<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:blogger='http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849</id><updated>2024-09-24T16:31:42.307-07:00</updated><category term="tigle metalice"/><title type='text'>Dan Erceanu</title><subtitle type='html'>diriginte de santier si de produse din constructii</subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default?redirect=false'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default?start-index=26&amp;max-results=25&amp;redirect=false'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>84</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-5121519822894938386</id><published>2014-07-22T03:40:00.002-07:00</published><updated>2014-07-22T03:43:10.494-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Cat costa o casa la rosu </title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNxiaWn92UEu_OIkdcMFDJ7WE-Qm_eqN2kXquU_pN0VmnhEUbvjHgQZCJMHtam_2GBpgNHKgs4chEUWBrujVD6L9vo0W8Ji0EUGnzZm7FlpoiSCzaPbwslX9DDdRH450X3u5cKzVCXRu49/s1600/ProiectecasemicisantiercasaGlina.JPG&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNxiaWn92UEu_OIkdcMFDJ7WE-Qm_eqN2kXquU_pN0VmnhEUbvjHgQZCJMHtam_2GBpgNHKgs4chEUWBrujVD6L9vo0W8Ji0EUGnzZm7FlpoiSCzaPbwslX9DDdRH450X3u5cKzVCXRu49/s1600/ProiectecasemicisantiercasaGlina.JPG&quot; height=&quot;240&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Costurile legate de manopera si materiale pentru construirea unei case 
reprezinta principalul aspect pe care il avem in vedere atunci cand ne 
alegem echipa de constructori. Diferentele de pret intre ofertanti sunt 
foarte mari si atunci evident ca ne punem intrebarea de unde aceste 
diferente, de ce unii ofera preturi foarte mici, iar altii preturi 
foarte mari.&lt;br /&gt;
Pentru a raspunde la aceasta intrebare, trebuie sa vedem ce anume intra in calcul pentru stabilirea costului unei case la rosu.&lt;br /&gt;
In primul rand, materialele. Presupunem ca vom executa o casa din cadre de beton armat si ziduri din caramida.&lt;br /&gt;
Materialele care intra intr-o astfel de constructie sunt:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;betonul&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;armatura&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;cofrajele&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;materialele pentru hidroizolatii&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;pietrisul pentru ruperea capilaritatii apei&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;foliile PVC,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;termoizolatiile din polistiren extrudat si polistiren expandat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;caramida&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;mortarul&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;lemnul pentru sarpanta (capriori, popi, pane, clesti, astereala)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;cuiele pentru (cofraje si pentru sarpanta)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;diverse consumabile (panze de flex, cabluri, sarma pentru armatura)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;
Principala confuzie pe care o fac intentionat unele echipe de 
constructori, pentru a oferi preturi cat mai mici, este aceea ca pretul 
comunicat va contine doar costurile betonului, armaturii, caramizii si a
 manoperei, fara a mai lua in calcul toate celelalte materiale enumerate
 mai sus. Scopul este de a semna contractul de executie, dupa care vor 
incepe surprizele legate de cheltuieli.&lt;br /&gt;
O alta modalitate de reducere a costurilor la materiale (fiindca, in 
definitiv, aici se face marea diferenta dintre preturile 
constructorilor), este aceea de a nesocoti proiectul casei, 
explicandu-va ca inginerul a pus prea mult fier in casa si ca nu asa se 
face o casa, ca stiu ei mai bine ce spun fiindca au construit zeci de 
case la viata lor. De expresia &quot;dar ce faceti aici, un buncar?&quot; va veti 
lovi in mai toate discutiile pe care le veti avea cu constructorii. 
Astfel, oferindu-va un pret de, sa presupunem, 110eur/mp, 
conditionandu-va sa lucrati cu materialele lor, vor inlocui fierul de 16
 cu cel de 14, pe cel de 14 cu fier de 12 etc.&lt;br /&gt;
Un alt aspect care contribuie la calculul pretului de construire este 
proximitatea echipei de constructori. Evident ca daca alegem o echipa 
locala, cat mai apropiata de obiectivul de executat, vom reduce 
cheltuielile legate de cazare si masa.&lt;br /&gt;
In concluzie, atunci cand cautam o echipa de constructori, trebuie sa 
luam in calcul toate aspectele de mai sus si trebuie sa ne gandim bine 
la ce inseamna un pret mic pentru o lucrare.&lt;br /&gt;
Cea mai buna modalitate de stabilire a pretului de constructie a casei 
este acela de a vi se intocmi un deviz bazat pe listele de cantitati si 
materiale furnizate de catre proiectant, la care sa se adauge si 
cheltuielile legate de consumabile, cuie, sarma de montaj si altele, 
care nu sunt deloc neglijabile.&lt;br /&gt;
Astfel, cel mai corect pret este cel stabilit in urma unui deviz si nu cel stabilit pe metru patrat.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/5121519822894938386/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2014/07/costurile-legate-de-manopera-si.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/5121519822894938386'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/5121519822894938386'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2014/07/costurile-legate-de-manopera-si.html' title='Cat costa o casa la rosu '/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNxiaWn92UEu_OIkdcMFDJ7WE-Qm_eqN2kXquU_pN0VmnhEUbvjHgQZCJMHtam_2GBpgNHKgs4chEUWBrujVD6L9vo0W8Ji0EUGnzZm7FlpoiSCzaPbwslX9DDdRH450X3u5cKzVCXRu49/s72-c/ProiectecasemicisantiercasaGlina.JPG" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-7724586366909038647</id><published>2014-03-03T02:10:00.003-08:00</published><updated>2014-03-03T02:10:39.254-08:00</updated><title type='text'>  Polistirenul grafitat – de ce este o alegere buna? </title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-left: .5in; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8963864802906463849&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8963864802906463849&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Definirea
termenului “grafitat”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Polistirenul grafitat este imbogatit cu praf de grafit, o forma naturala a
carbonului. Fiind o tehnologie mai noua decat polistirenul expandat normal
acesta ofera avantaje multiple, putand fi utilizat la izolatia termica a casei
atat in exterior, cat si in interior, asigurand un confort termic si fonic
optim.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
Polistirenul grafitat este folosit cu preponderenta pentru placarea peretilor
la exterior, oferind duritate si rezistenta sporite. Combinatia cu praful de
grafit face ca acest polistiren sa fereasca constructia de radiatiile solare. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;Principiul de functionare&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Una dintre marile intrebari de care se lovesc cei care se afla in plin proces
de construire a unei case este legata de termoizolatia optima. Polistirenul
grafitat ofera o termoizolatie optima ce va reduce intr-o anumita proportie
costurile de intretinere, reusind sa pastreze iarna caldura in interiorul
incaperilor, iar in timpul verii oferind un mediu racoros prin capacitatea
crescuta de reflexie a radiatiilor calorice. Avantajul izolatiei termice
imbunatatite la aceeasi grosime a placilor de polistiren se rasfrange in mod
pozitiv si asupra altor elemente ale sistemului de termoizolatie. De exemplu,
pentru a obtine aceeasi izolatie oferita de un polistiren grafitat de 10cm
grosime, ar trebui sa folosim un polistiren expandat clasic (alb) de minimum 12
cm. Pentru montarea acestuia este necesara utilizarea unor profile de soclu mai
groase, a unor dibluri mult mai lungi si poate un numar mai mare pe unitatea de
suprafata. De asemenea, este mai greu de transportat din punct de vedere al
volumului manipulat etc. Toate aceste costuri se aduna si compenseaza intr-o
anumita masura pretul putin mai mare ale polistirenului grafitat. Acest lucru
se datoreaza faptului ca polistirenul grafitat are o conductivitate termica mai
mica decat cea a polistirenului expandat normal. Conductivitatea termica este o
marime fizica prin care se caracterizeaza capacitatea unui material de a
transmite caldura atunci cand este supus unei anumite diferente de temperatura.
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Concluzii si beneficii&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Concluzionand, polistirenul grafitat este o alegere excelenta, fiind o
alternativa demna de luat in seama pentru cei care isi doresc un produs de
calitate, beneficiind si de alte avantaje precum: porozitate deschisa,
flexibilitate si elasticitate. In acest fel, el poate fi aplicat pe exteriorul
cladirii fara a mai fi nevoie de o tencuiala in prealabil (poate fi montat
direct pe zidarie).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/7724586366909038647/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2014/03/polistirenul-grafitat-de-ce-este-o.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/7724586366909038647'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/7724586366909038647'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2014/03/polistirenul-grafitat-de-ce-este-o.html' title='  Polistirenul grafitat – de ce este o alegere buna? '/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-4741754383478914654</id><published>2014-03-03T01:55:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2014-03-03T01:55:40.023-08:00</updated><title type='text'> De ce sa iti protejezi acoperisul cu folie anticondens? </title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
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   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
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   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
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   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;19&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;21&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;31&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot;/&gt;
 &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt;
&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt;
&lt;style&gt;
 /* Style Definitions */
 table.MsoNormalTable
 {mso-style-name:&quot;Table Normal&quot;;
 mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
 mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
 mso-style-noshow:yes;
 mso-style-priority:99;
 mso-style-qformat:yes;
 mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;
 mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
 mso-para-margin:0in;
 mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
 font-size:10.0pt;
 font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;
 mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;}
&lt;/style&gt;
&lt;![endif]--&gt;

&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 1;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;&quot;&gt;Folia anticondens este un accesoriu pentru acoperiș
nou pe piața din România. Însă, pe măsură ce românii devin din ce în ce mai
informați cu privire la beneficiile pe care aceasta le prezintă pentru acoperiș
și confortul persoanelor care locuiesc într-o locuință protejată cu acest tip
de folie, folia anticondens începe să devină populară și să fie din ce în ce
mai căutată.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 1;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 1;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;
 &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;
  &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;
  &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;
  &lt;w:TrackMoves/&gt;
  &lt;w:TrackFormatting/&gt;
  &lt;w:PunctuationKerning/&gt;
  &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/&gt;
  &lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;
  &lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;
  &lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;
  &lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF/&gt;
  &lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;EN-US&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt;
  &lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt;
  &lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;
  &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;
   &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;
   &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;
   &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;
   &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;
   &lt;w:DontGrowAutofit/&gt;
   &lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/&gt;
   &lt;w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/&gt;
   &lt;w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/&gt;
   &lt;w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/&gt;
   &lt;w:Word11KerningPairs/&gt;
   &lt;w:CachedColBalance/&gt;
  &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;
  &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;
  &lt;m:mathPr&gt;
   &lt;m:mathFont m:val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot;/&gt;
   &lt;m:brkBin m:val=&quot;before&quot;/&gt;
   &lt;m:brkBinSub m:val=&quot;&amp;#45;-&quot;/&gt;
   &lt;m:smallFrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;/&gt;
   &lt;m:dispDef/&gt;
   &lt;m:lMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;
   &lt;m:rMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;
   &lt;m:defJc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;/&gt;
   &lt;m:wrapIndent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;/&gt;
   &lt;m:intLim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;/&gt;
   &lt;m:naryLim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt;
&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;
 &lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=&quot;false&quot; DefUnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
  DefSemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; DefQFormat=&quot;false&quot; DefPriority=&quot;99&quot;
  LatentStyleCount=&quot;267&quot;&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;0&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Normal&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 7&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 8&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 9&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 7&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 8&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 9&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;35&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;caption&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;10&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Title&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; Name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;11&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtitle&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;22&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Strong&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;20&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Emphasis&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;59&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Table Grid&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;No Spacing&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
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&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8963864802906463849&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8963864802906463849&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;&quot;&gt;Folia
anticondens are în principiu rolul de a asigura etanșarea și ventilarea
acoperișului, menir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;&quot;&gt;ea
ei având drept rezultat prelungirea vieții acestuia și asigurarea unui design
compact și elegant. &lt;br /&gt;
Practic, folia anticondens protejează acoperișul de efectele dăunătoare pe care
le generează umiditatea. Aceasta poate fi asemănată cu o membrană, ce se
montează în partea exterioară a acoperișului, sub învelitoare. Poate fi montată
direct pe căpriori sau peste astereală. După cum se știe, umiditatea este una
dintre problemele cele mai des întâlnite în interiorul unei clădiri. Protejarea
acoperișului cu folie anticondens garantează eliminarea vaporilor ce se
formează sub învelitoare. Mai mult decât atât, folia anticondens nu permite umezelii
exterioare să pătrundă și protejează acoperișul de factori naturali precum
vânt, ploi și variații de temperatură.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Folia anticondens joacă un rol cheie în ventilarea acoperișului, preluând
diferențele de temperatură, o problemă mai ales în cazul acoperișurilor
realizate din tablă. Deși în construcții se utilizează și folii de polietilenă,
trebuie menționat că acest tip de folie nu permite difuzarea vaporilor și
eliminarea umidității. Ca urmare, folia de polietilenă devine casantă sub
acțiunea razelor soarelui și se deteriorează. &lt;br /&gt;
Folia anticondens este indicată mai ales în cazul locuințelor cu mansarde
locuibile, unde condensul este o problemă uzuală.&lt;br /&gt;
Este recomandat ca în momentul achiziționării foliei anticondens să se țină
cont de coeficientul de difuzie a vaporilor (Sd). Pentru o protecție optimă,
acesta trebuie să fie mai mic sau egal cu 0,5m. De asemenea, este indicat ca
folia anticondens să fie însoțită de un certificat de calitate european. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Există folie anticondens în două și trei straturi. Evident, folia anticondens
în trei straturi este cea mai performantă pentru că asigură un sistem de
ventilare superior și suportă cantități mult mai mari de apă decât folia
anticondens în două straturi. Folia anticondens în trei straturi este ideală
pentru acoperișurile realizate din bitum, aceste acoperișuri nepermițând
ventilarea locuinței sub nici o formă. Acest tip de folie este preferata celor
care au sarcina de a o monta și pentru că elimină reflexia orbitoare a luminii
în folie, permițând o montare mult mai facilă.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Foliile anticondens pot fi folosite pentru acoperișuri înclinate, ventilate sau
neventilate, sub țiglă metalică, ceramică sau din beton. Pot fi folosite atât
pentru acoperișuri cu astereală, cât și pentru acoperișuri ce nu sunt prevăzute
cu astereală. Folia poate fi montată înainte de livrarea tablei tip țiglă,
astfel că locuința va fi protejată împotriva intemperiilor, chiar și înainte de
montarea sistemului de acoperiș. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Datorită caracteristicilor sale, utilizarea foliei anticondens va determina
diminuarea energiei folosite pentru încălzire, dovedindu-se a fi o modalitate
eficientă de a economisi &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.misiuneacasa.ro/forum/&quot; title=&quot;Click to Continue &amp;gt; by Savings Addon&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;bani&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-field-code: &amp;quot; HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.misiuneacasa\.ro\/forum\/\0022 \\o \0022\\\0022Click to Continue &amp;gt; by Savings Addon\\\0022 &amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-no-proof: yes;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-ignore: vglayout;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;http://cdncache-a.akamaihd.net/items/it/img/arrow-10x10.png&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;10&quot; src=&quot;file:///C:\Users\Dan\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image002.gif&quot; width=&quot;10&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;&quot;&gt;

