nitin

Continuous changes in Requirements...

2011-08-03T13:00:00.002+05:30

A common problem and a major headache.
• Work with the project’s stakeholders early on to understand how requirements might change so that alternate test plans and strategies can be worked out in advance, if possible.
• It’s helpful if the application’s initial design allows for some adaptability so that later changes do not require redoing the application from scratch.
• If the code is well-commented and well-documented this makes changes easier for the developers.
• Use rapid prototyping whenever possible to help customers feel sure of their requirements and minimize changes.
• The project’s initial schedule should allow for some extra time commensurate with the possibility of changes.
• Try to move new requirements to a ‘Phase 2′ version of an application, while using the original requirements for the ‘Phase 1′ version.
• Negotiate to allow only easily-implemented new requirements into the project, while moving more difficult new requirements into future versions of the application.
• Be sure that customers and management understand the scheduling impacts, inherent risks, and costs of significant requirements changes. Then let management or the customers (not the developers or testers) decide if the changes are warranted – after all, that’s their job.
• Balance the effort put into setting up automated testing with the expected effort required to re-do them to deal with changes.
• Try to design some flexibility into automated test scripts.
• Focus initial automated testing on application aspects that are most likely to remain unchanged.
• Devote appropriate effort to risk analysis of changes to minimize regression testing needs.
• Design some flexibility into test cases (this is not easily done; the best bet might be to minimize the detail in the test cases, or set up only higher-level generic-type test plans)
• Focus less on detailed test plans and test cases and more on ad hoc testing (with an understanding of the added risk that this entails)

Software Product or Software Application does it make any difference while Testing.....

2011-08-03T12:32:00.001+05:30

Is there a difference in testing a product and testing an application, from Testing standpoint. Testing fundamentally means determining if the object under test operates in a way that meets specifications.

Software is software and its there is no difference if its a Software Product or Software Application . It doesn’t matter whether it is a simple “hello world” program, or an operating system. The fundamental process for testing is to break down the functionality into testable components with well defined behaviors, and then work your way “up” testing component interactions as a system. Knowing the target users or the “business” is used to determine if the product is actually going to solve a user’s problem or meet their need in a way that they will actually want to use it. That is Usability testing, which is very distinct from functional correctness testing.

If the designers are not sure what users will do with their “product” or not sure how they will use it, then they are most likely going to design the wrong thing, or, at best, design something that only a fraction of their target base will want. If any software does not have clear specifications, then testing is more problematic because it isn’t clear what is right and what is wrong, what is a bug and what is not a bug. But this is true of “application” designers too. So this does not clarify the distinction between an application and a product.

If the argument is that products are more complex than applications, then it is a subjective an arbitrary distinction. Who gets to say when complexity crosses the line from application to product?

Is it that products are sold, and applications are used internally? Does that make any difference from test-process point of view? It certainly has a bearing on what “quality” means (paying customers are much less forgiving of minor bugs), but it should have no bearing on how testing is approached. The software still needs to be proven to work as intended.

SQL query to find Table And column in selected Database

2011-05-19T15:53:00.000+05:30

SELECT
SysObjects.Name as Table_Name,
SysColumns.Name as Column_Name,
SysTypes.Name As DataType,
SysColumns.[length] As [Length]
FROM
SysObjects INNER JOIN SysColumns
ON SysObjects.Id = SysColumns.Id
INNER JOIN SysTypes
ON SysTypes.xtype = SysColumns.xtype
WHERE
SysObjects.[type] = 'U'
/*condtion to retrieve particular coulmn */
and SysColumns.[name] like '%Column_Name%'
ORDER BY
SysObjects.Name

Census of 2011: Himachal Pradesh

2011-04-05T18:29:00.000+05:30

Himachal Pradesh has registered 12.81 per cent growth in population during the past decade while the female sex ratio marginally improved from 968 to 974.

The state, which was bracketed with Gujarat, Punjab and Haryana for very low female sex ratio in 0-6 year age group, partially reversed the trend and recorded improved sex ratio of 906 in 2011 census against 896 in 2001.

