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13 Cricket Records That May Never Be Broken

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Mon, 03 Oct 2016 16:53:00 +0000

721-RUN PARTNERSHIP: Think of big partnerships in school cricket and our thoughts automatically turn to Sachin Tendulkar and Vinod Kambli’s 664 runs in the 1980s. That record was broken in 2006 when another set of thirteen-year-olds from Hyderabad added 721 runs—in just 40 overs! B Manoj Kumar (320, 127 balls, with 46 fours) and Mohamed Shaibaaz Tumbi (327, 116 balls, with 67 fours) of St. Peter's High School destroyed St. Phillip's High School ..
10 WICKETS FOR 10 RUNS: Yorkshire and England left-arm spinner Hedley Verity was a peerless bowler who took 1956 wickets in 378 First Class matches. He has taken all 10 wickets in an innings twice and holds the record for the best figures in an innings. Against Nottinghamshire in a home game in 1932, the wicket turned sticky and Verity rained hell on the visitors as they crashed for 44-0 to 67 all out. He took 10-10 in 19.4 overs, 16 of which
MURALITHARAN’S INTERNATIONAL WICKETS: The Sri Lanka off-spinner Muttiah Muralitharan has 800 Test wickets and 534 ODI wickets. To fully fathom what Muralitharan has achieved in Tests, take the current 100m sprint record and halve it. When Murali started playing Test cricket, the record was a mere 431. With his ruthless efficiency for consuming wickets, he has pushed the record to heights that may not be touched again

721-RUN PARTNERSHIP: Think of big partnerships in school cricket and our thoughts automatically turn to Sachin Tendulkar and Vinod Kambli’s 664 runs in the 1980s. That record was broken in 2006 when another set of thirteen-year-olds from Hyderabad added 721 runs—in just 40 overs! B Manoj Kumar (320, 127 balls, with 46 fours) and Mohamed Shaibaaz Tumbi (327, 116 balls, with 67 fours) of St. Peter's High School destroyed St. Phillip's High School ...more
10 WICKETS FOR 10 RUNS: Yorkshire and England left-arm spinner Hedley Verity was a peerless bowler who took 1956 wickets in 378 First Class matches. He has taken all 10 wickets in an innings twice and holds the record for the best figures in an innings. Against Nottinghamshire in a home game in 1932, the wicket turned sticky and Verity rained hell on the visitors as they crashed for 44-0 to 67 all out. He took 10-10 in 19.4 overs, 16 of which ...more
MOST WICKETS IN A MATCH: There have been plenty of 17-fors in First Class cricket, but never an 18-for. Only one bowler has once managed 19. Jim Laker took an incredible 19-90 in the Manchester Test against Australia in 1956: 9-37 in the first innings (7-8 off his last 22 balls) and 10-53 in the second innings in 51.2 overs. No bowler has come within an earshot of this incredible feat, which suggests that the record will stay with Laker for long.
TENDULKAR’S INTERNATIONAL MATCHES, RUNS AND HUNDREDS: Sachin Tendulkar has amassed a mountain of batting records. He has 15,921 Test runs with 51 hundreds in 200 matches, 18,426 ODI runs with 49 hundreds in 463 matches, and each of these numbers is unlikely to be topped

10 WICKETS FOR 10 RUNS: Yorkshire and England left-arm spinner Hedley Verity was a peerless bowler who took 1956 wickets in 378 First Class matches. He has taken all 10 wickets in an innings twice and holds the record for the best figures in an innings. Against Nottinghamshire in a home game in 1932, the wicket turned sticky and Verity rained hell on the visitors as they crashed for 44-0 to 67 all out. He took 10-10 in 19.4 overs, 16 of which ...more
MOST WICKETS IN A MATCH: There have been plenty of 17-fors in First Class cricket, but never an 18-for. Only one bowler has once managed 19. Jim Laker took an incredible 19-90 in the Manchester Test against Australia in 1956: 9-37 in the first innings (7-8 off his last 22 balls) and 10-53 in the second innings in 51.2 overs. No bowler has come within an earshot of this incredible feat, which suggests that the record will stay with Laker for lon721-RUN PARTNERSHIP: Think of big partnerships in school cricket and our thoughts automatically turn to Sachin Tendulkar and Vinod Kambli’s 664 runs in the 1980s. That record was broken in 2006 when another set of thirteen-year-olds from Hyderabad added 721 runs—in just 40 overs! B Manoj Kumar (320, 127 balls, with 46 fours) and Mohamed Shaibaaz Tumbi (327, 116 balls, with 67 fours) of St. Peter's High School destroyed St. Phillip's High School ..
more
10 WICKETS FOR 10 RUNS: Yorkshire and England left-arm spinner Hedley Verity was a peerless bowler who took 1956 wickets in 378 First Class matches. He has taken all 10 wickets in an innings twice and holds the record for the best figures in an innings. Against Nottinghamshire in a home game in 1932, the wicket turned sticky and Verity rained hell on the visitors as they crashed for 44-0 to 67 all out. He took 10-10 in 19.4 overs, 16 of which ...more
MOST WICKETS IN A MATCH: There have been plenty of 17-fors in First Class cricket, but never an 18-for. Only one bowler has once managed 19. Jim Laker took an incredible 19-90 in the Manchester Test against Australia in 1956: 9-37 in the first innings (7-8 off his last 22 balls) and 10-53 in the second innings in 51.2 overs. No bowler has come within an earshot of this incredible feat, which suggests that the record will stay with Laker for long.

List of One Day International cricket records

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Mon, 03 Oct 2016 16:28:00 +0000

West Indies' Carlos Brathwaite hit England's Ben Stokes for four successive sixes to snatch a thrilling four-wicket win in Sunday's World Twenty20 final as the Caribbean side became the first team to win the title twice.

Needing 19 off the last over sent down by Stokes, Brathwaite exhibited nerves of steel to complete the chase in stunning style and trigger wild celebrations amongst his jubilant team mates who invaded the Eden Gardens pitch.

England's death overs hero Stokes was left distraught after failing to contain Brathwaite, who had a memorable night having scored 34 with the bat after earlier claiming 3-23 with the ball to restrict England to a modest total.

Marlon Samuels remained not out on 85, playing a key role in reviving the 2012 champions' chase, but it was brilliant Brathwaite's blistering total off 10 balls that saw them home.

Put in to bat, England got off to a horrendous start before Joe Root hit a fluent 54 to help the 2010 champions post a competitive 155 for nine wickets.

Root added 61 in partnership with Jos Buttler (36), who hit left-arm spinner Sulieman Benn for back-to-back sixes before holing out in the deep.

Dwayne Bravo (3-37) struck twice in the 14th over and Root perished in the next over, trying to scoop a Brathwaite (3-23) delivery.

West Indies wobbled early in their chase after part-time spinner Root dismissed Johnson Charles and the dangerous Chris Gayle in his the first three balls to peg them back.

Samuels added 75 runs with Dwayne Bravo (25) to steady the ship before Brathwaite provided the remarkable late fireworks to secure an emotional victory.

Listing criteria

In general the top five are listed in each category (except when there is a tie for the last place among the five, when all the tied record holders are noted).

Listing notation

Team notation

(300–3) indicates that a team scored 300 runs for three wickets and the innings was closed, either due to a successful run chase or if no overs remained (or are able) to be bowled.
(300) indicates that a team scored 300 runs and was all out, either by losing all ten wickets or by having one or morebatsmen unable to bat and losing the remaining wickets.

Batting notation

(100*) indicates that a batsman scored 100 runs and was not out.
(175) indicates that a batsman scored 175 runs and was out after that.

Bowling notation

(5–40) indicates that a bowler has captured 5 wickets while giving away 40 runs.
(49.5 overs) indicates that a team bowled 49 complete overs (each of six legal deliveries), and one incomplete over of just five deliveries.

Currently playing

Record holders who are currently playing ODIs (i.e. their record details listed could change) are shown by ‡.

Seasons

Cricket is played during the summer months in most countries. Domestic cricket seasons in Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Zimbabwe and the West Indies may therefore span two calendar years, and are by convention said to be played in (e.g.) "2008–09". A cricket season in England is described as a single year. e.g. "2009". An international ODI series or tournament may be for a much shorter duration, and Cricinfo treats this issue by stating "any series or matches which began between May and September of any given year will appear in the relevant single year season and any that began between October and April will appear in the relevant cross-year season".^[8] In the record tables, a two-year span generally indicates that the record was set within a domestic season in one of the above named countries.

Team records

Team wins, losses, ties, and no results

Team	First ODI	Matches	Won	Lost	Tied	No result	Win
Afghanistan	19 April 2009	67	34	32	0	1	51.51
Africa XI	17 August 2005	6	1	4	0	1	20.00
Asia XI	10 January 2005	7	4	2	0	1	66.66
Australia	5 January 1971	882	546	295	9	32	64.76
Bangladesh	31 March 1986	312	98	210	0	4	31.81
Bermuda	17 May 2006	35	7	28	0	0	20.00
Canada	9 June 1979	77	17	58	0	2	22.66
East Africa	7 June 1975	3	0	3	0	0	0.00
England	5 January 1971	674	326	317	8	23	50.69
Hong Kong	16 July 2004	13	3	9	0	1	25.00
ICC World XI	10 January 2005	4	1	3	0	0	25.00
India	13 July 1974	899	454	399	7	39	53.19
Ireland	13 June 2006	108	47	52	3	6	47.54
Kenya	18 February 1996	154	42	107	0	5	28.18
Namibia	10 February 2003	6	0	6	0	0	0.00
Netherlands	17 February 1996	76	28	44	1	3	39.04
New Zealand	11 February 1973	703	311	348	6	38	47.21
Pakistan	11 February 1973	863	454	383	8	18	54.20
Papua New Guinea	8 November 2014	2	2	0	0	0	100.00
Scotland	16 May 1999	87	29	52	0	6	35.80
South Africa	10 November 1991	558	342	194	6	16	63.65
Sri Lanka	7 June 1975	777	365	373	5	34	49.46
United Arab Emirates	13 April 1994	28	5	23	0	0	17.85
United States of America	10 September 2004	2	0	2	0	0	0.00
West Indies	5 September 1973	741	376	333	8	24	52.99
Zimbabwe	9 June 1983	474	122	337	5	10	26.83
The win percentage excludes no results; a tie counts as half a win

Result records

Greatest win margin (by runs)

Margin	Teams	Venue	Date	Scorecard
290 runs	New Zealand (402–2) beat Ireland(112)	Mannofield Park, Aberdeen	1 July 2008	Scorecard
275 runs	Australia (417–6) beat Afghanistan(142)	WACA, Perth	4 March 2015	Scorecard
272 runs	South Africa (399–6) beat Zimbabwe (127)	Willowmoore Park, Benoni	22 October 2010	Scorecard
258 runs	South Africa (301–8) beat Sri Lanka (43)	Boland Park, Paarl	11 January 2012	Scorecard
257 runs	India (413–5) beat Bermuda (156)	Queen's Park Oval, Port of Spain,Trinidad	19 March 2007	Scorecard
257 runs	South Africa (408–5) beat West Indies (151)	SCG, Sydney	27 February 2015	Scorecard

