Medical Mnemonics

PEDIATRICS MNEMONICS

2011-03-04T10:04:00.000-08:00

Measles: complications "MEASLES COMP" (complications):
Myocarditis
Encephalitis
Appendicitis
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
Laryngitis
Early death
Sh!ts (diarrhoea)
Corneal ulcer
Otis media
Mesenteric lymphadenitis
Pneumonia and related (bronchiolitis-bronchitis-croup)

Sturge-Weber syndrome: hallmark features Sturge-Weber:
1. Seizures
2. PortWine stain

Guthrie card: diseases identified with it "Guthrie Cards Can Help Predict Bad Metabolism":
Galactosaemia
Cystic fibrosis
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Hypothyroidism
Phenylketonuria
Biotidinase deficiency
Maple syrup urine disease

Croup: symptoms 3 S's:
Stridor
Subglottic swelling
Seal-bark cough

Ataxia-Telangiectasia (AT): common sign AT:
Absent
Thymus

Cerebral palsy (CP): most likely cause CP: Cerebral Palsy
Child Premature
· The premature brain is more prone to all the possible insults.

Vacterl syndrome: components VACTERL:
Vertebral anomalies
Anorectal malformation
Cardiac anomaly
Tracheo-esophageal fistula
Exomphalos (aka omphalocele)
Renal anomalies
Limb anomalies
Guthrie card: diseases identified with it GUTHRIE:
Galactosaemia
Urine [maple syrup urine disease]
THyRoid [hypothyroidism]
Inborn Errors of metabolism [eg: PKU]

Duodenal atresia vs. Pyloric stenosis: site of obstruction Duodenal Atresia: Distal to Ampulla of vater.
Pyloric stenosis: Proximal to it.

Bilirubin: phototherapy BiLirUbin absorbs light maximally in the
BLUe range.

11

Williams syndrome: features WILLIAMS:
Weight (low at birth, slow to gain)
Iris (stellate iris)
Long philtrum
Large mouth
Increased Ca++
Aortic stenosis (and other stenoses)
Mental retardation
Swelling around eyes (periorbital puffiness)

Russell Silver syndrome: features ABCDEF:
Asymmetric limb (hemihypertrophy)
Bossing (frontal)
Clinodactyly/ Cafe au lait spots
Dwarf (short stature)
Excretion (GU malformation)
Face (triangular face, micrognathia)

Dentition: eruption times of permanent dentition "Mama Is In Pain, Papa Can Make Medicine":
1st Molar: 6 years
1st Incisor: 7 years
2nd Incisor: 8 years
1st Premolar: 9 years
2nd Premolar: 10 years
Canine: 11 years
2nd Molar: 12 years
3rd Molar: 18-25 years

Cyanotic heart diseases: 5 types · Use your five fingers:
1 finger up: Truncus Arteriosus (1 vessel)
2 fingers up: Dextroposition of the Great Arteries (2 vessels transposed)
3 fingers up: Tricuspid Atresia (3=Tri)
4 fingers up: Tetralogy of Fallot (4=Tetra)
5 fingers up: Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (5=5 words)

Cyanotic congenital heart diseases 5 T's:
Truncus arteriosus
Transposition of the great arteries
Tricuspid atresia
Tetrology of Fallot
Total anomalous pulmonary venous return

Head circumference with age · Remember 3, 9, and multiples of 5:
Newborn 35 cm
3 mos 40 cm
9 mos 45 cm
3 yrs 50 cm
9 yrs 55 cm

Weights of children with age Newborn 3 kg
6 mos 6 kg (2x birth wt at 6 mos)
1 yr 10 kg (3x birth wt at 1 yr)
3 yrs 15 kg (odd yrs, add 5 kg until 11 yrs)
5 yrs 20 kg
7 yrs 25 kg
9 yrs 30 kg
11 yrs 35 kg (add 10 kg thereafter)
13 yrs 45 kg
15 yrs 55 kg
17 yrs 65 kg

Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome (HUS): components

"Remember to decrease the RATE of IV fluids in these patients":
Renal failure
Anemia (microangiopathic, hemolytic)
Thrombocytopenia
Encephalopathy (TTP)

Cough (chronic): differential When cough in nursery, rock the "CRADLE":
Cystic fibrosis
Rings, slings, and airway things (tracheal rings)/ Respiratory infections
Aspiration (swallowing dysfunction, TE fistula, gastroesphageal reflux)
Dyskinetic cilia
Lung, airway, and vascular malformations (tracheomalacia, vocal cord dysfunction)
Edema (heart failure)

