World Museum Guide

Getty Villa

2010-09-10T04:22:00.000-07:00

1911 Director Thomas Ince created his Western film factory ", Inceville" which at its peak employed nearly 600 people. A decade later, bought the Rev. Charles H. Scott and the Southern California Methodist Episcopal Church, the country, founded in 1922 Scott Pacific Palisades, imagination an elaborate religious and spiritual community. Believers snapped choice lots and lived in tents during construction. Until 1925, the Palisades had 100 homes. In one subdivision, streets were named for Methodist missionaries. The tents were eventually replaced by cabins, then by bungalows, and ultimately by multimillion-dollar homes.
For many decades there was a virtual ban on alcohol consumption in the area, and a Chinese restaurant, House of Lee's, only instead of striking liquor license. The Presbyterian Church originally owned a conference center in Temescal Canyon before it was sold, became, at Temescal Gateway Park.

Areas

    * The Alphabet Streets as the "North Village known ', north of Sunset Blvd. and are characterized by narrow alleys. The street names are named sequentially, beginning with A, B, C, D, etc - hence the name Alphabet Streets. The streets are for the Bishops of the Methodist name of the late 19th and early 20 Century. It is a popular destination for trick-or-treaters on Halloween.
    * The Bluffs are more out-of-town west along Sunset Boulevard and Palisades Charter High School run past and the Via de La Paz, they extend over a longer distance between Sunset Blvd. and the Palisades Bluffs.
    * Castellammare is on small bluffs next to the sea. The narrow, winding streets have Italian names. It is home to the Getty Villa. It is located where Sunset Blvd meets Pacific Coast Highway.
    * Huntington Palisades, near the "village" is proper and is more of a typical suburb. It is located south of Sunset Blvd.
    * Marquez Knolls is a large area of homes, renowned for its spectacular sea views and will continue west on Sunset Blvd upslope situated on a mountain. The lower upslope was the first time in the early 1950s and the mid-1960s by the Earl Lachman family developed. Marquez Elementary services the neighborhood along with a small shopping center on Marquez Street and Sunset Blvd.
    * Palisades Highlands is a township near the end of Sunset Blvd. Topanga borders. About five minutes from the center of Pacific Palisades, the Palisades may Village, the Highlands to be almost as their own separate community.
    * The Coast and the Riviera Country Club, a high-end country club, and roads named after different locations in the French and Italian Riviera. The neighborhood is divided into north and south sections by Sunset Boulevard. It borders Santa Monica and Brentwood.
    * Rustic Canyon features post-war homes on the former territory of the Polo Uplifter located, the original site of The Uplift clubhouse (now City Park) and the cabins as second homes and weekend retreats designed. This area is also known as Uplifter's Ranch. Located off Sunset Blvd. Between the Riviera and Huntington Palisades. Above the canyon lies Will Rogers State Historic Park [1].
    * The Village is a small Central Business District "on Sunset Boulevard, consisting of restaurants, shops, banks and offices. Known stores in The Village include Norris Hardware (originally the Theatre Bay), Cathay Palisades (formerly Fein's Deli) , black ink, PaliSkate, Sylvia's Skin Studio, Benton's Sporting Goods and Village Books.
Demographics
In 2009, the Los Angeles Times "Mapping LA" Pacific Palisades project provides these statistics: Population: 23 940; average household income: $ 168,008 [2].
Government and Infrastructure
The most important group within the bourgeois is the Palisades Pacific Palisades Community Council. The Pacific Palisades Council generally meets twice monthly to a wide range of issues, discuss the impact its residents. The Council rejected the city has become an official part of the city and draws its independent, non-aligned status. One of the main reasons that the Council members cite is the fear that they lose the power to sue the city.

Local Government
The community is in District 11 of the City Council. From 2008 Bill Rosendahl represents the district. [3]
Los Angeles Fire Department operates two fire stations serving Pacific Palisades. Station 69 at 15 045 West Sunset Boulevard Pacific Palisades, and serves the Pacific coast. [4] station is 23 in 17 281 West Sunset Boulevard to the Palisades Highlands, Castellammare and the Pacific Coast [5].
Los Angeles Police Department operates the West Los Angeles Community Police Station at 1663 Butler Avenue serve, 90 025, the neighborhood [6].
County, state and federal level, represented
Pacific Palisades is in third District Los Angeles County. From 2008 provides Zev Yaroslavsky] District [7th
The Los Angeles County Department of Health Services SPA 5 West Area Health Office is Pacific Palisades. The department operates the Simms / Mann Health and Wellness Center in Santa Monica, Pacific Palisades served Pacific Palisades within District 41 of the California State Assembly. From 2008 is Julia Brownley District . Pacific Palisades within District 23 of the California Senate, from 2008, Sheila Kuehl represents the district. The community is part of the State Board of Equalization District 4, represented by Judy Chu of 2008 The community is within 30 Congressional District of California. From 2008 is Henry Waxman of the district. The United States Postal Service operates the Pacific Palisades Post Office on 15 243 La Cruz Drive and Sunset Boulevard West 15 209.

Education
Palisades Charter High School
Residents are zoned to Los Angeles Unified School District schools. The area is in District 4 Board. [16] From 2008 Marlene Canter is the county [17]. Canter announced that it will not seek re-election after the expiry of its term in June 2009 [18].
Some residents are in Pacific Palisades Elementary School assigned, some residents are assigned to Canyon Elementary School, and some are assigned to Marquez Elementary School. All residents are to worship Charter Middle School, Palisades Charter High School zoned. [19] [20]

    * Canyon Elementary School opened in 1910
    * Pacific Palisades Elementary opened in 1922
    * Marquez Elementary School opened in 1955
    * Paul Revere Middle School was the first time as Palisades-Brentwood Junior High School on 12 September 1955, he chose his current name during the first year of operation. It was an internal charter in 1994
* Palisades High School opened in 1961 . Palisades received a charter in 1994 [26].
Private schools in the area include:

    * Calvary Christian (K-8) [2]
    * Village School [3] (in K-6)
    * Corpus Christi (K-8)
    * St. Matthew's Parish School (K-8)
    * 7 Arrows (K-6)
    * Westside Waldorf (K-8)
[Edit] Public libraries
Los Angeles Public Library operates the Palisades Branch at 861 Alma Real Drive [27].
Media
The only newspaper that is directly in the service of the Palisades Palisadian-Post. The community was served by two papers, until they merged in the 1970s. The papers, was The Palisades Post and the Palisadian, the Palisadian-Post. Unlike most weekly newspapers on the Westside of Los Angeles, is the post on a subscription basis. The paper will be heard by the Small Newspaper Group, a Midwest chain of the media. The little family bought the post from longtime owner / operator of the Browns in the early 1980s. Roberta Donahue is the editor of the paper and Bill Bruns is editor in chief.

    * Los Angeles Times is the city-wide newspaper.
    * Palisadian-Post is a local community newspaper.
[Edit] Parks and Recreation

    * The Los Angeles Department of Recreation Parks and operates several recreational facilities in Pacific Palisades 851 Alma Real drive. Palisades Park, at that address, has 117 acres (0.47 km2) of the country. [28] Palisades Recreation Center, also at this address has fireplaces, four baseball (two lighted and two unlighted), lighted basketball (indoor and outdoor service), a playground, an American football field, a gym (no weights be), picnic tables, illuminated tennis courts, volleyball and lighted. The facility also has a kitchen, a stage, a TV area and several planned sporting and non-sporting activities. The Pacific Palisades Tennis Court, even at that address has eight courts
    * Rustic Canyon Park Rustic Canyon Road along. The Rustic Canyon Pool is 601 Latimer Road. The Rustic Canyon Recreation Center is located at the same address, has one with a capacity of 150 persons, which can be used as an auditorium, a gymnasium or a volleyball field. The center also has fireplaces, one unlighted baseball, basketball (indoor and unlighted outdoor lighted), a playground, a gym (no weights available), picnic tables and beach volleyball (lit and unlit).
    * Temescal Canyon Park is a non-occupied "Pocket Park" at 15 900 Pacific Coast Highway. The park has fire pits, a playground, picnic tables, hiking trails, a native garden, and toilets. [34] Santa Ynez Canyon Park is located in Palisades Drive and Avenida de Santa Ynez [35]. Rivas Canyon Park is located at the eastern terminus of the Oracle PL
    * Will Rogers State Historic Park and Polo Club. [37] During Will Rogers made his home in Beverly Hills late twenties, in 1922, he bought a large plot of nearly 200 acres (0.81 km2) of land to build a weekend home before sunset. He built a polo field on the property in 1926 and 1928, he and his family to her home. died in 1944, according to Will Rogers, the ranch was a State Park in the interest of conservation, the home is maintained as it was, including the fixtures and equipment. It is open to the public on most days except major holidays, even though the approval is necessary. The tip of the ownership of the track contains views of the sea and the city.
Places

    * The Eames House 1949 home and studio of husband and wife design pioneers Charles and Ray Eames.
    * The Getty Villa The most famous attraction in the Palisades, the J. Paul Getty Getty Villa. The museum incorrectly states that it is of the Getty Villa Malibu, but it is a part of the Palisades, which is in the city of Los Angeles.
    * Villa Aurora An artist residence and cultural monument in the former home of the exiled German-Jewish writer Lion Feuchtwanger and his wife Marta station.
    * Self-Realization Fellowship Lake Shrine of Paramahansa Yogananda founded in 1950.
Location

    * The 2005 Anne Hathaway, Bijou Phillips Havoc film was set and filmed in the Palisades in Palisades Charter High School.
    * The 2003 Disney film Freaky Friday with Jamie Lee Curtis and Lindsay Lohan was filmed at Palisades Charter High School.
    * The 2001 film Crazy / Beautiful with Kirsten Dunst was filmed at Palisades Charter High School.
    * The 1977 NBC TV program at 16 James, Lance Kerwin was filmed at the same school, which was then called the Palisades High School, or better known as the "Pali" high.
    * The 1976 movie Carrie was also shot at Palisades High School.
    * Food Network's Everyday Italian is filmed on El Medio.
    * The television series Baywatch Lifeguard Headquarters Tower 15 was filmed by Will Rogers State Beach in Pacific Palisades.
    * The TV series Rockford Files was often filmed in and around the Palisades in the 1970s.
    * The Popular TV Series filmed at Palisades High School
    * The first season the residence of the TV series "The Golden Girls" was a house in Pacific Palisades. For subsequent seasons, a facade house on the Disney / MGM was rebuilt much. [38]
    * The HBO series "Curb Your Enthusiasm is filmed in real life residence of character, Larry David.

The Armand Hammer Museum in California

2010-09-10T04:03:00.000-07:00

The Armand Hammer Museum of Art and Culture Center, or the Hammer Museum, as it is commonly known, is a museum in Los Angeles, California. It is operated by the UCLA School of the Arts and Architecture.

Summary

The hammer includes a small collection of Impressionist and Post-Impressionism. The museum houses more than 7,500 works by Honoré Daumier French satirist, the largest collection outside of Paris. In recent years, the hammer has become known for its collection of contemporary works of art on paper known. It also has fine paintings by Rembrandt, Titian and Chardin.[Edit] History
The museum was by Armand Hammer, the late CEO of Occidental Petroleum Corporation, founded as a place to display his extensive art collection. Mr. Hammer died 15 days after the museum opened to the public in November 1990. Mr. Hammer was a Los Angeles County Museum of Art board member for almost 20 years, starting in 1968, and during that time had promised his extensive collection of the museum. To LACMA surprise hammer instead he founded his own museum, built next to Occidental's headquarters and designed by the architect Edward Larrabee Barnes.
The Hammer presents key single-artist and thematic exhibitions of historical and contemporary art produced by their curators or prepared in cooperation with other institutions. The Hammer also has approximately ten Hammer Projects each year with international and local artists with a laboratory-like environment to create new work or present existing work in a fresh context. The hammer is a cultural center that offers a wide mix of free public programs throughout the year is over, presentations, lectures, symposia, film screenings, music events and other events. The Billy Wilder Theater at the Hammer Museum, opened in late 2006. The venue is the Hammer public programs and also the new home of the UCLA Film & Television Archive is well-known film library

The building was for $ 60,000,000 and the original endowment was $ 38,000,000 built. Hammer Occidental convinced the entire cost on the grounds that the museum would enhance the reputation of the company to finance. Occidental shareholders sued as a waste of corporate assets.

Controversy

In 1994, the Hammer Museum made headlines through the sale of Leonardo da Vinci's Codex Leicester to Microsoft founder Bill Gates for $ 30,800,000. The Codex Leicester was one of the proudest acquisitions, Mr. Hammer in 1980 for $ 5,120,000, one, he tried unsuccessfully to buy the Codex Hammer rename. Most museums have a collection of guides to be used deaccessing art, the profits from the sale are needed for future acquisitions. The Hammer Museum sold the 72 alternative scientific notebook page, the museum's exhibitions and programs to fund.

Management

In 1994 took over management of the UCLA Hammer Museum, the Armand Hammer Foundation maintain some control, recover, including a "reversionary clause" granting the rights to the Foundation's art collection and some of the Endowment Fund. The museum had long desired to remove these clauses.
On 19 January 2007, the Hammer Museum and the Armand Hammer Foundation agreed to dissolve their relationships, division of the estimated remaining 195 objects, which founded the museum, the foundation of maintaining 92 paintings on $ 55,000,000, while maintaining the museum objects 103 to 250 million $ estimated.

Museum of Toys and Automata in Verdú

2010-09-10T00:56:00.000-07:00

The Museum of Toys and Automata (in Catalan Museu de Joguet machines i) is a toy vending machine & Museum in Verdú, Lleida, 100 km west of Barcelona. It creates a collection of more than a thousand objects in a building with unique architecture. It is one of the most important museums of its kind

The exhibition
The museum was opened in 2004. Most objects are part of the collection of Manel Mayoral created. It is in an old house at number 23 in the village square housed. It is distributed in three floors with an area of more than 2000 square meters. The collection is characterized by fair attractions, bicycles, table football, tin toys, cars formed with pedals, posters, scooters, games, Automata ...
The exhibition offers a fascinating journey through memories, illusions and experience of the collector. The memory is the subtle thread of this set of objects, but also of the museum.

