Coding Solution

Hide email address in PHP with asterisk (*)

2015-06-24T11:59:00.004+05:30

PHP code shows how to replace email address with asterisk(*). The script used for partially hide email address with asterisk (*).

<?php

/**
 * Hide email address with asterisk(*) 
 *
 * @param    $email
 * @reeturn  $email with asterisk(*) // t***********l@g*****l.com 
 *
 */
function hideEmail($email)
{
 $mail_segments = explode("@", $email);
    $mail_segments[0] = substr($mail_segments[0], 0, 1) . str_repeat("*", strlen($mail_segments[0]) - 2) . substr($mail_segments[0], -1);
    $pos = strpos($mail_segments[1], '.');
    $mail_segments[1] = substr($mail_segments[1], 0, 1) . str_repeat("*", strlen($mail_segments[1]) - $pos+1) . substr($mail_segments[1], $pos-1);
 return implode("@", $mail_segments);
}

/** call function and display result **/
echo hideEmail("testingdhaval@gmail.com");
?>

jQuery interview questions and answers

2013-10-19T14:24:00.000+05:30



Questions 1: When Jquery founded and by whome?
Answers 1: It was released in January 2006 at BarCamp NYC by John Resig
(Jquery founder).


Questions 2: What is jQuery?
Answers 2: jQuery is fast, lightweight and feature-rich client side JavaScript 
Library/Framework which helps in to traverse HTML DOM, make animations, 
add Ajax interaction, manipulate the page content, change the style and provide 
cool UI effect. It is one of the most popular client side library and as per 
a survey it runs on every second website.


Questions 3: Why do we use jQuery?
Answers 3: 
Easy to use and learn.
Easily expandable.
Cross-browser support (IE 6.0+, FF 1.5+, Safari 2.0+, Opera 9.0+)
Easy to use for DOM manipulation and traversal.
Large pool of built in methods.
AJAX Capabilities.
Methods for changing or applying CSS, creating animations.
Event detection and handling.
Tons of plug-ins for all kind of needs.


Questions 4: How JavaScript and jQuery are different?
Answer 4: JavaScript is a language While jQuery is a library built in the 
JavaScript language that helps to use the JavaScript language.


Questions 5: Is jQuery replacement of Java Script?
Answer 5: No. jQuery is not a replacement of JavaScript. 
jQuery is a different library which is written on top of JavaScript. 
jQuery is a lightweight JavaScript library that emphasizes interaction between 
JavaScript and HTML.


Questions 6: Is jQuery a library for client scripting or server scripting?
Answers 6: Client side scripting.


Questions 7: What is the basic need to start with jQuery? 
Answers 7: To start with jQuery, one need to make reference of it's library.
The latest version of jQuery can be downloaded from 
jQuery.com.


Questions 8: Which is the starting point of code execution in jQuery? 
Answers 8: The starting point of jQuery code execution is 
$(document).ready() function which is executed when DOM is loaded.


Questions 9: What does dollar sign ($) means in jQuery? 
Answers 9: Dollar Sign is nothing but it's an alias for JQuery. 
Take a look at below jQuery code.
$(document).ready(function(){
});

jQuery(document).ready(function(){
});

Over here $ sign can be replaced with "jQuery" keyword. 


Questions 10: Can we have multiple document.ready() function 
on the same page? 
Answers 10: YES. We can have any number of document.ready() 
function on the same page.

Questions 11: Can we use our own specific character in the place 
of $ sign in jQuery?
Answers 11: YES. It is possible using jQuery.noConflict().


Questions 12: What is jQuery.noConflict?
Answers 12: As other client side libraries like MooTools, Prototype can be used 
with jQuery and they also use $() as their global function and to define 
variables. This situation creates conflict as $() is used by jQuery and other 
library as their global function. To overcome from such situations, jQuery has 
introduced jQuery.noConflict().
jQuery.noConflict();
// Use jQuery via jQuery(...)
jQuery(document).ready(function(){
   jQuery("div").hide();
});  

You can also use your own specific character in the place of $ sign in jQuery.
var $j = jQuery.noConflict();
// Use jQuery via jQuery(...)
$j(document).ready(function(){
   $j("div").hide();
}); 

Questions 13: Is there any difference between body onload() and 
document.ready() function?
Answers 13: document.ready() function is different from body onload() 
function for 2 reasons.
1) We can have more than one document.ready() function in a page where 
we can have only one body onload function.
2) document.ready() function is called as soon as DOM is loaded where 
body.onload() function is called 
when everything gets loaded on the page that includes DOM, images and 
all associated resources of the page.   


Questions 14: What is the difference between .js and .min.js?
Answer 14: Query library comes in 2 different versions Production and Deployment. 
The deployment version is also known as minified version. 
So .min.js is basically the minified version of jQuery library file. Both 
the files are same as far as functionality is concerned 
but .min.js is quite small in size so it loads quickly and saves bandwidth.
   

Questions 15: What is jQuery Selectors? What are selectors in jQuery 
and how many types of selectors are there?
Answers 15: Selectors are used in jQuery to find out DOM elements. Selectors can 
find the elements via ID, CSS, Element name and hierarchical position of the element.
Name: Selects all elements which match with the given element Name.
#ID: Selects a single element which matches with the given ID
.Class: Selects all elements which match with the given Class.
Universal (*): Selects all elements available in a DOM.
Multiple Elements E, F, G: Selects the combined results of all the specified selectors 
E, F or G.
Attribute Selector: Select elements based on its attribute value.


Questions 16: What does $("div") will select?
Answer 16: his will select all the div elements on page.
   

Questions 17: What does $("div.parent") will select?
Answer 17: All the div element with parent class.
   

Questions 18: What are the fastest selectors in jQuery?
Answer 18: ID and element selectors are the fastest selectors in jQuery.


Questions 19: What are the slow selectors in jQuery?
Answers 19: class selectors are the slow compare to ID and element.
   

Questions 20: Which one is faster Jquery ID selector or JavaScript 
getElementById()?
Answer 20: JavaScript getElementById() is faster than Jquery Id ($("#elementID")) 
selector
   

Questions 21: Where Jquery code execute? On client browser or server 
browser?
Answer 21: On client browser


Questions 22: Difference between $(this) and 'this' in jQuery?
Answers 22: this and $(this) refers to the same element. The only difference is 
the way they are used. 'this' is used in traditional sense, when 
'this' is wrapped in $() then it becomes a jQuery object and you are able to use 
the power of jQuery.
$(document).ready(function(){
    $('#spnValue').mouseover(function(){
       alert($(this).text());
  });
});

In below example, this is an object but since it is not wrapped in $(), 
we can't use jQuery method and use the native JavaScript to get the value of 
span element.   
$(document).ready(function(){
    $('#spnValue').mouseover(function(){
       alert(this.innerText);
  });
});

Questions 23: How do you check if an element is empty?
Answer 23:  There are 2 ways to check if element is empty or not.
We can check using ":empty" selector.
$(document).ready(function(){
    if ($('#element').is(':empty')){
       //Element is empty
  }
});

And the second way is using the "$.trim()" method.
$(document).ready(function(){
    if($.trim($('#element').html())=='') {
       //Element is empty
  }
});

Questions 24: How do you check if an element exists or not in jQuery?
Answer 24: 
$(document).ready(function(){
    if ($('#element').length > 0){
       //Element exists
  });
});

Questions 25: What is the use of jquery .each() function?
Answer 25: The $.each() function is used to iterate over a jQuery object. 
The $.each() function can be used to iterate over any collection, 
whether it is an object or an array.
   

Questions 26: What is the difference between jquery.size() and jquery.length?
Answer 26: jQuery .size() method returns number of element in the object. 
But it is not preferred to use the size() method as jQuery provide .length property 
and which does the same thing. 
But the .length property is preferred because it does not have the overhead of 
a function call.
   

Questions 27: What is the difference between $('div') and $('<div/>') in jQuery?
Answers 27: 
$('<div/>') : This creates a new div element. However this is not added to 
DOM tree unless you don't append it to any DOM element.
$('div') : This selects all the div element present on the page.
   

Questions 28: What is the difference between parent() and parents() 
methods in jQuery?
Answers 28: The basic difference is the parent() function travels only one level 
in the DOM tree, 
where parents() function search through the whole DOM tree.
   

Questions 29: How To update info already in a table and Delete a row(s) 
from a table?
Answer 29: mysql> UPDATE [table name] SET Select_priv = 'Y',Insert_priv = 'Y',
Update_priv = 'Y' where [field name] = 'user'; 
mysql> DELETE from [table name] where [field name] = 'whatever';
   

Questions 30: Explain .bind() vs .live() vs .delegate() vs .on()
Answer 30: All these 4 jQuery methods are used for attaching events to selectors 
or elements. But they all are different from each other.
.bind(): This is the easiest and quick method to bind events.
But the issue with bind() is that it doesn't work for elements added dynamically 
that matches the same selector. 
bind() only attach events to the current elements not future element.
Above that it also has performance issues when dealing with a large selection.

.live(): This method overcomes the disadvantage of bind(). 
It works for dynamically added elements or future elements. 
Because of its poor performance on large pages, this method is deprecated as of 
jQuery 1.7 and you should stop using it. 
Chaining is not properly supported using this method.

.delegate(): The .delegate() method behaves in a similar fashion to the .live() method, 
but instead of attaching the selector/event information to the document, 
you can choose where it is anchored and it also supports chaining.

.on(): Since live was deprecated with 1.7, so new method was introduced 
named ".on()". This method provides all the goodness of previous 3 methods 
and it brings uniformity for attaching event handlers.


Questions 31: How to create clone of any object using jQuery?
Answer 31: jQuery provides clone() method which performs a deep copy of the 
set of matched elements, meaning that it copies the matched elements as well as 
all of their descendant elements and text nodes.


$(document).ready(function(){
  $('#btnClone').click(function(){
     $('#dvText').clone().appendTo('body');
     return false;
  });
});

Questions 32: What is difference between prop and attr?
Answer 32: attr(): Get the value of an attribute for the first element in the 
set of matched elements. Whereas,.prop(): (Introduced in jQuery 1.6) Get the 
value of a property for the first element in the set of matched elements. 
attr() gives you the value of element as it was defines in the html on page load. 
It is always recommended to use 
prop() to get values of elements which is modified via javascript/jquery , as it 
gives you the original value of an element's current state.  


Questions 33: What is event.PreventDefault?
Answer 33: The event.preventDefault() method stops the default action of 
an element from happening.
   

Questions 34: What is the difference between event.PreventDefault 
and "return false"?
Answer 34: e.preventDefault() will prevent the default event from occurring, 
e.stopPropagation() will prevent the event from bubbling up and return false 
will do both.
   

Questions 35: How to check if number is numeric while using jQuery 1.7+?
Answer 35: Using "isNumeric()" function which was introduced with jQuery 1.7.
   

Questions 36: How to check data type of any variable in jQuery?
Answer 36: Using $.type(Object) which returns the built-in JavaScript type for object.
   

Questions 37: How do you attach a event to element which should be 
executed only once?
Answer 37: Using jQuery one() method. This attaches a handler to an event 
for the element. The handler is executed at most once per element. 
In simple terms, the attached function will be called only once.

$(document).ready(function() {
    $("#btnDummy").one("click", function() {
        alert("This will be displayed only once.");
    });
});

Questions 38: Can you include multiple version of jQuery?
Answer 38: Yes. Multiple versions of jQuery can be included in same page.
Below code shows how to include multiple version of jQuery.








By this way, for your own jQuery code use "$jq", instead of "$" as "$jq" refers to 
jQuery 1.9.1, where "$" refers to 1.7.2. 

Questions 39: Can we use jQuery to make ajax request?
Answer 39: Yes. jQuery can be used for making ajax request.


Questions 40: What are various methods to make ajax request in jQuery?
Answers 40: Using below jQuery methods, you can make ajax calls.

load() : Load a piece of html into a container DOM
$.getJSON(): Load JSON with GET method.
$.getScript(): Load a JavaScript file.
$.get(): Use to make a GET call and play extensively with the response.
$.post(): Use to make a POST call and don't want to load the response to 
some container DOM.
$.ajax(): Use this to do something on XHR failures, or to specify ajax options 
(e.g. cache: true) on the fly.