&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/4741754383478914654/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2014/03/de-ce-sa-iti-protejezi-acoperisul-cu.html#comment-form' title='2 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/4741754383478914654'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/4741754383478914654'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2014/03/de-ce-sa-iti-protejezi-acoperisul-cu.html' title=' De ce sa iti protejezi acoperisul cu folie anticondens? '/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-7091711773402498336</id><published>2014-03-03T01:48:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2014-03-03T01:49:31.231-08:00</updated><title type='text'>DEGIVRAREA ELECTRICA</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.misiuneacasa.ro/forum/content.php/58-Degivrarea-electrica#comments&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-no-proof: yes;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=8963864802906463849&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Desi ne
bucuram de peisajul complet alb, este nevoie sa luam anumite masuri pentru a
trece mai usor de iarna, fara ca gerul si zapada abundenta sa ne strice
planurile.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Vom aborda in acest articol subiectul degivrarii electrice cu cabluri. Concret
este vorba, asa cum am amintit anterior, de niste cabluri rotunde sau plate de
tipul cablurilor INTENC, comparatia fiind valida strict din punct de vedere
vizual. In realitate, constructia interna si externa este facuta cu materiale
speciale si tehnologii diferite in functie de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.misiuneacasa.ro/forum/&quot; title=&quot;Click to Continue &amp;gt; by Savings Addon&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;producator&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-field-code: &amp;quot; HYPERLINK \0022http\:\/\/www\.misiuneacasa\.ro\/forum\/\0022 \\o \0022\\\0022Click to Continue &amp;gt; by Savings Addon\\\0022 &amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-no-proof: yes;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-ignore: vglayout;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;http://cdncache-a.akamaihd.net/items/it/img/arrow-10x10.png&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;10&quot; src=&quot;file:///C:\Users\Dan\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image006.gif&quot; width=&quot;10&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.
Toate acestea sunt necesare pentru ca produsul sa reziste la temperaturi
extreme, radiatii UV si solicitari mecanice. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.misiuneacasa.ro/forum/attachment.php?attachmentid=80753&amp;amp;d=1391009480&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-ignore: vglayout;&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;goog_1703768941&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;goog_1703768942&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Poti
folosi aceste sisteme pentru a preveni depunerea zapezii sau formarea poleiului
pe caile de acces pietonale sau auto, pe aleile din jurul casei, pe pantele
garajelor sau alte zone care necesita deszapezire. Zonele acoperisului din
apropierea jgheaburilor, jgheaburile si burlanele pot fi protejate de inghet si
formarea turturilor cu ajutorul acelorasi cabluri. Lichidele din conductele
metalice sau PVC care traverseaza incaperi neincalzite sau sunt plasate in
exterior pot ingheta si pot cauza spargerea acestora sau deteriorarea
robinetilor si probleme in alimentarea cu apa sau intrarea in avarie a anumitor
echipamente. Izolatia nu ne scapa de aceste probleme pentru ca, uneori, nu are
ce izola; caldura trebuie sa existe pentru a putea fi izolata.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Din nou poti interveni cu cablul de degivrare. Aceste cabluri pot fi folosite
si pentru un comfort sporit in locuinta, respectiv pentru incalzirea
pardoselii. Sistemul nu produce zgomot, este eficient si fiabil, deoarece nu
implica piese in miscare (pompe, fluide etc.).&lt;br /&gt;
Exista multi producatori, calitati diferite si aplicatii diverse, alegerea insa
se face dupa urmatoarele criterii:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;goog_279032435&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;goog_279032436&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;ul type=&quot;circle&quot;&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 1.0in;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Domeniul de temperaturi in care estimam ca vom folosi
      sistemul – aici compensarea necesarului de caldura se face si &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;prin multitudinea cablurilor dispuse pe o suprafata
      sau de-a lungul unui traseu sau prin alegerea unui cablu de putere mai
      mare. Puterea este data in Watt/metru, uzual se lucreaza cu puteri de 10,
      20 sau 30W/m;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 1.0in;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Unde folosim cablul – la exterior expus radiatiilor
      solare, ingropat sau in interior;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 1.0in;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Capacitatea de alimentare a bransamentului care va
      alimenta sistemul – un sistem extins pe o suprafata mare atinge valori
      ale consumului de energie care necesita bransamente trifazate;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 1.0in;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Bugetul alocat – trebuie sa ai in vedere ca, spre
      exemplu, daca pentru zona montana sunt necesare 3 conductoare paralele
      pentru degivrarea corecta a unui jgheab, nu vei face mare lucru daca din
      economie vei folosi un singur cablu incalzitor;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-left: .5in; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Un
alt criteriu de impartire a acestor cabluri vizeaza capacitatea de a a-si
modifica capacitatea de incalzire in functie de temperatura. Astfel, exista
cabluri cu autoreglare si fara autoreglare. Cablul cu autoreglare se
alimenteaza la tensiune cand este necesara functionarea lui fie manual, fie
prin intermediul unei automatizari. Acest lucru se datoreaza unui material
intern special ce isi creste capacitatea de incalzire cand temperatura scade si
invers. Practic, intre doua conductoare exista un material a carui rezistenta
scade odata cu temperatura. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cablurile de incalzire fara autoreglare au nevoie neaparat de o automatizare
care sa le porneasca un anumit interval de timp si doar atunci cand este nevoie
in functie de temperatura si umiditate. Un cablu fara autoreglare lasat
alimentat perioade mari de timp se deterioreaza usor. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cei care comercializeaza aceste produse te vor ajuta sa gasesti solutia optima.
Avand in vedere ca utilizarea acestor produse se face fie in exterior, fie in
zone cu conducte si implica intotdeauna umezeala este necesar ca de instalare
sa se ocupe numai un montator autorizat. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Toate avantajele de mai sus nu vin gratis; un sistem de degivrare este bine de
luat in calcul la constructia casei, deoarece implementarea ulterioara creste
si mai mult costurile. Pe langa cheltuielile cu echipamentul si montajul
trebuie sa tii cont ca suprafetele de incalzit vor influenta direct
proportional factura la energia electrica. Daca alegi aceste sisteme te sfatuim
sa le folosesti strict unde se impune degivrarea, iar in restul curtii sa lasi
zapada sa se depuna si sa creeze un frumos decor alb.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/7091711773402498336/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2014/03/degivrarea-electrica.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/7091711773402498336'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/7091711773402498336'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2014/03/degivrarea-electrica.html' title='DEGIVRAREA ELECTRICA'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-7981520620104307385</id><published>2014-02-28T04:46:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2014-02-28T04:46:40.666-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Caramida, lemn, BCA, BCU, metal, boltari, chirpici, … Partea I</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&quot;entry-title&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://construireacasei.wordpress.com/2013/03/05/caramida-lemn-bca-bcu-metal-boltari-chirpici-partea-i/&quot; rel=&quot;bookmark&quot;&gt;Caramida, lemn, BCA, BCU, metal, boltari, chirpici, … Partea&amp;nbsp;I&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;entry-meta&quot;&gt;
									&lt;span class=&quot;meta-prep meta-prep-author&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://construireacasei.wordpress.com/2013/03/05/caramida-lemn-bca-bcu-metal-boltari-chirpici-partea-i/&quot; rel=&quot;bookmark&quot; title=&quot;20:48&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;entry-date&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;by-author&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sep&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;author vcard&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Va provoc la o intrebare care ii framanta pe cei mai multi beneficiari: &lt;strong&gt;din ce material sa construiesc?&lt;/strong&gt; Optiunile ar fi (in ordinea frecventei) urmatoarele: &lt;strong&gt;caramida, lemn, BCA, BCU, metal.&lt;/strong&gt; Desigur, mai exista optiuni: &lt;strong&gt;pamant, lut, chirpici, boltari,&lt;/strong&gt; … insa din ce in ce mai putin folosite.&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;wp-caption aligncenter&quot; id=&quot;attachment_351&quot; style=&quot;width: 650px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://construireacasei.files.wordpress.com/2013/03/caramida-piatra-lemn.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Fier, Caramida, Piatra, Lemn, ...&quot; class=&quot;size-large wp-image-351&quot; height=&quot;956&quot; src=&quot;http://construireacasei.files.wordpress.com/2013/03/caramida-piatra-lemn.jpg?w=960&amp;amp;h=1434&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;wp-caption-text&quot;&gt;
Fier, Caramida, Piatra, Lemn, …&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://construireacasei.files.wordpress.com/2013/03/bloc-ceramic-caramida-tip-porotherm.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444; line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;Cred ca optiunea pentru unul din aceste materiale este, intr-o mare masura, subiectiva.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

Citind parerile expuse online de catre diversi &lt;em&gt;constructori&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;beneficiari&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;comercianti&lt;/em&gt;,
 auzite de la altii sau experimentate de ei, ajungi sa fii foarte 
contrariat! Uneori poti citi informatii absolut contradictorii despre 
unele materiale! Lipsa unor specialisti care sa poata exprima digerabil 
rezultatul dintre tehnic si practic este evidenta.&lt;br /&gt;

In abordarea personala am tras cu ochiul la constructiile din jurul meu (zona de campie, rezidentiala). Constatare:&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;70% sunt construite din caramida eficienta (asa numita Porotherm)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;10 arsa=&quot;&quot; caramida=&quot;&quot; li=&quot;&quot; plina=&quot;&quot; tiganeasca=&quot;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;10 amvic=&quot;&quot; li=&quot;&quot; sistem=&quot;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;10 autoclavizat=&quot;&quot; bca=&quot;&quot; celular=&quot;&quot; eton=&quot;&quot; li=&quot;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;10 lemn=&quot;&quot; li=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/10&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/10&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/10&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/10&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
Nu am vazut inca o casa construita din BCU (Beton Celular Usor) si 
nici cu structura metalica. De asemenea, nu am vazut constructie recenta
 din chirpici sau pamant. Am vazut cate ceva din boltari (mai ales 
subsoluri) dar mai sus, ca pereti ai unei case de locuit, se pare ca 
este una dintre cele mai nefericite alegeri.&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;Sa incepem cu &lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;dezavantajele&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;sau &lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;legendele negative&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;
 care circula despre aceste materiale (subliniez, sunt legende si 
povestiri, gradul de adevar al acestor afirmatii ramane de demonstrat):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;Blocurile ceramice / Caramida eficienta (tip Porotherm)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 16px;&quot;&gt;daca este din cea mai ieftina, nu 
are muchiile drepte = se aliniaza greu, daca este prea coapta = foarte 
casanta, nu poti taia jumatati fara pierderi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;de respectivele ziduri nu poti suspenda corpuri utilizand sisteme de
 prindere normale (se rupe usor, este nevoie de dibluri si holtzsuruburi
 foarte lungi)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;BCA&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 16px;&quot;&gt;se sfaramiteaza la umiditate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;este toxic si&amp;nbsp;emana radiatii&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;nu este portant&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;tencuiala nu se prinde la fel de usor ca pe caramida, necesita atentie, conditii si materiale suplimentare&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;este un izolator termic si fonic mai slab decat caramida eficienta&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;LEMN&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 16px;&quot;&gt;daca nu este o esenta potrivita si 
daca nu este tratat corespunzator, poate fi usor atacat de carii si 
rozatoare (de fapt, aud ca mai toate casele de lemn il gazduiesc Mickey 
Mouse &lt;img alt=&quot;:)&quot; class=&quot;wp-smiley&quot; src=&quot;http://s0.wp.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif?m=1129645325g&quot; /&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;in timp scartaie si nu izoleaza fonic precum betonul&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;riscul de incendiu este o provocare mult mai serioasa&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;intampini greutati sau subevaluari in cazul unei asigurari a constructiei datorita “riscului implicit al lemnului”&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
Avand in vedere faptul ca pentru mine doar primele doua variante mai 
sunt de actualitate, &amp;nbsp;incerc sa dezleg doar una dintre dileme: &lt;strong&gt;Caramida sau BCA&lt;/strong&gt;?&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;strong&gt;Care ar fi termenii dilemei caramida vs. BCA? &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 1.5;&quot;&gt;Acum BCA-ul este putin mai scump 
decat caramida tip Porotherm cea mai ieftina:&amp;nbsp;caramida eficienta, 
incepand cu 175 lei/mc, BCA incepand cu 190 lei/mc.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;BCA-ul se lucreaza mai usor si cu consum mai redus de material – se 
foloseste adeziv in loc de mortar (desi am remarcat la prezentarile 
Porotherm o masinarie speciala care lasa foarte putin mortar intre 
blocurile ceramice)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;BCA-ul lasa suprafete mai drepte decat caramida&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;BCA-ul este mai usor si nu incarca asa de mult constructia precum caramida&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ca si majoritatea tipurilor de caramida eficienta, BCA-ul nu confera
 portanta dar majoritatea caselor se proiecteaza pe structura in cadre, 
fara a se lua in calcul rezistenta peretilor&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;BCA-ul absoarbe umiditatea: pana la o limita este un lucru pozitiv (lipsa igrasiei) abundenta umiditatii il distruge.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Sunt putini cei care construiesc din BCA. De ce? Asa e trendul?&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/7981520620104307385/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2014/02/caramida-lemn-bca-bcu-metal-boltari.html#comment-form' title='1 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/7981520620104307385'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/7981520620104307385'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2014/02/caramida-lemn-bca-bcu-metal-boltari.html' title='Caramida, lemn, BCA, BCU, metal, boltari, chirpici, … Partea I'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-6948046183360532934</id><published>2014-02-28T04:40:00.002-08:00</published><updated>2014-02-28T04:40:28.402-08:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;
Costuri ridicate&lt;/h4&gt;
Un subsol presupune redimensionarea structurii, plus lucrari de hidro
 si termo izolatii, betoane, armaturi, sapaturi, instalatii de 
incalzire, etc. La o casa cu etaj, cu suprafata construita de 150 mp, 
daca adaugam si un subsol de 30 mp e posibil sa avem surpriza unui cost 
suplimentar de minimum 5.000 pana la 15.000 de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.austrocasa.ro/boala-numita-subsol-pivnita-sau-beci/#&quot; id=&quot;_GPLITA_0&quot; style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% transparent ! important; border: medium none ! important; display: inline ! important; float: none ! important; height: auto ! important; margin: 0px ! important; min-height: 0px ! important; min-width: 0px ! important; padding: 0px ! important; text-decoration: underline ! important; vertical-align: baseline ! important; width: auto ! important;&quot; title=&quot;Click to Continue &amp;gt; by Savings Addon&quot;&gt;euro&lt;img src=&quot;http://cdncache-a.akamaihd.net/items/it/img/arrow-10x10.png&quot; style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% transparent ! important; border: medium none ! important; display: inline ! important; float: none ! important; height: 10px ! important; margin: 0px 0px 0px 3px ! important; min-height: 0px ! important; min-width: 0px ! important; padding: 0px ! important; vertical-align: super ! important; width: 10px ! important;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
 si chiar mai mult! In conditiile in care subsolul ajunge sa coste cat o
 garsoniera, sau chiar mai mult, poate ar merita sa ne gandim sa 
schimbam beciul cu altceva. &lt;br /&gt;

&lt;h4&gt;
Hidroizolatia&lt;/h4&gt;
Hidroizolatia subsolului trebuie sa fie foarte bine efectuata, altfel
 putem avea surprize chiar si in zone in care initial studiul geo nu 
arata surse de apa subterana in apropiere de suprafata solului. 
Costurile unei hidroizolatii poate ajunge la cateva mii sau chiar peste 
10.000 de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.austrocasa.ro/boala-numita-subsol-pivnita-sau-beci/#&quot; id=&quot;_GPLITA_1&quot; style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% transparent ! important; border: medium none ! important; display: inline ! important; float: none ! important; height: auto ! important; margin: 0px ! important; min-height: 0px ! important; min-width: 0px ! important; padding: 0px ! important; text-decoration: underline ! important; vertical-align: baseline ! important; width: auto ! important;&quot; title=&quot;Click to Continue &amp;gt; by Savings Addon&quot;&gt;euro&lt;img src=&quot;http://cdncache-a.akamaihd.net/items/it/img/arrow-10x10.png&quot; style=&quot;background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% transparent ! important; border: medium none ! important; display: inline ! important; float: none ! important; height: 10px ! important; margin: 0px 0px 0px 3px ! important; min-height: 0px ! important; min-width: 0px ! important; padding: 0px ! important; vertical-align: super ! important; width: 10px ! important;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;h4&gt;
Termoizolatia&lt;/h4&gt;
Daca dorim o casa moderna cu izolatie eficienta, costurile izolarii 
unui beci se dubleaza fata de costurile izolarii termice a unei fundatii
 normale, fara spatii la subsol. &lt;br /&gt;

&lt;h4&gt;
Crama la subsol&lt;/h4&gt;
Daca nu suntem deja posesorii unei colectii de vinuri vechi si scumpe
 pe care nu avem cum sa le pastram in conditii bune, cu siguranta ca o 
crama nu va fi decat un spatiu care va cere o investitie suplimentara de
 mobilier si care are toate sansele sa fie folosita foarte putin, de 
cateva ori pe an. &lt;br /&gt;

&lt;h4&gt;
Probleme reale de sanatate&lt;/h4&gt;
Orice subsol poate determina grave probleme de sanatate, datorita 
mucegaiului si a emanatiilor de gaze din sol. La noi, diferentele de 
temperatura intre anotimpuri sunt foarte mari, de aceea reactiile 
peretilor si structurii unui subsol sunt imprevizibile, chiar daca 
proiectarea si executia au fost realizate profesionist. Numai daca se 
realizeaza o hidroizolatie ca la piscina se pot elimina aceste efecte, 
dar aceasta implica niste costuri greu de suportat, uneori echivalente 
cu pretul casei construite deasupra! &lt;br /&gt;

&lt;h4&gt;
Efecte datorate condensului&lt;/h4&gt;
Un fenomen deja cunoscut: orice masina tinuta intr-un garaj cu 
subsol, va rugini total in cativa ani, mult mai repede decat daca e 
parcata afara sau intr-un garaj fara subsol! &lt;br /&gt;

&lt;h4&gt;
Sugestii de inlocuire a subsolului:&lt;/h4&gt;
- carport sau garaj la suprafata,&lt;br /&gt;
- crama construita ulterior langa bucatarie,&lt;br /&gt;
- beci sub o terasa exterioara deschisa,&lt;br /&gt;
- construirea unei cabane sau casute de lemn in gradina costa mult mai putin decat un beci, etc. &lt;br /&gt;

&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.austrocasa.ro/ZxtZ/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/izolatie-pivnita.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;izolatie-pivnita&quot; class=&quot;alignnone size-full wp-image-8524&quot; height=&quot;364&quot; src=&quot;http://www.austrocasa.ro/ZxtZ/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/izolatie-pivnita.jpg&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/6948046183360532934/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2014/02/costuri-ridicate-un-subsol-presupune.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/6948046183360532934'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/6948046183360532934'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2014/02/costuri-ridicate-un-subsol-presupune.html' title=''/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-7505794267793037322</id><published>2013-07-07T08:17:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2013-07-07T22:27:15.326-07:00</updated><title type='text'>CUM SA ITI CONSTRUIESTI O CASA</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
(continuare partea aIIa)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Îți propun următoarele:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Aloca o cantitate zdravănă de timp explorări a ceea ce îți dorești, 
ce ai nevoie și ce iți permiți. Probabil că îți dorești camere multe și 
înalte, ai nevoie de 3-4 camere și îți permiți două. Armonizează-ți 
dorința cu nevoie și cu putința așa cum îți voi explica într-un articol 
viitor.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Făcând asta poți creea o schiță sau poți cere cuiva mai priceput să o
 facă. Cu aceasta schiță poți întreba de principiu 2-3 constructori cât 
te costa o astfel de casă. Nu îl alege pe cel mai ieftin și adaugă 
30-50% la suma enunțată. Dacă îți permiți această sumă fără sa mori de 
foame ulterior și dacă costul nu este mai mare decât al unei case de 
cumpărat care să răspundă la cerințele tale poți trece la pasul următor.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Acum ști în mare ce vrei. Cere-i unui arhitect bun o schiță. Nu 
costă foarte mult să îți facă niște partiuri și niște fațade. Aceste 
planuri nu trebuie sa fie nici prea generale pentru ca nu au nici o 
valoare dar nici prea detaliate pentru ca o sa dureze si coste prea 
mult.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Cu aceste schite prezintă-te la 4-5 constructori de la care ai 
referințe și cere-le o cotație cât mai detaliată. Nu accepta o cotație 
de genul 500Euro/mp asa cum probabil era suficient la punctul 2. 
Solicită și asigură-te că primești o cotație de genul 12.894 cărămizi și
 2.964.367 cuie …. și X ore de muncă pentru ridicat pereții și Y ore de 
munca pentru ….tot asa punct cu punct de la A la Z. Peste cotația lor 
mai adaugă 20-25% și vei ajunge să ști cam cât te va costa casa. Te rog 
nu uita valoarea terenului, taxele notariale, impozite, autorizații, 
avize, TVA, disciplina în construcții, branșamente utilități, etc, etc.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Cu prețul și durata construcției aflate verifică oferta de pe piața 
caselor gata construite. Exista case care să corespundă cerințelor tale 
exprimate la punctul 1 și care să fie deja gata sau gata mai repede 
decât timpul necesar ție și care să coste la fel sau mai puțin decât 
prețul pe care l-ai obținut tu? Dacă da și poți verifica calitatea 
construcției și a materialelor, dacă locația este favorabilă atunci cred
 că trebuie să alegi această variantă. Numai tu poți hotărâ. Nu te 
grăbi. Consulta-te cu familia și cu prietenii, vei mai multe oferte, 
gândește-te bine și în 2-3 luni decide-te.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Concluzionând: &lt;/b&gt;După ce ști exact ce iți dorești 
trebuie să transpui dorințele tale în niște schițe și să obții un preț 
ferm și exact care să cuprindă absolut toate costurile, operațiunile și 
neprevazutele. Acel cost îl compari cu cel al unor case deja construite 
care corespund întocmai dorințelor tale și a căror calitate poate fi 
verificată. Dacă nu găsești ceea ce iți dorești sau nu este de calitate 
sau este mai scump atunci construiește-ți singur casă. Dacă nu atunci &lt;b&gt;NU&lt;/b&gt; o fă. Chinul și riscul nu merită.&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/7505794267793037322/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2013/07/cum-sa-iti-construiesti-o-casa.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/7505794267793037322'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/7505794267793037322'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2013/07/cum-sa-iti-construiesti-o-casa.html' title='CUM SA ITI CONSTRUIESTI O CASA'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-4009108232600249398</id><published>2013-07-07T07:59:00.002-07:00</published><updated>2013-07-07T07:59:35.283-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Cum sa iti construiesti casa</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://alexgraur.wordpress.com/cum-sa-iti-construiesti-casa/&quot; rel=&quot;bookmark&quot; title=&quot;Cum sa iti construiesti casa&quot;&gt;Cum sa iti construiesti&amp;nbsp;casa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;
(de vorba cu bloggerii- astazi Alexandru Graur) &lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #ff7800;&quot;&gt;1) INTRODUCERE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