Cystic fibrosis: presenting signs CF PANCREAS:
Chronic cough and wheezing
Failure to thrive
Pancreatic insufficiency (symptoms of malabsorption like steatorrhea)
Alkalosis and hypotonic dehydration
Neonatal intestinal obstruction (meconium ileus)/ Nasal polyps
Clubbing of fingers/ Chest radiograph with characteristic changes
Rectal prolapse
Electrolyte elevation in sweat, salty skin
Absence or congenital atresia of vas deferens
Sputum with Staph or Pseudomonas (mucoid)

21

Cystic fibrosis: exacerbation of pulmonary infection CF PANCREAS:
Cough (increase in intensity and frequent spells)
Fever (usually low grade, unless severe bronchopneumonia is present)
Pulmonary function deterioration
Appetite decrease
Nutrition, weight loss
CBC (leukocytosis with left shift)
Radiograph (increase overaeration, peribronchial thickening, mucus plugging)
Exam (rales or wheezing in previously clear areas, tachypnea, retractions)
Activity (decreased, impaired exercise intolerance, increased absenteeism)
Sputum (becomes darker, thicker, and more abundant, forming plugs)

Pyloric stenosis (congential): presentation Pyloric stenosis is 3 P's:
Palpable mass
Paristalsis visible
Projectile vomiting (2-4 weeks after birth)

Cyanotic heart diseases: 5 types · 5 T's:
Tetralogy of Fallot
Transposition of the great arteries
Truncus arteriosus
Tricuspid atresia, pulmonary aTresia
Total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage

Breast feeding: benefits ABCDEFGH:
· Infant:
Allergic condition reduced
Best food for infant
Close relationship with mother
Development of IQ, jaws, mouth
· Mother:
Econmical
Fitness: quick return to pre-pregnancy body shape
Guards against cancer: breast, ovary, uterus
Hemorrhage (postpartum) reduced

Perez reflex Eliciting the PErEz reflex will make the baby PEE.

WAGR syndrome: components WAGR:
Wilm's tumor
Aniridia
Gential abnormalities
Mental retardation

Haematuria: differential in children ABCDEFGHIJK:
Anatomy (cysts, etc)
Bladder (cystitis)
Cancer (Wilm's tumour)
Drug related (cyclophosphamide)
Exercise induced
Factitious (Munchausen by proxy)
Glomerulonephritis
Haematology (bleeding disorder, sickle cell)
Infection (UTI)
In Jury (trauma)
Kidney stones (hypercalciuria)

Vitamin toxicities: neonatal Excess vitamin A: Anomalies (teratogenic)
Excess vitamin E: Enterocolitis (necrotizing enterocolitis)
Excess vitamin K: Kernicterus (hemolysis)

Rubella: congenital signs "Rubber Ducky, I'm so blue!" (like the "Rubber Ducky" song):
Rubber: Rubella
Ducky: Patent Ductus Arteriosus, VSD and pulmonary artery stenosis.
I'm: Eyes (cataracts, retinopathy, micropthalmia, glaucoma).
Blue: "Blueberry Muffin" rash (extramedullary hematopoesis in skin +purpura)
· Also, deafness, growth retardation, and some more.

Pediatric milestones in development 1 year:
-single words
2 years:
-2 word sentences
-understands 2 step commands
3 years:
-3 word combos
-repeats 3 digits
-rides tricycle
4 years:
-draws square
-counts 4 objects

31

Gastroschisis: usual location GasTRoscHIsis usually occurs on the
RIGHT side of the umbilicus.
(Unscramble the letters).

Milk protein: women vs. cows Woman: Whey (mostly)
Cow: Casein (mostly)

Short stature: differential ABCDEFG:
Alone (neglected infant)
Bone dysplasias (rickets, scoliosis, mucopolysaccharidoses)
Chromosomal (Turner's, Down's)
Delayed growth
Endocrine (low growth hormone, Cushing's, hypothyroid)
Familial
GI malabsorption (celiac, Crohn's)

Preventive and social medicine Mnemonic (PSM)

2010-10-31T12:03:00.000-07:00

B Vitamins

"Train private-first class"
"TRN PFC"
B1 - T hiamine
B2 - R iboflavin
B3 - N iacin (nicotinic acid)
B6 - P yridoxine
B9 - F olic acid
B12 - C yanocobalamin

Assesment of Nutritional Status!!!
Posted by wagingwarlord on 24-Feb-2006
1716 people have seen this mnemonic.