Balbir Egta, Director Census Operation, Himachal Pradesh, who presented the 2011 census report to Governor Urmilla Singh said Himachal had done well on all indicators.

The population increased by 7,78,609 to 68,56,509 with male and female population enumerated at 34,73,892 and 33,82,617 respectively.

The literacy rate increased from 76.48 per cent in 2001 to 83.78 per cent in 2011 while the male and female literacy increased to 90.83 per cent and 76.60 per cent. There has been a marked increase in female literacy rate which was 67.42 in the last census.

Ten out of twelve districts have literacy rate of nearly 80 per cent with Hamirpur topping the chart with literacy rate of 89.01 per cent while Chamba distict had literacy rate of 73.19 per cent.

Source: http://www.economictimes.com/

Investing in mutual funds

2011-04-05T12:53:00.001+05:30

There are quite of hosts of mutual fund companies out there. So, one might tend to get a bit lost as to which fund to choose, how to invest, what is a portfolio, how often do you check it.

In an interview with CNBC-TV18, Anish Kumar, southern regional head, Canara Robeco and Hemant Rustagi, head, Wise Invest Advisor, speak about investing in mutual funds.

Here is a verbatim transcript of the exclusive interview on CNBC-TV18.

Q: One of the foremost question that comes up regarding mutual funds is that they are less riskier, but the returns, when it comes to equities, might not match up. What do you have to say to that?

Kumar: Mutual fund as an asset class is definitely less risky. It is one of the most transparent asset classes that we have today in the financial industry. Definitely when we talk about return, we should also take into account post taxation return. Based on all this, definitely mutual fund as an asset class has been less risky, well diversified. Instead of choosing from a few stocks, you have a choice, where fund manager works for you, he gets to invest and the stocks are selected after due process.

A lot of research is done, when the stocks are selected, it is a full basket. What we are going to choose, typically which all sectors or it is a general overall economy, everything is told upfront. Overall, it is less risky. But when it comes to reward, basically what we say is reward doesn’t come from the timing the market, but the time you stay invested in the market. And that is when the reward definitely comes and it is pretty rewarding.

Q: Diversification of assets, that seems to be the main reasons why mutual funds are considered safe, but what is your view point on the returns part of it?

Rustagi: Mutual funds offer you variety of funds, you have debt funds, and you have equity funds. Within debt funds, you have lot many options; within equity funds you have lot many other options. Now, 85-90% of an investment success comes from the kind of funds you choose because that is the key.

If you have invested in the debt related fund, obviously the returns are going to be comparable with traditional instruments, traditional debt instruments. If you have invested in equity funds, obviously you are going to compare it with the market. Every fund has a benchmark, which it tries to beat and it is clearly mentioned in the offer document of any fund.

Historically, if you see, I think equity funds have done quite well. There are a whole lot of equity funds in the market. There are 35-36 mutual funds, there are 100s of equity funds. Like any other industry, this industry also has funds where which have done below average, there are funds which have done average and above average. As an investor, we have had a mixed experience. But that could be because of the fund that we chose or the strategy that we adopted for investing. But I think as a category, it has done pretty well.

Q: As a financial advisor what do you look at when a client comes to you? What do you look at before you recommend a mutual fund?

Rustagi: Basically, we look at investment objective, we look at time horizon, what kind of risk an investor can take, that actually becomes a basis of deciding which fund to invest. More importantly, before you look at any fund, we need to decide what kind of asset allocation should be there.

Now, what is asset allocation? It is basically a distribution of the portfolio between different asset classes, like you have equities, you have debt, you have gold, and you have other options like real-estate and a couple of other options.

How do you decide on the asset allocation? Time horizon is very important factor here. Why it is important? Suppose you want to invest for ten years, now the bigger risk is inflation, not the capital loss. It can’t happen you invest for ten years and you lose your capital. So, there the risk is inflation, which means you have to invest in those asset classes where you can beat inflation.

