amphibians

Muscular system of the frog (Ventral View)

2012-08-04T06:39:00.002-07:00

Muscular system of the frog (Ventral View)

Muscular system of the frog (Dorsal View)

2012-08-04T06:36:00.002-07:00

Muscular system of the frog (Dorsal View)

Frog Limbs

2012-08-04T06:32:00.002-07:00

Frog Limbs

Pectoral Girdle and Pelvic Girdle of the frog

2012-08-04T06:27:00.002-07:00

Pectoral Girdle and Pelvic Girdle of the frog

Lower jaw and Hyoid apparatus of the frog

2012-08-04T06:23:00.002-07:00

Lower jaw and Hyoid apparatus of the frog

Frog Skull

2012-08-04T06:20:00.004-07:00

Frog Skull

Frog Vertebrae

2012-07-26T06:11:00.001-07:00

Frog Vertebrae

Vertebral Column of the Frog

2012-07-26T06:09:00.001-07:00

Vertebral Column of the Frog: Dorsal View

Skeletal System of the Frog

2012-07-25T07:58:00.001-07:00

Skeletal System of the Frog

Male and Female Frog Ventral View

2012-07-25T07:54:00.002-07:00

Male and Female Frog Ventral View

External Anatomy of the Frog

2012-07-25T07:34:00.003-07:00

External Anatomy of the Frog

Atlas of the Frog: All Systems

2012-06-28T06:29:00.001-07:00

Philippine crocodile

2011-02-25T02:06:00.000-08:00

Also known as the Mindoro crocodile and the Philippine freshwater crocodile. Growing no more than 3 meters, they have a relatively broad snout and thick bony plates on its back(heavy dorsal armor). Females are slightly smaller than males. Philippine crocodiles are golden-brown in color, which darkens as it matures. This species of crocodile is one of the most severely threatened species around. There are probably less than 100 non-hatchling Philippine crocodiles surviving in the wild.

The Philippine crocodile have been found in Samar, Jolo, Negros Island, Masbate, and Busuanga. There are still surviving population in the Northern Sierra Madre National Park, San Mariano, Isabela, Dalupiri island in the Babuyan Islands, and Abra (province) in Luzon and Ligawasan Marsh in Mindanao.

CLICK THE LINK BELOW TO DOWNLOAD CLASS AVES LECTURES

2011-02-07T18:23:00.000-08:00

HERE'S THE LINK >>>> CLASS AVES LECTURE

CHARACTERISTICS OF AMPHIBIANS

2011-01-12T23:21:00.000-08:00

By: Mehmet K. ATATÜR, B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D. & Bayram GÖÇMEN, B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D

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Amphibians are a class of vertebrates between fishes and reptiles, resembling in some aspects the fishes and in some others the higher groups; i.e., amphibian embryos resemble those of fishes and their usual four limbs are similar to those of terrestrial vertebrates. Amphibia (Greek Amphibios) means “living a double life”. They live in water during an early stage of development and on land during the adult stage, but always dependent on water. They are thought to be originated from fish-like ancestors but then adapted to a living on land; for example, the adults have legs instead of paired fins, the gills of larvae disappear and the adults develop lungs.

The skin of an amphibian is naked; i.e., it does not contain scales, feathers or hairs; it is always kept moist by secretions of a lot of skin glands, some of which are poison glands.

Adult amphibians are carnivorous; insects, earthworms and some land snails being their main diet. While in their larval stages urodeles are carnivorous but anurans are herbivorous.

They usually metamorphose during their development; i.e., after the embryo they experience a larval stage, the duration of which is dependent on species, also on temperature and some other extrinsic conditions.

The urodeles exhibit various lively colours, while in anurans the colouration is in accordance with the environment. For example, Bufo viridis (Green Toad) is so well camouflaged in its environment, one notices it only when it jumps away.

Amphibians can not tolerate aridness and salinity in their environments. That is why they do not live in the seas and would not survive if their skins become dry.

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Skeleton of a frog: web-footed amphibian which lives near lakes and ponds. Moves by swimming and jumping.
Maxillary: bony part of the jaw.
Orbital cavity: skull cavity that contains the eye.
Quadratojugal: cheek bone.
Prootic: bones forming the auditory region.
Phalange: each of the small bones forming the fingers.
Occipital lateral: occipital lateral bone.
Carpus: each of the bones forming the wrist.
Metacarpus: each of the bones forming the part of the hand between the fingers and the wrist.
Urostyle: adaptation of one or several vertebrae, stretching the hindquarters.
Ilium: projecting hip bone.
Ischium: one of three bones forming the ilium.
Calcaneum: projecting heel bone.
Talus: bone jointed with the leg bones.
Phalanges: each of the bones forming the toes.
Metatarsus: each of the bones forming the part of the foot between the toes and the heel.
Tarsus: each of the bones forming the heel.
Femur: thigh bone.
Tibiofibula: leg bone.
Sacral vertebra: vertebra of the sacrum.
Vertebra: each of the bones forming the spinal column.
Humerus: arm bone.
Radio-ulna: forearm bone.
Scapular: shoulder bone.
Pterygoid: one of the bones of the palate, forming the root of the mouth.
Skull: bony case of the brain

other sources:

2005-2009 - Bernard Dery

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