Programming Codes

Power Failure Indicator Circuit

2013-05-30T23:59:00.001-07:00

I have made a simple power failure indicator circuit using the Arduino board. This circuit will displays a message in the serial port that the Mains Supply is OFF along with the time when the power has gone. So if your UPS backup is 20min., you can keep track of the time when the power has gone.

You must be thinking that for making such a circuit, you must need an extra battery for its working. To remove such a drawback, I powered the arduino board through the USB board of PC and the mains is connector through a 12V DC adapter and a relay. The circuit diagram is quite simple and is shown below:

Power Failure Circuit

You can also use a diode in input of 12VDC Relay for the protection of the Relay.

The program written in Arduino IDE is also given below:

int r; // will store the status of Mains

int s = 0; // intialise seconds

int m = 0; // iniialise minutes

void setup(void)

{

// start serial port

Serial.begin(9600); //open serial port

pinMode(13, INPUT); //initialize input pin

}

void loop(void)

{

r=digitalRead(13); // read data

if(r == HIGH)

{

Serial.println("Mains Supply is ON"); //write serially

m = 0;

s = 0;

delay(1000); // delay of 1 sec.

}

if(r == LOW)

{

Serial.println("Mains Supply is OFF");

s += 1;

if(s>60)

{

m += 1;

s = 0;

}

Serial.print("Time=");

Serial.print(m);

Serial.print(" min &");

Serial.print(s);

Serial.println(" sec");

delay(1000); // delay of 1 sec.

}

When your switch ON the mains supply, then the message displayed in serial port is
Mains Supply is ON

When your switch OFF the mains supply, then the message displayed in serial port is
Mains Supply is OFF
Time= 0min &1sec

Then the timer keeps on incrementing.

Pulse Lighting/Strobbing with Arduino(using DIP switch, LCD and transistor)

2013-05-07T22:32:00.001-07:00

Get multiple Inputs from DIP Switch and then manipulate the sampling/delay time

Once, I was given a project to change the switching/sampling time of a pulse light in milliseconds. As variable millisecond delay is difficult to achieve in a 555 timer circuit, so i thought of using micro-controller, ARDUINO.

I used the following items:

a) 8 position DIP Switch

b) 16x2 LCD

c) Atmega328

and other related items like crystal, resistor, capacitor etc.

I connect them as shown in the following schematics:

Pulse Lighting Circuit

For switching the light, i used a simple FET as the load was only 12V and 1A.

By using the below program, you can change the delay time from 65.01ms to 67.55ms with a resolution of 0.01ms. The delay/sampling range can be change according to your requirement by using a map function.

The code burned in the ATMEGA328 is given below:

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

int led = 13;

int dip1 = 9; int dip2 = 8;

int dip3 = 7; int dip4 = 6;

int dip5 = 5; int dip6 = 4;

int dip7 = 3; int dip8 = 2;

int R0 = 0; int R1 = 0; int R2 = 0; int R3=0; int R4=0; int R5=0; int R6=0; int R7=0;

LiquidCrystal lcd(A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5);

void setup()

{

pinMode(led, OUTPUT);

pinMode(dip1, INPUT);

pinMode(dip2, INPUT);

pinMode(dip3, INPUT);

pinMode(dip4, INPUT);

pinMode(dip5, INPUT);

pinMode(dip6, INPUT);

pinMode(dip7, INPUT);

pinMode(dip8, INPUT);

lcd.begin(16, 2);

lcd.print("Delay=");

}

void loop()

{

R0 = digitalRead(dip1);

R1 = digitalRead(dip2);

R2 = digitalRead(dip3);

R3 = digitalRead(dip4);

R4 = digitalRead(dip5);

R5 = digitalRead(dip6);

R6 = digitalRead(dip7);

R7 = digitalRead(dip8);

float dipval= ((1*R0)+(2*R1)+(4*R2)+(8*R3)+(16*R4)+(32*R5)+(64*R6)+(128*R7));

float fval = (65.00 + (dipval/100));

for(int i = 0; i < 50; i++)

{

digitalWrite(led, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)

delay(fval); // wait

digitalWrite(led, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW

delay(fval);

lcd.setCursor(7, 0);

lcd.print(fval);

}

Comment below if you need further information.

