessels, nerves and other organ systems, a lowing a healthy life.

Type II or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus begins as a syndrome of insulin resistance. That is, target tissues fail to respond appropriately to insulin. Typica ly, the onset of this disease is in adulthood. Despite monumental research efforts, the precise nature of the defects leading to type II diabetes have been difficult to ascertain, and the pathogenesis of this condition is plainly multifactorial. Obesity is clearly a major risk factor, but in some cases of extreme obesity in humans and animals, insulin sensitivity is normal. Because there is not, at least initia ly, an inability to secrete adequate amounts of insulin, insulin injections are not useful for therapy. Rather the disease is contro led through dietary therapy and hypoglycemic agents.

Hyperinsulinemia or excessive insulin secretion is most commonly a consequence of insulin resistance, associated with type 2 diabetes or the metabolic syndrome. More rarely, hyperinsulinemia results from an insulin-secreting tumor (insulinoma) in the pancreas. Hyperinsulinemia due to accidental or deliberate injection of excessive insulin is dangerous and can be acutely life-threatening because blood levels of glucose drop rapidly and the brain becomes starved for

energy (insulin shock).

How to set up access control for website blocking

2014-02-01T10:47:00.000+05:00

Suitable for: 300Mbps Wireless N Routers, 150Mbps Wireless N Routers

T P-LINK 11N wireless routers can be set up to block websites by following these steps (Here we take TL-WR1043ND as example) :

Step 1: Log in to your TL-WR1043ND

Open your web browser and type the LAN IP address of the router in the address bar (the default IP address of TP-LINK routers is 192.168.1.1), then press Enter.

When you are prompted, enter the TL-WR1043ND´s username and password (the default username and password are bothadmin)

Step 2: Go to Access Control -> Host, then click "Add New..."

Select "IP Address", then enter a short description for the host rule you want to define in the "Host Description:" box. Enter the IP address range on your network that you want to block access to (i.e. 192.168.1.100 - 192.168.1.199, which will block access to the site(s) you define in the following steps for ALL computers that are automatically assigned an IP address by the TL-WR1043ND)

Click "Save" - the new Host rule will now show up on the "Host Settings" page

Step 3: Go to Access Control -> Target, then click "Add New..."

Select "Domain Name" in the "Mode:" box, then enter a brief description of the rule you are setting up. In the "Domain Name:" box(es), enter the keywords you would like the router to block (these do not have to be full web addresses such aswww.google.com - simply entering "google" will set the rule to block ANY domain name that contains the word "google")

Click "Save" - the new Target rule will now show up on the "Target Settings" page

Step 4: Go to Access Control -> Rule page and tick "Enable Internet Access Control", then select the option " Deny the packets specified by any enabled access control policy to pass through the Router" (if this is set to the "Allow" option, all websites other than ones you have set Host/Target rules for will be blocked), then click "Save".

Under Access Control -> Rule, click "Add New...", then enter a brief description of the rule in the "Rule Name:" box

In the "Host:" box, select the Host rule you defined in Step 2

In the "Target:" box, select the target rule you defined in Step 3

In the "Schedule:" box, select "Anytime" (this will make the rule always active)

In the "Action:" box, select "Deny"

In the "Status:" box, select "Enabled"

Click "Save" - the new Access Control rule will now show up on the "Access Control Rule Management" page .

Step 5: To test the rule, try to browse to the site you have blocked from a host PC in the IP address range you defined in the Host rule in Step 1 (for instance, http://www.google.com ). The website will be blocked, and your web browser will report that the site/server cannot be found.

Related articles:

How to Root the Amazon Kindle Fire HD 7 running 7.4.6 firmware

2014-01-27T14:30:00.001+05:00

If you have recently updated your Kindle Fire HD and you were rooted before, you’ll find that you no longer have root access. If that’s the case and you are yearning to get back to using your root-requiring apps, the guide below should help you.

I. Before You Begin

1. Charge your device to 75% or more before you begin.

2. As always, make sure that you have backed up everything you feel is important before you begin.

3. Uninstall any drivers that are associated with your Kindle Fire HD from your Windows PC. Also, go to Device Manager > Portable Devices, right-click on the Kindle Fire HD, go to Properties, click on the Driver tab and then click on Uninstall (do this while your Kindle Fire HD is connected to your PC). Unplug your device now and then install the Kindle ADB drivers provided in #2 of the next section.

II. Necessary Downloads

1. Root_with_Restore_by_Bin4ry_v31.zip [Link available in this thread]

2. Kindle ADB Drivers

III. Rooting the Amazon Kindle Fire HD

1. Enable ADB on your device by going to Settings > Security and turning on the Enable ADB option.

2. Connect your device to your PC using a compatible microUSB cable. Your Windows PC should automatically install the necessary drivers at this point.

3. Extract Root_with_Restore_by_Bin4ry_v31.zip to a folder on your desktop.

4. From the extracted folder, double-click on RunMe.bat to begin the rooting process.

5. If you are prompted to back up your data, choose Do not back up and hit the enter key on your keyboard.

6. On the next step, select Restore My Data.

7. Your device should reboot. Unlock it and it should reboot again. Do not unplug your device during this time.

Your Kindle Fire HD 7 is now rooted! To verify, look for the Superuser app on your device or use Root Checker Lite from the Play Store.

Prevent a program from connecting to the Internet

2014-01-22T20:33:00.001+05:00

Basically you do this to prevent a program from connecting to the Internet:

From start menu, search for "Firewall" and select Windows Firewall with Advanced Security
Choose Outbound Rules from the tree at the left.
Choose New Rule... from the menu at the right.
New Outbound Rule Wizard opens. This is really easy now:

a. Select Program as rule type.

b. Select the program's EXE file.(Mostly the programXXX. exe or XXXupdate.exe)

c. Choose Block the connection.
Choose the profile this rule applies to. If in doubt, select all three.
Add the descriptive name (you may want to delete this rule later).

You're done.

Or if you know the address it tries to connect to simply add a rule in you hosts file and let it connect to your loopback address :-)

 c:\windows\system32\drivers\etc <----------------- 127.0.0.1="" code="" example.com="" file="" ost="">

Apple for Gallbladder

2014-01-04T07:05:00.001+05:00

Did you know that nearly 1 million gallbladders are removed yearly?

Over 20 years ago, gallbladders were removed surgically and the recovery period was slow and painful. The traditional “open” gallbladder surgery has almost completely been replaced with the introduction of laparoscopy. Laparoscopy uses small instruments and a lighted tube equipped with a video camera, all inserted through tiny abdominal incisions. The recovery period is quicker and less painful with a laparoscopy making it the preferred method of removal.

Unfortunately, the number of gallbladder operations has risen 40 percent since the introduction of the laparoscopy! Perhaps the doctors would prefer to avoid severe attacks so, the gallbladder is removed with vague symptoms like bloating and gas. This equals unnecessary surgery!

Laporascopic removal of the gallbladder while used commonly is not without risk. Accidental severing of the bile duct, which can cause permanent liver damage, occurs in 1 to 2 percent of laparoscopies—three times more often than in open surgery!

