Pet Medicine Alberta

Title: Embracing Joy: The Art of Play with Your Feline Friend

2023-08-15T23:02:00.001-06:00

Introducing a furry friend into your life is an enriching experience that brings countless moments of laughter, companionship, and unconditional love. Among the various delightful aspects of pet ownership, one of the most rewarding is engaging in playful interactions with your cat. These moments not only create a strong bond between you and your feline companion but also provide essential mental and physical stimulation for their well-being.

The Importance of Play for Cats
Just like humans, cats need mental and physical exercise to stay healthy and happy. Playtime serves as an outlet for their natural instincts such as stalking, pouncing, and hunting. Engaging in play helps prevent obesity, boredom, and destructive behavior that might arise when a cat's energy goes untapped. It's a holistic way to nurture your cat's physical and emotional needs.

Choosing the Right Toys
Cats can be picky about their toys, so having a variety to choose from can keep their interest piqued. Feather wands, interactive puzzle toys, crinkly balls, and laser pointers are all popular choices. It's important to opt for toys that are safe and durable, as well as ones that mimic the movements of prey to fully captivate your cat's attention.

Create a Playful Environment
Designate an area in your home where playtime can take place. Cats love to explore, so make sure the space has nooks, crannies, and climbing opportunities. This could be as simple as a cardboard box maze or a multi-level cat tree. Creating an environment that mirrors their natural habitat will encourage them to engage in playful behavior.

Understanding Your Cat's Play Style
Every cat has a unique play style. Some may prefer chasing after a moving toy, while others might be more intrigued by batting at dangling objects. Observing your cat's behavior will give you insight into what they enjoy most. Cats also have individual preferences for playtime duration. Some might enjoy a short, intense burst of play, while others may prefer longer, more leisurely sessions.

Engaging in Interactive Play
Interactive play involves you actively participating in the game. Hold onto a feather wand or move a toy mouse around to mimic prey. Engaging in this type of play helps build the bond between you and your cat, as they associate you with positive experiences. It also encourages them to exercise and express their natural behaviors.

Solo Playtime
While interactive play is essential, cats also benefit from solo playtime. Puzzle toys and objects that dispense treats can stimulate their minds and encourage problem-solving. These toys are especially useful when you're not around to engage in play, providing mental stimulation and preventing boredom.

Safety First
When playing with your cat, prioritize safety. Ensure that the toys you provide don't have small parts that can be ingested. Avoid using your hands as play objects to prevent any accidental scratching or biting. Always supervise playtime, especially if you introduce new toys that your cat hasn't interacted with before.

Know When to Stop
Just like any activity, playtime should have a natural beginning and end. Cats can get overstimulated, so watch for signs of fatigue or disinterest. When your cat starts losing interest, it's a good time to wind down the play session.

Conclusion
Engaging in play with your pet cat is more than just a source of amusement – it's an avenue for building a strong and lasting connection. By understanding your cat's preferences and creating a stimulating play environment, you're contributing to their overall health and well-being. So, grab that feather wand or dangle that shiny toy – let the games begin and the joy flow! Your feline friend will thank you with affectionate purrs and playful antics that enrich both of your lives.

How to Bathe a Cat

2022-03-13T14:48:00.000-06:00

Image from twenty20.com

Cats are well known for their cleanliness and grooming. Some owners never need to give their cat a bath, but sometimes there are reasons why you may need to give your kitty a little wash maybe he is unable to groom himself due to old age or illness, maybe he was gotten skunked, or could be you want to get rid of his fleas and bathing is very important part of clearing infestation.

Cats typically hate getting wet with water, so bath time could be an impossible task. Here is a simple guide to help you bathing your cat a possible mission!

1. Choose the Right Day

First of all, choose the right day to bathe your feline best friend. Make sure you pick a warmer day. If this is not possible, warming up the bathroom a little bit would make bathing more comfortable for your cat.

2. Grab Supplies

You may need to prepare more than shampoo when it comes to bathing your cat, in fact, it’s best to come prepared with items suited to particularities of your feline friend.

Long heavy gloves – Can help protect your hands and arms from scratches.
Treats – Make sure you have a enough of kitty’s favorite treats to reward him for cooperating.

Towel – Make sure you have a large towel for drying.

Shampoo – This could be the regular cat shampoo or the medicated shampoo (if you are treating fleas.)
Pitcher or Large Tumbler (optional) - You may need this if faucet is too high or not accessible while bathing your cat.
Cat Mesh Bathing Bag (optional) - Some pet owners use this nowadays to keep kitty from moving around and scratching. You may try this and see if it works for your feline friend.

3. Prepare Your Cat

Brush your cat before bath time. And if possible, it’s always a good idea to make sure your cat’s nails are trimmed for less scratching during bath time.

Be sure that your kitty cat is calm and happy before delving into the task.

4. Ready the Bath

Cats can be bathed in a sink, bathtub, large enough basin, or even in the shower. See what ever works for your cat. My cat likes the continuous droplets of water from the shower as it keeps her warm while bathing. It also keeps her enclosed in the shower to prevent us from playing tag of war.

Complete the following tasks before introducing your cat to the water:

Fill the sink or tub few inches of lukewarm water, not hot, you don’t want kitty to be scalded.
Fill the pitcher/large tumbler with lukewarm water as well
Gather all supplies nearby
Bring your cat to the bathing area
Give your cat some treats

4. Take the Plunge

Place kitty gently in the water and follow these steps when bathing:

Wet your cat – While holding kitty in the water, pour a small amount of water on your cat’s coat and tail, but avoid the face.
Lather with shampoo – Follow the instructions on the product to determine how much shampoo to use and create a lather, OR just simply use your judgment and make a rich lather enough to wash off excess oil and dirt.
Rinse – pour more water over your kitty’s body and tail while gently doing a gentle massage and repeat this until soap suds is gone. At the same time making sure you wipe water off his cute face. You can use a damp cloth to carefully clean his face especially the chin area which tends to get more dirty as it touches food when kitty is eating.
Dry – After rinsing and kitty is all clean, squeeze excess water off your cat using your palm in one single stroke, from neck to tail, and then his legs. Grab kitty and put him in a large towel and gently wrap him and take him out of the sink, tub, or shower. Give your kitty a few more treats as you spend some time drying him off with the towel (most cats are scared of a hairdryer). If you have heater that should help kitty warm up and dry faster. Once kitty is dry, do not forget to brush him again to detangle and remove fallen fur.