A=Anthropometric Studies
B=Bichemical Studies
C=Clinical Examination
D=Diet Surveys
E=Ecological surveys
F=Functinal Status
HiV=Health and Vital Statistics

ASHA( ACCREDITED SOCIAL HEALTH ACTIVIST)- ROLES
"ASHA will do INFORMATIVE CME on PDA PROVIDED VILLAGES PROMOTE it."

Informative - Inform about birth, death, diseases
C - Counsel mothers
M - Mobilise the ppl for better access to health facilities
E - Escort preg to facilitate institutional delivery
P - Primary medical care
D - Depot holder
A - Awareness about diseases, health care
Provided - Provider of care for child health etc
Villages - Village Health plan formulation
Promote - Promote construction of sanitary toilets etc

MOVIE Review ANWAR

2010-10-15T05:02:00.000-07:00

Saw much hyped malayalam movie Anwar *ing Prithviraj, Prakashraj, Lal, Mamtha, Saikumar, Geetha, Nithya, Salim kumar directed by Amal Neera (Director of Sagar alias jacky and Bigb) from calicut apsara.

Atmosphere was terrific since its pooja holiday here..... Before the show time became housefull....

Movie:-

Mammootty is giving introduction for the movie.
The movie starts with Coimbatore bomb blasts in a textile showroom.. Lots of people dies and so many people were arrested. ATS Commissioner (Praksh Raj) starts investigation and he arrests Babu Sait (Lal) who is a religious leader. He also arrests Aysha (mamtha), suspecting Ammonium Nitrate was distributed from the company where she is working. Lots of questions... no answers... ATS Commissioner and team is not getting any proof to reach them..... He came to know that the culprit is going to walk freely in front of them.........
But suddenly he gets an unexpected stuff which was burning in front of him and he felt the heat of it......................... Suspense........
Better know it from the theaters...........

Negatives

1. first half
First half was nothing other than a few camera work of amal neerad and action scene in the jail... But that fight lasted for around 20 min and no policemen or securities didnt come until he finish it..
And from then movie goes down very badly... Lot of terrorist activities and criticizing indian laws (one work muted) by babu sait and his talks with Anwar (some of them are very very dangerous i felt) hmmmmm... I felt wonder why censor board allowed such scenes highly inflammable scenes till the end of first half...

2. Anwar goes alone to destroy a group of gundas at their place and fighting with them..

A below average first half ends with lots of booing inside the theater.... Theater owner comes and asks to me hows the movie... hmmm I said, let us see the second half........... other wise........

script is not good.... many time told story.....but good camera works helped forgetting it.....

Positives

second half was better considering the below avg first half.....
says story of anwar....

stunning camera works by amal neerad

Good BGM

Songs are ok.... (one song has a resemblance of "vennilave" in SAJ)
Action: First action is good... In the climax fight camera did all the work rather than Prithvi or anybody........
many scenes are from bigb and saj we feel...

Performance:

Prithvi is ok. Nothing to do.
Lal: as usual...
Prakash raj : did well.............
Mamtha and all are ok..

Songs: Nothing exceptional... just ok......

Verdict:
Below average first half and ok second half.....

WOM: Disappointing..... Youth are criticizing a lot after the movie....

after a good initial dont know whether it will overcome all the negative reports......

GO FOR AMAL NEERAD'S CAMERA WORKS.... NOTHING ELSE IS THERE TO ENJOY.............

ACUTE ABDOMINAL PAIN Causes

2010-10-10T06:37:00.000-07:00

ACUTE ABDOMINAL PAIN:
"BAD GUT PAIN" and "ECTOPIC"
B - Bowel obstruction
A - Appendicitis, Adenitis (mesenteric)
D - Diverticulitis
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Dysentary/Diarrhea Drug withdrawal
G - Gastroenteritis
Gall bladder disease/stones/
obstruction/infection
U - Urinary tract obstruction (stone)
infection (pyelo/cystitis)
T - Testicular Torsion
Toxin - Lead, black widow spider bite
P - Pneumonia/Pleurisy
Pancreatitis
Perforated bowel/ulcer
Porphyuria
A - Abdominal aneurysm
IN - Infarcted bowel
Infarcted myocardium (AMI)
Incarcerated hernia
Inflammatory bowel disease
S - Splenic rupture/infarction
Sickle cell pain crisis
sequestration crisis

For FEMALES with acute PELVIC pain, think "ECTOPIC" as well as the above causes
E - Ectopic (This is your priority rule out always)
Endometriosis
C - Cyst rupture (corpus leutium cyst rupture)
T - Torsion of ovary or cyst
O - Ovulation: Mittelschmerz
P - Pelvic Inflammatory Disease,
salpingitis, tubo - ovarian abscess
I - Incomplete abortion
C - Cystitis/pyelonephritis

Medical Mnemonics Pharmacology

2010-10-04T00:40:00.000-07:00

Enoxaprin (prototype low molecular weight heparin): action, monitoring

EnoXaprin only acts on factor Xa.