Mysql interview questions and answers

2013-10-14T13:56:00.001+05:30


Questions 1:  how to do login in mysql with unix shell?
Answers 1: By below method if password is pass and user name is root
           # [mysql dir]/bin/mysql -h hostname -u root -p pass


Questions 2: how you will Create a database on the mysql server with 
unix shell?
Answers 2: mysql> create database databasename;


Questions 3: How Switch (select or use) to a database?
Answer 3: mysql> use databasename;


Questions 4: How To see all the tables from a database of mysql server?
Answer 4: mysql> show tables;


Questions 5: How to see table's field formats or description of table?
Answers 5: mysql> describe tablename;


Questions 6: How to delete a database from mysql server?
Answers 6: mysql> drop database databasename;


Questions 7: How to delete a table? 
Answers 7: mysql> drop table tablename;


Questions 8: How we get Sum of column? 
Answers 8: mysql> SELECT SUM(*) FROM [table name];


Questions 9: how to list or view all databases from the mysql server.? 
Answers 9: mysql> show databases;


Questions 10: How you will Show all data from a table? 
Answers 10: How you will Show all data from a table.

Questions 11: How to returns the columns and column information pertaining 
to the designated table?
Answers 11: mysql> show columns from tablename;


Questions 12: How to Show certain selected rows with the value "dh"?
Answers 12: mysql> SELECT * FROM tablename WHERE fieldname = "dh";
   

Questions 13: How will Show all records containing the name "sonia" AND 
the phone number '1234567890'?
Answers 13: mysql> SELECT * FROM tablename WHERE name = "sonia" AND 
phone_number = '1234567890';
   

Questions 14: How you will Show all records not containing the name "sonia" 
AND the phone number '1234567890' order by the phone_number field?
Answer 14: mysql> SELECT * FROM tablename WHERE name != "sonia" AND 
phone_number = '1234567890' order by phone_number;
   

Questions 15: How to Show all records starting with the letters 'sonia' 
AND the phone number '1234567890'?
Answers 15: mysql> SELECT * FROM tablename WHERE name like "sonia%" 
AND phone_number = '1234567890';
   

Questions 16: Use a regular expression to find records. Use "REGEXP BINARY" 
to force case-sensitivity. This finds any record beginning with r?
Answer 16: mysql> SELECT * FROM tablename WHERE rec RLIKE "^r";
   

Questions 17: How you will Show unique records?
Answer 17: mysql> SELECT DISTINCT columnname FROM tablename;
   

Questions 18: how we will Show selected records sorted in an ascending (asc) 
or descending (desc)?
Answer 18: mysql> SELECT col1,col2 FROM tablename ORDER BY col2 DESC;
mysql> SELECT col1,col2 FROM tablename ORDER BY col2 ASC;
   

Questions 19: how to Return total number of rows?
Answers 19: mysql> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM tablename;
   

Questions 20: How to Join tables on common columns?
Answer 20: mysql> select lookup.illustrationid, lookup.personid,person.birthday from 
lookup left join person on lookup.personid=person.personid=statement to join birthday 
in person table with primary illustration id
   

Questions 21: How to Creating a new user. Login as root. Switch to the MySQL 
db. Make the user. Update privs?
Answer 21: # mysql -u root -p
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> INSERT INTO user (Host,User,Password) 
VALUES('%','username',PASSWORD('password'));
mysql> flush privileges;


Questions 22: How to Change a users password from unix shell?
Answers 22: # [mysql dir]/bin/mysqladmin -u username -h hostname.blah.org -p 
password 'new-password'
   

Questions 23: How to Change a users password from MySQL prompt. Login as 
root. Set the password. Update privs?
Answer 23: # mysql -u root -p
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'user'@'hostname' = PASSWORD('passwordhere');
mysql> flush privileges;
   

Questions 24: How to Recover a MySQL root password. Stop the MySQL server 
process. Start again with no grant tables. Login to MySQL as root. 
Set new password. Exit MySQL and restart MySQL server?
Answer 24: 
# /etc/init.d/mysql stop 
# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &
# mysql -u root
mysql> use mysql;
mysql>update user set password=PASSWORD("newrootpassword") where User='root';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> quit
# /etc/init.d/mysql stop
# /etc/init.d/mysql start
   

Questions 25: How to Set a root password if there is on root password?
Answer 25: # mysqladmin -u root password newpassword
   

Questions 26: How to Update a root password?
Answer 26: # mysqladmin -u root -p oldpassword newpassword
   

Questions 27: How to allow the user "sonia" to connect to the server from 
localhost using the password "passwd". Login as root. Switch to the MySQL 
db. Give privs. Update privs?
Answers 27: # mysql -u root -p
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> grant usage on *.* to sonia@localhost identified by 'passwd';
mysql> flush privileges;
   

Questions 28: How to give user privilages for a db. Login as root. Switch to the 
MySQL db. Grant privs. Update privs?
Answers 28: # mysql -u root -p
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> INSERT INTO user (Host,Db,User,Select_priv,Insert_priv,Update_priv,
Delete_priv,Create_priv,Drop_priv) VALUES 
('%','databasename','username','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','N');
mysql> flush privileges; 
or 
mysql> grant all privileges on databasename.* to username@localhost;
mysql> flush privileges;
   

Questions 29: How To update info already in a table and Delete a row(s) from 
a table?
Answer 29: 
mysql> UPDATE [table name] SET Select_priv = 'Y',Insert_priv = 'Y',
Update_priv = 'Y' where [field name] = 'user'; 
mysql> DELETE from [table name] where [field name] = 'whatever';
   

Questions 30: How to Update database permissions/privilages?
Answer 30: mysql> flush privileges;
   

Questions 31: How to Delete a column and Add a new column to database?
Answer 31: mysql> alter table [table name] drop column [column name];
mysql> alter table [table name] add column [new column name] varchar (20);
   

Questions 32: Change column name and Make a unique column so we get 
no dupes?
Answer 32: 
mysql> alter table [table name] change [old column name] 
[new column name] varchar (50);
mysql> alter table [table name] add unique ([column name]);
   

Questions 33: How to make a column bigger and Delete unique from table?
Answer 33: mysql> alter table [table name] modify [column name] VARCHAR(3);
mysql> alter table [table name] drop index [colmn name];
   

Questions 34: How to Load a CSV file into a table?
Answer 34: 
mysql> LOAD DATA INFILE '/tmp/filename.csv' replace INTO TABLE 
[table name] FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' LINES TERMINATED BY '\n' 
(field1,field2,field3);
   

Questions 35: How to dump all databases for backup. Backup file is sql 
commands to recreate all db's?
Answer 35: 
# [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -u root -ppassword --opt >/tmp/alldatabases.sql
   

Questions 36: How to dump one database for backup?
Answer 36: # [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -u username -ppassword --databases 
            databasename >/tmp/databasename.sql
   

Questions 37: How to dump a table from a database?
Answer 37: # [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -c -u username -ppassword databasename 
            tablename > /tmp/databasename.tablename.sql
   

Questions 38: Restore database (or database table) from backup?
Answer 38: # [mysql dir]/bin/mysql -u username -ppassword databasename < 
            /tmp/databasename.sql
   

Questions 39: How to Create Table show Example?
Answer 39: 
mysql> CREATE TABLE [table name] (firstname VARCHAR(20),
middleinitial VARCHAR(3), lastname VARCHAR(35),
suffix VARCHAR(3),officeid VARCHAR(10),userid VARCHAR(15),
username VARCHAR(8),email VARCHAR(35),phone VARCHAR(25), 
groups VARCHAR(15),datestamp DATE,timestamp time,pgpemail VARCHAR(255));


Questions 40: How to search second maximum(second highest) salary 
value(integer)from table employee (field salary)in the manner so that 
mysql gets less load?
Answers 40: By below query we will get second maximum(second highest) 
salary value(integer)from table employee (field salary)in the manner so 
that mysql gets less load 

SELECT DISTINCT(salary) FROM employee order by salary desc limit 1 , 1 ; 

(This way we will able to find out 3rd highest , 4th highest salary so on 
just need to change limit condtion like LIMIT 2,1 for 3rd highest and 
LIMIT 3,1 for 4th 
some one may finding this way using below query that taken more time 
as compare to above query.

SELECT salary FROM employee where salary < (select max(salary) from employee) 
order by salary DESC limit 1 ;

oDesk Readiness Test Answers

2013-08-12T14:17:00.000+05:30

1. Which of the following are NOT permitted on oDesk?

a. Sharing a single account between multiple people
b. Opening more than one account on oDesk
c. Using a logo or clip art as your profile portrait
d. Using a fake name
e. All of the above (answer)

2. Which of the following actions are NOT allowed when applying to job postings?

a. Misrepresenting your skills, experiences, portfolio, etc.
b. Submitting boilerplate, placeholder or generic bids or other spam
c. Disclosing direct contact information
d. Applying when you are not truly qualified
e. All of the above (answer)

3. Can I start my own agency on oDesk?

a. Yes! You can create an agency and earn money by selling the services of your agency contractors.(answer)
b. No, oDesk is for independent contractors only

4. What happens when a contract ends?

a. You lose access to the Work Diary
b. Both users can leave feedback
c. The feedback system is double blind, so your employer cannot see the feedback you
left them until after they have left feedback for you
d. Hours will be billed (and disputes may be filed) according to the usual weekly payment schedule
e. All of the above (answer)

5. Which of the following are TRUE about your oDesk Work Diary?

a. Allows employers to see when and what their contractors are working on
b. Enables automatic billing for hourly contracts
c. The oDesk Team application auto-tracks time which can be reviewed in the Work Diary
d. Manual time can be added, but isn't guaranteed payment
e. All of the above(answer)

6. Which of the following are TRUE about the oDesk dispute process?

a. The dispute process only applies to Hourly contracts
b. If you fail to respond, oDesk will refund the employer and suspend your account
c. If you reject the dispute, oDesk specialists will review your Work Diary and
evaluate it against the criteria of the payment guarantee
d. Disputed hours ruled in the employers favor are refunded
e. All of the above(answer)

7. Which of the following is FALSE about weekly limits on hourly contracts?

a. Hours in excess of the weekly limit will not be billed to the employer
b. You should discuss any need to work beyond your limit with your employer
c. The weekly limit can be changed by the contractor(answer)
d. The weekly limit can be changed by the employer
e. Hours in excess of the weekly limit are not guaranteed payment

8. The oDesk Team application Time Tracker records which of the following

a. Screenshot of the active screen once per billing segment
b. Number of keystrokes
c. Number of mouse clicks
d. Memo entered by the contractor
e. All of the above(answer)

9. Which of the following statements about oDesk fees is FALSE?

a. The oDesk fee is 10% of the employer's payment to oDesk
b. ODesk is free to join
c. ODesk is free for contractors to apply and work on jobs
d. The ODesk fee is $2/hour for hourly contracts (answer)
e. All of the above

10. Which of the following is TRUE about fixed-price contracts?

a. Employer billed automatically each week
b. How much to pay and when to pay is at the employer's discretion(answer)
c. Hours worked will show on your profile
d. Time-tracking required
e. Qualify for the oDesk payment guarantee

11. Which of the following are required to qualified for guaranteed payment.

a. An hourly contract.
b. Tracking your time with the oDesk team application.
c. Entering relevant memos.
d. An employer with a verified payment methods.
e. All of the above (answer)

Get selected value of dropdownlist

2013-07-17T17:03:00.000+05:30

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <script>
            function selectedValue()
            {
                var index = document.getElementById("myValue").selectedIndex;
                var value = document.getElementById("myValue").options[index].text;
                alert(value);
            }
        </script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <form>
            Select your favorite Subject:
            <select id="myValue">
                <option>PHP</option>
                <option>HTML</option>
                <option>JQuery</option>
                <option>Javascript</option>
            </select>
        </form>
        <button type="button" onclick="selectedValue()">Selected Value</button>
    </body>
</html>

convert stdClass Object to Array in php

2013-07-04T11:15:00.000+05:30

<?php

/**
 * Convert an stdClass object to an array
 *
 * @param    stdClass object  $varObj The object to convert
 * @reeturn  array
 *
 */
function convertObjectToArray($varObj) {
    if (!is_object($varObj) && !is_array($varObj)) {
        return $object;
    }
    if (is_object($varObj)) {
        $varObj = get_object_vars($varObj);
    }
    return array_map('objectToArray', $varObj);
}
/** convert the object to array **/
$resultArray = convertObjectToArray( $obj );

/** Display the result array **/
print_r( $resultArray );
?>

Facebook like button in blogger

2013-06-15T18:31:00.003+05:30

Following are the steps to add facebook like button for each post in your blog.

Step-1: First of all, I recommend you to take backup of your current template to avoid any loss.

Step-2: For backup, go to your Blogger dashboard, click on template and then click on Backup/Restore on top-right side. Click on download full template and save it to your computer.

Step-3: After backup, go to edit HTML and find <data:post.body/> using CTRL+F, if it is more than one then try to finding last one.

