Environment

Metode Pot Biopori Pada Tanaman Pot Indoor

dhewiqs@gmail.com (Dhewiqs) — Fri, 13 Apr 2012 13:03:00 +0700

Penggunaan limbah rumah tangga menjadi sesuatu yang bermanfaat bagi lingkungan merupakan kegiatan yang langka. Hal ini dilakukan oleh siswa-siswi di SMAN 1 Tanjungpinang. Limbah langsung dikolektifkan perkelas dan dapat dikelola ketika pelajaran Lingkungan Hidup dan Pertamanan.

Adapun limbah yang digunakan antara lain :

Botol minum aqua/merk lainnya
Kain perca bekas yang dapat menyerap banyak air.
Paku dan Api ( sebagai pemolong dasar botol)

Dan Langkah-langkah yang dilakukan antara lain:

Bagian dasar botol dibolongkan sekitar 5 atau 6 titik dengan paku panas.
Kain perca digunting lebih kecil agar mudah dimasukkan kedalam botol, dan dipadatkan sampai tiga per empat isi botol.
Kemudian isikan air kedalam botol tersebut, jika airnya hanya merembes sedikit melalui celah lubang botol itu berarti kegiatan ini sudah benar.
Lalu tanamkan botol tersebut pada pot indoor.

Manfaat dari metode ini:

Menyiram tanaman ketika air didalam botol mulai habis (sekitar 3 sampai 4 hari) dan tidak becek.
Pemadatan tanah pada pot dapat teratasi.
Penyuburan tanah karena tanah tida mengalami pemadatan sehingga akar dengan mudah berkembang.

LET'S TRY............!!!!

The occurrence of the process of Muddy Coast

dhewiqs@gmail.com (Dhewiqs) — Sun, 2 Oct 2011 18:14:00 +0700

Muddy beach is a beach full of mud, black, and smelly. The smell comes from the decay of dead animals and plants. Type of beach like this usually are often found in river estuaries. In this area found many animals and plants that are resistant to extreme environmental conditions. Extreme environment is the environment where the majority of living beings in general are not able to live. The animals in that environment will survive with fresh water from the river at low tide and the sea water at high tide.

The occurrence of Muddy Coast Process:

Mud from land taken to the sea via rivers.
Mud from the sea brought to shore by the current direction.
Mud from land and sea to settle to form sludge exposure, then there was a muddy beach

Types of biota that existed at the muddy shore :

Animal :
Types of animals that are often found in muddy beach is barking snails, mud snails, crabs, mud worms, clams, snails, fish restaurant, monitor lizards, crocodiles, snakes, birds, and monkeys.

Plant :
While the vegetation is of the type of mangroves and seagrass beds.

Typical Characteristics Muddy Coast

Characteristic of this beach is usually: the muddy beach is a beach full of mud, black, and smelly. The smell comes from the decay of dead animals and plants.

Relationships between biota

The relationship between the biota is clearly visible, which is between the proliferation of mangroves and seagrasses. This beach is also there that the food chain between plants and animals live.

Human Role In Maintaining Balance Environment

dhewiqs@gmail.com (Dhewiqs) — Thu, 15 Sep 2011 21:14:00 +0700

One thing that can not be removed from the ecosystem is the human population increasing from time to time may result in lowering the value of our ecosystems. Utilization of natural resources out of control can bring a whole ecosystem becomes unbalanced. Therefore, controlling the human population needs to be regulated in such a way so as not to exceed nature's ability to support it. Here biodiversity needs to become an integral part in improving life on earth.

Natural law states that anyone is strong, he will win. In terms of the number of individuals and species, the species that have more offspring more strongly than in species that few offspring. Species that have a descendant of 'rare' will have a small chance to be able to beat its rival. Competition between species would arise when the two populations or the creature's fighting the same needs. Needs referred to here include a need for food, habitat, protection of the safety of themselves and their group or the influence of climate, the influence of solar radiation and so on.