Monitor Xa concentration, rather than APTT.

Knowledge Level 7, System: Cardiovascular

Dr. Atif Farooq Khawaja Rawalpindi Medical College, Pakistan, Gujranwala

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins): side effects, contraindications, interactions

HMG-CoA:

Side effects:

Hepatotoxicity

Myositis [aka rhabdomyolysis]

Contraindications:

Girl during pregnancy/ Growing children

Interactions:

Coumarin/ Cyclosporine

Knowledge Level 4, System: Cardiovascular

Dr. Atif Farooq Khawaja Rawalpindi Medical College, Pakistan, Gujranwala

Hypertension: treatment

ABCD:

ACE inhibitors/ AngII antagonists (sometimes Alpha agonists also)

Beta blockers

Calcium antagonists

Diuretics

Mr. LW Mason 4th Year Medical Student

Patent ductus arteriosus: treatment "Come In and Close the door":

INdomethacin is used to Close PDA.

Knowledge Level 2, System: Cardiovascular

Milixa Fortuna UAG Medical Student

Propranolol and related '-olol' drugs: usage

"olol" is just two backwards lower case b's.

Backward b's stand for "beta blocker".

Beta blockers include acebutolol, betaxolol, bisoprolol, oxprenolol, propranolol.

Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Thrombolytic agents Hi Yield

USA:

Urokinase

Streptokinase

Alteplase (tPA)

Dr. Harsh Sharma BJMC, Pune, India

Warfarin: action, monitoring

WePT:

Warfarin works on the extrinsic pathway and is monitored by PT.

Marcus James Fidel Medical Student, University of New Mexico

Mnemonics in Anatomy

2010-10-02T02:02:00.000-07:00

HEAD:
•Cranial bones "PEST OF 6":
Parietal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Temporal
Occipital
Frontal
· The 6 just reminds that there's 6 of them to
remember.

•BRACHIAL PLEXUS:
Roots, Trunks, Divisions, Cords, Branches
•Randy Travis Drinks Cold Beers.
•Robert Taylor Drinks Cold Beer.
•Brachial plexus: branches of posterior
cordSTAR: Subscapular [upper and lower]
Thoracodorsal Axillary Radial
•CRANIAL NERVES:
I-optic,
II-olfactory,
III-oculomotor,
IV-trochlear,
V-trigeminal, Trigeminal nerve: where branches
exit skull"Standing Room Only": Superior orbital
fissure is V1 foramen Rotundum is V2 foramen
Ovale is V3
VI-abducens,
VII-facial,
VIII-acoustic (vestibulocochlear),
IX-glossophrayngeal,
X-vagus, Vagus nerve: path into thorax"I Left my
Aunt in Vegas": Left Vagus nerve goes Anterior
descending into the thorax.
XI-spinal accessory,
XII-hypoglossal

•On Old Olympus Towering Tops, A Finn And
German Viewed Some Hops
•You have I nose. You have II eyes. (I - Olfactory;
II – Optic)
Nasal cavity components
"Never Call Me Needle Nose!":
Nares [external] Conchae Meatuses Nares [internal]
Nasopharynx · Note mnemonic sentence is nasally-related.
•CERVICAL SPINAL NERVES:
•c345 keeps the phrenic alive (innervation of
phrenic nerve)
•c345 keep the diaphragm alive (innervation of
diaphragm)
•c5-6-7 raise your arms to heaven (nerve roots
of long thoracic nerve innervate serratus
anterior)
•

ATTACHMENTS OF CHEST MUSCLES:
•A lady between two majors.
•Pectoralis major attaches to lateral lip of
bicipital groove.
•Teres major attaches to medial lip of
bicipital groove.
•Latissimus dorsi attaches to the floor of
bicipital groove.
•The "lati" is between two "majors."
•

AORTIC BRANCHES:
•ABC'S
•Aortic arch gives off the Bracheiocephalic
trunk, the left Common Carotid, and the left
Subclavian artery
External carotid artery branches"Suzy
Always Lays Flat On Pillows Making Sex
Terrific": Superior thyroid Ascending
pharyngeal Lingual Facial Occipital
Posterior auricular Maxillary Superificial
Temporal
NECK