Step-4: Copy and Paste the code given below just after the <data:post.body/> and save the template.

<div class="facebooklike">
    <iframe expr:src='"http://www.facebook.com/plugins/like.php?href=" + data:post.url +"&layout=button_count&show_faces=false&width=100& action=like&font=arial&colorscheme=light"' frameborder='0' scrolling='no' style='border:none; overflow:hidden; width:100px; height:25px;' allowTransparency='true' />
</div>

Step-5: Go to browser and view your blog, you can see that facebook like button for each post of your blog.

Amazon Tips and Tricks

2013-06-12T10:00:00.000+05:30

Getting PHP and MySQL running on amazon EC2

http://www.alexkorn.com/blog/2011/03/getting-php-mysql-running-amazon-ec2/#note1back

How to run PHP site using EC2 and S3

You need to start a new EC2 instance with a image (AMI) that contains the minimal configuration you need. You can use the Amazon Linux images which has nothing on it and install Apache and PHP or try to find a community image that already contains Apache and PHP.

Afterwards install your PHP application in the relevant places in the instance.

Create an S3 bucket.
Copy your static files (images, css, javascripts) to the bucket.

Update the references to images, css, js files in your code to point to the S3 bucket.

If you are not doing anything too fancy with your Javascript code they will run correctly even from S3.

To Launce an instance

http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/EC2_GetStarted.html?r=1874

Create database in amazon EC2

Since you have an account with Amazon and EC2, you can use their console:https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/home.

In the console, click on Instances, then Launch Instance to create a new virtual machine. There are lots of operating systems to choose from; a good choice for a first instance would be 32-bit Ubuntu running on an m1.small instance.

If you already have a Keypair, select the one you want from the list. Otherwise, you can create a new Keypair in the Keypair dialog. When the new instance has been created, you can use the keypair to connect to it, using a command like:

ssh -i siva_keypair root@InstancePublicDNS

You can get the instance public DNS name from the console. At this point, you're basically logged on to a new machine, and can use it in any way you would use a real, physical machine.

By the sound of it, you're going to want to create some user accounts, install an FTP server and MySQL (use apt-get if you're on Ubuntu).

Note that you can lose data which you put on the local disk if an instance goes down - if you're running a database you should use EBS which is very easy to set up, and gets you persistent, fast storage which can be attached to any EC2 instance.

Load Data into Tables Using the AWS SDK for PHP

http://docs.aws.amazon.com/amazondynamodb/latest/developerguide/LoadData_PHP.html

how to view php, mysql, apache2 install or not

which php return /usr/bin/php

which mysql return /usr/bin/mysql

which apache2 return /usr/sbin/apache2

loginto mysql

mysql -u username -p

show databases

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qw95e7eWZEw

apache2 error log

/var/log/apache2

restart services command

sudo service mysql restart

get which service run in 80 port

sudo lsof -i:80

php setup in amazon nginx server

http://davidwinter.me/articles/2009/06/13/php-and-nginx-the-easy-way/

phpmyadmin setup in amazon nginx server

http://www.howtoforge.com/running-phpmyadmin-on-nginx-lemp-on-debian-squeeze-ubuntu-11.04

defult setting file in nginx server path

/etc/nginx/sites-available

Install smtp

sudo apt-get install sendmail

how to add cron-job in ubuntu

http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/disable-the-mail-alert-by-crontab-command/

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CronHowto

http://www.thegeekstuff.com/2012/07/crontab-log/

cron job log

/var/log/syslog

How to connect amazon server using FTP

Open FileZilla and go to preferences.

Under preferences click sftp and add a new key. This is your key pair for your ec2 instance. You will have to convert it to the format FileZilla uses. It will give you a prompt for the file format conversion.

Click okay and go back to site manager

In site manager enter in your EC2 public address, this can also be your elastic IP

Make sure the protocol is set to SFTP

Write in the username its the name of ec2-user

Remove everything from the password field - leave it blank

All done! Now connect.

Find Prime numbers between given range

2013-06-11T10:00:00.000+05:30

Question: We have to ask user to enter number1 and number2 he/she wants, and find the prime numbers between that range which is entered by users?

Answer: Copy the below code and paste it into "your.php" file. After done this you will just need to run "your.php" file in browser and you will get the output successfully.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
        <title>Find Prime numbers</title>
    </head>

    <body>
        <h1><center>Find Prime numbers</center></h1>

        <form action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>"  method="post">
            Enter Value1:<input type="text" name="min">
            Enter Value2:<input type="text" name="max">
            <input type="submit" name="submit" value="OK">
        </form>

        <?php
        if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
            $min = $_POST['min'];
            $max = $_POST['max'];
            if ($min == $max) {
                echo "Enter different value ";
            } else {
                if ($min > $max) {
                    $t = $min;
                    $min = $max;
                    $max = $t;
                }

                function get_prime($min, $max) {
                    $primes = array();
                    for ($x = $min; $x <= $max; $x++) {
                        if ($x == 2) {
                            $primes[] = $x;
                        }
                        for ($i = 2; $i < $x; $i++) {
                            $r = $x % $i;
                            if ($r == 0) {
                                break;
                            }
                            if ($i == $x - 1) {
                                $primes[] = $x;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    if ($primes == NULL) {
                        echo "No prime numbers found";
                    }  else {
                        echo "Total ". count($primes) ." prime numbers:";
                        echo implode(",", $primes);
                    }
                    
                }

                get_prime($min, $max);
            }
        }
        ?>

    </body>
</html>

Prime number program

2013-06-10T11:40:00.000+05:30

Question: We have to ask user to enter number he/she wants, and give output whether its prime number or not?

Answer: Copy the below code and paste it into "your.php" file. After done this you will just need to run "your.php" file in browser and you will get the output successfully.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
        <title>Prime number</title>
    </head>

    <body>
        <h1><center>Prime number</center></h1>

        <form action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>" method="post">
            Enter number:
            <input type="text" name="num" />
            <input type="submit" name="submit" value="OK" />
        </form>

        <?php
        if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
            $num = $_POST['num'];
            if ($num == 0) {
                echo $num . " is special number";
            } elseif ($num == 1) {
                echo $num . " is special number";
            } else {
                $c = 0;
                for ($i = 2; $i < $num; $i++) {
                    if ($num % $i == 0) {
                        $c++;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if ($c) {
                    echo $num . " is not prime number";
                }
                else
                    echo $num . " is prime number";
            }
        }
        ?>
    </body>
</html>

Leap year program

2013-06-07T11:31:00.000+05:30

Question: We have to ask user to enter year he/she wants, and give output whether its leap year or not?

Answer: Copy the below code and paste it into "your.php" file. After done this you will just need to run "your.php" file in browser and you will get the output successfully.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
        <title>leap year</title>
    </head>

    <body>
        <h1><center>leap year</center></h1>

        <form action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>" method="post">
            Enter the year in four digit:
            <input type="text" name="year" />
            <input type="submit" name="submit" value="OK" />
        </form>
        <?php
            if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
                $yr = $_POST['year'];
                if ($yr % 4 == 0) {
                    if ($yr % 100 == 0) {
                        if ($yr % 400 == 0) {
                            echo $yr . " is leap year";
                        }
                        else
                            echo $yr . " is not leap year";
                    }
                    else
                        echo $yr . " is leap year";
                }
                else
                    echo $yr . " is not leap year";
            }
        ?>
    </body>
</html>

Palindrome number or string

2013-06-04T10:00:00.000+05:30

Question: We have to ask user to enter number or string he/she wants, and give output is number/string Palindrome or not?
(abcba-Palindrome String)
(abccba-Palindrome String)
(12321-Palindrome Number)
(123321-Palindrome Number)

Answer: Copy the below code and paste it into "your.php" file. After done this you will just need to run "your.php" file in browser and you will get the output successfully.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
        <title>Palindrome number or string</title>
    </head>

    <body>
        <h1><center>Palindrome number or string</center></h1>

        <form action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>" method="post">
            Enter number or string:<input type="text" name="num"/>
            <input type="submit" name="submit" value="OK" />
        </form>
        <?php
        if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
            $num = $_POST['num'];
            $numeric = is_numeric($num);

            function is_palindrome(&$str) {
                for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($str) / 2; $i++) {
                    if ($str[$i] != $str[strlen($str) - 1 - $i])
                        return false;
                }
                return true;
            }

            if (!$numeric) {
                $result = is_palindrome($num);
                if ($result) {
                    echo $num . " is palindrome string";
                }
                else
                    echo $num . " is not palindrome string";
            } else {
                $sum = 0;
                $temp = $num;
                while ($temp >= 1) {
                    $r = $temp % 10;
                    $temp = $temp / 10;
                    $sum = $sum * 10 + $r;
                }

                if ($sum == $num) {
                    echo $num . " is palindrome number";
                }
                else
                    echo $num . " is not palindrome number";
            }
        }
        ?>
    </body>
</html>

Reverse number

2013-06-03T10:00:00.000+05:30

Question: We have to ask user to enter number he/she wants, and number should be generated reverse accordingly.
(if user enter number 12345 then reverse should be generated i.e.- 54321)

Answer: Copy the below code and paste it into "your.php" file. After done this you will just need to run "your.php" file in browser and you will get the output successfully.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
        <title>Reverse number</title>
    </head>

    <body>
        <h1><center>Reverse number</center></h1>

        <form action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>" method="post">
            Enter number more than one digit:<input type="text" name="rev" />
            <input type="submit" name="submit" value="OK" />
        </form>
        <?php
            if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
                $rev = $_POST['rev'];
                while ($rev >= 1) {
                    $r = $rev % 10;

                    $rev = $rev / 10;

                    echo $r;
                }
            }
        ?>
    </body>
</html>

Fibonacci Series

2013-06-02T10:00:00.000+05:30

Question: We have to ask user to enter the no. of terms he/she wants, and series should be generated accordingly.

Answer: Copy the below code and paste it into "your.php" file. After done this you will just need to run "your.php" file in browser and you will get the output successfully.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
        <title>Fibonancy series</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1><center>Fibonancy series</center></h1>
        <?php
            $a = 0;
            $b = 1;
            $sum = 0;
        ?>
        <form action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>"  method="post">
            Enter number of terms:<input type="text" name="name">
            <input type="submit" name="submit" value="OK"><br>
        </form>
        <?php
            if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
                $term = $_POST['name'];
                echo "$a,$b,";
                while ($term - 2) {
                    $sum = $a + $b;
                    $a = $b;
                    $b = $sum;
                    $term--;
                    echo $sum . ",";
                }
            }
        ?>
    </body>
</html>

Ubuntu Tips and Tricks

2013-06-01T10:00:00.000+05:30

Ubuntu Tips and tricks
http://blog.sudobits.com/2012/04/14/10-things-to-do-after-installing-ubuntu-12-04/
http://www.techsupportalert.com/content/tips-and-tricks-ubuntu-after-installation-ubuntu-1204.htm

Install apache phpmyadmin mysql in ubuntu
http://www.unixmen.com/howto-install-amp-and-phpmyadmin-on-ubuntu/

change apache phpmyadmin password

http://askubuntu.com/questions/118772/how-to-change-root-password-for-mysql-and-phpmyadmin

mysql -h your_host(localhost) -u root

SET PASSWORD FOR root@localhost = PASSWORD('yourpassword');

rabbitvcs for gui base svn in ubuntu
http://www.webupd8.org/2011/01/rabbitvcs-perfect-tortoisesvn.html
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:rabbitvcs/ppa && sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rabbitvcs-core rabbitvcs-nautilus3 rabbitvcs-cli
sudo apt-get install rabbitvcs-gedit
gconftool-2 --set /desktop/gnome/interface/menus_have_icons --type bool true

uninstall rabbitvcs from ubuntu

sudo apt-get purge rabbitvcs-cli rabbitvcs-core rabbitvcs-gedit rabbitvcs-nautilus

building svn on ubuntu
http://blog.ashodnakashian.com/2012/11/building-subversion-on-ubuntu-12-10/
local svn ssl error certificate
http://andrewbrobinson.com/2011/11/01/fixing-ssl-handshake-failed-ssl-error-key-usage-violation-in-certificate-has-been-detected-error-on-svn-checkout/
http://www.yeap.de/blog2.0/archives/260-Subversion-Certificate-Problems-with-Ubuntu-Precise-Pangolin.html
sudo apt-get install libneon27
sudo mv /usr/lib/libneon-gnutls.so.27 /usr/lib/libneon-gnutls.so.27.old
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/libneon.so.27 /usr/lib/libneon-gnutls.so.27