Ecosystem components in the form of energy is very important in maintaining the viability of existing components in the ecosystem. In the study of ecosystems, natural ecosystems component applies the laws of nature as well. The laws relating to energy for living things among which are the first law of thermodynamics, second law of thermodynamics.

The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can be converted from one form to another, are sustainable energy, can not be created and destroyed. Sunlight, for example, can be converted into other energy forms that depend on the processes that terjadi.Misalnya solar energy is converted into heat energy, solar energy is converted into chemical energy that generates potential energy in food and solar energy is converted into electrical energy for lighting can be used by humans to meet their needs.

The second law of thermodynamics states that any system will always tend to change from a state that regularly becomes irregular circumstances. This means that any energy that enters the bodies of living, population or ecosystem can be regarded as stored energy or energy that can be released. In such circumstances the life of this creature can be considered as a modifier of energy. Because living things are diverse, it will be found a variety of strategies to transform the energy as a manifestation of the laws of thermodynamics.

In the history of life, human beings who first willing to accept the mandate of God to manage the universe. People have always tried to be master of the universe. Here human beings are most entitled to organize, organize, and use the environment according to his needs, while other creatures are often not given the opportunity to organize the universe. Thanks to the ability in terms of thinking, reasoning human beings can manage, take advantage of natural resources and non-biological for the necessities of life and living. How to use natural resources is done through a variety of ways all of which were addressed to the prosperity of life, human welfare and survival of children with downs. Man in managing and utilizing natural resources through their intellectual abilities, in addition there is usefulness for living things but also there is a negative side that appears. Effects that always accompany the destruction of natural resources and often also destroy the natural resources of flora and fauna as well as the man himself.

In the creation of beings, God created man as a creature of the most perfect than other creatures. Humans are equipped with the mind and heart to solve the problems it faces, while other creatures do not have a sense of mind. Humans can think of the future offspring, so people can make better planning to retain its presence on this earth.

Environmental impact assessment

dhewiqs@gmail.com (Dhewiqs) — Thu, 15 Sep 2011 20:45:00 +0700

Strategic issues of environmental control efforts include three essential elements, namely how to dig and

Finding the most dominant source of pollution,
Finding the circulation of harmful wastes,
Doing solving solutions.

Dig and find the source of pollutants carried through the study of environmental aspects, both the natural environment and social environment. It is recognized that humans and the environment interact and affect each other. Which factor is more dominant influence is highly dependent of the human role in that environment.

Environmental pollution is a process of entry of material or energy into the environment that can cause unwanted changes both in terms of physical, chemical and biological thus negatively impacting health, the existence of the creature life, especially human and other organisms. Materials that pollute the environment are called pollutants. Pollutants may include material / particles or energy.

These pollutants into the surrounding natural environment can occur from various causes, such as unhealthy behaviors in a group of people, population growth is not matched by the facilities and environmental facilities are adequate, the use of natural resources that do not pay attention to its preservation, the amount of pollutants that is not balanced by environmental carrying capacity and application of technology that is not offset by the application of science of ecology.

Understanding the environmental impact analysis is closely related to human understanding of the changes caused by an activity. In the case of these activities necessarily involve aspects of the activity, whether related to economic, political, social and cultural rights. Each activity should be based on proper planning, and forwarded to the implementation of appropriate regulations and was followed by monitoring and evaluation. Planning aspects associated with human thought in making the right frame of mind, the blueprint of what is decent and what is not feasible to be developed.

In this case humans can design activities to be undertaken and its impact on the environment. Environmental impact assessment of activities carried out before the implementation of development projects or business activities carried out.

Potential seagrass ecosystems in the province of Riau Islands Indonesia

dhewiqs@gmail.com (Dhewiqs) — Mon, 12 Sep 2011 16:47:00 +0700

Coastal areas that are potential resources in Indonesia, which is a transitional area between land and ocean. This huge resource which is supported by the presence of a coastline of about 81,000 km. Long coastline holds potential for great wealth of natural resources. The potential is among the potential biological and non biological. Potential biological example: fisheries, mangrove forests, coral reefs, seagrass beds and not left behind, while the potential non-biological example: minerals and mining, and tourism.