Greatest win margin (by balls remaining)

Margin	Teams	Venue	Date	Scorecard
277 balls†	England (46–2) beat Canada (45)	Old Trafford, Manchester	13 June 1979	Scorecard
274 balls	Sri Lanka (40–1) beat Zimbabwe (38)	SSC, Colombo	8 December 2001	Scorecard
272 balls	Sri Lanka (37–1) beat Canada (36)	Boland Park, Paarl	19 February 2003	Scorecard
264 balls	New Zealand (95–0) beat Bangladesh(93)	Queenstown, New Zealand	31 December 2007	Scorecard
253 balls	Australia (66–1) beat United States(65
†This match was played with 60 overs per innings

Most consecutive wins

Wins	Team	First win	Last win
21	Australia	England at Hobart, 11 January 2003	West Indies at Port of Spain, 24 May 2003
12	South Africa^[a]	England at Centurion, 13 February 2005	New Zealand at Port Elizabeth, 30 October 2005
12	Pakistan	India at Jaipur, 18 November 2007	Bangladesh at Dhaka, 8 June 2008
11	West Indies	England at Lord's, 4 June 1984	Sri Lanka at Perth, 2 February 1985
11	Australia^[b]	Scotland at Basseterre, 14 March 2007	Sri Lanka at Bridgetown, 28 April 2007
No Results are treated the same as losses and ties in the above table.
Notes: ^[a] This sequence began after a no-result, and was ended by a no-result. The first win was over England in the 7th and final ODI (ODI 2226) of a seven-game series. The 6th ODI (ODI 2225) was a no result, before which South Africa had won the 3rd (ODI 2221), 4th (ODI 2223), and 5th (ODI 2224) ODIs. Ignoring this no result, the sequence lasted 15 matches.^[13] The last win came against New Zealand in the 3rd ODI (ODI 2289) of a five-game series. The 4th ODI (ODI 2292) was a no result and South Africa won the 5th ODI (ODI 2293) as well as the 1st ODI (ODI 2297) against India in their next series before losing to India in the 2nd ODI (ODI 2298). Ignoring this no result as well, South Africa's winning streak is further extended to 17 matches.^[14] ^[b] This sequence was ended by a no-result. The last win was the 2007 Cricket World Cup Final (ODI 2581). Australia's next ODI (ODI 2621) was the first game of a seven-game series against India; there was no result. Australia won the next two ODIs of the series (ODI 2623 and 2625) before losing the 4th ODI (ODI 2627). If this no result is ignored, the second and third ODIs would be included in Australia's winning streak, extending it to 13 matches.^[15]

Most consecutive defeats

Defeats	Team	First defeat	Last defeat
23	Bangladesh^[a]	West Indies at Dhaka, 8 October 1999	South Africa at Kimberley, 9 October 2002
22	Bangladesh	Pakistan at Moratuwa, 31 March 1986	India at Mohali, 14 May 1998
18	Zimbabwe	India at Leicester, 11 June 1983	Australia at Hobart, 14 March 1992
18	Bangladesh^[a]	South Africa at Bloemfontein, 22 September 2003	England at Dhaka, 12 November 2003
17	Zimbabwe	Sri Lanka at Bulawayo, 20 April 2004	England at Bulawayo, 5 December 2004
No results are treated the same as wins and ties in the above table.
Notes: ^[a] The 23-game sequence was ended by a no result (ODI 1904). Another four defeats followed, then another no result (ODI 1956), and then Bangladesh's 18 game losing sequence. Ignoring these no results, Bangladesh's 23 game losing sequence and 18 game losing sequence combine with the intervening four defeats into a single losing streak of 45 matches.^[17]

Team scoring records

Highest innings totals

See also: List of 400+ innings scores in ODIs

Score	Team	Opponent	Venue	Date	Scorecard
444–3 (50 overs)	England	Pakistan	Nottingham	30 August 2016	Scorecard
443–9 (50 overs)	Sri Lanka	Netherlands	Amstelveen	4 July 2006	Scorecard
439–2 (50 overs)	South Africa	West Indies	Johannesburg	18 January 2015	Scorecard
438–9 (49.5 overs)†	South Africa	Australia	Johannesburg	12 March 2006	Scorecard
438–4 (50 overs)	South Africa	India	Mumbai	25 October 2015	Scorecard
†See the match report for more details about this match, in which several records were set.

Highest match aggregate

Score	Teams	Venue	Date	Scorecard
872–13 (99.5 overs)†	Australia (434–4) v South Africa (438–9)	Johannesburg	12 March 2006	Scorecard
825–15 (100 overs)	India (414–7) v Sri Lanka (411–8)	Rajkot	15 December 2009	Scorecard
763–14 (96.0 overs)	New Zealand (398–5) v England (365–9)	London	12 June 2015	Scorecard
730–9 (100.0 overs)	South Africa (439-2) v West Indies (291-7)	Johannesburg	18 January 2015	Scorecard
726–14 (95.5 overs)	India (392–4) v New Zealand (334)	Christchurch	8 March 2009	Scorecard
†See the match report for more details about this match, in which several records were set.

Highest runs in successful chasing

Score	Team	Opposition	Venue	Date	Scorecard
438–9 (49.5 overs)†	South Africa	Australia	Johannesburg	12 March 2006	Scorecard
362–1 (43.3 overs)	India	Australia	Jaipur	15 December 2009	Scorecard
351–4 (49.3 overs)	India	Australia	Nagpur	12 June 2015	Scorecard
350–9 (49.3 overs)	New Zealand	Australia	Hamilton	16 October 2013	Scorecard
350–3 (44.0 overs)	England	New Zealand	Nottingham	30 October 2013	Scorecard
†See the match report for more details.

Lowest innings totals

Score	Team	Opponent	Venue	Date	Scorecard
35 (18 overs)	Zimbabwe	Sri Lanka	Harare	25 April 2004	Scorecard
36 (18.4 overs)	Canada	Sri Lanka	Paarl	19 Feb 2003	Scorecard
38 (15.5 overs)	Zimbabwe	Sri Lanka	Colombo	8 Dec 2001	Scorecard
43 (19.5 overs)	Pakistan	West Indies	Cape Town	25 Feb 1993	Scorecard
43 (20.1 overs)	Sri Lanka	South Africa	Paarl	11 Jan 2012	Scorecard

Individual records

Individual records (batting)

Most career runs

Runs	Innings	Player	Period
18,426	452	Sachin Tendulkar	1989–2012
14,234	404	Kumar Sangakkara	2000–2015
13,704	365	Ricky Ponting	1995–2012
13,430	433	Sanath Jayasuriya	1989–2011
12,650	418	Mahela Jayawardene	1998–2015

**Most career runs – progression of record**
Runs	Player	Record held until	Duration of record
82	John Edrich	24 August 1972	1 year, 232 days
113	Greg Chappell	26 August 1972	2 days
144	Ian Chappell	28 August 1972	2 days
302	Dennis Amiss	31 March 1974	1 year, 215 days
316	Ian Chappell	13 July 1974	104 days
322	Dennis Amiss	15 July 1974	2 days
400	Keith Fletcher	5 June 1975	325 days
509	Dennis Amiss	11 June 1975	6 days
599	Keith Fletcher	14 June 1975	3 days
859	Dennis Amiss^[a]	21 December 1979	4 years, 190 days
867	Greg Chappell	23 December 1979	2 days
883	Viv Richards	26 December 1979	3 days
953	Greg Chappell	16 January 1980	21 days
1,059	Viv Richards	28 May 1980	133 days
1,133	Gordon Greenidge	25 November 1980	181 days
1,154	Greg Chappell	5 December 1980	11 days
1,211	Viv Richards	7 December 1980	2 days
2,331	Greg Chappell^[b]	7 December 1983	3 years
6,501	Viv Richards	9 November 1990	6 years, 337 days
8,648	Desmond Haynes^[c]	8 November 1996	5 years, 365 days
9,378	Mohammad Azharuddin^[d]	15 October 2000	3 years, 342 days
18,426	Sachin Tendulkar^[e]	Current	15 years, 354 days
Notes: ^[a] Dennis Amiss finished his career with 859 runs ^[b] Greg Chappell finished his career with 2,331 runs ^[c] Desmond Haynes finished his career with 8,648 runs ^[d] Mohammad Azharuddin finished his career with 9,378 runs ^[e] Sachin Tendulkar finished his career with 18,426 runs

Highest individual scores

See also: List of highest individual scores in ODIs

Runs	Player	Match	Venue	sDate	Scorecard
264	Rohit Sharma	India v Sri Lanka	Kolkata	13 November 2014	Scorecard
237*	Martin Guptill	New Zealand v West Indies	Wellington	21 March 2015	Scorecard
219	Virender Sehwag	India v West Indies	Indore	8 December 2011	Scorecard
215	Chris Gayle	West Indies v Zimbabwe	Canberra	24 February 2015	Scorecard
209	Rohit Sharma	India v Australia	Bangalore	2 November 2013	Scorecard

Highest individual score in chronological order

Date	Runs	Player	Match Scorecard	Notes
5 January 1971	82	John Edrich	Scorecard	First ever ODI fifty Ended up in losing side
24 August 1972	103	Dennis Amiss	Scorecard	First ever ODI Century Achieved while chasing target
7 September 1973	105	Roy Fredericks	Scorecard	Achieved while chasing target
31 August 1974	116*	David Lloyd	Scorecard	Lost the match
7 June 1975	137	Dennis Amiss	Scorecard	World Cup Only player to reclaim the record
7 June 1975	171*	Glenn Turner	Scorecard	World Cup First ever ODI 150 Faced maximum number of balls (209)
18 June 1983	175*	Kapil Dev	Scorecard	World Cup Fastest century as on date (18 June 1983)
31 May 1984	189*	Viv Richards	Scorecard	Century stand for the last wicket
21 May 1997	194	Saeed Anwar	Scorecard
16 August 2009	194*	Charles Coventry	Scorecard	Equaled the record but was not out. Lost the match
24 February 2010	200*	Sachin Tendulkar	Scorecard	First ever ODI double century in men's cricket
8 December 2011	219	Virendar Sehwag	Scorecard
13 November 2014	264	Rohit Sharma	Scorecard	Current Record Holder First ever ODI 250 First man to achieve two double hundreds in ODI Cricket history

Highest career average

Average	Innings	Runs	Player	Period
53.95	196	8740	AB de Villiers‡	2005–present
53.58	196	6912	Michael Bevan	1994–2004
52.26	133	6204	Hashim Amla‡	2008–present
51.51	163	7212	Virat Kohli‡	2008–present
51.25	241	8918	Mahendra Singh Dhoni‡	2005–present
Qualification: 5,000 runs

