BE SMARTER WITH KNOWLEDGE!

What is stock market and trading. how does it work // SAMZOO

2020-06-03T12:30:00.000+05:30

WELCOME TO SAMZOO!

Even if you have zero ideas regarding what Sensex and stock market are, you may be able to find out about all of them in quarter-hour you may also find out about the however you'll be able to get shares and invest within the share market in the Republic of India and also the different types of Stock Exchanges that exist. Namely, it's the Bombay stock market with Sensex and also the National stock market with the Nifty Index. I'll also tell you if you must invest in Share Market or not.

What is the equity share market?

The stock exchange, share market or equity market- all 3 mean constant. These square measure markets wherever you'll be able to obtain or sell companies’ shares, shopping for shares of an organization suggests that shopping for some share of possession of that company, and become the holder of a share of that company.

If that company makes a profit, some share of that profit would even be given to you, If that company incurs a loss, a share of that loss would even be borne by you.

An example, presume you've got to determine a start-up and you've got 10,000 rupees, however, that’s not enough thus, you attend your friend and tell him to take a position another ten,000 rupees and supply him a 50-50 partnership. So, no matter your company profits within the future, five-hundredths of it'd be yours. five-hundredths of it'd be your friends during this case, you’ve given five-hundredths of the shares to your friend within the company. the constant issue happens on a bigger scale within the stock exchange. the sole distinction being, rather than planning to your friend, you attend the whole world and invite them to shop for shares in your company.

History & Purpose of Shares

The origin of share markets dates to around four hundred years agone. around the 1600s, there was a Dutch East India Company, just like the British East India Company, There was the same company within the country of Netherlands nowadays, referred to as Dutch East India Company.

In those days, individuals used to indulge in a lot of exploration using ships, the entire world map had not however been discovered that the companies used to send their ships to find new lands and trade with faraway places The journey used to be of over thousands of kilometres aboard a ship,

There was an enormous amount of cash needed for this, Not one person possessed such amounts of cash one by one in those days. So, they publicly invited individuals to invest cash in their ships, They were promised to share of treasures/money when the ships would travel long distances to go to other lands and come back with treasures from there eventually.

However, this was a really risky affair as a result of, during those times, over half the ships did not come, They got lost, or bust down or got empty. something may happen to them. So, investors realised the risky nature of this enterprise, therefore, rather than finance in a very single the ship, they preferred to invest in 5-6 of them, so that at least one of them had possibilities of coming One ship used to approach multiple investors for cash. So, this created somewhat of a share market. there have been open biddings of the ships on their docks, Docks are the places where the ships come out from.

Gradually, this method became successful because the cash crunch faced by the businesses was supplemented by the common people. and the common people got an opportunity to earn extra money. Today, every country has its own securities market and each country has become greatly dependent upon the stock exchange.

What is the Stock Market?

The stock exchange is that place, that building where people buy and sell shares of the companies.

The market can be divided into two types:

Primary Market- A primary market is a place where the companies sell their shares. The companies decide what exactly would be their share prices, Although there are some regulations in this too. The companies cannot manoeuvre too much because a lot of it depends upon the demand. How much price are the people willing to pay for the company’s shares If the value of the company is 1 lakh rupees, it can sell 1 lakh of its shares and offers shares at 1 rupee per share. If its demand is high and a lot of people want to buy its shares, the company would obviously be able to sell its shares for a higher price. What the companies do nowadays is decide upon a range. There is a minimum price and maximum price companies decide to sell their shares within that range.

Secondary Market- The people who have bought shares of the company can sell it to the other people. This is called the Secondary Market, where people buy and sell shares amongst themselves and trade in shares In the Primary Market, the companies set the prices of their shares, the businesses cannot control the costs of their shares within the secondary market. The share prices fluctuate depending upon the demand and supply of the shares. So, the prices of the shares fluctuate depending upon the demand and supply

A point to be noted here is that each share of the corporate has equal value. It is upon the company to decide how many of its shares it wants to make, If the total value of the company is 1 lakh, then it may make 1 lakh shares of 1 rupee each, Or it may make 2 lakh shares of 50 paise each.

When companies sell their shares in the share market, it never sells 100% of them because The owner always retains the majority of the shares to keep possession of his decision making power. If companies sell all the shares, then all the buyers of the shares would become owners of the corporate. Since they all become owners, they all can take decisions regarding that company. So, only the individual who has more than 50% of the shares would be able to make decisions regarding the company.

Therefore the founders of the corporate like better to retain quite 50% of the shares. For example, 60% of the shares of Facebook are retained by Mark Zuckerberg.

India stock exchange market

Image Source - Google / Image by - Jnpet

Almost every big country has its own stock market.

There are two popular stock exchanges in India, One is that the Bombay stock market which has around 5400 registered companies. The other is the National Stock An exchange that has 1700 registered companies, With so many countries registered in the stock exchange, If we want to observe, overall, whether the prices of the shares of the companies are moving up or down, How do we view this? To measure this, some measurements have been put in place- Sensex and Nifty.

SENSEX

Sensex shows the average trend of the top thirty companies of the Bombay Stock Exchange averaging out, whether the shares of the companies are moving up or down.

The full form of Sensex, the sensitivity index displays the same, The number of Sensex, that it has reached 40,000 marks, The number itself means not a lot. The value of this number can be understood only upon comparison with the past numbers Because this number has been randomly decided.

They decided at the beginning that the values of the shares of the thirty companies would be this. So, we compile all the numbers and then say that it is 500. So, gradually, the Sensex has been rising and it's reached the 40,000 marks within the past 50 years. So, this shows how far up have the share prices of those 30 companies gone in these past 50 years.

NIFTY

There is another similar index- NIFTY- National + Fifty. Nifty shows the price fluctuations of the shares of the top 50 companies listed on the National Stock Exchange.

How to sell your company’s shares?

If a company wants to sell its shares on the stock exchange, then this is termed as “Public Listing”. If a company is selling its shares for the first time, then it is called IPO- Initial Public Offering, that is offering the shares to the public for the first time. During the days of the East India Company, it was very easier to get this done, Anyone could sell the shares of their company to the public.

But today, this procedure is very long and complicated, but it is necessary because, on those days, it is easy to scam the people and Anyone could get listed on the stock exchange with a fake the company, and exaggerate the value and achievements of its company They could lie to the people and the people would foolishly invest in his company and then he could abscond with the money. So, it has become extremely easy to scam somebody, in Indian history, there is a lot of witness of scams like these.

For example- Harshad Mehta scam, Satyam scam, they were all the same- fooling the people and getting themselves listed on the stock exchange. collecting the money and then absconding.

So, as and when these scams happened, the stock exchanges realized that they need to make their procedures stronger and scam proof or the resolutions and rules were made stronger due to which there are very complicated rules today.

SEBI- Security And Exchange Board of India is a regulatory body that looks into issues like which companies should be listed on the stock exchange and whether it is being done in the proper manner or not.

If you want to enter into the stock exchange market, then you would have to fulfil the norms of SEBI, Their norms are very strict, for example, there need to be a lot of checks and balances on the accounting of your company, At least two auditors must have had checked your companies accounting, This entire process may take around 3 years. More than 50 shareholders should be present in the company if you want a company to be publicly listed. When you go to sell their shares but there’s no demand for it amongst people then, SEBI can remove your company from the stock market list.