Install taskbar cairo dock like mac
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:cairo-dock-team/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install cairo-dock cairo-dock-plug-ins

install netbeans 7.2.1 with php and install java environment
http://technicalworldforyou.blogspot.in/2012/08/how-to-install-netbeans-ide-in-ubuntu.html

ubuntu speed up with preload
http://techhamlet.com/2012/12/linux-preload/
sudo apt-get install preload

install pidgin for lan chat and other chat
http://www.itworld.com/software/304624/install-pidgin-instant-messaging-client-ubuntu-1210
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:pidgin-developers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install pidgin pidgin-data pidgin-plugin-pack pidgin-themes
sudo apt-get install pidgin-lastfm pidgin-guifications msn-pecan pidgin-musictracker

Install gnome3 for gui
http://debianhelp.wordpress.com/2012/09/22/installing-gnome-3-on-ubuntu-12-10-quantal/#more-6603

Install wine for exe file
http://www.noobslab.com/2012/08/install-wine-1511-in-ubuntu.html
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install wine1.5
sudo apt-get install winetricks

Install Google Chrome
http://www.liberiangeek.net/2012/10/heres-how-to-install-google-chrome-in-ubuntu-12-10-quantal-quetzal

UnInstall Google Chrome
http://askubuntu.com/questions/67047/how-to-uninstall-google-chrome

http://askubuntu.com/questions/82186/how-do-i-completely-uninstall-google-chrome-and-chromium

sudo apt-get purge google-chrome-stable

Install filezilla
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:n-muench/programs-ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install filezilla

how to edit the system locked files
http://askubuntu.com/questions/92379/how-do-i-get-permissions-to-edit-system-configuration-files

changing hostname in ubuntu
http://www.tech-recipes.com/rx/2732/ubuntu_how_to_change_computer_name/
also change the file /etc/hosts with the ip address to point to the hostname

changes for php.ini present under
(error reporting, display errors, max_upload_file, max_post_size)
/etc/php5/apache/php.ini

allowing users without password to login into phpmyadmin
(comment out $cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowNoPassword'] = TRUE;)
/etc/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php

for .htaccess rules (set AllowOverride All)
/etc/apache2/sites-available/default
also allow the use of url rewriting module in apache through command
sudo a2enmod rewrite

flashplayer
www.liberiangeek.net/2012/04/install-adobe-flash-reader-air-in-ubuntu-12-04-precise-pangolin/
http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/

adobeair
http://askubuntu.com/questions/87447/how-can-i-install-adobe-air

changing permission of a folder to current user
sudo chown -R $USER [directory or file name]
sudo chmod -R 755[directory or file name]

restart apache service
http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/ubuntu-linux-start-restart-stop-apache-web-server/
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 start
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 stop

restart mysql
sudo service mysql restart

ROR mysql configuration for socket (symbolic linkage)
http://www.davideisinger.com/article/getting-started-with-ubuntu

install php curl
sudo apt-get install php5-curl

lamp start on boot system
http://www.linuxhomenetworking.com/forums/showthread.php/18872-start-LAMP
sudo vi /etc/init.d/rc.local
/opt/lampp/lampp start

play playonlinux(install windows s/w)
sudo apt-get install playonlinux

install httrack s/w for offline donwload website
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:upubuntu-com/web
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install webhttrack httrack

install java in ubuntu

http://www.webupd8.org/2012/01/install-oracle-java-jdk-7-in-ubuntu-via.html

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer

install ubuntuTweak 0.8.2

http://www.webupd8.org/2012/11/ubuntu-tweak-gets-full-ubuntu-1210.html

sudo
add-apt-repository ppa:tualatrix

/ppa

sudo apt-get update

sudo
apt-get install

ubuntu-tweak

amazon ec2 nginx , mysql ,php
http://blog.webjames.co.uk/ec2-nginx-wordpress-varnish-ubuntu/71/

make bootable pendrive (disk) in ubuntu
http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-ubuntu

when ubuntu not boot

http://www.howtogeek.com/114884/how-to-repair-grub2-when-ubuntu-wont-boot/

OOPS interview questions and answers

2013-05-31T10:00:00.000+05:30

Questions 1: What is Object Oriented Programming ?
Answers 1: Object Oriented Programming is a Style of programming that represents a program as a system of objects and enables code-reuse.

Questions 2: What is a Class ?
Answers 2: A class describes all the attributes of objects, as well as the methods that implement the behavior of
member objects. It is a comprehensive data type which represents a blue print of objects. It’s a template of object.

Questions 3: What is an Object ?
Answers 3: An object is an instance of a class. An object is an entity that has attributes, behavior, and identity. Objects
are members of a class. Attributes and behavior of an object are defined by the class definition.

Questions 4: What are class access modifiers?
Answers 4: Access modifiers are keywords used to specify the declared accessibility of a member or a type.
This section introduces the four access modifiers :
Public - Can be accessed by any other class anywhere.
Protected - Can be accessed by classes inside the package or by subclasses ( that means classes
who inherit from this class).
Private - Can be accessed only within the class. Even methods in subclasses in the same package do
not have access.
Default - (Its private access by default) accessible to classes in the same package but not by classes
in other packages, even if these are subclasses.

Questions 5: What are the basic OOPS concepts?
Answers 5: Following are concepts or characteristics of OOPs:
Abstraction
Encapsulation
Inheritance
Polymorphism

Questions 6: What is the relation between Classes and Objects?
Answers 6: They look very much same but are not same. Class is a definition, while object is instance of the class
created. Class is a blue print while objects are actual objects existing in real world. Example we have
class CAR which has attributes and methods like Speed, Brakes, Type of Car etc.Class CAR is just a
prototype, now we can create real time objects which can be used to provide functionality. Example
we can create a Maruti car object with 100 km speed and urgent brakes.

Questions 7: What is Abstraction?
Answers 7: It allows complex real world to be represented in simplified manner. Example color is abstracted to
RGB.By just making the combination of these three colors we can achieve any color in world. It’s a
model of real world or concept.

Questions 8: What is Encapsulation?
Answers 8: The wrapping up of data and functions into a single unit (called class) is known as encapsulation. Encapsulation containing and hiding information about an object, such as internal data structures and code.
The process of hiding all the internal details of an object from the outside world.

Questions 9: What is Inheritance?
Answers 9: Inheritance is deriving the new class from the already existing one.

Questions 10: What is Polymorphism?
Answers 10: Mean by more than one form. Ability to provide different implementation based on different number/type of parameters.

Questions 11: What is an Abstract class ?
Answers 11: Abstract class defines an abstract concept which can not be instantiated and comparing o interface it
can have some implementation while interfaces can not. Below are some
points for abstract class:-
=>We can not create object of abstract class it can only be inherited in a below class.
=> Normally abstract classes have base implementation and then child classes derive from the
abstract class to make the class concrete.

Questions 12: What are Abstract methods?
Answers 12: Abstract class can contain abstract methods. Abstract methods do not have implementation. Abstract
methods should be implemented in the subclasses which inherit them. So if an abstract class has an
abstract method class inheriting the abstract class should implement the method or else java compiler
will through an error. In this way, an abstract class can define a complete programming interface
thereby providing its subclasses with the method declarations for all of the methods necessary to
implement that programming interface. Abstract methods are defined using "abstract" keyword.
Below is a sample code snippet.
abstract class dhavalGraph
{
abstract void draw();
}
Any class inheriting from "dhavalGraph" class should implement the "draw" method or else the java
compiler will throw an error. so if we do not implement a abstract method the program will not
compile.

Questions 13: What is the difference between Abstract classes and Interfaces ?
Answers 13: Difference between Abstract class and Interface is as follows:-
Abstract class can only be inherited while interfaces can not be it has to be implemented.
Interface cannot implement any methods, whereas an abstract class can have implementation.
Class can implement many interfaces but can have only one super class.
Interface is not part of the class hierarchy while Abstract class comes in through inheritance.
Unrelated classes can implement the same interface.

Questions 14: What are the difference between Structure and Class?
Answers 14:
Structures are value type and Classes are reference type
Structures can not have constructors or destructors.
Classes can have both constructors and destructors.
Structures do not support Inheritance, while Classes support Inheritance.

Questions 15: What is difference between Static and Non-Static fields of a class ?
Answers 15: Non-Static values are also called as instance variables. Each object of the class has its own copy of
Non-Static instance variables. So when a new object is created of the same class it will have
completely its own copy of instance variables. While Static values have only one copy of instance
variables and will be shared among all the objects of the class.

Questions 16: What is Overloading?
Answers 16: A process of creating different implementation of a method having a same name as base class, in a derived class. It implements Inheritance.

Questions 17: What is a constructor in class?
Answers 17: Constructor has the same name as the class in which it resides and looks from syntax point of view it
looks similiar to a method. Constructor is automatically called immediately after the object is created,
before the new operator completes. Constructors have no return type, not even void. This is because
the implicit return type of a class' constructor is the class type itself. It is the constructor's job to
initialize the internal state of an object so that the code creating an instance will have a fully
initialized, usable object immediately.

Questions 18: Can constructors be parameterized?
Answers 18: Yes we can have parameterized constructor which can also be termed as constructor overloading.
Below is a code snippet which shows two constructors for pcdsMaths class one with parameter and
one with out.
class dhMaths
{
    double PI;
    // This is the constructor for the maths constant class.
    dhMaths()
    {
        PI = 3.14;
    }
    dhMaths(int pi)
    {
        PI = pi;
    }
}

Questions 19: What is the difference between Overriding and Overloading?
Answers 19:
Overriding : you override a virtual class.
Overloading : you overload a method with different number of parameters or diffent type of parameters.

Questions 20: Define destuctors?
Answers 20: A destructor is called for a class object when that object passes out of scope or is explicitly deleted.
A destructors as the name implies is used to destroy the objects that have been created by a constructors.
Like a constructor , the destructor is a member function whose name is the same as the class name but is precided by a tilde.

Questions 21: What is the use if instanceof keyword? and How do refer to a current instance of object?
Answers 21: "instanceof" keyword is used to check what is the type of object.
we can refer the current instance of object using "this" keyword. For instance if we have class which
has color property we can refer the current object instance inside any of the method using
"this.color".

Questions 22: What is "this" keyword?
Answers 22: this is a reference that each instance has to itself. The this reference gives the instance access to its internal variables and behaviors.

Questions 23: What is difference between Class And Interface?
Answers 23:
Class : is logical representation of object. It is collection of data and related sub procedures with defination.
Interface : is also a class containg methods which is not having any definations.Class does not support multiple inheritance. But interface can support.

Questions 24: What is an identifier?
Answers 24: Identifiers are nothing but names given to various entities uniquely identified in a program.

Questions 25: What is another name for overloading?
Answers 25: Ad-hoc polymorphism is another name for overloading.

Questions 26: Why is the virtual keyword used in code?
Answers 26: The Virtual keyword is used in code to define methods and the properties that can be overridden in derived classes.

Questions 27: What is virtual function?
Answers 27: A virtual function is a member function that is declared within a base class and redefined by a derived class .To create a virtual function, the function declaration in the base class is preceded by the keyword virtual.

Questions 28: What is the use of copy constructor?
Answers 28: Copy constructor is a constructor function with the same name as the class and used to make deep copy of objects.

Questions 29: What is a Static class?
Answers 29: Static class is a class which can be used or accessed without creating an instance of the class.

Questions 30: What are the different ways a method can be overloaded?
Answers 30:
A method can be overloaded :
By varying the numbers of parameters
By using different data types for the parameters
By using different sequence of the parameters.

Questions 31: What are the different categories of inheritance?
Answers 31: Inheritance in OOP is of four types :
Single inheritance : Contains one base class and one derived class.
Hierarchical inheritance : Contains one base class and multiple derived classes of the same base class.
Multilevel inheritance : Contains a class derived from a derived class.
Multiple inheritance : Contains several base classes and a derived class.

Questions 32: What is an Abstract class?
Answers 32: An abstract class is a special kind of class that cannot be instantiated.
It normally contains one or more abstract methods or abstract properties.
It provides body to a class.

Questions 33: What is meant by data encapsulation?
Answers 33: Data encapsulation, also referred to as data hiding, is the mechanism whereby the implementation details of a class are kept hidden from the user.
The user can only perform a restricted set of operations on the hidden members of the class by executing special functions called methods.

Questions 34: What are the difference between const and readonly?
Answers 34:
A const can not be static, while readonly can be static.
A const need to be declared and initialized at declaration only, while a readonly can be initialized at declaration or by the code in the constructor.
A const's value is evaluated at design time, while a readonly's value is evaluated at runtime.