Highest strike rates

Strike rate	Runs	Balls faced	Player	Period
125.82	1759	1398	Glenn Maxwell‡	2012–present
120.32	2072	1722	Jos Buttler‡	2012–present
117.00	8064	6892	Shahid Afridi	1996-2015
108.77	1178	1083	Thisara Perera‡	2009–present
104.33	8273	7929	Virender Sehwag	1999-2013
Qualification: 1000 balls faced

Most centuries

Centuries	Innings	Player	Period
49	452	Sachin Tendulkar	1989–2012
30	365	Ricky Ponting	1995–2012
28	433	Sanath Jayasuriya	1989–2011
25	170	Virat Kohli‡	2008–present
25	380	Kumar Sangakkara	2000–2015

Most fifties

Fifties	Innings	Player	Period
96	452	Sachin Tendulkar	1989–2012
93	380	Kumar Sangakkara	2000–2015
86	314	Jacques Kallis	1996–2014
83	318	Rahul Dravid	1996–2011
83	350	Inzamam-ul-Haq	1991–2007

History Of The Indian Cricket Team

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 02 Oct 2016 11:57:00 +0000

Pre-independence

A few Indians played as members of the English cricket team while India was under British rule, including Ranjitsinhji and KS Duleepsinhji, but India made its debut as a Test-cricket-playing-nation in England in 1932 led by CK Nayudu, well before Indian independence. The team performed well, withMohammad Nissar taking 5-93 and 1-42 in the match against England. The match was given test status despite being only 3 days in length. England, batting first, scored 258 with Nissar cleaning up the openers and tailenders. However the Indian team failed to capitalize on their bowling performance, all out for 189 with CK Nayudu the top scorer with 40 runs. England went on to score 275 and set India a target of 346, which always seemed out of the visitor's grasp. India were all out for 187 and lost by 158 runs.

The team's first series as an independent country was in 1948 against Australia at Brisbane. Australia were led by Sir Don Bradman while India was led by Lala Amarnath. Australia cruised home, winning the 5 Test series 4-0.

Post Independence

India's first ever Test victory came against England at Madras in 1952. India's first series victory was against Pakistan later the same year. In 1954, India drew a 5-Test series with Pakistan 0-0, the batting strength from India had come from Polly Umrigar and Vijay Manjrekar while the prime bowler wasSubhash Gupte with 21 wickets in the series. India's first series against New Zealand in 1956 created a comprehensive series victory for India, winning the 5-Test series 2-0. MH Mankad was excellent in his batting, averaging 105.2 in the series while scoring 526 runs. Once again, S.M. Gupte held India's bowling together, with 34 wickets. The remainder of the 1950s did not show as good results as the start: India lost a 3-Test series to Australia (2-0), lost a 5-Test series against the West Indies (3-0), took a 5-0 thrashing at the hands of England, and lost a second series against a strong Australian side (2-1).

The team's performances again began to improve in the 1960s, starting with their first series win over England in 1961-62. During this time, India's strong record at home started to develop, in which the team won a series against New Zealand in 1965-66 and drew series against Pakistan, Australia and England. In 1967-68, India won their first series outside the subcontinent against New Zealand.

Sunil Gavaskar made his debut for India in the West Indies in 1970-71 and immediately made an impact, scoring a total of 774 runs for the series and helping India to a 1-0 series win, their first ever win over the West Indies. Together with established players like Bishen Bedi, Srinivas Venkataraghavan, Erapalli Prasanna and Bhagwat Chandrasekhar, Gavaskar formed the nucleus of arguably India's strongest Test team up to that point in time. India's win over the West Indies was followed by home and away wins over England in 1971 and 1972-73.

During the 1980s, other players like Mohammed Azharuddin, Ravi Shastri, Laxman Sivaramakrishnan, Sanjay Manjrekar, Krish Srikkanth and Maninder Singh emerged. India won the Cricket World Cup in 1983, defeating West Indies in an exciting final. In 1985, India won the World Championship of Cricket in Australia. The Test series victory in 1986 in England remained, for nearly 19 years, the last Test series win outside subcontinent. Then came the emergence of Mohinder Amarnath and "Mr. Dependable" Dilip Vengsarkar who was the undisputed No. 1 batsman in 1986-87. Sunil Gavaskar became the first batsman to accumulate 10,000 runs in Test cricket, and went on to register a record 34 centuries, surpassed only recently by Sachin Tendulkar. Kapil Dev, a genuine all-rounder, became the highest wicket taker in Test cricket, surpassing Richard Hadleeto take a total of 434 wickets, a record which has since been broken by Courtney Walsh, Shane Warne and Muttiah Muralitharan and has also been surpassed by fellow IndianAnil Kumble.

The emergence of Sachin Tendulkar and Anil Kumble in 1989 and 1990 was to herald an era of Indian cricket that was dominated by stars and individual brilliance. Sachin Tendulkar became arguably the best batsman in the world, along with Brian Lara of the West Indiesand in 1998, Sir Donald Bradman himself remarked that Tendulkar batting style was similar to his. Mohammed Azharuddin, who captained India for most of the 1990s, proved a captain whose main strength, if not his motivational skills, was an ability to stay cool under pressure. Azharuddin's artistic batting however declined during the later years of his captaincy, and his best innings during this time were mostly when playing at home. The Hyderabadi stylist's career ended after 99 Tests when he was banned for life after being implicated in the match-fixing scandal. Under his captaincy, the Indian team became virtually unbeatable at home, with big wins against teams such as England, Sri Lanka, South Africa and Australia. Their performances abroad, however, left a lot to be desired.

Towards the end of 1999, the Indian team was in flux. Although they had performed well in the 1999 World Cup, the winter was marked by a disastrous tour to Australia which exposed the Indian team's weaknesses when playing abroad, marked with a loss of form of most of the batsmen, except Tendulkar and the newly emerged VVS Laxman. After Tendulkar quit captaincy and Azharuddin was banned for match-fixing, Saurav Ganguly took over as captain, and the New Zealander John Wright became coach.

Ganguly's captaincy heralded a new era in Indian cricket. It began in the famous series against Australia in 2001, when Steve Waugh's strong team was defeated 2-1 in a Test series after having taken a 1-0 lead at Mumbai. The series is best known for a remarkable turnaround by the Indian team in the Kolkata Test, when VVS Laxman, Rahul Dravid and Harbhajan Singh's performance took India to victory after they had followed on. This series marked a turning point in the Indian team's fortunes, and provided the team with the boost they dearly needed. This was followed by stellar performances by the team when playing abroad, with Test victories coming in Zimbabwe, Sri Lanka, West Indies, England, Australia, and a famous series victory against arch-rivals Pakistan in 2004. The series in England in 2002 is billed as Rahul Dravid's series, as he became the top scorer for the Indians, with centuries coming at Trent Bridge in Nottingham, Headingley in Leeds and a famous 217 at the Oval in London. This was followed by a sensational win in Australia at Adelaide in 2003, where Dravid, VVS Laxman and Ajit Agarkar scripted a come-from-behind victory after the team had conceded 556 runs in the first innings. The series win in Pakistan that followed was marked byVirender Sehwag becoming the first Indian to score a triple century in Test cricket. Along with Sehwag, players like Yuvraj Singh and Mohammed Kaif emerged, making the Indian batting order one of the strongest in the world in both forms of the game*. Their performances helped reduced India's dependence on their top guns in one-day cricket, and a 7-batsman policy contributed to India's successes in the limited-overs game, culminating in their reaching the final of the 2003 Cricket World Cup. In the bowling department, India unearthed a plethora of fast-bowling talent, with Zaheer Khan, Ashish Nehra, and later Irfan Pathan and L Balaji leading the pack. The veteran Anil Kumble became the highest wicket-taker for India after surpassing Kapil Dev, and also passed the 500-mark in March 2006. His bowling performances abroad improved considerably, and he played a major part in India's overseas performances in England, Australia and Pakistan. Harbhajan Singh also provided him great company in the spin department, and at home the two bowling in tandem became a familiar sight.

Rahul Dravid, Sachin Tendulkar and Virender Sehwag were selected to play for the ICC World XI in the 2005 "SuperTest" against Australia.

In 2005, Indian cricket was again shrouded in controversy. After a somewhat slow season marked by a dip in team performance following the famous Pakistan series ended, the coaching job passed from John Wright to the Australian Greg Chappell. Saurav Ganguly, whose batting form had taken a beating in that year, was involved in a spat with Chappell over whether he should be continuing as captain to reduce pressure on him. This was followed by Ganguly being dropped from the team and Rahul Dravid taking over as captain. While Tendulkar, Sehwag and Dravid formed the mainstay of the Indian batting, the coming of age of players like Yuvraj Singh and Mohammad Kaif led to the emergence of younger stars like Suresh Raina and MS Dhoni. India, however have always struggled in the pace department with the only prominent pace bowler ever coming was Zaheer Khan

Dravid's captaincy was cut short in the ill-fated 2007 World Cup, where India were out of the league stage following an embarrassing loss to Bangladesh. This was followed by Mahendra Singh Dhoni taking over the reins. Under MS Dhoni, India won the inaugural T20 World cup. It also began an era of India's dominance in world cricket in both tests and ODIs, culminating in a victory in the 2011 Cricket World Cup and a 4-0 whitewash of Australia in a home test series.^[2] It also saw Indian batsmen scoring the only 200s ever, first Sachin Tendulkar and then Rohit Sharma on two occasions. Dhoni has been widely acknowledged as the most successful Indian captain ever. However, following a drubbing in a test series down under in late 2014, he retired from tests.

International Tournaments

Since advancing to full Test Status and the creation of more and more international cricket tournaments, India has slowly become involved in a number of Cricketing tournament's including the Cricket World Cup, ICC Champions Trophy and Asia Cup. India's first two Cricket World Cups were largely failures, and the team failed to progress beyond the first round. But India upset the West Indies in the final of the 1983 Cricket World Cup to claim the Prudential Cricket World Cup for the first time, captained by Kapil Dev. India and the West Indies had cruised through the preliminary rounds in Group B, while England and Pakistan emerged the victors from Group A. Most considered India to be the underdogs in the group stages, and their win against West Indies was categorized as similar to Zimbabwe's win over Australia in the same World Cup. They were, in fact, quoted as having odds of 66 to 1 before the beginning of the tournament.

India's performance in the remaining world cups has been considerably consistent. In the 1987 Cricket World Cup, the team advanced to the semi-finals as favourites, they did the same in 1996, both times they suffered upset defeats in the semi-finals. India was less strong in the 1999 Cricket World Cup, and did not make it past the Super Six section. However they impressed all in the 2003 Cup, only losing two games (both against reigning champions Australia) and advancing to the finals before taking a loss.