Seagrass beds are grouped into four groups, namely natural (pristine), prone (disturbed), conversion (Altered), and specific (emergent). Extensive seagrass beds in Indonesia is estimated at 30,000 km2. From the area of 30,000 km2 of seagrass, an estimated 10 percent had suffered damage. At present there are no rules or guidelines surrounding the management of seagrass ecosystems. In Indonesia, there were 12 species of seagrasses (of which there are 49 species worldwide) plus one species of Halophila Beccari, which is thought to exist.

Riau Islands region with the capital Tanjungpinang has its own characteristics and consists of thousands of big and small islands scattered in the South China Sea and the meeting between the South China Sea, Straits of Malacca and the Strait Karimata. Geographically, the region Tanjungpinang City is located in Bintan Island with the position is at 51 'to 59' north latitude and 23 'to 34' east longitude. Administratively, the City Tanjungpinang divided into 4 districts and 18 villages with a total area of the city is 239.50 km or 23,950 ha. Mainland wide of 131.54 km or 13,154 ha and the sea area of 107.96 km or 10,796 ha. Geological circumstances Tanjungpinang City partly hilly and sloping valley to the sea and the river has seven pieces, namely: Ladi River, River Guguss, Sipayung River, River Senggarang, Terusann River, River Papah, and Gesekk River. Riau Islands region consists of 1062 islands and not less than 345 pieces of which are uninhabited, while the rest though not inhabited, but some have been exploited for agricultural activities, especially the plantation business. The islands are largely covered by sea water. Physiographic islands affect ecosystems that form in the Riau Islands are dominated by shallow marine ecosystems. Natural ecosystems found in coastal areas of Riau Islands in succession from the ground is shallow marine waters, coral reefs, seagrass beds, sea grass, mangroves and beaches. Seagrass ecosystems is one of the lush ecosystems contained in the Riau Islands.

Seagrass is the higher plants (Angiospermae) that have adapted to live immersed in sea water. Seagrass ecosystems has a variety of benefits, namely as a place to live for a variety of other tropical marine life that seagrass beds have a total species diversity is very high and very productive, with shapes and colors are varied, but also in terms of ecological functioning of seagrass as a producer of detritus and nutrients.

Shallow waters in Riau Islands have 48 species of seaweed and five seagrass species. Marine plants which consists of a group of seagrass and seaweed almost spread all over the island group and are associated with the ecosystem of mangroves and coral reefs. The types of seagrass are found in the Riau Islands, among others: Cymodocea rotundata, C.serrulata, Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Holodule pinnifolia, H. Uninervis, Holophila ovalis, Syringodium isoetifolium and Thalassodendrum ciliatum.

Knowing how to Siput Gonggong (Strombus Canarium) Reproduction

dhewiqs@gmail.com (Dhewiqs) — Sun, 11 Sep 2011 18:33:00 +0700

Siput Gonggong (Strombus Canarium) usually release sperm and eggs into the water at night. Conception / fertilasi occurs outside the body or in the pool water. Habits spawn at night and during high tides, had something to do with security instincts, namely to avoid the threat of eggs from predators, and efforts to spread widely through the zygote tidal currents (Hickman, 1992).

All levels in the phases of the reproductive system is controlled by hormones, and elevated levels of hormones in the body is influenced by environmental factors including exposure time, water temperature and nutrients (Lasiak, 1987; Grange, 1976).

Spawning (release of egg & sperm) occurs when the conditions of abundant phytoplankton. Eggs are released into the water column and will develop into an embryo fertilized and hatch into larvae trochopore. These larvae swam into the water column using a vibrating hair (velum) or the lining of the pool (pedi-viliger). Membrane pool is growing and serves as a foot (bysus / foot) when the larvae metamorphosed and attached to the substrate.

The success of fertilized eggs to develop into embryos, hatch into larvae, and bermetamofosis into a seedling much influenced by the quality of water, availability of food (micro-algae) in the early stages (larvae).