Extra Tips for Other Situations:

Cats usually hate water, but if your cat super hates water and you are about to give him his first bath, you may consider getting him used to water a little bit by dipping his paws in water and reward him with a treat after. It’s always best to start or train your cat early on while he is young whether it be bathing or trimming his claws.

So your cat got sprayed by a skunk. This requires more than a simple bath. The known tomato juice concoction do not fully neutralize the odor. Try the following remedy instead:

Mix together:

1 quart of 3% hydrogen peroxide

¼ cup baking soda

1 teaspoon liquid dishwashing soap

Wear rubber gloves and avoid contact with your cat’s eyes, rub the mixture all over your cat’s fur and then thoroughly rinse, peroxide can act as a bleaching agent on fur. Dispose of the mixture immediately after use.

Signs Your Cat is Getting Old

2022-02-21T17:01:00.001-06:00

Cats start showing their age once they reach double digits, despite having "nine lives." From cat years to human years, an 11-year-old cat is in his 60s and in senior years, which means the health risks are higher, and your cat is most likely experiencing some pain due to old age.

Source: PetMD

Every cat ages differently, from mobility to mental cognition. Every cat owner wants to give their best to their dear feline friend. Taking care of a senior cat can be challenging. But with proper care and love, you can be sure these signs of aging wont impact your cat's overall happiness.

Here are some signs that your cat is getting old:

Weight Fluctuations

Losing 1-2 lbs is not necessarily concerning aspect of aging. To some cats, this could only mean slimming down from their weight of early adulthood.

Weight loss in senior cat can be attributed to different factors:

Muscle loss – Many senior cats, especially those with arthritis are prone to muscle loss. They may feel more boney to the touch. But as long as you keep providing them with a nutritious diet, this muscle loss should not cause your cat any severe issues.

Increased caloric needs – when cats enter their senior years, their body changes and some require more calories to function daily. To keep up with their body’s needs, you may need to increase their daily consumption.

Side effects of illness – some of the common problems of aging cats are diabetes, heart disease, and kidney disease. One of the side effects of these include weight loss.

Weight loss can be associated to high-risk health problems and natural aging which makes it difficult to know when to seek professional help. It is always a good reason to take your cat to the vet whenever you notice significant changes in his behavior.

On the other hand, a slowing metabolism may also be what is causing the weight gain. There are cat food specially made for senior cats which have lower calories and protein, but providing enough calories without causing excess weight gain.

Fur Problems

As cats age, you may notice some changes in their fur. Their fur will lose a bit of luster and may get a little thinner. Here are other causes of fur problems in senior cats:

Decreased grooming – most older cats are less interested in grooming. Whether it’s from physical or cognitive issues, it’s common to notice your senior cat spending a little bit less time grooming themselves. Sometimes the opposite - which is overgrooming may also indicate some health issues which is why it’s also important to know the signs of over grooming.

Dental issues – you may notice your cat’s fur is looking a bit greasy, it could be due to several dental issues that causes their saliva to be less effective at cleaning their fur. They may be taking adequate time to clean, but like mopping the floor with dirty water, it may not get the job done.

Mobility issues – discomfort may interfere with your cat’s grooming. If it’s painful for your senior cat to bend and flex, they may avoid cleaning certain areas. It can be from arthritis or osteoporosis—which are also common issues in older cats.

It’s best to consult with your vet if you notice a lack of shine in your senior cat’s coat as this could be linked to obesity and diabetes.

Less Energy and Mobility

As cats age, they usually have decreased energy and mobility. That means you may notice your cat showing these behaviors:

Increased napping
Shows less interest in toys
Avoiding the stairs or jumping

These tips may help out your elder cat with their mobility issues:

Cat stairs and ramps – A set of cat stairs leading to your bed or their condo can make it easier for a senior cat to get to the elevations they're used to without putting extra strain to their joints.

Extra comfort – consider investing in a quality cat bed and extra blankets for your aging cat. This could be what they need for a comfortable restful sleep.

Closer litter boxes – to avoid unfortunate accidents, you can make things a little easier on your senior cat by providing litter boxes on every floor of your home. That way your cat can avoid some stairs when it’s time to do their business.

Vision Change

As cats age, their senses become dull and one of these senses is vision. Unfortunately there is no plausible treatment to correct this.

Some of these vision problems are:

Cataracts – cataracts form when the transparent lens of the eyes become clouded, thus light is unable to pass through. This may cause difficulty on your aging cat in navigating. Eventually, cataracts may cause blindness, although the condition can be reversed through surgery.

Retinal detachment – common causes of this is diabetes, high blood pressure, or glaucoma. Sometimes physical trauma may also lead to retinal detachment. Retinal detachment may lead to permanent vision loss.

Blindness - some causes of blindness are feline immunodeficiency virus, feline leukemia virus, and feline infectious peritonitis virus. These can result in serious blindness on cats of any age.

Behavioral Changes

Cats are known to be moody and weird in a cute way. You most likely have an idea about your cat's "normal behaviour." Still, behavior changes are common in elderly cats, some of these are:

Aggression
Excessive sleeping
Hiding in strange places

Your Kitty's regular routine may suddenly change. They may groom themselves a little bit more than usual or take their naps in places different from their usual locations. Behavioral changes in older cats may be the result of issues such as:

Cognitive decline – like us humans, our brains age as we do. It's the same with cats. Confusion or anxiety in cats may be a result of this condition.

Underlying health issues – when cats are suffering from untreated illness they often hide or avoid human interactions. Chronic pain or kidney failure may be the reason your cat is acting differently.

If your cat’s behavior is causing them anxiety or you cannot pinpoint what is wrong, it may be good to talk to your vet to see if your cat has underlying health issues.

Digestion Problems

It becomes more difficult for cats for their body to digest proteins and fats as they age, sometimes requiring dietary change to avoid severe weight loss. Senior cats may have increased vomiting or diarrhea, which are likely the result of any of the following:

Kidney disease – kidney disease is very common in older cats. If left untreated, this can cause nausea and digestion issues. This is due to their blood is not properly filtered off waste products and phosphates.

