eWindows eLinux Tips and Tutorials

Removing blogspot Navbar

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Thu, 04 Jun 2009 07:09:00 +0000

Once logon to your blogspot account,

Select Layout then Template tab.
Click Edit HTML. Under the Edit Template section to view your blog's HTML.

Copy and paste the code below bet the Blogger Template Info and before Variable Definitions.

See below for further details:

...
Blogger Template Style
Name: TicTacToe Template
Designer:
Date: 10 Sept 2007
Updated by: Blogger Team

#navbar-iframe {
display: none !important;
}

/* Variable definitions

Installing windows xp using USB flash drive

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Mon, 25 May 2009 18:27:00 +0000

I encountered a new system with windows vista installed but my boss wants it to be on windows XP, the problem is it doesn't have a floppy drive and a cdrom. So installing windows xp is by using flash drive, external usb cdrom drive, network boot or having a flash dish bootable with windows xp on it.

Solution:

Search and download a third part software called PetoUSB!
Extract and Run PETOUSB program and see like this..

and check the settings oultline as follows:

* Make sure to put the Right Source path (e.g. CD Drive letter) and tick Enable File Copy (no overwrite)

Walahh... Boot order from your BIOS must be on USB Flash

Mounting Floppy Disks and Removable Media

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Wed, 19 Dec 2007 14:56:00 +0000

In order to read floppy disks and other removable media, you need to mount the device. Linux usually adds the proper settings to /etc/fstab and default mount points to the /mnt directory.

The defaul mount points are straightforward; for example, floppy are mounted on /mnt/floppy, CD's are mounted on /mnt/cdrom. You can do this using the following command:

#mount -t vfat /dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy

the -t switch specifies the type of filesystem(vfat). The device file /dev/fd0 represents the first floppy drive; /mnt/floppy is the directory through which you can access the files after mounting.

If you take a look at your /etc/fstab entry and you will see something like the ff:

/dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy auto noauto,owner,kudzu 0 0

This /etc/fstab line sets the default configuration for he first floppy drive (/dev/fd0). The ormat is auto which means that the mount command searches the filesystems and so all you need to mount the floppy is he following command:

#mount /dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy

Similarly, the device for your CD-ROM is normally /dev/cdrom. To mount an ISO9660 CD-ROM, run he command:

#mount -rt iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom

Now you can read he contents of /mnt/cdrom or /mnt/floppy as if it were a normal filesystem on your system. You don't have to use /mnt/floppy or /mnt/cdrom directories rather you can use any available empty directory of your choice.

You can add the cd-rom entry on your /etc/fstab config file just like this:

/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom udf,iso9660 noauto,owner,kudzu,ro 0 0

Asyou can see, iso9660 is already specified as the default CD filesystem and CD's are mounted as read-only(ro) by default. Therefore, all you need to command in mounting the CD is either one of the following:

#mount /mnt/cdrom
#mount /dev/cdrom

To unmount floppy or cdrom, use the umount command:

#umount /mnt/floppy
#umount /mnt/cdrom

Take note that it is imprtant to unmount floppy disk before removing them. Otherwise, you may lose the data which might still be in he cache.

Restricting User's Login

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Tue, 18 Dec 2007 16:32:00 +0000

When we talk about forcing a user to log off, what we’re really talking about is time restrictions on certain account system access and services. The easiest way I’ve found to implement time restrictions is by using software called Linux-PAM.

Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM) is a mechanism for authenticating users. Specifically, we’re going to use the pam_time module to control timed access for users to services.

Using the pam_time module, we can set access restrictions to a system and/or specific applications at various times of the day as well as on specific days. Depending on the configuration, you can use this module to deny access to individual users based on their name, the time of day, the day of week, the service they’re applying for, and their terminal from which they’re making the request.

When using pam_time, you must terminate the syntax or rule in the /etc/security/time.conf file with a newline.

Always remeber that pound sign [#] is a comment and the system will ignore that text inline to it.

This is an example configuration file for the pam_time module.

Its syntax was initially based heavily on that of the shadow package (shadow-960129).

The syntax of the lines is as follows:

services;ttys;users;times

The first field — services = list of PAM service names.
The second field — tty =logic list of terminal names.
The third field — user = is a logic list of users or a netgroup of users.
The fourth field — times =indicates the applicable times.

Here’s an example of a typical set of rules:

login ; * ; !ron ; MoTuWeThFr0800-2000
login ; * ; !root ; !Al0000-2400
http ; * ; !ron ; MoTuWeThFr0800-2000
http ; * ; !root; !Al0000-2400
ftp ; * ; !ron ; MoTuWeThFr0800-2000
ftp ; * ; !root; !Al0000-2400

These rules restrict user ron from logging on between the hours of 0800 and 2000, and they also restrict http and ftp access during these hours.

Root would be able to logon at any time and browse the Internet during all times as well.

Deleting a linux file with spaces

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Thu, 29 Nov 2007 19:46:00 +0000

It is a common issue and can be found on many blogsites how to delete a file/s with spaces. But I want to share my own version. The solution for this problem is to use a quotation mark "" (quotes), backslash or the tab key.