Now, if you look at asset classes which can beat inflation in the long run, it is equity. In the short-term, it can be volatile, but in the long run, it has historically proved that it can beat inflation. If I am investing for two years, then the risk for me is the loss of capital, not inflation. Then my portfolio has to design in the manner where I do not take risk of loosing capital. Which is this asset class? This is debt. Within that, of course you have different options of looking at it. Based on that asset allocation, then the question of fund selection comes.

If you are an equity investor investing for the first time, you should focus on diversified fund. You should focus on funds which are pure largecap funds. Focus on index kind of funds. What is an index fund? What it does? It gives you the market return, which means if the market goes down by 10%, it is supposed to go down by 10%, if the market goes up by 10%, it is supposed to go up by 10%.

So, there are different kinds of variety of products. But before looking at products, important thing is to decide what should be the asset allocation and then look at products. Like I said criteria is very simple, go for consistent fund, fund that has done well, past performance of course is important.

Source: http://www.moneycontrol.com

Recording Window Application with the mercury sample application FLIGHT

2011-03-24T00:19:00.002+05:30

1) First of all click on Record toolbar button ( or Automation menu --> Record or press F3). when we click on Record, "Record and Run Settings" window opens up. Go to "Windows Applications" tab and choose from option "Record and run test on any open windows based application." OR "Record and run only" application Sample application Mercury FLIGHT, select any given 3 option and add default app from mention in "Application detail:" and click on ok

Dialog("Login").WinEdit("Agent Name:").Set "mercury"
Dialog("Login").WinEdit("Password:").SetSecure "4d8a3ec8728e56766bf2a431b50592d86319f5ab"
Dialog("Login").WinButton("OK").Click
Window("Flight Reservation").ActiveX("MaskEdBox").Type "050512"
Window("Flight Reservation").WinComboBox("Fly From:").Select "London"
Window("Flight Reservation").WinComboBox("Fly To:").Select "Los Angeles"
Window("Flight Reservation").WinEdit("Name:").Set "nitinlakhanpalname"
Window("Flight Reservation").WinButton("FLIGHT").Click
Window("Flight Reservation").Dialog("Flights Table").WinList("From").Select "19138 LON 08:00 AM LAX 08:45 AM AA $102.00"
Window("Flight Reservation").Dialog("Flights Table").WinButton("OK").Click
Window("Flight Reservation").WinEdit("Name:").Set "askingnameagain"
Window("Flight Reservation").WinRadioButton("First").Set
Window("Flight Reservation").WinEdit("Tickets:").SetSelection 0,1
Window("Flight Reservation").WinEdit("Tickets:").Set "6"
Window("Flight Reservation").WinButton("Insert Order").Click
Window("Flight Reservation").WinButton("Update Order").Click
Window("Flight Reservation").WinButton("FLIGHT").Click
Window("Flight Reservation").Dialog("Flights Table").WinList("From").Select "18789 LON 05:45 PM LAX 06:29 PM QF $179.47"
Window("Flight Reservation").Dialog("Flights Table").WinButton("OK").Click
Window("Flight Reservation").WinRadioButton("Business").Set
Window("Flight Reservation").WinEdit("Tickets:").Set "12"
Window("Flight Reservation").WinButton("Update Order").Click
Window("Flight Reservation").Dialog("Flight Reservations").WinButton("OK").Click
Window("Flight Reservation").WinEdit("Tickets:").Set "9"
Window("Flight Reservation").WinButton("Update Order").Click

'Stop and Run recording

weekend in shimla

2010-10-07T13:03:00.001+05:30

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Calculate your age with SQL server functions

2010-07-26T15:51:00.002+05:30

--Declare variables with datatypes--
DECLARE @birthdate datetime,
@tmpdate datetime,
@years int,
@months int,
@days int

--Set values for variables on the basis caluclation will be done--
--MM-DD-YYYY format
SET @birthdate ='02-24-1984'
SET @tmpdate = @birthdate