The building
The building that houses the museum is located at number 23 of the Plaça Major by Verdú in the center of the city's social life, and it used to be a headquarters popularly known as "Cal Jan".
Cal Jan was in the 15th Century built than any other building in the same street, and even then an important house was Verdú. The falls from balconies on the first floor are an example of early architecture of the 17th Century. In fact, there is an inscription on the facade from the year 1695, the year the house will be rebuilt.
It was like a house in the middle of the 20th Century, used, and in 1999 it was decided to start its transformation into a museum.
In order to adapt the building to its new use, it has a complete rethinking of its distribution, as well as the addition of a neighboring site were. A ramp connects the four floors were built. The conversion was no architectural barriers, which resulted in an impressive construction done.
Related information: - Total area: 2.075 m2 - 1895 m2 Building area - were used: 1,000 tons of rock 224 tonnes of concrete 55 tons of iron 20 km 1.000 m electric cable wire wooden pipes 500 m2 400 m2 glass

Information
From its opening, the Museum of temporary exhibitions has performed at the same time, from the museum, they offer the rental of twenty temporary exhibitions, for any type of cultural institutions and centers of leisure.
Guided visits are organized by the Museum and Verdú has educational workshops for groups, he rents his equipment to carry out photographic reports and viewing of television. She also has a shop of toys and products of the area.
From its opening, the museum is a social, cultural and tourist phenomenon in Catalonia and in the route of the Cistercians, for the large number of visitors that it receives each year and for the transcendence of the measures.

Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago

2010-09-10T00:49:00.000-07:00

The Museum of Science and Industry (MSI) in Chicago, Illinois in Jackson Park, Hyde Park in the neighborhood adjacent to Lake Michigan. It is housed in the former Palace of Fine Arts from 1893 World's Fair. Originally from Sears, Roebuck and Company president and philanthropist Julius Rosenwald, it is only opened in 1933 during the Century of Progress Exposition doped. It is also the largest science museum in the western hemisphere.
Among his diverse and extensive exhibits, the museum offers a working coal mine, a German U-boat (U-505) during the Second World War, a 3,500-square-foot (330 m2) model, the first diesel powered streamlined powered conquered stainless-steel passenger train ( Pioneer Zephyr) and a space probe of NASA used on the Apollo 8 mission.
Based on 2006 attendance, the Museum of Science and Industry was the fourth largest cultural attraction in Chicago. He climbed to second place, 2007 is based participation.
David R. Mosena president and CEO of the museum since 1998

History

The Palace of Fine Arts (also known as the Fine Arts Building) at 1893 World's Columbian Exposition was designed by Charles B. Atwood. Unlike the other "White City" building was constructed with a brick substructure under its plaster facade. After the world exhibition, which it first Columbian Museum, housed in the the Field Museum of Natural History developed. If a new building opened near Field Museum of Chicago in 1920, moved the museum organization and the former site remained vacant.
Art Institute of Chicago professor Lorado Taft led a public campaign to restore the building and in another kind of museum, one devoted to sculpture. The South Park Commissioners (now part of the Chicago Park District) won approval in a referendum to sell $ 5,000,000 in bonds to apply for restoration costs in the hope of the building into a sculpture museum, a technical trade, schools, and other things. But after a few years the building has been selected as the site for a new Science Museum.
At this time, the Commercial Club of Chicago was interested in creating a science museum in Chicago. Sears, Roebuck and Company president and philanthropist Julius Rosenwald's Club members by pledging to $ 3,000,000 to the cost of conversion of the Palace of Fine Arts (Rosenwald was finally paying more than $ 5,000,000 for the project attracted). During his transformation into the MSI, the exterior of the building has been poured into new limestone, retaining its 1893 Beaux Arts look, while the interior was replaced with a new designed Art Moderne style by Alfred P. Shaw.
Rosenwald established organization of the museum in 1926 and insisted that his name not appear on the building, but for the early years of the museum, it was known as the Rosenwald Industrial Museum. In 1928, the name of the museum at the Museum of Science and Industry changed. Rosenwald's vision was an interactive museum in the style of the Deutsches Museum in Munich / Germany, a museum in 1911, he visited when he was on vacation with his family in Germany to create.The Museum's Christmas Around the World Exhibition
The museum conducted a nationwide search for his first director to be found. In the end, MSI Board of Directors elected because he Waldemar Kaempffert Julius Rosenwald shared vision. Kaempffert was the science editor for The New York Times. He assembled the museum's first curatorial staff and began to organize and build the exhibits. For the planning and preparation of the museum, Kaempffert and his staff visited the German Museum in Munich, the Science Museum in Kensington, and the Technical Museum in Vienna, all of which served as models for the MSI. Kaempffert was also instrumental in the development closely with the science departments of the University of Chicago, a lot comes from the scholarship for the exhibits. Kaempffert occurred in early 1931 amid growing disputes with the second President of the Board of its objectivity and neutrality of the exhibits and his management staff.
The new Museum of Science and Industry to the public in three stages between 1933 and 1940. The first opening took place during the Century of Progress Exposition. Two of the museum's president, a number of curators and other staff members, and exhibits came from the MSI Century of Progress event.
For years, visitors to the museum through its original main entrance. However, it proved too small to handle a large number of people. The new main entrance is a structure from the main museum building, through which visitors descend into an underground room then up again into the main building, dissolved in a similar way as the Louvre pyramid.

Exhibits

Foucault pendulumA United 727
The museum displays more than 2,000 exhibits in 75 large halls. The museum has several major permanent exhibition. The mine re-created a working deep shaft coal mine in Central Pavilion inside the museum with the original equipment from Old Ben # 17 circa 1933rd Since 1954, the museum has the U-505 submarine, one of only two German U-boats in World War II had captured, and the only one caught now on display in the Western Hemisphere. In 2004, the museum has a hole opened in the front garden in front of the East Pavilion, which would later underground McCormick Tribune Foundation will exhibit hall, the U-505 behind the East Pavilion and sank the U-505 inside, opening of the new U -505 Experience on 5 June 2005. Take Flight donated creates a San Francisco to Chicago flight with a real Boeing 727 jet aircraft from United Airlines. Silent film star Colleen Moore and stock market investor's Fairy Castle is on display as The Great Train Story, a 3,500-square-foot (330 m2) model that the history of transportation from Seattle to Chicago explains. The zone includes Transportation to provide air and land transport, including the Empire State Express 999 steam locomotive, the first car ever exceed 100 miles an hour. The Transportation Zone also features two fighters of the Second World War by the British Government donated a Ju 87 R-2/Trop. Stuka Divebomb - one of only two intact Stukas left in the world - and a Supermarine Spitfire. The first diesel-streamlined stainless steel train, the Pioneer Zephyr is renamed on permanent display at the Great Hall, the entrance hall in 2008, and a free tour goes through it every 10-20 minutes. Several U.S. Navy war ship models on display. There is a flight simulator for the new F-35 Lightning II
In keeping with Rosenwald vision, many of the exhibits are interactive, from Genetics: Decoding Life, which sees the genetics on human and animal development, a toy maker 3000, a working assembly line that visitors can watch a toy top and, how it is done. There is also an interactive Fab Lab MSI, which intends an interactive laboratory where members build "can do everything" is.
In March 2010 the Science Museum opened in the Storms Allstate court. This multi-level exhibit features a 40-foot water tornado, tsunami-tank, Tesla coil, heliostat system and of an authentic Wimshurst machine Wimshurst James in the late 1800s. All artifacts can explore the guests the physics and chemistry of the natural world around them.

MSI's Henry Crown Space Center includes the Apollo 8 spacecraft, the Frank Borman, James Lovell and William Anders was on the first lunar orbital mission. Other exhibits include an Omnimax theater, Scott Carpenter's Mercury Atlas 7 spaceship, a Lunar Module trainer and a life-size dummy of a space shuttle.
The museum is unique and quirky permanent exhibits, as is known, a walk-through model of the human heart, which was removed in 2008 for the construction of YOU! Experience the [4], the eighth Opened in October 2009 and replaced with a 13-meter-high interactive 3D heart [5]. Also known body slices [two corpses are on display in 1/2-inch-thick (13 mm) discs currently on display] - in part - in you! The experience. You! Experience the functions and Gunther von Hagen's plastinated.
Due to its age and design, the museum building itself is a museum piece.
Other exhibits include Yesterday's Main Street, a mock-up of a road from Chicago to the early 1900s complete with a paved road, old-fashioned lights, fire hydrants, and several shops, including the precursors to several Chicago-based company. Included are:

    * Dr. John B. Murphy 's office
    * Berghoff's Restaurant
    * Jewel Tea Company grocery
    * Registry
    * Lytton's Clothing Store
    * Commonwealth Edison
    * Gossard Corset Shop
    * Chas. A. Stevens & Co. (now the bankruptcy)
    * Chicago Post Office
    * Walgreen's Drug Company
    * The Nickelodeon Cinema
    * Finnigan's Ice Cream Parlor and Photo Studio
Unlike the other stores, both can Finnigan's Ice Cream Parlor and The Nickelodeon Cinema can be entered and are functional businesses. Finnigan's serves a variety of flavors and varieties of ice cream and The Nickelodeon Cinema plays short silent films throughout the day. Another important aspect to Yesterday's Main Street is the air that is blown through the exhibition to create the feeling of a cool autumn evening.
In 1993, the F-104 Starfighter on loan to MSI by the U.S. Air Force since 1978, at the Mid-America Air Museum in Liberal, Kansas has been sent.
In March 1995, the Santa Fe steam locomotive 2903, the museum was moved from outside to the Illinois Railway Museum.
The museum houses the Junior Achievement U.S. Business Hall of Fame.

Exhibitions

In addition to the three floors of permanent exhibitions, the Museum of Science & Industry also hosts temporary and traveling exhibitions. Exhibitions are different from the exhibits, because for five months or less and usually require a separate admission fee last paid. [Edit] Exhibitions in the MSI have included Titanic: The Exhibition, [8], the largest collection of relics from the wreck of the RMS Titanic in 2000, Gunther von Hagens' BODY, a look inside the human body by using samples plastinated human, in 2005, and Leonardo Da Vinci: Man, Inventor, Genius [9] in the summer of 2006. Past exhibitions include CSI: The Experience, robots as we are, [10] City of the Future, [11] Canstruction and Star Wars: Where Science Meets Imagination, Experience and the glass. Harry Potter: The Exhibition opened on 30 April 2009, and left the Museum on 29 September 2009. opened the third installment of the Smart Home: Green Wired March 2010 and will run until January 2011.

National Museum in Washington D.C

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History
The museum, like the United States National Museum known, opened its doors to the public on 17 March 1910 to provide the growing Smithsonian Institution with more space for collections and research. [2] The building, which was not fully completed until 1911, was designed by Hornblower & Marshall. [3] The building, designed in neoclassical style, was the first on the north side of the National Mall built along Constitution Avenue, as part of the 1901 McMillan Commission plan. In 2000, Kenneth E. Behring donated $ 80,000,000, the museum and in 1997 donated $ 20,000,000 to modernize it.
In addition to exhibits, the museum has large collections of reference and research institutions. In the online collections collections.nmnh.si.edu
In 2005, the "Butterfly of Peace" was first jewel in the USA [5] In 2008, displayed an exhibition of 5,000 square feet (460 m2) dedicated to soil and its life-sustaining properties. Opened


Hall of Geology, Gems and Minerals

The National Gem and Mineral Collection is one of the most important collections of its kind in the world. The collection includes some of the most famous pieces of gems and minerals, including the Hope Diamond and the Star Sapphire of Asia, one of the largest sapphires in the world. Currently there are over 15,000 individual pieces of jewelry in the collection, as well as minerals and 350 000 300 000 samples of rock and ore specimens. [7] In addition, houses the Smithsonian's National Gem and Mineral] Collection about 35,000 meteorites known as one of the largest collections of its kind in the world [7th To see the museum as the National Mall, the old post office building in the distance, visible
The collection is in the Janet Annenberg Hooker Hall of Geology, Gems and Minerals, one of the many galleries in the Museum of Natural History displayed. Some of the major donors Washington Roebling, the man, the Brooklyn Bridge, which gave 16,000 copies of the collection built, Frederick A. Canfield, the 9000 showed copies of the collection, and Dr. Isaac Lea, who donated the basis of the collection of the Museum in 1312 Gems and minerals.

Hall of Human Origins

The David H. Koch Hall of Human Origins opens on 17 March 2010, on the occasion of the 100th Anniversary of the museum. The hall is for David H. Koch, $ 15,000,000, which contributed $ 20,700,000 exhibition.
The hall is dedicated to the discovery and understanding of human origins, "and takes 15,000 square feet (1,400 m2) of exhibition space. The samples include 75 replica skulls, an interactive human family tree that six million years of evolution follows, and a change of the World gallery, which focuses on issues surrounding climate change and humans' impact on the world. The exhibition is downplaying the importance has been criticized by human-induced global warming, in exchange for the money by Koch [8]. Koch Industries, a private company in the industry of petroleum and other fossil fuels and chemicals is an important contributor to the climate change disinformation
The exhibition also features a complementary website humanorigins.si.edu, the diaries and offers podcasts directly from related research areas. The exhibition was designed by Reich + Petch Design International.

Dinosaur / Hall of Paleobiology

The museum has over 570,000 cataloged reptiles from around the world. The National Collection of Amphibians and Reptiles has 300% over the last 40 years (190,000 records sample in 1970 to over 570,000 records sample in 2008). [11] The Hall of Dinosaurs has fossilized skeletons, casting models, including Tyrannosaurus rex and Triceratops before off with the "Triceratops exhibit the first accurate dinosaur skeleton displays in virtual movement, achieved through the use of scanning and digital technology." The collection consists of 46 "full and important specimens" of the dinosaurs. The website has a virtual tour of the collection.

Hall of Mammals

The Hall of Reich + Petch Behring mammals by design is an award-winning gallery. The design is innovative and inviting. The mammal specimens are as works of modern art in strikingly presented low environmental. Visitors discover mammal evolutionary adaptations to very different contexts, and finally discover that they are also mammals.
The museum houses the largest collection of vertebrate specimens in the world, almost twice as large as the next largest mammal collections, including historically important collections from the nineteenth and early twentieth century. [16] The collection was of C. Hart Merriam, and directed the U.S. Department of Agriculture (later the Department of the Interior), which expanded in the 1890s-1930s.

Insect Zoo

The Insect O. Orkin Insect Zoo features live and exhibits about insects and entomologists. Different habitats have been created, the kinds of insects that live in different environments and how they adapted to a freshwater pond, house, mangrove swamp, showing desert and rain forest. The zoo is sponsored by Orkin, a pest control company.

Ocean Hall

The Sant Ocean Hall was opened on 27 September 2008, and is the largest renovation of the museum since it opened in 1910. The hall includes 674 marine specimens and models from the more than 80 million copies in the Museum's collection as a whole, creates the largest in the world. The hall is named for Roger Sant family, which donated $ 15,000,000 to endow the new hall and other related programs.
The Hall consists of 23,000 square feet (2,100 m2) of exhibition space and offers a replica of a 45-foot (14 m) long North Atlantic Right Whale, a 1,500-gallon aquarium, a 24-foot (7.3 meter) female giant squid, an adult coelacanth, and a Basilosaurus
The museum also offers the Smithsonian Ocean Portal, a complementary website oceanportal.si.edu updated regularly, the original contents of the museum research and collections provides and Sant Ocean Hall as well as content from more than 20 collaborating organizations, including the expected ARKive, Census of Marine Life, Consortium for Ocean Leadership, Encyclopedia of Life, IUCN, Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, National Geographic, NOAA, New England Aquarium, Ocean Conservancy, Oceana, Pew Charitable Trusts, SeaWeb, Save Our Seas, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, World Heritage Marine Programme.