Upload Bootloader to NEW ATMEGA328 using your Arduino Board (stand-alone circuit)

2013-03-16T03:15:00.002-07:00

GET RID OF THE AVR DUDE sync. PROBLEM in Arduino

Are you facing problem in uploading boot-loader to newly purchased Atmega Micro-controller? Are you are facing AVR DUDE sync problem even after selecting the proper Arduino board and serial port? This is the problem of absence of bootloader in you micro-contoller. Well everyone will suggest to buy a ATMEL AVRISP mkII In Circuit Programmer for this problem. But here is a simple solution.

Now you can use your Arduino Board to upload the Bootloader in the new micro-controller. Follow the following steps carefully:

You just need to make a simple stand-alone circuit for this. The following steps are used for the Arduino Duemilanove board and newly purchased ATMEGA328 controller without the bootloader.

The pin diagram of ATEGA328 is shown below:

Now you have to make a simple circuit with your arduino board as shown below:

Arduino as a ISP

You will need the following equipments:
1. Atmega328 micro-controller                  -1
2. Capacitor 22pF                                    -2
3. Crystal Oscillator                                  -1
3. Resistance 1K                                      -1
4. LED                                                     -1

Once you are done with the connections, then open the Arduino IDE.
Select the Arduino Duemilanove board and the proper Serial port.

Then click on the open tab and select the ArduinoISP as shown.

Upload the ArduinoISP in the Arduino board.
Then click on the Tools menu and then on the Burnloader as shown.

If you have made the connections properly, then it will take a minute to burn the bootloader and the 13th pin LED on Arduino board will blink many times.

Now, you have successfully uploaded the bootloader in you new ATEMGA328. Now you can replace the microcontroller in the Arduino board with the newly purchased ATMEGA328.

Line Follower Library for Arduino free download

2013-03-07T03:41:00.000-08:00

Everyone in his/her college life is crazy after the Line Follower Robot. A simple line-follower can be made by using two IR Sensors and two DC motors. So, for a simple line follower using two IR Sensors and two DC motors, i have written a special library for Arduino to make things easy. You can download the library from the below link:

http://www.mediafire.com/?8rpx6xrk48z67jy

Now you must know how to install this library in your arduino software.

Firstly, extract the filled from the compressed folder. Then copy the whole Line follower folder into the Libraries folder present in the arduino folder as shown in the following image:

Now Open your Arduino Software

Then go to the Sketch Tab> Import Library> check whether Linefollower is showing or not.

If showing then go to open tool> Linefollower > linefollower as shown in the below image:

Open this file and compile& upload it.

Your line follower program is ready to use.

Make Complex PCB Circuit Diagram easily with Fritzing

2013-03-01T03:40:00.002-08:00

If you feel difficult to use various PCB circuit making software, then this post is very useful for you. Now you can make complex PCB circuit for free without having deep circuit making knowledge. You just simply make connections using Bread-board on very user-friendly interface. Physical prototyping is now moved to actual product.

Fritzing is an open-source hardware initiative to support designers, artists, researchers and hobbyists to work creatively with interactive electronics. The software is created in the spirit of Processing and Arduino and allows a designer, artist, researcher, or hobbyist to document their Arduino-based prototype and create a PCB layout for manufacturing.