Construcția sau cumpărarea unei case este o încercare foarte grea și 
cu responsabilitate extrem de mare. Este destul de ușor să greșești iar 
dacă o faci poți trage toată viața. Toți încearcă să profite de tine. 
Agentul imobiliar, constructorul, arhitectul, autoritățile încearcă să 
îți ia banii să te fure sau să își facă treaba de mântuială. Ne e nimeni
 dezinteresat care să te ajute.&lt;br /&gt;

Eu am căpătat experiență construind mai multe vile și funcționând doi
 ani ca și director comercial la Impact SA. Pot crede că le pot da un 
sfat bun celor care se aventurează în direcția construirii, 
recondiționării sau cumpărării unei vile.&lt;br /&gt;

Deoarece nu am timp să fac din asta o activitate din care să câștig 
bani voi pune la dispoziția tuturor celor interesați o serie de articole
 având teme precum alegerea variantei optime construcție sau cumpărare, 
alegerea terenului, a arhitectului și/sau arhitecturii, alegerea 
constructorului și tot așa până la corpurile de iluminat și a 
proiectului de iluminare sau de decorare a grădini.&lt;br /&gt;

Este un proiect de durata, un fel de carte, la care mă voi înhăma. 
Pentru a primi constant ultimele articole din acest ciclu cel mai bine 
este să vă abonați prin E-mail (sus stânga pe fiecare pagină).&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #ff7800;&quot;&gt;2) CUMPAR SAU CONSTRUIESC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

Alegerea între varianta comparări unei case și ce a construiri ei 
este extrem de importanta și de dificilă. Ca urmare trebuie tratată cu 
maximum de seriozitate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Entuziasmul este un aliat extraordinar în tot ceea ce facem și poate 
principalul aliat atunci când construiești ceva, orice. Cu toate astea 
câte odată poate fi și un dușman. A te arunca cu capul înainte la 
construcția casei fără să gândești sau să planifici în detaliu, fără să 
consulți familia, fără să te sfătuiești cu cei care au mai trecut prin 
asta poate fi fatal. Entuziasmul este bun dar la fel de bune sunt și 
mintea limpede și clarviziunea.&lt;br /&gt;

Cumpăr sau construiesc este o decizie unde entuziasmul și planificarea atentă trebuie să se îmbine armonios.&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;strong&gt;Avantaje pentru varianta construcție:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt; Casa va fi mai aproape de dorințele și nevoile tale deoarece se 
proiectează și construiește sub supravegherea ta și cu acordul tău&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ști exact ce materiale și sisteme pui în ea și e mult mai greu să construiești o casa proastă spoita frumos&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ești probabil mai mândru de construcția propriei case decât de 
cumpărarea unei construite. O iubești probabil mai mult când este 
“copilul tău”.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Dezavantaje pentru varianta construcție:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt; Perioada de timp de la start și pana la mutarea efectiva este în medie de 2 ani&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt; Muncitorii, sub contractorii, toți cei cu care lucrezi necesita 
supraveghere constanta acest fapt consumând extrem de mult timp.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Este foarte greu sa ști de la început suma finala pe care o vei 
plăti. Mereu exista suplimentari, îți vin idei, intervin lucruri 
neașteptate. Dacă bugetul este la limita cum se întâmplă de multe opri, 
vei avea mari probleme.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Foarte multe riscuri trebuie suportate direct de tine. Voi aborda 
acest capitol ulterior dar îți poți imagina că sunt mii de lucruri ce se
 pot întâmpla și pentru care este extrem de greu să găsești un vinovat 
sau să îți recuperezi prejudiciul de la el.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;De cele mai multe ori nu te pricepi și cu toata buna intenție poți lua decizii foarte greșite și care să te coste foarte mult.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
Probabil te gândești ca un avantaj pentru construcția casei este 
prețul total mai redus. În unele cazuri poate fi așa. Constructorii și 
dezvoltatorii din România obișnuiau să câștige 30-50% și deci este 
foarte mult loc pentru a construi o casă mai ieftină. Din păcate de cele
 mai multe ori nu este așa. Cei ce&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;câștigau atât de mult aveau 
totul foarte bine pus la punct. Câștigau din cauză că muncitorii nu 
aveau cum să se facă că muncesc, nu aveau timpi morți, beneficiau de 
reduceri la costul materialelor datorita volumului lor de lucrări. 
Proiectele lor sunt standard și în general nu acceptă modificări. Sume 
uriașe se salvează prin standardizare și se pierd făcând și apoi 
stricând deoarece m-am răzgândit sau nu îmi place.&lt;br /&gt;