In the year after their World Cup victory, (1984) India continued its new-found dominance over One Day Cricket with a comprehensive win over arch-rivals Pakistan in the final. They went on to secure more victories over their Asian rivals, winning the 1984 Asia Cup with a victory over Sri Lanka in the finals. It won its third consecutive Asia Cup with a victory over Sri Lanka in 1990. It continued its strong streak in 1995, again beating Sri Lanka in the final. However, in 1997, a confident Sri Lanka riding on their first-ever World Cup victory swept past a weaker Indian side, breaking the 4-tournament winning streak. India's performance dipped lower from there, with India not advancing to the finals in 2000 and coming runners-up against Sri Lanka in

Recent history

India's traditional strengths have always been its line-up of spin bowlers and batsmen.^[3] Currently, it has a very strong batting lineup with Rahul Dravid, Sachin Tendulkar andVirender Sehwag all being selected to play for the ICC World XI in the 2005 "SuperTest" against Australia. In previous times, India was unique in that it was the only country to regularly field three spinners in one team, whereas one is the norm, and of the fifteen players to have taken more than 100 wickets, only four were pace bowlers from the last 20 years.^[4] However, in recent years, Indian pace bowling has improved, with the emerging talents of Irfan Pathan, Munaf Patel and Sreesanth and many more playing in the national team.

Historically, the Indian team has not performed as well overseas as it has in India. Since the year 2000, the Indian team underwent major improvements under the guidance of coach John Wright and captain Saurav Ganguly. The team drew a Test series with Australia inAustralia, which is usually considered a tough tour. It was followed by a historic Test and ODI series win against arch-rivals Pakistan while playing in Pakistan.

India has had a very good record against Australia and, before the 2004/05 tour, never being defeated by Australia in a Test Series in India since 1969. This was the reason for Australian captain Steve Waugh labelling India as the "Final Frontier".^[5] The famous 2001 Australian tour of India saw Harbhajan Singh become the first Indian to take a Test hat-trick and started a good run for the team, as India beat Australia 2-1. India also came runners up to Australia in the final of the 2003 Cricket World Cup.

Since 2004, India had not been doing as well in One-day Internationals. The players who took India to great heights over the past ten years such as Sachin Tendulkar, Sourav Ganguly and Anil Kumble grew older and did not maintain their form and fitness. Following the series loss to Australia, India collapsed on the final day in the Third Test in Bangalore in early 2005 against Pakistan to squander a series victory, and then lost four consecutive ODIs against Pakistan. This was exacerbated by the suspension handed to captain Ganguly for slow over-rates. Greg Chappell took over from John Wright as the new coach of the Indian cricket team following the series, and replaced Kumble and V. V. S. Laxman from the ODI team with younger players. India's unconvincing ODI form continued, scraping past a West Indian team depleted by industrial action in the 2005 Indian Oil Cup and a similarly depleted Zimbabwean team only to be defeated twice in the finals by New Zealand, continuing a poor ODI finals record.

The tension resulted in a fallout between Chappell and Ganguly lead to a confidential email sent by Chappell to the BCCI being leaked, in which he condemned the leadership and performance of Ganguly. After a series of high-profile board meetings and public jousting including some players, Rahul Dravid was installed as the captain, triggering a revival in the team's fortunes. The Indians subsequently defeated Sri Lanka 6-1 in a home series. An important part about this series was the discovery of the young talent of the team, including Mahendra Singh Dhoni, Suresh Raina, Gautam Gambhir and Irfan Pathan. The team also beat the Sri Lankans in the Test series 2-0 to displace England from its position in second place in the ICC Test rankings, but India slipped back by losing the high-profile^[6] series to Pakistan. Indian team continued its good form in ODIs, beatingPakistan 4-1 in Pakistan. India achieved the world-record of winning 17 successive matches chasing the total. India convincingly won England's tour of India winning the series 5-1. After leveling the DLF Cup series 1-1 in Abu Dhabi, India travelled to West Indies where they lost the ODI series 1-4 to a weak West Indies team which was ranked 8th in the ICC ODI Ranking. The series loss again questioned the Indian team's ability to play away from the Sub-continent and the chances of the Indian team to win the 2007 Cricket World Cup.^[7] The Indian team later clinched the Test series against West Indies 1-0, the first Indian series win in the Caribbean since1989.For the statistics of Indian cricket team after 2011 world cup, watch Indian cricket from 2011. Recently Australian Cricket Team beaten Indian Cricket Team in Border-Gavaskar Series with 4-0.

History Of Cricket in India to 1918

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 02 Oct 2016 10:40:00 +0000

History of cricket in India to 1918

Beginnings

The entire history of cricket in India and the sub-continent as a whole is based on the existence and development of the British Raj via the East India Company.

On 31 December 1600, Queen Elizabeth I granted a Royal Charter to the East India Company, often colloquially referred to as "John Company". It was initially a joint-stock company that sought trading privileges in India and the East Indies, but the Royal Charter effectively gave it a 21-year monopoly on all trade in the region. In time, the East India Company transformed from a commercial trading venture to one which virtually ruled India as it acquired auxiliary governmental and military functions, until its dissolution in 1858 following the Indian Mutiny. The East India Company was the means by which cricket was introduced into India.

In 1639, the Company effectively founded the city of Madras, and in 1661 acquired Portuguese territory on the west coast of India that included Bombay. In 1690, an Anglo-Mughal treaty allowed English merchants to establish a trading settlement on the Hooghly River, which became Calcutta. All of these places became major cricket centres as the popularity of the game grew among the native population.

Early developments

The first definite reference to cricket being played anywhere in the sub-continent is a report of English sailors of the East India Company written in 1737. It refers to cricket being played at Cambay, near Baroda in 1721. The Calcutta Cricket and Football Club was known to be in existence by 1792, but was possibly founded more than a decade earlier. In 1799, another club was formed at Seringapatam in south India after the successful British siege and the defeat of Tipu Sultan.

Beginning of first-class cricket

In 1864, a Madras v. Calcutta match was arguably the start of first-class cricket in India.

The most important fixture in the 19th century was the Bombay Presidency Match which evolved, first, into the Bombay Triangular and then into the Bombay Quadrangular. The match was first played in 1877 and then intermittently for several seasons until finally being given first-class status in 1892-93.

An English team led by George Vernon in 1889–90 was the first foreign team to tour India but none of the matches that it played are considered first-class.

First-class cricket definitely began in the 1892–93 season with two Europeans v Parsees matches, at Bombay (match drawn) and Poona (Parsees won by 3 wickets). In the same season, Lord Hawke captained an English team that played four first-class matches including a game against "All India" on 26–28 January 1893.

Domestic cricket

Bombay Presidency winners

1892-93 – Parsees
1893-94 – Europeans
1894-95 – Europeans shared with Parsees
1895-96 – Europeans shared with Parsees
1896-97 – Europeans
1897-98 – Parsees
1898-99 – Europeans
1899-00 – Europeans shared with Parsees
1900-01 – Parsees
1901-02 – Europeans shared with Parsees
1902-03 – Europeans shared with Parsees
1903-04 – Parsees
1904-05 – Parsees
1905-06 – Hindus shared with Parsees
1906-07 – Hindus

Bombay Triangular winners

1907-08 – Parsees
1908-09 – Europeans
1909-10 – Europeans shared with Parsees
1910-11 – Europeans shared with Hindus
1911-12 – Parsees

Bombay Quadrangular winners

1912-13 – Parsees
1913-14 – Hindus shared with Muslims
1914-15 – Hindus shared with Parsees
1915-16 – Europeans
1916-17 – Europeans shared with Parsees

1917-18 – Hindus shared with Parsees

Leading players by season

The lists below give the leading first-class runscorers and wicket-takers in each domestic season.

Batsmen
1892-93 – Ledger Hill (Lord Hawke's XI) – 212 runs @ 35.33 (HS 132); the leading Indian batsman was Nasarvanji Bapasola with 155 @ 38.75 (HS 65)
1893-94 –
Bowlers
1892-93 – John Hornsby (Lord Hawke's XI) – 28 wickets @ 10.67 (BB 8–40); the leading Indian bowler was Dinshaw Writer with 19 @ 4.94 (BB 8–35)

1893-94 –

International cricket

The first Indian ventures into international cricket were by the Parsees cricket team which toured England twice in the 1880s. See: Parsee cricket team in England in 1886 andParsee cricket team in England in 1888.

International tours of India

G. F. Vernon's XI 1889–90

An English cricket team led by G F Vernon toured Ceylon and India in the winter of 1889-90. The team played no first-class matches but it was a pioneering tour being the first visit by an English team to India and the second to Ceylon. In all, the team played 13 matches of which 10 were won, 1 was lost and 2 drawn.

Lord Hawke's XI 1892–93

Further information: Lord Hawke's XI cricket team in Ceylon and India in 1892–93

Icc Cricket World Cup

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 28 Sep 2016 09:44:00 +0000

Icc Cricket World Cup

The ICC Cricket World Cup is the international championship of One Day International (ODI) cricket. The event is organised by the sport's governing body, the International Cricket Council (ICC), every four years, with preliminary qualification rounds leading up to a finals tournament. The tournament is one of the world's most viewed sporting events and is considered the "flagship event of the international cricket calendar" by the ICC.[1]

The first World Cup was organised in England in June 1975, with the first ODI cricket match having been played only four years earlier. However, a separate Women's Cricket World Cup had been held two years before the first men's tournament, and a tournament involving multiple international teams had been held as early as 1912, when a triangular tournament of Test matches was played between Australia, England and South Africa. The first three World Cups were held in England. From the 1987 tournament onwards, hosting has been shared between countries under an unofficial rotation system, with fourteen ICC members having hosted at least one match in the tournament.

The finals of the World Cup are contested by the ten full members of the ICC (all of which are Test-playing teams) and a number of teams made up from associate and affiliate members of the ICC, selected via the World Cricket League and a later qualifying tournament. A total of twenty teams have competed in the eleven editions of the tournament, with fourteen competing in the 2015 tournament. Australia has won the tournament five times, with the West Indies, India (twice each), Pakistan and Sri Lanka (once each) also having won the tournament. The best performance by a non-full-member team came when Kenya made the semi-finals of the 2003 tournament.

Before the first Cricket World Cup[edit]

The first international cricket match was played between Canada and the United States, on 24 and 25 September 1844.[2] However, the first credited Test match was played in 1877 between Australia and England, and the two teams competed regularly for The Ashes in subsequent years. South Africa was admitted to Test status in 1889.[3] Representative cricket teams were selected to tour each other, resulting in bilateral competition. Cricket was also included as an Olympic sport at the 1900 Paris Games, where Great Britain defeated France to win the gold medal.[4] This was the only appearance of cricket at the Summer Olympics.

The first multilateral competition at international level was the 1912 Triangular Tournament, a Test cricket tournament played in England between all three Test-playing nations at the time: England, Australia and South Africa. The event was not a success: the summer was exceptionally wet, making play difficult on damp uncovered pitches, and attendances were poor, attributed to a "surfeit of cricket".[5] Since then, international Test cricket has generally been organised as bilateral series: a multilateral Test tournament was not organised again until the triangular Asian Test Championship in 1999.[6]

The number of nations playing Test cricket increased gradually over time, with the addition of West Indies in 1928, New Zealand in 1930, India in 1932, and Pakistan in 1952. However, international cricket continued to be played as bilateral Test matches over three, four or five days.