--calulation of years--
SELECT @years = DATEDIFF(yy, @tmpdate, GETDATE()) - CASE WHEN MONTH(@tmpdate) >= MONTH(GETDATE()) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END
--26years=(date of current day - 02/29/1984)

--@Tempdate store current date,month of current year --
SELECT @tmpdate = DATEADD(yy, @years, @tmpdate)
--2010-02-28=(year 26 + 02/29/1984)

--Calulation of months--
SELECT @months = DATEDIFF(mm, @tmpdate, GETDATE())- CASE WHEN DAY(@tmpdate) > DAY(GETDATE()) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END
--11months=(02/29/1984 - 2010-02-28)

--@Tempdate store current date,month of current year --
SELECT @tmpdate = DATEADD(mm, @months, @tmpdate)
--2011-01-28=(months 4 + 2010-10-27)

--Caluclaton of days --
SELECT @days = DATEDIFF(dd, @tmpdate,GETDATE())
--22 days=(2010-07-04 - 2010-07-26)

--Combined output with Declared variables--
SELECT @years as Years, @months as Months, @days [Days]

Useful Addon with firefox

2010-07-09T17:20:00.005+05:30

Useful Addon with firefox whichs lets you enable or disable different extensions while testing or varied reasons.

https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/1237/

Flash switcher for windows and MAC OSX

http://www.sephiroth.it/firefox/flash_switcher/

Convert web page to PDF

https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/636/

Want to know about your Firefox Profile :-
Open Firefox Browser:-
Go to Help in toolbar
Click Troubleshooting information

or Type in %APPDATA%\Mozilla\Firefox\Profiles\ in Start of Window

if you Want to Create new ,Delete or Rename existing Profile.
just type in start of window

"C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe" -ProfileManager

Here you can Crate new profile or delete or rename existing profiles. firefox lets you manage multiple profile so all the

profiles works separetly. But you have to choose manually from ( "C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe" -

ProfileManager ) open this folder from start or RUN window and choose any one from multiple profiles if you have.

Translate function in XSLT

2010-06-05T13:31:00.002+05:30

Firstly lets place all the letters of the alphabet, lower case and upper case in variables:-

<xsl:variable name="lcletters"> abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz </xsl:variable >

<xsl:variable name="ucletters"> ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ </xsl:variable>

To then convert our data to upper case we use the translate method, which replaces all the lower case characters with upper case.
<xsl:value-of select="translate($toconvert,$lcletters,$ucletters)"/>

Export/Import a Table from/to one database to/from another database

2010-06-05T13:21:00.004+05:30

Export/Import Tables record from one database to another database:

1.Open SQL client (With your database you want to move).

2.Left mouse click on database(Expand list of database) –Task-> Export/Import Data- >

3.Authenticate slected database source with your username/password.

4.Choose and authenticate database destination with your username/password

5.Select table copy or write query.

6.Select source table and views (Edit mapping for copy tables,Ignore ID column(primary_col if editing existing table) while matching tables.

7.select from options “Save and run package”

8.select Cancel or finish on Complete Wizard.

Temp Table in SQL

2010-06-05T12:58:00.003+05:30

select column_1,column_2,coulmn_n into [#temptable] from [source_table] where (condition)

SELECT emp_name,emp_add INTO #TEMPTBL FROM EMP_TBL WHERE emp_age>'35'

NOTE:-TEMP table can not be restore in database bak file .

Substring Function in MS SQL

2010-06-05T10:55:00.002+05:30

Want to get all rows of a column with substring:-

1.select SUBSTRING(,length_start,length_end) as alias_colname from [source_table]

Want to apply substring for a single row:-

2.select SUBSTRING(,starting_number,lastnumber) from [source_table]

Select SUBSTRING ('sd86787667nhk',3,10) from tbl_emp

Result :-"86787667"

Some useful MS Excel tips

2010-06-05T09:19:00.003+05:30

1.Pick a Value from one worksheet to another worksheet.e.g.,

=’worksheet_name’!$column_name$rownumber

='employee_detail'!$emp_pos$9
-----------------------------------------------------