În consecință argumentul prețului trebuie cântărit cu atenție de la 
situație la situație. Dacă ești inginer constructor și ai mai ridicat o 
mulțime de case, atunci în mod sigur va fi mai ieftin să construiești 
decât să cumperi o casă. Dacă nu ai bătut în viata ta un cui este foarte
 probabil să te coste mai mult construcția decât cumpărarea casei chiar 
dacă consideri doar banii plătiți și nu și timpul investit.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
(va urma) &lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/4009108232600249398/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2013/07/cum-sa-iti-construiesti-casa.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/4009108232600249398'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/4009108232600249398'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2013/07/cum-sa-iti-construiesti-casa.html' title='Cum sa iti construiesti casa'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-4853569992632323396</id><published>2013-07-01T03:22:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2013-07-01T03:22:30.456-07:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;
PROIECTUL COMPLET&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Este nevoie de intocmirea proiectelor tehnice (PT) de arhitectura, 
structuri si instalatii, impreuna cu antemasuratorile aferente, precum 
si detalii de executie (DDE). Din PT se extrage PAC-ul (proiect de 
autorizare de construire), cu ajutorul caruia se obtine Autorizatia de 
Construire.
Se impune astfel o conlucrare la nivelul tuturor specialitatilor: 
arhitectura, structuri, instalatii termice, sanitare, electrice si de 
curenti slabi, pentru a reduce pierderile financiare suferite la 
realizarea investitiei si cauzate de lipsa unei planificari 
interdisciplinare. Iar aceasta planificare este realizata in mod curent 
de catre arhitect, care ar trebui sa sfatuiasca beneficiarul inca de la 
stabilirea datelor de tema pentru o constructie si pana la finalizarea 
ei.
Multi investitori apeleaza la arhitect doar pentru obtinerea 
autorizatiei de construire, prin realizarea PAC-ului, dar ignora faptul 
ca acea casa trebuie ridicata si nu oricum. Practic, un proiect complet 
de arhitectura trebuie sa le cuprinda pe toate cele privind instalatiile
 si detaliile de executie, nu doar desenele sau imaginile frumoase 
vazute pe calculator. De aici rezulta necesitatea constientizarii 
importantei fiecarei &quot;felii&quot; a proiectului de arhitectura, si deci 
intelegerea costurilor ce rezulta in final, care nu pot fi facute decat 
pe baza proiectului complet.    &lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/4853569992632323396/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2013/07/proiectul-complet-este-nevoie-de.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/4853569992632323396'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/4853569992632323396'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2013/07/proiectul-complet-este-nevoie-de.html' title=''/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-5825488483908022382</id><published>2013-07-01T00:35:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2013-07-01T00:37:24.476-07:00</updated><title type='text'>CUM TREBUIE DEMARATA ACTIUNEA SA-MI FAC CASA!</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;&quot;&gt;CAPITOLUL 1 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;&quot;&gt;CUM TREBUIE SA DEMAREZI
ACTIUNEA : SA-MI FAC CASA!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;&quot;&gt;Structura de costuri.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Preţul mediu al unui metru pătrat de construcţie la cheie
este de 350-550 euro, la care urmează să se adauge alte costuri de proiectare,
marketing , finanţare etc.TOTUL SE RAPORTEAZA LA ARIA CONSTRUITA A CASEI.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 19.2pt 38.4pt .8in 76.8pt 96.0pt 1.6in 134.4pt 153.6pt 2.4in 192.0pt 211.2pt 3.2in 249.6pt 268.8pt 4.0in 307.2pt 326.4pt 4.8in 364.8pt 384.0pt 5.6in 422.4pt 441.6pt 6.4in 480.0pt 499.2pt 7.2in 537.6pt 556.8pt 8.0in 595.2pt 614.4pt; text-autospace: none;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt;&quot;&gt;Valorile (fără TVA) ce pot sta la
baza acestei aproximări sunt:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 19.2pt 38.4pt .8in 76.8pt 96.0pt 1.6in 134.4pt 153.6pt 2.4in 192.0pt 211.2pt 3.2in 249.6pt 268.8pt 4.0in 307.2pt 326.4pt 4.8in 364.8pt 384.0pt 5.6in 422.4pt 441.6pt 6.4in 480.0pt 499.2pt 7.2in 537.6pt 556.8pt 8.0in 595.2pt 614.4pt; text-autospace: none;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 19.2pt 38.4pt .8in 76.8pt 96.0pt 1.6in 134.4pt 153.6pt 2.4in 192.0pt 211.2pt 3.2in 249.6pt 268.8pt 4.0in 307.2pt 326.4pt 4.8in 364.8pt 384.0pt 5.6in 422.4pt 441.6pt 6.4in 480.0pt 499.2pt 7.2in 537.6pt 556.8pt 8.0in 595.2pt 614.4pt; text-autospace: none;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;8-10 euro/mp pentru proiectare (arhitectura
+ rezistenta + instalații + avize)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 19.2pt 38.4pt .8in 76.8pt 96.0pt 1.6in 134.4pt 153.6pt 2.4in 192.0pt 211.2pt 3.2in 249.6pt 268.8pt 4.0in 307.2pt 326.4pt 4.8in 364.8pt 384.0pt 5.6in 422.4pt 441.6pt 6.4in 480.0pt 499.2pt 7.2in 537.6pt 556.8pt 8.0in 595.2pt 614.4pt; text-autospace: none;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;30 euro/mp manopera pentru structura
caselor din lemn&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 19.2pt 38.4pt .8in 76.8pt 96.0pt 1.6in 134.4pt 153.6pt 2.4in 192.0pt 211.2pt 3.2in 249.6pt 268.8pt 4.0in 307.2pt 326.4pt 4.8in 364.8pt 384.0pt 5.6in 422.4pt 441.6pt 6.4in 480.0pt 499.2pt 7.2in 537.6pt 556.8pt 8.0in 595.2pt 614.4pt; text-autospace: none;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;35-45 euro/mp manopera pentru structuri din
zidărie portantă și stâlpișori din beton armat (casa “la roșu”)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 19.2pt 38.4pt .8in 76.8pt 96.0pt 1.6in 134.4pt 153.6pt 2.4in 192.0pt 211.2pt 3.2in 249.6pt 268.8pt 4.0in 307.2pt 326.4pt 4.8in 364.8pt 384.0pt 5.6in 422.4pt 441.6pt 6.4in 480.0pt 499.2pt 7.2in 537.6pt 556.8pt 8.0in 595.2pt 614.4pt; text-autospace: none;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;150-250 euro/metru patrat pentru
o casa “la roșu” (structura), manopera și materiale incluse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 19.2pt 38.4pt .8in 76.8pt 96.0pt 1.6in 134.4pt 153.6pt 2.4in 192.0pt 211.2pt 3.2in 249.6pt 268.8pt 4.0in 307.2pt 326.4pt 4.8in 364.8pt 384.0pt 5.6in 422.4pt 441.6pt 6.4in 480.0pt 499.2pt 7.2in 537.6pt 556.8pt 8.0in 595.2pt 614.4pt; text-autospace: none;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 19.2pt 38.4pt .8in 76.8pt 96.0pt 1.6in 134.4pt 153.6pt 2.4in 192.0pt 211.2pt 3.2in 249.6pt 268.8pt 4.0in 307.2pt 326.4pt 4.8in 364.8pt 384.0pt 5.6in 422.4pt 441.6pt 6.4in 480.0pt 499.2pt 7.2in 537.6pt 556.8pt 8.0in 595.2pt 614.4pt; text-autospace: none;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt;&quot;&gt;Pasii pentru constructia unei case&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;de obicei
arhitectul sau designerul, se studiaza si se iau hotarari cu privire la:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;-
amplasamentul lotului de teren pe care va fi constructia,&lt;br /&gt;
- ce stil de casa dorim: clasic, modern, cu anumite influente, etc. &lt;br /&gt;
- cate persoane vor locui, destinatia casei,&lt;br /&gt;
- stabilirea bugetul aproximativ pe care il vom aloca pentru constructia casei,
&lt;br /&gt;
- structura de compartimentare a casei, tipul constructiv: lemn, clasic, metal.&lt;br /&gt;
- etapele de constructie a casei, perioada constructiei la rosu si apoi la
cheie, peisagistica,&lt;br /&gt;
- aproximarea cat mai realist a sumelor de bani necesare pentru: &lt;br /&gt;
1. Realizarea proiectului de arhitectura, obtinerea avizelor si, intr-un final,
al autorizatiei de constructie.&lt;br /&gt;
2. Realizarea constructiei la rosu. &lt;br /&gt;
3. Realizarea constructiei la cheie. &lt;br /&gt;
4. Lucrari de peisagistica: imprejmuire teren, alei, gazon, copaci, plante,
etc.&lt;br /&gt;
- alegerea firmei de constructii care va efectua lucrarea, negocierea si
stabilirea etapelor lucrarii.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Sfaturi:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;i&gt;- este foarte important cu ce echipa plecati la drum [ arhitecti si
constructori], de obicei acestia sau maestria meseriei acestora fac o casa sa
fie construita mai ieftin sau mai scump, respectiv mai bine sau mai prost.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;i&gt;- cand alegeti constructorul, mergeti impreuna cu acesta pe teren pentru a
vedea ce a construit recent, chiar ar fi bine sa vedeti si echipa cu care
lucreaza. &lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;i&gt;- negociati pretul lucrarii pe etape, niciodata integral, astfel o sa
controlati mai bine bugetul casei, si in cazul aparitiei problemelor puteti sa
opriti lucrarea sau sa schimbati echipa.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 19.2pt 38.4pt .8in 76.8pt 96.0pt 1.6in 134.4pt 153.6pt 2.4in 192.0pt 211.2pt 3.2in 249.6pt 268.8pt 4.0in 307.2pt 326.4pt 4.8in 364.8pt 384.0pt 5.6in 422.4pt 441.6pt 6.4in 480.0pt 499.2pt 7.2in 537.6pt 556.8pt 8.0in 595.2pt 614.4pt; text-autospace: none;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;PROIECTAREA SI
AUTORIZAREA DE CONSTRUIRE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;Dupa ce ati
ales Arhitectul, incercati sa va implicati cat mai mult in munca acestuia
pentru a fii siguri ca toate functiunile casei pe care o construiti for fi
acoperite exact dupa nevoile Dvs. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;Cereti
Arhitectului pe langa planurile cotate cu dimensiuni ale peretilor si
suprafete, inclusiv randari / imagini 3d ale proiectului pentru a studia vizual
volumul casei cat mai bine. Nu ezitati sa cereti modificari / ajustari daca vi
se par necesare, dupa obtinerea autorizatiei acestea nu se vor mai putea face
sau se vor realiza foarte greu.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;Beneficiarul
va trebui sa faca o serie de demersuri pe la primarii, institutii si firme
specializate pentru: obtinerea certificatului de urbanism, studiul topo si geo
al terenului, avizele cerute prin certificatul de urbanism, depunerea dosarului
pentru autorizarea constructiei casei.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;Abia dupa ce
proiectul de arhitectura este finalizat, impreuna cu toate specialitatile:
arhitectura, structura de rezistenta si instalatii [ electrice, sanitare,
termice], cantitati de materiale; veti putea realiza un calcul financiar
realist al investitiei Dvs. intr-o casa la rosu sau o casa la cheie.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 11.0pt;&quot;&gt;Se va
pregati dosarul cu toate documentele si se va depune la Primarie de care
apartine terenul pentru a se obtine autorizatie de construire a casei..&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Sfaturi:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;i&gt;- daca sunteti hotarati sa construiti o casa incepeti colaborarea cu
Arhitectul din timp, pentru realizarea proiectului si obtinerea autorizatiei
este necesara o perioada de timp de la 2 la 4 luni.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;CASA LA ROSU&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt;&quot;&gt;Casa la
rosu&quot; reprezinta constructia casei fara finisaje si fara partea exterioara
a acoperisului. In faza de rosu sunt incluse fundatia, zidaria si structura
acoperisului din lemn.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt;&quot;&gt;De asemenea,
in faza de &quot;casa la rosu&quot; nu este realizata nici partea de instalatii
(cabluri electrice, tevile de apa/gaze, racordare la utilitati), acestea fiind
considerate finisaje.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt;&quot;&gt;Executia
unei case la rosu de cca. 150 mp poate fi cuprinsa intre 2 si 3 luni in functie
de conditiile meteo si tehnice din locatia respectiva&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;CASA LA GRIS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt;&quot;&gt;Casa la gri
reprezinta o casa semifinisata, fata de casa la rosu - aceasta beneficiaza de
urmatoarele finisaje in plus:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt;&quot;&gt;-
termoizolatie / hidroizolatie&lt;br /&gt;
- acoperis cu sistemul complet&lt;br /&gt;
- finisaje pereti interioare / exterioare [ pana la vopsea, parchet, gresie,
faianta, etc]&lt;br /&gt;
- instalatii electrice realizate [ mai putin interupatoare, prize, obiecte
luminoase]&lt;br /&gt;
- tamplarie exterioara, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt;&quot;&gt;CASA LA CHEIE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt;&quot;&gt;&quot;Casa
la cheie&quot; reprezinta constructia cu tot cu finisaje si include: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt;&quot;&gt;- finisaje
exterioare (invelitoare acoperis, geamuri termopan, tencuieli exterioare)&lt;br /&gt;
- finisaje interioare (tencuieli interioare, gresie, faianta, parchet, usi
acces)&lt;br /&gt;
- instalatii sanitare (chiuveta, cada/dus, vas toaleta, robineti bucatarie
/baie, racorduri)&lt;br /&gt;
- instalatii termice (centrala termica, calorifere, racorduri)&lt;br /&gt;
- instalatii electrice (intrerupatoare, prize, retea electrica)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt;&quot;&gt;&quot;Case
la cheie- nu trebuie decat sa va faceti bagajele si sa va mutati! Casele la
cheie sunt cladiri complet finisate, in interior si exterior: toate
instalatiile electrice si utilitare, pardoselile, faianta si vopseaua sunt
incluse in constructie..&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt;&quot;&gt;CE CATEGORII DE LUCRARI MAI INTERVIN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt;&quot;&gt;Dupa ce casa
a fost construita la cheie, nu trebuie sa uitam si spatiul - curtea care o
inconjoara.&lt;br /&gt;
Astfel ca trebuie tinut cont de:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt;&quot;&gt;-
imprejmuirea terenului cu gard, porti intrare&lt;br /&gt;
- alee pentru acces auto, trotuare&lt;br /&gt;
- gratare exterioare / foisoare&lt;br /&gt;
- peisagistica: plante decorative, arbusti, copaci, gazon&lt;br /&gt;
- sistem de iluminare curte&lt;br /&gt;
- piscina descoperita / acoperita&lt;br /&gt;
- garaj / umbrar pentru autoturism&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;Aveti grija cum amplasati casa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;,&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;EXEMPLE:
accesul la garaj sa nu vina chiar in dreptui stalpului!&lt;br /&gt;
Exista si cazul cand terenul dvs. ar putea fi amplasat intre doi stalpi mai
indepartati unul de altui, caz cu totui nefericit din cauza cheltuielilor
suplimentare de bransament si a lipsei totale de lumina pe timpul noptii.&lt;br /&gt;
Din avizele provizorii obtinute pentru teren puteti afla si la ce distanta de
casa dvs. sunt utilitatile precum si nivelul lor fata de sol.&lt;br /&gt;
Distanta minima fata de vecin este de 0.9 m daca nu aveti ferestre in acea zona
si 1.9 m daca exita ferestre&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Conditiile de amplasare a constructiilor fata de retelele edilitare subterane
se stabilesc in conformitate cu SR 8591 - Retele edilitare subterane. Astfel,
daca pe terenul dvs. trec conducte subterane ale utilitatilor, puteti sa va
construiti casa daca respectati urmatoarele distante:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
• 3,0 m fata de conductele de alimentare cu apa potabila;&lt;br /&gt;
• 1,5 m fata de conductele de gaz de presiune joasa, intermediara sau medie,
pentru o casa fara subsol;&lt;br /&gt;
• 0,6 m fata de cablurile electrice ingropate;&lt;br /&gt;
• 2,0 m fata de canalele colectoare&lt;br /&gt;
• 0,6 m fata de cablurile telefonice ingropate;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Apelati permanent la profesionisti. Nu va lasati pacaliti de promisiunea unor
muncitori “la negru” care va spun ca va pot construi mai ieftin.&lt;br /&gt;
Lucrurile ieftine vor dovedi in timp carente grave! Este bine ca inca din
aceasta faza sa discutati un precontract care sa includa termenele de executie
si garantiile acordate.&lt;br /&gt;
Realizati proiectul, obtineti toate avizele necesare si autorizatia de
constructie.&lt;br /&gt;
Semnati un contract ferm cu firma noastra.&lt;br /&gt;
Pentru realizarea constructiei unei case este nevoie de mai multe proiecte.&lt;br /&gt;
Proiect urbanistic de detaliu - PUD&lt;br /&gt;
Plan de urbanism zonal - PUZ&lt;br /&gt;
Plan de urbanism general - PUB&lt;br /&gt;
Proiect arhitectural de constructie - PAC·&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Faze:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
O tema de proiectare&lt;br /&gt;
Obtinere certificat de urbanism&lt;br /&gt;
Obtinere avize cerute prin Certificatul de urbanism&lt;br /&gt;
Intocmire documentatiei pentru autorizatia de construire&lt;br /&gt;
Intocmirea documentatiei pentru detaliile de executie&lt;br /&gt;
Intocmirea documentatiei pentru executia casei&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Proiect arhitectural de demolare - PAD&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
1. CERTIFICATUL DE URBANISM (C.U.)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Certificatul de urbanism este actul prin care primaria &quot;certifica&quot;
faptul ca puteti ridica o constructie pe terenul respectiv. De asemenea, in
aceasta etapa, primaria stabileste ce alte avize si acorduri suplimentare
trebuiesc obtinute&lt;br /&gt;
Durata medie de obtinere: 30-45 zile&lt;br /&gt;
Documentatii necesare pentru eliberarea CERTIFICATULUI DE URBANISM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- cerere tip&lt;br /&gt;
- dovada obtinerii terenului pentru care se solicita Certificatul de Urbanism
(titlu de proprietate, contract de vinzare cumparare , contract de concesiune,
certificate de mostenire, etc)&lt;br /&gt;
- plan de incadrare in localitate&lt;br /&gt;
- plan de situatie (propunere)&lt;br /&gt;
- dovada achitarii taxei pentru Certificatul de Urbanism (inainte) - locuinte
si anexe gospodaresti;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Pentru alte tipuri de constructii executate de persoane fizice sau juridice
(societati comerciale) se solicita avizul Comisiei locale de urbanism, avizul
primariei, hotararea consiliului local dupa caz.;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
2. AVIZE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Se impart in doua mari categorii : de la furnizorii de utilitati (energie
electrica, gaze, telefonie, apa, canal, salubritate) si de la diverse
autoritati, referitor la probleme de: mediu, aparare civila, sanatate publica,
aparare contra incendiilor, monumente istorice si zone protejate, regimul
apelor de suprafata si din subsol, interventiile pe cladiri existente,
circulatie (comisii la primarie si politie) si altele.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Durata medie de obtinere a avizelor: 30-60 zile.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;3. AUTORIZATIA DE CONSTRUIRE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Autorizatia de construire se elibereaza de catre primarie pe baza C.U., a
avizelor si a proiectului casei. Din momentul obtinerii acesteia, se poate
incepe constructia efectiva a casei.&lt;br /&gt;
Durata medie de obtinere: 30 zile&lt;br /&gt;
Taxa de autorizare se calculeaza ca un procent (0,5%) din valoarea estimata a
investitie.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Documentatii necesare pentru AUTORIZATIE DE CONSTRUIRE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- cerere tip&lt;br /&gt;
- certificat de urbanism in termenul de valabilitate&lt;br /&gt;
- dovada detinerii terenului pe care se amplaseaza constructia( titlul de
proprietate, contract de vinzare-cumparare, contract de concesiune, certificat
de mostenire, etc)&lt;br /&gt;
- toate avizele cerute prin certificatul de urbanism&lt;br /&gt;
- documentatia de autorizatie de construire, in doua exemplare semnate de arhitect
si de inginer constructii iar pentru oras -atestator proiect ( memoriu tehnic,
plan de incadrare in zona, plan de situatie planurile tuturor nivelelor, plan
fundatii, plan invelitoare, toate fatadele, sectiune, detalii specifice)&lt;br /&gt;
- dovada achitarii taxei pentru autorizatie&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Comunele elibereaza autorizatie pe baza de proiect numai pentru locuinte si
anexe gospodaresti ale acestora.&lt;br /&gt;
Orasele si municipiile, elibereaza autorizatii pentru orice fel de constructii
cu exceptia investitiilor aprobate de Guvern.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Casa “la rosu” reprezinta constructia fara finisaje si fara partea
exterioara a acoperisului - invelitoarea (tigla, tabla, lemn, etc.).&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Casa la rosu cuprinde fundatia, ridicarea peretilor si structura acoperisului
pe care se monteaza ulterior invelitoarea. De asemenea, in faza de „casa la
rosu” nu este realizata nici partea de instalatii (cabluri electrice, tevile de
apa/gaze, racordare la utilitati), acestea fiind considerate finisaje.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Costul unei case la rosu este compus din costul materialelor plus manopera;In
general, prima categorie (materialele) reprezinta ponderea cea mai mare (60-70%
din cost)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Casa “la cheie” reprezinta constructia cu tot cu finisaje si include:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- finisaje exterioare (invelitoare acoperis, geamuri termopan, tencuieli
exterioare)&lt;br /&gt;
- finisaje interioare (tencuieli interioare, gresie, faianta, parchet, usi
acces)&lt;br /&gt;
- instalatii sanitare (chiuveta, cada/dus, vas toaleta, robineti bucatarie
/baie, racorduri)&lt;br /&gt;
- instalatii termice (centrala termica, calorifere, racorduri)&lt;br /&gt;
- instalatii electrice (intrerupatoare, prize, retea electrica)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Ce reprezinta suprafata construita si suprafata utila?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Suprafata construita - &quot;amprenta&quot; casei, suprafata casei calculata la
exteriorul acesteia. Pentru casele care au si etaj, suprafata construita
insumeaza suprafatelele nivelelor (subsol, parter, etaj, mansarda) si se mai
numeste si suprafata construita desfasurata&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Suprafata utila - se calculeaza ca suprafata interioara locuintei din care se
scad spatiile nefolosite (de sub scara, hol de acces, etc.) In medie, suprafata
utila reprezinta 75-80% din suprafata construita.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Care sunt elementele care influnteaza pretul constructiei unei case?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Numarul de camere - La aceeasi suprafata construita (exterioara) a unei case,
pot exista 2,3 sau mai multe camere, pretul modificandu-se corespunzator&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tipul de structura - varianta de structura de rezistenta (structura pe cadre,
pe diafragme de beton, sau zidarie portanta) influnteaza cantitatea de
materiale ce trebuiesc folosite. In plus, adancimea fundatiei (stabilita in
functie de natura terenului si de inaltimea cladirii) poate creste costul final
al constructiei.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Finisajele - Materialele folosite la finisarea locuintei (vopsea,
gresie/faianta, instalatii sanitare, usi/ferestre, centrala termica, etc.)
influenteaza cel mai mult costul final al constructiei datorita diversitatii
acestora. De exemplu, puteti alege intre gresie de 250 000 lei/m2 si gresie de
1,5 mil. lei/m2 ceea ce presupune un cost de 6 ori mai mare. &lt;b style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Un calcul estimativ inainte de inceperea
propriu-zisa a acestor finisaje, va poate scutii de depasirea bugetului
lucrarii.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;FIRME
SPECIALIZATE VS. REGIE PROPRIE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Arial&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Legea va da (inca) posibilitatea construrii cu lucratori angajati direct de
dumneavoastra, indiferent daca lucrarea este pe numele unei persoane fizice sau
juridice. Regia proprie are dezavantaje importante: nu exista si nu poate
exista un contract intre dumneavoastra si lucratori si, prin urmare, nu aveti
pe cine sa trageti la raspundere in cazurile neplacute; nu aveti nici o
garantie a calitatii lucrarilor; nu aveti nici garantia ca echipa angajata
pentru lucrare isi va termina treaba, sau, cum se intampla foarte des, o va