Hyoid bone: muscle attachments " C hrist, H e D idn't
S crew G irls M uch. T hat's O bvious, S tupid":
· The first sentence is for 6 muscles attaching superiorly,
the second sentence is for 3 muscles attaching inferiorly.
· Both sentences are in order from lateral to medial:
C onstricter (middle)
H yoglossus
D igastric
S tylohyoid
G eniohyoid
M yloyoid
T hyrohyoid
O mohyoid
S ternohyoid
Ramas colaterales de la arteria subclavia: Indio ver
tres ciervos, de un tiro dos escapar y uno matar
IN: Tronco intercostal superior.
VER: Art. vertebral.
3 CIERVOS: 3 arterias cervicales: ascendente, transversa y
profunda.
1 TIRO: 1 tiroidea: Art. tiroidea inferior.
2 ESCAPAR: dos arterias escapulares: supraescapular y
escapular posterior.
1 MATAR: Una mamaria: Art. mamaria interna.
Musculos infrahioideos: Este hombre esta tirado
Este: esternohioideo
Hombre: omohioideo
Esta: esternocleidohioideo
Tirado: tirohioideo
Musculos suprahioideos: Diga estilo mi general
Diga: digastrico anterior y posterior
Estilo: estilohioideo
Mi: milohioideo
General: genihiodeo
MIEMBRO SUPERIOR Y CINTURA ESCAPULAR:

Erector spinae muscles
"I Love Sex":
· From lateral to medial: Iliocostalis Longissimus Spinalis
· Alternatively:
"I Long for Spinach"
· "Sex" helps you think of "Erector", but "Long" and
"Spinach" help you remember the muscles' names.
Thoracoacromial artery branches"CAlifornia Police
Department": Clavicular Acromial Pectoral Deltoid

Axillary artery branches
"Suzy Thompkins Loves Sex, Alcohol, and Pot": ·
From proximal to distal: Superior thoracic
Thoracoacromial Lateral thoracic Subscapular
Anterior circumflex humeral Posterior circumflex
humeral
Serratus anterior: innervation SALT: Serratus
Anterior = Long Thoracic.
Rotator cuff muscles"The SITS muscles":
· Clockwise from top: Supraspinatus Infraspinatus
Teres minor Subscapularis · A pro baseball pitcher
has injured his rotator cuff muscles. As a result, he
SITS out for the rest of the game, and then gets sent
to the minor leagues.
Biceps brachii muscle: origins
"You walk shorter to a street corner. You ride longer
on a superhighway.":
· Short head originates from coracoid process.
· Long head originates from the supraglenoid cavity.
Cubital fossa contents "N-MAN":
· From lateral to medial: Nerve Muscle Artery Nerve ·
Specifics are radial Nerve, biceps Muscle tendon,
brachial Artery, median Nerve.

Cubital fossa contents
"My Bottoms Turned Red":
· From medial to lateral:
Median nerve
Brachial artery
Tendon of biceps
Radial nerve
Brachioradialis: function, innervation, one relation,
one attachment BrachioRadialis: Function: Its the Beer
Raising muscle, flexes elbow, strongest when wrist is
oriented like holding a beer. Innervation: Breaks Rule: it’s a
flexor muscle, But Radial. (Radial nerve usually is for
extensors: Recall BEST rule: B was for brachioradialis).
Important relation: Behind it is the Radial nerve in the
cubital fossa. Attachment: Attaches to Bottom of Radius.
Elbow: muscles that flex itThree B's Bend the elBow:
Brachialis Biceps Brachioradialis
Anterior forearm muscles: superficial groupThere are
five, like five digits of your hand. Place your thumb into
your palm, then lay that hand palm down on your other
arm, as shown in diagram. Your 4 fingers now show
distribution: spells PFPF [pass/fail, pass/fail]: Pronator
teres Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexor carpi
ulnaris Your thumb below your 4 fingers shows the muscle
which is deep to the other four: Flexor digitorum
superficialis.

Palmaris longus: location, relative to wrist nerves
"The Palmaris between two Palmars ":
Palmaris longus is between the Palmar cutaneous branch
of Ulnar nerve and Palmar cutaneous branch of Median
nerve.
Carpal tunnel syndrome causesMEDIAN TRAP:
Myxoedema Edema premenstrually Diabetes
Idiopathic Agromegaly Neoplasm Trauma
Rheumatoid arthritis Amyloidosis Pregnancy ·
Mnemonic fits nicely since median nerve is trapped.