Chronic small intestinal disease - commonly caused by chronic inflammation or even cancer. It is more difficult to be noticed by pet owners since most cats suffering from this still maintain a healthy appetite. Some symptoms of chronic small intestine disease that you may observe are frequent vomiting and weight loss.

Hyperthyroidism – overactive thyroid may cause diarrhea, vomiting, and several other serious side effects. This condition is common among senior cats and can be diagnosed through routine veterinary screenings. Once detected, it can be treated through medication, diet, or surgery.

Your cat may likely show one of these common issues as he age. Older cats can also develop incontinence too. Keep an eye on your cat’s appetite and check what you clean off their litter so you can monitor their digestive health. It is always best to treat health issues when detected early.

Kidney Disease in Cats Part 2

2020-05-17T10:30:00.001-06:00

Diet
The Protein Controversy
You may have heard that restricting protein is recommended for cats in kidney failure. Although this has been the “standard” treatment for decades, as far as cats are concerned, it has always been–and remains–very controversial. Restricted protein does not prevent kidney failure in a healthy cat. Some experts also suggest that protein has no effect on the ultimate progression of renal disease. Research also shows that even very high protein diets do not make renal failure worse in cats (although high protein does worsen the disease in dogs and humans). (One pet food maker recently completed a study it claims shows that its restricted-protein diet increases lifespan in CRF cats.
However, because the study has not yet been published, it is impossible to evaluate the data, which is contradicted by other research. The real culprit is actually phosphorus, which meat contains in large amounts. Decreasing phosphorus intake (by restricting protein) can help some cats feel better, so it may be worth a try in a symptomatic cat.
Some studies have suggested that excessive restriction of protein may actually cause further damage to the kidneys and other organs, because there is not enough protein for normal body maintenance and repair. Experts say that these diets are not appropriate until the BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) is at least double what it should be normally (about 60-80 mg/dl).
Furthermore, there is one big problem with using the protein-restricted commercial diets: many cats don't like them, and won't eat them. Obviously, it does little good to provide a special diet if the cat is going to starve to death! Experts emphasize that it is much more important to feed the cat what he likes and will eat, and maintain weight and body condition, than to be overly concerned about protein content. (Please note that if you add any other protein source to the diet, it will completely negate any possible beneficial effect from the low-phosphorus renal diet. It is useless to feed both a renal diet and a normal protein food or meat-based treats at the same time.)
Let me say this again, because it is the single most important thing to know about CRF: feed the cat anything she will eat! IF THE CAT WON'T EAT IT, IT WON'T HELP THE CAT! Weight loss is your cat's worst enemy in this disease; so let the cat eat what she wants!
Because water balance is so crucial, it is best to feed a high-moisture diet to help keep the cat hydrated; do not feed only dry food. Feeding mostly or only canned food, even though it is high in phosphorus and protein, provides the moisture and calories that these cats need, in a very palatable form that most cats will happily eat. You can also get low-phosphorus renal diets in canned form. Dry cat food causes dehydration even in healthy cats, and is not appropriate for CRF cats (unless, of course, it's the only food he will eat!).
The best thing you can do is feed a home-prepared diet; but only if the cat will eat it! If the cat has never eaten homemade food, or does not have a hearty appetite, this is not a good time to make this switch! There are several good books on home cooking for animals, such as Dr. Pitcairn's Guide to Natural Health for Dogs and Cats, by Richard Pitcairn, DVM, and Susan Pitcairn. (Rodale Press. ISBN 075962432.) They discuss why a diet made from fresh, raw foods is important, and provide recipes, including a special recipe specifically designed for animals with kidney disease. Another excellent book is Home-Prepared Dog and Cat Diets: the Healthful Alternative by Donald R. Strombeck, DVM. (Iowa State University Press. ISBN 0813821495.) If you choose to use Dr. Strombeck's recipes, I suggest substituting 1 capsule of taurine (250 mg) for the canned clams, since clams do not contain enough taurine for proper maintenance.
Special Nutrition for Chronic Renal Failure
Several nutritional supplements may be helpful for cats with kidney disease. Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to be beneficial in CRF. Antioxidants are also important. Both of these are contained in the highly digestible algae, Biosuperfood. A nutritional supplement called "Renafood" from Standard Process, is a good renal detoxifier and helps to maximize kidney function in cats. Give one or two a day. Most cats eat them readily if they are crushed into the
food. Call Standard Process at 1-800-558-8740 to find a distributor in your area. Remember, though, that the basic diet is the most important factor in your cat's health, and no supplement will make up for poor quality nutrition. For more info on feeding, choosing a good food, and switching to a better diet, see the many nutrition articles in our Library.

Supplemental Fluids
Your veterinarian can give your cat subcutaneous fluids in the clinic, or teach you how to give them at home. This is the least intrusive and most beneficial treatment you can give your cat. Cats in chronic renal failure drink a lot of water, but they cannot drink enough to compensate for the loss of water through the kidneys. Subcutaneous fluids are an excellent way to help keep the toxins flushed out of the bloodstream and make the cat feel much better. If the cat is sick or not eating, it may be necessary to hospitalize it for a few days for intravenous fluid therapy, followed by subcutaneous fluids at home as needed. A semi-permanent "port" that can be inserted in the cat's skin has taken much of the hassle out of this procedure; talk to your vet about having this installed. It is best to have this procedure done by a veterinarian who has lots of experience with these ports since there can be many complications.

Holistic Veterinary Care
While no treatment can create new kidney cells when scar tissue has already formed, homeopathy, herbs, flower essences or acupuncture may be able to help your cat feel better and live a better quality of life. Click on this link for a directory of holistic veterinary practitioners by state.

Other Resources

The Feline CRF Information Center is an incredible website devoted to cats in renal failure. You can find out just about everything there is to know about this disease here, as well as explore a host of excellent links to other feline health sites. You can also sign up for their email list, which can be a great resource and support for guardians of CRF cats.

What is the prognosis?
Once sufficient damage has been done to the kidneys to cause CRF, the compensatory changes and adaptations that occur to try to maintain normal kidney function usually eventually fail and progressive kidney damage occurs. The disease is usually therefore progressive over time and will eventually lead to the need for euthanasia. However the rate of progression of renal disease varies considerably between individuals and appropriate support and treatment can both increase the quality of life of affected cats and also potentially slow down the progression of the disease.