Function of the Gallbladder:

The gallbladder is located just under the liver and has a very important role in the digestive process.

According to Wikipedia:

In vertebrates the gallbladder (cholecyst, gall bladder, biliary vesicle) is a small organ that aids mainly in fat digestion and concentrates bile produced by the liver. The surgical removal of the gallbladder is called a cholecystectomy.

To put it another way, it emulsifies fats. Think of trying to wash greasy dishes without soap. It is almost impossible. Why? Because soap emulsifies the grease. Similarly, the gallbladder stores bile and bile acids, which emulsify the fat eaten so it can be properly transported through the intestine into the blood stream.

Bile is made in the liver, then stored in the gallbladder until the body needs it to digest fat. At that time, the gallbladder contracts and pushes the bile into a tube–called the common bile duct–that carries it to the small intestine, where it helps with digestion. Under certain conditions the bile can harden into stones.

Types of Gallstones:

There are two two types of gallstones:

1. Cholesterol stones made up of hardened cholesterol are usually yellow-green. 80 percent of gallstones are cholesterol stones. They are caused by too much cholesterol, bilirubin, or not enough bile salts or when the gallbladder does not empty as it should.

2. Pigment stones made of bilirubin are small, dark stones. Their cause is uncertain although they tend to occur in people with cirrhosis, biliary tract infections, and hereditary blood disorders such as sickle cell anemia – these conditions cause too much bilirubin to form.

Either type of gallstones can be as small as a grain of sand or as large as a golf ball. The gallbladder can develop either one large stone, hundreds of tiny stones, or almost any combination.

Symptoms of a Gallbladder Attack:

If gallstones lodge in any of the ducts that carry bile from the liver to the small intestines, a gallbladder attack occurs. Symptoms have a rapid onset and may include:

Steady pain in the upper abdomen that increases rapidly and lasts from 30 minutes to several hours
Pain in the back between the shoulder blades
Pain under the right shoulder
Nausea
Vomiting
Abdominal bloating
Recurring intolerance of fatty foods
Belching
Gas
Indigestion

An easy way to determine if your pain is related to the gallbladder is to press down below on your last rib on your right side and lined up with your nipple – if there is pain there is a good chance that you have a gallbladder problem.

Curing Symptoms Not the Problem:

The removal of the gallbladder is a procedure called Cholecystectomy. Of the 1 million cholecystectomys or gallbladder removals that are done yearly, it is estimated that only a few thousand actually need to come out! Sadly, as many as half of the patients continue to have pain after the gallbladder is removed. Rather than treat the symptoms, more care should be taken to heed the warning signals and determine why the gallbladder is not functioning properly.

One way to relieve congestion in the gallbladder is a gallbladder cleanse or flush. I am not a medical doctor and do not pretend to give medical advise but I do want to share what has worked for me. The following recipe is one I have used since my first attack in 2002. I use it when I begin to experience pain in my right side, just under my ribs. It is a pain that once you have, you recognize instantly. While I normally do not have severe pain (because I do the flush before it gets too bad), I have procrastinated and had sever pain, nausea and vomiting – all of which are relieved by the following cleanse and passage of gallstones.

Gallbladder Cleanse Recipe

Drink 1 qt of apple juice each day for 5 days. Drink the apple juice in addition to your regular diet. The apple juice contains limonoid which helps soften any gallstones and alleviate any pain you are experiencing.

On the 6th day:

Do not eat anything after 6 pm.

At 6 pm, take 1 Tbsp Epsom salt with a full glass of water. Mix the Epsom salt in the water – it takes a bit of stirring. I take a big breath and down it quickly!

At 8 pm repeat 1 Tbsp Epsom salt with a full glass of water.

At 10 pm – mix and drink quickly, 4 oz. olive oil (from my affiliate -where to buy) and 4 oz. lemon juice.

Go to bed and in the morning you will pass any gallstones you may have. I normally have varying sizes of bright green gallstones visible in the toilet. The Epsom salt acts as a laxative to quickly remove the gallstones from the intestinal tract.

Android Disable Password/Pattern/PIN Lock

2013-12-31T07:18:00.001+05:00

INSTRUCTIONS:

1. Connect you (turned on) Phone to the Computer via USB.
2. Open a terminal window.
3. Type

Code:

adb devices
adb shell
cd data/system
rm *.key

4. Done!

REMOVE ANDROID PATTERN LOCK (BUT IT WILL ERACE ALL USER DATA)

2013-11-07T20:04:00.001+05:00

How To Unlock an Android Pattern Just follow these simple steps to unlock your phone and use again free of cost.

i. phone want you to enter the user email id you enter in the play store.

ii. you don’t know the email id.

iii.Then just don’t worry just follow these steps.

iv.just switch off you android phone and then wait for second to switched of it.

1.then first click Up VolumeKeyand hold it.

2.then click on home button and hold it.

3.then press the power button and after is started just release it.

4.and then you can see you enter in the secret android menu you never see it before.

5.just click on home button for up and down in the menu.

6.then just go to third option named as DELETE ALL USER DATA.

7.then it takes dome time.

8.the phone will be started and the unlock patter problem is fixed.

V973 V1 swap internal sd with external

2013-11-03T10:20:00.001+05:00

Hi there!

I managed to swap the internal sd-card (with 11 GB free space) with my external sd-card (in my case a class 10 32GB card, formatted with FAT32). These are the steps to do this (you have to have a functional adb):

#kill old adb-processes
adb kill-server

# look if tablet is viewable per adb
adb devices

# copy vold.fstab to local harddisk
adb pull /system/etc/vold.fstab

# now you have to edit the vold.fstab as follow:

#Original:
dev_mount sdcard /mnt/sdcard auto /devices/virtual/block/nandj
dev_mount extsd /mnt/extsd auto /devices/platform/sunxi-mmc.1/mmc_host /devices/platform/sunxi-mmc.0/mmc_host

#cards swapped:
dev_mount sdcard /mnt/sdcard auto /devices/platform/sunxi-mmc.1/mmc_host /devices/platform/sunxi-mmc.0/mmc_host
dev_mount extsd /mnt/extsd auto /devices/virtual/block/nandj

# mount system-partition read/write
adb shell mount -o remount,rw /system

# write changed vold.fstab to system-partition
adb push vold.fstab /system/etc/

# reboot tablet to apply changes
adb reboot

After these steps the internal sd is fully swapped with the external and in my case I can use full 32GByte as "internal sd".

Even the TWRP is functional and I can make backups/restores of the full system. The only thing to think of is that in TWRP the sd-cards aren't swapped and you have to choose "backup to external sd" if you want to make a backup to the big 32GByte sd-card.

COMPUTER DISK MANAGEMENT

2013-10-20T19:50:00.001+05:00

Here's How:

1. In Windows 7, open an elevated command prompt, or a command prompt at boot.

OR

2. In Windows 8, open an elevated command prompt, or a command prompt at boot.

Note

Be sure that you have the correct Disk #. You would not want to wipe clean the wrong disk.

A) Press the Windows + R keys to open the Run dialog, type compmgmt.msc, and press Enter.

B) If prompted by UAC, click on Yes.