2.
=IF('pagename'!coulmnrownumber="comparisonvalue","choice1","choice2") pick value from other page with comparison

=if(logical_test,["value_if_true"],["value_if_no"]

=IF(‘emp’!c3=9,”yes”,”no”)

if string comparison logical_test value will be double quoted.
=IF('Sheet1!$C8'="string_value","value_if_true","value_if_false")

Function use with if condition:-

=if([condition_value],[value_if_true]function_name(values),"[value_if_false]")
==IF(C7=90,SUM(B3:B5),"fail")
----------------------------------------------------------

3.Data picked from different worksheets (Calculation for sheet1 and sheet2 will be done on sheet3)but calculation on those values on separate sheet:-

=Function_name(pagename!col_row_value, pagename! col_row_value)

=SUM(Sheet1!$C6:C8,Sheet2!$B3:B5)

Tour de Shimla

2010-04-23T18:06:00.001+05:30

Click here to view these pictures larger

SQL Basics

2010-03-24T19:12:00.003+05:30

1.View procedure :

Syntax:
sp_helptext [Procedure name]

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.SQL Server's sysobjects(We can find all the tables,procedures,triggers used in our local database by using following objects)

* C: Check constraint
* D: Default constraint
* F: Foreign Key constraint
* L: Log
* P: Stored procedure
* PK: Primary Key constraint
* RF: Replication Filter stored procedure
* S: System table
* TR: Trigger
* U: User table
* UQ: Unique constraint
* V: View
* X: Extended stored procedure

-----------------------------------------

3.To view all tables in database

SELECT * FROM sysobjects WHERE xtype ='U'

-----------------------------------------

4.To find specific column in database

SELECt * FROM sysobjects WHERE id IN ( SELECT id FROM syscolumns WHERE name like '%coloum_name%' )

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

5.Update Record Query

Update
[table_name]
set [column_name] =[new_value]
where [coulumn_name] = [value]

e.g.,
update
emptbl
set empage = 45
where empid = 130

-----------------------------------------

6.Delete Record for particular row in a table

Delete
from [Table_name]
where Column =[value]

e.g.,
Delete
from emptbl
where empid =130

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

13.SQL Joins :-

a).inner join
b).outer join
c).cross join

a).Default join is inner join extract matching row only

syntax :
Select * from [table_a] [table_b] where

b).outer join extract matched and unmatched row

1)left outer, extract all rows from table a (left table ) and matched rows from table b (right table )

syntax :
Select * from [table_a] [table_b] where

2)right outer,extract all rows from table b (right table ) and matched rows from table a (left table )

syntax :
Select * from [table_a] [table_b] where

3)full outer, extract all the rows from both table

syntax :
Select * from [table_a] [table_b] where

c)Cross join ,join without having any condition and where every row of table a joins with every row of table b.

d)self join :- Join with itslef ( used to compare values in a column with other values in the same column in the same table)

E.g., SELECT DISTINCT c1.ContactName, c1.Address, c1.City, c1.Region

FROM Customers AS c1, Customers AS c2

WHERE c1.Region = c2.Region

AND c1.ContactName <> c2.ContactName

ORDER BY c1.Region, c1.ContactName

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

8.Convert datetime function used where we need to compare datetime data:-

where CAST(CONVERT(varchar, [columnname], 101) AS datetime) > 'mm/dd/yy'

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

9.Declare in SQL :-

Declare [@variablename_newtablename] Datatype [int/bigint/char/varchar],
[@variablename_newtablename] Datatype [int/bigint/char/varchar]
Set [@variablename_newtablename]
(Select Query)
(Select Query)
Select ([@variablename_newtablename] Datatype [int/bigint/char/varchar]
[operator]
[@variablename_newtablename] Datatype [int/bigint/char/varchar] )

//Example Format of procedure to extract result from different tables by declare, SET and Select

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

10.Row Function used to get rownumbers against records :-

SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY [column_name] ASC/desc) AS Rownumber
FROM [table_name]