Pet Loss Support
Ultimately, fighting CRF is a losing battle, and may carry a great emotional cost to the family.
Losing a beloved cat to CRF is just as traumatic as losing a human family member, but friends and
family don’t always understand. There are many resources to help you through the difficult times and
tough decisions you will have to make for your cat, and to support you afterward. Many of these are
listed on the Feline CRF pet loss support page.

Kidney Disease in Cats Part 1

2020-05-16T22:29:00.000-06:00

One of the most common diseases that affect senior cats is Chronic Renal Failure (CRF), or also known as kidney disease. This condition is progressive though the advancement varies between cats. Life can be prolonged and the quality of life increased by slowing down the disease's progression through the right treatment and support.

Cats as young as 4 years of age can have this condition, although it is much common in senior cats. This disease is responsible for most of the deaths in old cats. Around 1 in 5 cats over the age of 15 years has kidney failure. CRF is thrice more common in cats than in dogs.

SIGNS OF RENAL FAILURE

Polydipsia or increased thirst is the first symptom to show in cats with kidney disease. They tend to drink a lot and urinate often (Polyuria). Blood must be drawn for testing once you notice these symptoms for there are various conditions that can cause this. The kidney's loss of ability to concentrate urine causes increase in drinking and urination in CRF. Though kidneys have a big reserve capacity, the signs of kidney disease are only seen when the kidney tissue is already 75% non-functional.

DIAGNOSING CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE

Urine Specific Gravity

Lab tests are necessary to properly diagnose CRF. Urinalysis and blood test must be taken at the same time. When the urine of the cat is not concentrated enough and has Azotemia, the cat likely has kidney disease. Azotemia means there is an increase in blood urea nitrogen or BUN and creatinine in the urine. Urine Specific Gravity or USG is the measurement of urine concentration. If a cat has USG of below 1.035 [1.030 in dogs] and is azotemic, then there is an abnormality in the kidney function. If a pet is dehydrated, his BUN and creatinine may be high. This is not uncommon in cats who eat lots of dry foods or protein-rich diet and during hot weather. A slight increase in BUN and creatinine should not cause for alarm as long as the cat's kidneys are capable of concentrating the urine.

CAUSES

Dry diet is BAD for
your cat

There is a possible link between vaccines for feline distemper and immune-mediated infammation of kidneys which may be one of the causes of CRF. Discuss all the required vaccines with your veterinarian. A cat with kidney failure should not be vaccinated. Another cause of CRF is long-term feeding of all dry foods which eventually cause stress to kidneys. Dry diets also increase the risk of cats of having FLUTD because they make urine much concentrated. Read more about this diet. Another cause of CRF is recurrent bladder disease.

TREATMENT

There is no cure for kidney failure. It is progressive and there is no treatment that could reverse it. Kidney cells are replaced with scar tissue. In advanced cases, the kidneys become small and lumpy with very limited amount of functional tissue. Anemia and built up blood toxins are the most suggestive problems caused by the loss of its function. These result to loss of appetite, vomiting, lethargy, weakness, and weight loss among others.

Some cats maintain their weight and for months to years they live comfortable lives, while others give in quickly to the disease. There are medications available for anemia and phosphate binders to hinder phosphorus precipitates from damaging the kidneys further. However, this may cause adverse reactions. It is imperative that the cat is on a restricted protein and low phosphorus diet, otherwise medications is of no value. Potassium supplement in food may also be necessary.

The Benefits of Raw Food for Cats

2020-05-06T13:42:00.010-06:00

You've probably heard about the raw diet for cats. Its growth in popularity isn't without a reason. If you're curious to try it for your furry friend, read on! I'm going to share the important benefits of feeding your beloved pets a raw diet as well as tips on how to transition your pet from regular pet food.

Photo by Inge Wallumrød from Pexels

Beautiful and glossy coat

After a week of feeding my cats a raw diet, I started to notice their coat become not just beautiful but also glossy and no pet dander.

Less poop volume and way lesser stinky poop

I used to scoop the litter box(es) 2-3 times a day because of the amount of poop and how stinky it can get that quickly envelops the room. Now, I scoop once a day and my house doesn't smell of cat poop.

Better digestion

Given that I always feed my cats raw food in clean bowls, I find that they're not as gassy and no incidence of diarrhea(so far) compared to when I was still feeding them the usual carbohydrates-ladened kibble. Take note, carbohydrates are not optimal for cats because they're carnivores by nature!

Energy and normal weight

I previously had cats that were fed with regular cat food(these were even good brands that you can only get in pet stores) and they were overweight no matter how much play and exercise I gave them.

Back then, I didn't know that carbohydrates were the culprit. The biggest offender was corn! My cats now are both in normal weight and pretty energetic.

Better dental health

My cats don't have bad breath and they have very minimal to no dental plaque. That's because of the absence of carbohydrates in the raw diet and that the raw meat actually helps keep their teeth clean.

Where can you get raw food?

Basically, you can make your own or get from reputable brands like Big Country Raw or Iron Will Raw Pet Food.

Making your own is obviously cheaper and you can customize it to your cats' preference. The downside is the potential of contamination. This is eliminated from commercially prepared raw food but on a pricier side.

How long does it take to transition your cats to a raw diet?

It depends. My one young adult cat took about 9 days to transition(with my endless patience and perseverance) while my then, 3-month-old kitten, transitioned right away! I heard that some cats take a year to transition.

Here are some tips to help you transition your cats to a raw diet:

Mix a little raw food with the canned food.
Sprinkle bribe food on top of the raw food – water from water-packed tuna or crushed dehydrated cat treats like freeze-dried chicken liver.
Try feeding your cats when they're hungry

Have you successfully transitioned your cats to raw food? Let me know if you have other ideas to share.

A Cat's Life

2019-06-16T20:06:00.000-06:00

Cats are strange creatures sometimes... Like this cat who stares at his favorite cat plant for at least 30 minutes.

Little Known Dog Breeds

2015-05-17T12:15:00.000-06:00

We are familiar with such dog breeds as the poodle and Labrador retriever. There are other breeds less known, especially in this country. Below, I have given a short description of several of these less-known dog breeds.