How can you buy Shares?

Now, how can you invest money in the stock markets? During the times of the East India Company, one could go to the docks where the ships departed from and indulge in biddings and buy and sell stocks. Before the dawn of the internet, one had to physically go to the Bombay Stock Exchange building to do this.

However, with the internet in place you merely need three things- A bank account, a trading account and a DEMAT account, A bank account because you would need your money. A trading account, to allow you to trade and invest money in a company. A DEMAT account to store the stocks that you buy in a digital form.

Most of the banks today have started offering a 3 in 1 account with all three accounts encompassed within your bank account. People like us would be called retail investors, that is, common people who want to invest in the stock market. A retail investor always requires a broker; a broker is someone who brings together the buyer and seller.

For us, our brokers might be our banks, a third-party app or maybe a platform. When we invest money through brokers within the stock exchange, a broker retains some money as his commission. This is called “brokerage rate”. Banks mostly charge a brokerage rate of around 1%, But 1% is a little high. That’s not how much it should be. If you look properly you would discover platforms that charge a brokerage rate of around 0.05% or 0.1%.

This brokerage rate is a disadvantage for those who want to indulge in a lot of trading of stocks if a lot of stocks are bought and sold in a day, a lot of money would be siphoned off as brokerage fee. But if you want to invest for the long term, then a high brokerage rate wouldn’t make a lot of difference because you’d pay it only once.

Difference between investing and trading

Investing and trading are two different things.

Investing means putting in some amount of money in the stock market and letting it stays there for some time.

Trading means quickly putting in money at different places and withdrawing from some places, this all happens in quick succession.

In fact, trading of shares may be a job in itself. There are a lot of people in our country who are traders and do this job all day long taking out money from one share and putting it in another, removing from one place, putting it in another and earning profit within the process.

Conclusion

An important question that arises is whether you should invest money in the share markets? A lot of people compare it with gambling because a lot of risks is involved in it.

In my opinion, it is correct to say so because this is indeed some sort of gambling. If you're not conscious of the sort of the corporate and its performance, the parameters of the corporate and its financial record, if you do not observe its history and accounting the information then, in a way, this is akin to gambling, Because you would have no idea of how the company would perform in the future. You merely listen to people saying that the company is doing well and we should invest in it in the share market, so that’s why you invest in it.

You should never do this because it is extremely risky. And obviously, when there are people that do this job day in and day out, for examples the traders, who are experts in this field and have more knowledge about the stock market They obviously would outperform the others because they have an idea of how this all works. So, in my opinion, you ought to never directly invest within the share market and instead, believe the experts. A very competent form of it is mutual funds Because in mutual funds you don’t directly decide which companies you would invest in it.

In mutual funds, you place your trust in experts and let the experts decide which companies to invest in. In fact, a lot of mutual funds invest in many different companies to minimize the chances of loss. For instance, I’ve given the example of the East India company. Investors had quickly realized that they should not invest their money in one single ship but Investing money in 5-6 of them would ensure that at least one of them came back. Mutual funds work the same way, investing money in many different places.

I hoped you liked this.

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The Big Bang theory explained// the begining of everything//SAMZOO

2020-05-28T16:58:00.000+05:30

WELCOME TO SAMZOO!

THE OPENING OF EVERYTHING-THE BIG BANG

The BIG BANG: INTRODUCTION

The concept that the universe was once unexpectedly born and is no longer infinite. Up to the centre of the 20th century, most scientists thought of the universe as countless and ageless.

Einstein’s theory of relativity gave us a higher perception of gravity and Edwin Hubble determined that galaxies are transferring apart from one some other in a way that matches preceding predictions. In 1964, by means of an accident, cosmic historical past radiation was once discovered, a relic of the early universe, which, collectively with different observational evidence made the Big Bang the regular idea in science.

Since then, elevated science like the Hubble telescope has given us a noticeably properly photograph of the Big Bang and the structure of the cosmos. Recent observations even appear to endorse that the growth of the universe is accelerating.

How did this Big Bang work? How can something come from nothing?

Let’s discover what we know

First of all, the Big Bang was once no longer an explosion. It was once all space stretching everywhere all at once.
The universe started very, very, very small and shortly expanded to the size of a football. The universe didn’t enlarge into anything, space was once just increasing into itself. The universe cannot make bigger into something because the universe has no borders; there is, through definition, no “outside” the universe. The universe is all there is.

In the hot, dense environment, the power manifested itself in particles that existed only for the tiniest glimpses of time. From gluons, pairs of quarks had been created, which destroyed one another, perhaps after giving off extra gluons. These discovered other short-lived quarks to have interaction with, forming new quark pairs and gluons again. Matter and energy were now not simply theoretically equivalent, it was so hot they have been practically the equal stuff.

Somewhere around this time, matter gained over antimatter. Today, we’re left with almost all rely upon and nearly no antimatter at all. Somehow, one billion and one be counted particles have been shaped for each one billion particles of antimatter. Instead of one huge remaining pressure in the universe, there had been now numerous sophisticated variations of it acting underneath one-of-a-kind rules. By now the universe has stretched to a billion kilometres in diameter, which leads to a minimize in temperature.

The cycle of quarks being born and converted returned to energy stops. From now on, we work with what we have. Quarks begin forming new particles, hadrons, like protons and neutrons. There are many, many mixtures of quarks that can form all sorts of hadrons, however only very few are moderately secure for any length of time.

Please take a moment to recognize that through now, solely one second has handed considering the commencing of everything. The universe, which has grown to one hundred billion kilometres, is now cold ample to allow most of the neutrons to decay into protons and shape the first atom, hydrogen.

Imagine the universe at this point as an extraordinary hot soup, ten billion tiers Celsius, crammed with endless particles and energy. Over the subsequent few minutes, things cooled and settled down very fast. Atoms shaped out of hadrons and electrons, making for a secure and electrically impartial environment. Some name this period the Dark Age, because there had been no stars and the hydrogen fuel didn’t allow visible light to move around.

But what’s the means of visible light, anyway, when there’s nothing alive yet that may want to have eyes?

When the hydrogen gasoline clumped collectively after hundreds of thousands of years and gravity put it below fantastic pressure, stars and galaxies started out to form. Their radiation dissolved the steady hydrogen gasoline into a plasma that nonetheless permeates the universe nowadays and approves seen mild to pass.

Finally, there was once light! Okay, but what about the phase we didn’t speak about? What occurred right at the beginning?

This section can be defined as the Big Bang. We don’t know at all what took place here. At this point, our equipment destroys down. Natural laws give up making sense; time itself becomes wibbly-wobbly.

My View

To understand what happened here, we need a concept that unifies Einstein’s relativity and quantum mechanics, something countless scientists are working on right now. But this leaves us with loads of unanswered questions. Were there universes earlier than our own?

Is this the first and only universe? What began the Big Bang, or did it just manifest naturally, based totally on laws we don’t apprehend yet? We don’t know, and possibly we never will. But what we do comprehend is that the universe as we know it began here and gave delivery to particles, galaxies, stars, the Earth, and you. Since we're ourselves are made of lifeless stars, we are now not separate from the universe; we are part of it. You could even say that we are the universe’s way of experiencing itself. So, let’s keep on experiencing it until there is no more question to ask.