Radial nerve: muscles innervated
"Try A Big Chocolate Chip Sundae, Double Dip Cherries
And Peanuts Preferably Included":
· In order of their innervation, proximal to distal:
Triceps Anconeus Brachioradialis ext. Carpi radialis longus
ext. Carpi radialis brevis Supinator ext. Digitorum ext.Digiti
minimi ext. Carpi ulnaris Abductor poll. longus ext. Poll.
brevis ext. P poll. longus ext. Indicis · For the neighboring
words that start with the same letter (eg: chocolate and
chip), notice that the longer word in the mnemonic,
corresponds to the longer of the two muscle names (ex:
ext. carpi radialis longus and ext. carpi radialis brevis)
Median nerve: recognizing it in an opened axillaThe
Median nerve is the Middle of a giant capital "M" formed
by the musculocutaneous and ulnar nerves.

Median nerve: hand muscles innervated "The LOAF
muscles":
L umbricals 1 and 2
O pponens pollicis
A bductor pollicis brevis
F lexor pollicis brevis
· Alternatively: LLOAF , with 2 L's, to recall there's 2
lumbricals.
· To remember that these are the Me dian nerve muscles,
think " Me at LOAF ".
Median and ulnar nerves: common features Each
supply 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus. Each supplies 2
lumbricals. Each has a palmar cutaneous nerve that pops
off prematurely. Each supplies an eminence group of
muscles [ulnar: hypothenar. median: thenar]. Each enters
forearm through two heads [ulnar: heads of flexor carpi
ulnaris. median: heads of pronator teres]. Each has no
branches in upper arm. Each makes two fingers claw when
cut at wrist. Each supplies a palmaris [median: palmaris
longus. ulnar: palmaris brevis].
Ulnar nerve to ulnar artery and radial nerve to radial
artery relations Think "peripheral nerves": The ulnar
nerve is "ulnar" to the ulnar artery. Radial nerve is "radial"
to the radial artery.

Carpal bones"Stop Letting Those People Touch The
Cadaver's Hand": · Proximal row, lateral-to-medial
(in anatomical position): Scaphoid Lunate
Triquetrum Pisiform · Distal row, lateral-to-medial:
Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate Hamate
Carpal bones"She Looks Too Pretty; Try To Catch
Her": · Proximal row then distal row, both lateral-to-
medial: Scaphoid Lunate Triquetrium Pisiform

Trapezium Trapezoid Capate Hamate · Alternatively:
"She Likes To Play; Try To Catch Her".
1era hilera:
"Es solo una piramide de pis"
ES=Escafoides
S=Semilunar
PIRAMID=Piramidal
PIS=Pisiforme
Flexor digitorum muscles: how they insert onto
fingers· A little rhyme: Superficialis Splits in two, To
Permit Profundus Passing through.
Dermatome C6 location
Stick arm out like crucifixion stance. Curl your
thumb and forefinger into an "OK" symbol while
keeping your other fingers straight. Your hand
should now look like a 6 shape. So C6 dermatome is
your thumb and top of arm (reason for crucifix
stance). · See diagram.
Dermatome C7 locationC7 gives the finger to heaven
(as in middle finger).
Lumbricals action Lumbrical action is to hold a pea,
that is to flex the metacarpophalangeal joint and
extend the interphalangeal joints. When look at
hand in this position, can see this makes an "L"
shape, since L is for Lumbrical.

Intrinsic muscles of hand (palmar surface) "A OF A
OF A":
· Thenar, lateral to medial:
Abductor pollicis longus
Opponens pollicis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Adductor pollicis.
· Hypothenar, lateral to medial:
Opponens digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
MIEMBRO INFERIOR:
Hip: lateral rotators"Play Golf Or Go On Quaaludes": ·
From top to bottom: Piriformis Gemellus superior Obturator
internus Gemellus inferior Obturator externus Quadratus
femoris · Alternatively: "P-GO-GO-Q".
Hip: lateral rotators "Piece Goods Often Go On Quilts":
Piriformis Gemellus superior Obturator internus Gemellus
inferior Obturator externus Quadratus femoris