C) Click on Disk Management in the left pane, and make note of the disk # in the middle pane of the disk that you want to clean or clean all. (see screenshot below)
NOTE: For example, I would use Disk 1 if I wanted to use clean or clean all on my USB key drive.

D) Look under the Disk # (ex: Disk 3) in the left part of the middle pane, and check to make sure it saysOnline. If it doesn't, then right click on Disk # and click on Online to make it so. (see screenshots below)

3. In the elevated command prompt, type diskpart and press Enter. (see screenshot below)

4. In the elevated command prompt, type list disk and press Enter. (see screenshot below)
NOTE: This will give you a list of disk numbers to select from.

5. In the elevated command prompt, type select disk # and press Enter. (see screenshot below)
NOTE: You would substitute # for the disk number listed that you want to use clean or clean all on. For example, I want to use one of them on Disk 1 (from step 1) for my USB key drive, so I would type select disk 1 and press Enter.

6. Do either step 7 or 8 below for which command you would like to use.

7. To Use the Clean Diskpart Command
NOTE: See the green INFO box at the top of the tutorial for more information about this command. This command will wipe the HDD quickly.

A) In the elevated command prompt, type clean and press Enter. (see screenshot below)
NOTE: This will not take long to finish. Think of it as being like a quick format.

B) Go to step 9.

8. To Use the Clean All Diskpart Command
NOTE: See the green INFO box at the top of the tutorial for more information about this command. This command will wipe the HDD, and perform a secure erase. "Clean All" takes about an hour per 320 GB to finish running. It's best to only use this command if you wanted to help make sure that the data on the HDD cannot be recovered say when giving or selling the HDD to another person.

A) In the elevated command prompt, type clean all and press Enter. You will see the command prompt below as is until the "clean all" command is finished. (see screenshot below)
NOTE: This will take quite some time (several hours or more) to finish depending on how large the disk is since it is writing over each and every sector on it to zero. Think of it as being like a full or low level format.

B) Continue on to step 9.

9. When finished, in the elevated command prompt, type exit and press Enter. Close the elevated command prompt.

10. The disk will be left as unallocated space. (see screenshot below)

11. You will now need to create a new partition or volume on the disk to be able to use it again.

How to copy files to Google Drive faster in Windows 7 Using the Google Drive shortcut folder in Windows is pretty handy, but being able to copy files using the Send to context menu option is faster.

2013-09-29T13:43:00.000+05:00

The Google Drive desktop application in Windows 7 creates a nice little shortcut in your Favorites folder for easy access to your files. Using Windows Explorer, you can copy files to it like any other file or folder in Windows. But there's a faster way to copy files to your Google Drive account. Using the Send to context menu option, you can right-click on any file or folder and send it straight to your Google Drive folder. Here's how to set it up:

Step 1: Make sure you have the Google Drive desktop application installed on your Windows 7PC.

Step 2: Open the Run dialog box by hitting Win+R, then type:%APPDATA%\Microsoft\Windows\SendTo and hit OK.

(Credit: Screenshot by Ed Rhee/CNET)

Step 3: When the SendTo folder opens, right-click on the Google Drive icon in the left pane, under "Favorites," and drag it over to an open area of the SendTo folder in the right pane. Don't drag it onto one of the shortcuts already in the folder, or else you'll get the wrong menu for Step 4.

(Credit: Screenshot by Ed Rhee/CNET)

Step 4: After you let go of the icon in the SendTo folder, select "Create shortcuts here."

(Credit: Screenshot by Ed Rhee/CNET)

Step 5: To copy a file or folder using the SendTo context menu, right-click on any file or folder in Windows Explorer, then go to "Send to" and choose Google Drive.

(Credit: Screenshot by Ed Rhee/CNET)

That's it. Now you can send files to your Google Drive account in Windows by right-clicking on any file or folder. To select multiple files, just press the Ctrl key as you highlight the files you want to send.

Install android on iPhone

2013-08-25T07:06:00.000+05:00

How to install android on iPhone?

Now a day most of the people are using an iPhone, but android is becoming the most popular OS. There are lots of application available in app store of iPhone but these all apps are not free, most of them are paid. This is the best trick to Install Android On iPhone 3G (Install Android On 3GS).

Android is more popular than iPhone iOS because there are lots of application available for free. So if you are thinking to change your phone or you want to install android apps on your phone then just install android on the iPhone and run all the android apps on your iPhone.

If you are bored of using IOS than enjoy android on your phone with these tricks. What you have to do is just follow these simple steps to know how to install android on iPhone.

Before reading how to install android on iPhone guide you will need these things.

iPhone 3G supported
Wifi or internet

5 steps will teach you how to install android on iPhone or how to Put Android On iPhone

Step 1. Jailbreak Your iPhone

If you want to install android on iPhone then you have to first jailbreak your iPhone. Now days to jailbreak iPhone is very easy, it’s not very hard to do. You can find lots of tutorials on the internet on how to jailbreak iPhone.

If your iPhone is not jailbreak than just google it or you can visit here to know how to jailbreak iPhone. When you have finished it go to step 2 for further details. This is the first thing you have to do to install android on iphone.

Step 2. Install Bootlace In Cydia

You know what is Cydia if you are using iPhone. When you jailbreak your iPhone just download it to your iPhone now what to do next? In second step you have to install bootlace to install android on iPhone.

Open Cydia from your iPhone home screen.
Tap on manage button and select sources.
Now you can see an edit button on right top side of screen click on it.
Now click on add at the left top side of screen.
When you click on add, you have to add the repository, just add this in it repo.neonkoala.co.uk.
Then tap on add source.
Now wait some time and tap on your new added repository.
And install bootlace.

Step 3. Run Bootlace App And Patch Kernel

Close the cydia and open bootlace from your home screen.
If it is not on your home screen then restart your phone and it will be there.
It will download something just wait till the download finish and patch the kernel.
It will ask you to reboot just reboot it and wait for your phone to reboot.

Step 4. Install OpeniBoot

In 4th step you have to install openiboot to install android on iphone.

Open bootlace once again and tap on openiboot to install then click on continue.
OpeniBoot will download and install

Step 5. Install iDroid

iDroid is customized android version for iPhone but it will work as well as android OS. This is the last step to install android on iPhone.

When openiboot will install open it and tap on idroid button.
It will take some time to download then install it.
This will take some time to install so keep patience and plug-in charger if your battery is low.
It will ask you to reboot just reboot it and restart your iPhone.

Now you had completely install android on iPhone. Now you can enjoy android and its cool apps on your iPhone.

Must Read – Essential Steps To Speed Up Windows 7 Very Easily

So these are the simple steps of how to install android on iPhone which will help you to run android on your iPhone. Now you had done all the work just play with android. Now you have an Android OS On iPhone 3G.

Rocks..pebbles...and sand

2013-08-08T15:52:00.000+05:00

Good morning......

A philosophy professor stood before his class with some items on the table in front of him. When the class began, wordlessly he picked up a very large and empty mayonnaise jar and proceeded to fill it with rocks, about 2 inches in diameter.

He then asked the students if the jar was full. They agreed that it was.