Thank You, I hoped you liked this

The Basic Rocket Principle // Rocket engines // SAMZOO

2020-05-21T14:52:00.000+05:30

The Basic Rocket Principle

One of the most amazing efforts made by humans is the discovery of space. Space has always challenged the science of scientists. Space exploration is complex because it has a lot of problems to solve and obstacles to overcome. You have things:

The vacuum of space

Heat management problems

The difficulty of re-entry

Orbital mechanics

Micrometeorites and space debris

Cosmic and solar radiation

The logistics of having restroom facilities in a weightless environment

The term rocket science is often used to describe a concept that is quite difficult to understand but in this article, we are going to explain the technology behind rockets and rocket engines in a simple scientific way.

ANALYTIC REPORT OF ROCKET WORKING

To keep the rocket operating, you have to eject large amounts of mass. This is simply Newton's third law of motion, the speed of the rocket loses maximum force, the speed of the rocket forces the rocket to move higher.

A liquid fuel oxidizer mixture is ignited in the rocket combustion chamber; The combustion chamber helps to mix fuel and oxidizer in an efficient manner as its clever mixing design allows high-speed jets to pass through a special rocket nozzle. The function of the nozzle is to increase the exhaust velocity, even more, increasing the thrust of the rocket.
Such a nozzle is called a converging-diverging nozzle; The subsonic flow is converted into supersonic flow with the help of liquid fuel before it completely goes into the nozzle body. This helps to shrink the nozzles to maintain the temperature and also makes some energy savings.
Two pumps are used to pump fuel and oxidizer at a sufficient flow rate; These pumps are powered by a turbine that is connected to the same shaft as the pump. The pump-turbine unit is called a turbopump.

A gas generator produces hot gas that will turn the turbine. A bypass stream of fuel and an oxidizer are filled into the gas generator for the purpose of combustion exhaust, the turbine is rotated with the main rocket exhaust and form the gas, and this unit of a rocket is called a rocket engine.

The rocket engines we have discussed so far are specifically called a liquid propellant rocket engine, the most powerful and versatile rocket propulsion system available. The fuel and oxidizer required for the rocket engine are commissioned for larger tanks, as shown during liftoff.

The thrust produced by the main engine is not sufficient. Typically, some solid propellant strap boosters are used to aid lift-off. the rocket starts at zero speed on the ground, and successfully achieve around 28000 km and then, accelerate to a final speed per hour, the solid propellant strap boosters are lit very fast to shorten the rocket's path. This process is known as rocket staging. When the main engine is lit, it is also released and the next engine is charged in such a way that the weight of the rocket is greatly reduced, so the payload is put into the desired orbit after a few steps of operation. You may be wondering how the rocket might be able to reach its destination.

The most modern car technology is called cabal thrust; it is the rocket bends nozzle with high precision instruments. It is clear that the rocket cannot reach its normal angle and this deviation will generate torque that will keep the rocket body current, with the gables set after receiving enough to turn the angle.

Rocket engine types

Physically Operated: Water rockets and cold gas thrusters rockets are called physically powered rockets which achieve their thrust using water and gas pressure.

Chemically powered rocket engines get their thrust by the exothermic reaction among the propellent.

Electrically powered: They used plasma to ignite their solid diffusion.

In Thermal powered rocket engines, Steam is excited via a nozzle, which is formed from hot water stored in a tank at high temperature and pressure.

We hope you have got a good introduction. Thanks for reading the article for Rocket and Rocket Edges.

Thanks...

What is Spectrum and encrypted signal? // QAM- samzoo

2020-05-12T17:26:00.000+05:30

WELCOME TO SAMZOO!

Spectrum and encrypted signal- Beginning

Use of the internet on google or when making mobile phone calls is made possible. thanks to the invisible electromagnetic waves that mobile phones emit or receive.

However, did you know that this electromagnetic frequency range or spectrum is a highly precious resource?

In 2008 the U.S. government made a whopping 19 billion dollars through a spectrum auction. In this article, we will look at the scientific reasons why this invisible electromagnetic frequency range is such a valuable resource.

Whenever you use your phone, either for internet use or making a voice call, you send or receive information using invisible electromagnetic waves.

These electromagnetic waves are picked up by your cell tower, transmitted towards the destination tower, and then finally to the end-user. In cellular communication, geographical areas are divided into different cells but the difficult thing in cellular communication is that if there are five users in a cell area, then five different frequencies should be used to transmit their signals.

To understand why let's consider an example. Assume balls of three different colures are ejected from a toy like a water fountain. The red ball is supposed to reach the red cup and the blue ball the blue cup, etc. In this arrangement, there is no guarantee that this condition will be met.

However, if you assign a particular size to a particular colour, this condition can then be easily met. This is exactly what we do in cellular communication. The cell tower takes the place of the fountain and users to take the place of the cups. In a similar way to having balls of different sizes, we make sure that each users frequency is unique. This way your mobile phone will only accept the signal which has your frequency assigned to it.

All other frequency signals will be rejected by your devices filter circuit. This also means each active user in the world has to have a unique frequency, otherwise, you will overhear the signal of someone else. Throughout this discussion, we have kept on saying that each user has a unique frequency. However, to be precise, we should've used the word frequency range instead of frequency.

How signals are transmitted?

Antennas are capable to transmit signals into frequency range or band. Your phones filtering circuit also allows a frequency band. Moreover, we need a modulation technique to transmit any signal.

If we are using frequency modulation, we require two frequencies to transmit signals. The upper frequency can represent one and the lower frequency can represent zero. This could lead to some questions about privacy.

What happens if a hacker sets our frequency in his device and tries to get access?

However, it's not that simple. The signals sent over the frequency are protected using encryption which means only your device will to be able to decrypt it. In total, there are approximately five billion cell phone users in the world and because the entire frequency range of the electromagnetic spectrum is not useful for cellular communications for various reasons, assigning a unique frequency range to each user is an impossible task.

Let's look at the reasons why the frequency band is limited and how we are overcoming this issue using modern technology. The electromagnetic spectrum ranges from radio waves to gamma rays. The higher frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have the worst penetration capabilities so we don't use those frequencies for cellular communications.

The lower frequencies of the electromagnetic spectrum have lower energy that would require a larger antenna for transmission and this is practically impossible to design. In the next portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, the propagation is dependent on the properties of the ionosphere layer.

So due to all of these restrictions, only a small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is left. This frequency slots are also used for several other purposes which further reduces cellular technology share of them. The spectrum is one of the resources which is normally managed by a government body in most countries.

Role of Government

The government earns distributing various portions of the spectrum between companies using an auction or a lottery system. In the United States two agencies, the FCC and NTIA govern the radio spectrum whereas in Europe the CEPT does the job. At the global level, the ITU, International Telecommunication Union manages all technical things related to the spectrum.

The frequency modulation we explained at the beginning is already obsolete. It was used in 1G and analogue form. In the fourth generation, a technique called QAM is used in which we can send more bits at a time.

Let's see how it works.

QAM and Challenges

In QAM, variations are made to the amplitude and phasing to generate different digital signals. One such example is shown here. Hence we see that there are limited frequency ranges available for cellular communication so it becomes necessary to use these ranges efficiently. To achieve this, the cellular system divides the available range into a number of frequency slots and this frequency slots are then distributed to several towers.

This distribution has the advantage of using the same frequency slot for different cell towers but there is a catch here. Neighbouring cell towers cannot be allocated the same frequency slot.