You can also download this software from the below link:
http://fritzing.org/download/

Installing Fritzing

Please make sure your system satisfies one of these requirements:
PC - XP and up
Mac - OSX 10.5 and up
Linux - a fairly recent linux distro with libc >= 2.6

Choose a link above to start downloading the Fritzing package that's right for you.
Unzip your Fritzing folder somewhere convenient on your hard drive.
- This may also be a good time for you to create a shortcut to the Fritzing application.
- A free unzipping program can be found here, should you need it.
- If you are updating your release of Fritzing, your custom files (parts and bins) are not stored with the application, so they will not be destroyed if you delete the older version of the Fritzing application folder.
To start Fritzing:
- on Linux: double-click Fritzing, or try ./Fritzing in your shell window
- on Windows: double-click fritzing.exe
- on Mac: double-click the Fritzing application
If you experience problems, please try downloading again. This often helps. If it doesn't, have a look at our forums.
Linux note: this binary release has been built and tested under Ubuntu 10.4.2 LTS. Distros for other flavors of linux can be found here; and here; there's a one-click download for openSUSE; a Zenwalk GNU package; and search our forum for even more. Fedora users can install Fritzing with 'yum install fritzing'. We heartily thank openSUSE, Thomas Zimmermann, Debian.org, Bruno Canning, the Fedora Project, Ed Marshall, and other people and organizations for making these available. (But please be aware we have not tested these builds.)

Interfacing RHT03/DHT22 Temperature and humidity Sensor with Arduino

2013-02-22T03:26:00.003-08:00

The DHT22 Temperature and Humidity Sensor can be operated with the help of DHT22 library. The RHT03 Temperature and humidity sensor is equivalent to DHT22 sensor and so can be operated with the same library i.e. DHT22.

The library can be downloaded from the following link:
DHT22 Library

The wiring of the Sensor with Arduino is shown below:

The pin configuration of the sensor is:

Pin1- +5V
Pin2- Data
Pin3- NULL
Pin4- GND

You need to add an extra resistor of 10K between the data pin and the positive supply pin.

After physically connecting the arduino with the Sensor, you need to add the DHT22 library in the Arduino Software.
Follow the steps to add a library in the ARDUINO Sketch:
1. Download the DHT22 library from the link given below:
DHT22 Library

2. Extract the files from the DHT22.zip

3. Copy the complete DHT22 folder and paste it to ..\Arduino\libraries\

4. Now in order to check whether the library has been added, open the arduino window. Then click on the Sketch Tab and then on the Import Library. The DHT22 library will be shown on the top. This confirm that the library has been added successfully to software

Now copy the following code to the editor:
#include <DHT22.h>

// Data wire is plugged into port 7 on the Arduino
// Connect a 4.7K resistor between VCC and the data pin (strong pullup)
#define DHT22_PIN 7

// Setup a DHT22 instance
DHT22 myDHT22(DHT22_PIN);

void setup(void)
{
// start serial port
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("DHT22 Library Demo");
}

void loop(void)
{
DHT22_ERROR_t errorCode;

delay(2000);
Serial.print("Requesting data...");
errorCode = myDHT22.readData();
if(errorCode == DHT_ERROR_NONE)
{
    Serial.print("Got Data ");
    Serial.print(myDHT22.getTemperatureC());
    Serial.print("C ");
    Serial.print(myDHT22.getHumidity());
    Serial.println("%");
}
else
{
    Serial.print("Error Code ");
    Serial.print(errorCode);
    Serial.println(" readData Failed");
}
}

Compile and Upload the program. Then open the serial Monitor by pressing CTRL+SHIFT+M or go to tools options, then click on the Serial Monitor option.

The Current Temperature and humidity will be shown.