Trying to create a file:
#touch filename test 1
# ls -al
total 24
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 29 23:17 .
drwxr-x--- 38 root root 16384 Nov 29 23:17 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 29 23:17 1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 29 23:17 filename
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 29 23:17 test

Using quotes:
#touch "filename test 1"
#ls -al
total 24
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 29 23:20 .
drwxr-x--- 38 root root 16384 Nov 29 23:17 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 29 23:20 filename test 1

Listing file/s with spaces:
#ls -la filename test 1
ls: filename: No such file or directory
ls: test: No such file or directory
ls: 1: No such file or directory

Listing file/s with quotes and backslash:
#ls -la "filename test 1"
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 29 23:20 filename test 1

or

# ls -la filename\ test\ 1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 29 23:20 filename test

or using the tab button
#ls -al filename
then hit TAB key and all filename* will show up and type the next character

Removing file without quotes
# rm filename test 1
rm: cannot lstat `filename': No such file or directory
rm: cannot lstat `test': No such file or directory
rm: cannot lstat `1': No such file or directory

Using quotes in removing file with spaces:
# rm "filename test 1"
rm: remove regular empty file `filename test 1'? y

Moving/ Renaming directory w/o quotes
# ls -la
total 28
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Nov 29 23:32 .
drwxr-x--- 38 root root 16384 Nov 29 23:17 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 29 23:29 folder test 1
Note: folder test 1 is a directory

#mv folder test 1 foldertest1
mv: target `foldertest1' is not a directory

Using quotes:
# mv "folder test 1" foldertest1
# ls -la
total 28
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Nov 29 23:34 .
drwxr-x--- 38 root root 16384 Nov 29 23:17 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 29 23:29 foldertest1

or Using the backslash

# mv folder\ test\ 2 foldertest2
# ls -la
total 28
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Nov 29 23:36 .
drwxr-x--- 38 root root 16384 Nov 29 23:17 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 29 23:29 foldertest2

Deleting directory with quotes
# rm -rf "folder test 2"
# ls -la
total 24
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 29 23:38 .
drwxr-x--- 38 root root 16384 Nov 29 23:17 ..

or Using backslash or tab key

Your Ad Here

Why Linux ?

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Mon, 26 Nov 2007 23:59:00 +0000

Linux is now rapidly becoming the operating system of choice in many core areas of business. It is transforming information technology in many exciting ways from being used in products ranging from cell phones and PDAs to cars and mainframe computers. In addition to being cost-effective, it is constantly being updated and refined with the latest technologies. As Linux gains greater acceptance in todays Information and Communication Technology, more and more companies are supporting Linux both application and hardware compatibility.

Like its many uses, Linux has a variety of printed and electronic guides to show you what to do. The specialist guides are highly detailed focusing on narrow areas of excellence. The encyclopedic guides for beginners focus on Linux fundamentals and then only introduce you to more specialized topics. Everyone can start learning this spectacular and versatile Operating System from beginner users to having the confidence of an expert.

Types of Linux:

Distribution	PCLinuxOS
Home Page	http://www.pclinuxos.com/
Origin	USA
Mailing Lists	http://docs.mypclinuxos.com/Mailing-list
User Forums	http://www.pclinuxos.com/index.php?option=com_smf&Itemid=58
Alternative User Forums	LinuxForums • LinuxQuestions.org
Documentation	http://docs.pclinuxos.com/

Distribution	Ubuntu
Home Page	http://www.ubuntu.com/
Origin	Isle of Man
Mailing Lists	http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/
User Forums	Ubuntu Forums
Alternative User Forums	LinuxForums • LinuxQuestions.org
Documentation	https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UserDocumentation


Distribution	openSUSE (formerly SUSE Linux)
Home Page	http://www.opensuse.org/
Origin	Germany
Mailing Lists	http://en.opensuse.org/Communicate/Mailinglists
User Forums	SUSE Forums • Novell Support Forum Forums • LinuxQuestions.org Unixboard.de (German) Polskie Forum SUSE Linux (Polish) LinuxForo (Spanish) openSUSE Forum (Swedish)
Alternative User Forums	LinuxForums • LinuxQuestions.org
Documentation	http://en.opensuse.org/Documentation SUSE Support Knowledge Base

Distribution	Fedora Project
Home Page	http://fedoraproject.org/
Origin	USA
Mailing Lists	http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Communicate
User Forums	Fedora Forum
Alternative User Forums	LinuxQuestions.org • LinuxForums
Documentation	http://docs.fedoraproject.org/ http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Docs

Distribution	Sabayon Linux (formerly RR4 Linux and RR64 Linux)
Home Page	http://www.sabayonlinux.org/
Origin	Italy
User Forums	http://forum.sabayonlinux.org/
Alternative User Forums	LinuxQuestions.org • LinuxForums
Documentation	http://wiki.sabayonlinux.org/

Distribution	Debian GNU/Linux
Home Page	http://www.debian.org/
Origin	Global
Mailing Lists	http://lists.debian.org/
User Forums	Debian User Forums • LinuxQuestions.org • DebianForum.de (German) • Unixboard.de (German) • Debian Srbija forumi (Serbian) • esDebian (Spanish)
Alternative User Forums	LinuxQuestions.org • LinuxForums
Documentation	http://www.debian.org/doc/ Debianizzati (Italian)

Distribution	Mandriva Linux
Home Page	http://www.mandrivalinux.com/ http://www.mandriva.com/
Origin	France
Mailing Lists	http://www.mandriva.com/en/mailing_lists
User Forums	http://forum.mandrivaclub.com/ Mandriva Users • MandiNux (French) • MandrivaUser.de (German) • Unixboard.de (German)
Alternative User Forums	LinuxQuestions.org • LinuxForums
Documentation	http://www.mandriva.com/en/community/users/documentation

Distribution	MEPIS
Home Page	http://www.mepis.org/
Origin	USA
User Forums	http://www.mepislovers.org/
Alternative User Forums	LinuxQuestions.org • LinuxForums
Documentation	http://mepis.com/docs/