So the professor then picked up a box of pebbles and poured them into the jar. He shook the jar lightly. The pebbles, of course, rolled into the open areas between the rocks.

He then asked the students again if the jar was full. They agreed it was.

The professor picked up a box of sand and poured it into the jar. Of course, the sand filled up everything else.
He then asked once more if the jar was full. The students responded with a unanimous “Yes.”

“Now,” said the professor, “I want you to recognize that this jar represents your life. The rocks are the important things – your family, your partner, your health, your children – things that if everything else was lost and only they remained, your life would still be full.

The pebbles are the other things that matter – like your job, your house, your car.

The sand is everything else. The small stuff.”

“If you put the sand into the jar first,” he continued “there is no room for the pebbles or the rocks. The same goes for your life.

If you spend all your time and energy on the small stuff, you will never have room for the things that are important to you. Pay attention to the things that are critical to your happiness. Play with your children. Take your partner out dancing. There will always be time to go to work, clean the house, give a dinner party and fix the disposal.

Take care of the rocks first – the things that really matter. Set your priorities. The rest is just sand.”

We knew this but tend to forget while doing mundane things.

Disable write protection error for usbdrive

2013-04-20T06:59:00.000+05:00

how to Disable write protection from pendrive

We received problem from our Reader regarding "Removing write protection from Pendrive". Here we will try to solve it.

What is write protection?

SD Card with Lock

- Write Protection is a feature(yes you read it right) that is generally found in flash drives like pen drives and memory card. It prohibits users to write anything to the drive, thus protect the drive from any modification to its data and also stops virus(from computer) to Copy(write) itself to the drive.

Initially, it was done using a small physical (hard)switch located in the Pendrive and memory card. The small yellow switch in this snap is for write protection. Similar, switch is used in any side of some pendrives.

Now, this feature is also being achieved digitally without any Hardware.

Why is it a problem then?
-it is a Problem when:
a) we don't know about it and it prohibits us from writing
b) it is (digitally) implemented without user consent either by someone or by Virus

Solution

First of all, make sure if there is any physical Switch is present or not, if it is then adjust it to unlock side.
If there is no physical switch or still problem persists, Go ahead.

As many a times it is done by virus also, it is suggested to scan your system including pendrive with a good updated Antivirus, if you don't have any then Download and install MalwareBytes, update it and do the scan.
For detail information of Virus cleaning, check : clean virus

UPDATE:

I have found a simple trick which also solves this problem (when your USB Device has minor problem only). Try this :

1) Right click 'My computer' -> Manage or Management -> Disk management
2) select your USB drive -> Right click ->"change drive letter and paths"
3) Then Rename it to a different letter

Check whether it starts working or not !!

Note: Quotes( ' ) are used for information only, whenever you are asked to type, do without the quotes. Ex: if asked to type 'abc'. Then don't put quotations ( ' ) while typing, type only
abc

Method I : Using Diskpart

First we will try to remove read only attribute from the specific drive.

Warning : Be sure to do this on the right disk since the diskpart command can do serious damage if you run it on the wrong disk.

1)  Start Menu -> Run(or in search box) -> Type 'cmd' -> press 'Enter' -> Command Promt will open
2) Type 'Diskpart' -> enter -> 'list disk' -> enter
3) Select the disk you are going to modify, if your required USB disk is in 'disk 4' then
4) type 'select disk 4' -> enter , now disk 4 is selected, 'list disk' will show star(*) beside it
5) 'list disk' -> enter
To Clear the Read-Only attribute on the selected disk (To Disable write protection):
6) Type 'attributes disk clear readonly' -> enter
The disk is no longer Write protected. The Read-Only attribute is removed.

If you wish to set the write protection again, just do the same procedure and
Type 'attributes disk set readonly' -> enter

When you are done modifying the disk attributes just issue the exit command
7) Type 'exit' -> enter

If files inside USB drive are still in read only mode
-open command prompt
-Type ' j: ' -> enter (put your drive label in place of 'j' )
- Type ' attrib -r /s /d *.* ' -> enter
- exit

Method II : Using RegEdit

This will Remove write protection from USB Drives. If it doesn't then lets disable writeprotect from your System Using Registry Editor:

1) Start Menu -> Run(or in search box) -> Type 'regedit' -> press 'Enter' -> Registry Editor will open
2) Expand by clicking ' + ' and Navigate to the following path :

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\StorageDevicePolicies

If you can't find 'StorageDevicePolicies', then you have to create the key:
-Right click on ' control '-> New -> Key -> a new key will get created -> rename it as 'StorageDevicePolicies'
-Right click on 'StorageDevicePolicies'
-> New -> DWORD (32-bit) Value -> Name it as 'WriteProtect'


writeProtect to storage device policies

Now if you want to enable write protection, use ' 3) ' , to Disable write protection, use ' 4) '

3)To Enable Write protect, Double click on 'WriteProtect', and set its value data to '1'

Edit DWORD value

Once set, all users on the computer is now blocked and prevented from copying, transferring or writing any files, documents and data to the USB disk drives.
4)To Disable Write protect, Double click on 'WriteProtect', and set its value data to '0'
Once reset to '0', all users on the computer is now allowed to copy, transfer or write any file, document and data to the USB disk drives.

5)close your registry edit window.

For first time, you may get that same message again, close the notification window and try to write to the USB again and it should work. You’ll probably have to do this with all your USB drives to clear that “Disk is write protected” message. Hope this helped.

If still same problem then You have to go for Formatting it.

Method III : Using Formatting

Try Formatting by Disk Management
If it doesn't format.

Try these tools:
1) Download Neo 9
(Zipped with Password - techsoln )
2) Transcend's Online Recovery Tool
3) Apacer Formatting Utility
(Zipped with Password - techsoln )

Using 1st two is simple.

For using Apacer Formatting Utility,
Unzip this utility to preferably on a folder on desktop for easy access (Do Not Save it on pen drive).
Keep your pen drive plugged in
Double click on the 'Start.bat' file in the folder where you unzipped the above utility.
This will start formatting your pen drive, wait till the formatting completes and the LED on your pen drive stops blinking.
Remove your pen drive and plug it in again.

If you still face same problem, go to service center. If you have warranty left then replace your pendrive.

Reset Windows 7 Local Administrator Password

2013-03-04T19:17:00.002+05:00

Ever been locked out of your Windows Vista / 7 Machine. Forgot to enable or create an account for that all important day that you get 'no logon servers available' or 'the trust relationship failed' well this has to be the single most, utterly awesome hack known to the IT world in my opinion!

You will need a Windows 7 CD.

1.Boot from the Windows 7 CD and click repair my computer, then follow the prompts to get through to using Advanced tools for repair and then command prompt.

2.Type C: to change letter from (normally) X: to the active partition.
3.Type the following command:
copy c:\windows\system32\sethc.exe c:\

This creates a copy of sethc.exe to restore later.

4.Type this command to replace sethc.exe with cmd.exe:

copy /y c:\windows\system32\cmd.exe c:\windows\system32\sethc.exe

Reboot your computer and start the Windows installation where you forgot the administrator password.