Questions 35: What are inner classes and what is the practical implementation of inner classes?
Answers 35: Inner classes are nested inside other class. They have access to outer class fields and methods even if
the fields of outer class are defined as private.
public class Dhaval
{
    class dhEmp
    {
        // inner class defines the required structure
        String first;
        String last;
    }
    // array of name objects
    clsName personArray[] = {new clsName(), new clsName(), new clsName()};
}
Normally inner classes are used for data structures like one shown above or some kind of helper
classes.

Questions 36: Define exceptions ?
Answers 36: An exception is an abnormal condition that arises in a code sequence at run time. Basically there are
four important keywords which form the main pillars of exception handling: try, catch, throw and
finally. Code which you want to monitor for exception is contained in the try block. If any exception
occurs in the try block its sent to the catch block which can handle this error in a more rational
manner. To throw an exception manually you need to call use the throw keyword. If you want to put
any clean up code use the finally block. The finally block is executed irrespective if there is an error or not.

Questions 37: What is a delegate?
Answers 37:
Delegate is a class that can hold a reference to a method or a function.
Delegate class has a signature and it can only reference those methods whose signature is compliant with the class.
Delegates are type-safe functions pointers or callbacks.

Questions 38: What is serialization?How do we implement serialization actually?
Answers 38: Serialization is a process by which an object instance is converted in to stream of bytes. There are
many useful stuff you can do when the object instance is converted in to stream of bytes for instance
you can save the object in hard disk or send it across the network.
In order to implement serialization we need to use two classes from java.io package
ObjectOutputStream and ObjectInputStream. ObjectOutputStream has a method called writeObject,
while ObjectInputStream has a method called readObject. Using writeobject we can write and
readObject can be used to read the object from the stream. Below are two code snippet which used
the FileInputStream and FileOutputstream to read and write from harddisk.

Questions 39: What is Sealed modifiers?
Answers 39:
Sealed types cannot be inherited & are concrete.
Sealed modifiers can also be applied to instance methods, properties, events & indexes. It can't be applied to static members.
Sealed members are allowed in sealed and non-sealed classes.

Questions 40: What is a base class?
Answers 40: Base class is the most generalised class in a class structure. Most applications have such root classes. In Java, Object is the base class for all classes.

Questions 41: What is a superclass?
Answers 41: superclass is a class from which another class inherits.

Questions 42: What is a subclass?
Answers 42: Subclass is a class that inherits from one or more classes

Questions 43: What are the features of abstract class?
Answers 43:
Abstract class can't be static.
Abstract class is used for inheritance.
Abstract class can't be sealed.
Abstract or virtual members can't be private, as we can't override it.
Abstract class can be inherited from an abstract class but the methods in the base class have to be declared abstract.

Questions 44: What are the types of polymorphism?
Answers 44: There are two types of polymorphism are :
Compile time polymorphism
Runtime polymorphism

Questions 45: What is the difference between compile time polymorphism and runtime polymorphism?
Answers 45:
Compile time polymorphism is method and operators overloading. It is also called early binding.
Runtime time polymorphism is done using inheritance and virtual functions. Method overriding is called runtime polymorphism. It is also called late binding.

Questions 46: What is the difference between this() and super()?
Answers 46:
this() can be used to invoke a constructor of the same class whereas
super() can be used to invoke a super class constructor.

Questions 47: What is the difference between Array and vector?
Answers 47:
Array is a set of related data type and static whereas
vector is a growable array of objects and dynamic.

Questions 48: What is the difference between exception and error?
Answers 48:
The exception class defines mild error conditions that your program encounters.
Exceptions can occur when trying to open the file, which does not exist, the network connection is disrupted, operands being manipulated are out of prescribed ranges, the class file you are interested in loading is missing.
The error class defines serious error conditions that you should not attempt to recover from. In most cases it is advisable to let the program terminate when such an error is encountered.

Questions 49: What is the difference between process and thread?
Answers 49:
Process is a program in execution whereas
thread is a separate path of execution in a program.

Questions 50: What is the difference between an argument and a parameter?
Answers 50: While defining method, variables passed in the method are called parameters.
While using those methods, values passed to those variables are called arguments.

Top 100 PHP interview questions and answers

2013-05-30T10:56:00.000+05:30

Questions 1: Who is the father of PHP ?
Answers 1: Rasmus Lerdorf is known as the father of PHP.

Questions 2: What is the difference between $name and $$name?
Answers 2: $name is variable where as $$name is reference variable
like $name=sonia and $$name=singh so $sonia value is singh.

Questions 3: How can we submit a form without a submit button?
Answer 3: Java script submit() function is used for submit form without submit button
on click call document.formname.submit()

Questions 4: In how many ways we can retrieve the data in the result set of MySQL using PHP?
Answer 4: We can do it by 4 Ways
1. mysql_fetch_row. , 2. mysql_fetch_array , 3. mysql_fetch_object
4. mysql_fetch_assoc

Questions 5: What is the difference between mysql_fetch_object and mysql_fetch_array?
Answers 5: mysql_fetch_object() is similar tomysql_fetch_array(), with one difference -
an object is returned, instead of an array. Indirectly, that means that
you can only access the data by the field names, and not by their
offsets (numbers are illegal property names).

Questions 6: What are the differences between Get and post methods.
Answers 6: There are some defference between GET and POST method
1. GET Method have some limit like only 2Kb data able to send for request
But in POST method unlimited data can we send
2. when we use GET method requested data show in url but
Not in POST method so POST method is good for send sensetive request

Questions 7: How can we extract string "pcds.co.in " from a string "http://info@dhaval.co.in" using regular expression of PHP?
Answers 7: preg_match("/^http:\/\/.+@(.+)$/","http://info@dhaval.co.in",$matches);
echo $matches[1];

Questions 8: How can we create a database using PHP and MySQL?
Answers 8: We can create MySQL database with the use of mysql_create_db("Database Name")

Questions 9: What are the differences between require and include?
Answers 9: Both include and require used to include a file but when included file not found Include send Warning where as Require send Fatal Error.

Questions 10: Can we use include ("xyz.PHP") two times in a PHP page "index.PHP"?
Answers 10: Yes we can use include("xyz.php") more than one time in any page. but it create
a problem when xyz.php file contain some functions declaration then error will come
for already declared function in this file else not a problem like if you want to show
same content two time in page then must include it two time not a problem

Questions 11: What are the different tables(Engine) present in MySQL, which one is default?
Answers 11: Following tables (Storage Engine) we can create
1. MyISAM(The default storage engine IN MYSQL Each MyISAM table is stored on
disk in three files. The files have names that begin with the table name and have
an extension to indicate the file type. An .frm file stores the table format. The data
file has an .MYD (MYData) extension. The index file has an .MYI (MYIndex)
extension. )
2. InnoDB(InnoDB is a transaction-safe (ACID compliant) storage engine for
MySQL that has commit, rollback, and crash-recovery capabilities to protect user
data.)
3. Merge
4. Heap (MEMORY)(The MEMORY storage engine creates tables with contents
that are stored in memory. Formerly, these were known as HEAP tables. MEMORY
is the preferred term, although HEAP remains supported for backward
compatibility. )
5. BDB (BerkeleyDB)(Sleepycat Software has provided MySQL with the Berkeley
DB transactional storage engine. This storage engine typically is called BDB for
short. BDB tables may have a greater chance of surviving crashes and are also
capable of COMMIT and ROLLBACK operations on transactions)
6. EXAMPLE
7. FEDERATED (It is a storage engine that accesses data in tables of remote
databases rather than in local tables. )
8. ARCHIVE (The ARCHIVE storage engine is used for storing large amounts of
data without indexes in a very small footprint. )
9. CSV (The CSV storage engine stores data in text files using comma-separated
values format.)
10. BLACKHOLE (The BLACKHOLE storage engine acts as a "black hole" that
accepts data but throws it away and does not store it. Retrievals always return an
empty result)

Questions 12: What is use of header() function in php ?
Answers 12: The header() function sends a raw HTTP header to a client.We can use herder()
function for redirection of pages. It is important to notice that header() must
be called before any actual output is seen..

Questions 13: How can I execute a PHP script using command line?
Answers 13: Just run the PHP CLI (Command Line Interface) program and
provide the PHP script file name as the command line argument.

Questions 14: Suppose your Zend engine supports the mode <? ?> Then how can u
configure your PHP Zend engine to support <?PHP ?> mode ?
Answers 14: In php.ini file: set short_open_tag=on to make PHP support

Questions 15: Shopping cart online validation i.e. how can we configure Paypal, etc.?
Answers 15: Nothing more we have to do only redirect to the payPal url after submit all information needed by paypal like amount,adresss etc.

Questions 16: What is meant by nl2br()?
Answers 16: Inserts HTML line breaks (<BR />) before all newlines in a string.

Questions 17: What is htaccess? Why do we use this and Where?
Answers 17: .htaccess files are configuration files of Apache Server which provide
a way to make configuration changes on a per-directory basis. A file,
containing one or more configuration directives, is placed in a particular
document directory, and the directives apply to that directory, and all
subdirectories thereof.

Questions 18: How we get IP address of client, previous reference page etc ?
Answers 18: By using $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'],$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'] etc.

Questions 19: What are the reasons for selecting lamp (Linux, apache, MySQL,PHP) instead of combination of other software programs, servers and operating systems?
Answers 19: All of those are open source resource. Security of Linux is very very more than windows. Apache is a better server that IIS both in
functionality and security. MySQL is world most popular open source
database. PHP is more faster that asp or any other scripting language.

Questions 20: How can we encrypt and decrypt a data present in a MySQL table using MySQL?
Answers 20: AES_ENCRYPT () and AES_DECRYPT ()

Questions 21: How can we encrypt the username and password using PHP?
Answers 21: The functions in this section perform encryption and decryption, and compression and uncompression:

encryption	decryption
AES_ENCRYT()	AES_DECRYPT()
ENCODE()	DECODE()
DES_ENCRYPT()	DES_DECRYPT()
ENCRYPT()	Not available
MD5()	Not available
OLD_PASSWORD()	Not available
PASSWORD()	Not available
SHA() or SHA1()	Not available
Not available	UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH()

Questions 22: What are the features and advantages of object-oriented programming?
Answers 22: One of the main advantages of OO programming is its ease of
modification; objects can easily be modified and added to a system there
by reducing maintenance costs. OO programming is also considered to be
better at modeling the real world than is procedural programming. It
allows for more complicated and flexible interactions. OO systems are
also easier for non-technical personnel to understand and easier for
them to participate in the maintenance and enhancement of a system
because it appeals to natural human cognition patterns.
For some systems, an OO approach can speed development time since many
objects are standard across systems and can be reused. Components that
manage dates, shipping, shopping carts, etc. can be purchased and easily
modified for a specific system

Questions 23: What are the differences between procedure-oriented languages and object-oriented languages?
Answers 23: There are lot of difference between procedure language and object oriented like below
1>Procedure language easy for new developer but complex to understand whole
software as compare to object oriented model
2>In Procedure language it is difficult to use design pattern mvc , Singleton
pattern etc but in OOP you we able to develop design pattern
3>IN OOP language we able to ree use code like Inheritance ,polymorphism etc
but this type of thing not available in procedure language on that our Fonda use
COPY and PASTE .

Questions 24: What is the use of friend function?
Answers 24: Sometimes a function is best shared among a number of different
classes. Such functions can be declared either as member functions of
one class or as global functions. In either case they can be set to be
friends of other classes, by using a friend specifier in the class that
is admitting them. Such functions can use all attributes of the class
which names them as a friend, as if they were themselves members of that
class.
A friend declaration is essentially a prototype for a member function,
but instead of requiring an implementation with the name of that class
attached by the double colon syntax, a global function or member
function of another class provides the match.

Questions 25: What are the differences between public, private, protected, static, transient, final and volatile?
Answer 25:
Public: Public declared items can be accessed everywhere.
Protected: Protected limits access to inherited and parent
classes (and to the class that defines the item).
Private: Private limits visibility only to the class that defines
the item.
Static: A static variable exists only in a local function scope,
but it does not lose its value when program execution leaves this scope.
Final: Final keyword prevents child classes from overriding a
method by prefixing the definition with final. If the class itself is
being defined final then it cannot be extended.
transient: A transient variable is a variable that may not
be serialized.
volatile: a variable that might be concurrently modified by multiple
threads should be declared volatile. Variables declared to be volatile
will not be optimized by the compiler because their value can change at
any time.