African Voices

This hall and associated site "examines the diversity, dynamism, and global influence of African peoples and cultures over time in the areas of family, work, community and natural environment." [19] [Edit] Butterflies + Plants: Partners in Evolution
With a Live Butterfly Pavilion allows visitors to the many ways in which butterflies and other animals have diversified further developed, adapted and, together with its partners on the plant tens of millions of years. " The exhibition was seen by Reich + Petch designed.

Western Cultures Hall

"This hall explores a few examples from different cultures in the western world including northern Iraq, ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome and the recent discovery of the Iceman, a Copper Age mummy found in an Italian glacier."

Gallery Korea

The Korea Gallery is a special display case for Korean traditions to celebrate and to examine its unique influence and complex role in the world today.
The exhibition brings the continuity of the past by highlighting permanent features of Korean culture, the influence and resonance today. The exhibition makes use of the Smithsonian collection, and a ceramic-rich contect of photographs, devotional objects and traditional Korean carpentry to communicate and connect to both the local community and Korea an international audience. speaking traditional art forms such as ceramics and calligraphy with mythological figures, language, large feature photos and illustrations, a fascinating range of common historical memories that connect Koreans at home and abroad.
Personal stories of modern Korean, as I said, in her own voice, provide a context for some of the many problems that face to discuss the divided country today. Korea's incredible transformation of 'The Hermit Kingdom "is traced back to a world power through its impact on the arts, business and popular culture. The exhibition was designed by Reich + Petch.

Osteology: Hall of Bones

This exhibition shows a "large number of vertebrate skeletons grouped by their evolutionary relationships."

Temporary Exhibitions Discovering Rastafari!

2nd November 2007 - November 2010

    To be explored with artifacts, rare photos and memorabilia of the origins and religious practices of the movement in Jamaica, this exhibition takes viewers beyond the popular Jamaican music known as reggae to the deeper roots of the Rastafari culture. video footage to speak with first-person testimony from male and female Rastafari of different ages, nationalities, race and class backgrounds and Rastafari of unity and the spread of the movement in the Caribbean and beyond over the past three decades

Dig It! The Secrets of the Soil
19th July 2008, 3 January 2010 The world of fungi, bacteria, worms and other organisms, this exhibition draws connections between soils and everyday life[In Bone] Written edit: Forensic Files of the 17th Century Chesapeake
7th February 2009 - 6 February 2011

    This exhibition explores the history of the 17th Century by bone biographies, including those of the colonists staggers on the edge of survival in Jamestown, Virginia, and the rich and established individuals of the St. Mary's City, Maryland.

Builders: the hidden life of the ants

30th May 2009 - 10th October 2009 This exhibition features large-format photographs of ants in their daily business, a cast of a subterranean ant city, and a live ant colony
The museum has an IMAX theater for movies and the Discovery Room, a family-and student-friendly hands-on activities room on the first floor.
In the lower level there is a bird show with all migratory birds and domestic birds in

Museum of Modern Art in NewYORK

2010-09-09T19:24:00.000-07:00

The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is an art museum in Midtown Manhattan in New York City, on 53rd Street, between Fifth and Sixth Avenue. It was very important for the development and collection of modern art, and is often identified as the most influential Museum of Modern Art in the world. [1] The museum's collection offers a unique overview of modern and contemporary art [2], including works of architecture and design, drawings, paintings, sculpture, photography, prints, illustrated books and artists books, film and electronic media.
keep MoMA Library and the Archive over 300,000 books, artist books and magazines, as well as individual files on more than 70,000 artists. The archives contain primary sources on the history of modern and contemporary art. It also houses an award-winning fine dining restaurant, The Modern, from Alsace-born chef Gabriel Kreuther run.

History
The idea for the Museum of Modern Art in 1928 primarily by Abby Aldrich Rockefeller (wife of John D. Rockefeller Jr.) and two of her friends,] Lillie P. Bliss and Mary Quinn Sullivan. [4 It has been variously known as developed "The ladies", "the daring ladies" and "the adamantine ladies". It opens up a modest rented quarters for the new museum, and it to the public on 7th November 1929, nine days after the Wall Street Crash. Abby A. Conger Goodyear had, the former President of the Trustees of the Albright Art Gallery in Buffalo, New York, are invited to become President of the new museum. Abby became treasurer. At the time it was to show America's premier museum, which is exclusively devoted to modern art, and the first of its kind in Manhattan on European modernism. [5]
Goodyear enlisted Paul J. Sachs and Frank Crowninshield to join him as a founding member Board of Trustees. Sachs, deputy director and curator of prints and drawings in the Fogg Art Museum at Harvard University, was called in those days as a collector of curators. Goodyear asked him to propose a director and Sachs, to recommend to Alfred H. Barr Jr., a promising young protege. Under the guidance of Barr, the museum's holdings quickly expanded from an initial gift of eight prints and one drawing. His first successful exhibition loans in November 1929, with paintings by Van Gogh, Gauguin, Cezanne, Seurat and [6].
First in six rooms of galleries and offices on the twelfth floor of the Heckscher Building in Manhattan, [7] on the corner of Fifth Avenue and 57th Street housed the museum moved into three more temporary locations within the next ten years. Abby Mann was strongly opposed to the museum (as well as modern art to themselves) and refused money for the venture, which had obtained releases from other sources, and led to the frequent shifts of location. However, he did finally land for the current site of the museum, and other gifts over time, becoming in fact one of the biggest benefactors [8].The entrance to the Museum of Modern Art
During this time, she headed for many more exhibitions of renowned artists such as Vincent van Gogh exhibition Lone on 4 November 1935. Containing an unparalleled sixty-six oils and fifty drawings from the Netherlands, and poignant excerpts from the artist's letters, it was a great popular success and was a forerunner of the hold van Gogh has now stand at the contemporary imagination. " [9]
The museum gained international prominence with the highly successful and now famous Picasso retrospective of 1939-40 resulted in conjunction with the Art Institute of Chicago. presented in its series of activities, they represent a significant reinterpretation of Picasso for future art scholars and historians. That was all by Barr, a Picasso enthusiast, and the exhibition as Picasso revered masterminded follow the greatest artist of the time, setting the model for all of the museum retrospectives, which should [10].
selected as the Abby Rockefeller's son Nelson by the Board of Trustees, was his flamboyant president in 1939, has become the age of thirty, he was the instigator and prime sponsor of public relations, acquisitions and subsequent expansion into new headquarters on 53rd Street. His brother, David Rockefeller, entered the museum board of trustees, in 1948, and took over the presidency took when Nelson position as governor of New York in 1958.
David later entered the renowned architect Philip Johnson to redesign the Museum garden and name it in honor of his mother, the Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Sculpture Garden. He and the Rockefeller family have maintained a generally close relationship with the museum over its history, since the Rockefeller Brothers Fund financing institution 1947th Both David Rockefeller, Jr. and Sharon Percy Rockefeller (wife of Senator Jay Rockefeller) currently sit on the Board of Trustees.
In 1937, MoMA had shifted to offices and basement galleries in the Time & Life Building in Rockefeller Center. Its permanent and current home, now renovated and decorated in the "International Style" of the modernist architects Philip Goodwin and Edward Durell Stone, opened to the public on 10 May 1939, accompanied by an illustrious company of 6,000 people, and with an opening address on radio from the White House by President Franklin D. Roosevelt [11].

Winter Palace

2010-09-09T19:18:00.000-07:00

The Winter Palace
(Russian: Зимний дворец) in Saint Petersburg, Russia, was from 1732 to 1917, the official residence of Russian tsars. Situated between the Palace Embankment built and the Palace Square, adjacent to the site of Peter the Great, the original Winter Palace, the present and the fourth Winter Palace has been changed and almost continuously between the late 1730s and 1837, when it has been difficult due to fire and Damaged rebuilt. [1] The storming of the castle in 1917 became an iconic symbol of the Russian Revolution.
The palace was built on a monumental scale, intended to reflect the power and strength of Imperial Russia. From the palace of the Tsar and autocrat of all Russias of 22.4 million square kilometers (8.6 million square kilometers) (almost a sixth of the landmass of the Earth) and 176.4 million subjects governed. It was by many architects, especially in Bartolomeo Rastrelli, who designed what came to be known as the Elizabethan Baroque, the green-white palace is shaped like an elongated rectangle. The palace has been calculated to 1786 doors, 1945 windows, 1,500 rooms and 117 staircases included. Its main facade is 250 m long and 100 feet (30 m) high. The reconstruction of 1837 left unchanged the outside, but large parts of its interior have been redesigned in a variety of taste and style, what the palace described as inspired "Palace of the 19th century by a model in the Rococo style." [2]
In 1905, the Palace of the scene of the massacre of Bloody Sunday, was elected but at this time the imperial family to live in safe and secluded Alexander in Tsarskoe Selo had, and returned to the Winter Palace for the formal and rare state occasions . After the February Revolution of 1917 was the palace for a short time the headquarters of the Russian Provisional Government, led by Alexander Kerensky. Later that year, the palace was stormed by a detachment of Red Army soldiers and sailors, is a decisive moment in the birth of the Soviet state. On a less glorious note, the month-long looting of the palace of the cellar in these troubled times led to what has been described as "the biggest hangover in history". Today, the restored palace is part of the complex of buildings, in the Hermitage.

Pera Museum in ISTANBUL

2010-09-09T19:14:00.000-07:00

The Pera Museum (Turkish: Pera Müzesi), based in Istanbul, Turkey, in 2005 by the Suna and Inan Kirac Foundation (namesake Suna Kirac is established, the daughter of the Turkish tycoon Vehbi Koç). The collection is housed in the former Bristol Hotel, built in Tepebasi, 1893 by architect Achille Manoussos.Content

The permanent collection
The museum has three permanent collections - Anatolian weights and measures, Kütahya tiles and pottery, art and orientalist. The Orientalist collection consists of more than three hundred paintings, including works by European artists inspired by the Ottoman Empire from the 17th to the early 19th Century. Outstanding among the Orientalists collection is the work of Osman Hamdi Bey, who by some art historians as the genre only "native Orientalist" was [Quote marked required]; featured is his most famous work, the Turtle Trainer.Other Features
In addition to exhibits, the museum houses a wide range of cultural events, facilities include a multi-purpose exhibition space, an auditorium and an activity room for visitors. The first floor houses both an art shop and cafe, with the auditorium, foyer, and children's center in the basement.
Future Facilities
The Suna and Inan Kirac Foundation commissioned the architect Frank Gehry for a new cultural complex on the site of today's TRT Tepebasi seat (in the public square outside the Pera Museum and the nearby Hotel Pera Palace is design). [1] The proposed complex would be called the Suna Kıraç Cultural Center (Turkish: Suna Kirac Kültür Merkezi). [1] Construction can begin once the building permit rights from the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and issue to the High Council for Conservation, and TRT personnel and equipment will be transferred to facilities in Istanbul and TRT Ortaköy Harbiye neighborhoods.opening times, costs and address

Museum opening times:

    * Tuesday - Saturday: 10.00 to 19.00
    * Sunday: from 12.00 18.00
    * Closed on Mondays.
Admission: Regular: 7 YTL Group: 5 YTL (10 or more), reduced: 3 YTL (students aged over 12, teachers and visitors from 60 years)

    * Free admission for under 12, handicapped and one accompanying person.
Audio Guide: 2 YTL (YTL 1 for groups)
Address:Mesrutiyet Caddesi No.14134 443 Tepebasi - Beyoglu - Istanbul, Turkey

Museo Nacional de Antropología in Mexico City

2010-09-09T19:09:00.000-07:00

ArchitectureThe place concrete roof as "el paraguas known.

Designed in 1963 by Pedro Ramírez Vázquez, Jorge Rafael Mijares and Campuzano, it has an impressive architecture with the exhibition halls around a courtyard with a large pond and a vast square concrete umbrella of a single slender column (known as "El paraguas," Spanish support for "The Umbrella") to the splashes an artificial cascade. The halls are surrounded by gardens, many of which include outdoor exhibits. The museum has 23 rooms for exhibitions and covers an area of 79 700 square meters (nearly 8 ha) or 857 890 square feet (nearly 20 hectares).

Exhibits

Opened in 1964 by President Adolfo López Mateos, the museum has a number of important exhibitions, such as the Stone of the Sun (pictured right) has, giant stone heads of Olmec civilization, which were found in the jungles of Tabasco and Veracruz, treasures again from the Mayan civilization, the sacred cenote at Chichen Itza, a replica of the cover by Pascal sarcophagal grave in Palenque and ethnological shows of contemporary Mexican rural life. It also has a model of the location and layout of the former Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan, the place now occupied by the central portion of today's Mexico City itself.
The museum also visit exhibitions, most of which focus on other of the world's great cultures. Past exhibits have focused on ancient Iran, Greece, China, Egypt, Russia, and Spain.

Name

Original Aztec Stone of the Sun on the display in the museum.
It is a common misconception, even among Mexicans that the museum is the full name of the National Museum of Anthropology and History. Its official name is simply the National Museum of Anthropology. There is another body, the National Museum of History, located in the nearby Castle of Chapultepec, but it is a very different museum. The former focuses on the pre-Columbian Mexico and Mexico's modern ethnography. The latter focuses on the Viceroyalty of New Spain and its progress in terms of modern Mexico, until 20 Century.
However, the official administrative body, that both museums (and many other national and regional museums) directs the National Institute of Anthropology and History (Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia).

State Historical Museum in Moscow

2010-09-09T19:06:00.000-07:00

The State Historical Museum of Russia
(Russian: Государственный Исторический музей) is a museum of Russian history between Red Square and Manege Square in Moscow wedged.