Lumbar plexus "I, I Get Laid On Fridays":
Iliohypogastric [L1]
Ilioinguinal [L1]
Genitofemoral [L1, L2]
Lateral femoral cutaneous [L2, L3]
Obtruator [L2, L3, L4]
Femoral [L2, L3, L4]
· Alternatively: "I twice Get Laid On Fridays". ·
Alternatively: "Interested In Getting Laid On Fridays?"
Inguinal canal: walls"MALT: 2M, 2A, 2L, 2T":
· Starting from superior, moving around in order to
posterior: Superior wall (roof): 2 Muscles: · internal oblique
Muscle · transverse abdominus Muscle Anterior wall: 2
Aponeuroses: · Aponeurosis of external oblique ·
Aponeurosis of internal oblique Lower wall (floor): 2
Ligaments: · inguinal Ligament · lacunar Ligament
Posterior wall: 2Ts: · Transversalis fascia · conjoint Tendon
Obturator canal: relations of structures "Who's flying
in the top of Obturator canal? Obviously Not A Vein!":
Obturator
Nerve
Artery
Vein

Thigh: innervation by compartment" MAP OF Sciatic":
Medial compartment: Obturator Anterior compartment:
Femoral Posterior compartment: Sciatic
· So all the thigh muscles in that compartment get
innervated by that nerve.
Leg: anterior muscles of leg"The Hospitals Are Not
Dirty Places": T: Tibialis anterior H: extensor Hallucis
longus A: anterior tibial Artery N: deep fibular Nerve D:
extensor Digitorum longus P: Peronius tertius [aka fibularis
tertius]
Leg: anterior muscles of leg "Tom's Hairy ANd Dirty
Penis":
T: Tibialis anterior
H: extensor Hollicis longus
AN: anterior tibial Artery & deep fibular Nerve
D: extensor Digitorum longus
P: Peronius tertius [aka fibularis tertius]

Ankle: anterior compartment of leg contents
"The Hamptons Are Never Dull Parties": · From medial
malleolus: Tibialis anterior tendon (Extensor) Hallacus
longus Artery (anterior tibial) Nerve (deep peroneal)
(Extensor) Digitorum Peroneus tertius

Tarsal bones
"Tall Californian Navy Medcial Interns Lay Cuties":
· In order (right foot, superior to inferior, medial to lateral):
Talus Calcanous Navicular Medial cuneiform Intermediate
cuneiform Lateral cuneifrom Cuboid
Tarsal tunnel: contents
"Tiny Dogs Are Not Hunters":
· From superior to inferior:
T: Tibialis posterior F: flexor Digitorum longus A: posterior
tibial Artery N: tibial Nerve H: flexor Hallucis longus

Features of major depression

2010-10-01T10:54:00.000-07:00

"SIG E CAPS."
"SIG" is an abbreviation doctors use to stand for prescribe;
"E" stands for energy; and "CAPS" stands for capsules.
S-sleep decrease or increase;
I-interest loss;
G-guilt feelings;
E-energy decline;
C-concentration impairment;
A-appetite change;
P-psychomotor disturbance (agitation or slowed movements);
S-suicidal thinking.

Causes of a syncope or loss of consciousnes

2010-10-01T10:47:00.000-07:00

A – Alcohol

E – Epilepsy with seizure activity

I – Infection

O – Overdose

U- Uremia (excess uremia in the blood as a result of kidney failure or inadequacy)

T – Trauma

I - Insulin (high or low BSL)

P – Poisoining

S – Stroke

Mnemonics In Pharmacology

2010-10-01T06:44:00.000-07:00

Hepatic necrosis: drugs causing focal to massive necrosis
"Very Angry Hepatocytes":
Valproic acid
Acetaminophen
Halothane
Knowledge Level 6, System: Alimentary
Calvin Sy University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine

Adrenoceptors: vasomotor function of alpha vs. beta
ABCD:
Alpha = Constrict.
Beta = Dilate.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Cardiovascular
Anonymous Contributor

Amiodarone: action, side effects [ID 1146]
6 P's:
Prolongs action potential duration
Photosensitivity
Pigmentation of skin
Peripheral neuropathy
Pulmonary alveolitis and fibrosis
Peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 is inhibited -> hypothyroidism
Knowledge Level 3, System: Cardiovascular
Archana

Antiarrhythmics: class III members
BIAS:
Bretylium
Ibutilide
Amiodarone
Sotalol
Knowledge Level 1, System: Cardiovascular
Dr. Harsh Sharma and Robert O'Connor BJMC, Pune, India and University College Dublin

Antiarrhythmics: classification I to IV
MBA College
In order of class I to IV:
Membrane stabilizers (class I)
Beta blockers
Action potential widening agents
Calcium channel blockers
Knowledge Level 1, System: Cardiovascular
Dr. Harsh Sharma BJMC, Pune, India

Beta blockers: B1 selective vs. B1-B2 non-selective
A through N: B1 selective: Acebutalol, Atenolol, Esmolol, Metoprolol.
O through Z: B1, B2 non-selective: Pindolol, Propanalol, Timolol.
Knowledge Level 1, System: Cardiovascular
Amir Butt Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

Beta blockers: members
"The NEPAL Prime Minister":
Timolol
Nadolol
Esmolol
Pindolol
Atenolol
Labetalol
Propranolol
Metoprolol
Knowledge Level 2, System: Cardiovascular
Javaid H. Wani Spartan University School of Medicine, St. Lucia, W.I.