5.After you see the logon screen, press the SHIFT key five times.

6.You should see a command prompt where you can enter the following command to reset the Windows password (see screenshot above):

net user administrator password <-- actually="" em="" password="" replacing="" to="" use.="" want="" what="" with="" you="">
7. If the account is disabled you also need to run:

net user administrator /active:yes

For anyone who wants to know what we've done here; we're replacing the Sticky Keys executable with a Command Prompt application. Windows will allow you to run Sticky Keys from Pre-Logon so it allows us to boot into a command prompt without authentication. You will probably not want to leave this open on your desktop so once you've finished I'd recommend you go back into the Recovery environment and replace the setch.exe file with its actual file and purpose again. (backed up to C: as per above)

Rooting your Android device is a good

2013-02-13T07:26:00.000+05:00

Though rooting an Android device might seem daunting to some, especially those who are relatively new to the platform, it is actually simpler than it first looks. Moreover, rooting a handset lends a user better control over the device and reveals many hidden features that can be personalized to be used as desired.

1. Updates: There is probably not a single Android user out there who hasn’t spent weeks and months waiting to the latest software build for his or her phone. The updates are painfully slow in reaching customers, as can be proven by how long the Jelly Bean build is taking to reach end users almost a year after its release.
Android Ice Cream Sandwich is a little better off, but despite the launch of two more advanced systems, Gingerbread is still the most widely used operating system in the Android world. This is a far cry from the speed at which Apple updates its products with the latest iOS builds.
Rooting one’s device gets rid of this waiting game somewhat since it puts the user in control of the software that runs on the handset. This is true, of course, more for newer, more advanced devices. Older gadgets may not be able to support newer software builds completely. To give you a clearer picture, any device made in 2011 and after should be able to run an Android build of 4.x and over with ease.
2. Bloatware: Bloatware, or unwanted systems applications, are a pain the neck for many an Android user. Rooting one’s device gives complete access to its file system along with all its administration rights. This in turn allows one to remove bloatware from one’s handset at one’s convenience.
By accessing their device’s file system, users can delete all those age-old system files they no longer require. Not only will this clean up all the clutter on the handset, it will free a lot of memory to be put to better use. This is a special boon for all those devices that come with limited on board storage.
3. Processing Power: By rooting one’s device, one can increase the power of one’s handsets by overclocking its processor. In some cases, even a 1 GHz processor can be transformed into a 1.6 GHz chipset. Clocking up the processor increases its speed and power manifold. The same handset, once rooted, can perform faster and better than ever before.
Those who desire a much more powerful device can give their handsets a custom ROM along with a clocking makeover. With all the tweaks that a custom ROM brings to the table, an old device becomes almost new.
4. Root-only applications: With a rooted device, one has access to a number of root-only applications which have the power to make a handset more functional and user friendly than before. Some examples of such applications include DroidWall, Hexamop Recovery Pro, Rot Call Blocker, Samba Filesharing, Titanium Backup, Dual Mount SD Widget, Keyboard Manager and LEDs Hack.
5. Custom ROMs: Custom ROMs are designed by developers who are not connected with Google or its hardware partners. These ROMs, a popular example of which is CyanogenMod, function a lot like the TouchWiz or Sense UI, adding to the overall Android experience. They are, in fact, ‘customized’ to maximize a device’s usability, functionality and performance. Gaining access to such custom ROMs is another advantage of rooting one’s device.
6. Battery Life: On a rooted handset, Custom ROMs go a long way in improving battery life. They do this by removing unnecessary bloatware and performance hindering applications. In fact, power management apps like Superpower work better when they run on a finely tuned rooted device.
7. Modification: Ordinarily, in order to get one’s hands on the latest innovation from manufacturers like Beats Audio or S-Voice, one needs to purchase a new and improved device. Rooting one’s existing handset saves one the trouble of having to make a new purchase while at the same time allowing one to enjoy all the benefits of innovative additions.
Since rooting a device gives one complete control over the software that runs on it, one can pick and choose the features one desires, without depending on the inventions of a particular manufacturer.
Rooting a handset not only makes it more powerful, functional and speedy, it also improves its lifespan. A handset that is likely to die out with the next software update needn’t necessarily do so, if it is rooted properly and intelligently.

Samsung Galaxy S Boot Loop / Dead Internal SD - Solution

2013-02-05T06:12:00.002+05:00

Fully working Samsung Galaxy S - Using 16GB External Micro SD to run OS and function as External SD!!

Ok so to set the scene I will quickly explain the issue I had with my Samasung Galaxy S.

One day it worked....

Next day it didn't...from then on it would only boot to first screen then continually repeat this step.....

After day two of having no luck at fixing the issue I got an S3...great phone!

BUT DONT GIVE UP JUST YET! It can be fixed!!!

Overall I think I would have spent somewhere in the ballpark of about 40 hours trying to fix the Galaxy S...stubborn? Yes....and my Galaxy S was such a good phone I hated the idea of binning it.

I wont waste your time listing the hundreds of methods I tried or posts I read, but in the end all things pointed to a dead internal SD.

I should be able to run the OS off an external SD... shouldn't I? The answer is Yes!

Many hours were spent on this stage and for about a week I had a working pone with OS running on External SD, but no access to the camera or anything which required an external SD.

I now have a perfectly working phone, using a 16gb External SD to run the OS and remaining space on it recognised as the external SD.

I can't promise this will work for everyone but here is the last of WAY TO MANY methods I used which completely solved this problem for me.

Let me know if this works for you & GOOD LUCK!

Step 1:

Your phone must be rooted!

The best, easiest and only way I was able to do it is with the following guide, big thank you to the person who put it up. As my Internal SD was dead! my external SD was to be my new internal SD...so the standard add to zip method for rooting on external SD... would obviously not work for me! yes I worded that perfectly!

BIG IMPORTANT NOTE IN CAPITAL LETTERS! - Make sure you have your external SD inserted during the below process!

http://forum.xda-developers.com/show....php?t=1852546

NOW! You should have your phone booting as it used to back in the good old days! However.....some of you wont...if this is the case please follow Step 1B.

Step 1B:

If the above did not work for you then you need a way to connect your Micro SD to your PC (I did this using a USB adaptor).

1. Download and install EaseUS partition master
2. Insert Micro SD in PC
3. EaseUS partition master
4. Wipe all partitions/data.
5. Create EXT4 partition approx 2gb
6. Create FAT32 partition with remaining space.
7. Remove battery from phone
8. Insert SD, Battery back in.
9. Turn on, you should have your phone booting as it used to back in the good old days!

IF NOT THEN.....Start with Step 1B then do Step1 then if all looking as it should move to step 2. If not...sorry...I have failed you!

Step 2:

You phone should now have booted like the good old days....but if you go into SD/Storage on android OS, you will notice it does not recognise the remaining space on the External SD as an external SD...it must be very confusing for the green robot!

So next steps as follows!