The exhibitions range from relics of the prehistoric tribes inhabiting present-day Russia, through priceless artworks acquired by members of the Romanov dynasty. The total number of objects in the Museum's collection numbers in the millions.
The place where today stands the museum, was formerly occupied by the Principal Medicine Store, was at the behest of Peter the Great in the Moscow baroque style. Several rooms in this building housed the royal collections of antiquities. Other rooms were occupied by the Moscow University, founded by Mikhail Lomonosov in 1755.
The museum was founded in 1872 by Ivan Zabelin, Aleksey Uvarov, and several other Slavophiles in the promotion of Russian history and national self-interest. The Board of Trustees, by Sergei Solovyov, Vasily Klyuchevsky, Uvarov and other leading historians assembled, presided over the construction of the museum building. After a lengthy competition awarded the project Vladimir Osipovich Shervud (or Sherwood, 1833-1897) was.
The current structure was built on neo-Russian Sherwood Design's 1875-1881, and officially opened in 1894 by Tsar Alexander III. The interior was lavishly decorated in the Russian Revival style of artists such as Viktor Vasnetsov, Ivan Aivazovsky and Henrik Semiradsky. During the Soviet era, the murals were announced bright and plastered. The museum went through a painstaking restoration of its original appearance between 1986 and 1997.
Important elements include a sloop from the banks of the Volga artifacts excavated gold of the Scythians, birch bark scrolls of Novgorod, manuscripts date back to 6th Century, Russian folk ceramics and objects made of wood. The library holds the manuscripts of the Psalter Chludov (860), Svyatoslav's Miscellanies (1073), Mstislav Gospel (1117), Yuriev Gospel (1119), and Halych Gospel (1144). The museum's coin collection alone contains 1.7 million coins, making it the largest in Russia. In 1996, total number of items in the collection of the museum reached 4,373,757.
A branch of the museum is housed in the adjacent building of the Moscow City Hall, two more are housed in the Novodevichy Convent and St. Basil's Cathedral.

The Uffizi Gallery in Florence

2010-09-09T19:02:00.000-07:00

History
Construction of the palace was by Giorgio Vasari in 1560 for Cosimo I de 'Medici as the offices for the Florentine judge began - hence the name "Uffizi (" offices "). The construction was continued to Vasari's design by Alfonso Parigi and Bernardo Buontalenti and ended in 1581. The cortile (courtyard) is so long and narrow, and open to the Arno river in its rear end through a Doric screen that the space is articulated without blocking it, that architectural historians treat [2], when the first regularized streetscape of Europe . Vasari, a painter as well as architect, emphasized the perspective length by the matching facades' continuous roof cornices, and unbroken stand cornices between storeys and the three continuous steps on which the palace-fronts. The niches in the pillars, with columns deputy were filled with sculptures by famous artists of the 19th century.
The Palazzo degli Uffizi brought together under one roof the administrative offices, the tribunal and the state archive (Archivio di Stato). The project, by Cosimo I, Grand Duke of Tuscany was planned to arrange that prime works of art in the Medici collections on the first floor of Francis I of Tuscany, made from the famous Tribuna degli Uffizi Buontalenti in order that a United selection was made by the outstanding masterpieces of the collection in an ensemble, a star attraction was the Grand Tour.
collected over the years other parts of the palace in a display place for many of the paintings and sculptures of the Medici family developed or commissioned by them. According to Vasari, who not only the architect of the Uffizi, but also the author of the life of the artist, was published in 1550 and 1568, artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo gathered in the Uffizi "for beauty, for work and for the recreation. "[3]
After the house of Medici was extinguished, the art treasures of Florence was in reference to the famous Patto di famiglia by Anna Maria Luisa, negotiated the last Medici heiress, it was one of the first modern museums. The gallery was opened to visitors on request since the sixteenth century, and in 1765 it was officially opened to the public.
Owing to its huge collection, some of his works have transferred in the past to other museums in Florence - for example, some famous statues, the Bargello. A project is currently underway to expand the museum exhibition space of 2006 of around 6,000 meters ² (64,000 ft ²) to almost 13 000 m ² (139,000 km ²), so that public viewing of many artworks that are normally in storage were.
In 1993 a car bomb exploded in Via dei Georgofili and damaged parts of the palace, killing five people. The most serious damage was caused to the Niobe room, classical sculptures and neoclassical interior, restored, although its frescoes were damaged beyond repair. The identity of the bomber or bombers are unknown, although it almost certainly due to the Sicilian Mafia, which was engaged in a period of terrorism at that time.
Today, the Uffizi, one of the most popular tourist attractions of Florence. In high season (especially in July), waiting times can be up to five hours. Visitors who book a ticket in advance to wait a much shorter one.
In early August 2007 in Florence was caught with a big storm, and the gallery was partially flooded, with water leaking through the ceiling, and visitors were evacuated. It was a much larger flood in 1966, most of the art in Florence severely damaged, including the Uffizi Gallery.

British Museum in LONDON

2010-09-09T18:55:00.000-07:00

History

Sir Hans Sloane, founder of the British Museum Sir Hans Sloane
Though primarily a museum of cultural art objects and antiques today, the British Museum was a "universal museum" set up. Its foundations lie in the will of the physician and naturalist Sir Hans Sloane (1660-1753). Throughout his life Sloane collected an enviable collection of curiosities and do not want to see his collection broken up after death, he bequeathed him King George II, for the nation, for the princely sum of £ 20,000 [6].
At that time there was Sloane's collection of 71,000 objects of all kinds [7], including 40,000 printed books, 7,000 manuscripts, extensive natural history cabinet including 337 volumes of dried plants, prints and drawings including those of Albrecht Dürer and antiquities from Egypt, Greece, Rome, ancient Middle and Far East and South America. [8]

Foundation (1753)
On 7 June 1753, King George II gave his formal assent to the Act of Parliament that the British Museum. [B] founded the Foundation Act, has two other libraries, the Sloane collection. The library of Sir Robert Cotton Cottonian mounted, came from Elizabethan times and the Harleian Library, the collection of the Earl of Oxford. They were joined in 1757 by the Royal Library, assembled by various British monarchs. Together, these four "Foundation Collection" many of the most valuable books now included in the British Library [9], including the Lindisfarne Gospels and the only surviving copy of Beowulf [C].
The British Museum was the first of a new kind of museum - national, belonging to neither church nor king, freely accessible to the public and with the aim of collecting everything. Sloane collection, while including a vast Miscellany of objects, tended to reflect his scientific interests. [10] The addition of the Cotton and Harley manuscripts held a literary and antiquarian element and meant that the British Museum now has both the national museum and library. [11] Cabinet of Curiosities (1753-1778) Montagu House
The body of Trustees on a converted mansion dating from the 17th Century, Montagu House, as the location for the museum, which it decided to bought by the Montagu family for £ 20,000. The Board of Trustees rejected Buckingham House, on the site of the present Buckingham Palace, for reasons of cost and the unsuitability of the site. [12] [d]
With the acquisition of Montagu House, the first exhibition galleries and reading room for scholars, 15 Opened in January 1759. [13] In 1757, King George II gave the old Royal Library and was published with it the right to a copy of each book in the country to ensure that the museum's library would expand indefinitely. The dominance of Natural History began to diminish books and manuscripts, when the museum acquired in 1772 observed its first antiquities, Sir William Hamilton's collection of Greek vases. In the few years after the founding of the British Museum received several other donations, including the Thomason Collection of Civil War tracts and David Garrick's library of 1,000 printed plays, but not yet contained few visible vestiges of the modern museum visitor. [Edit] [Edit] Inertia and Energy (1778-1800)
From 1778 brought a display of objects from the South Seas from the round-the-world voyages of Captain James Cook and the travels of other explorers fascinated visitors with a look at previously unknown lands. The legacy of a collection of books, gems, coins, prints and drawings by Clayton Mordaunt Cracherode in 1800 did much for the museum's reputation increase, but Montagu House increasingly crowded and decrepit, and it was obvious that it is not grown more expansion [14].
The museum of the first notable addition to his collection of antiquities, since its founding, by Sir William Hamilton (1730-1803), British ambassador to Naples, his collection of Greek and Roman artifacts of the museum in 1784 along with a number of sold Antiques and other produce. A list of donations to the Museum, dated 31 January 1784 refers to the Hamiltonian legacy of a "Colossal foot of Apollo in Marble". It was one of two Hamilton antiquities collection for him by Francesco prognathism, a pupil of Pietro Fabris, who also helped draw a series of drawings of Mount Vesuvius by Hamilton to the Royal Society in London. [Edit] Growth and Change (1800-1825) The Rosetta Stone on display in the British Museum in 1874
In the early 19th Century laid the foundation for the extensive collection of sculptures began to move and Greek, Roman and Egyptian artefacts shows dominated the antiquities. After the defeat of the French campaign in the Battle of the Nile, in 1801 the British Museum acquired more Egyptian sculpture and in 1802 King George III presented the Rosetta Stone - the key to deciphering the hieroglyphs. [15] presents and purchases of Henry Salt, British Consul General in Egypt, beginning with the colossal bust of Ramses II in 1818, laid the foundation stone of the collection of Egyptian monumental sculpture. [16] Many Greek sculptures followed, notably the first purpose-built exhibition space, the collection of Charles Towneley, much of it Roman Sculpture, in 1805. In 1806, from Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, ambassador of the Ottoman Empire from 1799 to 1803, the large collection of marble sculptures from the Parthenon on the Acropolis in Athens and transferred them into the United Kingdom. In 1816, these masterpieces of Western art, were from the British Museum by the law adopted by Parliament and in the museum afterwards. [17] The collections have been supplemented by the frieze of Bassae Phigaleia, Greece in 1815. The ancient Near Eastern collection had its beginnings in 1825 [with the purchase of Assyrian and Babylonian antiquities from the widow of Claudius James Rich 18].
In 1802 a building committee set up for the expansion of the museum plan is set, and on through the donation in the year 1822 the King's Library, personal library of King George III, consisting of 65 000 volumes, 19,000 pamphlets, maps, charts and topographical drawing highlighted. [19] The neo-classical architect Sir Robert Smirke was prompted plans for an eastern extension of the museum "... for the reception of the royal library and a gallery of them ..."[ 20] and put forward plans for today's square buildings, many of which can be seen today. The dilapidated old house was demolished, Montagu and work on the King's Library Gallery began in 1823. The extension of the East Wing was completed in 1831. But it was no longer needed after the founding of the National Gallery, London 1824, [e] proposed gallery, and the space on the upper floor was given to the Natural History Collections [21]. [Edit] The largest building site in Europe (1825-1850) From left to right: Montagu House, Townley Gallery and Sir Robert Smirke's west wing under construction (July 1828) The Grenville Library, (1875)
The museum was a large construction site as a neo-classical Sir Robert Smirke created the building gradually. The King's Library, the ground floor of the east wing, was passed in 1827 and has been described as one of the most beautiful rooms in London, although not completely open to the general public, were arranged to 1857, but specific openings during the Universal Exhibition of 1851. Despite the increased pollution and disturbance of the collection, exceeded the new building. [Edit]
Archaeological excavations
In 1840 the museum was involved in his first overseas excavations, Charles Fellows's expedition to Xanthos, was in Asia Minor, whence came the remains of the tombs of the rulers of ancient Lycia, including the Nereid Payava and monuments. In 1857 Charles Newton was up to fourth Century BC Mausoleum of Halicarnassus, to discover one of the Seven Wonders of the ancient world. In the 1840s and 1850s, the museum excavations supported by AH Layard in Assyria and others on sites such as Nimrud and Nineveh. Of particular interest to curators of the eventual discovery of the great library of Ashurbanipal's cuneiform tablets that make the museum a focal point was contributed for Assyrian studies [22].
Sir Thomas Grenville (1755-1846), a trustee of the British Museum from 1830 assembled a fine library of 20,240 volumes, which he left the museum in his will. The books in January 1847 in 21 horse-drawn vans arrived. The only free space for the great library was a room originally intended for manuscripts, between the main entrance of the hall and the Manuscript Saloon. The books remained here until the British Library moved to St Pancras in 1998.
Collecting the rest of the world (1850-1875)
The opening of the forecourt in 1852 marked the completion of the Robert Smirke's Plan 1823, but already has been adjusted to cope with the unexpected growth of the collections. Infill galleries were for Assyrian sculptures and Sydney Smirke's Round Reading Room built with room for a million books, opened in 1857. Because of the continuing pressure on space, the decision was taken to the natural history in a new building in South Kensington, which would later move in the British Museum of Natural History.
Around the same time as the construction of the new building was the career of a man sometimes called the "second founder" of the British Museum, the Italian librarian Anthony Panizzi. Under his supervision the British Museum Library (now called the British Library) quintupled in size and was worthy of a well-organized institution, National Library, the largest library in the world according to the National Library of Paris. [11] The square in the middle of the Smirke design proved to be a waste of valuable space and was designed at the request Panizzi by a circular Reading Room of cast iron, Smirke brother of Sydney Smirke filled [23]. Panorama of the circular reading room Wikinews has related news: Relics of 39 saints of the British Museum found
By the middle of the 19th Century, the museum's collections were relatively circumscribed, but in 1851 began with the appointment to the staff at the Augustus Wollaston Franks to curate the collections, the museum for the first time the British and European medieval antiquities, prehistory, collect branching out into Asia and diversify their holdings of ethnography. Overseas excavations continued and John Turtle Wood discovered the remains of the fourth Century BC Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, another wonder of the ancient world [24].

Scholarship and legacies (1875-1900)
The natural history collections were an integral part of the British Museum until her move to the new British Museum of Natural History, now the Natural History Museum, in 1887. With the departure and the completion of the new White Wing (fronting Montague Street) in 1884 more space for antiques and Ethnography and the library was able to expand further. This was a time of innovation has been introduced as electric lighting, in the reading room and exhibition halls [25].
In 1882 the museum in the founding of the independent Egypt Exploration Fund (now Society) of the first British body to carry out research in Egypt was involved. A legacy of Miss Emma Turner in 1892 funded excavations in Cyprus. In 1897 the death of the great collector and curator, AW Franks, was a huge estate of 3,300 finger rings, 153 drinking vessels, 512 pieces of Continental porcelain, 1,500 Netsuke, 850 inro, over 30,000 bookplates and miscellaneous jewelry and plate, among them the Oxus Treasure followed [26].
In 1898 Baron Ferdinand de Rothschild inherited the glittering contents of his New Smoking Room at Waddesdon Manor. This consisted of nearly 300 pieces of objets d'art et de vertu, exquisite examples of jewelry, plate, enamels, carvings, glass and maiolica, in the tradition of a treasury or treasuries, as they contain formed by the Renaissance princes of Europe [27]. Baron Ferdinand's will was very specific, and failure to comply with the conditions it would empty the collection should

in a special room for the so-called legacy Waddesdon Room separate and apart from the other contents of the museum and from then on for ever after, always the same as in the room or in another room, which will be replaced for it [27].

New century, new building (1900-1925) Opening of the White Wing, King Edward VII's Galleries (1914)
Through the last years of the nineteenth century the British Museum's collections were so much that the museum building was not big enough for them increases. In 1895 the trustees of the 69 houses of the museum bought with the intention of demolishing them and building around the western, northern and eastern side of the museum. The first step was the construction of the northern wing beginning of 1906th
All the while holding the collections grows. Emily Torday collected in Central Africa, unearthed Aurel Stein in Central Asia, DG Hogarth, Leonard Woolley and TE Lawrence at Carchemish. In 1918, because of the threat of war, bombed some buildings were evacuated to a Postal Tube Railway at Holborn, the National Library of Wales (Aberystwyth) and a country house near Malvern. On the way back to the Ancient World from wartime storage in 1919, some objects were found deteriorated. A temporary conservation laboratory was set up to May 1920 and became a permanent department in 1931. It is the oldest in continuous existence. [28] In 1923, the British Museum welcomed over one million visitors.