Beta-blockers: main contraindications, cautions [
ABCDE:
Asthma
Block (heart block)
COPD
Diabetes mellitus
Electrolyte (hyperkalemia)
Knowledge Level 4, System: Cardiovascular
Anonymous Contributor

Beta-blockers: nonselective beta-blockers
"Tim Pinches His Nasal Problem" (because he has a runny nose...):
Timolol
Pindolol
Hismolol
Naldolol
Propranolol
Knowledge Level 2, System: Cardiovascular
Hugo M. Rodriguez, MD University of Virginia Roanoke-Salem Program

Beta-blockers: side effects [
"BBC Loses Viewers In Rochedale":
Bradycardia
Bronchoconstriction
Claudication
Lipids
Vivid dreams & nightmares
-ve Inotropic action
Reduced sensitivity to hypoglycaemia
Knowledge Level 4, System: Cardiovascular
Anonymous Contributor

Ca++ channel blockers
Cerebral vasospasm/ CHF
Angina
Migranes
Atrial flutter, fibrillation
Supraventricular tachycardia
Hypertension
Alternatively: "CHASM":
Cererbral vasospasm / CHF
Hypertension
Angina
Suprventricular tachyarrhythmia
Migranes
Knowledge Level 2, System: Cardiovascular
Robert O'Connor University College Dublin

Captopril (an ACE inhibitor): side effects
CAPTOPRIL:
Cough
Angioedema/ Agranulocystosis
Proteinuria/ Potassium excess
Taste changes
Orthostatic hypotension
Pregnancy contraindication/ Pancreatitis/ Pressure drop (first dose hypertension)
Renal failure (and renal artery stenosis contraindication)/ Rash
Indomethacin inhibition
Leukopenia/ Liver toxicity
Knowledge Level 2, System: Cardiovascular
Dr. Chetan Wasekar MBBS KEM Hospital

Optic nerve and Papilloedema

2010-09-30T23:23:00.000-07:00

Optic nerve (cranial II)

If asked to examine the function of the optic nerve, one possible scheme
is AFRO: 3
AFRO
A Acuity
F Fields
R Reflexes (light/accommodation)
O Optic disc

Note: Do the optic discs last of all – using the bright light constricts the
pupil. PERLA is an acronym for Pupils Equal and Reactive to Light and
Accommodation.
Having examined the optic disc (or ‘papilla’) you may see it is choking in
fluid (choked disc = papilloedema). You will know this from the features
CCCP.

Papilloedema

The main features of the choked disc are given by CCCP.
CCCP
C Colour change…
C Contour and…
C Cupping imply…
P Papilloedema

Thanx to Dr.Khalid,London.

Acquired Cataract - Types

2010-09-30T09:33:00.000-07:00

Types Of Acquired Cataract

Akki To Marry ACTRESS Katrina

Toxic

Osseous Diseases

Metabolic

Age (Senile )

Complicated

Traumatic

Radiation

Electric

Skin

Syndromes

Drugs causing cataract

2010-09-30T09:26:00.000-07:00

Amiodarone

Busulphan

Chlorpromazine

Dexamethasone

Features of Behcet's Disease

2010-09-30T09:21:00.001-07:00

ORAL UPSET

Occlusive periphlebitis

Retinitis

Anterior uveitis

Leakage from retinal vessels

Ulceration (aphthous/genital)

Pustules after skin trauma (Pathergy test)

Scratching leaves lines (dermatographism)

Erythema nodosum

Thrombophlebitis

Features of Keratoconus: CONES

2010-09-30T09:19:00.000-07:00

Central scarring & Fleischer ring

Oil drop reflex / Oedema (hydrops)

Nerves prominent

Excessive bulging of lower lid on downgaze (Munson’s sign)

Striae (Vogt’s)

Causes of Sudden Painless loss of vision

2010-09-30T05:31:00.000-07:00

Pint Without SODA

"Pint without"-"Without pain"

'Without' - Vitreous hemorrhag

S- Serous retinopathy

O- Occlusion (CRAO,CRVO)

D- Detachment (Retinal)

A- Amblyopia (Alcohol)