Distribution	The Slackware Linux Project
Home Page	http://www.slackware.com/
Origin	USA
Mailing Lists	http://www.slackware.com/lists/ http://mailman.lug.org.uk/mailman/listinfo/slackware (unofficial)
User Forums	Slackware Help • LinuxQuestions.org • Forum Slackware (Polish) • SlackBR (Portuguese)
Alternative User Forums	LinuxForums • LinuxQuestions.org
Documentation	The Revised Slackware Book Project • Slackware Basics

Distribution	CentOS
Home Page	http://www.centos.org/
Origin	Global
Mailing Lists	http://www.centos.org/modules/tinycontent/
User Forums	http://www.centos.org/modules/newbb/
Alternative User Forums	LinuxQuestions.org • LinuxForums

Distribution	Damn Small Linux
Home Page	http://www.damnsmalllinux.org/
Origin	USA
User Forums	http://damnsmalllinux.org/cgi-bin/forums/ikonboard.cgi
Alternative User Forums	LinuxQuestions.org • LinuxForums

Distribution	KNOPPIX
Home Page	http://www.knoppix.org/ (German) http://www.knoppix.com/ (English)
Origin	Germany
Mailing Lists	http://lists.debian.org/debian-knoppix/
User Forums	http://www.knoppix.net/forum/ http://knoppix.crealabs.it/ (Italian)
Alternative User Forums	LinuxQuestions.org • LinuxForums
Documentation	http://www.knoppix.net/docs/

Distribution	FreeBSD
Home Page	http://www.freebsd.org/
Origin	USA
Mailing Lists	http://www.freebsd.org/community/mailinglists.html
User Forums	FreeBSDForums.org (unofficial)
Alternative User Forums	LinuxForums • LinuxQuestions.org
Documentation	http://www.freebsd.org/docs.html

World Most Expensive Remote Control

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Mon, 26 Nov 2007 23:10:00 +0000

Would you mind paying $55,000 for a gold remote control in making your life easier?

See excerpts from Lantic System:

The Danish hi-tech manufacturer Lantic Systems, which is specialized in developing high end integrated entertainment systems, has designed a remote control in pure gold.

It is probably the world’s most expensive remote control on the market – at a price in excess of USD 55k. The new remote control – Gold RC1 – was presented today at the METS 2007 Exhibition in Amsterdam, Holland – the worlds biggest marine equipment trade show.

Lantic Systems is ready to deliver Gold RC1 from December 2007 and the first orders have already been received. Modeled after the original RC1 from Lantic Systems, the Gold RC1 offers the same sleek form factor and cool metallic finish and ease of use that have made the RC1 one
of the hottest remote controls on the market today.

The Gold RC1 is as well as in design as in function the centre of the Lantic Entertainment system which offers control over TV/video/dvd, music/CD, internet, e-mail, CCTV, burglary alarm, lights, curtains, air-conditioning and surveillance of navigation systems etc.

This is a unique technology which matches the other integrated state-of-the-art management and entertainment systems, which Lantic Systems is specialized in developing for the mega yachts and the exclusive homes worldwide.

Nokia N810 Internet Tablet

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Sun, 25 Nov 2007 14:35:00 +0000

The N810 is now available and its the first of Nokia's Linux-based tablets to feature a full Mozilla-based browser, although a user-installable Mozilla-based browser was available for the N800. The new device's browser aims to let users enjoy the most sophisticated "Web 2.0" social networking sites with an experience very similar to Firefox on the desktop.

The N810 is smaller, heavier, and faster than the older N800, with new features that include a slide-out hardware QWERTY thumb keyboard, GPS receiver, FM transmitter (for in-car listening), and a light-sensing screen dimmer.

Technical Specification:

General

Size
Volume: 128 cc
Weight: 226 g
Length: 72 mm
Width: 128 mm
Thickness: 14 mm

Display
High-resolution 4.13" WVGA display (800 x 480 pixels) with up to 65,000 colors

Processor
TI OMAP 2420, 400Mhz

Memory
DDR RAM 128MB
Flash 256MB

Storage
Up to 2GB internal memory
Support for compatible miniSD and microSD memory cards (with extender). Supports cards up to 8GB. (SD cards over 2GB must be SDHC compatible.)

Operating times*
Battery: Nokia Maps BP-4L
Continuous usage (display on, wireless LAN active): up to 4 hours
Music playback: up to 10 hours
Always online time: up to 5 days
Standby time: up to 14 days
*Operating times may vary depending on the radio access technology used, configuration and usage. The availability of the product and its features depend on your area and service providers, so please contact them and your Nokia dealer for further information.

Other characteristics
Smooth slide with integrated QWERTY keyboard
Built-in GPS receiver
High quality stereo speakers and sensitive microphone
High-resolution widescreen display
Integrated desk stand
Integrated VGA web camera
HW key to lock touch screen and keys
Ambient light sensor

Connectivity
WLAN standard: IEEE 802.11b/g
Bluetooth specification v. 2.0 +EDR
Profiles supported: HID, FTP, DUN, GAP, SPP, HSP, SAP and OPP
USB 2.0 high speed
3.5 mm stereo headphone plug (Nokia AV Connector)

Language support
HW keyboard variants: English, German, French, Italian, Spanish-Portuguese, Scandinavian and Russian
User interface languages: British English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, American English, Brazilian Portuguese, Canadian French, Latin American Spanish, Danish, Swedish, Finnish, Russian, Dutch, Norwegian, Portuguese
User guide languages: British English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, American English, Brazilian Portuguese, Canadian French, Latin American Spanish, Danish, Swedish, Finnish, Russian, Dutch, Norwegian, Portuguese, Arabic

Internet Tablet OS: maemo Linux based OS2008
General
Easy install for new applications, applets, and personalization
Operating system updates available over the Internet