In the early 1960s, English county cricket teams began playing a shortened version of cricket which only lasted for one day. Starting in 1962 with a four-team knockout competition known as the Midlands Knock-Out Cup,[7] and continuing with the inaugural Gillette Cup in 1963, one-day cricket grew in popularity in England. A national Sunday League was formed in 1969. The first One-Day International match was played on the fifth day of a rain-aborted Test match between England and Australia at Melbourne in 1971, to fill the time available and as compensation for the frustrated crowd. It was a forty over game with eight balls per over.[8]

In the late 1970s, Kerry Packer established the rival World Series Cricket (WSC) competition. It introduced many of the now commonplace features of One Day International cricket, including coloured uniforms, matches played at night under floodlights with a white ball and dark sight screens, and, for television broadcasts, multiple camera angles, effects microphones to capture sounds from the players on the pitch, and on-screen graphics. The first of the matches with coloured uniforms was the WSC Australians in wattle gold versus WSC West Indians in coral pink, played at VFL Park in Melbourne on 17 January 1979. The success and popularity of the domestic one-day competitions in England and other parts of the world, as well as the early One-Day Internationals, prompted the ICC to consider organising a Cricket World Cup.[9]

Prudential World Cups (1975–1983)

The inaugural Cricket World Cup was hosted in 1975 by England, the only nation able to put forward the resources to stage an event of such magnitude at the time. The 1975 tournament started on 7 June.[10] The first three events were held in England and officially known as the Prudential Cup after the sponsors Prudential plc. The matches consisted of 60 six-ball overs per team, played during the daytime in traditional form, with the players wearing cricket whites and using red cricket balls.[11]

Eight teams participated in the first tournament: Australia, England, India, New Zealand, Pakistan, and the West Indies (the six Test nations at the time), together with Sri Lanka and a composite team from East Africa.[12] One notable omission was South Africa, who were banned from international cricket due to apartheid. The tournament was won by the West Indies, who defeated Australia by 17 runs in the final at Lord's.[12]

The 1979 World Cup saw the introduction of the ICC Trophy competition to select non-Test playing teams for the World Cup,[13] with Sri Lanka and Canada qualifying.[14] The West Indies won a second consecutive World Cup tournament, defeating the hosts England by 92 runs in the final. At a meeting which followed the World Cup, the International Cricket Conference agreed to make the competition a quadrennial event.[14]

The 1983 event was hosted by England for a third consecutive time. By this stage, Sri Lanka had become a Test-playing nation, and Zimbabwe qualified through the ICC Trophy. A fielding circle was introduced, 30 yards (27 m) away from the stumps. Four fieldsmen needed to be inside it at all times.[15] The teams faced each other twice, before moving into the knock-outs. India, an outsider, quoted at 66–1 to win by bookmakers before the competition began, were crowned champions after upsetting the West Indies by 43 runs in the final

Different champions (1987–1996)[edit]

India and Pakistan jointly hosted the 1987 tournament, the first time that the competition was held outside England. The games were reduced from 60 to 50 overs per innings, the current standard, because of the shorter daylight hours in the Indian subcontinent compared with England's summer.[17] Australia won the championship by defeating England by 7 runs in the final, the closest margin in World Cup final history.[18][19]

The 1992 World Cup, held in Australia and New Zealand, introduced many changes to the game, such as coloured clothing, white balls, day/night matches, and a change to the fielding restriction rules. The South African cricket team participated in the event for the first time, following the fall of the apartheid regime and the end of the international sports boycott.[20] Pakistan overcame a dismal start in the tournament to eventually defeat England by 22 runs in the final and emerge as winners.[21]

The 1996 championship was held in the Indian subcontinent for a second time, with the inclusion of Sri Lanka as host for some of its group stage matches.[22] In the semi-final, Sri Lanka, heading towards a crushing victory over India at Eden Gardens after the hosts lost eight wickets while scoring 120 runs in pursuit of 252, were awarded victory by default after crowd unrest broke out in protest against the Indian performance.[23] Sri Lanka went on to win their maiden championship by defeating Australia by seven wickets in the final at Lahore.[24]

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Cricket World Cup

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about the men's tournament. For the women's tournament, see Women's Cricket World Cup. For the recent tournament, see 2015 Cricket World Cup. For the Twenty20 tournament, see ICC World Twenty20.

ICC Cricket World Cup

Icc cricket world cup trophy.jpg

Official trophy awarded since the 1999 World Cup

Administrator International Cricket Council (ICC)

Format One Day International

First tournament 1975 (England)

Last tournament 2015 (Australia, New Zealand)

Next tournament 2019 (England and Wales)

Tournament format ↓various

Number of teams 20 (all tournaments)

14 (most recent)

10 (next)

Current champion Australia (5th title)

Most successful Australia (5 titles)

Most runs India Sachin Tendulkar (2,278)

Most wickets Australia Glenn McGrath (71)

Contents [hide]

1 History

1.1 Before the first Cricket World Cup

1.2 Prudential World Cups (1975–1983)

1.3 Different champions (1987–1996)

1.4 Australian treble (1999–2007)

1.5 Hosts triumph (2011-2015)

2 Format

2.1 Qualification

2.2 Tournament

3 Trophy

4 Media coverage

5 Selection of hosts

6 Tournament history

7 Results

7.1 Teams' performances

7.2 Debutant teams

7.3 Overview

8 Awards

8.1 Man of the tournament

8.2 Man of the Match in the Final

9 Tournament records

10 See also

11 References

12 External links

History[edit]

Main article: History of the Cricket World Cup

Before the first Cricket World Cup[edit]

Prudential World Cups (1975–1983)[edit]

The Prudential Cup trophy

Different champions (1987–1996)[edit]

Australian treble (1999–2007)[edit]

In 1999 the event was hosted by England, with some matches also being held in Scotland, Ireland, Wales and the Netherlands.[25][26] Twelve teams contested the World Cup. Australia qualified for the semi-finals after reaching their target in their Super 6 match against South Africa off the final over of the match.[27] They then proceeded to the final with a tied match in the semi-final also against South Africa where a mix-up between South African batsmen Lance Klusener and Allan Donald saw Donald drop his bat and stranded mid-pitch to be run out. In the final, Australia dismissed Pakistan for 132 and then reached the target in less than 20 overs and with eight wickets in hand.[28]

A crowd of over 10,000 fans welcome the Australian team on completing the first World Cup hat-trick – Martin Place, Sydney.

South Africa, Zimbabwe and Kenya hosted the 2003 World Cup. The number of teams participating in the event increased from twelve to fourteen. Kenya's victories over Sri Lanka and Zimbabwe, among others – and a forfeit by the New Zealand team, which refused to play in Kenya because of security concerns – enabled Kenya to reach the semi-finals, the best result by an associate.[29] In the final, Australia made 359 runs for the loss of two wickets, the largest ever total in a final, defeating India by 125 runs.[30][31]

In 2007 the tournament was hosted by the West Indies and expanded to sixteen teams.[32] Following Pakistan's upset loss to World Cup debutants Ireland in the group stage, Pakistani coach Bob Woolmer was found dead in his hotel room.[33] Jamaican police had initially launched a murder investigation into Woolmer's death but later confirmed that he died of heart failure.[34] Australia defeated Sri Lanka in the final by 53 runs (D/L) in farcical light conditions, and extended their undefeated run in the World Cup to 29 matches and winning three straight championships.[35]

Hosts triumph (2011-2015)[edit]

India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh together hosted the 2011 Cricket World Cup. Pakistan were stripped of their hosting rights following the terrorist attack on the Sri Lankan cricket team, with the games originally scheduled for Pakistan redistributed to the other host countries.[36] The number of teams participating in the World Cup dropped down to fourteen.[37] Australia lost their final group stage match against Pakistan on 19 March 2011, ending an unbeaten streak of 35 World Cup matches, which had begun on 23 May 1999.[38] India won their second World Cup title by beating Sri Lanka by 6 wickets in the final in Mumbai, and became the first country to win the final on home soil.[37]

The Australian team celebrating their fifth World Cup.

Australia and New Zealand jointly hosted the 2015 Cricket World Cup. The number of participants remained at fourteen. Ireland was the most successful Associate nation with a total of three wins in the tournament. New Zealand beat South Africa in a thrilling first semi-final to qualify for their maiden World Cup final. Australia defeated New Zealand by seven wickets in the final at Melbourne to lift the World Cup for the fifth time.[39]

Format[edit]

Qualification[edit]

Main article: Cricket World Cup qualification

The Test-playing nations qualify automatically for the World Cup main event while the other teams have to qualify through a series of preliminary qualifying tournaments. A new qualifying format was introduced for the 2015 Cricket World Cup. The top two teams of the 2011–13 ICC World Cricket League Championship qualify directly. The remaining six teams join the third and fourth-placed teams of 2011 ICC World Cricket League Division Two and the top two teams of the 2013 ICC World Cricket League Division Three in the World Cup Qualifier to decide the remaining two places.[40][41]

Qualifying tournaments were introduced for the second World Cup, where two of the eight places in the finals were awarded to the leading teams in the ICC Trophy.[13] The number of teams selected through the ICC Trophy had varied throughout the years. The World Cricket League (administered by the International Cricket Council) is the qualification system provided to allow the Associate and Affiliate members of the ICC more opportunities to qualify. The name "ICC Trophy" has been changed to "ICC World Cup Qualifier".[42]

Under the current qualifying process, the World Cricket League, all Associate and Affiliate members of the ICC are able to qualify for the World Cup. Associate and Affiliate members must play between two and five stages in the ICC World Cricket League to qualify for the World Cup finals, depending on the Division in which they start the qualifying process.

Process summary in chronological order (2011-2014):

2011 ICC World Cricket League Division Two: 6 Teams – Top 2 were promoted to the 2011–13 ICC World Cricket League Championship. The third and fourth-placed teams qualified for the 2014 Cricket World Cup Qualifier. The fifth and sixth-placed teams were relegated to the Division Three for 2013.

2011–13 ICC World Cricket League Championship: 8 Teams – Top 2 automatically qualified for the 2015 Cricket World Cup. The remaining six teams qualified for the 2014 Cricket World Cup Qualifier.

2013 ICC World Cricket League Division Three: 6 Teams – Top 2 were qualified for the 2014 Cricket World Cup Qualifier. The fifth and sixth-placed teams were relegated to the Division Four for 2014.

2014 Cricket World Cup Qualifier: 10 Teams – Top 2 qualified for the 2015 Cricket World Cup and the 2015–17 ICC World Cricket League Championship. The third and fourth-placed teams qualified for the 2015–17 ICC World Cricket League Championship. The fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth-placed teams remained in the Division Two for 2015. The ninth and tenth-placed teams were relegated to the Division Three for 2014

Tournament[edit]

See also: History of the Cricket World Cup § Historical formats of final tournament

The captains of the 2007 Cricket World Cup.