Questions 26: What are the different types of errors in PHP?
Answer 26: Three are three types of errors:1. Notices: These are trivial,
non-critical errors that PHP encounters while executing a script â€“ for
example, accessing a variable that has not yet been defined. By default,
such errors are not displayed to the user at all â€“ although, as you will
see, you can change this default behavior.2. Warnings: These are more serious
errors â€“ for example, attempting
to include() a file which does not exist. By default, these errors are
displayed to the user, but they do not result in script termination.3. Fatal errors:
These are critical errors â€“ for example,
instantiating an object of a non-existent class, or calling a
non-existent function. These errors cause the immediate termination of
the script, and PHP's default behavior is to display them to the user
when they take place.

Questions 27: What is the functionality of the function strstr and stristr?
Answers 27: strstr Returns part of string from the first occurrence of needle(sub string that we finding out ) to the end of string.
$email= 'sonialouder@gmail.com';
$domain = strstr($email, '@');
echo $domain; // prints @gmail.com
here @ is the needle
stristr is case-insensitive means able not able to diffrenciate between a and A

Questions 28: What are the differences between PHP 3 and PHP 4 and PHP 5?
Answer 28: There are lot of difference among these three version of php
1>Php3 is oldest version after that php4 came and current version is php5
(php5.3) where php6 have to come
2>Difference mean oldest version have less functionality as compare to new one
like php5 have all OOPs concept now where as php3 was pure procedural language
constructive like C
In PHP5 1. Implementation of exceptions and exception handling
2. Type hinting which allows you to force the type of a specific argument
3. Overloading of methods through the __call function
4. Full constructors and destructors etc through a __constuctor and __destructor
function
5. __autoload function for dynamically including certain include files depending on
the class you are trying to create.
6 Finality : can now use the final keyword to indicate that a method cannot be
overridden by a child. You can also declare an entire class as final which prevents
it from having any children at all.
7 Interfaces & Abstract Classes
8 Passed by Reference :
9 An __clone method if you really want to duplicate an object
10 Numbers of Functions Deprecated in php 5.x like
ereg,ereg_replace,magic_quotes_runtime, session_register,register_globals,
split(), call_user_method() etc

Questions 29: How can we convert asp pages to PHP pages?
Answer 29: there are lots of tools available for asp to PHP conversion. you can
search Google for that. the best one is available at http://asp2php.naken.cc./

Questions 30: What is the functionality of the function htmlentities?
Answer 30: Convert all applicable characters to HTML entities
This function is identical to htmlspecialchars() in all ways, exceptwith htmlentities(), all characters which have HTML character entity
equivalents are translated into these entities.

Questions 31: How can we get second of the current time using date function?
Answer 31: $second = date("s");

Questions 32: How can we convert the time zones using PHP?
Answer 32: By using date_default_timezone_get and date_default_timezone_set function on PHP 5.1.0
<?php
// Discover what 8am in Tokyo relates to on the East
Coast of the US
// Set the default timezone to Tokyo time:
date_default_timezone_set('Asia/Tokyo');
// Now generate the timestamp for that particular
timezone, on Jan 1st, 2000
$stamp = mktime(8, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2000);
// Now set the timezone back to US/Eastern
date_default_timezone_set('US/Eastern');
// Output the date in a standard format (RFC1123), this
will print:
// Fri, 31 Dec 1999 18:00:00 EST
echo '<p>', date(DATE_RFC1123, $stamp) ,'</p>';?>

Questions 33: What is meant by urlencode and urldocode?
Answer 33: URLencode returns a string in which all non-alphanumeric characters
except -_. have been replaced with a percent ( %)
sign followed by two hex digits and spaces encoded as plus (+)
signs. It is encoded the same way that the posted data from a WWW form
is encoded, that is the same way as in
application/x-www-form-urlencoded media type.
urldecode decodes any %##
encoding in the given string.

Questions 34: What is the difference between the functions unlink and unset?
Answer 34: unlink() deletes the given file from the file system. unset() makes a variable undefined.

Questions 35: How can we register the variables into a session?
Answer 35: $_SESSION['name'] = "sonia";

Questions 36: How can we get the properties (size, type, width, height) of an image using PHP image functions?
Answer 36:
To know the Image size use getimagesize () function
To know the Image type use exif_imagetype () function
To know the Image width use imagesx () function
To know the Image height use imagesy() function

Questions 37: How can we get the browser properties using PHP?
Answer 37: By using $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'] variable.

Questions 38: What is the maximum size of a file that can be uploaded using PHP and how can we change this?
Answer 38: By default the maximum size is 2MB. and we can change the following
setup at php.ini file upload_max_filesize = 2M

Questions 39: How can we increase the execution time of a PHP script?
Answer 39: by changing the following setup at php.ini file max_execution_time = 30; Maximum execution time of each script, in seconds

Questions 40: How can we take a backup of a MySQL table and how can we restore it.?
Answer 40:
To backup: BACKUP TABLE tbl_name[,tbl_nameâ€¦] TO
'/path/to/backup/directory'
RESTORE TABLE tbl_name[,tbl_nameâ€¦] FROM
'/path/to/backup/directory'mysqldump: Dumping Table Structure and DataUtility
to dump a database or a collection of database for backup or
for transferring the data to another SQL server (not necessarily a MySQL
server). The dump will contain SQL statements to create the table and/or
populate the table.
-t, â€“no-create-info
Don't write table creation information (the CREATE TABLE statement).
-d, â€“no-data
Don't write any row information for the table. This is very useful if
you just want to get a dump of the structure for a table!

Questions 41: How can we optimize or increase the speed of a MySQL select query?
Answer 41: first of all instead of using select * from table1, use select
column1, column2, column3.. from table1
Look for the opportunity to introduce index in the table you are
querying.
use limit keyword if you are looking for any specific number of
rows from the result set.

Questions 42: How many ways can we get the value of current session id?
Answer 42: session_id() returns the session id for the current session.

Questions 43: How can we destroy the session, how can we unset the variable of a session?
Answer 43: session_unregister â€” Unregister a global variable from the current session, session_unset â€” Free all session variables

Questions 44: How can we set and destroy the cookie in php?
Answer 44:
By using setcookie(name, value, expire, path, domain); function we can set the
cookie in php ;
Set the cookies in past for destroy. like
setcookie("user", "sonia", time()+3600); for set the cookie
setcookie("user", "", time()-3600); for destroy or delete the cookies;

Questions 45: How many ways we can pass the variable through the navigation between the pages?
Answer 45:GET/QueryString, POST

Questions 46: What is the difference between ereg_replace() and eregi_replace()?
Answer 46:
eregi_replace() function is identical to ereg_replace() except that
this ignores case distinction when matching alphabetic
characters.eregi_replace() function is identical to ereg_replace()
except that this ignores case distinction when matching alphabetic
characters.

Questions 47: What are the different functions in sorting an array?
Answer 47:
Sort(), arsort(),
asort(), ksort(),
natsort(), natcasesort(),
rsort(), usort(),
array_multisort(), and
uksort().

Questions 48: How can we know the count/number of elements of an array?
Answer 48: 2 ways
a) sizeof($urarray) This function is an alias of count()
b) count($urarray)

Questions 49: what is session_set_save_handler in PHP?
Answer 49: session_set_save_handler() sets the user-level session storage functions
which are used for storing and retrieving data associated with a session. This is
most useful when a storage method other than those supplied by PHP sessions is
preferred. i.e. Storing the session data in a local database.

Questions 50: How can I know that a variable is a number or not using a JavaScript?
Answer 50: bool is_numeric ( mixed var)
Returns TRUE if var is a number or a numeric string, FALSE otherwise.or use
isNaN(mixed var)The isNaN() function is used to check if a value is not a number.

Questions 51: List out some tools through which we can draw E-R diagrams for mysql.
Answer 51:Case Studio, Smart Draw

Questions 52: How can I retrieve values from one database server and store them in other database server using PHP?
Answer 52:
we can always fetch from one database and rewrite to another. here
is a nice solution of it.$db1 = mysql_connect("host","user","pwd")
mysql_select_db("db1", $db1);
$res1 = mysql_query("query",$db1);$db2 = mysql_connect("host","user","pwd")
mysql_select_db("db2", $db2);
$res2 = mysql_query("query",$db2);At this point you can only fetch records from
you previous ResultSet,
i.e $res1 â€“ But you cannot execute new query in $db1, even if you
supply the link as because the link was overwritten by the new db.so at this point
the following script will fail
$res3 = mysql_query("query",$db1); //this will failSo how to solve that?
take a look below.
$db1 = mysql_connect("host","user","pwd")
mysql_select_db("db1", $db1);
$res1 = mysql_query("query",$db1);
$db2 = mysql_connect("host","user","pwd", true)
mysql_select_db("db2", $db2);
$res2 = mysql_query("query",$db2);
So mysql_connect has another optional boolean parameter which
indicates whether a link will be created or not. as we connect to the
$db2 with this optional parameter set to 'true', so both link will
remain live.
now the following query will execute successfully.
$res3 = mysql_query("query",$db1);

Questions 53: List out the predefined classes in PHP?
Answer 53:
Directory
stdClass
__PHP_Incomplete_Class
exception
php_user_filter

Questions 54: How can I make a script that can be bi-language (supports English, German)?
Answer 54:
You can maintain two separate language file for each of the
language. all the labels are putted in both language files as variables
and assign those variables in the PHP source. on runtime choose the
required language option.

Questions 55: What are the difference between abstract class and interface?
Answer 55:
Abstract class: abstract classes are the class where one or more
methods are abstract but not necessarily all method has to be abstract.
Abstract methods are the methods, which are declare in its class but notdefine. The definition of those methods must be in its extending class.Interface:
Interfaces are one type of class where all the methods are
abstract. That means all the methods only declared but not defined. All
the methods must be define by its implemented class.

Questions 56: How can we send mail using JavaScript?
Answer 56:
JavaScript does not have any networking capabilities as it is
designed to work on client site. As a result we can not send mails using
JavaScript. But we can call the client side mail protocol mailto
via JavaScript to prompt for an email to send. this requires the client
to approve it.

Questions 57: How can we repair a MySQL table?
Answer 57:
The syntex for repairing a MySQL table is
REPAIR TABLENAME, [TABLENAME, ], [Quick],[Extended]
This command will repair the table specified if the quick is given the
MySQL will do a repair of only the index tree if the extended is given
it will create index row by row

Questions 58: What are the advantages of stored procedures, triggers, indexes?
Answer 58:
A stored procedure is a set of SQL commands that can be compiled and
stored in the server. Once this has been done, clients don't need to
keep re-issuing the entire query but can refer to the stored procedure.
This provides better overall performance because the query has to be
parsed only once, and less information needs to be sent between the
server and the client. You can also raise the conceptual level by having
libraries of functions in the server. However, stored procedures of
course do increase the load on the database server system, as more of
the work is done on the server side and less on the client (application)
side.Triggers will also be implemented. A trigger is effectively a type of
stored procedure, one that is invoked when a particular event occurs.
For example, you can install a stored procedure that is triggered each
time a record is deleted from a transaction table and that stored
procedure automatically deletes the corresponding customer from a
customer table when all his transactions are deleted.Indexes are used to find rows
with specific column values quickly.
Without an index, MySQL must begin with the first row and then read
through the entire table to find the relevant rows. The larger the
table, the more this costs. If the table has an index for the columns in
question, MySQL can quickly determine the position to seek to in the
middle of the data file without having to look at all the data. If a
table has 1,000 rows, this is at least 100 times faster than reading
sequentially. If you need to access most of the rows, it is faster to
read sequentially, because this minimizes disk seeks.

Questions 59: What is the maximum length of a table name, database name, and fieldname in MySQL?
Answer 59: The following table describes the maximum length for each type of identifier.