Affenpinscher -- This is the smallest dog in the breed which also presented us the schnauzers. The affenpinscher is thought to be the most suitable for a family pet as it is very intelligent, easy to train of a good demeanor. They have a dark fur and have always shown affection to human beings.

Anatolian Shepherd -- This dog breed is of a medium size and has proved to be very courageous. This breed is very powerful and loyal and it is used for military and hunting purposes.

The basenji --These are medium sized muscular dogs and are also named the African Barkless Dogs. These dogs are able to bark, they just choose not to. Their biggest skill is hunting.

The Bouvier des Flandres -- This dog is similar to the terrier one . Their fur is generally dark and they have proven to be very calm. At the beginning they were bred as herders in France but nowadays they are used for police and military purposes, as well as guidance for blind persons.

Asian Ovtcharka --The Central Asian Ovtcharka are large and muscular dogs. They appear to be very loyal and fearless dogs with strong protective instincts which makes them perfect as watchdogs.

The Polish Owczarek Nizinny -- This dog is of medium size and has long fur which covers its eyes. These are devilish dogs that are known for creating chaos when left alone.

The next time you are looking to add a new dog to your household, why not take a look at one of these?

Human Food Could Kill Your Dog

2015-05-10T11:51:00.000-06:00

The most innocent looking item could kill your dog.

Let’s face it—dogs are not known for being fussy eaters. Some dogs will eat anything and everything they can get into their mouth. This isn’t a big problem with many human foods, but there are a few that could be potentially fatal to your dog.

We are all aware that many dogs cannot eat chocolate. While a tiny bite here and there may not hurt most dogs, it could kill others. Dark chocolate and baking chocolate are especially hazardous.

Onions are another no-no for your dog. There are chemicals in onions that turn to poison within the dog’s digestive system. This is true of some strains of mushrooms as well. Rather than take the chance, it is important to keep both these substances out of your dog’s reach. Garlic is another culprit. The toxic effect of this spice is quick.

Any kind of seed could cause problems in your dog. While most will only cause discomfort and possible vomiting, seeds such as apple seeds can be fatal. If you have a dog that likes to investigate the garbage, it is important to make sure he can’t get to these.

Chicken bones are another hazard to dogs, as are those of turkey and duck. These bones tend to shatter and the sharp pieces can poke a hole in your dog’s stomach or intestine.

Dogs are known for eating many things a human stomach cannot handle. This, however, does not mean they can eat all a human can. To be safe, make sure foods are not left where your dog can discover them. The most innocent looking item could be the one that kills your dog. A few minutes of caution can save a lifetime of sadness should you lose your dog.

Doggie Sit-Ups

2015-05-03T11:40:00.000-06:00

Ideal play or training sessions with your dog end with the dog feeling both tired and successful. One method that accomplishes creating a sense of accomplishment in both you and your dog, as well as enforcing obedience, is doing a session or two of doggie sit-ups. It helps to have a lot of small treats on hand for these. At first, you may have to give a tiny bite after each part of the exercise. Eventually, your goal will be to complete the entire set before a treat is given.

Start by having your dog sit. Once sitting, have him lay, then sit again and finally stand. This is one sit-up. The ideal session will be to have your dog repeat this sequence of moves a total of ten times, but at first you may only be able to get him to cooperate for one or two. That is fine. Every few days add an additional turn before he gets his treat until he is doing the full ten.

This exercise reinforces the basic commands of sit, down and stay. If your dog has yet to learn these commands, you will have to work on them at the same time. This allows you to accomplish two things at the same time. Keep in mind, however, that trying to learn a new command is tiring in itself. Adjust the number of sit-ups accordingly or you are bound to have a very frustrated dog.

Dogs love to feel they have made their people happy. Allowing your dog to combine some of the simplest commands into your play session will make him feel he has accomplished this task and he will be all the more eager to do whatever else you have in store for him during this time.

Does Your Cat Have an Allergy?

2015-04-26T11:03:00.000-06:00

When a cat is allergic to something, common indications will be itchy skin, coughing and/or sneezing, or vomiting or diarrhea in the case of a digestive allergy. Allergies to fleas, foods, things inhaled, or something they have come in contact with are the most likely allergies in cats.

Contact allergies generally result in a fairly localized reaction on the skin. The cat may scratch a lot or there may be an indication of irritation at the place of contact. Most common causes of contact allergies in cats would obviously be items with which they come in close contact such as flea collars, bedding, toys, etc. The simplest cure is to remove the contact.

Flea allergies are very common in cats. A normal cat may simply bite or scratch for a while and then go on to other things, but a cat with a flea allergy may scratch, chew, and worry at the spot until large amounts of fur are lost.

Inhalant types of allergies are probably the most common in cats. Your cat can be allergic to the exact same allergens that you are. Tree pollens, grass pollens, and weed pollens along with the rest of the items we humans fear; mold, mildew, dust mites, and dust itself can all trigger allergic reactions in cats.

As in humans, true food allergies in cats can be extremely difficult to pinpoint. One reason is that they commonly demonstrate many of the symptoms of distress seen in the other groups. True food allergies in cats can cause itching and/or respiratory problems. Most food allergies will center around the type of protein common in the cat's diet, such as beef, pork, poultry, or lamb. Simply eliminating that type of protein by changing to another type of food will usually take care of the problem.

Disorders Your Dog May Inherit

2015-04-19T10:54:00.000-06:00

A vital part of good prevention is to know the common types of illnesses and disorders associated with particular dog breeds. For dogs, the parts of their body that are most frequently affected by congenital problems are the central nervous system, the eyes, the muscles, and the bones. For instance, the Beagle, Collie, miniature Poodle, German Shepherd, and Keeshond are more likely to inherit epilepsy.

Different types of nervous system disorders are often passed on within certain breeds. Examples are paralysis of the front and back legs, which is common in the Irish Setter, a failure of muscle coordination common in Fox Terrier, and abnormal swelling of the brain is common in the Chihuahua, English Bulldog, and Cocker Spaniel.

A great number of common breeds suffer from congenital eye abnormalities including glaucoma, cataracts, and blindness.

Breeds such as Basenji, Basset Hound, Pekingese, Lhasa Apso, and Cairn Terrier have a high risk for inguinal hernias (gut protrudes into the groin). Umbilical hernias (gut protrudes through the navel) are inherited defects in breeds like Bull Terrier, Cocker Spaniel, Pekingese, Basenji, Collie, Weimaraner, Airedale Terrier, and Pointer.