This is done in order to restrict your phone from receiving signals meant for neighbouring cell towers. Assigning a different frequency slot for different cell areas is known as frequency slot distribution. So during a call, if you are moving into a neighbouring cell, you are allocated a different frequency from your neighbouring cell tower without the call dropping.

The next challenge is to manage all the active users within a cell area at the same time. Here the cell tower frequency has to be shared amongst several users. This challenge is solved by using one of the multiple access techniques.

These multiple access techniques can be understood by an analogy. Think about how 100 musicians can record a song. They can record in different rooms or at different times or in different languages. Similarly in cellular communication, the cell tower and multiple users can share information over a different frequency slot or in a different time slot or using different encoding techniques. In cellular communications, each generation has introduced different multiple access techniques.

The main focus of these techniques has been to utilize the available spectrum efficiently. For instance, 4G came up with OFDNA and OFDNA available range is split into a large number of smaller ranges known as sub-carriers. These sub-carriers are mathematically orthogonal to each other and each of them is modulated individually.

We hope this article gives you a clear understanding of what is a spectrum and how your government is able to garner a huge revenue just by acting as a regulatory body.

Thank you.

Is Time Travel is Possible / Theories, Experiment, Paradoxes- samzoo

2020-05-07T23:37:00.001+05:30

WELCOME TO SAMZOO!

Is Time Travel is Possible

Hello friends, In this blog, I will try to tell you about Time Travel. by listening to the time travel, science fiction movies would come in our mind. By the way, listening to time travel is impossible. but we must not forget that today such technology is coming out in front of us, which we had never even thought about, such as a self-driving car, artificial intelligence etc.
so, seeing the rapid development of all these advanced technologies, we can say that the time travel can also be possible. Friends, if we look in history, we get to see many events related to the time travel and all the events make us think.

So in this blog, you will know, what is Time Travel and what is it possible and has it ever been practised?

Let's Begin,

Can there be time travel?

Travelling in time is called time travel. earlier, we used to think time travel was only science fiction. but when Albert Einstein proposed his General Relativity Theory in 1915, time travel was no longer fiction. According to this theory, time does not remain the same in every situation, while the flow of its speed varies.
Time depends on our speed, so time travel can only be possible with our speed.

Time Travel can reach us in only two places, either in the past or in the future.

Time Travel into the Future

In this universe, only the speed of light is considered the fastest, whose speed is 300000000 meters/second. no one can travel more than the speed of light. but suppose a time machine is developed in the future that can travel as much as the speed of light, so what will happen then?
So that answer is that time will be slow for the person sitting inside the time machine when he will start their journey for future. for example, when he arrives in the real world after spending a few days in the time machine, he will feel that time has gone beyond that. but its disadvantage is that once he reached the future, he could not return to his time.

HAFELE-KEATING EXPERIMENT

There are two types of theory. Practical theory and Mathematical theory.

Time Travel was also only a mathematical theory, but after the experiment of October 1971, it has proved to be a little practical. In 1971, when Richard Keating took four atomic clocks with him and made two rounds of the earth by the space shuttle at very high speed when he returned to the earth surface, he saw that the time of the atomic clock was running a few nanoseconds behind the actual clock.

So this means that time becomes slower for objects travelling at high speed.

Time Travel into the Past

Speed is not important there when it comes to time travel into the past. The warm hole plays an important role to get into the past. The wormhole is a passage which connects two time and two places together. it is said that wormhole is present around us but it exists at a very small level. if we somehow increase it, then we can go to the past.

There is a popular paradox about time travel into the pas called the Grandfather Paradox. this Paradox says that suppose you went into the past in some way and you killed your grandfather, then you would not be born in the future. but when you were not born then, how did you kill your grandfather?
so this is the very confusional situation due to which going into the past seems impossible.

Is time travel possible?

Answer: Time travel is now both practically or mathematically proved. suppose even if we have made a time machine then we do not have any source to run it. To run it a source like negative energy is needed, but negative energy has also proved to be only mathematical. because of which time travel is nothing but a fantasy for us.

I hope you liked this.

Thanks...

The German Education System / Advantages of the German education system over Indian Education system-SAMZOO

2020-04-23T16:12:00.003+05:30

WELCOME TO SAMZOO!

A detailed comparison of the Indian education system with the German education system. how are the two countries handling education differently all the way from middle school, high school, university-level to job level?

The German Education System

After class 4th

The first difference is in the fourth class. after the 4th class, the students in Germany get the option of going to three schools.
One of the is Realschule, another is Gymnasium and then there is Hauptschule. Keeping in mind the student's ability, they are suggested that they should choose one of the three schools.

The studies in Gymnasium are conducted in the same way as it is conducted in the Indian schools.
In the Realschule the graduation takes place in the 10th class and in Hauptschule, it happens in the 9th class, so in this, the best opportunity that lies with the students is the right after completing their schools they can start directly with their "Ausbildung" or Vocational training. the advantage of vocational training is that they are carrying on their studies and earning money upon the completion of his education he would directly
start his job.

Class 10th

The second difference comes in the 11th and 12th class. In India, three options are provided- Science, commerce and humanities. but in Germany you can individually pick out what subjects you want to study in the 11th and 12th class.

University Education

Let us now come to Universities. the difference is that there are no tuition fees. the tuition fees are zero and other, in Germany, the vacation thing is so common here that most of the people take a yearlong break after 12th. in Germany almost every child, goes to Australia, India ( or other places) for one year, it is called Au Pair. so, the people gather experience from the world for one year and then commence their studies for college.

Placement after College

The most important thing to keep in mind here is that there are no placements in Germany. Universities do not invite companies to come and to recruit their students.
After the completion of masters, if you did a good job, then companies hire you.

I hope you liked this.

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What does 5G network means? How it will work and is it also has limitation?-SAMZOO

2020-04-19T23:20:00.002+05:30

WELCOME TO SAMZOO!

In this article, I am going to tell you about 5G. 5G is not yet in the market. Everyone is eagerly waiting for 5G. after the arrival of 5G, the entire pattern of the network changed. but what is 5G? how it will boost the internet speed and how it will change network pattern, I am going to answer all these questions today, so stay connected with us till the end of this article.

What does 5G network mean?

Why we need 5G?

The requirement of more data: You see that technology is advancing at a very fast pace today. day by day development in mobile phone camera is happening, video quality is also getting better and mobile phone applications are also using more data than before, so all for these needs we need more data which 4G cannot give us.

Speed and low Latency: Now we do not want our communication to be disturbed and due to the in online transaction, we need more security for which we need speed and that speed 4G cannot give us.

Large throughput: Mobile phones, computers, Televisions, etc. Sensors have increased in all these and for fact communication between sensor we need more internet and only 5G can give us.

Stable and Redundant: When 3G was updated, we got 4G and there was no new invention of 4G, so now 4G network is not stable.

The different portions of the electromagnetic spectrum can be used for different purposes.

TVs and Radio signals - Radio waves (1,000 m)

For cooking and Mobile Phones - Microwaves (0.01 m)

For optical fibre communication - Infrared (0.00001 m)

For seeing purpose - Visible light (0.0000001 m)

For detecting forged bank notes - Ultraviolet (0.00000001 m)

Medical imagining of bones and Tumours - X-Rays (0.0000000001 m)A

For killing cancer cells - Gamma radiation (0.000000000001 m)

Core of 5G

High frequency: Gamma radiations are the highest frequencies radiation that shows itself on one side of the electromagnetic spectrum and Infrared radiation on the other side with low frequencies.