Interfacing Temperature Sensor(LM35) and Humidity Sensor(Resistive) with Arduino and output is shown on LCD

2012-11-01T05:32:00.003-07:00

//The circuit:
// * LCD RS pin to digital pin 12
// * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 11
// * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 5
// * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 4
// * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 3
// * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 2
// * LCD R/W pin to ground
// * 10K resistor:
// * ends to +5V and ground
// * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)

// include the library code:
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins
lcd(7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2);

// the setup routine runs once when you press reset:
void setup() {
// initialize serial communication at 9600 bits per second:
Serial.begin(9600);

//initialize LCD
   lcd.begin(16, 2);

// Print a message to the LCD.
lcd.print("Temp= ");
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print("Humd= ");
}

// the loop routine runs over and over again forever:
void loop() {

// read the input on analog pin 0 (temperature sensor):
int temp_sensorValue = analogRead(A0);
// Convert the analog reading to real time temperature value:
int temp = temp_sensorValue /2;

// read the input on analog pin 1 (humidity sensor sensor):
int humd_sensorValue = analogRead(A1);
// Convert the analog reading to real time humidity value:
unsigned int humd = (humd_sensorValue* (5.0 / 1023.0))* 30.3;

//Printing tempeature value
   lcd.setCursor(6, 0);
   lcd.print(temp);

    // print out the humidity value:
   lcd.setCursor(6, 2);
   lcd.print(humd);

Serial.print("Temp= ");
Serial.println(temp);
Serial.print("Humd= ");
Serial.println(humd);
Serial.println(" ");

}

Interfacing DTMF Shield with Arduino(Cellphone operated Bot)

2012-10-15T23:29:00.004-07:00

There are 4 data output pins in DTMF shield. These 4 data pins of DTMF shield is connected to any 4 digital pins in arduino. In this program I have connected them to 4,5,6,7 digital pins of arduino. In this program i have manuplated the 4 inputs from DTMF shield to control the motion of robot. I have taken 4 outputs from the Arduino on 8,9,10,11 digital pins. In this program, when you press:
2 from your cell phone then robot will move forward
4 from your cell phone then robot will move left
6 from your cell phone then robot will move right
8 from your cell phone then robot will move backward

When we press any key from our cellphone then the output of DTMF shield is in the binary form.The decimal to binary conversion table is given below:

Please note that the 7th pin of arduino is connected to D3 pin of DTMF Shield. The program for interfacing arduino Duemilanove with the DTMF shield is given below:

int i1=4;
int i2=5;
int i3=6;
int i4=7;
int i1m1=8;
int i2m1=9;
int i1m2=10;
int i2m2=11;
int a,b,c,d;
void setup()
{
pinMode(i1, INPUT);
pinMode(i2, INPUT);
pinMode(i3, INPUT);
pinMode(i4, INPUT);
pinMode(i1m1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(i2m1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(i1m2, OUTPUT);
pinMode(i2m2, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
a=digitalRead(i1);
b=digitalRead(i2);
c=digitalRead(i3);
d=digitalRead(i4);

if(i4==LOW && i3==LOW && i2==HIGH && i1==LOW)
{
digitalWrite(i1m1, HIGH);
digitalWrite(i2m1, LOW);
digitalWrite(i1m2, HIGH);
digitalWrite(i2m2, LOW);
}

if(i4==LOW && i3==HIGH && i2==LOW && i1==LOW)
{
digitalWrite(i1m1, LOW);
digitalWrite(i2m1, HIGH);
digitalWrite(i1m2, HIGH);
digitalWrite(i2m2, LOW);
}

if(i4==LOW && i3==HIGH && i2==HIGH && i1==LOW)
{
digitalWrite(i1m1, HIGH);
digitalWrite(i2m1, LOW);
digitalWrite(i1m2, LOW);
digitalWrite(i2m2, HIGH);
}

if(i4==HIGH && i3==LOW && i2==LOW && i1==LOW)
{
digitalWrite(i1m1, LOW);
digitalWrite(i2m1, HIGH);
digitalWrite(i1m2, LOW);
digitalWrite(i2m2, HIGH);
}
}

Interfacing Accelerometer-73x1 using Arduino

2012-10-07T13:30:00.002-07:00

In this program, we have used Accelerometer 73x1 and Arduino Duemilanove.