Web Browsing
Browser based on Mozilla technology with state-of-the-art web standard support including AJAX
Page navigation with scrolling, panning or using hardware buttons, zooming in and out of web sites.
Full desktop Adobe® Flash® 9 plugin, including video and audio streaming

Media
In-built media player for viewing and listening to downloaded, transfered or streamed media content and easy-on-device management of media library
Direct access to shared media over Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)
Supported video formats: 3GP, AVI, WMV, MP4, H263, H.264, MPEG-1, MPEG-4, RV (RealVideo)
Supported audio formats: MP3, WMA, AAC, AMR, AWB, M4A, MP2, RA (RealAudio), WAV
Supported playlist formats: M3U, PLS, ASX, WAX, WVX, WPL

Communications
Internet messaging and calling with video
Effortless and automated presence and contacts application for centralizing communication tasks
SIP support and interoperability with industry standard services

Map
Map application with pre-loaded maps including points of interests
Premium services available on purchase including Wayfinder navigation(the voice-guided navigation service is expected to be available in December 2007).

E-mail
Browser access to familiar webmail services
E-mail application for personal e-mail usage with IMAP, STMP, and POP3 support

Images
Full-screen image viewing and slideshow functionality
Supported Image formats: BMP, GIF, ICI, JPE, JPEG, PNG, TIF/TIFF, SVG, Tiny, WBMP
RSS Reader
Reader for subscribing, managing and keeping up-to date with web feeds
Support for RSS 1.0/2.0 and Atom 1.0

Utilities
File manager
PDF reader
Clock
Games chess, blocks, mahjong and marbles
Backup and restore
Input Methods
HW keyboard, full screen finger keyboard and on-screen keyboard

source specs: nokia technical specs

Fedora Core 8 - Insight

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Mon, 19 Nov 2007 23:36:00 +0000

The much awaited Fedora Core 8 was final released on 08 Nov 2007. The version8 named "WEREWOLF"

    "Werewolf" moves across the land
    Router meltdowns close at hand
    Sysadmins in search of blood
    For those who caused this bandwidth flood
    And whosoever took the risk
    But failed to make an extra disc
    Must face the Bastard Op from Hell
    And lose his access to the shell


    The best of Linux now is here
    To kill the FUD and strike with fear
    The hearts of those who steal your rights
    And hide their code far from your sight
    Closed source takes away what's yours
    But you'll never shake the horror
    Until you taste the freedom and
    The power of FEDORA!

For Screenshoots Installation: Click this link

After the released of FC8, you opt to know those common bugs while installing, configuring and maintaining your desktop hardwares and softwares where bugs are on their ways.

Common Issues

CD/DVD Install Hangs

There appears to be an issue between ISOLINUX and certain BIOSes where the USB keyboard does not work at the boot menu. This can be worked around by holding down the "shift" key during bootup to force the bootloader into text mode.

Bug 239585 - On certain systems, the CD/DVD may hang during boot with message "Ready". Most of the bugs that caused this are thought to be fixed, though on some systems adding "edd=skipmbr" to the kernel command line, works around this issue.

Upgrade Hang

Bug 372011 - Anaconda hangs in postselection in Fedora 7 to Fedora 8 upgrade. This problem is still being investigated.

Sun Java Bug

Bug 254144 Fedora 8 includes IcedTea, a free and open source derivative of OpenJDK. Users trying to install Sun Java might run across a bug with the Sun JVM that makes it incompatible with the newer libX11 included in Fedora 8. Workaround is documented. We highly recommend using IcedTea instead.

Suspend/Resume Problem With Nvidia cards

Suspend option in the menu has been deliberately disabled in this release on systems with Nvidia cards since the default "nv" Xorg driver from Nvidia has a number of problems in handling of suspend and resume correctly. If you wish to override this default, add a file that contains ALLOW_NV_SUSPEND="yes" under /etc/pm/config.d

NetworkManager cannot connect to EAP-TLS secured wireless networks

Bug 323371 - The NetworkManager 0.7 snapshot included in Fedora 8 cannot connect to networks that use encrypted certificate files for authentication. A fix will be available soon.

NetworkManager fails to see wireless networks with Intel 3945 chipsets

Bug 319071 If you have the Intel 3945 wireless chipset, you may experience trouble finding and associating with wireless networks in NetworkManager. Try adding

options iwl3945 disable_hw_scan=1

to /etc/modprobe.conf

Cannot start ssh: Service will not start after installation of the x86_64 version

Bug 364971 - /usr/sbin/sshd: Permission denied

This issue should be fixed by updating to the latest selinux-targeted-policy which is greater than selinux-policy-targeted-3.0.8-44.fc8

Package Updater (PUP) is asking to insert CD

Bug 381721 - In a fresh F8 DVD install, you might see Package Updater (PUP) is asking to insert CD when you launch it for the first time. As a work-around, click on Repository Manager and uncheck "Install Media". See a screenshot.

Booting Installer on Dell Notebooks

Using boot.iso the install hangs during the initial boot at the following:

running install...
running /sbin/loader

Try adding

nohz=off nolapic

to the kernel line.

Less Common Issues

Help viewer crashes when searching

Bug 361041 - yelp (the GNOME Help Browser) may crash when you use its search box. This happens on systems where virt-manager is installed, due to a bug exposed by a bad help file in the virt-manager package. Bug 361071 tracks the bad help file.

This is fixed in yelp-2.20.0-5.fc8, which is available as an update.