The format of the Cricket World Cup has changed greatly over the course of its history. Each of the first four tournaments was played by eight teams, divided into two groups of four.[43] The competition consisted of two stages, a group stage and a knock-out stage. The four teams in each group played each other in the round-robin group stage, with the top two teams in each group progressing to the semi-finals. The winners of the semi-finals played against each other in the final. With South Africa returning in the fifth tournament in 1992 as a result of the end of the apartheid boycott, nine teams played each other once in the group phase, and the top four teams progressed to the semi-finals.[44] The tournament was further expanded in 1996, with two groups of six teams.[45] The top four teams from each group progressed to quarter-finals and semi-finals.

A distinct format was used for the 1999 and 2003 World Cups. The teams were split into two pools, with the top three teams in each pool advancing to the Super 6.[46] The Super 6 teams played the three other teams that advanced from the other group. As they advanced, the teams carried their points forward from previous matches against other teams advancing alongside them, giving them an incentive to perform well in the group stages.[46] The top four teams from the Super 6 stage progressed to the semi-finals, with the winners playing in the final.

The format used in the 2007 World Cup involved 16 teams allocated into four groups of four.[47] Within each group, the teams played each other in a round-robin format. Teams earned points for wins and half-points for ties. The top two teams from each group moved forward to the Super 8 round. The Super 8 teams played the other six teams that progressed from the different groups. Teams earned points in the same way as the group stage, but carried their points forward from previous matches against the other teams who qualified from the same group to the Super 8 stage.[48] The top four teams from the Super 8 round advanced to the semi-finals, and the winners of the semi-finals played in the final.

The format used in the 2011 and 2015[49] World Cups featured two groups of seven teams, each playing in a round-robin format. The top four teams from each group proceeded to the knock out stage consisting of quarter-finals, semi-finals and ultimately the final.[50]

It is proposed that in 2019 World Cup, the number of teams participating will go down to 10 and all the teams will play against each other once in round robin format, before entering the known-outs. this would be similar to the one used in 1992 World Cup.

Trophy[edit]

Main article: Cricket World Cup Trophy

The ICC Cricket World Cup Trophy is presented to the winners of the World Cup. The current trophy was created for the 1999 championships, and was the first permanent prize in the tournament's history. Prior to this, different trophies were made for each World Cup.[51] The trophy was designed and produced in London by a team of craftsmen from Garrard & Co over a period of two months.

The current trophy is made from silver and gild, and features a golden globe held up by three silver columns. The columns, shaped as stumps and bails, represent the three fundamental aspects of cricket: batting, bowling and fielding, while the globe characterises a cricket ball.[52] The seam is tilted to symbolize the axial tilt of the Earth. It stands 60 centimetres high and weighs approximately 11 kilograms. The names of the previous winners are engraved on the base of the trophy, with space for a total of twenty inscriptions. The ICC keeps the original trophy. A replica differing only in the inscriptions is permanently awarded to the winning team.[53]

Media coverage[edit]

Mello, the mascot of the 2007 World Cup

The tournament is the world's third largest[54] with only the FIFA World Cup and the Summer Olympics exceeding it. The 2011 Cricket World Cup final was televised in over 200 countries to over 2.2 billion television viewers.[55][56][57] Television rights, mainly for the 2011 and 2015 World Cup, were sold for over US$1.1 billion,[58] and sponsorship rights were sold for a further US$500 million.[59] The 2003 Cricket World Cup matches were attended by 626,845 people,[60] while the 2007 Cricket World Cup sold more than 672,000 tickets.[61][62]

Successive World Cup tournaments have generated increasing media attention as One-Day International cricket has become more established. The 2003 World Cup in South Africa was the first to sport a mascot, Dazzler the zebra.[63] An orange mongoose known as Mello was the mascot for the 2007 Cricket World Cup.[64] Stumpy, a blue elephant was the mascot for the 2011 World Cup.[65]

On 13 February, the opening of the 2015 tournament was celebrated with a Google Doodle.[66]

Selection of hosts[edit]

Civic Centre, South Africa honours the 2003 World Cup.

Main article: Cricket World Cup hosts

The International Cricket Council's executive committee votes for the hosts of the tournament after examining the bids made by the nations keen to hold a Cricket World Cup.[67]

England hosted the first three competitions. The ICC decided that England should host the first tournament because it was ready to devote the resources required to organising the inaugural event.[10] India volunteered to host the third Cricket World Cup, but most ICC members preferred England as the longer period of daylight in England in June meant that a match could be completed in one day.[68] The 1987 Cricket World Cup was held in India and Pakistan, the first hosted outside England.[69]

Many of the tournaments have been jointly hosted by nations from the same geographical region, such as South Asia in 1987, 1996 and 2011, Australasia in 1992 and 2015, Southern Africa in 2003 and West Indies in 2007.

Tournament history[edit]

Main article: List of ICC Cricket World Cup finals

Year Host(s) Final venue Result

Winner Margin Runner-up

1975

Details England London West Indies

291/8 (60 overs) West Indies won by 17 runs

Scorecard Australia

274 all out (58.4 overs)

1979

Details England London West Indies

286/9 (60 overs) West Indies won by 92 runs

Scorecard England

194 all out (51 overs)

1983

Details England London India

183 all out (54.4 overs) India won by 43 runs

Scorecard West Indies

140 all out (52 overs)

1987

Details India

Pakistan Calcutta Australia

253/5 (50 overs) Australia won by 7 runs

Scorecard England

246/8 (50 overs)

1992

Details Australia

New Zealand Melbourne Pakistan

249/6 (50 overs) Pakistan won by 22 runs

Scorecard England

227 all out (49.2 overs)

1996

Details Pakistan

India

Sri Lanka Lahore Sri Lanka

245/3 (46.2 overs) Sri Lanka won by 7 wickets

Scorecard Australia

241/7 (50 overs)

1999

Details England[a] London Australia

133/2 (20.1 overs) Australia won by 8 wickets

Scorecard Pakistan

132 all out (39 overs)

2003

Details South Africa

Zimbabwe

Kenya [b] Johannesburg Australia

359/2 (50 overs) Australia won by 125 runs

Scorecard India

234 all out (39.2 overs)

2007

Details West Indies[c] Bridgetown Australia

281/4 (38 overs) Australia won by 53 runs (D/L)

Scorecard Sri Lanka

215/8 (36 overs)

2011

Details India

Sri Lanka

Bangladesh Mumbai India

277/4 (48.2 overs) India won by 6 wickets

Scorecard Sri Lanka

274/6 (50 overs)

2015

Details Australia

New Zealand Melbourne Australia

186/3 (33.1 overs) Australia won by 7 wickets

Scorecard New Zealand

183 all out (45 overs)

2019

Details England

Wales London

2023

Details India to be determined

Notes

Jump up ^ The England and Wales Cricket Board was the sole designated host, but matches were also played in Ireland, the Netherlands, and Scotland.

Jump up ^ Cricket South Africa and Zimbabwe were joint hosts, but matches were also played in Kenya.

Jump up ^ Eight member countries of the West Indies Cricket Board hosted matches – Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and Trinidad and Tobago.

Results[edit]

Twenty nations have qualified for the Cricket World Cup at least once (excluding qualification tournaments). Seven teams have competed in every finals tournament, five of which have won the title.[9] The West Indies won the first two tournaments, Australia has won five, India has won two, while Pakistan and Sri Lanka have each won once. The West Indies (1975 and 1979) and Australia (1999, 2003 and 2007) are the only nations to have won consecutive titles.[9] Australia has played in seven of the eleven final matches (1975, 1987, 1996, 1999, 2003, 2007, 2015). England has yet to win the World Cup, but has been runners-up three times (1979, 1987, 1992). The best result by a non-Test playing nation is the semi-final appearance by Kenya in the 2003 tournament; while the best result by a non-Test playing team on their debut is the Super 8 (second round) by Ireland in 2007.[9]

Sri Lanka as a co-host of the 1996 Cricket World Cup was the first host to win the tournament though the final was held in Pakistan.[9] India won in 2011 as host and was the first team to win in a final played in their own country.[70] Australia repeated the feat in 2015.[39] England is the only other host to have made the final, in 1979. Other countries which have achieved or equalled their best World Cup results while co-hosting the tournament are New Zealand as finalists in 2015; Zimbabwe who reached the Super Six in 2003; and Kenya as semi-finalists in 2003.[9] In 1987, co-hosts India and Pakistan both reached the semi-finals, but were eliminated by Australia and England respectively.[9] Australia in 1992, England in 1999, South Africa in 2003, and Bangladesh in 2011 have been the host teams that were eliminated in the first round.

Teams' performances[edit]

An overview of the teams' performances in every World Cup:

Team \ Host 1975 1979 1983 1987 1992 1996 1999 2003 2007 2011 2015 2019 2023

England England England India

Pakistan Australia

New Zealand India

Pakistan

Sri Lanka England South Africa West Indies Cricket Board India

Sri Lanka

Bangladesh Australia

New Zealand England India

Afghanistan GP

Australia 2nd GP GP 1st GP 2nd 1st 1st 1st QF 1st

Bangladesh GP GP S8 GP QF

Bermuda GP

Canada GP GP GP GP

East Africa† GP

England SF 2nd SF 2nd 2nd QF GP GP S8 QF GP Q

India GP GP 1st SF GP SF S6 2nd GP 1st SF Q

Ireland S8 GP GP

Kenya GP GP SF GP GP

Namibia GP

Netherlands GP GP GP GP

New Zealand SF SF GP GP SF QF SF S6 SF SF 2nd

Pakistan GP SF SF SF 1st QF 2nd GP GP SF QF

Scotland GP GP GP

South Africa SF QF SF GP SF QF SF

Sri Lanka GP GP GP GP GP 1st GP SF 2nd 2nd QF

United Arab Emirates GP GP

West Indies 1st 1st 2nd GP GP SF GP GP S8 QF QF

Zimbabwe GP GP GP GP S6 S6 GP GP GP

†No longer exists.

Before the 1992 World Cup, South Africa was banned due to apartheid.

The number of wins followed by Run-rate is the criteria for determining the rankings till the 1987 World Cup.

The number of points followed by, head to head performance and then net run-rate is the criteria for determining the rankings for the World Cups from 1992 onwards.

Legend

1st – Winner

2nd – Runner up

SF – Semi-finals

S8 – Super Eight (2007)

S6 – Super Six (1999–2003)

QF – Quarter-finals (1996, 2011–2015)

GP – Group – First round

Q – Qualified

Debutant teams[edit]

Year Teams

1975 Australia, East Africa†, England, India, New Zealand, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, West Indies

1979 Canada

1983 Zimbabwe

1987 none

1992 South Africa

1996 Kenya, Netherlands, United Arab Emirates

1999 Bangladesh, Scotland

2003 Namibia

2007 Bermuda, Ireland

2011 none

2015 Afghanistan

†No longer exists.