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

11.Join on multiple tables (used to extract records from different tables by joining on matching columns)

Select a.*,B.*,c.*
from [table_a] as a
join [table_b] as b
on [a.primerykey=b.foreignkey] //on Common column in two tables
join [table_c] as c
on [b.columnname = c.columnname] // on common column of two tables
where [condition]

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sql Query to retrive Nth record

2010-02-24T14:54:00.002+05:30

SELECT max ([column name]) FROM [table_name] WHERE
[column name] IN (SELECT distinct TOP nth row_number [column name] FROM [table_name] ORDER BY [column name] desc)

Reduce memory usage for while Browser Firefox minimized:

2010-01-18T14:24:00.001+05:30

In Mozilla Firefox, type about:config in the address bar and press Enter to display the list of preferences.
To add a new preference, context-click (right-click) anywhere in the list of preferences (on page).
Select - > New -> boolean, Name it “config.trim_on_minimize” and set it to TRUE.
Restart the browser to take effect of this setting.

howz it!

2009-12-18T00:06:00.000+05:30

meaning of special charcters in URL & XML

2009-11-16T16:45:00.005+05:30

symbol-meaning-hexadecimal value
---------------------------------
+ Indicates a space (spaces cannot be used in a URL) %2B
/ Separates directories and subdirectories %2F
? Separates the actual URL and the parameters %3F
% Specifies special characters %25
# Indicates bookmarks %23
& Separator between parameters specified in the URL %26

-------------------------------------------------------------
*************************************************************
-------------------------------------------------------------

meaning of special charcters in XML
-----------------------------------
> --Begins a tag --- & gt
< --Ends a tag ---& lt
" --Quotation mark ---& quot
' --Apostrophe ---& apos
& --Ampersand ---& amp
----------------------------------------------------------------

Trip to Himachal pradesh

2009-10-26T16:52:00.000+05:30

When Life’s Not Fair

2009-10-21T12:42:00.000+05:30

It's an unfortunate fact that sometimes, life's just not fair. From accidents to breakups to misunderstandings to job losses and even death... bad things do happen to good people. So what do you do when you're faced with a situation you didn't see coming - and didn't ask for?

Maybe it's something that throws you off-course in a way you couldn't have predicted, and brings into question everything you believe? The trick to surviving life's injustices - great and small - isn't in avoiding them. Rather, it lies in how you react once they've happened! Here's a 4-step approach for dealing with those situations in which life simply isn't fair…

Step away
Sometimes in the case of an accident or incident it's worthwhile to write down what you remember immediately - for a multitude of reasons. Trying to actually get some perspective on why it happened or what you can take from it is going to take some time. That's because it's nearly impossible to see things clearly in the immediate aftermath of something negative or surprising. Our heads are too clouded by anger, hurt, sadness or shock for a reasoned, introspective reaction.

So instead of stewing on the details in an attempt to unravel what seems like an unsolvable mystery, allow yourself some breathing room. Step away from what's happened for an hour or a day or a week before attempting to take stock. You're not losing your advantage or your chance to affect the situation by giving yourself a moment or 10 - you're gathering your composure, and improving your chances of making the most of the mishap, or at least showing your best grace under pressure.

Take stock
Now that you've given yourself the chance to calm down and clear your head, you can more accurately assess what went wrong. Rather than placing blame, try to look at it from all angles. Examine what you could have done differently before or after the fact, and try to determine how you will handle disappointments, hurts and other offenses in the future - not in a spirit of guilt, but rather personal growth. Don't make it about some person or entity who "wronged" you. Make it about the behavior you encountered, and what it has to teach you about yourself.

By taking whatever lesson there is to be found in the situation, you make sure your pain wasn't wasted. Whether what you learn is profoundly connected to patterns you've allowed to exist in your relationships, or as simple as the realization that we all need to experience the lows in order to appreciate the highs, you'll want to take note of it.

