tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4922363996284191692026-03-18T10:22:27.800-04:00This is a blog about my teaching, research and service with some occasional personal comments thrown in. <br>These are my <b>notes</b> on a variety of topics. If you want to follow my blog posts on a specific topic, then see the Table of Contents in the right-hand column. While I try to work in the realm of facts, logic and moral absolutes, if there are any opinions expressed here, they are my own. -<b><a href="http://www.williamhartphd.com">WilliamHartPhD</a></b>WilliamHartPhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10186409541942091616noreply@blogger.comBlogger297125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-492236399628419169.post-40789052995036924862017-04-27T16:30:00.000-04:002017-04-27T18:24:43.052-04:00

So, dehumanization of the enemy was done in the past all over the world. &nbsp;Does it still happen in the 21st century? &nbsp;That's the question that my co-author and I asked in our study of editorial cartoons of bin Laden and the Taliban after the events of 9/11. Hart, W. B. &amp; Hassencahl, F. (2002). Dehumanizing the enemy in editorial cartoons. In B. Greenberg (Ed.).&nbsp;Communication

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Why is it that during times of war people see the enemy of as animals, as monsters, as barbarians, as devil or death? &nbsp;Put differently, why do people dehumanize the enemy? &nbsp;What purpose does it serve? Social psychologist Sam Keen offers some answers in his book and a doc based on the book. &nbsp;Here's the beginning of the doc. &nbsp;I'd encourage you to see the rest. How do we

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In 2005, &nbsp;Thomas Friedman, a noted American journalist, wrote a book titled&nbsp;The World Is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century. &nbsp;There is a more recent edition&nbsp;The World Is Flat 3.0: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century The book has had some influence. What does Friedman mean when he says the world is flat? What are the&nbsp;3 eras&nbsp;of

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Other than helping individuals to communicate, what grander social role does the Internet play? For example, the Internet can be used to speak to power and cause social change. &nbsp;In the quote below McPhail notes the role blogs played in challenging power in 2002. Quote originally taken from 2nd edition of Global Communication. So, in the United States the Internet can be used to

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Some basics: What is the Internet? Think of the Internet as the hardware and the World Wide Web as the software that runs on the Internet. &nbsp;The&nbsp;Web&nbsp;is not the hardware. &nbsp;It is collection of interconnected web pages that exist on the Internet. Now, how did the Internet evolve as a medium of&nbsp;communication&nbsp;from email in the late '60 and early '70s to the

WilliamHartPhDhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10186409541942091616noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-492236399628419169.post-79270292061716994372017-04-06T16:30:00.000-04:002017-04-06T16:30:01.405-04:00

A case study is a method of teaching in which students are presented with a problematic scenario or case. &nbsp;A case is an example or illustration of a problem or challenge. Case studies are some times used in law classes and some times in public relations classes, for example. After an international case is presented there is a common method used in PR courses. Define/describe the PR

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Let's pretend that we are doing some public relations/advertising&nbsp;work for the&nbsp;U.S. State Department. &nbsp;They want us to (1) promote a good image of the U.S. abroad and (2) promote tourism to the U.S. What could we do? &nbsp;How would we do that? Where&nbsp;would we do that? &nbsp;Let's say we focus on places where people first have contact with the U.S., in airports and in U.S

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A campaign is “an operation or series of operations energetically pursued to accomplish a purpose: an advertising campaign for a new product; a candidate's political campaign” (American Heritage Dictionary) An advertising campaign for a certain new product could contain a "series of operations" like putting out press releases to the news media, putting ads in newspapers and posting a viral

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Advertising and public relations are playing an increasing role in international communication. &nbsp;They've certainly gone global. Let's start with some basic dictionary definitions. Advertising: “The activity of attracting public attention to a product or business, as by paid announcements in the print, broadcast, or electronic media” (The American Heritage Dictionary). Public Relations (

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Imagine being a journalist in a far off land. Wouldn't be easy, would it? First, you may, depending on where you are and what you are covering, be&nbsp;physically harmed or killed.&nbsp; See Anderson Cooper clip below, for just one example. &nbsp; And, if you are curious, check out&nbsp;some recent news&nbsp;about about foreign journalists being hurt or killed in the past year month.