Microwaves come in the middle of the electromagnetic spectrum on which the mobile phone works. The bandwidth of microwaves suitable for mobile phones is 3 GHz - 6 GHz.The frequency bandwidth used in 5G will be in the range of 20 GHz to 70 GHz, meanwhile, the frequency is called Millimeter waves, which are high-frequency waves.

Small Antenna: The size of the Antenna that catches high frequency is small in the transmitter and also in the receiver. This has the advantage that a lot of antennas are installed in the device, due to which the phase shift keeps happening, so that waves do not interfere and the signal quality gets better.

Short Range: Short-range is the limitation of 5G network, due to which many mobile towers will have to be installed at one place. A 5G Mobile tower can cover only three to four houses.

The backbone of 5G Network

Peer to Peer is Possible: Direct data communication can be possible between terminals in 5G networks because Millimetre waves are in short wavelength. diffusion efficiency between terminals is extremely high because the adoption of massive

MIMO Technology increases the number of base stations.

Full-duplex using hardware: Technology of Full-duplex is a great solution for future 5TH generation 5G system by accommodating the exponentially growing mobile traffic demand. it allows a device to transmit and receive signal simultaneously

in the same frequency band, it means doubling the system throughput over the half-duplex system.

Multipath for Everything: Technology of device to device communication can increase the throughput and also reduce the power consumption of cellular communication. Security is most important in 5G because 5G devices will not secure. it can affect the AI of self-driving vehicles and health care application.

I hope you liked this.

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Interesting facts of our Universe-SAMZOO

2020-04-15T23:32:00.000+05:30

WELCOME TO SAMZOO!

Our Galaxy is very bizarre and its way of working is also very different. there are some scientific interesting facts in our Galaxy which you should all know. we will be providing this information to you, so stay connected with us till the end of this article.

Interesting facts of our Universe

So, let's start with our lovable Earth

1. The Earth

* Did you know? 4.54 billion years is the age of our Earth. but how scientist calculated the age of the earth?

It is calculated by Radiometric dating technique.this is the technique used by scientist to calculate the age of any object.

* The average temperature of the earth is about 16°C, but there are many places where the temperature has shown its worst. for example, on 10th July 1913, the maximum temperature in

Death Valley of the US was 56.7°C and on July 21, 1983, minimum temperature -89.2°C was recorded at the Vostok Station of Russia.

* Earlier Scientists used to think that the Earth is the centre of the solar system and the rest of the planets, the Sun and the Moon revolve around it and a model was named at that time was Geocentric Model. but Nicolaus Copernicus proved this wrong and made a Heliocentric Model. according to the Heliocentric Model, all the planets are revolving around the Sun and moons revolving around the planets.

*The Rotation of Earth is slowing down. Earth Rotation is slowing down at the rate of 17 milliseconds per hundred years. this happens because the distance between Moon and Earth is increasing at the rate of 3.78 cm

per year.

We knew that Earth revolves around the Sun but the question is that at what rate?

Earth revolves around the Sun at the speed of 30 km per second.

2. Some Planets and Moon that can float on water.

* Saturn has a moon called Hyperion, it looks like a sponge, its density is half of the water so it can float on water.

* Saturn has also the same property because Saturn is mostly made up of gas and most of the gases are lighter than liquid, so it can also float on water.

3. Asteroid with moon

* We all knew that planets have its moon For example. Europe is a moon of Jupiter. Generally, the asteroid does not have any moon because they itself are smaller than the moon.

But 243 Ida is the moon. Which has it moon called Dactyl? There are 127 asteroid. Who has its own moon?

4. Eris

* Eris is a draft planet that orbits the Sun 3 times the distance between Pluto and the Sun.

Eris takes 570 years for a complete revolution.

5. Ganymede

* Jupiter have 61 moons. Europe, Ganymede, Callisto and other, but moon Ganymede is the largest natural satellite in the Solar system, Larger than Mercury and Pluto, and only slightly smaller than Mars.

6. V77-4104

* The farthest planet from Sun according to distance wise.

Pluto < Charon < Varuna < Makemake < Sedna < V77 - 4104

* V77 - 4104 was discovered on 13th October 2015, which is found in Oort Cloud. it orbits the Sun 500 times the distance between Eris and the Sun.

I hoped you liked this

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What benefits corona virus is going to give to Earth? Impact on global economy?-SAMZOO

2020-04-10T14:21:00.000+05:30

WELCOME TO SAMZOO!

Benefits given by Corona

Across the whole world, air pollution has been decreasing drastically. Air and the water in rivers have been getting cleaner due to the Global lockdown. Same effects have been observed in India where the blue sky is now visible across major cities like Delhi, Mumbai and Kolkata. Ganga and Yamuna are flowing cleaner.

Reduction in the emission of Nitrogen dioxide.

Nitrogen dioxide is a toxic gas that comes out from the Transportation sector as well as the industrial sector. The World Health Organization describes nitrogen dioxide as " a toxic gas which causes significant inflammation of the airways" at a concentration above 200 micrograms per cubic metres.

This can cause problems such as wheezing, coughing, colds, flu and bronchitis it can also reduce immunity to lung infections.

The lockdown caused by coronavirus has reduced carriages on the roads. the factories have also closed due to which concentration of NO2 in the atmosphere has been decreased.

Satellite imaginary of some countries:

China :

Itlay :

PM 2.5

Particulate matter which is also known as PM 2.5 is put into the category of carcinogen, which causes cancer. Due to the small size of PM 2.5, it goes into the bloodstream through the lungs. it can cause heart attack, respiratory problems and sometimes premature death. according to the estimate of WHO, more than 4 million people are killed every year worldwide because of PM 2.5. but its concentration reduced due to global lockdown.

Residents of Punjab's Jalandhar are now able to view the mighty Dhaulandhar mountain range located several kilometres away in Himachal Pradesh as the city's air quality has improved due to the ongoing country-wide lockdown.

Due to which the weather has become clear and blue sky in the day and twinkling stars appear in the sky at night. deaths due to PM 2.5 has also decreased due to clean air.

According to Stanford University deaths in china reduced to the decrease in air pollution.

This data is more than the patients who died because of COVID-19.

Reduction of Water Pollution

An undesirable change in the physical, biological or chemical qualities of water ( due to the addition of organic, inorganic, biological or radioactive substances) that adversely affects the aquatic life and makes the water unfit for use, is called water pollution. The closure of the factory has not only cleaned the water.

Effects on Climate change

Carbon dioxide is not a poisonous gas but it is a greenhouse gas which traps sun's heat energy falling on earth. The burning of more and more of fossil fuels is increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causing increased greenhouse effect leading to global warming. Fossil fuels are used in homes and in industry, or it is used to generate electricity at Thermal Power Plants. but the burning of fossil fuels releases a large amount of carbon dioxide and smoke which pollutes the environment.

A large number of fossil fuels are used in the industrial sector. but the closure of factories and industries has reduced the carbon dioxide gas emission.

Now comes to the Bad news

Whenever the emission of carbon dioxide gas is reduced, then our economy has also slashed, it means the economy is inversely proportional to nature. because the economy is under control in the industrial sector but we have discussed above that fossil fuels control the industries.