Change in behavior: Partition table claimed to be invalid on previously working drive

Bug 241288 - Prior to Fedora 7, the host protected area of hard drives was often ignored and formatted as usable drive space. Starting with Fedora 7 and the new libata driver subsystem, the host protected area is respected by default. As a result, its possible the Fedora 8 kernels will believe your drive has a partition that extends off the end of the disk, as the sectors of the hpa are masked out. The work-around to upgrade such systems is to pass the module parameter 'libata.ignore_hpa=1' when booting the installer. For example, when booting the installer cd, boot with:

boot: linux libata.ignore_hpa=1

Those upgrading from FC6 or earlier via yum on impacted systems can add a line to modprobe.conf along these same lines to allow an F8 kernel to boot their system. Ex:

options libata ignore_hpa=1

Upgrade fails when using SELinux strict policy

Bug 369611 - Machines using the SELinux strict policy (selinux-policy-strict package) cannot upgrade because the new consolidated selinux-policy-targeted package does not properly obsolete the old strict package. To upgrade, first remove the strict policy using the command rpm -e selinux-policy-strict.

Note: I will install FC8 later and I will definitely post some of the bug fixes.

File source: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Bugs/F8Common

SSH Howto Tips

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Mon, 12 Nov 2007 21:44:00 +0000

**X Forwarding over SSH

To run GUI programs on one machine using another machine, We can use X forwarding by connecting using ssh -X user@remotecomputer and once logged in running the command to start the GUI app, the GUI window will open on the local machine. X11Forwarding must be enabled in the file /etc/ssh/sshd_config which is usually set by default.

To speed things up -Y (Trusted X11Forwarding) or -C (compression) can be used instead of -X.
X11Forwarding is also applicable accessing windows computer via linux system using rdesktop (remote desktop).

e.g. #ssh -Y user@remotehost rdesktop remotecomputer

where remotehost is a linux server and remotecomputer(windowsPC) can be access via linux server only.

**Automatic SSH login without password

SSH is a secure clone of RSH with RSA encryption based authentication. This article tells you how to use ssh without having to type in your password every time you use 'ssh'.

First, generate your public/private keys using ssh-keygen

#ssh-keygen - This will generate 'identity' and 'identity. pub' in the .ssh directory in your home directory.
#ssh-keygen -t rsa -This will generate 'id_rsa' and 'id_rsa.pub' in the .ssh directory in your home directory.

When asked, just press enter for safety. Goto directory where you generate your ssh key. Usually, ~user/.ssh/

Second, Copy the *.pub file to the .ssh directory of the remote host using scp command.

[root@ron .ssh]#scp filename.pub ron1@remotehost:/home/ron1/.ssh/

Under ron1:

#cd /home/ron1/.ssh
[root@ron1 .ssh]#touch authorized_keys
[root@ron1 .ssh]#cat filename.pub > authorized_keys

To append ssh key type:
(Use for setting up multiple access keys.)

[root@ron1 .ssh]#cat filename.pub >> authorized_keys

Finally, you can try ssh without entering password and Viola!

#ssh ron1@remotehost or simply
#ssh remotehost

**Runing Commands Over SSH

Sometimes you don't really want to run a shell like Bash on the host you are connecting to. Maybe you just want to run a command and exit. This is easy to accomplished by putting the command you wish to run at the end of your ssh connection command.

#ssh user@remotehost ls -l /home
#ssh user@remotehost less /etc/hosts.allow

**Keeping your SSH session alive

Keeping your SSH session up and idle is sometimes a problem. For whatever reason, the connection dies at X minutes of inactivity. Usually this happens because there is a firewall between you and the internet that is configured to only keep stateful connections.

Fortunately, in recent versions of OpenSSH, there is a fix for this problem. Simply put in your sshd_config file the following:

Host *
Protocol 2
TCPKeepAlive yes
ServerAliveInterval 60

**Allow only specific users to log in via SSH

You should not permit root logins via SSH, this is a big and unnecessary security risk. If an attacker gains root login for your system, he can do more damage than if he gains normal user login. Configure SSH server so that root user is not allowed to log in. Find the line that says:

PermitRootLogin yes

Change yes to no and restart the service. You can then log in with any defined user and switch to user root if you want to become a superuser.

It is wise to create a dummy local user with absolutely no rights on the system and use that user to login into SSH. That way no harm can be done if the user account is compromised. You can specify certain users who you want to have access by editing your sshd_config file.

At the end of sshd_config file I would add a line like this:

AllowUsers ron hannah jean

Allowing only specific hosts using tcp wrappers

You can allow only specific hosts on a network to be able to connect to your SSH service, but you don't want to use or mess up your iptables configuration. Instead, you can use TCP wrappers, in this case the sshd TCP wrapper.

By default TCP wrappers first look in the /etc/hosts.deny file to see what hosts are denied for what service. Next, TCP wrapper looks in /etc/hosts.allow file to see if there are any rules that would allow hosts to connect to a specific service. Edit your /etc/hosts.deny using your favorite editor. For me, I always use vi editor.

#vi /etc/hosts.deny
sshd: ALL

This means that by default all hosts are forbidden to access the SSH service. This needs to be here, otherwise all hosts would have access to the SSH service, since TCP wrappers first looks into hosts.deny file and if there is no rule regarding blocking SSH service, any host can connect.

Next, create a rule in /etc/hosts.allow to allow only specific hosts to use the SSH service. Let say, local subnet 192.168.1.0/24 or specific IP 192.100.1.2. Only hosts specified below can access the ssh service.