1. Install script manager app and mount r/w app from Google Play (market)
2. Use mount r/w to Mount the system partition in r/w mode.
3. Browse using script manager app as root (change setting in config).
4. Go to /system/etc folder and change file permission for vold.fstab to rwxrwxrwx (This means tick all the 9 boxes on the left not the 3 on the right.....such a technical explanation)
5. Then edit the vold.fstab file as text and change the following

Change:

dev_mount sdcard /mnt/sdcard auto /devices/platform/s3c-sdhci.0/mmc_host/mmc0

to

dev_mount sdcard /mnt/sdcard auto /devices/platform/s3c-sdhci.2/mmc_host/mmc2

Change:

s3c-sdhci.0

to

s3c-sdhci.2

Change:

mmc0

to

mmc2

Save the file and reboot the phone!

If all has gone well then your sdcard partition will be mounted and old faithful is ready to ride once again!

I hope this worked for you, if it didn't...gutted and I guess you have moved onto the next post...good hunting!

Please note this solution was created from a pile of posts I trawled through to get a solution. The above vold.fstab solution was taken from the following post. Unfortunately this posts overall solution didn't work for me, but I would not have been able to mount remaining External SD Space as well...you know THE EXTERNAL SD! without his post, which is the best part!

http://forum.xda-developers.com/show....php?t=1193010

2nd option if the above change did not work
edit vold.fstab

change:
#FIXME: Swap again?
# internal sdcard
dev_mount emmc /storage/sdcard1 auto /devices/platform/s3c-sdhci.2/mmc_host/mmc2

to
#FIXME: Swap again?
# internal sdcard
dev_mount emmc /storage/sdcard0 auto /devices/platform/s3c-sdhci.2/mmc_host/mmc2

Today i'm going to show you how to root and update your Galaxy S.
In this guide we flash custom kernel and rom.
First you need to be sure that you have 2.3.6 XXJW4.
You can check it by going to settings > about phone > and there's baseband version.
If you have JW4 you can skip to rooting part.
If you don't have JW4, you need to flash it.

Installing JW4
1. You need the drivers. For 32 bit(x86) Windows http://drivers.softpedia.com/get/MOB...dows-x86.shtml and for 64 bit(x64) Windows
http://drivers.softpedia.com/get/MOB...dows-x64.shtml
2.Download the firmware http://www.hotfile.com/dl/150483619/...4_XEU.zip.html
3. Then you need extract the downloaded file I9000XXJW4_I9000OXAJW4_XEU.zip (from step 2) to any folder, you will get these 2 files:
JW4_JW4_JW4.tar
SS_DL.dll (ignore this file)
4. Download Odin which we will be using to flash XXJW4 on the phone. http://www.mediafire.com/download.php?06v1nznuk3ng7gw
5. Disconnect your phone if it’s connected to PC. Then switch it off. Wait 5-6 seconds for vibration to confirm complete switch off.
6. Boot into recovery. To do this, press and hold the Volume_UP + Home + Power till the screen turns on, then let them go. You will boot into recovery soon enough.
7. Then, use the volume keys to navigate and the home/power key to select options, select wipe data/factory reset, then select Yes on next screen to confirm. After the data wipe is complete, remove and re-insert the battery, but don’t power it back on.
8. Put the Galaxy S in Download Mode. To do that press and hold these keys together: Volume down + Home + Power until a screen saying Download Mode comes up.
9. Open Odin (downloaded in step 4) — Odin3 v1.7.exe.
10. Connect your phone to PC now. You should get the message “Added!!” under Odin’s message box in the bottom left. If you don’t get this message, then probably there is a problem with drivers. Make sure you’ve proper drivers installed.
11. Now, in Odin, click the PDA Tab, and select the file JW4_JW4_JW4.tar
12. Important! Do not touch any other button or make any other changes in Odin except selecting the required file as given in step 11.
13. Now, hit the START button to begin the flashing process. When it finishes, your phone will automatically reboot, upon which you can unplug the cable. Plus, you’ll get a PASS (with green background) message in the left-most box at the very top of the Odin.
IMPORTANT Note: If ODIN gets stuck at some stage and doesn’t seem to be doing anything, do this — disconnect the phone from the PC, close ODIN, remove battery, re-insert it, turn phone on in Download mode again, and do the procedure again from Step 9. Same if you get a FAIL message in Odin.
14. Finish!

Now the rooting part.

1.Download CF-Root http://download.chainfire.eu/155/CF-....4-CWM3RFS.zip
2. Unzip the file and you get a tar file. It may look like a zip file but it is not. So do not extract the tar file.
3. Open Odin (if you don't have it download it from section 4 in installing part)
4. Switch off the phone and wait for vibration. When it vibrates it is completely off
5. Make sure you have drivers (JW4 installing section 1)
6. Put your phone to download download mode. To do that press vol down + home + power.
7. Now your phone should be in download mode. Plug it to computer (make sure odin is still open)
8. Click PDA tab and choose CF-Root-XX_OXA_JW4-v4.4-CWM3RFS.tar.
9. Click start
10. Wait
11. Wait more and then there should read Success! in odin
12. Now you can disconnect the phone.
13. Finish!

Now we are ready to install a custom ROM!
First you need to download a ROM. I recommend Cyanogenmod because it is popular, it has many features and it is stable. Here is linkhttp://get.cm/get/3qH
1. Download the ROM.
2. Put it to your phone's internal sd-card
3. Download gapps http://goo.im/gapps/gapps-ics-20120429-signed.zip
4. Put it to your phone's sd-card
5. Reboot to recovery (vol up + home + power)
6. Wipe data/factory reset
7. Wipe cache
8. Advanced > wipe dalvik cache
9. Install zip from sd-card
10. Choose zip from sd-card
11. Select cm-9.0.0-galaxysmtd.zip
12. Confirm
13. Wait
14. Wait more
15. Wait even more
16. Go back
17. Don't reboot
18. Install zip from sd-card
19. Choose zip from sd-card
20. Choose gapps-ics-20120429-signed.zip
21. Confirm
22. Wait
23. Reboot
Now it's ready! You made it! You rooted and updated your phone. Be proud!

Nandroid Backup for Android Phones

2013-01-23T06:50:00.003+05:00

As an Android user, one of the most important things that you must regularly do is to take backups. Android OS offers the user almost unlimited freedom to play with it. If you are rooted, it opens up new opportunities for you to try new ROMs and use more powerful apps.
While you are customizing your device, something may inadvertently snap – leaving your device totally messed up. It may enter a bootloop or just may not start. Whatever the reason for this undesired behavior, your apps and data might all be lost.
Why take the risk? Do a Nandroid backup now!

What is Nandroid Backup?

Before we tell you how awesome Nandroid backup is, lets look at what it means. Nandroid backup is a complete backup of your phone. When we say complete, it means everything on your phone – your apps, data, your current ROM and even the kernel. It is like creating a full system image of your phone that can be restored later, when required.
It is easy and convenient to make regular backups with Titanium Backup but it only backs up apps and data. Instead if you do a Nandroid backup of your device, you can rest assured that your entire phone is safely backed up.
A point to note here is that your SD Card data is not backed up. The Nandroid backup itself is created on your SD card. Make sure you have sufficient space on your SD card to make a complete copy of your phone. Once the backup is done, manually copy it to your computer if you need it later.