Overview[edit]

The table below provides an overview of the performances of teams over past World Cups, as of the end of group stage of the 2015 tournament. Teams are sorted by best performance, then by appearances, total number of wins, total number of games, and alphabetical order respectively.

Appearances Statistics

Team Total First Latest Best result Mat. Won Lost Tie NR Win%*

Australia 11 1975 2015 Champions (1987, 1999, 2003, 2007, 2015) 84 62 20 1 1 75.30

India 11 1975 2015 Champions (1983, 2011) 75 46 27 1 1 62.83

West Indies 11 1975 2015 Champions (1975, 1979) 71 41 29 0 1 58.57

Pakistan 11 1975 2015 Champions (1992) 71 40 29 0 2 57.97

Sri Lanka 11 1975 2015 Champions (1996) 73 35 35 1 2 50.00

England 11 1975 2015 Runners-up (1979, 1987, 1992) 72 41 29 1 1 58.45

New Zealand 11 1975 2015 Runners-up (2015) 79 48 30 0 1 61.53

South Africa 7 1992 2015 Semi-finals (1992, 1999, 2007, 2015) 55 35 18 2 0 65.45

Kenya 5 1996 2011 Semi-finals (2003) 29 6 22 0 1 21.42

Zimbabwe 9 1983 2015 Super 6 (1999, 2003) 57 11 42 1 3 21.29

Bangladesh 5 1999 2015 Quarter-finals (2015), Super 8 (2007) 32 11 20 0 1 35.48

Ireland 3 2007 2015 Super 8 (2007) 21 7 13 1 0 35.71

Netherlands 4 1996 2011 Group Stage (1996, 2003, 2007, 2011) 20 2 18 0 0 10.00

Canada 4 1979 2011 Group Stage (1979, 2003, 2007, 2011) 18 2 16 0 0 11.11

Scotland 3 1999 2015 Group Stage (1999, 2007, 2015) 14 0 14 0 0 0.00

United Arab Emirates 2 1996 2015 Group Stage (1996, 2015) 11 1 10 0 0 9.09

Afghanistan 1 2015 2015 Group Stage (2015) 6 1 5 0 0 16.66

Namibia 1 2003 2003 Group Stage (2003) 6 0 6 0 0 0.00

Bermuda 1 2007 2007 Group Stage (2007) 3 0 3 0 0 0.00

East Africa† 1 1975 1975 Group Stage (1975) 3 0 3 0 0 0.00

Last Updated: 29 March 2015[71]

The Win percentage excludes no results and counts ties as half a win.

†No longer exists.

Awards[edit]

Man of the tournament[edit]

Main article: Cricket World Cup awards

Since 1992, one player has been declared as "Man of the Tournament" at the end of the World Cup finals:[72]

Year Player Performance details

1992 New Zealand Martin Crowe 456 runs

1996 Sri Lanka Sanath Jayasuriya 221 runs and 7 wickets

1999 South Africa Lance Klusener 281 runs and 17 wickets

2003 India Sachin Tendulkar 673 runs and 2 wickets

2007 Australia Glenn McGrath 26 wickets

2011 India Yuvraj Singh 362 runs and 15 wickets

2015 Australia Mitchell Starc 22 wickets

Man of the Match in the Final[edit]

There were no Man of the Tournament awards before 1992 but Man of the Match awards have always been given for individual matches. Winning the Man of the Match in the final is logically noteworthy, as this indicates the player deemed to have played the biggest part in the World Cup final. To date the award has always gone to a member of the winning side. The Man of the Match award in the final of the competition has been awarded to:[72]

Year Player Performance details

1975 West Indies Cricket Board Clive Lloyd 102 runs

1979 West Indies Cricket Board Viv Richards 138*

1983 India Mohinder Amarnath 3/12 and 26

1987 Australia David Boon 75 runs

1992 Pakistan Wasim Akram 33 and 3/49

1996 Sri Lanka Aravinda de Silva 107* and 3/42

1999 Australia Shane Warne 4/33

2003 Australia Ricky Ponting 140*

2007 Australia Adam Gilchrist 149

2011 India Mahendra Singh Dhoni 91*

2015 Australia James Faulkner 3/36

Tournament records[edit]

Main article: List of Cricket World Cup records

Sachin Tendulkar, the leading run-scorer in World Cup history.

World Cup records[73]

Batting

Most runs India Sachin Tendulkar 2,278 (1992–2011)

Highest average (min. 20 inns.) [74] South Africa AB de Villiers 63.52 (2007–2015)

Highest score New Zealand Martin Guptill v West Indies 237* (2015)

Highest partnership West Indies Cricket Board Chris Gayle & Marlon Samuels

(2nd wicket) v Zimbabwe 372 (2015)

Most runs in a tournament India Sachin Tendulkar 673 (2003)

Most hundreds India Sachin Tendulkar 6 (1992–2011)

Bowling

Most wickets Australia Glenn McGrath 71 (1996–2007)

Lowest average (min. 1000 balls bowled) Australia Glenn McGrath 18.19 (1996–2007)

Best strike rate (min. 1000 balls bowled) Sri Lanka Lasith Malinga 23.8 (2007–2015)

Best economy rate (min. 1000 balls bowled) West Indies Cricket Board Andy Roberts 3.24 (1975–1983)

Best bowling figures Australia Glenn McGrath v Namibia 7/15 (2003)

Most wickets in a tournament Australia Glenn McGrath 26 (2007)

Fielding

Most dismissals (wicket-keeper) Sri Lanka Kumar Sangakkara 54 (2003–2015)

Most catches (fielder) Australia Ricky Ponting 28 (1996–2011)

Team

Highest score Australia v Afghanistan 417/6 (2015)

Lowest score Canada v Sri Lanka 36 (2003)

Highest win % [75] Australia Australia 74% (Played 84, Won 62)

Most consecutive wins [76] Australia Australia 27 (20 Jun 1999-19 Mar 2011, one N/R excluded)

Most consecutive tournament wins Australia Australia 3 (1999–2007)

See also[edit]

Cricket portal

ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup

ICC World Twenty20

Women's Cricket World Cup

References[edit]

Jump up ^ ICC Cricket World Cup: About – International Cricket Council. Retrieved 30 June 2013.

Jump up ^ Martin Williamson. "The oldest international contest of them all". ESPN.

Jump up ^ "1st Test Scorecard". ESPNcricinfo. 15 March 1877. Retrieved 28 January 2007.

Jump up ^ "Olympic Games, 1900, Final". ESPNcricinfo. 19 August 1900. Retrieved 9 September 2006.

Jump up ^ "The original damp squib". ESPNcricinfo. 23 April 2005. Archived from the original on 16 October 2007. Retrieved 29 August 2006.

Jump up ^ "The run-out that sparked a riot". ESPNcricinfo. 30 October 2010. Archived from the original on 22 October 2014. Retrieved 18 February 2015.

Jump up ^ "The low-key birth of one-day cricket". ESPNcricinfo. 9 April 2011. Archived from the original on 19 September 2013. Retrieved 15 July 2014.

Jump up ^ "What is One-Day International cricket?". newicc.cricket.org. Archived from the original on 19 November 2006. Retrieved 10 September 2006.

^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h "The World Cup – A brief history". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 7 December 2006.

^ Jump up to: a b "The History of World Cup's". cricworld.com. Retrieved 19 September 2006.

Jump up ^ Browning (1999), pp. 5–9

^ Jump up to: a b Browning (1999), pp. 26–31

^ Jump up to: a b "ICC Trophy – A brief history". ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 29 August 2006.

^ Jump up to: a b Browning (1999), pp. 32–35

Jump up ^ Browning (1999), pp. 61–62

Jump up ^ Browning (1999), pp. 105–110

Jump up ^ Browning (1999), pp. 111–116

Jump up ^ Browning (1999), pp. 155–159

Jump up ^ "Cricket World Cup 2003". A.Srinivas. Archived from the original on 25 October 2009. Retrieved 28 January 2007.

Jump up ^ Browning (1999), pp. 160–161

Jump up ^ Browning (1999), pp. 211–214

Jump up ^ Browning (1999), pp. 215–217

Jump up ^ "1996 Semi-final scoreboard". cricketfundas. Retrieved 28 January 2007.

Jump up ^ Browning (1999), pp. 264–274

Jump up ^ Browning (1999), p. 274

Jump up ^ French Toast (2014). Cricket World Cup: A Summary of the Tournaments Since 1975 (e-book). Smashwords. Retrieved 11 December 2014.

Jump up ^ Browning (1999), pp. 229–231

Jump up ^ Browning (1999), pp. 232–238

Jump up ^ "Washouts, walkovers, and black armband protests". ESPNcricinfo. Archived from the original on 30 August 2015. Retrieved 30 August 2015.

Jump up ^ "Ruthless Aussies lift World Cup". London: BBC. 23 March 2003. Retrieved 29 January 2007.

Jump up ^ "Full tournament schedule". London: BBC. 23 March 2003. Retrieved 22 February 2007.

Jump up ^ "Australia triumph in a tournament to forget". ESPNcricinfo. Archived from the original on 6 February 2012. Retrieved 15 July 2014.

Jump up ^ "Bob Woolmer's death stuns cricket world". ESPNcricinfo. Archived from the original on 25 October 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2014.

Jump up ^ "Bob Woolmer investigation round-up". Cricinfo. Retrieved 6 May 2007.

Jump up ^ "Australia v Sri Lanka, World Cup final, Barbados". Cricinfo. 28 April 2007. Retrieved 6 May 2007.

Jump up ^ "No World Cup matches in Pakistan". BBC. 18 April 2009. Archived from the original on 18 April 2009. Retrieved 15 July 2014.

^ Jump up to: a b "India end a 28-year-long wait". ESPNcricinfo. Archived from the original on 25 August 2013. Retrieved 29 October 2014.

Jump up ^ "Pakistan top group after ending Australia's unbeaten World Cup streak". CNN. 20 March 2011. Retrieved 13 February 2015.

^ Jump up to: a b "Cricket World Cup 2015: Australia crush New Zealand in final". BBC Sport. 29 March 2015. Retrieved 29 March 2015.

Jump up ^ "Results of the ICC Chief Executives' Committee meeting in London". 12 September 2011. Retrieved 13 September 2011.

Jump up ^ "ICC spells out 2015 WC qualification plan". ESPNcricinfo. ESPN Sports Media. 11 October 2011. Retrieved 11 October 2011.

Jump up ^ "World Cricket League". ICC. Archived from the original on 19 January 2007. Retrieved 28 January 2007.

Jump up ^ "1st tournament". icc.cricket.org. Archived from the original on 17 December 2007. Retrieved 19 February 2007.

Jump up ^ "92 tournament". icc.cricket.org. Archived from the original on 17 December 2007. Retrieved 19 February 2007.

Jump up ^ "96 tournament". icc.cricket.org. Archived from the original on 17 December 2007. Retrieved 19 February 2007.

^ Jump up to: a b "Super 6". Cricinfo. Retrieved 19 February 2007.