#vi /etc/hosts.allow then add:
sshd: 192.168.1 192.100.1.2

All other hosts are disconnected before they even get to the login prompt, and receive an error like this:

ssh_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host

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Olympus SP-310 digital camera

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Mon, 12 Nov 2007 13:48:00 +0000

Most of us know how we like taking pictures of families, friends, mates, etcetera. Me myself used to love taking pictures of people and places but not taking macro images. I started to love macro photography of any kind after looking some sample photos on the net. When I saw a many insects, flies, animals, flowers, bugs and some sort, I was amazed of how their characters are, the combinations of their body color was so spectaculars that even the tiniest insect were amazing in their own ways. From there my urge to start taking pictures of any kind started. Well then, I bought a Olympus SP-310 two yrs ago and it's suitable for a novice photographers like me.

SP-310 Introduction:
The Olympus SP-310 features a 7.1-megapixel CCD, 3x lens, and the availability of full manual exposure control in a pocket-friendly, compact size. Very similar to its brother SP350 (8MP-black). In addition to the camera's automatic and manual controls, the SP-310 offers no less than 24 preset Scene modes, including a QuickTime Movie mode. With its small size, nice selection of creative controls, and high resolution sensor, the Olympus SP-310 is an excellent all-around camera suitable for novices and experienced amateurs alike.

The Olympus SP-310 is something of a dichotomy in design: While it's quite narrow at one end, it tapers out to a big grip, an unusual shape, but it emphasizes the camera's big capabilities in a small package.

Basic Features

* 7.1-megapixel CCD
* 2.5-inch color LCD display
* Real image optical viewfinder
* 3x, 8-24mm zoom lens (equivalent to a 38-114mm
* 5x Digital Zoom
* Aperture range from f/2.8 to f/8
* Shutter speeds from 1/2,000 to 15 seconds, with a Bulb setting (maximum eight seconds)
* Automatic, Program, Aperture Priority, Shutter Priority, and Manual exposure control, with 24 preset Scene modes
* Built-in flash with five operating modes
* External flash hot shoe
* xD-Picture Card storage, plus 25MB internal memory
* Power supplied by two AA-type batteries, single CR-V3 battery, or optional AC adapter
* Olympus Camedia Master software for both Mac and Windows

Special Features

* TruePic TURBO Image Processor
* A Guide button for help in most menus
* Live histogram and grid overlay
* Macro and Super Macro lens adjustment
* Noise reduction for long exposures
* Panorama mode for stitching together multiple images
* "2 in 1" multi-exposure and Timelapse photography modes
* White balance (color) adjustment with eight preset modes and a manual setting, and a fine tuning adjustment
* Digital ESP (full frame), Center-Weighted, and Spot exposure metering options
* Adjustable ISO to 64, 100, 200, or 400 equivalents, plus an Auto setting
* Normal, High Speed, and AF Sequential Shooting modes
* QuickTime movies (with sound)
* "Calendar" organization of captured images
* "Album" organization for favorite photos
* DPOF (Digital Print Order Format), PRINT Image Matching III, and PictBridge compatibility
* DCF (Design rule for Camera File system) compatibility
* Exif 2.2 compatibility
* USB 2.0 High Speed with AutoConnect (no driver software needed) and USB cable
* Video cable for connection to a television set

For more information and some picture samples: click here

African Lizard

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Sat, 10 Nov 2007 21:59:00 +0000

Lizards are reptilian, often four-legged,with an integumentary system comprising scales, with a skull composed of quadrate bones. Lizards also possess external ears and movable eyelids. Encompassing forty families, there is tremendous variety in color, appearance and size. Due to their smooth, shiny appearance, lizards can appear slimy or slippery; their skin is actually very dry due to a lack of pores to excrete water and oils.

Lizards have scales on their skin which may be tubercular or have ossified encrustations called osteoderms.
Most lizards are oviparous, though a few species are viviparous. Many are also capable of regeneration of lost limbs or tails.

Some lizard species, including the glass lizard and legless lizards, have some vestigial structures though no functional legs. They are distinguished from true snakes by the presence of eyelids and ears and a tail that can sometimes break off as a physical defense mechanism. Many lizards are good climbers or fast sprinters. Some can run bipedally, such as the collared lizard and the world's fastest lizard, the spiny-tailed iguana in the genus Ctenosaura.

Many lizards can change color in response to their environments or in times of stress. The most familiar example is the chameleon, but more subtle color changes occur in other lizard species as well (most notably the anole, also known as the "American chameleon," "house chameleon" or "chamele").

source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lizard

Jumble words and stereogram

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Tue, 30 Oct 2007 21:40:00 +0000

Aoccdrnig to rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn't mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoatnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer be at the rghit pclae. The rset can be a toatl mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit a porbelm. Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe. source: http://www.eyetricks.com/wordjumble.htm

How many F's does the following passage contain?

Finished files are the result of years of scientific study combined with the experience of years...

click here for answer. source: http://www.eyetricks.com/fcount.htm

What is stereogram? A stereogram is an optical illusion of depth created from flat, two-dimensional image or images. Originally, stereogram referred to a pair of stereo images which could be viewed using stereoscope. Other types of stereograms include anaglyphs and autostereograms.

click here for answer.

Viewing Stereogram:

The hidden image is not on the surface of the monitor screen. To find the hidden image you must focus you eyes through the screen. Pretend that you are looking through the monitor to the distant background. This causes you to switch from "near point" to "far point" vision and will allow the hidden image to come into view.

Put your face close to the screen. Pretend to look through the monitor.
Now, very slowly move back from the screen and as you do so the image will come into view.
This may take several attempts.
Please be patient, and you will be rewarded with the hidden image.

For more eye catching stereogram.. visit http://www.magiceye.com

Tips for New Bloggers: Flash Music Player and Music Playlists

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Wed, 24 Oct 2007 13:59:00 +0000

Tips for New Bloggers: Flash Music Player and Music Playlists

*this blogsite is one of the best tips and tutorials specially for new blog comers on its way.