Disorder and
Reconstruction (1925-1950)

New mezzanine floors have been designed and stacks of books in an attempt to handle the flood of books converted ready. to build in 1931 the art dealer Sir Joseph Duveen offered funds to a gallery for the Parthenon sculptures. Designed by American architect John Russell Pope, was completed in 1938. The appearance of the exhibition halls began as a dark red Victorian differed modern pastel shades. [F], however, were scattered in August 1939 because of the impending war and the likelihood of air raids of the Parthenon Sculptures along the museum's most valuable collections change to secure basements, cottages, Aldwych underground station, the National Library of Wales and a quarry. The evacuation was timely, because in 1940 the Duveen Gallery was damaged by bombing. [29] The Museum continues to by all countries and centuries: one of the most spectacular additions were the 2,600 BC Mesopotamia, Ur of treasure discovered during Leonard Woolley's gain from 1922 to 1934 excavations. Gold, silver and garnet grave goods from the Anglo-Saxon ship burial at Sutton Hoo (1939) and late Roman silver tableware from Mildenhall, Suffolk (1946). The immediate postwar years were taken with the return of the collections of protection and restoration of the museum after the flash. Work began on the restoration of the damaged Duveen Gallery. [Edit] A new face to the public (1950-1975) The newly opened gallery Duveen (1980)
In 1953 the museum celebrated its two hundredth birthday. Many changes followed: the first full-time were in-house designer and publications officer appointed in 1964, an organization of Friends was set in 1968, an Education Service was established in 1970 and publisher 1973rd In 1963 a new Act of Parliament introduced administrative reforms. It was easier to give items, changed the constitution of the Board of Trustees and the Natural History Museum was completely independent. Until 1959, the coins and medals Office suite, completely destroyed during the war, was rebuilt and reopened, attention turned to the gallery with new tastes in design, to transform the Robert Smirke of Classical and Near Eastern galleries. [30] In 1962 it was finally restored Duveen Gallery and the Parthenon sculptures were moved back into it again at the center of the museum. [G]

In the 1970s the museum was again expanded. Other services were introduced to the public, attendance rose, with the special exhibition "Treasures of Tutankhamun" in 1972 1.694.117 attract visitors, the most successful in British history. In the same year, the Law of Parliament establishing the British Library was handed over, separates the collection of manuscripts and printed books from the British Museum. This left the museum with antiques, coins, medals and paper money, prints and drawings, and ethnography. A pressing problem was room for additions to the library, which now requires an additional 1 / 4 miles of shelves each year. The government proposed a site in St. Pancras for the new British Library, but the books do not leave the museum until 1997.

The Great Court shows (1975-2000) Great Court - Quadrangle 1857 and Sydney Smirke's Round Reading Room
The departure of the British Library to providing a new site in St Pancras, finally achieved in 1998, the place for the books needed. He also created the opportunity for the vacant place in the 19 Robert Smirke's century central square in the Queen Elizabeth II Great Court redevelop - the largest covered square in Europe - which opened in 2000.
The ethnography collections, which was in the short-lived Museum of Mankind at 6 Burlington Gardens was located in 1970 were new purpose-built galleries returned.
The museum collects again readjusted its policy as an interest in the "modern" objects: prints, drawings, medals and the decorative arts reawakened. Ethnographic field research was in such diverse places as New Guinea, Madagascar, Romania, Guatemala and Indonesia and conducted excavations there were in the Middle East, Egypt, Sudan and the United Kingdom. The Weston Gallery of Roman Britain, opened in 1997, highlighted a number of recently discovered treasures, the wealth of what was a less important part of the Roman Empire demonstrated. The museum turned increasingly towards private sector funding for buildings, acquisitions and other purposes. [31] [Edit] The museum today African Garden - The British Museum facade - from the BBC TV program Ground Force created
Today it is no longer houses collections of natural history, and the books and manuscripts are now held once a part of the independent British Library. The museum still maintains its universality in its collections of artifacts that the cultures of the world, ancient and modern. The original collection in 1753 has become more than thirteen million objects in the British Museum, Natural History Museum in the 70 million and 150 million at the British Library.
The Round Reading Room, which was designed by architect Smirke Sydney opened in 1857. For nearly 150 years, came here to consult the Museum's researchers large library. The Reading Room closed in 1997 when the National Library (British Library), moved to new premises in St. Pancras. Today, it has been transformed into the Walter and Leonore Annenberg Center. This includes the Paul Hamlyn Library books on the collections of the museum, which is open to all visitors [32].
With the shelves in the courtyard of the museum is empty, could begin the process of demolition for Lord Foster's glass-covered Great Court. The Great Court, opened in 2000, while undoubtedly improving circulation around the museum, was from a lack of exhibition space at a time when the museum was in serious financial difficulties and many galleries were closed to the public criticism. accommodated the same time, the African and Oceanic collections, which were temporarily in 6 Burlington Gardens were a new gallery in the North Wing of the Sainsbury family finances given [33].

Governance
See also: Director of the British Museum
In technical terms, the British Museum is a non-departmental public body of the Ministry of Culture, Media and Sport through a three-year funding agreement is sponsored. His head is the director. The British Museum was renamed since its foundation by a "Principal Librarian run" (when the book collections were part of the museum), a role that Director and Principal Librarian 'in 1898, and "Director" in 1973 (on the separation the British Library) [34].
A board of 25 trustees (with the Director as Accounting Officer for the purposes of reporting to the government) is responsible for general management and control of the museum, in line with the British Museum Act of 1963 and the Museums and Galleries Act 1992 [35]. Before the Act of 1963 it was chaired by the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Lord Chancellor and the Speaker of the House of Commons. The Board was formed on the museum foundation, to maintain their collections in the nation's confidence, without actually owning them themselves, meet and now a mainly advisory role. Trustee appointments are by the regulatory framework in the code of conduct for public office, the Office of the Commissioner issued Public events defined rules. For a list of current trustees, see here [36]. [Edit] Building The entrance to the Museum
The Greek Revival facade Great Russell Street is a typical building of Sir Robert Smirke, ft with 44 columns in the Ionic order of 45 (14 m) high, close to the Temple of Athena at Priene Polias based in Asia Minor. The pediment above the main entrance is by sculptures by Sir Richard Westmacott representation of the progress of civilization, consisting of fifteen allegorical figures, installed in 1852 decorated.
The construction around the yard with the East Wing (The King's Library) in 1823-1828, through the North Wing in 1833-1838, which followed originally housed galleries including a reading room now begun the Wellcome Gallery. The work was also continued demolition of the northern half of the West Wing (The Egyptian Sculpture Gallery) from 1826 to 1831 with Montagu House in 1842 to make room for the last part of the west wing, completed in 1846, and the south wing with its great colonnade, in 1843 initiated and completed in 1847, when the front hall and grand staircase were opened to the public. [37] The museum is faced with Portland stone, but the outer walls and other parts of the building were using Haytor granite from Dartmoor in South Devon transported through the unique Haytor Granite Tramway. [38] The King's Library
In 1846 Robert Smirke as an architect of the museum by his brother Sydney Smirke, the main addition was the Round Reading Room 1854-1857 replaced, at 140 feet (43 meters) in diameter, it was the second largest dome in the world, the Pantheon Rome is a bit wider.
The next major addition was the White Wing 1882-1884 has been behind the eastern end of the south front, with the architect Sir John Taylor.
In 1895, the Parliament, the Museum Trustees, a loan of £ 200,000 from the Duke of Bedford, all 69 houses, the buildings of the museum in the five surrounding streets secured - Great Russell Street, Montague Street, Montague Purchase Place, Bedford Square and Bloomsbury Street [39]. The Board of Trustees planned to demolish these houses and build around the western, northern and eastern side of the museum's new galleries that would completely fill the block on which the museum stands. The architect Sir John James Burnet petition was overly ambitious long-term plans, the building forward on all three sides covered. Most of the houses in Montague Place were a few years knocked after the sale. From this great plan, only the Edward VII Galleries in the middle of the northern front were ever built, these were built from 1906 to 1914 to the design by JJ Burnet, and opened by King George V and Queen Mary 1914th They now house the museum's collection of drawings and prints and Oriental antiquities. It was not enough money to more new buildings, and so the other houses in the streets, almost all are still. Proposed British Museum Extension, 1906
The Duveen Gallery, located in the west of the Egyptian, Greek and Assyrian sculpture galleries, was designed by the Elgin Marbles by the American Beaux-Arts architect John Russell Pope house. Although completed in 1938, she was hit by a bomb and in 1940 was half expired for 22 years, before reopening in 1962. Other areas during the Second World War bombing raids damaged included: not in September 1940 two unexploded bombs struck the Edward VII Galleries, the King's Library received a direct hit from a high explosive bomb dropped incendiary bombs on the dome of the Round Reading Room, but did little damage, and on the night of 10 to 11 May 1941 several incendiaries fell on the southwest corner of the museum, to destroy the book stack and 150,000 pounds in the courtyard and the galleries around the top edge of the grand staircase - the damage is not repaired fully until the early 1960s [40]. The British Museum, Great Court
The Queen Elizabeth II Great Court is a covered square in the middle of the British Museum by the engineers Buro Happold and the architects Foster and Partners designed. [41] The Great Court opened in December 2000 and is the largest covered square in Europe. The roof is a glass and steel construction with 1656 unique shaped glass panes. In the middle of the Great Court of the British Library reading room is cleared, its functions now moved to St Pancras. The reading room is open to any member of the public who wants to read it there.
Today, the British Museum has become one of the largest museums in the world, with an area of over 75,000 m² of exhibition space around 50,000 units present from his collection. [42] There are nearly one hundred galleries open to the public, representing two miles (3.2 km) of exhibition space, although the less popular have restricted opening times. However, the lack of which has resulted in a large temporary exhibition space of 100 million pounds World Conservation and Exhibition Centre to give and concentrate all the facilities maintenance of the museum in a Conservation Centre. This project was announced in July 2007, with the architects Rogers Stirk Harbour and Partners. It was the building permit in December 2009 and completion is expected for 2013. [43]

Departments Department of Ancient Egypt and Sudan
The British Museum houses the world's largest and most comprehensive collection of Egyptian antiquities outside the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. A collection of immense significance for the scope and quality, it contains objects from all periods of practically every site of importance in Egypt and the Sudan. Together, they illustrate every aspect of the cultures in the Nile Valley (including Nubia), the pre-dynastic Neolithic Age (10,000 BC) to the Coptic (Christian) period (12th century AD), a period of over 11,000 years ago. The British Museum, Room 4 - Colossal Granite head of Amenhotep III (1350 BC)
Egyptian antiquities are part of the British Museum collection since its founding in 1753 after receiving 160 Egyptian objects [44] by Sir Hans Sloane. After the defeat of French troops under Napoleon at the Battle of the Nile in 1801 collected the Egyptian antiquities were seized by the British army and presented to the British Museum in 1803. These works, which were the famous Rosetta stone, containing the first important group of large sculptures of the museum to be acquired. Then appointed the British Consul Henry Salt as in Egypt, who amassed a huge collection of antiques. Most of the antiquities Salt was collected from the British Museum and the Musée du Louvre acquired. From 1866 the collection consisted of approximately 10,000 objects. Antiquities from the excavations started at the museum in the late 19th Century as a result of the work of the Egypt Exploration Fund in the context of the efforts of EA Wallis Budge come. The collection was 57 000 objects from 1924. Active support by the Museum for excavations in Egypt continued in useful acquisitions during the 20th Century created, led to changes in laws Antiquities in Egypt, the suspension of the policy allows findings to be exported. The size of the Egyptian collection now stands at over 110,000 objects. [45] The British Museum, Room 4 - colossal bust of Ramses II (1250 BC)

Musée du Louvre in Paris

2010-09-09T18:45:00.000-07:00

History

Middle Ages, Renaissance and the Palais BourbonThe only part of the medieval Louvre still visible [6]Main article: Palais du Louvre
The Louvre Palace (Palais du Louvre), which houses the museum was like a fortress of Philip II in the 12th Century started with the remains of the building still visible in the crypt. [6] It is not known whether this is the first building on that spot, but it is possible that Philip modified an existing tower. The etymology of the name Louvre is also uncertain: It can reduce the structure's status as the largest end of the 12th Century in Paris (from the French L'Œuvre, masterpiece) and in its location in a forest (from the French Rouvre, oak), or, at the Larousse, a wolf hunting the (via Latin: lupus, lower Empire: Lupara).
The Louvre has undergone many changes throughout the Middle Ages. In the 14th Century, Charles V converted the building into a house and in 1546, Francis I renovated the site in French Renaissance style. [9] Francis acquired what would become the core of the Louvre holdings, including its acquisitions of Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa [10]. After Versailles, Louis XIV chose as his residence in 1682 slowed down construction, however, be permitted to move the Louvre as a residence used for artists.
By the mid-18th Century there were an increasing number of proposals to a public gallery with Lafont Saint-Yenne Publishing, 1747, a call to display the royal collection to create. In 1750, Louis XV agreed and sanctioned the display of some of royal collection in the Louvre. A hall was for public viewing on Wednesdays and Saturdays and include Andrea del Sarto's Charity, and works by Raphael. [14] Louis XVI, the Royal Museum of policy ideas. The Comte d'Angiviller expanded the collection and in 1776 proposed conversion of the Grande Galerie cards included in the "French Museum". Many proposals for the renovation of the Louvre were offered to a museum, but was not agreed. Therefore, the museum remained until the French Revolution incomplete.

French Revolution
During the French Revolution was transformed into a public museum of the Louvre. In May 1791 the Assembly declared that the Louvre would be "a place for the reunification of monuments of all sciences and arts". On 10 August 1792, Louis XVI was arrested and in the Royal Collection of the Louvre was public property. Because of the fear of vandalism or theft, 19 August said the National Assembly of the museum's preparation as a matter of urgency. In October, a committee of "preserving the national memory," which began assembling the collection for display.