I hoped you liked this

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How Satellite works?/ what is its components and what are different satellite orbits?-SAMZOO

2020-04-06T17:33:00.001+05:30

WELCOME TO SAMZOO!

Beginning: How Satellite Works?

We live on this earth and more than half of our work depends on satellite, which would revolve around in the Earth's orbit. The GPS you used to navigate work only because of the satellite, not only this but mobiles phones, TV, Radios all works because of the satellite.

You will be surprised to know that that in our earth orbit, 4994 satellites keep circling the earth, out of which 1100 are active.

But have you think :

Why satellites are placed in different orbits?

How does satellite works?

What are its components?

Stay connected with us till the end of this article. you will get the answers to all these questions.

Before proceeding we should know some general terms.

Satellite: Satellite is an object that has been intentionally placed into orbit. these objects are called an artificial satellite.

Orbit: A curved path taken by a planet or another object as it moves around another planet, Stars, Moon, etc.

International Telecommunication Union (ITU): ITU is an agency of the United Nations (UN) whose purpose is to coordinate telecommunication operations and service through the world.

So let's start our Satellite Journey,

Everyone knows that due to the balance between Gravitation Force and Centrifugal Force, the satellite is stable in the orbit.

The balanced force equation decides the angular velocity of the satellite which balances the gravitation and centrifugal force. When the satellite is deployed in the space, they are given a sufficient speed, so that it can balance two forces.

The Satellite needs more speeds so that it ignores the gravitational pull and continuously revolve in the orbit. the satellite remains at its own speed and moves in the orbit without using any external energy.

There are three orbits of the earth in which satellite are placed.

Low Earth Orbit (LEO)

Medium Earth Orbit (MEO)

Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (GEO)

There is an interesting region between these three orbits, which is called VAN ALLEN BELT.

This region is made up of highly energetic charged particles that damage the electronic section of the satellite. Therefore, Satellites are not placed in this region.

Which Satellite to place in which orbit is dependent on its use. Satellite for Earth observation, Weather forecasting, Geographical Area Surveying, etc is always placed in LEO. It is very close to the earth and its altitude ranges from 160 to 2000 Km. The Satellite in this orbit is able to cover a very small area of the earth surface. therefore, a number of satellite is needed, so that global coverage can be achieved.

In the case of Broadcasting, the orbit is chosen called GEO. the distances between the satellite and the earth in this orbit are 35,786 km. In this orbit, satellite revolves at the same angular speed of the Earth, which means it takes 23 hours 56 minutes 4 seconds for the satellite to orbit the whole earth.

There is a special region inside GEO called Geo - Stationary Belt. The Satellites being placed in this belt keep revolving along with the earth, because of which we do not have to change the TV dish Antenna repeatedly. Television broadcasting satellites are placed in this belt. ITU manages all the satellites in this belt because this region is crowded by satellites.

There are only a few satellites in the GEO because one satellite can cover the 1/3 area of the earth surface, so three satellites are sufficient to cover the entire earth surface.

To access navigation applications, satellites are placed in the MEO, an altitude of this orbit ranges from 2000 to 35,700 km. MEO requires a lot of satellites to cover the entire Earth.

Components of Satellites :

Communication Satellite -

Transponders: A wireless communication device usually attached to a satellite. A Transponder receives and transmits radio signals at a prescribed frequency range. removing noise, changing frequency and amplifying the signals are its functions. the satellite has 20 and above transponders.

It is obvious that transponders require a great deal of electrical power to handle all these functions.

Solar Panels and Batteries: For the power, supply satellite have the option of batteries or solar panels. Solar Panels are required to meet the electricity need but during an eclipse, the batteries are used.

Sun Sensor: The Sun Sensor helps to angle the solar panel in the right direction so that the maximum power can be extracted from the sun.

Reflector Antenna: It helps to concentrate signals so that the transponder can work.

The satellite keeps revolving around the earth in earth's orbit but the gravitational force is not equal at all the parts of the earth because of unequal mass distribution of earth and the presence of Moon and The Sun, because of this sometimes satellite gets displaced from its position, this is a dangerous situation since it will lead to a complete loose of signal to avoid such situation Satellite makes use of Thruster, the thruster is fired to keep the satellite's position stable. These also help satellite to avoid space junk, fuel need for thruster are stored in tank assembled in the satellite body.

The Position of satellite and the control of thruster are continuously monitored from an Earth Station.

When satellite stops their functioning, then it may damage the other satellite. so to avoid damaging satellite are transfer to Grave Yard Orbit with the help of thrusters.

GPS Satellite :

Atomic Clock: Atomic Clock is a clock that uses the resonance frequencies of atoms as its resonator.

for synchronization purposes, atomic clocks are used.

L band Antenna: All GPS signals are in the L -band of the frequency spectrum ( 1 - 2 GHz ). Because L -band waves penetrate clouds, fog, storms, and vegetation, GPS units can receive accurate data in all weather conditions, day or night.

Earth Observation Satellite carries different types of sensor depending on their missions.

All Satellites are covered with Gold Foil what is the purpose of this foil?

Answer: It is not a Foil, it is made up of Polyimide coated with Aluminium, which protects the satellite from temperature variation and radiation of the sun, fall on the Satellite.

Hope you like the article

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Scientific Memorization Techniques for Students/ Effective learning by Science-SAMZOO

2020-04-03T15:34:00.000+05:30

Welcome to samzoo!

In this article, I am going to tell you some scientifically proven tricks, which will help you in your studies. Here are the tricks which will help to boost your memorization power and a bonus trick which help you to concentrate in studies, so please stay connected with us till the end of this article.

Scientific Memorization Techniques for Students

First of all, we will divide all the subjects into four categories:

Understanding concepts
Memorization
Languages
Applications

Let us discuss, what are the different tricks that will help you study, understand and learn from them.

UNDERSTANDING CONCEPTS

The first category is the understanding concepts. This includes subjects like Physics, Thermodynamics and economics, which require a deep understanding to grasp their concepts. The trick which can be used in this is that of the Feynman Technique.

FEYNMAN TECHNIQUE: Feynman was a Noble prize-winning Physicist. who, while studying in his university, discovered a technique. that has become very famous in today's times. which help you learn something very easily.

He made a notebook and on it, wrote down the topic which he was trying to understand. he studied about the topic and tried explaining it in his own words on a blank page in the notebook.

For example - There is a concept in economics " Lorenz Curve " which show inequality. Now we will use the Feynman technique to understand the concept of the Lorenz curve.

First, we will look through our study materials. we will try and understand it from the books that we have. if we are unable to understand then we will look up Lorenz curve on Google and then look at the results if the definition is complicated, then we will look at its images, our next step would be closing our study materials. Open up a blank page in the notebook and try to explain in our own words. whatever we have read on Google and books, then we would be able to see the gaps in my understanding. this would become clear only upon writing. when we would encounter gaps, then go back and refer to see what it was.

After this. the next step is explaining out loud in words, whatever we have written down. It has been scientifically proven that speaking out loud ensures a better understanding as compared to when you talk/think quietly in your mind.

Reading and understanding is a skill that you can practice even outside the purview of studies, you can even practice it in daily life. For instances, if you are reading the newspaper, read an article in the newspaper and summarize to your parents at home, what the key-points of the article were. This is going to enhance your skill of reading something and understanding its key points.