Howto: Installing Yahoo Messenger in Linux

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Tue, 23 Oct 2007 15:36:00 +0000

RedHat Linux

Save the appropriate file to your machine:
RedHat 9
Log in as root and type: rpm -i with the appropriate filename depending on your version to install the application.
Run /usr/bin/ymessenger from X Window to launch the application.

Debian Linux

Save the file to your machine.
Log in as root and type: dpkg -i ymessenger_1.0.4_1_i386.deb to install the application.
Run /usr/bin/ymessenger from X Window to launch the application.

FreeBSD Installation

Save the file to your machine.
Log in as root and type: pkg_add fbsd4.ymessenger.tgz to install the application.
Run /usr/bin/ymessenger from X Window to launch the application.

file source: http://messenger.yahoo.com/unix.php

Installing aMSN Messenger Howto

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Tue, 23 Oct 2007 15:04:00 +0000

A very nice MSN compatible messenger application, aMSN Messenger is a multiplatform MSN messenger clone. Works pretty much like its Windows based counterpart. Perfect for keeping in touch with those friends who have not yet seen the light. Works on linux well.

Linux Installation Howto:
1. Download the software http://sourceforge.net/projects/amsn/
2. Untar the package
e.g sh amsn-0.97RC1-1.tcl84.x86.package

3. It will install all required dependecies like tcl, tk, tls, etc.. if error occured during installation, install the missing package using yum command.
3.1 #yum install tcl
3.2 #yum install tk
3.3 #yum install tls
4. Upon completed, run the aMSN messenger from AppMenu > Internet > aMSN.

aMSN messenger can support webcam as well and other features
much like the windows messenger.

system info in linux

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Sat, 20 Oct 2007 20:42:00 +0000

Linux comes with several good utilities for getting detailed information inside your linux box.
Commands like lspci, dmesg and /proc.

1. lspci -list all pci devices.

[root@rsc ~]#/sbin/lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82845G/GL[Brookdale-G]/GE/PE DRAM Controller/Host-Hub Interface (rev 03)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82845G/GL[Brookdale-G]/GE Chipset Integrated Graphics Device (rev 03)
00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 02)
00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 02)
00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-M) USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 02)
00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev 82)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL (ICH4/ICH4-L) LPC Interface Bridge (rev 02)
00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801DB (ICH4) IDE Controller (rev 02)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) SMBus Controller (rev 02)
00:1f.5 Multimedia audio controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) AC'97 Audio Controller (rev 02)
01:04.0 Multimedia audio controller: Creative Labs SB Live! EMU10k1 (rev 0a)
01:04.1 Input device controller: Creative Labs SB Live! Game Port (rev 0a)
01:06.0 Communication controller: Conexant Unknown device 2702 (rev 01)
01:09.0 Ethernet controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4401 100Base-T (rev 01)
[root@rsc ~]#

Note: Use the -v or -vv flags to display more information:

2. dmesg - print or control the kernel ring buffer
[root@rsc ~]# dmesg |grep -i cpu
Initializing CPU#0
CPU 0 irqstacks, hard=c079f000 soft=c077f000
CPU: After generic identify, caps: bfebfbff 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000400 00000000 00000000
CPU: Trace cache: 12K uops, L1 D cache: 8K
CPU: L2 cache: 512K
CPU: Hyper-Threading is disabled
CPU: After all inits, caps: bfebf3ff 00000000 00000000 00000080 00000400 00000000 00000000
Intel machine check reporting enabled on CPU#0.
CPU0: Intel P4/Xeon Extended MCE MSRs (12) available
CPU0: Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4 CPU 1.80GHz stepping 07
Brought up 1 CPUs
ACPI: Processor [CPU0] (supports 2 throttling states)

3. /proc - process information pseudo-filesystem
#cd /proc
#cat meminfo - memory information
#cat cpuinfo -
#cat partitions - show all partitions available
#cat swaps -show assign swap partition
#etc..

Glorietta2 Mall Blast in Manila

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Sat, 20 Oct 2007 20:31:00 +0000

This page requires a higher version browser
For the latest Philippine news stories and videos, visit GMANews.TV

http://www.gmanews.tv/video/13146/Scenes-at-Glorietta-2-mall-a-minute-after-blast

Fedora Linux Installation Howto

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Wed, 17 Oct 2007 19:23:00 +0000

Fedora Installation (Screenshots)

1. To get started, insert the first installation CD (or the DVD), and power on the machine. Assuming your system boots normally, the first screen you should see contains a couple of installation options. You can install Fedora in either graphical mode, or in text mode. Text mode is useful if your having trouble working with the your system's graphics adapter.
2.Regardless of which mode you choose for installation,the next screen is a text screen that asks if you want to test your CD media before you install. If you have new disc,skip this section and click next. This test makes sure the installer will be able to read everything
it needs to properly install.
3. The graphical installation begins. Choose your language and click the Next button.
4.If you're using a new disk or want to format your hard disk. Answer Yes to initialize the disk. 5.Partitioning your drive, fedora provides a default layout which I have chosen for this installation. If you choose to remove partitions and create new ones, Anaconda pops up a warning that indicates that all data will be lost on the partitions you remove.
6. I've provided a screenshot that shows you the default disk layout for this operating system. In short,on this 16 GB disk, I have a 1 GB swap partition and a single 15 GB volume (named "/").
7. Use a boot loader for your new installation which is GRUB by default so that you can easily make changes the way your system boots especially in booting other operating systems if necessary.
8. If you want to manually provide TCP/IP addressing information, click the Edit button to bring up the window on which you can provide an address, subnet mask, gateway and dns address.
9. Select your time zone from the list.
10.Provide the password for the "root" user.
11.Choose what kind of software you want to make available on your new desktop system,for manual selection click "Customize now". This process can be done at any time, even after the initial installation of the system.
12. The formatting begins and immediately starts the process of installing the operating system and packages you've selected.
14. When installation done. Reboot the system and wait to boot GUI of your newly installed fedora. Good luck!