Opening

Antonio Canova Psyche Revived by Cupid's was in 1787 commissioned Kiss, and the first version was donated to the Louvre after the reign of Napoleon I in 1824.,
The museum opened on August 10, 1793, the first anniversary of the death of monarchy. The audience was free access to three days a week, there was the "perceived as a great power and was universally popular." Presented the collection of 537 paintings and 184 works of art. Three-quarters were taken from the royal collections, expand to the rest of emigrants and confiscated church property (biens nationaux). And organize the collection, dedicated to the Republic 100 000 livres per year., 1794, France began in the revolutionary armies to bring pieces from all over Europe, like Laocoon and his sons and the Apollo Belvedere to create the Louvre as a museum and as a "sign of popular sovereignty."
The first few days were hectic, Artists in Residence ", lived and hung the unmarked images" frame to floor to ceiling "frame [18]. The building closed in May 1796 because of structural deficits. The re-opening on July 14, 1801 , arranged chronologically, with new lighting and columns.,

Napoleon I
Under Napoleon I, a northern wing parallel to the Grande Galerie was begun, and the collection grew through successful campaigns., After the Egyptian campaign of 1798-1801, Napoleon appointed the first director of the museum, Dominique Vivant Denon. In tribute, the museum "Musée Napoléon" was renamed in 1803 and Spanish, Austrian, Dutch and Italian works were acquired as war booty., After the French defeat at Waterloo, the former owners sought their return. The Louvre's administrators were reluctant to meet many of the works and hidden in their private collections. In response, sent emissaries of foreign governments to London to seek help, and many pieces were returned, even some who had recovered from the Louvre.,[Edit] Restoration and Second EmpireThe Venus de Milo, the Louvre collection was recorded during the reign of Louis XVIII.
During the Restoration (1814-1830), Louis XVIII and Charles X between them has 135 units at a price of 720,000 francs. This was less than the amount given for the rehabilitation of Versailles and the Louvre suffered in comparison to the rest of Paris. After the founding of the Second French Republic in 1848, the new government two million francs for the repair and ordered the completion of the Galerie d'Apollon, the Salon Carré, and the Grande Galerie., By a second December 1851, President Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte staged a coup, the era of the Second Empire French. Between 1852 and 1870, the French economy grew, the museum has reconstructed 20,000 new pieces of his collection, and the Pavillon de Flore and the Grande Galerie were under architect Louis Visconti and Hector Lefuel.,

Third Republic and World Wars
During the Third Republic French Louvre acquired new pieces especially about donations and gifts. The Société des Amis du Louvre demonstrated the Pietà from Villeneuve-lès-Avignon, and in 1863 an expedition discovered the sculpture Winged Victory of Samothrace in the Aegean Sea. This piece, although badly damaged, was displayed prominently since 1884. [25] More than 7,000 works, which arrived after the acquisition of Campana, Durand, salt and Drovetti collections. The 389 items Lacaze Collection, including Rembrandt, as Bathsheba bathing.,
not acquire Museum expansion slowed after the First World War, and the collection of many important new works, the exceptions were Georges de La Tour Saint Thomas and Baron Edmond de Rothschild (1845-1934) 1935 donation of 4,000 engravings, 3,000 drawings and 500 illustrated books. During the Second World War, the museum removed most of the hidden works of art and valuable pieces. On 27 August 1939, after two days of packing, truck convoys started to leave Paris. By 28 December, the Museum of most works vacated left, except those that were too heavy and "unimportant paintings [that] in the cellar" were. In the spring of 1945, after the liberation of France, the art started back in the Louvre.

21 Century
The Musée du Louvre contains more than 380,000 objects and displays 35,000 works of art in eight curatorial departments, with more than 60 600 square meters (652,000 sq ft) is devoted to the permanent collection. [28], the Louvre displays sculptures, art objects, paintings, drawings and archaeological finds. [19] It is the world's most visited museum with an average of 15,000 visitors per day, 65 percent of them tourists. [29] [30] In popular culture, was the Louvre is a point of interest in the book The Da Vinci Code and the 2006 film based on the book. The museum received $ 2.5 million by shooting in its galleries.

State Art and Sculpture Museum in ANKARA

2010-09-09T17:55:00.000-07:00

The State Art and Sculpture Museum

(in Turkish: Ankara Resim ve Müzesi Heykel) was built in 1927 by architect Arif Hikmet Koyunoglu on the direction of Ataturk in Ankara, Turkey. It is close to the Ethnography Museum and houses a rich collection of Turkish art from the late 19th Century to the present. There are also galleries for guest events.
The museum was reopened after restoration of the building in 1980.
Today the museum is a center of art, in which the most important works of the artists that play an important role in the development of Turkish art, painting and sculpture, which only a very short story are right in comparison to more traditional branches of the art be played on display. In addition to the collections of works of art reflect the formation and development of the Turkish times, performing arts, and its classification and the Library of Fine Arts, which fulfills the gap in this area, each year, enriched by the donations of publishing, domestic or Foreign and foreign embassies, or by new purchases, the archives of the Turkish artists to respond satisfactorily to the needs of researchers working in these areas.The State Art and Sculpture Museum, Ankara
The protection of works of art, which is one of the most important tasks of the museum in addition to training is to ensure through the use of a specially developed method to get the best results done in dealing with the problems arising from temperature, humidity and sorting problems . Any damage caused by aging, which may occur in spite of protection are measured by experts in the special unit, which was established restored as a separate division within the established museum.
During the restoration of the building in 1980 and in subsequent years, a further important point to considerable stress was laid on the serve, the construction of workshops of painting, sculpture and ceramics, artists, amateurs and professionals.
What are the security measures that the entire building with a closed-circuit TV, ultrasonic detection and fire alarm systems to be able to control every part of the museum is equipped.
In addition to the workshop at which the original painting and printing courses that are open to the public about the capacity of the museum, special workshops for the Turkish decorating art, ceramics are required, and sculpture in a short time.
Exhibitions of paintings, sculpture, ceramics, art and photography printing programmed to take in Turkey in the framework of international cultural agreements in the three galleries reserved for temporary exhibitions drawn up and these that made works of art of foreign countries known to Turkish public opinion. In addition, exhibitions of Turkish art from the museum's collection is selected, organized abroad in the framework of international cultural agreements. In addition to these exhibitions, retrospectives organized by the General Directorate of Fine Arts; individual exhibitions and competitive exhibitions are among the other activities of the museum.
In the historic hall, which was transformed to its original design during the restoration, various activities such as concerts, theatrical performances and film screenings take place.
Serving the public with its modern cafeteria, shop and audio system of the institution is a place for old art exhibition, with all the attributes of the modern museum of Arts.

The Roman Baths in Ankara

2010-09-09T17:52:00.000-07:00

The Roman Baths of Ankara are the dilapidated remains of an ancient Roman spa in Ankara, Turkey, carried out by excavations in 1937-1944 exposed, and have subsequently been opened to the public as an open-air museum.

History

The bathrooms are on a plateau, as traditionally Çankırı Kapı, the 2.5 meter is known about the west side of Çankırı Caddesi, about 400 meters from the center of the old Ulus district of Ankara, is rising and as Höyük (tumulus) is identified, with Roman, Byzantine and Seljuk mixed, material at the top and Phrygian settlement materials at the base
The ancient city of Ancyra was standing at the crossroads between East and West during the Roman period, the city's strategic location led to its rise to prominence, the capital of the province of Galatia. On the east side of the plateau of roadway running from the city sacred area, the area of the Temple of Augustus, a section that was flanked by the second or third century gray-veined marble columns with Corinthian capitals, while the construction of the Çankiri revealed Caddesi, while the development of Ankara, the new Turkish capital in the 1930s.
The bathrooms were in the third century by Roman Emperor Caracalla (212-217), who also built the Baths of Caracalla in Rome, built in honor of Asclepius, the god of medicine, built and around three main rooms: the caldarium (hot bath), Tepidarium (Warmbad) and the Frigidarium (cold bath) in a typical scale 80m x 120m classic complex. The bathrooms were in use until the eighth century, when it through the fire so that only the ruins of the destroyed basement and first floor.

The adjacent Höyük (tumulus) by Prof. Dr. Remzi Oğuz Arık was excavated in 1937 revealing the Phrygian and Roman remains. General Director of Museums Hamit Z. Kosar and field director Necati Dolunay given further excavations, funded by the Türk Tarih Kurumnu (Turkish Historical Society), the bathroom buildings from 1938 to 1939 revealed and fully exposed to them in 1940-1943. Excavation of the architect Mahmut Akok studied and drew a reconstructed plan of the baths was begun before its restoration [3].
Prof. Dr. Arık able to date the construction of the bath in the reign of Caracalla coins found during excavations by contemporary inscriptions supports, displayed, while other coins were in the bathrooms coninuous use for about 500 years, undergoing repair from time to time .

Layout
The site is on the Ticket Office on Çankırı Caddesi, which opens up the old Palaestra (wrestling court) established by a colonnade of 128 marble columns (32 on each side), now in ruins and is home to a display of graves entered surrounded was, tombstones, altars and other inscriptions from the Roman, Byzantine and late Hellenistic period

Behind the Palaestra of apodeiterium (dressing room) and the three bath buildings are placed in a typical design. The large dimensions of the abnormaly Tepidarium caldarium and was shut down to prevent brought the popularity of these warmer areas during the cold winters of the city. The most prominent surviving features are the stone columns, the floor and was heated by the air in underground ovens in circulation, warm the rooms above supported The remains of the portico are visible in the roadway north of the Palaestra.

Pink Villa in ANKARA

2010-09-09T17:12:00.000-07:00

PİNK VİLLA

Pink Villa is an Ottoman House in the Orchard District Cankaya Ankara, Turkey, which is the city's oldest house and was the home of the Turkish President Ismet Inonu 1925-1973 İnönü bought the villa in 1924 and it was for the strategic meetings of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, as well as concerts, art openings, pool and chess tournaments and the city's first ball, 22 February 1927 used.
The building now houses a museum of personal items İnönü and diplomatic photographs, which is occasionally open to the public.

Ethnography Museum of Ankara

2010-09-09T17:07:00.000-07:00

HistoryThe revolutionaries participated Turkish War of Independence until 1924 to give importance to the national culture in the establishment of the Ethnography Museum also believed in material and spiritual heritage of cult. For this reason Hamdullah Suphi Tanrıöven, Minister of National Education, asked opinion of his work friend turkologist Meszarow J., one of the leaders of the Budapest Ethnographic Museum for the establishment of the museum, and he was offered to for this purpose, which will serve understood from the report submitted to the Ministry of National Education Prof. Meszarow 29 November 1924. Sun at making preparations for the establishment of Public Museum, a special committee under the chairmanship of Prof. Celal Esad (Arseven) in Istanbul in 1924 and chaired by Halil Ethem (Erdem), Director of Museums in Istanbul in 1925 was created for the collection and the purchase of art. 1250 works of art were acquired by the committee, issued in the museum, which was completed in 1927. Hamit Zübeyir Kosar was appointed as director of the museum.The courtyard serves as a temporary mausoleum for Atatürk.
Gazi Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk) visit to the Museum on 15 April 1928, after he informed about the museum, ordered the opening of the Museum of the reason for the visit of Afghan King Amanullah Khan in Turkey. The museum was opened to the public on 18 open in July 1930 and stayed until the courtyard of the museum was assigned as a temporary grave for Atatürk's body in November 1938. The body of Atatürk, it was held until it carried out to Anıtkabir in 1953. This section needs to be kept still as the grave in the memory of Ataturk, has the following inscription on the white marble:

"This is the place where Ataturk, the eternity of the past laid on 10.11.1938, from 21.11.1938 until 10.11.1953."
The Ethnographic Museum served as the mausoleum of Ataturk for 15 years, until the completion of Anıtkabir. It has been visited by the President, ambassadors, foreign delegates and the public. The work was continued during this period in the museum. Changes were necessary for International Museum of the week of November 6-14, 1956 and is the museum for public visits are open again.
The architect of the building is Arif Hikmet (Koyunoglu), which is considered one of the most prestigious architects of the first period of the Republic considered.
Building
The building is rectangular and design is a dome. Stone walls are covered with stones kufeki. Front section is covered with marble and decorated with carvings. 28 steps are used for entry into the building. It is a four-pronged, three-way system input. If entered through the door, you reach the hall under the dome and the columns section called courtyard. It is a marble pool in the middle of the court, and the roof is still open. If this courtyard is assigned as a temporary mausoleum for Atatürk, the pool was installed in the garden and the roof was closed. They are small to large warehouses around the courtyard in the symmetry. Administration section is located next to the Museum and is two floors.
The bronze equestrian statue of Atatürk in front of the museum was of the Ministry of National Education was commissioned and created by Italian sculptor Pietro Canonica.

Collections
The Ethnography Museum is the museum, where Turkish art of Seljuk era issued to the present.
Public clothes, jewelry, shoes, slippers, samples from different regions of Anatolia collected women's and men's socks from Sivas region, various bowls, lace, scarves, belts, towels, bed linen, bridal costume, groom shaving kit, old traditional Turkish art are exhibited.
Technical material and design unique and Turkish carpets, weaving benches from Uşak, Gördes, Bergama, Kula, Milas, Ladik, Karaman, Niğde Kırşehir regions are on display. In fine art samples of Anatolian art mine, there are boiler Mamluks in the 15th Wash century, Ottoman sweet kettle, mugs hand, bowls, trays are coffee, meal tables, cups, candle scissors on exhibition.
Arrows, bows, lights, guns, rifles, swords and other things from the Ottoman period, Turkish ceramics and porcelain and china from Kütahya, religious sect and properties, Turkish inscriptions with the beautiful patterns on display.
Seljuk Sultan Kaykhusraw III to the throne, a fine sampling of Turkish wooden sculptures (13th Century), Ahi Serafettin Sandukası (14th century), Nevsehir Urgup Damsa Village Taşhur Nish Pasha Mosque (12th century), Siirt Ulu Mosque Nish (12 . century), Merzifon Çelebi Sultan Gate Madrassah (15th century) are some of the most important works of art of the museum.
The collection was a gift from Besim Atalay, who is a member of the 7th Period of the Turkish Grand National Assembly (Grand Assembly) was granted.
It is a specialized library with works on Anatolian ethnography, folklore and art history.