abandona intr-un stagiu oarecare; va trebui sa va ocupati direct de
achizitionarea unora sau tuturor materialelor etc. In prima faza veti avea
impresia ca costurile generale cu casa sunt mai mici, dar nu va amagiti singur,
toate neregulile enumerate mai sus vor duce la cresterea costurilor si mai ales
la intarzierea excesiva a lucrarilor.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/5825488483908022382/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2013/07/normal-0-false-false-false-en-us-x-none.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/5825488483908022382'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/5825488483908022382'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2013/07/normal-0-false-false-false-en-us-x-none.html' title='CUM TREBUIE DEMARATA ACTIUNEA SA-MI FAC CASA!'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-5999541619412994510</id><published>2013-02-22T03:01:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2013-02-22T03:01:24.796-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Adancimea de fundare. Ce este si cum se determina adancimea de fundare. Adancimea de inghet</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Adancimea de fundare&lt;/b&gt; este distanta măsurată de la nivelul terenului (CT) până la partea cea mai de jos a fundatiei (talpa fundației).&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;download&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Atunci când se stabilește adancimea de fundare se tine cont de:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;li&gt;adancimea de inghet&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;natura terenului de fundare&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;nivelul apei subterane&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;înălțimea minimă constructivă a fundatiei și condițiile tehnologice&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;sarcinile exercitate de constructie asupra fundatiilor&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/aparitie-fisura-nerespectare-adancime-fundare-lipsa-armatura.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Aparitie fisura datorita nerespectarii adancimii de fundare&quot; class=&quot;alignleft size-medium wp-image-2468&quot; height=&quot;300&quot; src=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/aparitie-fisura-nerespectare-adancime-fundare-lipsa-armatura-225x300.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 10px;&quot; width=&quot;225&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Adancimea
 de fundare este un parametru foarte important în constructia unei 
clădiri. Ea trebuie determinată de un proiectant, nicidecum “după 
ureche”, sau după cum spune meseriașul. Ea nu trebuie să fie micșorată 
de beneficiar, pentru a face economii de materiale (beton în fundatii, 
otel beton s.a.) sau de manoperă. Dacă totuși acest lucru se întâmplă, 
terenul lucrează în timp și există riscul apariției unor 
fisuri/crăpături în fundație și chiar în pereți.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Tabelul dupa care se stabilesc 
adancimile de fundare, în funcție de natura terenului, de adancimea de 
inghet și de nivelul apei subterane, conform NP112 din 2004 – Cod de 
proiectare fundații:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;table border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&gt;
&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;135&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;113&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;134&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;209&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td rowspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;135&quot;&gt;&lt;h6 align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
Terenul&lt;br /&gt;
de fundare&lt;/h6&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td rowspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;113&quot;&gt;&lt;h6 align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H&lt;sub&gt;î&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/h6&gt;
&lt;h6 align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
adâncimea&lt;br /&gt;
de îngheț&lt;/h6&gt;
&lt;h6 align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
(cm)&lt;/h6&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td rowspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;134&quot;&gt;&lt;h6 align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H&lt;/h6&gt;
&lt;h6 align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
adâncimea apei&lt;br /&gt;
subterane față de&lt;br /&gt;
cota terenului&lt;br /&gt;
natural&lt;/h6&gt;
&lt;h6 align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
(m)&lt;/h6&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;209&quot;&gt;&lt;h6 align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
Adâncimea minimă de fundare (cm)&lt;/h6&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;106&quot;&gt;&lt;h6 align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
Terenuri supuse&lt;br /&gt;
acțiunii înghețului&lt;/h6&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;&lt;h6 align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
Terenuri ferite&lt;br /&gt;
de îngheț&lt;sup&gt;*)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/h6&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;135&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
Roci stâncoase&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;113&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
oricare&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;134&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
oricare&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;106&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
30÷40&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
20&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td rowspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;135&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
Pietrișuri curate,&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
nisipuri mari și&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
mijlocii curate&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td rowspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;113&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
oricare&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;134&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H≥2.00&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;106&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H&lt;sub&gt;î&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
40&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;134&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H&lt;2 .00=&quot;&quot; p=&quot;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--2--&gt;&lt;/2&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;106&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H&lt;sub&gt;î&lt;/sub&gt;+10&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
40&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td rowspan=&quot;4&quot; width=&quot;135&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
Pietris sau nisip&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
argilos, argila grasa&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td rowspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;113&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H&lt;sub&gt;î&lt;/sub&gt;≤70&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;134&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H≥2.00&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;106&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
80&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
50&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;134&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H&lt;2 .00=&quot;&quot; p=&quot;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--2--&gt;&lt;/2&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;106&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
90&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
50&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td rowspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;113&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H&lt;sub&gt;î&lt;/sub&gt;&amp;gt;70&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;134&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H≥2.00&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;106&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H&lt;sub&gt;î&lt;/sub&gt;+10&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
50&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;134&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H&lt;2 .00=&quot;&quot; p=&quot;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--2--&gt;&lt;/2&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;106&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H&lt;sub&gt;î&lt;/sub&gt;+20&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
50&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td rowspan=&quot;4&quot; width=&quot;135&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
Nisip fin prafos, praf argilos, argila&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
prafoasa si nisipoasa&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td rowspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;113&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H&lt;sub&gt;î&lt;/sub&gt;≤70&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;134&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H≥2.50&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;106&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
80&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
50&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;134&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H&lt;2 .50=&quot;&quot; p=&quot;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--2--&gt;&lt;/2&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;106&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
90&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
50&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td rowspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;113&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H&lt;sub&gt;î&lt;/sub&gt;&amp;gt;70&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;134&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H≥2.50&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;106&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H&lt;sub&gt;î&lt;/sub&gt;+10&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
50&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;134&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H&lt;2 .50=&quot;&quot; p=&quot;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--2--&gt;&lt;/2&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;106&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
H&lt;sub&gt;î&lt;/sub&gt;+20&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;104&quot;&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
50&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;i&gt;*Observație – Valorile indicate pentru cazul terenurilor ferite de îngheț se măsoară de la cota inferioară a pardoselii.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Talpa fundației trebuie să pătrundă cel puțin 20 cm în stratul natural bun de fundare sau în stratul de fundare îmbunătățit.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Pentru &lt;b&gt;construcțiile fundate pe terenuri dificile&lt;/b&gt;
 (pământuri sensibile la umezire, pământuri contractile, pământuri 
lichefiabile etc.), adâncimea de fundare este indicată în reglementările
 tehnice de referință &lt;b&gt;specifice acestor cazuri&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Adancimea de inghet&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;Adancimea de inghet&lt;/b&gt; are valorile indicate în reglementarea tehnică de referință STAS 6054/77 și se pot determina după următoarea zonare:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/adancimea-de-inghet-romania-stas-6054-77-adancimi-maxime-de-inghet.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Adancimea de inghet in Romania STAS 6054/77 dupa care se determina adancimea de fundare&quot; class=&quot; wp-image-2461 alignnone&quot; height=&quot;398&quot; src=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/adancimea-de-inghet-romania-stas-6054-77-adancimi-maxime-de-inghet.jpg&quot; width=&quot;549&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;note&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Concluzii:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;adancimea de fundare ≠ adancimea de inghet&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;valorile pentru adâncimea de îngheț diferă de la o zonă a țării la 
alta, de exemplu, în Timisoara adancimea de inghet este de 60-70 cm, în&amp;nbsp;
 zona Bucurestiului este de 80-90 cm,&amp;nbsp; pe când în Suceava ajunge la 
100-110 cm. Dar acesta nu este singurul factor ce influențează adâncimea
 de fundare, așa că e bine să consultați un specialist în această 
privință.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/5999541619412994510/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2013/02/adancimea-de-fundare-ce-este-si-cum-se_22.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/5999541619412994510'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/5999541619412994510'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2013/02/adancimea-de-fundare-ce-este-si-cum-se_22.html' title='Adancimea de fundare. Ce este si cum se determina adancimea de fundare. Adancimea de inghet'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-7561884153978381548</id><published>2013-02-22T02:19:00.003-08:00</published><updated>2013-02-22T02:19:25.345-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Ce sunt etrierii?</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Ce sunt etrierii?&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Etrierii&lt;/strong&gt; sunt “ramele” evidențiate în poza alăturată, realizați în general din &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/sfaturi-constructie-case/care-este-ce-este/&quot; title=&quot;Întrebări frecvente pentru materialele de constructii&quot;&gt;OB37&lt;/a&gt;,
 care împreună cu barele longitudinale formează carcasa de armatură 
pentru fundații, stâlpi, grinzi, centuri, sau alte elemente de beton 
armat.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/etrieri-ob37-grinda.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Etrieri din ob37 in grinda&quot; class=&quot;alignright size-medium wp-image-939&quot; height=&quot;300&quot; src=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/etrieri-ob37-grinda-225x300.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 10px;&quot; title=&quot;Etrieri din ob37 in grinda&quot; width=&quot;225&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Etrierii și barele longitudinale&lt;/strong&gt; care formează &lt;strong&gt;carcasele de armatura&lt;/strong&gt; sunt fasonate &amp;nbsp;din otel beton (OB37, PC52, etc.), după care sunt asamblate (în mod obișnuit prin legare cu sârmă).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;
Rolul etrierilor&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Etrierii au un rol foarte important în rezistența elementelor de beton armat. &lt;strong&gt;Armarea cu etrieri&lt;/strong&gt; se mai numește și&lt;strong&gt; armare transversala&lt;/strong&gt;. Rolul armării transversale este preluarea eforturilor provenite din forța tăietoare sau din torsiune.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Analiza clădirilor cu structură din beton armat, care au suportat cutremure importante, a confirmat importanța &lt;strong&gt;armării cu etrieri&lt;/strong&gt;
 a grinzilor și stâlpilor. La solicitările alterante, specifice 
cutremurului, armarea transversală îmbunătățește comportamentul 
stâlpilor și grinzilor. Astfel, elementele de beton sunt capabile sa 
aibă deformații mari fără să se rupă. Această proprietate se numește 
ductilitate, și este esențială pentru o bună comportare antiseismica.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Pe lângă rolul de armatură de 
rezistență, etrierii asigură poziția armăturilor longitudinale (barelor 
de armatură) în elementul de beton armat (stâlp, grindă, centură). 
Etrierii, împreună cu restul armaturilor, alcătuiesc o carcasă rigidă 
care trebuie să își mențină forma și poziția până la finalizarea 
turnării.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Reprezentarea și cotarea etrierilor în proiecte&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
În planșele de armare apar ca niște 
“rame” care au la capetele barei din care sunt formați, ciocuri. 
Indicația care se da în dreptul etrierilor conține marca, pasul și/sau 
tipul otelului și diametrul. Desenul trebuie să conțină și o schemă în 
care este prezentat fiecare tip de etrier desfășurat, cotându-se fiecare
 ramură a sa și ciocurile.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Confecționarea etrierilor&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Fasonarea etrierilor se poate realiza 
manual sau cu mașini automate. Această din urmă metodă are mai multe 
avantaje, printre care: preț foarte bun, productivitate ridicată, 
reducerea pierderilor de material, respectarea cu precizie a cotelor din
 planurile de armare, posibilități de fasonare a barelor cu diametre 
mari (de până la Ø32). Mai multe informații legate de confecționarea 
etrierilor găsiți în articolul &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/sfaturi-constructie-case/fasonarea-armaturilor-montarea/&quot; title=&quot;Fasonarea armaturilor din otel beton si montarea armaturilor&quot;&gt;Fasonarea armaturilor din otel beton și montarea armaturilor&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/7561884153978381548/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2013/02/ce-sunt-etrierii.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/7561884153978381548'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/7561884153978381548'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2013/02/ce-sunt-etrierii.html' title='Ce sunt etrierii?'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-986177394209997013</id><published>2013-02-22T02:11:00.003-08:00</published><updated>2013-02-22T03:11:53.893-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Manopera lucrari constructii pentru 2013</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;table align=&quot;center&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;width: 640px;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#000000&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;&lt;td width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Categoria de lucrari&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Materiale&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Manopera&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Utilaj&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Transport&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: white;&quot;&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Sapatura manuala&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;14,5€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;14,5€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Sapatura mecanizata&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;8€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;5,5€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;13,5€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Umplutura compactata&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;10,5€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;6,5€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;17€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/sfaturi-constructie-case/fasonarea-armaturilor-montarea/&quot; title=&quot;Fasonarea armaturilor din otel beton si montarea armaturilor&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fasonare&lt;/b&gt; si montare armaturi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;0,68€/kg&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;0,37€/kg&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;1,05€/kg&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Turnare &lt;b&gt;beton&lt;/b&gt; manual&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;67,5€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;22€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;89,5€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Turnare beton cu pompa&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;67,5€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;6,5€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;10,5€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;84,5€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Cofraje&lt;/b&gt; pentru betoane&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;4,5€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;5,9€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;10,4€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Hidroizolatie&lt;/b&gt; cu membr. bitumin.