see screenshots below:

WINE (WINdows Emulator)

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Wed, 17 Oct 2007 14:22:00 +0000

Wine is an Open Source implementation of the Windows API on top of X, OpenGL, and Unix.
Think of Wine as a compatibility layer for running Windows programs. Wine does not require Microsoft Windows, as it is a completely free alternative implementation of the Windows API consisting of 100% non-Microsoft code, however Wine can optionally use native Windows DLLs if they are available. Wine provides both a development toolkit for porting Windows source code to Unix as well as a program loader, allowing many unmodified Windows programs to run on x86-based Unixes, including Linux, FreeBSD, Mac OS X, and Solaris. For more... http://www.winehq.org/

One way of installing wine: using linux command prompt (root access)
1. #yum install wine* it will then install wine and all its required libraries
2. Wine has its own C:/ directory and program files to keep your installed software under
Menu > Wine > Wine File

Then, I followed the documentation on the site for configuring wine. http://www.winehq.org/docs/en/wineusr-guide.html#CONFIG-WINE-MAIN

see wine website for other detailed info.

RealPlayer on Linux

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Wed, 17 Oct 2007 13:26:00 +0000

Download the current RealPLayer software for linux. http://www.real.com/linux/
To extract , run the following command. #sh realplayer10.bin
Install it using rpm command e.g. #rpm -ivh
If you encounter problem with libraries, install the missing library by downloading the library manually or by using yum.
e.g. #yum install compat-libstdc++-33 or rpm -ivh
If succesfull, play realplay by creating a shortcut icon or via application menu.
#realplay & or create a shortcut on your desktop

Installing Audio Player in Linux

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Sun, 14 Oct 2007 17:25:00 +0000

XMMS is a multimedia player for unix systems. XMMS stands for X MultiMedia System and can play media files such as MP3, MOD's, WAV and others with the use of Input plugins. The easiest way to install xmms is by using yum (yellowdaog updter modified) command.

1. From your linux box type #yum install xmms xmms-mp3 xmms-skins
2. It will then fetch the xmms software from its repository database.
3. After installating, just run the software using command prompt
#xmms or #xmms & (play it on background)
better yet click linux Applicationm (Menu) then go to Sound and Video > Audio Player.
4. Try playing any mp3 or audio song.
5. If mp3 files cant be played, make sure that the xmms-mp3 package was installed.
6. type #rpm -qa |grep xmms
7. yum install xmms-mp3* or install it manullay base on yourlinux distro.
8. See screenshoots after successful install.

Installing xmms-skins after succesfull install

1. Goto www.xmms.org
2. Select desired xmms skin and save it to your computer. Extension of skins are in .zip .
3.Then copy the downloaded skins to xmms default directory.
#copy /usr/share/xmms/Skins/
4.Change the skins by right click Menu > Options > Skin Browser
5.Then its done!

Klotski Brain Teaser Game

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Thu, 11 Oct 2007 22:25:00 +0000

Klotski
Klotski is small brick game which has its root in a wooden game named (in french) "Ane rouge". The goal is to bring the red piece to its destination by moving other pieces. It sounds simple but it is a real brainteaser.
Try Forget Me Not puzzle click here! GoodLuck!

It takes me days to figure out the solution. Try it yourself.

Chips Challenge
Chips challenge is a strategy game og moving blocks and make to the finish of each round.
Download it here!

ISO download

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Wed, 10 Oct 2007 13:31:00 +0000

1. How to screenshoots using linux command:
Capturing screen is as easy as we all know. In linux just type a single command to do it.
import e.g. import screen1.jpg
Point the cross sign of your mouse to the screen you want to capture. :-)

2. Verifying md5sum iso
#md5sum -c linux.iso.md5

Creating md5sum iso using linux
#md5sum linux.iso > linux.iso.md5

3. To download a linux iso using wget
#wget http:///
e.g. donwloading fedora-7 dvd version.
wget http://fr2.rpmfind.net/linux/fedora/releases/7/Fedora/i386/iso/F-7-i386-DVD.iso

To download a linux iso using wget that has hot-linking protection
#wget --referer=http://www.mrbass.org http://www.mrbass.org/linux.iso

To resume a partially download file using wget
#wget -c --referer=http://www.mrbass.org http://www.mrbass.org/linux.iso

To download many linux iso images in queue using wget
#wget --referer=http://www.mrbass.org http://www.mrbass.org/linuxcd1.iso #http://www.mrbass.org/linuxcd2.iso http://www.mrbass.org/linuxcd3.iso

Mounting USB device in linux

noreply@blogger.com (ronald) — Wed, 10 Oct 2007 13:16:00 +0000

How to mount a usb device in linux.
e.g. Digital Camera, USB flash drive, mobilephone

1. Connect the usb cable to your linux computer.
2. Login as root.
#su - or sudo
#
3. Then type
# tail -f /var/log/messages

* This will show you the device you have connected like sda1, hdc, etc...

4. Type the following
mount /dev/devicename /mnt/flash
e.g. #mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/flash
*Format: mount devicename devicedestination

5. #cd /mnt/flash
6. Walah... your done.

Unmount the usb device:
1. Go back to main prompt
2. Type umount /mnt/flash
e.g #umount /mnt/devicedestination
3. Remove your usb device.

Note: You can unmount the device while your inside /mnt/flash