Anıtkabit in ANKARA

2010-09-09T17:01:00.000-07:00

VisitorA frontal view of the Anitkabir
On 10 November 2007, the 69th Anniversary of Atatürk's death, 546 620 inhabitants, of which 2 420 foreigners visited Anıtkabir were setting an all-time record of daily visitors. In the first 11 months of 2007 was Anıtkabir more than 11 million visitors, surpassing the total number of visitors for any previous year. In 2006, a total of 8.15 million people visited in 2005 and a total of 3.8 million people             Anıtkabir [2]. Architectural ObjectsThrough to the solemn floor.
The period of Turkish architecture 1940-1950 has been classified by architectural historians as the Second National Architecture Movement. This period is mainly by monumental, symmetrical, cut stone clad buildings, with great emphasis given to detailing and design influenced the construction industry. Anıtkabir contains the same features of that era, and is considered by many as the ultimate monument of the epoch. In addition, Anıtkabir Seljuq and Ottoman architectural and ornamentation features. For example, the eaves of the towers and the Hall of Honour all Seljuq-style sawtooth ornamentation.
Construction
The site was chosen for Anıtkabir as Rasattepe (Observation Hill), which are seen at the time of the architectural competition for Anıtkabir, a central location in Ankara and was known by all parts of the city. Archeological excavations unearthed artifacts from the Phrygian culture, which have been carefully excavated and placed in the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, also in Ankara.
The construction of Anıtkabir, which lasted nine years and spanned four stages, on 9th October 1944 with the groundbreaking ceremony began.
The first phase of construction, comprising the preparatory excavation and construction of the retaining wall of the Lions Road, started on 9 October 1944 and was completed 1945th The second stage of construction, comprising the mausoleum and the surrounding outbuildings the ceremonial ground, on 29 September 1945, and was launched on August 8 completed 1950th At this time, because of problems related to the Mausoleum of the masonry and concrete structure foundations, had some revisions are made. At the end of 1947, the excavation and insulation of the mausoleum foundation was completed and steel reinforcements for the new 11 m. (36.1 ft) high concrete foundation, capable of resisting any kind of settlement of the ground, had come close to completion. Entrance towers, most parts of the road, the orchard installations, plantation works were completed and significant parts of the irrigation system in this phase.The ceremonial ground.
The third phase of construction, the building of the roads in the mausoleum, Lions Road, and the ceremonial ground, the mausoleum of the upper-level stone pavement, the Grand Staircase, the placement of the grand tombstone, and the installation of electricity, sanitation and heating systems.
The fourth and final phase of construction was the laying of the memorial hall pavement, vaults under the side casings and honor hall perimeter stone profiles and fringe decorations, which was completed on 1 September 1953.

  Review of the original plans
Anıtkabir The project originally had a vaulted ceiling above the mausoleum of the perimeter columns supported. On 4 December 1951, the government asked the architects about the possibility of shortening the construction time by lowering the 28 m (92 ft) high ceiling of the Hall of Fame. After studying the topic presented by the architects that it was possible to cover the ceiling with a reinforced concrete slab instead of a stone vault. This change reduces the weight of the ceiling and also eliminated certain constructional risks. Surface reliefs and stonesWall relief.
All stones and marble were brought from various parts of Turkey to be a representation of the Turkish People's devotion to the founder of the Republic. Easy to process porous travertine cladding on exterior concrete surfaces and marble is used, is used for the inner surfaces of the Hall of Fame.
White travertine used for sculpture groups, lion figures and the mausoleum columns was brought from Kayseri and the travertine inside the towers was used and placed in Polatlı Malıköy. The red and black travertine for the installation ceremony of the land of the towers used were from Kayseri. Yellow travertine brought from Çankırı, was for the construction of the Victory Reliefs, the Hall of Honour's perimeter walls and columns of the ceremonial ground used. The red, black and cream-colored marble that was used on the floor of the Hall of Honour brought from Hatay, Adana and Çanakkale were, and was used for the internal walls, tiger-patterned marble from Afyon and green marble from Bilecik. The sarcophogus, a monolithic tombstone with a weight of 40 tons, was brought from Adana and the white marble for the sides of the sarcophagus were also from Afyon.

Layout
There are four main parts Anıtkabir: the Street of the Lions, the Ceremonial Plaza, the Hall of Honor (location Ataturk's grave) and the Peace Park that surrounds the monument.[Edit] Street of Lions
The approach to the monument is a 262 m (860 ft) long pedestrian zone on both sides of twelve pairs of lions in a style that finds the Hittite is lined carved. The lions and Anatolia are shown seated at the same time represent both power and peace. A two-inch gap separating the cobblestones on the streets of the Lions, to ensure that visitors take the time to observe respectful behavior on their way to Ataturk's grave

.Ceremonial Plaza
The Ceremonial Plaza is located at the end of the Lions Road. The area is 129 m (423 ft) long and 84 m (276 ft) wide and was designed to accommodate 15,000 people. The floor is decorated with 373 rugs and kilims (Turkish rug) and is made of travertine in different colors.

Hall of Honor
The Hall of Honor is the iconic symbol Anıtkabir and the location of Ataturk's grave. The structure is 41.65 × 57.35 m (137 ft × 188) in the planning and rises to a height of 17 m (56 ft), with the columns themselves measuring 14.4 m (47).
Ataturk's grave is located directly below the symbolic 40-ton sarcophagus in the ground floor of the Hall of Honor located and Atatürk's corpse is below that in a special Tomb room buried in the basement. The room has an octagonal plan in Seljuk and Ottoman architectural styles, and its pyramidal ceiling is decorated with golden mosaics.

Peace Park
The park surrounding the monument is called a Peace Park in honor of the famous saying of Atatürk "Peace at home, peace in the world." It contains around 50,000 decorative trees, flowers and bushes in 104 varieties, shown from about 25 countries.

Towers, statues, museum
Within the site there are ten towers Anitkabir in a symmetrical arrangement set up. These symbolize the ideals that influenced the Turkish nation and the founding of the Republic of Turkey. The towers are in terms of planning and structure similar: they are rectangular, close to a square, with pyramidal roofs. Bronze arrowheads are placed on top of roofs, as in the traditional Turkish nomad tents. Inside the towers, inspired geometric decoration of the traditional Turkish carpet (kilim) patterns and motifs can be found on the towers' ceilings in fresco technique. There are also inscriptions of quotes by Atatürk that correspond to the theme that tower.

Independence Tower
The relief inside the Independence Tower shows a young man is standing and holding a sword with two hands while an eagle perched on a rock beside him. The eagle stands for power and independence in mythology and in Seljuk art, and the young man with the sword represents the Turkish nation defending its independence.

Women statue group
Before independence, Tower is a statue group of three women in Turkish costumes. The two women on the sides are holding a large wreath reaching to the ground. This wreath made of sheaves of grain, represents the abundant country. The woman on the left side with a cup in her outstretched hand for God's mercy for Atatürk, and the woman in the middle, covered her face with her hand, crying. This group represents the pride of the Turkish women, and their solemnity and determination, even in the deepest grief of losing Atatürk.[Edit] Freedom Tower

The relief inside the Freedom Tower shows a figure of an angel, the one piece of paper and a horse beside it. The angel figure symbolizes the holiness of freedom and the leaf symbolizes the Turkish Declaration of Freedom. The horse figure is a symbol of both freedom and independence.

Men statue group
Before the Freedom Tower is a statue group of three men made. The man at the right side with a helmet and jacket is a Turkish soldier on the left with a book in the hand is a Turkish youth and intellectual, behind those two in the village of clothing, is a Turkish farmer. The serious faces of all three statues, the solemnity and willpower of the Turkish people.

Mehmetcik Tower
The Mehmetcik Tower is located on the right side of the end of the Lion's Road. The relief on the facade shows a Mehmetcik (Turkish foot soldier), leaving home for the front. In this composition, a sad but proud mother holding her hand on the shoulder of her son sends him after the war for the country. There is a bookstore and gift shop in this tower for visitors to purchase articles about Atatürk and Anıtkabir interested.

Victory Tower
The dates of the nation's most important three victories and Atatürk's words about these victories are inscribed on the walls of the tower. Inside the tower, the gun carriage which carried Atatürk's coffin from Dolmabahçe Palace to Sarayburnu will and the navy on 19 November 1938 handed over to the display.

Peace Tower
A relief composition expressing Atatürk's principle of peace at home, peace in the world inscribed on the inside walls of the tower. to this relief, peasants and soldiers protecting them figure by the sword are depicted. This soldier symbolizes the Turkish Army, the strong and genuine keeper of the peace, enable the people to live their daily lives in peace secured by the Turkish army.

23 April Tower

Atatürk's Cadillac on the display
On the inner walls of the tower is a relief to the opening of the Turkish Grand National Assembly on 23 April 1920. The woman was standing in this relief is holding a paper in hand, with an inscription of the date. The key in the other hand symbolizes the opening of the meeting.
Atatürk's Cadillac car, which is 1936-1938, on display in this tower
.Tower of reforms
This tower is the extension of the museum and Atatürk's garments are exhibited here. The relief inside the tower wall shows a weak hand holding the torch about to delete symbolized the downfall of the Ottoman Empire. Another, strong hand raising a radiating torch to the sky symbolizes the reforms with which the new Turkish Republic and Atatürk raised the Turkish Nation to the level of contemporary civilization.[Edit]

Misak-ı Milli (National Pact) Tower
The tower is located at the entrance of the museum (see below) and the discharge in this tower symbolizes the binding in unity. The relief shows four hands in joining hilt. This composition symbolizes the nation's common oath to save the Turkish fatherland.

Anıtkabir Atatürk Museum
Anıtkabir Atatürk Museum opened on 21 June 1960. Ataturk's personal items, his wardrobe, and some of the gifts presented to him can be seen in this museum. Atatürk donated medals, decorations and some personal items to the museum by his adopted children are also exhibited in the museum.

Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in Ankara

2010-09-09T16:47:00.000-07:00

     The Museum of Anatolian Civilizations (Turkish: Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi) is Turkey on the south side of Ankara Castle in County Atpazarı in Ankara. It consists of the old Ottoman Mahmut Pasa bazaar storage building and the Kurşunlu Han. Because of Ataturk's desire to establish a Hittite museum, the buildings were on the suggestion of Hamit Zübeyir Kosar, then bought Culture, National Education Minister, Saffet Arıkan. Following the renovation and repairs completed (1938 -1968), the building for the public as the Ankara Archaeological Museum was opened. It is one of the richest museums in the world] [Edit.
    Today Han Kurşunlu, used as an administrative building, houses the work rooms, library, conference room, laboratory and workshop. The old bazaar building houses the exhibits. Within this Ottoman building, the museum has a number of exhibits of Anatolian archeology. You start with the Paleolithic period, and further chronologically through the Neolithic Age, Early Bronze, Assyrian Trading Colonies, Hittite, Phrygian, Urartu, Greek, Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, Seljuk and Ottoman periods. There is also an extensive collection of artifacts from the excavations in Karain, Çatalhöyük, Hacılar, noteworthy Beyce Sultan, Alacahöyük, Kültepe, Acemhöyük, Boğazköy (Gordion), Pazarlı, Altıntepe, Adilcevaz and Patnos and examples of several periods.
    The exhibits of gold, silver, glass, marble and bronze works are in so far as in the second half of the first millennium BC. The coin collections, with examples from the first shaped relationship to modern times, make the museum a rare cultural treasures.
    Museum of Anatolian Civilizations is reached today, with its historic buildings and their history was deeply rooted, as the first "European Museum of the Year" in Switzerland on 19th April 1997 selected.

             The history of the museum
The first museum in Ankara was Miibarek Galip Bey, Directorate for Culture, established in 1921, called in the section of the Ankara Castle Akkale. In addition to this museum artefacts from the Augustus Temple and the Byzantine Baths were collected. Upon recommendation of Atatürk and from the perspective of establishing an "Eti Museum" in the middle were the Hittite artifacts from the region around Ankara sent and therefore a larger museum was needed.
The Director of Culture at that time be recommended Hamit Zübeyir Kosar and Saffet Arıkan, Minister of Education that the Mahmut Paşa Bazaar and the Inn be repaired and converted into a museum. This recommendation was accepted and restoration continued from 1938 to 1968. After completion of the repair of the bazaar, where the domed structure is arranged in 1940 under the chairmanship of a committee of German archaeologists HG Giiterbock the museum [2].
In 1943, during the repair of the building were still under way, the middle section was opened to visitors. Repair projects were part of this was designed by architect Macit Kural and repair work carried out by the architect in bidding Zühtü Bey performed. In 1948 the museum administration left Akkale as a storage house and the museum was in four rooms of the Han Kurşunlu the repairs which were completed. Restoration and exhibition were part of projects around the dome produced and applied by architect İhsan Kıygı. Five shops were left in their original form, and the walls between the shops were destroyed, and so a great location for exhibitions was provided. The museum building reached its present structure in 1968. Kurşunlu Han, which was used as an administrative building has research rooms, a library, a conference room, a laboratory and workshops, and the Mahmut Paşa Bazaar vaulted cellar was used as an exhibition hall.

         The history of the building
The Anatolian Civilizations Museum is in two buildings near the Ankara Ottoman castle in the historic district of Ankara, Atpazarı. One of the buildings is Mahmut Paşa Bedesteni and the other is Kurşunlu Han (inn, caravanserai).
The Mahmut Pasha was Bedesteni of Mahmut Pasha, one of the ministers (viziers) built by Mehmed II the Conqueror during 1464-1471. The building has no inscriptions. In some sources report that pure Angora garments were distributed here. The design of the building is the classic type. There are 10 domes for a developed rectangle, close to the site, and there are 102 stores across from each other.
According to historical records and registry books of the Han as the basis Kurşunlu (Vakif was built) provide for the financing of Pasha Mehmet (Mehmet the Conqueror vizier) alms in Üsküdar, Istanbul. It does also have no inscriptions. During the repair of 1946, coins of the Murat II period were discovered. The results show that trade existed in the fifteenth century. The Han has the typical design of the Ottoman period Hans. There is a courtyard and an arcade in the middle, and they are surrounded by two-storey rooms. There are 28 ground floor rooms, 30 rooms on the first floor. The rooms have stoves. There is a barn with an "L" type on the ground floor on the west and south of the rooms. On the north side of the Han, there are 11 shops and 9 shops on the east side and 4 shops facing each other in the garden. The inn (han) was built by Mehmet Pasha in 1467 and was Prime Minister Mehmet Pasha (Grand Vizier promoted). was built by Mahmut Pasha Orders the vaulted bazaar. He held his position until 1470th He had his mosque, soup kitchen and madrasa in Üsküdar and his body is buried there.
These two buildings form the museum today were abandoned after the fire in 1881.

* Old Stone Age (.... 8000): The age is by the finds unearthed in the cave Antalya Karain represented. The people of the Old Stone Age were hunters and gatherers with stone tools and bones. The stone tools are displayed in three categories, Lower Paleolithic, Middle Paleolithic and Upper Paleolithic and Late Upper.

    * Neolithic (8000-5500): During this period appeared first villages and agriculture began. The artifacts from Çatalhöyük and Hacılar, the most important places of the Neolithic period, are exhibited in the museum. The collection includes the mother goddess sculptures, wall paintings, clay figurines, stamps, earthenware containers and bone agricultural tools. The most impressive part of this exhibition are hunting scene on gypsum from 7 Millennium BC., A reproduction of a Catalhoyuk room with bull heads mounted on walls, the mother goddess Cybele (later Cybele), Obsidian, wall paintings of erupting Hasan and the city - can be the world's first city map and the wall paintings of Leopard.