&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;3,5€/mp si strat&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;1,7€/mp si strat&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;0,50€/mp si strat&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;5,7€/mp si strat&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Transp. mat. prin purtare directa&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;11,5€/to&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;11,5€/to&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Transp. materiale cu autobasculanta&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;8,5€/to&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;8,5€/to&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/materiale-constructii/caramida/&quot; title=&quot;Caramida – un material complet (si complex) de construcţie&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Zidarie&lt;/b&gt; de caramida&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;84€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;37€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;121€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Tencuieli&lt;/b&gt; interioare&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;3,9€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;3,7€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;7,6€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Glet de ipsos&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;1,5€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;2,5€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;4€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Tencuieli exterioare(grund)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;4,5€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;4,2€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;8,7€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Driscuire fina(&lt;b&gt;tinci&lt;/b&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;2,5€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;1,5€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;4,0€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Glafuri la usi si ferestre&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;2,5€/ml&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;4,5€/ml&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;7€/ml&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Decopertare glet si zugraveala&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;1,25€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;1,25€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Demolare&lt;/b&gt; zidarie&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;23€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;4,25€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;27,25€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Demolare elemente beton armat&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;40€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;10,5€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;50,5€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Desfacere tencuieli&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;1,85€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;1,85€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Vopsitorii cu vinarom&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;4,5€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;2,1€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;6,6€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Decopertare gresie si faianta&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;1,7€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;1,7€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Placare cu faianta&lt;/b&gt; si gresie&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;5,5€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;6,2€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;11,7€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Montat si demontat schela&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;1,39€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;1,39€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Forare gauri&lt;/b&gt; in beton&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;0,85€/buc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;0,25€/buc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;1,1€/buc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/materiale-constructii/termoizolatia-placarile-cu-polistiren/&quot; title=&quot;Termoizolatia – placarile cu polistiren&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Termosistem&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;5,5€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;8,5€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;14€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Pereti din rigips &lt;b&gt;CW 50&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;9,3€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;7,85€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;0,45€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;17,6€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Pereti din rigips &lt;b&gt;CW 75&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;9,6€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;7,85€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;0,45€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;17,9€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Pereti din rigips &lt;b&gt;CW 100&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;10,05€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;7,85€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;0,45€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;18,35€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Placare perete existent cu rigips&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;9,25€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;6€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;0,45€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;15,7€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Tavane false executate din rigips&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;6,85€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;7,5€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;0,45€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;14,8€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Desfacere confectie metalica&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;0,19€/kg&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;0,19€/kg&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Strat suport pentru pardoseli&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;3,20€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;2,95€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;6,15€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Montat plinta gresie&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;5,5€/ml&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;3,75€/ml&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;9,25€/ml&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Preparare mortar manual&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;21€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;21€/mc&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Vopsitorii exterioare cu vinarom&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;4,8€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;2,5€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;7,3€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Tencuiala decorativa&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;6,2€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;5,2€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;11,4€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Executat sarpanta din lemn&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;3,5€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;5,7€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;0,35€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;9,55€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Astereala la acoperis&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;4,8€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;0,55€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;0,2€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;5,55€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/materiale-constructii/cartonul-asfaltat/&quot; title=&quot;Cartonul asfaltat&quot;&gt;Invelitoare din carton bitumat&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;1,85€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;5,8€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;0,05€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;7,7€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Invelitoare din tigla&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;4,55€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;7,7€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;0,35€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;12,6€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr bgcolor=&quot;#ffffcc&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Structura case in sistem “AMVIC”&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;53,5€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;1,5€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;55€/mp&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;215&quot;&gt;Inchiriere mai compactor&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;20,0€/zi&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;70,0€/zi&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;—&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;85&quot;&gt;90,0€/zi&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/986177394209997013/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2013/02/manopera-lucrari-constructii-pentru-2013.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/986177394209997013'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/986177394209997013'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2013/02/manopera-lucrari-constructii-pentru-2013.html' title='Manopera lucrari constructii pentru 2013'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-7693164052701517939</id><published>2013-02-22T01:55:00.002-08:00</published><updated>2013-02-22T01:57:40.190-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Ce tip de invelitoare folosim pentru acoperisul casei? Tigla ceramica vs.  tigla de beton, tigla vs. tabla, sindrila bituminoasa? Cu siguranță, fiecare dintre cei care doresc să-și construiască o casă și-au pus această întrebare.</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Fiecare tip de invelitoare are si avantaje si dezavantaje fata de celelalte. Depinde de fiecare sa aleaga.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Tigla ceramica&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/tigla-ceramica.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Acoperis cu invelitoare din tigla ceramica&quot; class=&quot;size-thumbnail wp-image-964 alignleft&quot; height=&quot;158&quot; src=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/tigla-ceramica-200x158.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 10px;&quot; title=&quot;Acoperis cu tigla ceramica&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Avantaje:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Tigla ceramica are un caracter traditional, fiind printre cele mai vechi materiale folosite la acoperirea caselor.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Tigla ceramica&lt;/b&gt; a 
demonstrat ca este un tip de învelitoare extrem de durabil. &amp;nbsp;In functie 
si de producător, sunt tigle in perfecta stare cu vârsta de peste 50 ani
 (tigla marca Leu, produsa la Jimbolia). De altfel, sunt producatori 
care acorda o garantie de peste 30 ani (TONDACH) sau chiar 50 ani 
(Creaton).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Un acoperiș din tigla asigura un confort
 foarte bun pentru spațiul amenajat imediat sub el, datorita 
ventilației, caracteristicilor termice și amortizării fonice (nu se aud 
picăturile de apa când lovesc acoperișul în timpul ploilor). Fără 
îndoială este cel mai potrivit tip de învelitoare pentru locuințele cu 
mansardă.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Tigla ceramica&lt;/b&gt; poate fi
 si smălțuită, în această situație având un aspect lucios, și o 
durabilitate sporită. În plus, smaltul poate avea diferite culori.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Fiind o invelitoare formata din multe 
elemente de dimensiuni mici, este posibila acoperirea unor forme 
complexe. Mai ales prin utilizarea tiglelor solzi, se pot acoperi 
suprafete conice, sau acoperisuri cu forma curba, etc.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
In cazul unor infiltratii de apa, motivul cel mai probabil este o tigla sparta, care se poate identifica si inlocui relativ usor&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Dezavantaje:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Este o invelitoare grea, in mod normal 
intre 35-65kg/mp, necesitand o structura de lemn a acoperisului 
dimensionata in consecinta. Totusi daca tinem cont ca incarcarea cu 
zapada pentru Romania este minim 150kg/mp, aportul adus de greutatea 
invrlitorii cu tigla ceramica in incarcarile totale pe acoperis nu este 
determinant.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Acoperisul din tigla metalica nu este 
cel mai ieftin. Montajul se realizeaza mai complicat decat in cazul 
altor invelitori, structura de sustinere a tiglelor trebuie sa fie 
riguros realizata si consumul de manopera pentru montajul efectiv al 
tiglelor este &amp;nbsp;mare (între 6 si 10 EURO/mp).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Tigla de beton&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Avantaje:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Se pot enumera aceleasi caracteristici 
pe care le-am spus si despre tigla ceramica. Totusi, aspectul nu este la
 fel de placut ca la tigla ceramica.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/tigla-beton-bramac.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Invelitoare din tigle de beton&quot; class=&quot;size-medium wp-image-1052 alignleft&quot; height=&quot;112&quot; src=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/tigla-beton-bramac-300x112.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 10px;&quot; title=&quot;Tigla beton Bramac&quot; width=&quot;300&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;Tigla de beton&lt;/b&gt; poate fi colorata, pigmentul&amp;nbsp;se pune in masa de beton iar paleta de culori este foarte variata.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Dezavantaje:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Aceleasi ca si in cazul tiglei ceramice,
 cu mentiunea ca tigla de beton este ceva mai grea. Alt dezavantaj 
observat in timp este faptul ca tiglele de beton se pot decolora (isi 
pot pierde pigmentul) datorita factorilor de mediu.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/materiale-constructii/tigla-metalica/&quot; title=&quot;Tigla metalica&quot;&gt;Tigla metalica (tabla ondulata)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/tigla-metalica.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Invelitoare cu tigla metalica - tabla tip tigla&quot; class=&quot;alignleft size-medium wp-image-1719&quot; height=&quot;184&quot; src=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/tigla-metalica-300x184.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 10px;&quot; title=&quot;tigla-metalica&quot; width=&quot;300&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Avantaje:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Se montează relativ ușor și este o 
soluție foarte versatilă, cu care se pot realiza și suprafețe cilindrice
 (cu generatoarea cilindrului în lungul onduleurilor). &amp;nbsp;Structura de 
susținere pentru acest tip de învelitoare este mai simplu de realizat 
decât cea pentru tigla.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Montajul se realizează rapid, 
producătorii de renume având sisteme complete de rezolvare a detaliilor 
caracteristice ale unui acoperiș de tip șarpantă – rezolvare jgheaburi, 
coamă, aerisiri, străpungeri, diverse accesorii.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Tigla metalica&lt;/b&gt; este 
ușoară, încărcarea adusa de panourile efective de invelitoare este mai 
mică de 10kg/mp (comparativ cu tigla care reprezinta cca 30-40kg/mp)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gerard-invelitori.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Tigla metalica cu acoperire de piatra - roca vulcanica&quot; class=&quot;alignleft size-medium wp-image-1721&quot; height=&quot;224&quot; src=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/gerard-invelitori-300x224.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 10px;&quot; title=&quot;gerard-invelitori&quot; width=&quot;300&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Exista
 producători (Gerard) care acoperă suprafața exterioară a panourilor cu 
un strat de nisip cuarțos (provenit din rocă vulcanică) care este 
ulterior vopsit, aspectul final fiind mult mai plăcut decât în cazul 
finisării cu vopsea lucioasă. De asemenea aceasta acoperire oferă și 
proprietăți de amortizare sonoră mai bună.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
În funcție de producător, foile de tablă
 pot fi foarte bine protejate anti-coroziv. Astfel, durabilitatea 
panourilor de țiglă este mare, unii porducători oferind 15 ani garanție.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Acoperisurile cu panouri din tigla de 
tabla formeaza imediat sub invelitoare un strat de ventiatie dinspre 
streasina spre coama, care este benefic spatiilor de locuit amenajate 
imediat sub acoperis (mansarda)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Dezavantaje&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Amortizarea fonica si &amp;nbsp;caracteristicile termice sunt inferioare învelitorii din țiglă.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Din punct de estetic, se situeaza in inferioritate fata de tigla clasica, aspectul fiind practic o imitatie a acesteia.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/materiale-constructii/sindrila-bituminoasa/&quot; title=&quot;Sindrila bituminoasa&quot;&gt;Sindrila bituminoasa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/sindrila-bituminoasa.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Invelitoare cu sindrila bituminoasa&quot; class=&quot;alignleft size-medium wp-image-1722&quot; height=&quot;205&quot; src=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/sindrila-bituminoasa-300x205.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 10px;&quot; title=&quot;sindrila-bituminoasa&quot; width=&quot;300&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Avantaje:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Se montează foarte ușor, se poate 
practic înveli orice formă de acoperiș, singura condiție fiind să existe
 o astereală continuă montată.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Nu este nevoie de elemente speciale 
pentru rezolvarea coamelor, doliilor, marginilor de acoperiș. Toate 
acestea conduc la mai puțină bătaie de cap din punct de vedere logistic 
și la costuri mai mici.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Poate fi considerata o soluție relativ ieftina de rezolvare a învelitorii.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Dezavantaje&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Nu asigura strat de ventilație liberă între învelitoare și astereală, și este ușor inflamabil.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Placi rigide ondulate (din fibre impregnate cu bitum, poliester, etc.)&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/ondulina.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Ondulina&quot; class=&quot;alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-1725&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; src=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/ondulina-189x200.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 10px;&quot; title=&quot;ondulina&quot; width=&quot;189&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Avantaje:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Se montează foarte ușor, pot fi curbate în lungul cutelor.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Asemeni șindrilei bituminoase pot fi considerate o soluție ieftina de acoperire.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Asigura un strat de ventilație datorita 
onduleurilor, permițând o circulație liberă a aerului între astereală și
 plăcile de învelitoare.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Dezavantaje:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Aspect anost, nu foarte potrivit pentru domeniul rezidențial.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Sisteme tradiționale, cu utilizare restrânsă&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;In anumite situatii este 
necesara utilizarea unor invelitori mai speciale, care sa puna in 
valoare aspectul traditional al unor cladiri sau pur si simplu o viziune
 arhitecturala mai neconventionala. De exemplu, cum poate sa arate cel 
mai bine o pensiune in Delta Dunarii, pe malul apei, decat cu 
invelitoare de stuf. &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Acoperisul din stuf&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/acoperis-stuf.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Acoperis stuf&quot; class=&quot;alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-1727&quot; height=&quot;139&quot; src=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/acoperis-stuf-200x139.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 10px;&quot; title=&quot;acoperis-stuf&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Daca
 este bine executat, asigura un confort remarcabil. Acoperisul de stuf 
ofera in plus o buna izolare termica si permite in acelasi timp 
trasferul de vapori din interior spre exterior. Un acoperis din stuf se 
poate modela in orice forma, si permite realizarea de suprafete curbe. 
Folosit in In timp straturile suberioare de stuff care sunt mai expuse 
la intemperii se degradeaza si trebuie inlocuite. Din pacate mesterii 
care sunt capabili sa faca acoperisuri din stuf sunt din ce in ce mai 
greu de gasit.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Acoperisul cu invelitoare din sita sau sindrila&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;address&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/acoperis-sindrila-lemn.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Acoperis sindrila lemn&quot; class=&quot;alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-1728&quot; height=&quot;150&quot; src=&quot;http://www.constructii-neamt.ro/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/acoperis-sindrila-lemn-200x150.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 10px;&quot; title=&quot;acoperis-sindrila-lemn&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Trebuie
 sa aiba pante mari, atat pentru a facilita eliminarea apei, cat si 
pentru a reduce incarcarea cu zapada. Din pacate lemnul de rasinoase, 
folosit la noi (molid) este putin rezistent in timp si trebuie protejat 
suplimentar pentru a obtine o invelitoare cat de cat durabila. Pentru 
bugete mai mai exista solutii foarte durabile si estetice, cum ar fi 
sindrila din &lt;b&gt;lemn de cedru&lt;/b&gt;, &amp;nbsp;sau alte esente bogate in rasini care nu putrezesc in timp.&lt;/address&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/7693164052701517939/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2013/02/ce-tip-de-invelitoare-folosim-pentru.html#comment-form' title='1 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/7693164052701517939'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/7693164052701517939'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2013/02/ce-tip-de-invelitoare-folosim-pentru.html' title='Ce tip de invelitoare folosim pentru acoperisul casei? Tigla ceramica vs.  tigla de beton, tigla vs. tabla, sindrila bituminoasa? Cu siguranță, fiecare dintre cei care doresc să-și construiască o casă și-au pus această întrebare.'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-5335075544363226567</id><published>2013-02-22T01:43:00.002-08:00</published><updated>2013-02-22T03:03:45.346-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Preparare beton cu betoniera</title><content type='html'>&lt;div dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; trbidi=&quot;on&quot;&gt;
Pentru o casa Parter, sau P+1, se foloseste betoniera. O betoniera 
comoda este cea de 130-140 litri. La constructia unei case se folosesc 
cateva clase de beton, dupa cum urmeaza:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;B75 echivalent C4/5 sau Bc 5 (la umpluturi, egalizari, unele fundatii ale anexelor gospodaresti, la constructii usoare)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;B100 echivalent C6/7,5 sau Bc 7,5 (la fundatii,pardoseli,socluri de gard, trotuare… fiind cel mai folosit beton)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;B150 echivalent C8/10 sau Bc 10 (fundatii armate, pardoseli, camine 
utilitati,in general acolo unde se vrea ceva mai bun decat B100, desi in
 cele mai multe cazuri se exagereaza, de exemplu : se fac trotuare si 
pardoseli din B150, desi B100 este mai mult decat suficient… restul 
fiind de fapt risipa de ciment.)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;B200 echivalent C12/15 sau Bc 15 (structura de rezistenta: stalpi,centuri,buiandrugi…)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;B250 echivalent C16/20 sau Bc20 (structura de rezistenta: grinzi, plansee, elemente puternic solicitate)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;B300 echivalent C18/22,5 sau Bc 22,5 (mai rar folosit, de regula la 
realizarea platformelor betonate unde se permite accesul auto de tonaj 
mare).&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
La prepararea betonului intra ciment, apa si balastul sau sorturile. 
Daca am avea o betoniera asa de mare ar fi simplu, pentru ca le-am 
introduce pe toate in betoniera si am apasa pe buton. Iar dupa 10-15 
minute de invartit, am obtine un metru cub de beton proaspat. Dar 
betoniera fiind de numai 130 litri, problema care apare este de a 
imparti reteta de mai sus in parti egale, pentru a prepara mai multe 
sarje , la capacitatea betonierei. Mai mult decat atat, impartirea 
trebuie sa fie usoara, sa nu necesite cantariri cal calcule speciale, 
asa incat dozarea sa fie usor de facut, la indemana muncitorilor pe 
santier, care de multe ori sunt necalificati si nu au nici timp si nici 
putere de a jongla cu densitatile si calculele. Pentru aceasta trebuiesc
 cunoscute mai multe unitati de masura si conversia intre ele iar reteta
 trebuie data in lopeti sau galeti.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;1 metru cub = 1000 litri , deci se poate face dozarea materialelor granulare (balast, nisip, pietris) cu o galeata de 10 litri.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;1 galeata de 10 litri = 3 lopeti de material granular.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;1 lopata medie = 3.33 litri&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;1 roaba medie = 24 lopeti&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;1 roaba = 8 galeti de 10 litri (= 80 litri)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;1 betoniera de 130 litri = maxim 16 lopeti de material granular + maxim 6 lopeti de ciment + 1 galeata apa de 10 litri.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
NOTA: Capacitatea unei betoniere de 130 litri reprezinta capacitatea 
cuvei pline, insa in practica capacitatea utila este mult mai mica. De 
exemplu, in betoniera de 130 litri, o sarja de beton 4:1 va avea 16 