Pre-requisites:

1. Rooted Device:

You need root access to android device for this process. Besides here, there are several advantages of rooting and the application used in this process requires root access. If you are interested in backups, ROMs and kernels, chances are, you are already rooted. (Seriously, you are missing the best things about Android if you haven’t rooted your phone.)
Anyways, if you are not rooted, take a look at the list of various rooting tools for Android that we have compiled earlier. If you are on Froyo or Gingerbread, these tools are very useful.
If your phone is rooted, proceed to the next step. If it isn’t – go get yourself a root! (Pun intended)

2. Custom Recovery

You cannot do a backup of the OS while its running. The Nandroid backup process is carried out through recovery. The boot loader within the recovery enables you to take a backup of the OS while it’s not running.
ClockworkMod recovery is the most popular recovery. Install ClockworkMod recovery using Android ROM Manager and your preliminary setup is complete. You may install alternate recoveries as well, but you need premium version of ROM Manager for the app to work with any recovery other than ClockworkMod.
Update (10/12/12) – An alternative method of creating Nandroid backup without rebooting into recovery – Online Nandroid Backup

Steps to Perform a Nandroid Backup via Recovery and ROM Manager:

Backup and Restore via Recovery:

1. Boot into Recovery.
One way to boot into recovery is to run the ROM Manager app and choose the option to ‘Reboot into Recovery’. Else you can use CM7’s handy button combination chart for manual boot into recovery.
Personally, I prefer to use Quick Boot app for the purpose. It gives you one touch option to Reboot, boot into Recovery or Bootloader and simply Power Off.

2. Select ‘Backup and Restore’ from the recovery screen.
Once you are in recovery, scroll down to the option ‘Backup and Recovery’ and select it. You can scroll up/down through the menu using the volume buttons and select options using the power button.

3. Start the backup.
Once you are on the Nandroid screen, select ‘Backup’ to start the backup process. You have the option to restore backup on the same screen.

Below images show the various stages of the backup process.

Be patient. The backup process may take a while.

4. Transfer the backup to your computer.
Once you reboot, you can see the backup in the ‘clockworkmod/backup/timestamp’ directory on your SD card. The contents of the backed up folder as seen in the below image.

Save this folder on your PC safely.
That’s it! You have successfully completed your first Nandroid backup. The restore process is pretty similar. Lets see the steps involved.

Restore from a Nandroid Backup via Recovery:

1. The first two steps are same as above. Boot into Recovery and navigate to the Nandroid screen.
2. Select ‘Restore’ to start the process.

If you choose the ‘Advanced Restore’ option, you can select which component of the backup to restore – like the boot, system, data or cache.

3. Reboot system. Your system is now restored and is exactly same as the time when the backup was taken.

Backup and Restore Using ROM Manager:

If you think the above process was easy, backup and restore through ROM Manager is even easier. ROM Manager automates the whole of the above process giving you the option to do these operations with a single touch. Just choose ‘Backup Current ROM’, enter a name for the backup and the phone reboots to start the backup process.

There, your backup is complete. To restore, launch the app and select ‘Manage and Restore Backups’. Select the backup that you want restored and ROM Manager will do the rest.
You can delete or rename the backups as well.

Final Thoughts:

Irrespective of whether you have any important data/apps on your phone, backups are essential. Nandroid backup is the most complete backup that you can do. When the process is so simple, there is really no reason for you to not do it.
Do a Nandroid backup and then you are free to do any experiments with you phone. Just be sure to do a bit of research before you take the plunge.

Virtual trial room

2013-01-15T14:06:00.002+05:00

Great idea for current generation,Saves lot of time!!!

GOOGLE EASTER EGGS

2012-12-26T19:12:00.001+05:00

http://www.google.com/search?q=tilt
http://www.google.com/search?q=do+a+barrel+roll
http://www.google.com/search?q=Christmas

The 12 steps of the Suryanamaskara

2012-11-25T06:59:00.003+05:00

The 12 steps of the Suryanamaskara

1. Stand erect with the legs together and palms together. Take the hands above the head and bend the trunk backwards. Here, inhale fully.

2. Bend the body to the bend and touch the knees by the forehead. Keep the palms on the floor on either side of the legs. Exhale fully.

3. In this stage, kick the right leg back, take the left knee forward, look up and inhale. Touch the thigh with the heel.

4. In the next step, take the left leg also back, resting only on palms and toes; keep the body straight from head to toes inclined to the ground at about 30 degree. Here exhale completely.

5. Now, bend at the knee and rest the knees on the floor without altering the positions of the palms and toes. Rest the forehead on the ground. In this position inhale while moving backwards and then exhale completely.

6. Without moving the hands and toes, come forward on the chest and rest the forehead, chest, hands, knees and legs all the eight organs will be touching the ground. The buttocks will be raised up. Stay in ‘Breath-out’ condition (Bahyakumbhaka).

7. Inhale, raise the head and trunk making the spine concave upwards without changing the position of the hands and feet. Keep the knees off the ground.

8. Exhale. Raise the buttocks, push the head down and have a complete arch with the heels touching the ground a palms on the floor.

9. Same as 5th step. Inhale and exhale.

10. Inhale and bring the right leg in between the two hands and in line with them. Arch the back concave upwards as in step 3.

11. Exhale and bring the left food forward next to the right foot and touch the knees with forehead as in 2.

12. Inhale. Come up, stand erect with hands along the body and relax.

Breathing during Surya namaskara

Many readers requested to include inhale & exhale in Surya Namaskara steps. So here are the 12 steps :-

Step 1 (Namaskarasana)

Step 2 (Parvatasana)

Step 3 (Hastapadasana)

Step 4 (Ekapada Prasaranasana)

Step 5 (Bhudharasana)

Step 6 (Ashthanga Pranipatasana)

Step 7 (Bhujangasana)

Step 8 (Bhudharasana)

Step 9 (Ekapada Prasaranasana)

Step 10 (Hastapadasana)

Step 11 (Parvatasana)

Step 12 (Namaskarasana)

download book

http://brihaspati.net/downloads/Yoga_and_Kriya_Swami_Satyananda_Saraswati.pdf

IIS 7 hosted sites not accessible from remote machines

2012-09-22T21:12:00.002+05:00

Recently while working on my Vista machine, I was was working on a ASP.NET Web site and I wanted to have a colleage of mine have a look. Like always, I mailed him the URL and waited for him to view it and get back. To my surprise, he reverted stating he can't view it.
The error he was getting was "Internet Explorer cannot display the webpage". This was surprising since I was able to view the site locally on the Vista machine without any issues. This meant that IIS was configured and running properly.

I tried to figure out the reason for this strange behavior since the IIS and world wide web services were all running properly on the machine. Turns out, it isn't really strange after all. It is one of those things done to make your machine more secure. To get this working, you need alter the default Firewall settings.
Run the Windows Firewall Settings Wizard (firewall.cpl) and in the Exceptions tab, scroll down and enable "World Wide Web services (HTTP)" option, as shown in the figure below. You will now be able to access the site properly. There is Support KB also on this, which I later found out.