Feynman technique can be used even outside the purview of studies to improve our overall learning.

MEMORIZATION

The second category is memorization. This includes subjects like Civics, History, law, Biology and Medicines, all the subjects the involve rote learning.

The first thing you need to understand about our memory is that whatever our brain see or write, it cannot retain the written text very well.

What are the things that our brain can retain well?

First is - Emotional things (the things that we are emotionally attached to, the things that make us angry or happy or scared) we can retain these things better.

Second is - The things that are active more than one of our senses. For example - You do not just eat your food but also smell it. so, you can remember it better. something involves feeling, a sense of touch. so you can it even better.

The more numbers of senses you activate, the better you will be able to remember. the involvement of senses can be done by using your imagination. There are some techniques for this, one of the technique is Memory Palace.

MEMORY PALACE: Memory palace is a technique which involves using real-life locations that you know of, through which you create imaginary objects and create an association with the thing that you want to remember.

A Mnemonic trick is widely used to learn something like Periodic table. If someone else does not make the mnemonics, then you can make one for yourself that are self-created.

LANGUAGE

The third category is that of Languages. Language require everyday learning in small quantities and it requires a lot of practice.

Language can be divided into four categories :

# Reading

# Writing

# Listening

# Speaking

Reading and listening can be practised easily, you can merely go on the internet and read any entertaining stuff in that language for practice, you can practice listening and speaking similarly.

APPLICATIONS

The fourth category is Application-based subjects, it involves problem-solving and question-solving. The theory is quite small. The problems and questions are more in numbers. This includes subjects like Math's, Accounting and Mechanics, There is only one trick to solve them is Practice, Practice and Practice

In fact, it requires so much practice that you can ignore the theories most the times. you can start studying these subjects by looking at the example questions. Recognize the pattern in the solutions and try and imitate it, when you are done solving some problems, then you can go back to the theory of the entire thing and what were the formulas being used in these questions.

# BONUS TRICK

I would like to give you a bonus suggestion here, sometimes it so happens that you are reading something but you lose concentration because you do not find it interesting. A possible solution, in this case, would be trying to go to the depth of studying that thing. find out why are you studying, find out what is the purpose behind, what is its history?

I hope you like it.

Thanks...

The effect of artificial intelligence on human existence / Human vs Computer / Bad effects of AI

2020-03-31T17:01:00.000+05:30

Welcome to SAMZOO!

The effects of artificial intelligence on human existence

Image source-Google / Image via www.vpnsrus.com

WHAT HAPPENED TO FACEBOOK IN 2017?

The year 2017 was the scariest year in the world. because in the months of July and August this year, the experiment of Facebook created panic all over the world.

Actually, the engineers of Facebook were busy in making advanced Chatbots in those days.

CHATBOTS: Chatbot is a piece of software that conducts a conversation via auditory or textual methods.

Facebook was creating a chatbot that is not limited to Hii or Hello, but also expresses their emotions in different situations. which talked to people in human voice so, between the months of July and August, the intelligent developer of Facebook wondered why we would not have two chatbots talking to each other, but not to humans. He named the chatbot BOB and ALICE.

When an attempt was made to get a conversation between them, it was seen that they both started talking in a very surprising way.

BOB: I CAN I CAN EVERYTHING ELSE

ALICE: BALLS HAVE ZERO TO ME TO ME ...

BOB: YOU I EVERYTHING ELSE

ALICE: BALLS HAVE A BALL TO ME TO ME ...

The Facebook engineer did not understand what these two were talking about. after investigation it was found out that bots had developed a language of its own and speaking to each other, escaping from humans, in their own language. it was found that the programme had made its own intelligence.

As you know, it is not easy to make language, only intelligent can do this. like - Human.

Computer developed language among themselves which is impossible in the world of programme. they had developed his own language due to the power of artificial neuron network on his own, without coming to the knowledge of humans.

Facebook managed to close the programme very hard.

Think what would happen if they could not turn off the computer? that day was one of the most frightening incidents of artificial intelligence.

What happens? If a computer becomes self-aware like humans? If artificial intelligence cross human intelligence?

Artificial intelligence: A computer programme that can think on its own can do things that humans cannot do.

In today's world, humans have developed AI and are trying to improve it further. Man is using AI in his daily life like - Alexa, Siri, Google assistant. all these are artificial intelligence. but they are based on machine learning which is very useful for us.

MOORE'S LAW: Moore's law states that every one to two years, all the transistor sets in the world will double in computer parts.

This law proved to be true till the first computer was built till the date.

As of now, we do not have the most advanced AI present among us. but some views believe that it may come in the next 50 years.

Sir, Stephen Hawking said that " AI could end the world "

If we lose our control over the computer, then a war rises in this world, which will be between the computer and humans, which humans will never win because. if the computer can make its own language and can speak itself on its own, it is possible. If all these combine to form a powerful AI, then it will be more intelligent than the human. whatever method, we use we will fail to defeat the computer because their mind's power will be more than unlimited times.

You must be aware that of all the lives on this earth, the most superior is human, you will be surprised to know that there is a slight difference between Humans and Apes in term of intelligence, but this little difference makes human superior.

If all beings on the earth are measure in terms of intelligence. then,

# Mouse = 1

# Dolphins = 4

# Chimpanzee = 7

# Humans = 9

If AI comes, then it will get 1000 points and maybe even more.

Despite being so powerful the human mind got 9 points, because the human brain is made up of limited neuron. but there is no limit on artificial intelligence because the computer can extend itself to any extent.

Communication inside the computer is at the speed of light which is at 3 lakhs km/seconds, but speed in neuron would be only 400 km/hour.

If computer intelligence becomes 1% more powerful than human intelligence, then it will be called the singularity.

You can guess from the above chart artificial intelligence of that way will come soon.

My views on Artificial Intelligence.

When a computer becomes more powerful than a human being, then two things can happen,

CASE 1 : Human will be lost from the earth.

CASE 2 : Human will become immortal.

I hope you liked this

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Why is the need to study Quantum Mechanics? What is Quantum World and its Principle?-SAMZOO

2020-03-28T16:31:00.001+05:30

WELCOME TO THE QUANTUM WORLD!

You have come to the right place if you want to know what is the Quantum world? what is Quantum mechanics? why do we need to study about it, why is it the world's Top subject?

Need to study QUANTUM MECHANICS

INTRODUCTION

This universe is very different that no one can see. so we see our universe as normal. But when we zoom in any element of this world, then we see a different world.

For example - When we zoomed in to see a stone, then we get a detailed image and when we zoom that detailed image a lot, then we see Sub Atomic particles - Electron, Proton and Neutron.

But the question is to, what extent can we zoom an Element?

So, the answer is when we zoom an element, then we see its electron, proton and neutron. when we zoom a lot and cross the particle Quark ( THE SMALLEST PARTICLE EVER DISCOVERED), Then we just get to see only energy.

So it can be said that nothing is solid in this universe. because the particle from which the universe is created is not solid itself.

So it can be said "SOLIDITY IS AN ILLUSION"

Our real world is a quantum world because it is made up of particles, we know that particle is made up of Energy.

QUANTUM WORLD - Zoomed in the world is called the Quantum world and study of the Quantum world is called QUANTUM MECHANICS.