In order to keep health problems in your dog from getting serious, you need to detect them early. Therefore, it is necessary to give your dog a basic check-up about once a week. This check-up takes no more than a few minutes, and it can help prevent problems as well as expenses down the road.

Start with a body rub. This makes your pet comfortable. While giving him his rub, check for any signs of flaking or scabs which can be a sign of parasites, a skin disorder, or allergies.

Also check for any lumps and bumps. Although they are a normal part of aging in dogs, they can also be a symptom that there is something wrong. Check for any swelling that could indicate parasites, heart trouble, or cancer.

His breathing should be smooth and quiet, unless he is panting. If his breathing is raspy or rattling, he could have a respiratory problem.

Your dog's heartbeat should be regular and strong. To check for his pulse, place your hand against his chest by his left elbow. Count the number of beats in 15 seconds and multiply it by four. The rate should range between 60 and 160.

Lastly, examine his ears, eyes, and mouth and check for any signs of abnormalities.

Asthma In cats

2015-04-12T10:25:00.000-06:00

Poor kitty cat has asthma.

Asthma is not only a human disorder, but is also found in some cats. You should have your cat checked by a vet if you suspect this disorder. Leaving feline asthma untreated can result in permanent damage to your cats lungs and heart.

Feline asthma is an immune-mediated disease characterized by symptoms ranging from infrequent, hairball-like coughing, to sudden onsets of respiratory distress (which veterinarians call "acute dyspnea").

Episodes are usually triggered by an allergen or stress, and can be accompanied or followed by vomiting, sneezing, or even wheezing like a human allergy sufferer. Respiratory signs may be slow and deliberate (more abdominal breathing), to fast and labored.

True asthma, as opposed to bronchitis, normally responds quickly to a combination of bronchodilators, oxygen therapy, and fast acting steroids. Diagnosis is usually confirmed with an x-ray, and possibly a slide cytology of the airway.

Because asthma can mimic other feline diseases (bronchitis, heart disease, pneumonia), a veterinary diagnosis assisted by an x-ray is essential. In many ways, feline asthma is very similar to human asthma, although our understanding of the causes of clinical feline asthma has been growing in recent years.

Long-term treatment of asthma usually includes short or long- term use of corticosteroids (such as prednisone), and bronchodilators (such as terbutaline or aminophyline). While severe "episodes" of dyspnea can occur, the long- term prognosis for this disease is generally excellent. If diagnosed early, any structural changes to the lungs and airway are usually reversible, and damage can be minimized.

Recent investigation into alternative treatments for asthma include injectable steroids (for that patient that simply can't be pilled), Cyproheptadine (formally used as an appetite stimulant), Cyclosporin A (limited to severe cases), and Anti-Interleukin-5 Antibody (still experimental).

Removing allergens from the environment (use of an air purifier, dust free and unscented litter, no odor controlling sprays, etc.) could possibly help to relieve symptoms.

Pet Socialization

2015-04-05T10:19:00.000-06:00

Socializing your pet to accept new dogs into the household is not always an easy task. The dog usually has its own ideas of its territory and home and is generally not a generous creature when it come to sharing but would much rather chase the intruders away. We have to reprogram the dogs thinking to make it understand that chasing the cat or iguana or whatever other pet you may have, is not acceptable.

To start, make certain that the new animal will be safe. Place the new pet in a pet carrier or some other sturdy structure that prohibits the dog from actually physically contacting the animal but still allows for both dogs to see, smell and hear each other. This provides a way for both dogs to acclimate to each other in a safe, though possibly a bit stressful, situation. In later steps, gloves might be advisable to avoid scratches from a nervous pet.

After the dogs have both calmed a bit give them each a small reward, such as a morsel of some favorite food. Be sure to give the dog lots of verbal praise and affection when it is not barking or trying to get to the new animal as this will show the dog that you are accepting of the new pet's presence and you expect him to be also.

One last point to keep in mind is that just like humans, not everyone is going to get along. There will be days where the dog and the cat are going to feud or the iguana will get cantankerous and slap the dog with his tail for the fun of it. Some dogs were just never meant to live in harmony but with a lot of patience and a little direction you can make your household fairly peaceable most of the time.

Dogs and Cats Compared

2015-03-29T10:13:00.000-06:00

Dog is essentially a servant. His feelings toward his master are comradely and his manner familiar; he enjoys the master's affection and regard. He will go to any length to please and protect his people. He can be taught any manner of service tasks and will go about them with enthusiasm. His aim is to please.

The cat is different. She serves no one, knowingly or willingly. Her one accomplishment -- the hunting of mice, rats and other rodents -- is self-taught. The man does not live who can claim to have trained a cat to perform a task for human benefit. There are no police cats, no watch cats, no sled cats. The cat does not even come when she's called, unless it suits her.

Dogs are dependent upon humans. They seek humans for companionship, play and care. They enjoy the role of being part of the “pack” and will go to great lengths to keep that position.

Cats are also quite self-sufficient. You never have to entertain them. This is not to say that they cannot be entertained or that they themselves are not entertaining. It is just that their errands are many and their schedules full. Cats prefer going it alone, depending upon their own wit to survive.

Whether you choose to share your home with a dog or a cat depends a great deal upon your own personality. If you seek to be in charge, you will come to blows with cat every time. She cannot be controlled. If companionship and undying loyalty are what you seek, a dog will fill the position willingly.

There are homes and people for both dog and cat—examine what you expect carefully and choose accordingly. Your home will be blessed with the presence of either.

Disabilities in Dog Owners

2015-03-22T09:47:00.000-06:00

Just because you are dealing with a disability does not mean you can’t have a dog in your life. Studies indicate doing so will benefit you and the dog. There are some things you can do to make the experience easier.

If you need help giving your dog medicine, fluids, or shots, ask your veterinarian if he or she knows of anyone who will make home visits. If not, contact local pet-sitters to find ones who will assist you. Many pet-sitters are trained to perform these functions for the sick pet for owners who cannot perform them for themselves or for owners when they are away.

To play with your dog, use flashlights or laser pointers. Dogs love chasing the light, and you won't have to make a move. An alternative is a remote control car for him to chase. He gets exercise and you do not get over-exhausted.

