2012-02-25T12:24:00.000-08:00

Science and Technology

Science and technology is a term of art used to encompass the relationship between science and technology. It frequently appears within titles of academic disciplines (science and technology studies) and government offices (Office of Science and Technology).

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Science and Technology- Brief Introduction

The Indian science and technology space has been very instrumental in bringing-in social and economic changes. The country has not only endeavoured to upgrade traditional skills to make them relevant and competitive, but has also been on a spur to develop advanced technologies on the fronts of science and technology, which has eventually played a pivotal role in transforming the nation into a modern, industrialised society. Scientific knowledge and expertise, innovation, high technology, industrial infrastructure and skilled workforce are the key factors that have driven the progress of the country to a major extent.

India is also one of the top-ranking countries in the field of basic research. Certain developments that took place on this front in the recent past have been discussed hereafter.

Space Technology

Indian space technology has come a long way in terms of infrastructure as well as investments. Major developments that took place on the space technology canvas are-

K Narayana, Adviser and former Director of the Sathish Dhawan Space Center (SDSC), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has told that the Geo-Synchronous Launch Vehicle (GSLV) - Mark (Mk)-III will be launched by ISRO for experimental purposes in 2012 under which it would place a communication satellite in the orbit.
Further, ISRO is said to have developed a launch base that is at par with international standards. It has recently launched Mega-tropiques satellite to measure the weather in tropics. This satellite is expected to provide substantial aid in tropical meteorology.
IIT-Kanpur-designed nano satellite 'Jugnu' has been recently placed into orbit by the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle C18 (PSLV-C18) of ISRO. The loaf-sized satellite, that has marked a turning-point in Indian space technology for miniaturisation, entails communication capabilities, power source and a control system along with the basic functions of a much bigger satellite.

Nuclear Technology

Dr Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister of India willresume talks on nuclear power pacts with Russia and Japan soon. Papers are being prepared to ink a civil nuclear cooperation agreement with Japan to import nuclear technologies. After two reactors at Koodankulam nuclear power project in Tamil Nadu, Dr Singh is keen to sign deals for third and fourth reactors on the same site with Russia during the talks. Hike in number of nuclear power plants is on his priority list as he believes it would help India meet its future energy demands to a great extent.

Renewable Energy

India is the fifth largest consumer of energy globally and is anticipated to become the world's third biggest energy consumer by 2030, leaving Japan and Russia behind. In the wake of such projections, investments in renewable energy sector are on a high.

Modern Western technology has produced amazing achievements, but we must analyze the wider implications of such technologies and their notions of progress. These technologies often bring huge negative consequences that seem negligible in the short-term. We need to dispassionately investigate whether there are alternative technologies that offer more sustainable progress for all, rather than only the privileged.

In search for such technologies, traditional knowledge or ‘local knowledge' provides a pointer. Traditional knowledge is the technical, social, organizational and cultural collective memory of human responses to the complexities of life, and is a part of the great human experiment of survival and development. Western criteria should not be the sole benchmark by which non-Western cultural knowledge is evaluated. While Western intellectual discourse has marginalized the term 'traditional' with the connotation of 'pre-modern' in the sense of 'primitive' or 'outdated', many of the traditional sciences and technologies were quite advanced by ‘modern' standards as well as better adapted to unique local conditions and needs than their later substitutes.

These traditional folk and elite sciences are intertwined with their distinct ancient cultures and worldviews. Unfortunately, modernization has homogenized the categories, reducing diversity of worldviews in ways similar to the destruction of biodiversity. Using contrived hegemonic categories – such as science verses magic, technology verses superstitions, modern versus tradition – European colonizers systematically exterminated or undermined local traditional science, technology and crafts. Aside from intellectual arrogance, there was a profit motive to this – as evidenced by Britain's conquest of Indian textile and metallurgical know-how. Many anthropologists who have recently worked with so-called 'primitive' peoples have been surprised to learn of some of their highly evolved and sophisticated technologies. The term 'Traditional Knowledge System' was thus coined as a scientific system which has its own validity, as a supplement to 'modern' science.

Infinity Foundation's vision is to correct the portrayal of Indian civilization in a wide range of academic disciplines, including the history of science, history of ideas, world history, anthropology and culture. Besides India's philosophical and cultural legacy, its scientific heritage needs to be understood in order to give its people a realistic sense of their place in the world. This aim is not inspired by chauvinism, but by the need to better comprehend the genius of Indian Civilization, and by the need to provide a fresh and vital voice in the global community. The foundation has undertaken the challenge of compiling a 20-volume reference series titled, The History of Indian Science and Technology:

The Science and Technology Definition

Science is seek for the abstruse knowledge. Scientists investigate the apple about us. They beam how things plan and advance account about means to accomplish them plan better. Sometimes they try to analysis an abstraction to explain how something works. Scientists accomplish abstracts to acquisition out how things work. The ability that they ascertain is advantageous for abounding things. It can advice to body new machines. It can advice scientists to advance new medicines or cure a disease. Technology is the use of accurate ability to actualize new things.

An artist is a being who creates a new abstraction or accessory to accomplish a task. An apparatus is the new technology created. An artist with a new abstraction or architecture for an apparatus may adjudge to accept the abstraction protected. The abstraction gets aegis from the law in a cardboard alleged a patent. A apparent prevents added humans from making, using, or affairs the new abstraction after permission from the inventor. Some inventions are artlessly a bigger way of accomplishing or architecture something. They may advance an absolute technology. Added inventions are abundant added complicated.

Today’s technology has been in the action of development for bags of years. New inventions are consistently alteration how humans plan and play. They change how humans anticipate and live. The approaching consistently brings us even added changes. This will appear as we abide to apprentice about the world.

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There are two reasons to pursue scientific knowledge: for the sake of the knowledge itself, and for the practical uses of that knowledge. Because this second aspect of science affects the lives of most people, it is more familiar than the first. Knowledge must be gained, however, before it can be applied, and often the most important technological advances arise from research pursued for its own sake.

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How someone could define what is Science and Technology?

Science is search for the profound knowledge. Scientists investigate the world around us. They observe how things work and develop ideas about ways to make them work better. Sometimes they try to test an idea to explain how something works. Scientists perform experiments to find out how things work. The knowledge that they discover is useful for many things. It can help to build new machines. It can help scientists to develop new medicines or cure a disease. Technology is the use of scientific knowledge to create new things.

Do we depend on science and technology?

What did you do today? Did you talk on the telephone? Did you ride in a car or on a bus? Did you use a computer or turn on a light? If you did any of these things, you used technology.

Almost everybody uses some form of technology at work, home, or school. Computer programmers use computer technology to write a computer program. People may write letters using a computer program called a word processor. Many people work in the entertainment industry. Camera operators use television and motion-picture cameras. They use them to make TV shows and movies. Disc jockeys, or DJs, play records and CDs on the radio.

Scientists use all sorts of technology to study the Earth and the Universe. Businesses often have telephones, fax machines, and computers. Graphic designers use desktop publishing programs to create books and magazines. Doctors frequently use medical technology. They use it to treat injuries, illnesses, and diseases such as cancer. Pilots fly airplanes and helicopters. Who knows what jobs will be created by new technologies in the future!

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