Identifier	Maximum Length(bytes)
Database	64
Table	64
Column	64
Index	64
Alias	255

There are some restrictions on the characters that may appear in identifiers:

Questions 60: How many values can the SET function of MySQL take?
Answer 60:
MySQL set can take zero or more values but at the maximum it can
take 64 values

Questions 61: What are the other commands to know the structure of table using MySQL commands except explain command?
Answer 61: describe Table-Name;

Questions 62: How many tables will create when we create table, what are they?
Answer 62:
The '.frm' file stores the table definition.
The data file has a '.MYD' (MYData) extension.
The index file has a '.MYI' (MYIndex) extension,

Questions 63: What is the purpose of the following files having extensions 1).frm 2).myd 3).myi? What do these files contain?
Answer 63: In MySql, the default table type is MyISAM.Each MyISAM table is stored on disk in three files. The files have names
that begin with the table name and have an extension to indicate the
file type.
The '.frm' file stores the table definition.
The data file has a '.MYD' (MYData) extension.
The index file has a '.MYI' (MYIndex) extension,

Questions 64: What is maximum size of a database in MySQL?
Answer 64: If the operating system or filesystem places a limit on the number
of files in a directory, MySQL is bound by that constraint.The efficiency of the
operating system in handling large numbers of
files in a directory can place a practical limit on the number of tables
in a database. If the time required to open a file in the directory
increases significantly as the number of files increases, database
performance can be adversely affected.
The amount of available disk space limits the number of tables.
MySQL 3.22 had a 4GB (4 gigabyte) limit on table size. With the MyISAM
storage engine in MySQL 3.23, the maximum table size was increased to
65536 terabytes (2567 â€“ 1 bytes). With this larger allowed table size,
the maximum effective table size for MySQL databases is usually
determined by operating system constraints on file sizes, not by MySQL
internal limits.The InnoDB storage engine maintains InnoDB tables within a
tablespace
that can be created from several files. This allows a table to exceed
the maximum individual file size. The tablespace can include raw disk
partitions, which allows extremely large tables. The maximum tablespace
size is 64TB.
The following table lists some examples of operating system file-size
limits. This is only a rough guide and is not intended to be definitive.
For the most up-to-date information, be sure to check the documentation
specific to your operating system.Operating System File-size LimitLinux 2.2-Intel 32-bit 2GB (LFS: 4GB)
Linux 2.4+ (using ext3 filesystem) 4TB
Solaris 9/10 16TB
NetWare w/NSS filesystem 8TB
Win32 w/ FAT/FAT32 2GB/4GB
Win32 w/ NTFS 2TB (possibly larger)
MacOS X w/ HFS+ 2TB

Questions 65: Give the syntax of Grant and Revoke commands?
Answer 65: The generic syntax for grant is as following
> GRANT [rights] on [database/s] TO [username@hostname] IDENTIFIED BY
[password]
now rights can be
a) All privileges
b) combination of create, drop, select, insert, update and delete etc.We can grant
rights on all databse by using *.* or some specific
database by database.* or a specific table by database.table_name
username@hotsname can be either username@localhost, username@hostname
and username@%
where hostname is any valid hostname and % represents any name, the *.*
any condition
password is simply the password of userThe generic syntax for revoke is as
following
> REVOKE [rights] on [database/s] FROM [username@hostname]
now rights can be as explained above
a) All privileges
b) combination of create, drop, select, insert, update and delete etc.
username@hotsname can be either username@localhost, username@hostname
and username@%
where hostname is any valid hostname and % represents any name, the *.*
any condition

Questions 66: Explain Normalization concept?
Answer 66:
The normalization process involves getting our data to conform to
three progressive normal forms, and a higher level of normalization
cannot be achieved until the previous levels have been achieved (there
are actually five normal forms, but the last two are mainly academic and
will not be discussed).First Normal FormThe First Normal Form (or 1NF) involves
removal of redundant data
from horizontal rows. We want to ensure that there is no duplication of
data in a given row, and that every column stores the least amount of
information possible (making the field atomic).Second Normal FormWhere the
First Normal Form deals with redundancy of data across a
horizontal row, Second Normal Form (or 2NF) deals with redundancy of
data in vertical columns. As stated earlier, the normal forms are
progressive, so to achieve Second Normal Form, your tables must already
be in First Normal Form.Third Normal Form
I have a confession to make; I do not often use Third Normal Form. In
Third Normal Form we are looking for data in our tables that is not
fully dependant on the primary key, but dependant on another value in
the table

Questions 67: How can we find the number of rows in a table using MySQL?
Answer 67: Use this for mysql
>SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table_name;

Questions 68: How can we find the number of rows in a result set using PHP?
Answer 68:
$result = mysql_query($sql, $db_link);
$num_rows = mysql_num_rows($result);
echo "$num_rows rows found";

Questions 69: How many ways we can we find the current date using MySQL?
Answer 69:
SELECT CURDATE();
CURRENT_DATE() = CURDATE()
for time use
SELECT CURTIME();
CURRENT_TIME() = CURTIME()

Questions 70: What are the advantages and disadvantages of Cascading Style Sheets?
Answer 70: External Style SheetsAdvantagesCan control styles for multiple documents at
once. Classes can be created for use on multiple HTML element types in many documents.
Selector and grouping methods can be used to apply styles under complex
contextsDisadvantagesAn extra download is required to import style information
for each
document The rendering of the document may be delayed until the external
style sheet is loaded Becomes slightly unwieldy for small quantities of
style definitionsEmbedded Style Sheets
Advantages
Classes can be created for use on multiple tag types in the document.
Selector and grouping methods can be used to apply styles under complex
contexts. No additional downloads necessary to receive style information
Disadvantages
This method can not control styles for multiple documents at once
Inline Styles
Advantages
Useful for small quantities of style definitions. Can override other
style specification methods at the local level so only exceptions need
to be listed in conjunction with other style methods
Disadvantages
Does not distance style information from content (a main goal of
SGML/HTML). Can not control styles for multiple documents at once.
Author can not create or control classes of elements to control multiple
element types within the document. Selector grouping methods can not be
used to create complex element addressing scenarios

Questions 71: What type of inheritance that PHP supports?
Answer 71: In PHP an extended class is always dependent on a single base class,
that is, multiple inheritance is not supported. Classes are extended
using the keyword 'extends'.

Questions 72: What is the difference between Primary Key and Unique key?
Answer 72:
Primary Key: A column in a table whose values uniquely identify the
rows in the table. A primary key value cannot be NULL.
Unique Key: Unique Keys are used to uniquely identify each row in the
table. There can be one and only one row for each unique key value. So
NULL can be a unique key.There can be only one primary key for a table but there
can be more than one unique for a table.

Question 73: what is garbage collection? default time ? refresh time?
Answer 73: Garbage Collection is an automated part of PHP , If the Garbage Collection process
runs, it then analyzes any files in the /tmp for any session files that have not been
accessed in a certain amount of time and physically deletes them. Garbage
Collection process only runs in the default session save directory, which is /tmp. If
you opt to save your sessions in a different directory, the Garbage Collection
process will ignore it. the Garbage Collection process does not differentiate
between which sessions belong to whom when run. This is especially important
note on shared web servers. If the process is run, it deletes ALL files that have not
been accessed in the directory. There are 3 PHP.ini variables, which deal with the
garbage collector: PHP ini value name default session.gc_maxlifetime 1440
seconds or 24 minutes session.gc_probability 1 session.gc_divisor 100

Questions 74: What are the advantages/disadvantages of MySQL and PHP?
Answer 74: Both of them are open source software (so free of cost), support
cross platform. php is faster then ASP and JSP.

Questions 75: What is the difference between GROUP BY and ORDER BY in Sql?
Answer 75:
ORDER BY [col1],[col2],â€¦,[coln]; Tels DBMS according to what columns
it should sort the result. If two rows will hawe the same value in col1
it will try to sort them according to col2 and so on.
GROUP BY [col1],[col2],â€¦,[coln]; Tels DBMS to group results with same value of
column col1. You can use COUNT(col1), SUM(col1), AVG(col1) with it, if
you want to count all items in group, sum all values or view average

Questions 76: What is the difference between char and varchar data types?
Answer 76: Set char to occupy n bytes and it will take n bytes even if u r
storing a value of n-m bytes
Set varchar to occupy n bytes and it will take only the required space
and will not use the n bytes
eg. name char(15) will waste 10 bytes if we store 'romharshan', if each char
takes a byte
eg. name varchar(15) will just use 5 bytes if we store 'romharshan', if each
char takes a byte. rest 10 bytes will be free.

Questions 77: What is the functionality of md5 function in PHP?
Answer 77:
Calculate the md5 hash of a string. The hash is a 32-character
hexadecimal number. I use it to generate keys which I use to identify
users etc. If I add random no techniques to it the md5 generated nowwill be totally different for the same string I am using.

Questions 78: How can I load data from a text file into a table?
Answer 78:you can use LOAD DATA INFILE file_name; syntax to load data
from a text file. but you have to make sure thata) data is delimited
b) columns and data matched correctly

Questions 79: How can we know the number of days between two given dates usingMySQL?
Answer 79:
SELECT DATEDIFF("2007-03-07","2005-01-01");

Questions 80: How can we know the number of days between two given dates usingPHP?
Answer 80:
$date1 = date("Y-m-d");
$date2 = "2006-08-15";
$days = (strtotime($date1) - strtotime($date2)) / (60 * 60 * 24);

Questions 81: How we load all classes that placed in different directory in one PHP File , means how to do auto load classes
Answer 81:
by using spl_autoload_register('autoloader::funtion');
Like below
class autoloader
{
public static function moduleautoloader($class)
{
$path = $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . "/modules/{$class}.php";
if (is_readable($path)) require $path;
}
public static function daoautoloader($class)
{
$path = $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . "/dataobjects/{$class}.php";
if (is_readable($path)) require $path;
}
public static function includesautoloader($class)
{
$path = $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . "/includes/{$class}.php";
if (is_readable($path)) require $path;
}}
spl_autoload_register('autoloader::includesautoloader');
spl_autoload_register('autoloader::daoautoloader');
spl_autoload_register('autoloader::moduleautoloader');

Questions 82: How many types of Inheritances used in PHP and how we achieve it
Answer 82: As far PHP concern it only support single Inheritance in scripting.
we can also use interface to achieve multiple inheritance.

Questions 83: PHP how to know user has read the email?
Answers 83: Using Disposition-Notification-To: in mailheader we can get read receipt.
Add the possibility to define a read receipt when sending an email.
Itâ€TMs quite straightforward, just edit email.php, and add this at vars definitions:
var $readReceipt = null;
And then, at â€ ̃createHeaderâ€TM function add:
if (!empty($this->readReceipt)) {
$this->__header .= â€ ̃Disposition-Notification-To: â€ ̃ . $this-
>__formatAddress($this->readReceipt) . $this->_newLine;
}

Questions 84: What are default session time and path?
Answers 84: default session time in PHP is 1440 seconds or 24 minutes Default session save path id temporary folder /tmp

Questions 85: how to track user logged out or not? when user is idle ?
Answers 85: By checking the session variable exist or not while loading th page. As the session
will exist longer as till browser closes. The default behaviour for sessions is to
keep a session open indefinitely and only to expire a session when the browser is
closed. This behaviour can be changed in the php.ini file by altering the line
session.cookie_lifetime = 0 to a value in seconds. If you wanted the session to
finish in 5 minutes you would set this to session.cookie_lifetime = 300 and restart
your httpd server.

Questions 86: how to track no of user logged in ?
Answers 86: whenever a user logs in track the IP, userID etc..and store it in a DB with a active
flag while log out or sesion expire make it inactive. At any time by counting the
no: of active records we can get the no: of visitors.

Questions 87: in PHP for pdf which library used?
Answers 87: The PDF functions in PHP can create PDF files using the PDFlib library With version 6, PDFlib offers an object-oriented API for PHP 5 in addition to the function-
oriented API for PHP 4. There is also the Â» Panda module. FPDF is a PHP class
which allows to generate PDF files with pure PHP, that is to say without using the
PDFlib library. F from FPDF stands for Free: you may use it for any kind of usage
and modify it to suit your needs. FPDF requires no extension (except zlib to
activate compression and GD for GIF support) and works with PHP4 and PHP5.

Questions 88: for image work which library?
Answers 88: we will need to compile PHP with the GD library of image functions for this to
work. GD and PHP may also require other libraries, depending on which image
formats you want to work with.

Questions 89: what is design pattern? singleton pattern?
Answers 89: A design pattern is a general reusable solution to a commonly occurring problem
in software design.
The Singleton design pattern allows many parts of a program to share a single
resource without having to work out the details of the sharing themselves.

Questions 90: what are magic methods?
Answers 90: Magic methods are the members functions that is available to all the instance of
class Magic methods always starts with "__". Eg. __construct All magic methods
needs to be declared as public To use magic method they should be defined within
the class or program scope Various Magic Methods used in PHP 5 are:
__construct() __destruct() __set() __get() __call() __toString() __sleep()
__wakeup() __isset() __unset() __autoload() __clone()

Questions 91: what is magic quotes?
Answers 91: Magic Quotes is a process that automagically escapes ncoming data to the PHP
script. Itâ€TMs preferred to code with magic quotes off and to instead escape the
data at runtime, as needed. This feature has been DEPRECATED as of PHP 5.3.0
and REMOVED as of PHP 6.0.0. Relying on this feature is highly discouraged.