We have shown only 2 axis: x-axis and y-axis by 4 leds in this program. The values used in the if conditions depends upon the type of accelerometer used. Check the below program and drop me a comment or mail for further details...

int xin = 1;
int yin = 2;
int zin = 3;
int xval;
int yval;
int zval;
int led1 = 8;
int led2 = 9;
int led3 = 10;
int led4 = 11;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(led1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(led2, OUTPUT);
pinMode(led3, OUTPUT);
pinMode(led4, OUTPUT);
}

void loop(){
xval = analogRead(xin);
yval = analogRead(yin);
zval = analogRead(zin);
if(280<yval<330 && 260<xval<320)
{
digitalWrite(led1,HIGH);
digitalWrite(led2,HIGH);
digitalWrite(led3,HIGH);
digitalWrite(led4,HIGH);
}
if(yval>330 && 260<xval<320)
{
digitalWrite(led1,LOW);
digitalWrite(led2,HIGH);
digitalWrite(led3,HIGH);
digitalWrite(led4,HIGH);
}
if(yval<280 && 260<xval<320)
{
digitalWrite(led1,HIGH);
digitalWrite(led2,LOW);
digitalWrite(led3,HIGH);
digitalWrite(led4,HIGH);
}
if(280<yval<330 && xval<260)
{
digitalWrite(led1,HIGH);
digitalWrite(led2,HIGH);
digitalWrite(led3,LOW);
digitalWrite(led4,HIGH);
}

if(280<yval<330 && xval>320)
{
digitalWrite(led1,HIGH);
digitalWrite(led2,HIGH);
digitalWrite(led3,HIGH);
digitalWrite(led4,LOW);
}
}

Vision Based Robot using IR Sensors

2012-10-04T10:48:00.001-07:00

A vision based robot which detects your hand motion can be made by using a arduino board and 4 IR Sensors placed on the edges of a square. To know the further details about the project drop me a mail.

Here is the program for running a robotic car by using your hand gesture.

int led = 4;
int led1 = 5;
int led2 = 6;
int led3 = 7;
int led4 = 8;
int led5 = 9;
int led6 = 10;
int led7 = 11;
int a;
int b;
int c;
int d;
void setup() {
pinMode(led, INPUT);
pinMode(led1, INPUT);
pinMode(led2, INPUT);
pinMode(led3, INPUT);
pinMode(led4, OUTPUT);
pinMode(led5, OUTPUT);
pinMode(led6, OUTPUT);
pinMode(led7, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
a=digitalRead(led);
b=digitalRead(led1);
c=digitalRead(led2);
d=digitalRead(led3);
if(a == HIGH && b == LOW && c == LOW && d == LOW)
{
digitalWrite(led4, HIGH);
digitalWrite(led5, LOW);
digitalWrite(led6, HIGH);
digitalWrite(led7, LOW);
}
if(a == LOW && b == HIGH && c == LOW && d == LOW)
{
digitalWrite(led4, HIGH);
digitalWrite(led5, LOW);
digitalWrite(led6, LOW);
digitalWrite(led7, HIGH);
}
if(a == LOW && b == LOW && c == HIGH && d == LOW)
{
digitalWrite(led4, LOW);
digitalWrite(led5, HIGH);
digitalWrite(led6, HIGH);
digitalWrite(led7, LOW);
}
if(a == LOW && b == LOW && c == LOW && d == HIGH)
{
digitalWrite(led4, LOW);
digitalWrite(led5, HIGH);
digitalWrite(led6, LOW);
digitalWrite(led7, HIGH);
}
else
{
digitalWrite(led4, HIGH);
digitalWrite(led5, HIGH);
digitalWrite(led6, HIGH);
digitalWrite(led7, HIGH);
}
}

Line Follower Robot using Arduino

2012-10-03T11:14:00.003-07:00

The Arduino board used is Duemilanove/ATmega328

In this program digital pins 10, 11, 12, 13 are taken as output pins and are connected to the motor driver/controller circuit(L293D) where as pins 8 and 9 are taken as input pins and are connected to the two sensors.