lopeti de balast si 4 lopeti de ciment la care se adauga 1 galeata de 
apa, adica in total 20 lopeti = aproape 7 galeti + 1 de apa = 8 galeti =
 80 litri utili.&lt;br /&gt;
Apoi, mai trebuie cunoscute cateva densitati ale materialelor utilizate si care intra in reteta betonului:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;ciment = 1280 kg/mc = 1,28 kg/litru (1 galeata de 10 litri plina cu ciment = 12.80 kg de ciment)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;balast 0-31 mm = 1700 kg/mc = 1,70 kg/litru (1 galeata de 10 litri plina cu balast = 17 kg de balast)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;nisip 0-3 mm = 1300 kg/mc = 1,30 kg/litru (1 galeata de 10 litri plina cu nisip = 13 kg de nisip)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;pietrisuri sortate 7-16 mm = 1550 kg/mc = 1,50 kg/litru (1 galeata de 10 litri cu pietris = 15,5 kg de pietris)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;pietrisuri sortate 16-31 mm = 1650 kg/mc = 1,65 kg/litru (1 galeata de 10 litri cu pietris = 16,50 kg de pietris)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;betonul proaspat preparat va avea intre 2300 – 2400 kg/mc (1 galeata de 10 litri cu beton proaspat = 23 kg)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;1 lopata cu balast = 5.66 kg balast&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;1 lopata cu nisip = 4.32 kg nisip&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;1 lopata pietris = 4.80 kg pietris&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;1 lopata cu ciment = 4.25 kg ciment&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
Valori medii.Este posibil sa difere +/-10% in functie de umiditatea materialelor granulare.&lt;br /&gt;
In continuare vom prezenta cateva retete de preparare a betonului 
calculate pe baza retetelor normelor de preparare a betonului din 
indicatoarele de norme de deviz catalogul CZ.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Preparare beton B75 (C4/5 ; BC5) cu balast – norma CZ0103B1 din indicatoarele de norme de deviz&lt;/h3&gt;
Cantitati necesare pentru prepararea unui metru cub de beton B75:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;ciment = 173 kg/mc (41 lopeti de ciment/mc)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;BALAST = 1.2049 mc ; 1.2049 mc x 1700 kg/mc = 2048.33 kg = 362 lopeti&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;NISIP 0-7 mm = 0.148 mc x 1300 kg/mc = 192.40 kg = 45 lopeti&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
Total = 2240.73 kg agregate.&lt;br /&gt;
Apa 170 litri/mc&lt;br /&gt;
Raportul &lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;ciment : agregate : apa&lt;/span&gt; este egal cu 1 kg ciment : 12,95 kg agregate : 0,98 litri apa.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Preparare beton B100 (C6/7.5 ; BC7,5) cu balast – norma CZ0104B1 din indicatoarele de norme de deviz&lt;/h3&gt;
Cantitati necesare pentru prepararea unui metru cub de beton B100:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;ciment = 203 kg/mc (ADICA : 48 lopeti de ciment/mc)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;-agregate: balast 1.20 mc x 1700 kg/mc = 2040 kg si nisip 0.148 mc x 1300 kg/mc = 192,40 kg.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
Total balast + nisip = 2232.4 kg = 395 lopeti balast. De regula B100 
se prepara numai din balast, care contine suficienta parte fina, fara a 
mai fi nevoie de adaos de nisip, asa incat se aduna cantitatile si se va
 folosi numai balast 2232,4 kg.&lt;br /&gt;
Apa 165 litri/mc (consumul de apa poate varia functie de umiditatea balastului.)&lt;br /&gt;
Raportul &lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;ciment : balast : apa &lt;/span&gt;este egal cu 1 kg ciment : 11 kg balast : 0.81 litri apa .&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Preparare beton B150 (C8/10 ; BC10) – norma CZ0105D1 din indicatoarele de norme de deviz&lt;/h3&gt;
Cantitati necesare pentru prepararea unui metru cub de beton B150:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;ciment = 279 kg/mc (65,5 lopeti de ciment/mc)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;PIETRIS 0,64 mc x 1600 kg/mc = 1024 kg = 213 lopeti&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;NISIP 0.75 mc x 1300 kg/mc = 975,00 kg = 226 lopeti&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
Total = 1999 kg agregate.&lt;br /&gt;
Apa 190 litri/mc&lt;br /&gt;
Raportul &lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;ciment : agregate : apa &lt;/span&gt;este egal cu 1 kg ciment : 7,16 kg agregate : 0,68 litri apa.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Preparare beton B200 (C12/15 ; BC15) – norma CZ0106F1 din indicatoarele de norme de deviz&lt;/h3&gt;
Cantitati necesare pentru prepararea unui metru cub de beton B200:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;ciment = 320 kg/mc (75,5 lopeti de ciment/mc)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;PIETRIS 7-15 mm + PIETRIS 15-30 mm = (0.277 mc + 0.354 mc = 0.631 mc); 0,63 mc x 1600 kg/mc = 1009.6 kg = 210 lopeti&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;NISIP 0-3 mm + NISIP 3-7 mm = (0.498 mc + 0.242 mc = 0.74 mc) 0.74 mc x 1300 kg/mc = 962,00 kg = 223 lopeti&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
Total = 1971 kg agregate.&lt;br /&gt;
Apa 190 litri/mc.&lt;br /&gt;
Raportul &lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;ciment : agregate : apa&lt;/span&gt; este egal cu 1 kg ciment : 6,15 kg agregate : 0,59 litri apa.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Preparare beton B250 (C16/20) – norma CZ0107F1 din indicatoarele de norme de deviz&lt;/h3&gt;
Cantitati necesare pentru prepararea unui metru cub de beton B250:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;ciment = 355 kg/mc (83,5 lopeti de ciment/mc)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;PIETRIS 7-15 mm + PIETRIS 15-30 mm = (0.273 mc + 0.344 mc = 0.617 mc); 0,617 mc x 1600 kg/mc = 987.2 kg = 206 lopeti&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;NISIP 0-3 mm + NISIP 3-7 mm = (0.489 mc + 0.238 mc = 0.727 mc); 0.727 mc x 1300 kg/mc = 945,1 kg = 219 lopeti&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
Total = 1932.3 kg agregate.&lt;br /&gt;
Apa 190 litri/mc.&lt;br /&gt;
Raportul &lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;ciment : agregate : apa&lt;/span&gt; este egal cu 1 kg ciment : 5,44 kg agregate : 0,53 litri apa.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Preparare beton B300 (C18/22.5 ; BC22.5) – norma CZ0108H1 din indicatoarele de norme de deviz&lt;/h3&gt;
Cantitati necesare pentru prepararea unui metru cub de beton B300:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;ciment = 376 kg/mc (88,5 lopeti de ciment/mc)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;PIETRIS 7-15 mm + PIETRIS 15-30 mm = (0.277 mc + 0.385 mc = 0.662 mc); 0,662 mc x 1600 kg/mc = 1059.2 kg = 221 lopeti&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;NISIP 0-3 mm + NISIP 3-7 mm = (0.406 mc + 0.231 mc = 0.637 mc); 0.637 mc x 1300 kg/mc = 828,10 kg = 192 lopeti&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
Total = 1887.30 kg agregate.&lt;br /&gt;
Apa 200 litri/mc.&lt;br /&gt;
Raportul &lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;ciment : agregate : apa&lt;/span&gt; este egal cu 1 kg ciment : 5,01 kg agregate : 0,53 litri apa&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h4&gt;
Nota: in functie de capacitatea betonierei utilizate se vor imparti proportional cantitatile iar dozajul se va face cu lopata.&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/5335075544363226567/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2013/02/preparare-beton-cu-betoniera.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/5335075544363226567'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/5335075544363226567'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2013/02/preparare-beton-cu-betoniera.html' title='Preparare beton cu betoniera'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-8684958188303127056</id><published>2012-04-07T22:30:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2012-04-07T22:30:52.976-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Dan Erceanu: Dan Erceanu: Diriginte de santier autorizat</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href=&quot;http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/04/dan-erceanu-diriginte-de-santier.html&quot;&gt;Dan Erceanu: Dan Erceanu: Diriginte de santier autorizat&lt;/a&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/8684958188303127056/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/04/dan-erceanu-dan-erceanu-diriginte-de.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/8684958188303127056'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/8684958188303127056'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/04/dan-erceanu-dan-erceanu-diriginte-de.html' title='Dan Erceanu: Dan Erceanu: Diriginte de santier autorizat'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-4683165319595290402</id><published>2012-04-04T04:54:00.002-07:00</published><updated>2012-04-07T22:29:08.901-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Dan Erceanu: Diriginte de santier autorizat</title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt;   &lt;o:AllowPNG/&gt;  &lt;/o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;   &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:TrackMoves/&gt;   &lt;w:TrackFormatting/&gt;   &lt;w:PunctuationKerning/&gt;   &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/&gt;   &lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;   &lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;   &lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;   &lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF/&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;EN-GB&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt;   &lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;   &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;    &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;    &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;    &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;    &lt;w:DontGrowAutofit/&gt;    &lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/&gt;    &lt;w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/&gt;    &lt;w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/&gt;    &lt;w:OverrideTableStyleHps/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;m:mathPr&gt;    &lt;m:mathFont m:val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:brkBin m:val=&quot;before&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:brkBinSub m:val=&quot;&amp;#45;-&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:smallFrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:dispDef/&gt;    &lt;m:lMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:rMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:defJc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:wrapIndent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:intLim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;/&gt;    &lt;m:naryLim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;/&gt;   &lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=&quot;false&quot; DefUnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
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&lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Daca va cautati un inginer constructor care sa va urmareasca lucrarile atunci ati nimerit unde trebuie.Diriginte de santier autorizat cu experienta de 30 de ani in constructii va ofera servicii profesioniste in derularea proiectului dvs.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Sunati la 0726.123369 pentru detalii.&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='enclosure' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/04/diriginte-de-santier-autorizat.html' length='0'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/4683165319595290402/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/04/dan-erceanu-diriginte-de-santier.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/4683165319595290402'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/4683165319595290402'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/04/dan-erceanu-diriginte-de-santier.html' title='Dan Erceanu: Diriginte de santier autorizat'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-2532423952672484327</id><published>2012-04-04T04:45:00.003-07:00</published><updated>2012-04-04T04:46:14.815-07:00</updated><title type='text'>De la lume adunate...cat mai costa un Diriginte de santier</title><content type='html'>CAT COSTA UN DIRIGINTE???&lt;br /&gt;
Ganditi-va la salariul unui muncitor necalificat pe o luna ....care face munca necalificata.&lt;br /&gt;
Acum faceti dvs. comparatia cu 5 ani de facultate + 8 ani de practica, pentru obtinerea autorizatiei de diriginte.&lt;br /&gt;
Oare merita salariu mai mare un diriginte decat muncitorul necalificat?? Unii au sa raspunda: nu, nu merita; de banii astia mai bine ne luam mobila de bucatarie.&lt;br /&gt;
Dar iata ce se poate intampla: armatura montata aiurea, betoane turnate aiurea, clasa de beton aiurea, iar remedierile costa, costa mult.</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/2532423952672484327/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/04/de-la-lume-adunatecat-mai-costa-un.html#comment-form' title='2 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/2532423952672484327'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/2532423952672484327'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/04/de-la-lume-adunatecat-mai-costa-un.html' title='De la lume adunate...cat mai costa un Diriginte de santier'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-6240099344535000456</id><published>2012-04-04T04:26:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2012-04-04T04:26:29.246-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Rolul Dirigintelui de santier</title><content type='html'>Dirigintele de santier este specialistul care lucreaza pentru viitorul proprietar, rolul sau fiind acela de a supraveghea desfasurarea santierului in cauza. Numit si om al beneficiarului, dirigintele de santier are dreptul sa ia orice decizie cu scopul de a se indeplini cerintele viitorului proprietar deoarece sarcina sa este aceea de a verifica firma de constructii in cauza si de a se asigura ca toate etapele de constructie sunt realizate corect. &lt;br /&gt;
Specialistul in cauza trebuie sa fie o persoana fizica autorizata sau un angajat al unei societati comerciale de profil, persoana calificata si autorizata de Inspectoratul de Stat in Constructii. In functie de gradul de dificultatea al unei constructii, in proiectul tehnic al viitoarei case, este specificat si gradul de autorizatie pe care trebuie sa il aibe un diriginte/inspector de santier.  &lt;br /&gt;
Obligatiile dirigintelui de santier&lt;br /&gt;
- In primul si in primul rand, un inspector de santier trebuie sa verifice, inaintea inceperii lucrarii, daca exista autorizatiile de constructie si daca sunt gata. Rolul acestuia este acela de a asigura proprietarul de toate avizele necesare unei lucrari de constructii.&lt;br /&gt;
- Un alt aspect care intra in atributiile dirigintelui, este acela de a participa la licitatiile firmelor de constructii pentru obtinerea lucrarii in cauza, de a participa la contractul dintre beneficiar si firma in cauza, de a verifica claritatea clauzelor mentionate in contractul respectiv. &lt;br /&gt;
- Specialistul autorizat trebuie sa participe la ridicarea si finalizarea lucrarii. Acesta trebuie sa se asigure ca firma in cauza realizeaza imobilul dupa proiectul arhitectural, conform contractului semnat, al reglementarilor tehnice in vigoare. &lt;br /&gt;
- Acesta trebuie sa verifice daca persoanele implicate in constructie sunt calificate pentru munca pe care o realizeaza, totodata avand dreptul de a le interzice implicarea in cazul in care etapa respectiva nu este de competenta lor.&lt;br /&gt;
- Un alt rol este acela de a se asigura ca, in constructia in cauza, sunt folosite cantitatile exacte de materiale specificate in proiect. &lt;br /&gt;
- Dirigintele de santier trebuie sa verifice daca perioada de finalizare a unei etape coincide cu data mentionata in contractul semnat intre beneficiar si constructor. Dupa terminarea fiecarei etape, acesta trebuie sa semneze, impreuna cu constructorul, procesul verbal de receptie calitativa. In plus, acesta trebuie sa se asigure ca Inspetoratul de Stat in Constructii verifica finalizarea si calitatea fiecarei etape.&lt;br /&gt;
- Persoana platita de voi pentru a va supraveghea lucrarea trebuie sa verifice calitatea materialelor folosite si sa interzica utilizarea anumitor materiale care nu au certificat de calitate sau agrement tehnic.&lt;br /&gt;
- Acesta este indreptatit sa opreasca si sa demoleze lucrarea daca aceasta nu este realizat corespunzator proiectului sau daca arhitectul doreste utilizarea unor tehnici sau materiale noi. &lt;br /&gt;
- Dirigintele de santier trebuie sa mentina legatura, pe tot parcursul lucrarii, cu beneficiarul si cu proiectantul si sa anunte orice neclaritate aparuta si orice problema care poate pune in pericol sanatatea viitoarei constructii. &lt;br /&gt;
- In faza de receptia a lucrarilor, dirigintele de santier trebuie sa participe la intocmirea actelor de receptie, punand la dispozitia membrilor de comisia a receptiei documentatia si actele necesare, stranse pe parcursul desfasurarii lucrarii. &lt;br /&gt;
- Totalitatea platilor sunt efectuate de catre dirigintele de santier, acesta oferind chitante beneficiarului si cerand chitante de la firma de constructii in cauza.&lt;br /&gt;
- In cazul in care apar diverse probleme in perioada de garantie, acesta trebuie sa se asigure ca firma de constructii in cauza realizeaza reparatiile pe banii sai. &lt;br /&gt;
- Acesta trebuie sa ofere beneficiarului locuinta la cheie insotita de cartea tehnica a constructiei.&lt;br /&gt;
Cu alte cuvinte, daca doriti o constructie sanatoasa si sigura, este indicat sa faceti un efort financiar si sa angajati un diriginte de santier. Acesta va trebui sa verifice fiecare etapa a constructiei cu seriozitatea si exigenta voastra.</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/6240099344535000456/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/04/rolul-dirigintelui-de-santier.html#comment-form' title='2 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/6240099344535000456'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/6240099344535000456'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/04/rolul-dirigintelui-de-santier.html' title='Rolul Dirigintelui de santier'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-2222021114332568393</id><published>2012-03-09T03:52:00.002-08:00</published><updated>2012-03-09T03:52:11.761-08:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'></content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/2222021114332568393/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/03/blog-post_09.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/2222021114332568393'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/2222021114332568393'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/03/blog-post_09.html' title=''/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-1936839158277153749</id><published>2012-03-09T03:50:00.002-08:00</published><updated>2012-03-09T03:50:50.699-08:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'></content><link rel='enclosure' type='' href='http://www.spatiulconstruit.ro/gama-de-produse/acoperisuri-verzi-diadem-simacek-gardening-simacek-gardening-object_id=2636#___Sistem_DIADEM___150http://' length='0'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/1936839158277153749/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/03/blog-post.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/1936839158277153749'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/1936839158277153749'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/03/blog-post.html' title=''/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-1007284319908879113</id><published>2012-03-09T03:18:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-03-09T03:18:13.039-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Etapele de urmat pentru constructia unei case (introducere)</title><content type='html'>Etapele construirii unei case - Introducere &lt;br /&gt;
Pentru a construi o casa, trebuie sa urmati o serie de pasi, in conformitate cu legislatia romaneasca in vigoare: &lt;br /&gt;
• etapa exploratorie: - studiul de tema; - studiul pe variante; - certificatul de urbanism; - Planul Urbanistic Zonal (PUZ); - Planul Urbanistic de Detaliu (PUD); &lt;br /&gt;
• etapa de obtinere a Autorizatiei de Construire &lt;br /&gt;
• proiectul tehnic, proiectul de executie, coordonarea specialitatilor, antemasuratori, caiete de sarcini si detalii de executie; &lt;br /&gt;
• santierul, urmarirea lucrarilor; &lt;br /&gt;
• receptia lucrarilor si finalizarea acestora (inclusiv intabularea); &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Si acum, sa le luam pe rand... &lt;br /&gt;
Faza exploratorie &lt;br /&gt;
Terenul dumneavoastra este construibil? &lt;br /&gt;
In primul rand, trebuie sa faceti o cerere pentru obtinerea unui Certificat de Urbanism. &lt;br /&gt;
Certificatul de urbanism este actul de informare prin care se fac cunoscute solicitantului elementele privind regimul juridic, economic si tehnic al imobilului, caracteristicile zonei in care se gaseste imobilul sau amplasamentul, cerintele urbanistice care urmeaza sa fie indeplinite, precum si lista avizelor si acordurilor necesare in vederea autorizarii executarii lucrarilor de constructii. &lt;br /&gt;
In situatii deosebite, emitentul poate cere, suplimentar, elaborarea unui Plan Urbanistic Zonal sau a unui Plan Urbanistic de Detaliu. &lt;br /&gt;
Daca scopul declarat de solicitant este autorizarea executarii lucrarilor de constructii, iar specificul obiectivului nu se incadreaza in prevederile documentatiilor de urbanism existente aprobate sau daca particularitatile amplasamentului nu permit realizarea investitiei, certificatul se elibereaza cu mentionarea expresa a incompatibilitatilor rezultate, precum si a imposibilitatii eliberarii unei autorizatii de construire. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Certificatul de Urbanism se emite pentru: &lt;br /&gt;
- autorizarea executiei lucrarilor de constructii si a instalatiilor aferente; - desfiintarea constructiilor; - concesionarea de terenuri; - cereri in justitie; - alte scopuri. &lt;br /&gt;
Pentru obtinerea unui Certificat de Urbanism, aveti nevoie de: - cerere-tip pentru emiterea certificatului de urbanism, completata cu elementele de identificare ale solicitantului si imobilului, cu precizarea scopului solicitarii actului; - plan de situatie, eliberat pe suport topografic – vizat de oficiul judetean de cadastru, geodezie si cartografie – la scarile 1:5000 pana la 1:500; - documentul de plata a taxei de eliberare a certificatului de urbanism (stabilita de catre emitent conform legii) – copie. &lt;br /&gt;
Cateva precizari: - nu trebuie sa prezentati titlul asupra imobilului sau alt act care sa ateste dreptul de proprietate - Certificatul de Urbanism nu tine loc de autorizatie de construire/desfiintare si nu confera dreptul de a executa lucrari de constructii; - termenul prevazut de lege pentru eliberarea certificatului de urbanism este de 30 de zile de la data depunerii documentatiei la forurile competente; - valabilitatea certificatului de urbanism este stabilita de catre emitent; &lt;br /&gt;
Sunt considerate terenuri pentru constructii urmatoarele: - terenuri din interiorul localitatilor, ocupate sau libere de constructii; - terenuri aparent libere, pentru functiuni urbane de interes public; - terenuri ce apartin statului sau unitatilor administrativ-teritoriale si se pot concesiona cu sau fara licitatie. &lt;br /&gt;
Terenul dumneavoastra trebuie sa fie construibil din punct de vedere tehnic: - verificarea subsolului (casele vecine au subsol?); - nivelul apelor freatice; - existenta utilitatilor publice; - posibilitatea de racord la canalizare, apa, electricitate, gaz, telefon. &lt;br /&gt;
Studii preliminare, schita de proiect, proiectul de autorizare &lt;br /&gt;
Arhitectul va studia, impreuna cu dvs., terenul pe care se va afla viitoarea constructie: amplasament, imprejurimi, topografie, caracteristici, servituti, climat, nevoile si dorintele dvs. &lt;br /&gt;