But the truth is that the Quantum world is very different from our real world, because all the laws of nature break there.

Why nature laws do not apply there?

# QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT

When the two particles come together with this principle, they form an entangled relationship. But when we separate one particle from those particles and keep it far away, then according to the principle of real-world his contact would be broken.

But when we look at it from the perspective of the Quantum world, then it proves to be wrong.

In the Quantum world if one of those particles which are placed 1000 km far from other particle rotates clockwise, then it affects the rotation of other particles which start rotate in the anti-clockwise direction. At the Quantum level, everything in this world is interconnected.

No matter how far it is?

# PHYSICAL DUALITY

According to this principle, particles at the Quantum level can be a wave and it can also be solid at the same time. This property appears by zooming the particle, this property is called Wave-particle duality.

# UNIVERSE CREATED BY THE CONSCIOUSNESS

According to this theory, consciousness is important for our world. in this theory, it is said that this world is in the form of of a wave, when an observer comes this wave collapses and appears in the solid form.

As if you are reading my article right now, at this time your office is a wave but when you go there, it becomes solid.

This theory questions the existence of our world.

# TIME IS NOT REAL

Theoretical Physicist Carlo Rovelli in his famous book (The order of the time), said that time does not exist.

At the Quantum level, this universe can be explained even without time. normally, we feel that time is moving forward and we are walking with it, if we consider cause and effect. but at the Quantum level, it is considered as an illusion according to which events happen but not linear.

Hence the principle of cause and effect fails at the Quantum level.

#MULTIPLE WORLD'S AND QUANTUM IMMORTALITY

In the Multiple World of Hypothesis, it is said that there exist countless other universes which are connected to each other, one of them is our universe in which we live. we have a copy in all the world that that exist, but they do not do the work that we are doing.

Hugh Everett had told the possibility that there can be a world where no one dies. Hugh said that the soul never dies, it just travels from one world to another. All these debated topics can be explained on the bases of Quantum Mechanics.

My views on Quantum Mechanics

Fact: Quantum mechanics is one of the subjects, that everyone wants to know about it. But no one fully explained the quantum mechanics and its working because we discussed above, that natural laws are not applicable there.

I hope you liked this

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Internet and its feature // Who control the Internet ?- samzoo

2020-03-26T15:40:00.000+05:30

Welcome to SAMZOO!

Have you ever thought about who runs the internet?

Who controls the internet worldwide?

Maybe you could think that the internet provider companies like Jio, Airtel and BSNL control the internet. But this is not true because, if one company stop providing internet, there are other companies present.

You have come to the right place if you want to know how the internet works.
In this article, you will get most of the information related to the internet, if you remain connected until the end of this post.

Before proceeding, you should know the internet is.

What is the Internet?

The internet is a wider network that allows computer network around the World run by companies, government, universities and the other organisation to talk one another.

It is that infrastructure that lets you order the weekly shop, share your life on Facebook, stream outcast on Netflix, email your aunt.

Now we know some basic knowledge related to the Internet. Keeping in mind your eagerness to know, we are moving forward to expose the world of Intenet.

How the Internet is made?

www.youtube.com. This is a URL/Link "youtube" here is called a domain name and the ".com" is called the top-level domain. If you want to build your own website, then you will have to buy your domain name. There are some websites that sell domain name as their job.

For example GoDaddy.com

But the question is that who gave them authority to sell a domain name?

There is another authority above it. The name of the authority is ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers).

This is a non-profit organisation based in Los Angeles. it has the power to authorize websites like GoDaddy.com to sell domain names. This is the authority that decides upon which websites can sell domain names. There could be.com, .in, .info or .gov. All of this is decided by ICANN.
Although it is a non-profit organization. It sells top-level domain names to the rest of the companies by bidding. The companies that it sells to are called "Registries". Below the registries are the Registrars. Companies like GoDaddy.com, that can sell both top-level domains as well as domain names to the people.

So, is ICANN the god of the Internet?

This cannot be said because the internet is a very decentralized network. All the mobile phones and computers that are connected to the internet, make up the internet.it is called Server, Your mobiles and computer are data centres and servers that are connected to each other through wires.

Huge underwater cables have been laid worldwide across the continents. That connects the computers worldwide to one another, Which make up the internet. Mobile phones operate through mobile towers and(offer) 3G, 4G which do not have an extremely wide range. so the towers of the mobile phones are actually connected to wires and they are eventually connected to those wires that are connected to the wires connected worldwide company that has laid down these wires holds a huge amount of significant power, because it is supplying internet to many different places.

Secondly, the companies that lay down cables on land to help internet reach every household by connecting these wires to the main cables and connect computers to the internet worldwide.

They too hold a huge amount of power. they are called internet service provider - ISPs

these would be like Airtel, Jio, BSNL that supply internet to your homes. these ISPs can block certain websites upon the direction of the government. But they do not hold sufficient power to control a lot of things, Because you could use VPNs to overcome the blockages of the ISPs.

IP Address

Just like every mobile phone has a number from which you can call another mobile phone, similarly, every device that is connected to the internet has an IP address, be it your computer, your Smartphone or be it any other server like a data centre, if it is connected to the internet, it will have an IP address, each web too, has an IP address.

For example - If you make a phone call on a number, then the call goes on another phone which you can talk on, similarly, when you type an IP address in your browser it goes to another server and you are able to view the website of that server on your own computer.

Now you are thinking that you type the domain name, not the IP address.

The domain names are connected to the IP address. Actually, Humans cannot read the IP address because it is written in digits and numbers.

So the domain name is a human-readable form of an IP address, when you type the domain name of a website in your browser. Then, the thing that convert the domain name into the IP address is called Domain Name Server (DNS). Sometimes the Internet Service Provider block certain websites from the DNS so that when you type the domain name, it is not able to link it to the particular IP address. so the DNS of the Internet Service Providers blocks you from reaching certain websites. For this you can simply use a public DNS. For example, the DNS, the DNS of Google is 8.8.8.8. you can go to your mobile setting and change your DNS. you can go to your computer setting and change your DNS to begin using the Google DNS. Then, the blocked websites will get unblocked, using VPN is another way.

So let us revert to our original question.

Who controls the INTERNET? who does it belong to?

The correct answer to this would be that it belongs to nobody and belongs to everybody. because the internet runs only when it is a decentralized system. And if you wish to buy a part of the internet, if you wish to own it. You can only do it when you build a website of your own.

the website can be build by purchasing your own domain name. then you had a need to buy a server where your website can be stored. Now a question has arisen that your mobile phones and your computers could be a server. Yes, they could be. but it does not have enough processing power and space to store an entire website, and also, neither your computer nor your phones run 24/7.

So what the people generally do is large companies have set up their data centres and huge servers, which are very secure. you could go, buy a server there to store your website. Then, you will have to link your domain name to your server and publish your DNS.

You own a website. what if you are able to use this website like using your hard disk or pen drives at home? Because the website is providing you with a storage space, which is on the server. when you are out somewhere(you cloud) merely open up your website on the internet and you are able to view the documents on the website just like you view the documents stored on a hard disk.

The difference being, the world is not able to access this website, only you would be able to access it, because it would have a username and password.

My view on the Internet and its working mechanism

Working on the internet complex and well organized, but it provides information by just one click in the easiest manner.

I hope you liked this

Thanks...