Orchids on the verge of extinction

dhewiqs@gmail.com (Dhewiqs) — Sat, 10 Sep 2011 22:39:00 +0700

The orchid is very interesting. The shape of various colors were very varied. but at present threatened with extinction .. This beautiful orchid, especially those in the wild, many are already endangered status, and some have already become extinct.

Noted there is more than 5000 species of orchid species in nature Indonesia. That is 30 percent of the total natural orchid species in the world, equivalent to the number of species in the Amazon jungle, Brazil. Australia's territory wider than Indonesia has only 450 species of natural orchids.

Scarcity is mainly due to human activity that likes to take orchids from their original habitat or a place to live in large numbers. Of course these orchids will find it difficult to adjust to his new environment, so it can not survive much longer. In addition, because of illegal logging, forest degradation, and land conversion that made the 4500 orchid species are threatened with extinction in the open.

One type of orchid is an endangered orchid Grammatophyllum speciosum or tiger, because these types of orchids to grow into a large orchid takes 20 years at least.

So should we help the orchid is not extinct, both located inside and outside environment.

Occurrence of Natural Disasters

dhewiqs@gmail.com (Dhewiqs) — Sat, 10 Sep 2011 22:37:00 +0700

In fact the events of everyday life on earth can be studied from the source of the cause. There are two sources of causes related to the origin, namely the style of endogenous and exogenous forces. Endogenous style is a style originating from within the earth itself. For example: symptoms of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, tsunamis in the oceans, soils and rocks are cracked, split soil layer and so on.

In an effort to respond to natural phenomena in our earth scientists believe that our earth is not static, the dynamic nature of the legal line of natural balance. Each symptom the earth will always try to get new and better balance. For example: on one side of the natural disasters of earthquakes provide opportunities destruction of infrastructures of the population, there is loss of property and the sacrifice of lives for those who experience it. But the other side there will be changes in the structure and composition of the layers of the earth. The bottom layer can be lifted up and the top layer move down and so on. These symptoms in the long run it will be useful for humans.

Other symptoms in the earth's surface, such as volcanic eruptions appear in the form of appearance of thick smoke from the mound.

But behind the terrible events caused by the earthquake, perhaps there is another positive side to God's will control the universe. The other side makes people more active creative thinking and smart to be trying to overcome and avoid disaster. Through natural events that often seem sad, humans can do introspection and overcome the things that become an obstacle in life and living. Things that need to be explored further is there any possible changes in the Earth associated with the need for life and human life?

Exogenous style is a style originating from outside the earth that can change things on the earth's surface. For example: erosion due to floods, hurricanes, sedimentation, symptoms due to climate change or weather, weathering, and so on.

Natural disaster is a series of events caused by endogenous forces and exogenous forces that may occur suddenly or slowly which could result in damage to the earth. Due to endogenous forces that may cause geological disasters. The emergence of sudden weather changes that could result climatological disaster. Symptoms of collapse or death of a celestial body and fell to the earth's surface resulting in extra terrestrial natural disasters. Another thing related to the disaster caused by man-made or actions that result in natural disasters of water or wind erosion is damaging the environment. Corruption on earth is related to the changes that lead to the loss, death, environmental damage, property loss and so on.

Natural disasters can happen gradually or suddenly. Natural disasters that typically occur suddenly among other earthquakes, including tectonic, volcanic, tsunami, flash floods, tropical storms and volcanic eruptions and landslides.

How to Solve Energy Crisis?

dhewiqs@gmail.com (Dhewiqs) — Sat, 10 Sep 2011 22:35:00 +0700

The need for energy for life and human life to the fulfillment of the best. Energy support for an ecosystem must be met if the desired stable ecosystem. Without adequate energy support for the ecosystem, it can lead to inequality, competition between living beings become increasingly stringent and even can be fatal, ie, between beings with one another to destroy or undermine each other. Without the support of the energy of this ecosystem will be destroyed. Therefore, the support may take the form of energy in the ecosystem food chain and food webs. However, for the population of human beings the sense of this energy not simply food chains or food webs, but energy needs, especially the provision of energy in the form of fossil energy (petroleum, natural gas) for the purpose of life and everyday life.