If you have difficulty performing basic functions for yourself, investigate the use of a service or assistance dog. Assistance dogs are trained to help people with physical limitations perform their everyday functions. Assistance dogs are accepted in public places just as guide dogs and hearing dogs are.

Divide large bags of food into smaller containers to help with lifting and filling dishes. If you get large dishes, you will spend less time and energy filling them. There are dog food stands that raise the bowls above floor so you won’t have to bend as much when you fill them.

Walking a dog when you are disabled can be difficult. Consider hiring a neighborhood teen to do this or have a pet sitter come in and walk your dog each day. Fenced-in yards are another alternative to consider.

Having a disability doesn’t mean you can’t enjoy the companionship of a dog. It takes just a little adjusting for you both to be happy.

How to Deal With Separation Anxiety

2015-03-15T21:12:00.000-06:00

Many dogs are put to sleep by owners who can no longer figure out what to do with a dog that barks or howls constantly when they are gone, destroys things in their absence and basically makes a nuisance of himself. These people do not understand that the dog is not being disobedient—he is most likely suffering from separation anxiety.

Dogs are pack animals. As his family, you are his pack. When you leave him alone, he feels lost and scared. Often loud noises will frighten him. His howling and destructiveness are the only way he has of showing his displeasure. You can help him get through this with patience.

Try to find a room where he feels comfortable—one that isn’t close to a street or other traffic. If possible, buying a crate made specifically for the size of your dog will help him feel more comfortable. Placing a loved toy and an item of clothing that smells like you inside with him will increase that comfort.

Start by leaving him only a few minutes at a time. He needs to be confident that you will return. You can gradually extend the amount of time as he becomes more comfortable. Praise him greatly for every time he waits quietly. If all else fails, talk with your vet and see if he can prescribe some type of anti-anxiety medication to give your dog when you need to be away.

Your dog can’t help his anxiety. You are his safety and he feels lost without you. Give him time and patience and he will eventually learn to tolerate your absence. There is no reason to have a healthy animal put down because he loves you so much he misses you when you are gone. Work with him. You and he will both benefit from this.

Helping Your Cat Survive Your Move

2015-03-08T21:05:00.000-06:00

Moving into a new home is stressful for most of us. Humans understand the reasoning, but cats don’t. Changing your cat’s environment will need to be done gently and with patience.

It is normal for a cat to hide for a few days when moving into a new place. He is nervous and unsure of where he can go and what is going on. He may be worried that you will leave him alone and not return. Some cats will act out aggressively at this point, showing their displeasure in hissing and biting. Be patient, he will adjust.

It can help if you confine your cat to only one room when you first move. Make sure he has food and water and his litter box. Provide him with his usual sleeping blanket and some familiar toys. All these will give him comfort and make the new environment more familiar.

Having more than one cat at a time like this is ideal. They will stick together and find comfort. You may find two cats who, until now, were barely tolerant of each other will become friendly and form a lasting bond. Going through a confusing situation together will cement that bonding.

Make sure you give your cat extra attention during this time. He will sense your mood and the stress you feel at moving may increase his. Try to stay calm when interacting with him. If possible, make the room he is confined to the bedroom. This way, he will have you available at night.

In time, your cat will be back to ruling his domain. All it takes is a little time and a lot of patience. Following the above steps may make each of you deal with a move more effectively.

Why Your Dog Barks

2015-03-01T20:47:00.000-06:00

Dogs bark because we humans want our dogs to bark. For years our domestication process and selective breeding has allowed our dogs to develop their barking abilities. Wolves don't bark. Barking was further developed in dogs in order to scare intruders or to help the master out (i.e. on farms to assist in gathering the sheep).

Most dogs simply bark to communicate, to get attention, or simply to show their excitement. Training and lifestyle are important factors in teaching the dog how to communicate with its master. If you reward your dog for barking, he will continue to do so. The best thing is to figure out what your dog is trying to tell you and go from there.

If you have a dog that barks excessively, try to figure out what he is trying to tell you. If it is out of need for attention, the way to break the cycle is to wait for him to be quiet and then give him the attention he needs. By acknowledging the barking, you reinforce it. Waiting until he quiets will teach him that he gets attention when he is not barking.

Some dogs are extremely territorial. They will bark at not only a person approaching, but someone they see walking across the street or on the next block. The best way to stop this is to distract him when he starts to bark. Catch his attention with a treat or by playing. Every time the bark cycle is broken, it sends the message that quiet will get the most reward.

Taking the time to discover what your dog is communicating will result in less stress for both you and him. He will get much needed attention and you will get quiet. It’s a situation you both win.

Win Over a Nervous Cat

2015-02-22T13:29:00.000-06:00

When you first got your cat, you probably envisioned a cuddly little ball of fur that was ready and willing to accept affection whenever you chose to give it. There are some cats who are, however, very shy by nature. These ones will hide and act scared of you if you look at them. Below are a couple suggestions to help.

It is usual for a cat to be cautious and timid for the first week or so in its new home. The more contact a cat has had with humans, the less timid it will be. Give your cat a little space and don’t force the issue. It is very likely he will approach you once he becomes sure of his new surroundings.

One way to gradually get a nervous cat used to petting is to gently wrap your pet in a thick towel, to prevent it from scratching you, and gently stroke its head. Talk to your cat softly as you do so. Set aside a time each day to perform this bonding ritual and your shy cat may grow to trust you enough to stroke it without the towel, remember patience pays.

Bribery can often work wonders with nervous cats. Try a offering a tempting healthy treat, if your cat is hungry enough to overcome its fear and stay still to eat its treat, stroke it gently, don't make sudden movements! You may have to persevere, but often your pet will eventually accept and enjoy your petting.

Never lose patience, and remember that your nervous cat is not rejecting you, it is just an in built protective reaction to something that has given kitty cause to be wary of humans. Love and perseverance will often win the day, and you will be rewarded by your cat's affection.

Why Your Cat Won’t Use His Litter box

2015-02-15T13:23:00.000-06:00

The biggest complaint of cat owners is due to having a cat that suddenly decides he doesn’t want to eliminate in his litter box. Besides the smell, there is the added cost of ruined rugs and the embarrassment when visitors stop by. Cats are, however, naturally clean animals and you will need to do some investigating to see what is going on that may have changed this habit.