Questions 92: what is cross site scripting? SQL injection?
Answers 92: Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a type of computer security vulnerability typically
found in web applications which allow code injection by malicious web users into
the web pages viewed by other users. Examples of such code include HTML code
and client-side scripts. SQL injection is a code injection technique that exploits a
security vulnerability occurring in the database layer of an application. The
vulnerability is present when user input is either incorrectly filtered for string
literal escape characters embedded in SQL statements or user input is not strongly
typed and thereby unexpectedly executed

Questions 93: what is URL rewriting?
Answers 93: Using URL rewriting we can convert dynamic URl to static URL Static URLs are
known to be better than Dynamic URLs because of a number of reasons 1. Static
URLs typically Rank better in Search Engines. 2. Search Engines are known to
index the content of dynamic pages a lot slower compared to static pages. 3.
Static URLs are always more friendlier looking to the End Users. along with this we
can use URL rewriting in adding variables [cookies] to the URL to handle the
sessions.

Questions 94: what is the major php security hole? how to avoid?
Answers 94:
1. Never include, require, or otherwise open a file with a filename based on user
input, without thoroughly checking it first.
2. Be careful with eval() Placing user-inputted values into the eval() function canbe extremely dangerous. You essentially give the malicious user the ability to
execute any command he or she wishes!
3. Be careful when using register_globals = ON It was originally designed to make
programming in PHP easier (and that it did), but misuse of it often led to security
holes
4. Never run unescaped queries
5. For protected areas, use sessions or validate the login every time.
6. If you donâ€TMt want the file contents to be seen, give the file a .php extension.

Questions 95: whether PHP supports Microsoft SQL server ?
Answers 95: The SQL Server Driver for PHP v1.0 is designed to enable reliable, scalable
integration with SQL Server for PHP applications deployed on the Windows
platform. The Driver for PHP is a PHP 5 extension that allows the reading and
writing of SQL Server data from within PHP scripts. using MSSQL or ODBC
modules we can access Microsoft SQL server.

Questions 96: what is MVC? why its been used?
Answers 96: Model-view-controller (MVC) is an architectural pattern used in software
engineering. Successful use of the pattern isolates business logic from user
interface considerations, resulting in an application where it is easier to modify
either the visual appearance of the application or the underlying business rules
without affecting the other. In MVC, the model represents the information (the
data) of the application; the view corresponds to elements of the user interface
such as text, checkbox items, and so forth; and the controller manages the
communication of data and the business rules used to manipulate the data to and
from the model. WHY ITS NEEDED IS 1 Modular separation of function 2 Easier to
maintain 3 View-Controller separation means:
A â€” Tweaking design (HTML) without altering code B â€” Web design staff can
modify UI without understanding code

Questions 97: what is framework? how it works? what is advantage?
Answers 97: In general, a framework is a real or conceptual structure intended to serve as a
support or guide for the building of something that expands the structure into
something useful. Advantages : Consistent Programming Model Direct Support for
Security Simplified Development Efforts Easy Application Deployment and
Maintenance

Questions 98: what is CURL?
Answers 98: CURL means Client URL Library
curl is a command line tool for transferring files with URL syntax, supporting FTP,
FTPS, HTTP, HTTPS, SCP, SFTP, TFTP, TELNET, DICT, LDAP, LDAPS and FILE. curl
supports SSL certificates, HTTP POST, HTTP PUT, FTP uploading, HTTP form based
upload, proxies, cookies, user+password authentication (Basic, Digest, NTLM,
Negotiate, kerberosâ€¦), file transfer resume, proxy tunneling and a busload of
other useful tricks.
CURL allows you to connect and communicate to many different types of servers
with many different types of protocols. libcurl currently supports the http, https,
ftp, gopher, telnet, dict, file, and ldap protocols. libcurl also supports HTTPS
certificates, HTTP POST, HTTP PUT, FTP uploading (this can also be done with
PHPâ€TMs ftp extension), HTTP form based upload, proxies, cookies, and
user+password authentication.

Questions 99: what is PDO ?
Answers 99: The PDO ( PHP Data Objects ) extension defines a lightweight, consistent interface
for accessing databases in PHP. if you are using the PDO API, you could switch the
database server you used, from say PgSQL to MySQL, and only need to make
minor changes to your PHP code.
While PDO has its advantages, such as a clean, simple, portable API but its main
disadvantage is that it doesn't allow you to use all of the advanced features that
are available in the latest versions of MySQL server. For example, PDO does not
allow you to use MySQL's support for Multiple Statements.
Just need to use below code for connect mysql using PDO
try {
$dbh = new PDO("mysql:host=$hostname;dbname=databasename", $username,
$password);
$sql = "SELECT * FROM employee";
foreach ($dbh->query($sql) as $row)
{
print $row['employee_name'] .' - '. $row['employee_age'] ;
}
}
catch(PDOException $e)
{
echo $e->getMessage();
}

Questions 100: What is PHP's mysqli Extension?
Answers 100: The mysqli extension, or as it is sometimes known, the MySQL improved
extension, was developed to take advantage of new features found in MySQL
systems versions 4.1.3 and newer. The mysqli extension is included with PHP
versions 5 and later.
The mysqli extension has a number of benefits, the key enhancements over the
mysql extension being:
=>Object-oriented interface
=>Support for Prepared Statements
=>Support for Multiple Statements
=>Support for Transactions
=>Enhanced debugging capabilities
=>Embedded server support

Force users to use the WWW or Non-WWW of your domain

2013-05-29T12:07:00.000+05:30

To avoid duplicate content in search engines you can force users to use either the www or the non-www version of your website domain. This avoids search engines such as Google indexing two versions of your domain, something which is quite common because people link to both www and on-www versions of a domain (known as the www/non-www canonical issue).

It really doesn’t matter if you use www.yoursite.com or yoursite.com. I personally use www on most sites I own however many people prefer to drop it, it’s really up to you.

Force users to use http://www.yoursite.com

To force users to use the www version of your domain all you have to do is add the following code to your .htaccess file (just replace yoursite.com with your domain name).

# Redirect non-www urls to www
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\.yoursite\.com
RewriteRule (.*) http://www.yoursite.com/$1 [R=301,L]

Alternatively you can use :


# Redirect non-www urls to www
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^example\.com [NC]
RewriteRule (.*) http://www.example.com/$1 [R=301,L]

Force users to use http://yoursite.com

To force users to use the non www version of your domain all you have to do is add the following code to your .htaccess file (just replace yoursite.com with your domain name).

# Redirect www urls to non-www
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.yoursite\.com [NC]
RewriteRule (.*) http://yoursite.com/$1 [R=301,L]

Alternatively you can use :


# Redirect www urls to non-www
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^example\.com
RewriteRule (.*) http://example.com/$1 [R=301,L]

Breaking down Amazon’s mega dropdown

2013-05-28T11:39:00.003+05:30

The hover effects on Amazon’s big “Shop by Department” mega dropdown are super fast. Look it how quick each submenu fills in as your mouse moves down the list:

Click Here for more details.

Download Demo from GitHub.

Extra Working in Office – Narayan Murthy

2013-05-23T18:44:00.000+05:30

It’s half past 8 in the office but the lights are still on. PCs still running, coffee machines still buzzing. And who’s at work? Most of them ???
Take a closer look. All or most specimens are ??
Something male species of the human race.
Look closer, again all or most of them are bachelor.

And why are they sitting late? Working hard? No way!!!

Any guesses???

Let’s ask one of them.

Here’s what he says

What’s there to do after going home. Here we get to surf, AC, phone, food, coffee that is why I am working late. Importantly no boss!!!

This is the scene in most research centers and software companies and other off-shore offices.

Bachelors ‘Passing-Time’ during late hours in the office just because they say they have nothing else to do.

Now what are the consequences:-

‘Working’ (for the record only) late hours soon becomes part of the institute or company culture.

With bosses more than eager to provide support to those ‘working’ late in the form of taxi vouchers, food vouchers and of course good feedback, (oh, he’s a hard worker, goes home only to change!!).
They aren’t helping things too.

To hell with bosses who don’t understand the difference between ‘sitting’ late and ‘working’ late!!!

Very soon, the boss start expecting all employees to put in extra working hours.

So, My dear Bachelors let me tell you, life changes when u get married and start having a family. Office is no longer a priority, family is and
that’s when the problem starts because you start having commitments at home too.

For your boss, the earlier ‘hardworking’ guy suddenly seems to become a ‘early leaver’ even if u leave an hour after regular time after doing the same amount of work.

People leaving on time after doing their tasks for the day are labelled as work-shirkers.

Girls who thankfully always (its changing nowadays though) leave on time are labelled as ‘not up to it’. All the while, the bachelors pat their own backs and carry on ‘working’ not realizing that they are spoiling the work culture at their own place and never realize that they would have to regret at one point of time.

So what’s the moral of the story??

* Very clear, LEAVE ON TIME!!!
* Never put in extra time ‘ unless really needed ‘
* Don’t stay back unnecessarily and spoil your company work culture which will in turn cause inconvenience to you and your colleagues.

There are hundred other things to do in the evening.

Learn music.

Learn a foreign language.

Try a sport:- TT, cricket,etc.

Importantly,get a girl friend or boy friend, take him/her around town.

* And for heaven’s sake, net cafe rates have dropped to an all-time low (plus, no fire-walls).

Try cooking for a change.

Take a tip from the Smirnoff ad: *’Life’s calling, where are you??’*

IT’S A TYPICAL INDIAN MENTALITY THAT WORKING FOR LONG HOURS MEANS VERY HARD WORKING & 100% COMMITMENT.

PEOPLE WHO REGULARLY SIT LATE IN THE OFFICE DON’T KNOW TO MANAGE THEIR TIME. SIMPLE !

HTML5 and CSS3

2013-05-22T20:01:00.000+05:30

Learn HTML5 & CSS3...??????

There are lots of sites to learn HTML5 and CSS3.
You will be surprise to see the following site that providing best examples of HTML5 and CSS3.

Easy way of learing
audio/visual coding with output.
examples

http://thecodeplayer.com/

jQuery validation Engine Demo

2013-05-22T13:11:00.000+05:30

jQuery validation engine is a Javascript plugin for the validation of form fields in the browser (IE 6-8, Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Opera 10).

You can Find the demo and instruction how to use from the following link.

http://www.position-relative.net/creation/formValidator/index.html

Download Demo

Funny Software Shayari

2012-06-07T15:01:00.000+05:30

mere... Company kee ladkiyaan sunder hain Aur lonely hain...
Problem ye hai ki bus voh READ-ONLY hain...

Shayad mere pyar ko taste Karna bhool gaye...
Dil sey aisa CUT kiya ke PASTE karna bhool gaye..

Tumhare samne hain itney items Kabhi hame bhi pick karo...
Hamare pyar ke ICON pe Kabhi to tum DOUBLE-CLICK karo...

Roz subha hum karte hai Itne pyar se unhe good morning...
Woh humhe ghoor kar dekhte hain Jaise 0 ERRORS but 5 WARNINGS...

Ho gayi galti humse, Click ho gaya mouse
Duniya ki parwaah chhodo, ban jaao meri spouse!
Tumse mila main kal to, Mere dil mein hua ek sound,
Lekin aaj tum mili To kehti ho: Your file not found!

Ab aur kaho na tum, "but" ya "if"
Tum ho meri zindagi ki animated gif

Aysa bhi nahin hai ke, I don't likeyour face
Par dil ke computer mein, Nahin hai enough disk space

Ghar se nikalti ho tum jab, Pehen ke evening gown
Too many requests se, Ho jaata hai server down

Tumhaare liye pyaar ki application, Create main karoonga
Tum usse debug karna, Wait main karoonga

Tumhaara intezaar karte karte, Main so gaya
Yeh dekho mera connection, Time out ho gaya

Kya chaal hai tumhaari, Jaise chalti hai koi cat
What is your ICQ number, Aao karein chat

Tum jabse meri zindagi, mein aayi ho banke female,
Yaad raha na ab kuch, Na postman , Na e-Mail

Joh sadiyaon se hota aaya hai Woh repeat kar doonga...
Tu naa mili to tujhko dil sey Ctrl+Alt+Delete kar doonga...

Humse Kya Khata Hui Ki message Aanna Band Hai.......
Aap hi humse naraz hain ya Web Server band hai.......

Badli hai duniya , kuchch mein bhi badal gaya hoon
Pahle bekaar tha ab S/W Programmer ban gaya hoon

VC aaye to VB mein daal do,
VC aaye to VB mein daal do
seedhe seedhe sabko museebat mein daal do

Project extend ho gaya to kya ho jaata hai?
Are Tankha milti hai aur timepass ho jata hai..
teri yaad me sanam raat bhar humne to wine piya
teri yaad me sanam raat bhar humne to wine piya
kabhi offline to kabhi online piya

Pyar ke sitaare jab gardish mein hote hai
Pyar ke sitaare jab gardish mein hote hai
Laila ghar mein aur majnoo project testing kar rahe hote hai