The need for energy in today's era of ever increasing and must be filled with technology that sought low fees and easy to do. Energy needs for living and life on earth is increasingly rising sharply in line with the human effort to acquire ease in life and living. In addition, human population growth is not matched by the provision of land and natural resources resulting in energy issues become increasingly complex.

Increasing energy needs, especially the energy associated with fossil energy, marked by the emergence of community needs for fuel oil is increasing as well.

As a result the price of fuel is becoming increasingly expensive and difficult to obtain (kerosene, premium, diesel). Energy consumption rose sharply marked by the rapid progress of the transportation industry grows. For example, vehicle ownership by the community and the state (motorcycles, cars, trains, airplanes and so on). and other industries that require energy from fossil fuels. With the increase in fossil energy consumption is expected within the next few years will run out of fossil energy. This is what should be our common study materials.

It should be stated here also that the energy source can be a source of renewable materials (renewable) and source material that can eventually run out and can not be updated (non renewable). Examples of non-renewable energy include kerosene, diesel, natural gas, uranium. Source materials that can not be renewed when it takes a human, but can not be made by the man himself. Petroleum, natural gas, coal, uranium are all made naturally requires a very long time.
The process of formation of fossil energy takes in the order of millions of years, besides the numbers were too limited. It was here in the long run allows the amount of usage that is not balanced with the resulting production. Can be expected this kind of material is becoming more expensive and scarce, when consumption is not reduced or stopped their use.

In order to overcome this energy crisis, people need to find a replacement of fossil energy is the energy source that is easily updated. When examined more deeply, the use of fuel oil at the moment tends to shift from the need for fuel oil in households towards fuel usage for this type of transportation, whether by land, water and air. This fact can lead people to think creatively by trying to find a successor in sufficient quantity and the price is affordable. Energy needs for transportation, on the one hand people using fuel oil consumption is greatest, but on the other hand use could cause environmental pollution.

Ginger for health benefits

dhewiqs@gmail.com (Dhewiqs) — Sat, 10 Sep 2011 22:29:00 +0700

Ginger rhizome is a plant that is very popular as a spice and medicinal materials. Rhizome-shaped fingers are bulging in the middle sections. Behind it was a spicy, ginger-containing substances useful for the body. Besides being used for seasoning in various types of cooking or baking, ginger is also processed into drinks and candy.

Based on research, ginger we can widen blood vessels so that blood flows faster and smoother. Our body becomes warmer, the heart pumps blood, lighter and blood pressure declines. The result, our bodies become more fit.

Ginger does have many benefits, in addition to making our stomachs become comfortable and helps remove the wind from the body, ginger also helps the body fight colds and flu. Ginger is a natural pain reliever that can be used when experiencing pain, rheumatism, headaches, and migraine.

Utilization technology development of marine resources in Indonesia

dhewiqs@gmail.com (Dhewiqs) — Sat, 10 Sep 2011 22:21:00 +0700

The green revolution has been able to save most of the at the current world population from starvation. For the foreseeable will come we need to utilize the services of the oceans as we know it with the term blue revolution, given the almost +70% surface Earth is made up from the ocean. Therefore, the younger generation should realize that our future lies in the sea. So the revolution blue is the development of marine resources utilization technologies which can be used by humans, namely:

a. Sea
Sea water contains chemical elements, for example:

NaCl for food.
Mg for the aircraft industry, rockets, and medical equipment.
Is a source of fresh water by using technology the calculation of reverse osmosis seawater salt base (already cultivated in the United States and Israel).

b. Nodules on the seabed
These nodules form of deposition of metals such as Mn, Ni, Ca, Cu, Au, Sn and Fe.

c. Energy
This energy is heat energy from the sun (OTEC Ocean Thermal Conversion =)

d. Foodstuffs in the form of plants and animals

Source of fish and shrimp, for example, there are around the beach Sumatra to Aceh, along the Strait of Malacca, Coast Sulawesi South, the strait Malekas, about Muncar and the Bali Strait.
Crabs and sea turtles found in Ambon.
Wealth Cakalang (Tuna Fish) is most especially in Banda Sea. In fact, estimated to contain reserves largest in the Asia Pacific region. Currently research performed on green algae (Chlorella sp) who also lived in freshwater and the results are encouraging for both the new food sources.

e. Industrial materials
Assorted seaweed used for antibiotics, textiles, processing of plastics, and cosmetics.