Here is the program :-

int o1 = 10;
int o2 = 11;
int o3 = 12;
int o4 = 13;
int i1 = 8;
int i2 = 9;
int a,b;
void setup() {                
 pinMode(01, OUTPUT);
 pinMode(o2, OUTPUT);
 pinMode(o3, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(o4, OUTPUT);
 pinMode(i1, INPUT);
 pinMode(i2, INPUT);
}

void loop() {
  a=digitalRead(i1);
  b=digitalRead(i2);
  if(a==HIGH && b==HIGH)
  {
    digitalWrite(o1, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(o2, LOW);
    digitalWrite(o3, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(o4, LOW); 
  }
  if(a==HIGH && b==LOW)
  {
    digitalWrite(o1, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(o2, LOW);
    digitalWrite(o3, LOW);
    digitalWrite(o4, HIGH); 
  }
  if(a==LOW && b==HIGH)
  {
    digitalWrite(o1, LOW);
    digitalWrite(o2, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(o3, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(o4, LOW); 
  }
  if(a==LOW && b==LOW)
  {
    digitalWrite(o1, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(o2, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(o3, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(o4, HIGH); 
  }
}

The schematic is given below:


Line Follower Robot Schematic

Matlab Image Processing Code for gesture detection

2012-10-02T10:03:00.004-07:00

Gesture Controlled Music Player in Matlab

In this program when ever you bring a red colour in front of the webcam then only your song will play otherwise it will stop.
This program is in the developing state and i am modifying it to be more realistic.

Here is the code in matlab:

%-----------int music file and audio player--------
[y f] = wavread('kh.wav');
p1=audioplayer(y,f);

%---------- int camera ---------------------

hwInfo = imaqhwinfo('winvideo');
device1 = hwInfo.DeviceInfo(1);
device1.SupportedFormats;

vid=videoinput('winvideo',1,'YUY2_320x240');
set(vid,'ReturnedColorSpace','rgb');

triggerconfig(vid,'manual');
set(vid,'FramesPerTrigger',1);
set(vid,'TriggerRepeat', 100000);
start(vid);

%-------- taking values -------------

trigger(vid);
image1=getdata(vid,1);
imshow(image1);
for i=1:1500

trigger(vid);
image1=getdata(vid,1);

image1_r=image1(:,:,1);
image1_g=image1(:,:,2);
image1_b=image1(:,:,3);
image1_r1=im2bw(image1_r,140/255);
image1_g1=im2bw(image1_g,130/255);
image1_b1=im2bw(image1_b,130/255);

img=(image1_r1-image1_g1)-image1_b1;
img=img*255;
img=uint8(img);

img=bwareaopen(img,35);
img1=imfill(img,'holes');

[x1 y1]=bwlabel(img1);

if (y1 >0)
[x y]=find(img1==1);
mean_x=fix(mean(x));
mean_y=fix(mean(y));

if (mean_x > 60 && mean_x < 180 && mean_y > 80 && mean_y < 240)
play(p1);

string=strcat(num2str(mean_x),'and',num2str(mean_y));

image2(:,:,1)=double(image1(:,:,1)) .* double(img1);
image2(:,:,2)=double(image1(:,:,2)) .* double(img1);
image2(:,:,3)=double(image1(:,:,3)) .* double(img1);

image2=uint8(image2);

subplot(1,2,1)
imshow(image1)
title('orignal image')

subplot(1,2,2)
imshow(image2);
title(string);

else
pause(p1);
subplot(1,2,1)
imshow(image1)
title('no object detected')

subplot(1,2,2)
imshow(image1)
title('no object detected')
end
end
end
--------------------------------------------------------------------

Change the kh.wav file in wavread command with any wave file present in your computer.. and add that file to the current directory.

Download the m-file from the below link:
http://www.mediafire.com/?6xf8ni8xff4ppxb