Daca doriti sa transformati o cladire existenta, sunt necesare cateva studii preliminare referitoare la starea tehnica a constructiei respective.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Astfel, avand ca baza aceste motivatii, arhitectul va va propune una sau mai multe solutii: “schita de proiect”. In momentul in care se ajunge la o solutie care va multumeste, se poate face o estimare aproximativa a investitiei din punct de vedere al costului. Daca arhitectul are convingerea ca resursele dvs. financiare sunt insuficiente pentru scopul propus, el are datoria de a va informa asupra acestui fapt. &lt;br /&gt;
Se ajunge la un plan de arhitectura general, care poate fi elaborat pentru faza urmatoare (proiectul de autorizare). &lt;br /&gt;
Obtinerea Autorizatiei de Construire (AC) &lt;br /&gt;
Autorizatia de construire este actul de autoritate al administratiei publice locale in baza caruia se pot executa lucrari de constructii si pe baza caruia se asigura aplicarea masurilor legale cu privire la amplasarea, proiectarea, executarea si functionarea obiectivelor investitii. &lt;br /&gt;
AC se elibereaza pentru: - orice constructie noua; - constructii provizorii pe santier; - lucrari cu caracter provizoriu; - reconstruire, modificare, extindere, reparare, restaurare a cladirilor de orice fel; &lt;br /&gt;
Autorizatia de Construire NU este necesara pentru lucrari de reparatii care nu modifica forma exterioara a constructiei, materialele din care este executata sa pastreze golurile de tamplarie, nu se altereaza structura de rezistenta sau aspectul arhitectural al constructiei. &lt;br /&gt;
Daca, insa, lucrarile mentionate mai sus se executa la constructii monumente istorice, emiterea autorizatiilor de construire este OBLIGATORIE. &lt;br /&gt;
Documente necesare pentru completarea dosarului ce se depune in vederea emiterii AC: - cerere pentru emiterea AC, inclusiv anexa, completata cu elementele de identificare si datele tehnice, conform Proiectului de Autorizare de Construire (PAC); - PAC, inclusiv referatele de verificare si cel de expertiza tehnica, dupa caz, semnate si stampilate in original (doua exemplare); - actul doveditor al titularului asupra imobilului, care sa ii confere solicitantului dreptul de executie a lucrarilor de constructie; - certificatul de urbanism; - fisele tehnice pentru obtinerea avizelor cerute prin certificatul de urbanism, necesare emiterii Acordului Unic (act cu valoare de aviz conform, care insumeaza avize si acorduri favorabile, exprimate prin fise tehnice, pentru unitati urbane), precum si documentatiile tehnice necesare emiterii avizelor si acordurilor care sunt in competenta de obtinere a emitentului; - declaratia pe propria raspundere privind inexistenta unor litigii juridice asupra imobilului; - documentele de plata pentru emiterea AC, pentru avizele si acordurile necesare.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In acelasi timp cu AC, se poate solicita si Proiectul pentru Organizarea Executiei Lucrarilor (POE). &lt;br /&gt;
PAC este proiectul tehnic pentru AC si se elaboreaza de catre colective tehnice de specialitate, se insuseste si se semneaza de cadre tehnice cu pregatire superioara numai in domeniul arhitecturii si constructiilor, astfel: &lt;br /&gt;
- arhitect cu diploma recunoscuta de statul roman, pentru partea de arhitectura (membru OAR, cu drept de semnatura); - inginer cu diploma recunoscuta de statul roman pentru partea de inginerie. Verificarea proiectelor se face de catre verificatori atestati. &lt;br /&gt;
Termenul de eliberarea a AC este de 30 de zile de la data depunerii documentatiei complete. Daca documentatia este incompleta, ea se returneaza solicitantului in termen de 5 zile lucratoare de la data inregistrarii, cu mentionarea in scris a deficientelor si a elementelor necesare completarii acesteia. Odata cu AC, veti primi, in doua exemplare, un document de “Instiintare privind data inceperii lucrarilor” - acest document trebuie inaintat Inspectoratului de Stat in Constructii, la inceperea santierului. Precizari: - refuzul unei AC trebuie motivat de emitent in termen de 20 de zile de la primirea cererii; - in lipsa acestei notificari, autorizatia se considera emisa la expirarea termenului de 30 zile. Taxe: - taxa pentru eliberarea certificatului de urbanism se calculeaza in functie de suprafata pentru care se solicita, iar in mediul rural se percepe 50% din valoarea taxei percepute pentru mediul urban. - taxa pentru obtinerea AC se calculeaza ca fiind, in general, de 1% din valoarea investitiei, iar pentru locuinte, de 0,5% . Sunt exceptate de la plata taxei de obtinere a AC: - lacasurile de cult si anexele acestora; - lucrarile de dezvoltare, modernizare sau de reabilitare a infrastructurilor din transporturi care apartin domeniului public al statului; - lucrarile de interes public judetean sau local - constructiile ai caror beneficiari sunt institutiile publice; - proprietarii de monumente istorice – pentru interventiile asupra monumentelor istorice detinute, in cazul in care proprietarii utilizeaza bunul imobil detinut numai pentru activitati necomerciale sau, in mod direct, pentru locuit; - persoane fizice veterani de razboi; - persoane persecutate din motive etnice de catre regimurile instaurate intre 6 &lt;br /&gt;
5. septembrie 1940 si 6 martie 1945; - persoane persecutate din motive politice de catre dictatura instaurata incepand cu 6 martie 1945; - persoanele deportate sau cele constituite in prizonieri. &lt;br /&gt;
Cheltuielile pentru controlul statului in autorizarea executarii lucrarilor se suporta de catre dumneavoastra si reprezinta 0,1 % din valoarea lucrarilor autorizate. Cheltuielile pentru elaborarea reglementarilor tehnice si pentru inspectia statului pentru controlul calitatii lucrarilor de constructii sunt suportate de catre dumneavoastra, prin virarea unei sume care reprezinta 0,7% din cheltuielile de constructie autorizate, acestea putandu-se achita esalonat. Precizare: In mediul rural, valoarea taxelor este de 50% din cea a taxelor urbane. &lt;br /&gt;
Proiectul tehnic, detalii de executie, caiete de sarcini, antemasuratori &lt;br /&gt;
Dupa ce a fost obtinuta AC, arhitectul si colaboratorii sai incep elaborarea proiectului tehnic si a detaliilor de executie necesare pentru inceperea lucrului pe santier. &lt;br /&gt;
Proiectul tehnic contine: a) parti scrise - descrierea generala a lucrarilor; - caietele de sarcini; - listele cu cantitati de lucrari; - graficul general de realizare a investitiei; b) parti desenate - planuri generale; - planse pricipale ale obiectelor; - arhitectura; - structura; - instalatii; - dotari si instalatii tehnologice; - dotari de mobilier, inventar gospodaresc, paza contra incendiilor, protectia muncii. &lt;br /&gt;
Santierul si urmarirea lucrarilor &lt;br /&gt;
Pe toata perioada derularii lucrarilor, la loc vizibil, trebuie afisat un panou de minimum 90 x 60 cm, panou ce va contine datele de identificare ale investitiei: - denumire; - adresa; - beneficiar; - proiectant general; - executant (constructor); - numarul Autorizatiei de Construire si valabilitatea acesteia; - data inceperii si data terminarii lucrarilor;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Obligatiile dumneavoastra si ale executantului sunt: - urmarirea executiei lucrarilor prin inspectorul de santier autorizat (diriginte) ca reprezentant al dvs. si responsabilul tehnic cu executia, atestat, din partea executantului; - intocmirea cartii tehnice a constructiei – evidenta tuturor documentelor privind constructia in toate etapele realizarii ei; se intocmeste si se completeaza prin grija inspectorului de santier pe perioada execuarii lucrarilor; dupa aceea, obligatia de completare va revine dumneavoastra; - efectuarea receptiei la terminarea lucrarilor in termen, precum si a receptiei finale, dupa perioada de garantie; - urmarirea comportarii in exploatare a constructiei. Arhitectul are dreptul si obligatia de a urmari executarea intocmai a lucrarilor proiectate. Neconformitatea acestora cu documentatia elaborata va va fi semnalata dumneavoastra si, dupa caz, organismelor de control abilitate. &lt;br /&gt;
Pe toata durata santierului, arhitectul efectueaza: - inspectii periodice; - controlul starii diverselor categorii de lucrari, verificarea partii financiare a lucrarilor; &lt;br /&gt;
Executantul, in baza contractului de antrepriza, are urmatoarele obligatii pentru asigurarea calitatii constructiilor: - sa va sesiseze cu privire la neconformitatile si/sau neconcordantele din proiect, pentru a putea fi solutionate de catre proiectant; - sa inceapa executia numai daca exista Autorizatie de Construire; - sa execute lucrarile numai pe baza si in conformitate cu proiectul tehnic de executie. &lt;br /&gt;
Receptia lucrarilor si finalizarea acestora, inclusiv intabularea Prin actul de receptie, se certifica faptul ca executantul si-a indeplinit obligatiile contractuale, in conformitate cu documentatia de executie. &lt;br /&gt;
Receptia se realizeaza in doua etape: - receptia la terminarea lucrarilor – este obligatorie si pentru realizarea lucrarilor in regie proprie; - receptia finala la expirarea perioadei de garantie. &lt;br /&gt;
Dumneavoastra aveti obligatia sa incepeti receptia in maximum 15 zile de la notificarea termenului lucrarilor de catre executant si sa comunicati data proiectantului, executantului si membrilor comisiei. &lt;br /&gt;
Receptia lucrarilor se face de catre o comisie, aleasa de dumneavoastra, din care trebuie sa faca parte si reprezentantul Administratiei locale. Proiectantul si executantul (sau reprezentantii lor) nu pot face parte din comisia de receptie, intrucat au calitatea de invitati. &lt;br /&gt;
7Comisia de receptie examineaza: - respectarea prevederilor din Autorizatia de Construire, precum si avizele si conditiile impuse de autoritatile competente; - executarea lucrarilor in conformitate cu prevederile contractului, cu cele ale documentatiei de executie si cele ale reglementarilor specifice; - referatul de prezentare, intocmit de proiectant, cu privire la modul cum a fost executata lucrarea; - terminarea tuturor lucrarilor prevazute in contractul incheiat intre dumneavoastra si executant. &lt;br /&gt;
La terminarea examinarii, comisia va consemna observatiile si concluziile in procesul verbal de receptie. Receptia se poate face daca nu exista obiectii. Daca exista obiectii, se poate face receptia, cu notarea expresa a acestora si cu posibilitatea de remediere a defectiunilor sau lipsurilor in termen de 90 zile. Dupa efectuarea remedierilor, executantul va cere, in scris, anularea obiectiilor. &lt;br /&gt;
Dupa punerea in functiune a obiectivului de investitii, dumneavoastra aveti obligatia sa: - regularizati taxele datorate administratiei publice locale, precum si achitarea celorlate obligatii legale; - obtineti adeverinta de existenta a constructiei (pe baza de cerere, extras de carte funciara in original, valabil de 30 zile, plan parcelar intocmit de proiectantul autorizat de Oficiul National de Cadastru, copia Autorizatiei de Constructie, proces verbal de receptie a lucrarilor) pentru intabulare sau obtinerea autorizatiei de functionare- inregistrare in Cartea Funciara; - declarati investitia in vederea impunerii.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mic dictionar &lt;br /&gt;
• Aria construita = suprafata ocupata de catre constructie la sol (amprenta casei pe teren); &lt;br /&gt;
• Aria construita desfasurata = suprafata insumata a tuturor nivelelor; &lt;br /&gt;
• Aria utila = suprafata insumata a camerelor fara grosimile zidurilor (suprafata interioara a camerelor); &lt;br /&gt;
• Aria locuibila = suprafata insumata a camerelor locuibile; &lt;br /&gt;
• Certificat de Urbanism = actul de informare prin care se fac cunoscute solicitantului elementele privind regimul juridic, economic si tehnic al imobilului, caracteristicile zonei in care se gaseste imobilul sau amplasamentul, cerintele urbanistice care urmeaza safie indeplinite, precum si lista avizelor si acordurilor necesare in vederea autorizarii executarii lucrarilor de constructii. &lt;br /&gt;
• Autorizatia de construire = actul de autoritate al administratiei publice locale in baza caruia se pot executa lucrari de constructii si pe baza caruia se asigura aplicarea masurilor legale cu privire la amplasarea, proiectarea, executarea si functionarea obiectivelor investitii. &lt;br /&gt;
• PUG = Proiect Urbanistic General - contine reglementarile urbanistice valabile la nivelul unui oras si care trebuie respectate in Autorizatia de Constructie. &lt;br /&gt;
• PUZ = Proiect Urbanistic Zonal, contine reglementarile urbanistice valabile pentru o zona mai mare (aproximativ 10 ha) care nu este bine definita urbanistic (teren viran sau care a fost afectat de demolari masive). &lt;br /&gt;
• PUD = Proiect Urbanistic de Detaliu, se realizeaza pentru un anume teren; prin intermediul lui se precizeaza perimetrul construibil, retragerile fata de limite, regim de inaltime, aliniament, in corelare cu terenurile invecinate. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sfaturi utile pentru cei care vor sa cumpere un teren: &lt;br /&gt;
• Terenurile mai mici de 150 mp sunt declarate neconstruibile, prin urmare nu puteti obtine Autorizatia de Construire, decat pentru consolidarea casei care exista si numai daca aceasta este realizata din zidarie; &lt;br /&gt;
• Daca latimea la strada este mai mica de 10-12 m, trebuie elaborat PUD; &lt;br /&gt;
• PUD se mai cere si in cazul in care nu se pot respecta, din diferite motive, reglementarile existente in PUG pentru zona respectiva; &lt;br /&gt;
• In general, pentru Bucuresti, procentul de ocupare la sol al terenului (POT) este de 45-60%, iar coeficientul de utilizare al terenului este de 0,9-1,3; &lt;br /&gt;
• Inainte de cumpararea terenului, este bine ca vanzatorul sa obtina Certificatul de Urbanism in vederea vanzarii, pentru a putea sti cu precizie daca terenul este construibil si sa puteti sti eventuala amplasare a casei (retragerile fata de limite, regimul de inaltime etc.) &lt;br /&gt;
• Este bine sa consultati un arhitect inainte de a cumpara terenul, pentru a putea afla daca ceea ce doriti sa construiti se poate realiza pe terenul respectiv. &lt;br /&gt;
• Inainte de cumpararea terenului, trebuie verificate, cu ajutorul unui inginer topometrist, daca forma si dimensiunea terenului in realitate corespund cu ceea ce este trecut in acte, altfel spus, daca cumparati ce este in acte. &lt;br /&gt;
• Trebuie verificat daca exista posibilitatea de realizare a racordului la retelele de utilitati (apa, canalizare, gaze, electricitate, telefonie, cablu TV) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Este bine sa consultati um studiu geotehnic al terenului respectiv, sau sa platiti o taxa pentru a face un astfel de studiu, imediat ce ati cumparat terenul, pentru a sti exact conditiile de fundare. &lt;br /&gt;
• Este bine sa cunoasteti legile care stau la baza emiterii autorizatiilor de construire.</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/1007284319908879113/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/03/etapele-de-urmat-pentru-constructia_8216.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/1007284319908879113'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/1007284319908879113'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/03/etapele-de-urmat-pentru-constructia_8216.html' title='Etapele de urmat pentru constructia unei case (introducere)'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-25307714824925819</id><published>2012-03-09T03:06:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2012-03-09T03:06:47.995-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Priza de pamant(partea aIIa)</title><content type='html'>Cum se face.&lt;br /&gt;
Raspuns:&lt;br /&gt;
1. Se alege o zona de sol propice obtinerii unei rezistente de impamantare scazute care sa conduca la utilizarea unui numar minim de electrozi care se introduc in sol circa 70-80% din lungime.&lt;br /&gt;
2. Pentru obtinerea unei prize de circa 4Ohmi se introduc electrozi in pamant asa cum am mentionat mai sus si se unesc (recomandat prin sudura) cu o platbanda care va merge direct in tabloul principal de distributie al casei (la conductorul PE care poate fi unit de conductorul neutru).&lt;br /&gt;
3. Pentru calculul numarului de electrozi nu este o formula bine stabilita deoarece rezistenta ohmica (electrod-sol) pe care o asigura acesta depinde foarte mult de tipul solului si modul de executie (cat de bine a fost batatorit pamantul in jurul sau). Pentru inceput iti propun sa alegi o zona din curte &quot;agricola&quot; unde ai sa bati si ai sa batatoresti pamantul bine in jurul primului electrod iar apoi o sa-i masori rezistenta ohmica electrod-sol (care de obicei nu va depasi 30-40 Ohmi). Metoda de masura o gasesti in Manualul pentru autorizarea electricienilor instalatori la pagina 192, editia 1995.&lt;br /&gt;
Daca valoarea ohmica a prizei de pamant realizata initial cu primul electrod de care vorbeam este sa zicem circa 32 Ohmi, pentru a obtine o priza de pamant de 16 OHmi ne mai trebuie unul, daca o vrem de 4 OHmi ne mai trebuie inca 2 electrozi etc (deci in total 4 pana acum).&lt;br /&gt;
OBS.Deoarece exista posibilitatea ca sa nu obtinem aceasi valoare de 32 OHmi pentru fiecare electrod, din experienta, iti recomand sa mai pui 2 electrozi obtinand in acest fel un rezultat sigur de cel mult 4-5 Ohmi a prizei de pamant.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
IN GENERAL, CAM ASTA E CU EXECUTIA PRIZELOR DE PAMANT.</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/25307714824925819/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/03/priza-de-pamantpartea-aiia.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/25307714824925819'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/25307714824925819'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/03/priza-de-pamantpartea-aiia.html' title='Priza de pamant(partea aIIa)'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-7909459315953184125</id><published>2012-03-09T03:05:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-03-09T03:05:09.587-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Cum sa construieste i impamantare ca la carte</title><content type='html'>Priza de impamintare are rolul de a prelua in caz de accident tensiunea periculoasa si de a cobori nivelul acesteia sub pragul de electrocutare. Nivelul maxim pentru un curent electric admis pentru corpul uman la limita electrocutarii este de aproximativ 25-30 mA, ceea ce se poate produce in conditii normale daca tensiunea aplicata depaseste valoarea de 24 Vca. O priza de pamant trebuie sa aiba o rezistenta masurata de maxim 4 Ohmi pentru instalatii la care curentul maxim de scurtcircuit este de 6A. Daca limitarea se face prin sigurante la o alta valoare trebuie sa asiguram o rezistenta maxima in asa fel incat sa nu depasim in caz de scurtcircuit valoarea de 24Vca.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
R=U/I =24/I unde I=curentul maxim prin instalatie.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
O impamantare se poate face astfel: se bat in pamant 3 tevi galvanizate de min 25-30 mm diametru, in lungime fiecare de aproximativ 2 metri, la o distanta intre ele de 0,6 - 2 metri. Se sudeaza electric intre ele cu o platbanda tot galvanizata (cu sectiunea de minim 100 mm patrati), iar sudurile este bine a se proteja cu un strat de smoala. Un capat al platbandei va fi scos la suprafata, protejat intr-o doza de legatura (sau piesa de separatie, unde se vor face si viitoarele masuratori periodice de verificare) de unde va pleca, printr-o legatura cu contact ferm, conductorul de protectie spre tabloul de distributie.</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/7909459315953184125/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/03/cum-sa-construieste-i-impamantare-ca-la.html#comment-form' title='6 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/7909459315953184125'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/7909459315953184125'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/03/cum-sa-construieste-i-impamantare-ca-la.html' title='Cum sa construieste i impamantare ca la carte'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>6</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8963864802906463849.post-7699382387490442838</id><published>2012-03-09T03:00:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2012-03-09T03:00:17.858-08:00</updated><title type='text'>Etapele de urmat pentru constructia unei case</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhczcSK-2cGUJgLYNujjv3KkZNxr0OZi3XIVr4jVMTtaVBCS9_CHm9-TXpba6xnwrFiIw64kJxRN5be4nvsyYA4IzFCpy3Asf7_J-d0xqNvvDMtpW-x8YMnXJfO6ecTJekx6oik7fLjABpU/s1600/etape-pentru-a-construi-o-casa.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;clear:left; float:left;margin-right:1em; margin-bottom:1em&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;300&quot; width=&quot;300&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhczcSK-2cGUJgLYNujjv3KkZNxr0OZi3XIVr4jVMTtaVBCS9_CHm9-TXpba6xnwrFiIw64kJxRN5be4nvsyYA4IzFCpy3Asf7_J-d0xqNvvDMtpW-x8YMnXJfO6ecTJekx6oik7fLjABpU/s400/etape-pentru-a-construi-o-casa.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Parcurs administrativ&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
etape-pentru-a-construi-o-casa1.Alege cu atentie terenul intravilan pentru construirea casei/ cladirii: atentie la suprafata necesara, forma geometrica, pozitionarea geografica, studiul geotehnic, utilitatile aferente si vecinatatile acestuia;&lt;br /&gt;
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2.Cumpara terenul dupa ce ai analizat atent toate aspectele, pentru un raport optim pret – calitate;&lt;br /&gt;
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3.Dupa achizitia terenului contacteaza un Proiectant pentru o prima discutie, in vederea stabilirii arhitecturii si structurii de rezistenta adecvate situatiei;&lt;br /&gt;
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4.Mergi la Primaria localitatii respective pentru depunerea Cererii de emitere a Certificatului de Urbanism: ai nevoie de actul de proprietate/ vanzare-cumparare/ titlu imobil – carte funciara, plan situatie - cadastru, chitanta de plata a taxei;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
5.Dupa depunerea Cererii de emitere a Certificatului de Urbanism procedeaza la urmatoarea intalnire cu Proiectantul, in vederea elaborarii Documentatiei Tehnice pentru Autorizatia de Construire;&lt;br /&gt;
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6.In maxim 30 de zile va fi eliberat Certificatul de Urbanism, in care vor fi precizate Avizele si Acordurile necesare pentru retele, siguranta si securitate, speciale, etc. din zona;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
7.Accelereaza procesul de obtinere Certificatului de Urbanism; ulterior - a Avizelor/ Acordurilor si a Documentatiei Tehnice pentru Autorizatia de Construire;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
8.Mergi la Primarie pentru a depune Cererea de eliberare a Autorizatiei de Construire: ai nevoie de Certificatul de Urbanism, Avize si Acorduri obtinute, Documentatie Tehnica pentru Autorizatia de Construire vizata de un Verificator de Proiect, precum si chitanta de achtare a taxei;&lt;br /&gt;
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9.In maxim 30 de zile va fi eliberata Autorizatia de Construire.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- Atentie: Certificatul de Urbanism nu tine loc de Autorizatie de Construire;&lt;br /&gt;
- Autorizatia de Construire este valabila 12 luni de la data emiterii, timp in care trebuie sa demarezi lucrarile de executie;&lt;br /&gt;
- Autorizatia de Construire se poate prelungi inca 12 luni, dar trebuie sa mergi in timp util la Primarie.&lt;br /&gt;
- Documentatia Tehnica are destinatia obtinerii Autorizatiei de Construire; pentru executia efectiva a lucrarilor este necesar un Proiect Tehnic cu Detalii de Executie.</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/feeds/7699382387490442838/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/03/etapele-de-urmat-pentru-constructia_09.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/7699382387490442838'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8963864802906463849/posts/default/7699382387490442838'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://erceanu.blogspot.com/2012/03/etapele-de-urmat-pentru-constructia_09.html' title='Etapele de urmat pentru constructia unei case'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05634406758957883672</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhczcSK-2cGUJgLYNujjv3KkZNxr0OZi3XIVr4jVMTtaVBCS9_CHm9-TXpba6xnwrFiIw64kJxRN5be4nvsyYA4IzFCpy3Asf7_J-d0xqNvvDMtpW-x8YMnXJfO6ecTJekx6oik7fLjABpU/s72-c/etape-pentru-a-construi-o-casa.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry></feed>