Important These steps may increase your security risk. These steps may also make the computer or the network more vulnerable to attack by malicious users or by malicious software such as viruses. We recommend the process that this article describes to enable programs to operate as they are designed to or to implement specific program capabilities. Before you make these changes, we recommend that you evaluate the risks that are associated with implementing this process in your particular environment. If you decide to implement this process, take any appropriate additional steps to help protect the system. We recommend that you use this process only if you really require this process.

To allow for remote connections to the Internet Information Services 7.0 Web site, add exceptions to Windows Firewall. To do this, follow these steps:

Click Start, type windows firewall in the Start Search box, and then click Windows Firewall in the Programs list.

If you are prompted for an administrator password or confirmation, type your password or click Continue.
Click Allow a program through Windows Firewall.

If you are prompted for an administrator password or confirmation, type your password or click Continue.
On the Exceptions tab, click to select one or more of the following check boxes, depending on the traffic that you want to allow to visit the Web site:
- FTP Server
- Secure World Wide Web Services (HTTPS)
- World Wide Web Services (HTTP)
Click OK

BIOS passwords

2012-07-06T06:36:00.001+05:00

BIOS passwords are used to add some extra security to computers. You can either set a password to prevent access to BIOS settings or to prevent PC from booting.
But sometimes this extra security might become a pain when you forget the BIOS password or someone changes your system BIOS password intentionally.

MS DOS Command:
This method works only if you have access to the system when its turned on because this method requires MS DOS. Open Command Prompt from Programs menu and provide following commands one bye one:

debug

o 70 2E

o 71 FF

quit

NOTE: The first character in the above commands is English alphabet "o" and not the number 0.

After providing the above commands, restart your system and it should reset the CMOS Settings along with the BIOS password.

If you are curious to know how it works? then let me explain the above commands:
In this method we are using the Debug tool of MS DOS. The "o" character present at first in these commands, outputs the values to IO ports. The number 70 and 71 are port numbers which are used to access CMOS memory. By providing FF value we are telling CMOS that there is an invalid checksum and it resets the CMOS settings as well as BIOS password.

VMware, VirtualBox, Virtual PC or Other Desktop Virtualization Software

2012-05-13T04:33:00.001+05:00

VMware, VirtualBox, Virtual PC and other desktop virtualization software are well known among tech people, but most of the normal users do not have idea about them. So they are missing the all advantages of these desktop virtualization software products. If you are new to virtualization environment or thinking why to use these products or what are the advantages from them, this article explains them with basic points.

Desktop virtualization software such as VMware (VMware Player), Oracle VirtualBox and Microsoft Virtual PC are freely available for home users. So, these applications can be used by everyone without any cost. Before go further, let me clear a myth which is ‘more technical knowledge required to use desktop virtualization products’. Believe me!, it is very easy and simple. As long as you do not required high-end complicated setup in virtual environment, these products can be used well by all computer users.

The Purpose of Desktop Virtualization Software

Desktop virtualization software give ability to install and run multiple Operating Systems on your desktop or laptop computer in virtual environment without disturbing the host OS. You can have Windows XP, Linux OS and even Windows 95 on your latest Windows 7 laptop. In this case, your laptop will be the ‘host’ and virtual machines will be the ‘Guest’s. Creating or configuring a virtual machines is very similar to assembling a physical computer with processor, memory, hard disk, VGA…etc. So it is basically to utilize the unused resources on a physical computer to run multiple Operating Systems in it. Even though ‘Dual Boot’ is another option to have multiple Operating Systems on a computer, but you have to reboot the computer every time to use other Operating Systems. But with the desktop virtualization software, you can run and work on multiple Operating Systems simultaneously without rebooting.

The main and basic purpose of Desktop virtualization software VMware, VirtualBox and Virtual PC is to allow users to run multiple different type of Operating Systems simultaneously in complete isolated virtual environment on single physical computer .

The below screen shot was taken while I was running latest Windows 8 as a guest virtual machine in VMware Player on my Windows XP computer.

Advantages

1) Multiple Operating Systems at a time without restarting the single computer.
2) Completely isolated virtual environment from host OS. Therefore no risk involved in virus, malware or any kind of threat spreading from guest to host machines, except thorough network or USB flash drive transfer.

3) You can run your old legacy applications and Operating systems on your latest computer. Let’s say you bought a latest Windows 7 laptop recently and now you like to run your old important legacy application which will not work on Windows 7. Here comes virtualization software… Just setup a Windows XP or older versions of OS by VMware/VirtualBox/Virtual PC then install your legacy application and use it.

4) Snapshot Feature, which helps to restore the virtual machine back and forth to a specific date/time. For example, today you can take snapshot of a virtual machine and if tomorrow something goes wrong with that particular virtual machine, do not worry, you can restore the virtual machine to previous day’s state by snapshot feature.

SUBASH BLOG

vettuthazhi (very help full for small wonds)

Tridax procumbens

Contents

DescriptionEdit

Chemical constituentsEdit

Human usesEdit

message settings for android

Insulin Biosynthesis, Secretion, and Action

How to set up access control for website blocking

How to Root the Amazon Kindle Fire HD 7 running 7.4.6 firmware

I. Before You Begin

II. Necessary Downloads

III. Rooting the Amazon Kindle Fire HD

Prevent a program from connecting to the Internet

Apple for Gallbladder

Function of the Gallbladder:

Types of Gallstones:

Symptoms of a Gallbladder Attack:

Curing Symptoms Not the Problem:

Gallbladder Cleanse Recipe

Android Disable Password/Pattern/PIN Lock

REMOVE ANDROID PATTERN LOCK (BUT IT WILL ERACE ALL USER DATA)

V973 V1 swap internal sd with external

COMPUTER DISK MANAGEMENT

How to copy files to Google Drive faster in Windows 7 Using the Google Drive shortcut folder in Windows is pretty handy, but being able to copy files using the Send to context menu option is faster.

Install android on iPhone

How to install android on iPhone?

5 steps will teach you how to install android on iPhone or how to Put Android On iPhone

Step 1. Jailbreak Your iPhone

Step 2. Install Bootlace In Cydia

Step 3. Run Bootlace App And Patch Kernel

Step 4. Install OpeniBoot

Step 5. Install iDroid

Rocks..pebbles...and sand

Disable write protection error for usbdrive

how to Disable write protection from pendrive

Reset Windows 7 Local Administrator Password

Rooting your Android device is a good

Samsung Galaxy S Boot Loop / Dead Internal SD - Solution

Nandroid Backup for Android Phones

What is Nandroid Backup?

Pre-requisites:

1. Rooted Device:

2. Custom Recovery

Steps to Perform a Nandroid Backup via Recovery and ROM Manager:

Backup and Restore via Recovery:

Restore from a Nandroid Backup via Recovery:

Backup and Restore Using ROM Manager:

Final Thoughts:

Virtual trial room

GOOGLE EASTER EGGS

The 12 steps of the Suryanamaskara

IIS 7 hosted sites not accessible from remote machines

BIOS passwords

VMware, VirtualBox, Virtual PC or Other Desktop Virtualization Software