    * Chalcolithic (copper-stone) (5500-3000 BC): In addition to stone tools, copper was processed and used in everyday life during this time. The artifacts in Hacılar again, noteworthy Tilkitepe, Alacahöyük Alişar and are exhibited in the museum. The collection contains a large collection of tools made of stone and metal, the goddess figurines, seals and decorative jewelry.
Bronze figure of a naked woman breast feeding a baby in a grave Horoztepe.

    * Early Bronze Age (3000-1950 BC): People of Anatolia smelted copper and tin, and bronze at the beginning of the process invented 3000 BC In addition, the known metals with casting and hammering techniques. buried addition to valuable metal artifacts as grave offerings in royal tombs in Alacahöyük, are artifacts from Hasanoglan, Mahmatlar, Eskiyapar, Horoztepe, Karaoglan, Merzifon, Etiyokuşu, Ahlatlıbel, Karayavşan, Bolu, Beycesultan Semahöyük, Karaz-Tilkitepe in the Old Bronze represented age part of the museum. The Bronze Age Hatti tribes dominate the display. The collection includes solar discs, deer-shaped statuettes, thinner version of female figures and gold jewelry. There is also a reconstruction of a solemn funeral, which emphasizes the religious practices of ancient people.

    * Assyrian Trade Colonies (1950-1750 BC): appeared in writing during this period in Anatolia for the first time. Since Akkadian times Mesopotamians were aware Anatolian resources and wealth. As a result, they became involved in wide commercial relations, led by Assyrians and they brought with them their languages and seals and stamps which was later developed into a writing system. Over 20,000 clay tablets, inscribed in Assyrian cuneiform, illuminate this period. Most of the documents are written with the trade, business concerns, and law. Tin, textiles and clothes were from the Assyrian donkey caravans for the people brought on site and exchanged these goods for silver and gold. Kültepe was the center of the trade network. As a result we are witnessing an explosion in the variety of finds. Cuneiform tablets, drinking vessels in the form of sacred animals such as bull, lion, eagle, wild boar, hare, which were used in religious ceremonies, ritual objects, and stamp seals and their impressions, all kinds of weapons and metal cups artistic value of clay, stone, gold , silver, lead, copper, bronze, were discovered precious stones and tiles from the Assyrian trading colonies Kültepe, Acemhöyük, Alişar and Boğazköy. Another interesting class of finds to 200 years to the rhytons Kültepe, a special group of ceramic art, which is the basis of the Hittite culture.
Bronze Plate from Çorum Boğazköy dating from 1235 BC

    * Hittite period (1750-1200 BC): The ancient Hittite's first political union was close to the crescent of the Kızılırmak River in Anatolia around 2000 BC founded The main locations Boğazköy (Hattusa are), iNAND, Eskiyapar, Alacahöyük, Alişar Ferzant. The highlight of the Great Hittite Empire section is the relief of the god of war by the King's Gate in Boğazköy (Hattusa) taken. Embossed bull figure containers, various fruits and bowls vases with animal forms, notorious iNAND vase, wedding ceremony, tablets of government archives shows, like the seals of the Kings, are bronze statues of fertility gods, bulls, deer and other interesting displays. The exhibition also includes images from Boğazköy, reconstruction of a religious ceremony, the reconstruction of the King's Gate in Boğazköy and images of the excavations in Boğazköy. One of the most important artifacts is the tablet in Akkadian script (1275-1220 BC) - a correspondent from the Egyptian Queen Nefertari (wife of Ramses II) to Hittite Queen Puduhepa (wife of Hattusili III) written after Kadesh Peace Treaty - the first peace treaty in world history, dated 1275-1220 BC found in Boğazköy.

    * Phrygian period (1200-700 BC): The Phrygians, so-called Sea Peoples came from the Balkans to Anatolia in 1200 BC They bought control of Central Anatolia and made their capital, Gordion. The finds from the royal burial mound at Gordion are the majority of the section. The mound measured 300 meters (984 ft.) in diameter and 50 m (164 ft.) in height. The reproduction of the tomb of King Midas, is found in ancient burial mounds, is also displayed here. Carved and inlaid wood furniture (Figure 25), hinged dress pins, ritual vessels, images of animals such as lions, rams and eagles, the reconstruction of a burial ceremony and the statue of the mother goddess Cybele, which the Phrygians are as revered their most important deity in this section shown.

    * Late Hittite period (1200-700 BC): After the fall of the Hittite Empire as a result of the invasion of the Phrygians, some of the Hittites moved to the south and southeast Anatolia and established states. The main sites of this period are Malatya-Arslantepe, Karkamis (Carchemish) and Sakçagözü. The 10-domed Old Bazaar is the center of the museum, home to the reliefs and statues from Neo-Hittite period. The theme of war is emphasized in the relief of soldiers and chariots. represented also portrays rock carved reliefs of the Hittite rulers and the gods of the Hittite Pantheon, statues of the powerful animals such as lion and bull are.

    * Urartian period (1200-600 BC): The Urartuans lived in eastern Anatolia during the same period as the Phrygians. The main locations are Urartian Altıntepe, Adilcevaz, Kayalıdere, Patnos, Van, Cavustepe. Urartians made new progress in the architecture and the mining industry.

    * Lydian Period (1200-546 BC): The origin of the Lydian art comes from the Bronze Age, in which it relations, friendly or hostile, between their ancestors and the Hittites. Lydian spectacular progress made in the Iron Age, especially of Gyges period Croesus (685 BC to 547 BC). The artefacts come from the sixth most Century BC.

    * Classical period and Ankara over the centuries: The collection includes Greek, Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine period artifacts such as statues, jewelry and decorative vessels of gold, silver, glass, marble and bronze, as well as coins, with examples from the first shaped relationship to modern times . In addition, there is a section view of the discoveries recently unearthed from the vicinity of Ankara.

    * Coins are exceptional heritage.

    * Antique jewelry.

Atatürk Museum in ADANA

2010-09-09T16:40:00.000-07:00

Atatürk Museum exhibits the War of Independence and the first years of the Republic at the castle remained Atatürk during his visits to Adana. In view of the Seyhan River, the museum on Seyhan Road is located, and it is open to the public daily except Mondays. Atatürk's visit to Adana is officially celebrated in this building every year on 15 March.

History
The museum building was in the 19 Century manor house built Ramazanoğlu Suphi Pasha. Atatürk and his wife stayed in this house during their visit to Adana on 15 March 1923. The building was expropriated and restored by the "Atatürk Scientific and Cultural Conservation and Revival Society", under the leadership of the Army Corps Commander Bedrettin Demirel with the donations from the community. It was opened as a museum in 1981, administered by the Directorate of Museums.
Architecture

The museum building is one of the traditional row houses Tepebağ. A two-storey structure is built of brick and stone with bay windows and pitch roof. Because of its special properties, it is classified as "Cultural Real Estate under Conservation" by the Ministry and preserved in its original condition.

Inside the museum

The ground floor is the study and the library. In the study area, the newspapers Yeni Adana, Turk sozu, Çukurova and Dirlik which were published during and after the Revolutionary War, are displayed. In the library, nearly two thousand books in Ottoman (Arabic alphabet) and Turkish (Latin alphabet) are written on the display. Most books are obtained through donations.
There are several rooms open to the public on the upper floor. Atatürk's wax figure of retired officer Nevzat Duruak is made, on display in the lobby. In the bedroom of Atatürk brass bedstead, silver threaded quilt and table cloth, traditional Maras style two armchairs and a wardrobe are exhibited. In the study room has a chair, a table and chairs, a telephone, a cupboard and Atatürk's portrait are exhibited. There are bound volumes of "Yeni Adana" newspaper in a showcase and framed photos of the newspaper staff in the press. is stopped Warrior's Room shows the portraits of his fellow soldiers and Girici Gani, Gani Girici's Medal of Honor and a clock at 9.05 clock in memory of Ataturk, the date of death. A nut chair, a water pipe, a metal brazier, kilims and carpets are on display in the living room.
During Atatürk's visit was conducted in Adana, an envoy from French occupied Hatay by Ayse Hanim Fitnat received by Atatürk and presented him with black roses. Atatürk's response to that gesture was "Centuries old Turkish land will not be allowed to be held by the enemy." In Hatay room, there are mannequins to show the event. Even in this room an engraved walnut coffee table, are to see a Turkish flag and various photos of the members of the envoy.
In the armory, different types and calibres of rifles, pistols, generals epaulettes, a model of the house, was born in the Ataturk was a sample of the stone from Osmaniye which was used in Ataturk's grave in Anitkabir and also some collections of antique coins in shop window displays. In the adjutant Atatürk Room, a brass bed, a silver threaded quilt, a walnut superimposed wardrobe, a metal shell and a can be seen. The Kuva-i Milliye space, the busts of Atatürk, Ismet Inönü and other members of Kuva-i Milliye which initiated the movement and distinguish the people for their efforts during this period displayed.

Ethnography Museum in ADANA

2010-09-09T16:35:00.000-07:00

The Museum

Stone Works
In the garden, inscriptions and tombstones in kufi, Zulus and Nezih calligraphy are exhibited. In the southern and northern sections, female and male tombstones in the Ottoman tradition of the 17th Century are also shown plain, headed coin, Mecidiye type stones and stones with crowns shaped as a fez, turban, or in the baroque style. Tombstones some prominent figures such as the governor of Adana, Süleyman Paşazade Ahmet Pasha, the local administrator of the Karaisalı, Hasan Fevzi Bey, the Military Governor of Adana, Miratizade İbrahim Bey, the treasurer of Adana, Mustafa Bey of Sophia, the Chief Forest Inspector Akif Efendi can be found at the library.
In the western section of inscriptions from the Turkish-Islamic works are on display. The most prominent examples among them are the restoration of the inscriptions Misis Inn, Adana Governor's office, Bahripaşa Fountain, Taşköprü, Misis Bridge and the Ottoman State Seal.
Ethnographic works
The etnograhical works that are exhibited in various display cases;

    * 1 Rough leather sole, holy water (Zemzem) set, copper coffee urn, wooden coffee grinders, braziers, bridal clogs, hedik, hand protection (kirkit) kirkit bellows, bags measure, sun
    * 2 Instruments - Ney, reed flute (kaval), tribal zurnas
    * 3 Gold earrings, necklaces and bracelets
    * 4 Silver belts and belt buckles
    * 5 Chains and pearls with silver charm worries
    * 6 Silver anklets, rings, head (Tepel) and bracelet, cigarette holder, cabbage field, and watch with chain
    * 7 Bowed musical instruments (kabak Kemane, Tambur, kemençe)
    * 8 Sword and Shield
    * 9 Short jacket with sleeves (cepken) woman's dress with gold embroidery woven gold women garment displayed on a mannequin
    * 10 Clothing - two bindallı and mannequins displayed cepken

Weaving (Istar) Section
Handlooms and weaving instruments and tools (loom, shuttle kirkit, bowspinning wheel ılkıdır kirmes, çıkrık) and kilim samples on the wall.Nomad (Yörük) tent
The tent is a black horse-hair tent. Inside the tent there are dowry bags, felt and rugs on the floor, wall, pillows, a lamp, a partridge cage, a Hizman, a pistol and a gun powder case. Outside the tent a leather sole (çarık), a wooden cup of water, a stone mortar, a barrel of butter and a spoon case. On the left side of the tent, a nomad girl with a butter churn, a hand mill, and a kilim on the wall with a ram horn motif.Oriental Room
In the middle is a brazier and a fully dressed mannequin girls nomad. On the wall there is a deer skin and a copper tray with inscriptions.

    * No. 1-Cases 2-3: Gold-plated lithographic and Koran, and samples of "guz"
    * Case No. 4: sword, knife, and samples
    * Case No. 5: Black powder cannons and gunpowder-filled cases
    * Case No. 6: flintlock pistols
    * Wall No.7 case: Sword and Shield
    * Case No. 8: towels and purses with silver-gilt thread wave
    * Case No. 9: Frequently used garments of the nomadic tribe women

Panels
Samples of hand woven material from the nomadic tribes living in the Taurus Mountains, including rugs from various styles such as cicim, zili, sumak, ilikli and plain weaves, carpet, saddle bags, prayer rugs and pillows. It is also felt prayer rugs and dowry bags.

Archaeological Museum in ADANA

2010-09-09T16:29:00.000-07:00

Archaeological Museum in ADANA

Adana Archaeological Museum, just west of the Sabanci Mosque in Adana, located park contains the historic heritage of the region Çukurova. It is one of the oldest ten museums in Turkey.


Established	1924
Location	Fuzuli Street / Adana / Turkey

History
The museum was founded with the police shortly after the founding of the republic in 1924. It began with the collection of columns, capitals and sarcophagi found near the building. Halil Kamil Bey from Adana was appointed as Alyanakzade museum director and his successful work, was the accumulated material in the section of the madrasa which no longer exists Cafer Pasha Mosque in 1928, moved and then opened to the public.
The museum was the building occupied at present by the Ethnography Museum on Kuruköprü moved in 1950. Material from the early days of Çukurova which was discovered during excavations carried out in Tarsus / Gözlükule (1934), Mersin / Yumuktepe (1936), Ceyhan / Sirkeli (1938) and Yüreğir / Misis (1958) in particular the experience museum. The museum was finally to the brim with the ethnographic material by the director of the museum, Ali Riza Yalman (Yalkın) he collected during the investigations carried out between 1933 to 1940 filled, and because it is the only museum in the region was obtained with material either through acquisitions or judicial decisions, ranging from a large area of Kahramanmaraş to Gaziantep, the museum moved to its present location on 7 January 1972.

The museum

At the entrance of the museum is a gateway Lion from the Hittite period and two Augustus Statues from Silifke / Taşucu and Uzunburç. The exhibits include sarcophagi with rich garland decorations, jugs, catapult shots, inscriptions, altars and various architectural elements.Adana Archaeology Museum III.jpg
The ground floor is the hall of stone artifacts cut. A marble sarcophagus representation of the Trojan wars in high relief from Tarsus and is known as Akhilleus sarcophagus. There is also a sarcophagus with a Medusa from the ancient city of Augusta, which was submerged because of the Seyhan Dam, and a human Karataş size bronze statue of the ancient city in Magarsus Karataş, both of which are considered the most pieces in the vernacular of this hall.
In the Hall of Chronological Objects, a variety of findings from the early days of the Ottoman periods are displayed, including offerings, pottery, oil lamps, gods, goddesses and animal figures. The mosaic of Orpheus Playing the Lyre, Tepebağ discovered in the city is also in this hall.
In the hall of Regional Objects, Works from the Adana own collection obtained from the excavations and through purchases on display. Glass object samples with rich forms, Seljuk tiles and seals from different cultures are also shown.
In the Hall of coins, seals and jewelry, will be issued beginning with the Lydians, who were the first to discover for coins, jewelry and treasures buried in the districts of Adana.