The first reason cats stop using their litter box is cleanliness. How often do you clean the box? While one cat may tolerate once a day, others may insist the box be cleaned each time they use it. In the latter case, it might help if you can invest in a self-cleaning litter box. If cost is an issue, then try cleaning the box more often and see if this helps.

Have you recently changed litter brands? Most cats prefer the brand they are used to. This doesn’t have to be the most expensive; some actually prefer the cheaper brands. If you find a litter that seems to make your cat happy, stick with it.

A more important reason a cat may stop using his litter box is illness. A visit to the vet to have your cat checked for possible urinary track infection could be in order. A cat with this infection may feel pain upon elimination and associate that pain with the litter box.

Keeping in mind that most cats will not stop using a litter box once trained should make it easier for you to understand. Find the cause by eliminating things one by one. Both you and your cat will be happier for the effort. He stays out of trouble and you benefit by a cleaner-smelling house and nice carpet.

Keeping Your Dog Safe On the Road

2015-02-08T13:19:00.000-06:00

Car rides are the favorite of many dogs. There are some precautions you can take to make sure this activity will be enjoyable for both of you for years to come.

If you have any type of car with a trunk open to the inside of the car or with some other vehicles, you can have your dog ride in the back separated from you by a gate or a net. If you have a regular car, there are special dog seat belts and other types of restraints available. You don’t want your dog flying forward if you must stop quickly. You also don’t want him trying to climb into the front and distracting you.

Dog owners who drive a pickup truck should not let dogs ride free in the pickup bed. This can create a dangerous situation for the dog and other drivers if your dog falls out or decides to jump out. Dogs that ride without restraints in the pickup bed may go flying if you stop short and suddenly. Tying the dog in the bed is not a good idea either as the dog may still jump or fall out and wind up being choked or dragged along the road The best and safest solution is to have your dog ride in the cab of the truck with you. .

Never leave your dog in the car with the windows completely up—especially in summer. The interior of a car can heat up quickly, reaching temperatures in excess of 120 degrees in a very short time. This could cause heat exhaustion and even death in your dog. If you are going to have to leave the vehicle and can’t take your dog with you, it is best to leave him at home for this trip. It is better to have him disappointed today than not around tomorrow.

Teaching An Abused Dog to Trust

2015-02-08T13:07:00.000-06:00

Often you will come across a dog that has been abused at one point in his life. These dogs are difficult to deal with as the normal things we do causes them anxiety and fear. You can, however, increase your chances of teaching an abused dog to trust with a few simple changes in approach and a lot of patience.

When interacting with this dog, bend down to appear less threatening. When talking to him, keep your voice low and cheerful. A loud or frustrated tone will cause him to fear. Call him to you; don’t approach him. If he makes an effort to obey, praise him. Don’t wait for him to obey completely. Remember, he may be used to getting hit when he approaches someone.

When you do get to pet this dog, avoid his head. Keep your hand palm up as it approaches him and gently rub under his chin or on his chest. Rubbing either spot tends to calm a dog. If he moves to step backward, let him retreat. In time, he will stay longer.

When a dog is nervous or scared, he will often wet the floor involuntarily. If this should happen, it is important not to allow your frustration to show. It is not a deliberate attempt at disobeying and will likely disappear as he gains trust in you.

Keep any sessions short, with just a few minutes of actual touch each time. You can gradually increase the time as his trust grows. Often, just sitting quietly and waiting for him to approach you will make him feel comfortable. If your initial attempts fail, try this.

A once-abused dog can be as trusting and loving as any other. All it takes is patience on the part of those in his life. A crouching position, low voice and appropriate touch will win him over eventually.

Traveling With Your Pet

2015-02-01T13:04:00.000-06:00

Traveling with your pet can be hassle-free with a little bit of planning. Below are some tips to help you with this.

If your pet is on medication, bring plenty of it so you’re not running out of medication when it’s needed. It would also be a good idea to have your veterinarian contact information in case you loose the medication, so the vet can call in a prescription should the other get lost.

Find out ahead of time that the hotel you make reservations at will accept pets. You don’t want to assume that there is a pet friendly hotel in a town you intend to stay in and when you get there, you’re turned away for having a pet or the one’s that allow the pets are all booked up.

Make sure your pet wears a collar with tags. One tag should be a current rabies tag and the other tag should have the dogs name, your name, address, town, state, and phone numbers. If you have a cell phone, add your cell phone number to the ID tag. It wouldn’t hurt to get a microchip implanted either. This is a much more reliable source of identification.

Bring along your pet’s food dishes, bed or pillow and a couple of its favorite toys. Having familiar items along for the trip can help ease the stress of traveling and make the trip more enjoyable for both you and your animal companion.

Stop frequently for exercise breaks. A well-exercised animal will sleep and not be all over the place in a vehicle. Most highway rest stops have places to walk your dog or cat. Follow the guidelines and make sure to clean up after your pet. Common courtesy will insure the facilities will welcome pets in the future.

Caring For Your Older Dog

2015-01-25T18:27:00.000-06:00

10 year old Shih Tzu, Carla

Once your dog becomes older it is time to take some preventative steps in order for them remain healthy, happy and active. Have your vet examine your pet annually or more often, if necessary.

As in humans, keep your dogs weight within the proper or optimum range. An overweight dog has far more health problems such as joint problems, arthritis, diabetes and liver or kidney malfunctions. Cut down on the amount of treats given to your pet. It is hard to resist their soulful eyes but always remember that it is for their own good. You do not want to kill your pet by thinking you are being kind to them. Feed your pet once a day or smaller amounts twice a day but remove the food if there is any left. If you have children, explain to them why they should not sneak food to the family pet.

As with dogs of any age, make sure there is always fresh, cool water available. Some older dogs have problems getting to the water bowl so either take the water to them or place bowls of water in several different places so they do not have to go far for a drink.

If possible take your dog for a short walk daily. This helps the dog's blood circulation and provides some new sights and smells to stimulate them and it gives you quality time to spend with your pet. He may be older but still curious.

You may need to switch from dry food to a moist or canned food as your dog ages. His teeth may not be able to handle the hardness of dry kibbles. Looking after your older dog and taking him to the vet regularly helps keep your dog healthy and happy longer.