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In his book,&nbsp;Global Communication: Theories, Stakeholders, and Trends, Thomas McPhail defines the CNN effect as "the process by which the coverage of a foreign event by CNN causes that event to be a primary concern for its audience, which in turn forces the federal government to act."&nbsp; One could add to the U.S. government, then as part of its foreign policy, may influence foreign

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North Korea: An Example What type of press system does North Korea have? &nbsp;See&nbsp;What is the North Korean media like? What are the different types of press systems around the world? In the late 1950s Siebert, Peterson and Schramm (aka Uncle Wilbur) identified four types of press systems that existed in&nbsp;countries up until the 1950s. They published their findings in their book

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The idea of presenting a development message within a fictional program is the type of development communication that is called&nbsp;entertainment education. &nbsp;The World Bank&nbsp;is a multinational organization that uses entertainment education&nbsp;in their work. &nbsp;See the video below for examples and background information. Below is another example of entertainment education. &

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Earlier I shared a variety of&nbsp;secrets to academic success&nbsp;(methods of studying, etc.) and I suggested&nbsp;learning tools like Quizlet. Below is a continuation of that same conversation. A&nbsp;mnemonic&nbsp;is "any learning technique that aids in information retention" (Wikipedia). Mnemonic is pronounced like 'knee-monic' (think: a demon with really big knee caps). There are

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Previously, development communication was defined as: "the use of communication technology and principles to aid in the development of a society." Below is an example of a set of communication principles (or a theory) that has a long history of being applied to aid in development. --- Everett Rogers Diffusion of Innovations as an Approach to Development. Everett Rogers wrote&nbsp;

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"Uncle" Wilbur A Historical Sketch of Development Communication First a quick overview... Dr. Wilbur Schramm Founder of the social science study of communication (late 40s-50s)&nbsp;and key founder of development communication. 1950s:&nbsp; Post-WWII &amp; Cold War -- Newly independent nations struggling&nbsp;(the “terrible ascent”) 1960s:&nbsp; Schramm: How to help them? His answer: w

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Define/explain the terms&nbsp;development, development communication&nbsp;and&nbsp;development journalism. Development: "purposive changes undertaken in a society to achieve what may be regarded generally as a different ('improved') state of social and economic affairs"(Hernández-Ramos &amp;&nbsp;Schramm, 1989). Development projects typically focus on certain areas/issue of a society (e.g.

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Now that we've covered some of the barriers (bricks) to effective intercultural communication, let's test you by looking at a "reel" life example of intercultural communication and see what you spot. This is a clip that I edited and posted on YouTube. I use this clip in my Intercultural Communication course to introduce students to the difficulties of intercultural communication. In the clip

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And now, for the last two bricks in the wall. &nbsp;By the way, have you been thinking about how these bricks play a role in global communication? A stereotype generally has the following pattern: All people in a certain group have a certain characteristic or set of characteristics. If you were looking for clip art for "Native Americans" and all that you found were images like the top two

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And now, some more important bricks in the wall, things that stop us from getting to effective intercultural communication. How do you tear down this brick? What is the difference between discrimination, prejudice, racism? &nbsp;See the next few bricks. Prejudice or some other problem/brick? You probably think of some TV characters who are prejudiced. &nbsp;Hank Hill,

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Before moving on to anxiety (Brick #3) and uncertainty (Brick #4), I should point out that we've already covered Bricks 1 and 2. What are they? &nbsp;What are thing we've already covered that lead to difficulty in intercultural situations? They are difference in language (Brick #1) and differences in nonverbal communication (Brick #2). Before moving to the next bricks, one last question: How do

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Recall the Intercultural Communication Model? There is a brick wall between us and effective intercultural communication.&nbsp; What are the names of the bricks in this wall? &nbsp;What specifically stops us from getting to effective intercultural communication (ICC)? &nbsp; What are the bricks or barriers to effective intercultural communication? &nbsp; The first two bricks or barriers

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What are the counterproductive attitudes that Americans can have about people from other countries?* "Foreigners coming to live in the U.S. should adapt American ways." "Asians do many things backwards." "Much of the world’s population remains underdeveloped because they don’t take the initiative to develop themselves." "Americans have been very generous in teaching other people how to do

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Geert Hofstede&nbsp;during the 1980s surveyed over 100,000 workers in multinational corporations in forty countries. He found 4 main dimensions along which countries/cultures differ. Each country was ranked according to his dimensions. 1. Individualism - Collectivism I versus We e.g., “Squeaking wheel gets the greasy.” e.g., “The nail that sticks up gets pounded down.” Indiv. (e.g., U.S. &

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What are values? "Social principles, goals, or standards accepted by persons in a culture. They are learned by contacts with the family, teachers, and religious leaders. The media also may influence one’s value system." Or what are the things that a culture finds valuable, important. Money? &nbsp; Family? What are your values? &nbsp;Where did you get them? &nbsp;Are

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