Next, set forth the intention to grow from this experience by making a plan to address any areas you want to change, and decide how you intend to change them. Set goals for yourself, and ensure you will always know you've done what you could. For example, determine that you will stay calm under pressure, and take people's words at face value. Decide that you will hold up your end of the bargain, regardless of what someone else does.

Speak up
Once you've looked at the curveball that's been thrown your way, taken responsibility for any part you might have had in it, and arm yourself with a plan for combating similar instances in the future. It's important that you express your feelings about the situation. Whether you feel that what happened was unfair, unforeseeable, preventable, cruel or simply something you wish never occurred, getting your thoughts and emotions off your chest will go a long way toward helping you heal. Even if your words fall on deaf ears, you will be able to rest assured that you made yourself clear. Eventually, that will help you to move forward.

On that note, don't fall victim to the desire to change someone's mind - or their heart - by repeating yourself over and over again. Speaking your mind once, clearly, is enough to get your point across. Addressing an injustice more than that could indicate that you're trying to change the outcome rather than trying to clear the air and move on… which might keep you stuck in the same emotional space even longer.

Finally, with the lesson of the mishap learned and your feelings expressed, it's important that you let go of the negative emotions and move on. It may be a little at a time in the case of major life changes, but you can do it.

Continue to remember the plan of action you set, and take positive steps every day toward achieving the goals you've laid out. That's not to say negative situations will not arise in the future, but the more firmly grounded you are in your truths, the easier it will be to move through an unforeseen occurrence the next time around.

windows Registry

2009-10-20T14:30:00.002+05:30

Every operating system and application needs a place to store configuration settings and user preferences. As computers have become more complex, so have the methods of storing this data. The few settings needed by MS-DOS were stored in the plain text file CONFIG.SYS. DOS programs had to make their own arrangements for storing user settings.

Windows originally used INI files - text files organised in a simple format that could be read and written using special routines available to Windows programs. Windows had one configuration file, SYSTEM.INI, which was used for all the internal settings plus another, WIN.INI, for user preferences. Each application had an INI file, too, usually named after itself.

nitin home

2009-09-26T14:29:00.001+05:30

Excel’s CONCATENATE Function

2009-09-25T15:33:00.002+05:30

In Microsoft Excel, the CONCATENATE function can be used to combine information contained in multiple cells and text strings or to append new text string in existing text e.g., we want to get existing as a URL's,like we have "google" in a cell we can append it with prefix "http://www" and sufix ".com" with the help of Excel's concatenate function.

With the CONCATENATE function, we can create a formula that will merge the information from these two cells so that the full name of each individual will be contained in one cell.

Syntax of the CONCATENATE Function

The basic syntax for the CONCATENATE function is

CONCATENATE(text1, text2, …)

Or
text1 & text2 & …

If you’re using Excel 2007, you can concatenate up to 255 items. Prior versions of the software will only allow you to concatenate a total of 30 cells and text strings.

Example Using the CONCATENATE Function

Those who are using the CONCATENATE function for the first time may try to use one of the following formulas to join the information contained in cells A2 and B2.

CONCATENATE(A2, B2)

A2 & B2

However, this type of construction will cause the first and last names to be joined without a space between,

Instead, we need to specifically instruct the function to insert a space between the two fields using “ “ as an additional text string. That is, our formula would appear as one of the following.

CONCATENATE(A2, “ “, B2)

or

A2 & “ “ & B2

Now, to apply this function to the other rows in the table, you can either copy and paste the formula into all other cells in the new column, or you can use Excel’s column fill feature.

Now if You want to append or edit existing text in column for multiple rows, then we can use this function as......

1. Suppose we have date in D column from D2 to D15.

2.Enter the formula with whatever inputs we want to get results

(suppose we want to get all the rows as a URL's

e.g., prefix "http://www"
text we have "abc"
sufix that we add end of text ".com"

after concatenation it would look like as "http://www.abc.com" )

3.Write the formula to get above result

=concatenate("prefix",cellno,"suffix")
where =concatenate is function name ,
cell no where we will write function

=CONCATENATE("http://www.",D2,".com")

4.Now drag the formula cell till last row.