Blue revolution intensified in Indonesia on the grounds:

Utilization of marine biological resources are primarily aimed at to meet food needs
Maintenance of plants to get new varieties has the capability of adaptation.
Increasing food production in order to meet needs of the population.
Seek to increase production by not cause changes in the conditions of the balance of nature.
To obtain seeds from the sea that can be utilized the results

From Manado Towards a Peaceful Earth

dhewiqs@gmail.com (Dhewiqs) — Wed, 17 Feb 2010 18:41:00 +0700

Doomsday is approaching. yes ... Doomsday is approaching. In fact, when the temperature heats up the earth's surface due to depletion of the ozone layer. When the polar ice caps melt. When the sea level rising. When the small islands drowning. When the land eroded exposed to abrasion. When people are unresponsive to natural phenomena. Yes ... when it was doom nearer.
Natural phenomena can not be resisted by man, but he can be minimized. But when humans do not respond to natural phenomena that continue to undermine this life, then the earth will not survive. Just wait on the game!

But, again, it all can delayed his time. Efforts to minimize the disaster has led to improvements. That is why Indonesia began to respond to saving coral reefs which are strung in the world's coral triangle. If mitigation is not inherent in the teaching of religion as worship, of the marine experts and participants WOC (World Ocean Converence) would not be willing to gather in Manado, 15 May 2009.

Six heads of state and government of the country CTI (coral triangle initiative) is incorporated in the CT-6 such as Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Papua New Guini, Solomon Islands, and Timor Leste, agreed to adopt the Region Plan of Action (RPOA). RPOA there are five main objectives of the development of seascapes (Seascape), priority in marine areas, economic-based fisheries management, establishment and effective management of marine protected areas and their networks, adaptation to climate change, and maintain the existence of rare species and seeking improvement.

Today's political support, action plans, institutional and funding, have sided in efforts to save the earth by sea. Earth is peaceful and far from the tempest and disaster is the desire of our children and our grandchildren someday.

Judgement can be delayed .... and when people increasingly explore and understand what should be done to the planet. There also the friendly people and nature starts back, in which humans treat nature with love and justice, not by greed and avarice. Yes ,.... from Manado us towards a peaceful earth ..... Keep smile.

A TREASURE OF NATURAL WEALTH

dhewiqs@gmail.com (Dhewiqs) — Wed, 15 Apr 2009 22:55:00 +0700

When I laid out the map of Riau Archipelagoes (Riau Islands), my eyes rested on the Lingga District of Lingga, situated to south of Tanjungpinang and is the center of the district government. Shaped by three large islands surrounded by some three hundred smaller islands. Lingga boats an impressive history that can be traced centuries ago. With 38,992 km2 of territorial waters, this region assumed a crucial role in geopolitics of the past, when S ultan Mahmud Riayat Shhah III relocated the center of Malay Kingdom from Riau Island. As the king aginized over the treat of a Dutch-Ied assault, along with some 200 sailboats, the Sultan fled to Lingga. Since 1800 the Sultan heldfort at Daik and erected a palace. However in 1900, Sultan Abdul Rahman II shifted the seat of the kingdom to penyengat island, now part of Tanjungpinang municipality.
Centuries have gone by. The glory of Riau Lingga Malay Sulatanate leaves only traces of the cultural legacy. Lingga merged with mainland Riau when Indonesian government was founded. In May 2004, Lingga reached anotheranother milestone. In reference to law no.31/2003, lingga officially gained the status of district level administrative area, led by a regent and separated from its principal.

Fringed by deep waters in the east as well as extensive shallow waters-thet breaks free from mainland Sumatra, Lingga is blessed with the ghushing of plenteous plankton, nutrients for the inhabitants of coral reef ecosystem. That is the reason, according to fishery statistics, why Lingga’s supreme-quality fish such as anchovies, mackerels, herrings, sardines, sharks and black pomfrets, are in high-demand for markets outside of the region including Tanjungpinang, Batam and Singapore.

With such abundance of marine resources, it is not surprising that some parts of Lingga are reputed for their prime fishing locations. Let's stopover at Pena'ah Islands and part of Senayang subdistrict. Pena'ah Island has one of the best coral reefs with crystal clear water. Even from the water surface, one can plainly see the myriad of inhabitants sheltered by reefs. During clear water and calm winds, the reefs on the ocean bed are clearly visible. Apart of Pena'ah islands there is a buaya's island, a small island situated west-north from Daik city of Lingga Island.
In proximity to Buaya Island is the Perjung Batu Belubang waters which shield a healthy bed of coral reefs. The fhishing community often manages to bring in fishes of high economic value such as pufferfish, mirror fish, horse mackerel, Spanish mackerel to be sold to local businessmaen.
So many places can be alternative to fishing in this area. The treasure of natural wealth have been found in here. Do you want to try go to this trip ?

Stem Disaster In Indonesia

dhewiqs@gmail.com (Dhewiqs) — Fri, 6 Feb 2009 11:30:00 +0700

Why should YOU care?

Geologically Indonesia was formed by a stack of three tectonic plate activity, namely: the Indian Ocean-Australian plate. Plates of Asia and the Pacific Ocean Plate. Plates are classified as active plate means the plate is always on the move and interact. Pacific Plate moves relative to the west, the Indo-Australian plate moves relative to the north and the Eurasian Plate moves relative to the Southeast.

Experts divide the earth into three main sections, namely the earth's crust (crust), mantle (blanket the earth), and the earth's core (core). The crust is divided into two, namely the ocean crust and continental crust. These three main layers are different types of constituent materials that affect the physical properties, among others, affect the speed of waves that propagate in each layer.

The crust has a thickness that varied between 10 km and 50 km (There is no mention of between 5 km and 70 km). At each location a different thickness. While the oceanic crust has a varied thickness that is thinner than the crust, which is 10-12 km (Geology and Mineralogy Soil, 1996).

In the blanket the earth there is a layer called the asthenosphere which is viscous liquid with a temperature of thousands of degrees Celsius. Earth's plates are moving over the hot liquid was so thick and always interact with each other. The speed of movement of these plates between 1 cm and 13 cm per year with specific directions for each plate.

The meeting between the plates can be subducted as the Indo-Australian plate is crashing into the Eurasian plate, or pull each other (divergence), or each slide. Regional meeting between two plates is called a subduction zone. Area adjacent to the second meeting of the plate including the earthquake-prone areas.

In Indonesia has been plotted disaster-prone areas of the catalog Destructive Earthquakes in Indonesia prepared by the Geological Agency of the Department of Energy and Mineral Resources is based on earthquake data since 3 November 1756.

Prone areas in accordance with the path of Subduction Zone in the west of the island of Sumatra, south of Java, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku and Papua. As for the islands of Borneo and the Riau Islands is relatively safe because some distance from the meeting between the plates.
In the area of subduction zones at certain times of energy will occur due to pressure buildup between the plates resulting in instability. Because the rocks in the area are no longer able to withstand the pressure, the rocks are broken while releasing energy. That energy is spread into the Earth's surface with vertical and horizontal waves that shake everything on the surface of the earth.

Events like that occur repeatedly in this country, in line with the position close to the subduction zone. Still lucky people of Kalimantan and Riau Islands, which are expressed in a safe condition. Thus we should not try to exploit natural resources excessively without in doing environmental remediation. Since the disaster comes not from nature but from our own hands.