Jump up ^ "World Cup groups". cricket world cup. Retrieved 28 January 2007.

Jump up ^ "About the Event" (PDF). cricketworldcup.com. p. 1. Retrieved 2 September 2006.

Jump up ^ "2015 Cricket World Cup". cricknews.net. Retrieved 3 February 2015.

Jump up ^ Nayar, K.R. (29 June 2011). "International Cricket Council approves 14-team cup". Gulf News. Retrieved 2 February 2015.

Jump up ^ "Trophy is first permanent prize in Cricket World Cup". cricket-worldcup2015.net. Retrieved 9 November 2007.

Jump up ^ "Cricket World Cup- Past Glimpses". webindia123.com. Retrieved 31 October 2007.

Jump up ^ "About the Tournament". International Cricket Council. Archived from the original on 25 June 2014. Retrieved 4 December 2014.

Jump up ^ "CRICKET WORLD CUP 2015 3RD MOST WATCHED SPORTS EVENT IN THE WORLD". Total Sportek. 11 January 2015. Retrieved 17 March 2015.

Jump up ^ "More money, more viewers and fewer runs in prospect for intriguing World Cup". The Guardian. 12 February 2015. Retrieved 17 March 2015.

Jump up ^ "World Cup Overview". cricketworldcup.com. Retrieved 29 January 2007.

Jump up ^ "Papa John's CEO Introduces Cricket to Jerry Jones and Daniel Snyder". ir.papajohns.com. Archived from the original on 11 July 2007. Retrieved 4 April 2007.

Jump up ^ Cricinfo staff (9 December 2006). "ICC rights for to ESPN-star". Cricinfo. Retrieved 30 January 2007.

Jump up ^ Cricinfo staff (18 January 2006). "ICC set to cash in on sponsorship rights". Cricinfo. Retrieved 30 January 2007.

Jump up ^ "Cricket World Cup 2003" (PDF). ICC. p. 12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 March 2006. Retrieved 29 January 2007.

Jump up ^ "World Cup profits boost debt-ridden Windies board". Content-usa.cricinfo.com. Retrieved 24 June 2012.

Jump up ^ "ICC CWC 2007 Match Attendance Soars Past 400,000". cricketworld.com. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 25 April 2007.

Jump up ^ "2003 World Cup launched in Soweto". ESPNcricinfo. Archived from the original on 3 December 2014. Retrieved 3 December 2014.

Jump up ^ "ICC cricket mascot Mello tours Guyana to raise AIDS awareness". UNICEF. Archived from the original on 4 November 2014. Retrieved 4 November 2014.

Jump up ^ "2011 World Cup mascot named as 'Stumpy'". The Times of India. India. 2 August 2010. Retrieved 16 April 2011.

Jump up ^ [1]

Jump up ^ "Asia to host 2011 World Cup". Cricinfo. 30 April 2006. Retrieved 9 February 2007.

Jump up ^ "The 1979 World Cup in England – West Indies retain their title". Cricinfo. Retrieved 19 September 2006.

Jump up ^ "The 1987 World Cup in India and Pakistan – Australia win tight tournament". Cricinfo. Retrieved 15 July 2014.

Jump up ^ "India power past Sri Lanka to Cricket World Cup triumph". BBC Sport. 2 April 2011. Retrieved 17 March 2015.

Jump up ^ "Cricket Records – Records – World Cup – Result summary – ESPN Cricinfo". Cricinfo.

^ Jump up to: a b "Cricket World Cup Past Glimpses". webindia123.com. Retrieved 31 October 2007.

Jump up ^ All records are based on statistics at Cricinfo.com's list of World Cup records

Jump up ^ "Statistics / Statsguru / One-Day Internationals / Batting records". ESPN Cricinfo. Retrieved 30 March 2015.

Jump up ^ "Records / World Cup / Result summary". ESPN Cricinfo. Retrieved 30 March 2015.

Jump up ^ "Statistics / Statsguru / One-Day Internationals / Team records". Cricinfo. Retrieved 30 March 2015.

Sources

Browning, Mark (1999). A complete history of World Cup Cricket. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-7318-0833-9.

External links[edit]

Official ICC Cricket World Cup website

Official ICC website

[show] v t e

ICC Cricket World Cup

[show] v t e

ICC Cricket World Cup winners

[show] v t e

ICC Cricket World Cup hosts

[show] v t e

World cups between national teams and representatives

[show] v t e

International cricket

[show] v t e

World championships

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History Of Cricket

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 28 Sep 2016 00:34:00 +0000

The sport of cricket has a known history beginning in the late 16th century. Having originated in south-east England, it became the country's national sport in the 18th century and has developed globally in the 19th and 20th centuries. International matches have been played since 1844 and Test cricket began, retrospectively recognised, in 1877. Cricket is the world's second most popular spectator sport after association football[citation needed]. Governance is by the International Cricket Council (ICC) which has over one hundred members although only ten play Test cricket.

Early cricket
Main article: History of cricket to 1725
Origin
The origin of cricket is unknown. There is a consensus of expert opinion that it was probably created during Saxon or Norman times by children living in the Weald, an area of dense woodlands and clearings in south-east England that lies across Kent and Sussex.[1] The first definite reference is dated Monday, 17 January 1597 (Julian date; see below).

There have been several speculations about the game's origins including some that it was created in France or Flanders. The earliest of these speculative references is dated Thursday, 10 March 1300 (Julian date) and concerns the future King Edward II playing at "creag and other games" in both Westminster and Newenden. It has been suggested that "creag" was an Olde English word for cricket but expert opinion is that it was an early spelling of "craic", meaning "fun and games in general".[2]

It is generally believed that cricket survived as a children's game for many generations before it was increasingly taken up by adults around the beginning of the 17th century. Possibly cricket was derived from bowls, assuming bowls is the older sport, by the intervention of a batsman trying to stop the ball from reaching its target by hitting it away. Playing on sheep-grazed land or in clearings, the original implements may have been a matted lump of sheep’s wool (or even a stone or a small lump of wood) as the ball; a stick or a crook or another farm tool as the bat; and a stool or a tree stump or a gate (e.g., a wicket gate) as the wicket.[3]

First definite reference

Early 17th century
A number of references occur up to the English Civil War and these indicate that cricket had become an adult game contested by parish teams, but there is no evidence of county strength teams at this time. Equally, there is little evidence of the rampant gambling that characterised the game throughout the 18th century. It is generally believed, therefore, that village cricket had developed by the middle of the 17th century but that county cricket had not and that investment in the game had not begun.[11]

The Commonwealth
After the Civil War ended in 1648, the new Puritan government clamped down on "unlawful assemblies", in particular the more raucous sports such as football. Their laws also demanded a stricter observance of the Sabbath than there had been previously. As the Sabbath was the only free time available to the lower classes, cricket's popularity may have waned during the Commonwealth. However, it did flourish in public fee-paying schools such as Winchester and St Paul's. There is no actual evidence that Oliver Cromwell's regime banned cricket specifically and there are references to it during the interregnum that suggest it was acceptable to the authorities provided that it did not cause any "breach of the Sabbath".[11] It is believed that the nobility in general adopted cricket at this time through involvement in village games.[4]

Gambling and press coverage
Cricket certainly thrived after the Restoration in 1660 and is believed to have first attracted gamblers making large bets at this time. In 1664, the "Cavalier" Parliament passed the Gaming Act 1664 which limited stakes to £100, although that was still a fortune at the time,[11] equivalent to about £14 thousand in present-day terms [12]. Cricket had certainly become a significant gambling sport by the end of the 17th century. There is a newspaper report of a "great match" played in Sussex in 1697 which was 11-a-side and played for high stakes of 50 guineas a side.[6]

With freedom of the press having been granted in 1696,

cricket for the first time could be reported in the newspapers. But it was a long time before the newspaper industry adapted sufficiently to provide frequent, let alone comprehensive, coverage of the game. During the first half of the 18th century, press reports tended to focus on the betting rather than on the play.[11]
18th-century cricket
See also: History of cricket to 1725 and History of cricket (1726–40)
Patronage and players
Gambling introduced the first patrons because some of the gamblers decided to strengthen their bets by forming their own teams and it is believed the first "county teams" were formed in the aftermath of the Restoration in 1660, especially as members of the nobility were employing "local experts" from village cricket as the earliest professionals.[4] The first known game in which the teams use county names is in 1709 but there can be little doubt that these sort of fixtures were being arranged long before that. The match in 1697 was probably Sussex versus another county.
The most notable of the early patrons were a group of aristocrats and businessmen who were active from about 1725, which is the time that press coverage became more regular, perhaps as a result of the patrons' influence. These men

included the 2nd Duke of Richmond, Sir William Gage, Alan Brodrick and Edwin Stead. For the first time, the press mentions individual players like Thomas Waymark.

Cricket moves out of England
Cricket was introduced to North America via the English colonies in the 17th century,[10] probably before it had even reached the north of England. In the 18th century it arrived in other parts of the globe. It was introduced to the West Indies by colonists[10] and to India by British East India Company mariners in the first half of the century. It arrived in Australia almost as soon as colonisation began in 1788. New Zealand and South Africa followed in the early years of the 19th century.[4]

Cricket never caught on in Canada, despite efforts by an imperial-minded elite to promote the game as a way of identifying with the British Empire. Canada, unlike Australia and the West Indies, witnessed a continual decline in the popularity of the game during 1860–1960.

Linked to upper class British-Canadian elites, the game never became popular with the general public. In the summer season it had to compete with baseball. During the First World War, Canadian units stationed in Britain played baseball, not cricket.[13][14]
Development of the Laws
See also: Laws of Cricket
The basic rules of cricket such as bat and ball, the wicket, pitch dimensions, overs, how out, etc. have existed since time immemorial. In 1728, the Duke of Richmond and Alan Brodick drew up Articles of Agreement to determine the code of practice in a particular game and this became a common feature, especially around payment of stake money and distributing the winnings given the importance of gambling.[6]

In 1744, the Laws of Cricket were codified for the first time and then amended in 1774, when innovations such as lbw, middle stump and maximum bat width were added. These laws stated that the principals shall choose from amongst the gentlemen present two umpires who shall absolutely decide all disputes. The codes were drawn up by the so-called "Star and Garter Club" whose members ultimately founded MCC at Lord's in 1787.

MCC immediately became the custodian of the Laws and has made periodic revisions and recodifications subsequently.[15]

Continued growth in England
The game continued to spread throughout England and, in 1751, Yorkshire is first mentioned as a venue.[16] The original form of bowling (i.e., rolling the ball along the ground as in bowls) was superseded sometime after 1760 when bowlers began to pitch the ball and study variations in line, length and pace.[11] Scorecards began to be kept on a regular basis from 1772 and since then an increasingly clear picture has emerged of the sport's development.[17]Continued growth in England
The game continued to spread throughout England and, in 1751, Yorkshire is first mentioned as a venue.[16] The original form of bowling (i.e., rolling the ball along the ground as in bowls) was superseded sometime after 1760 when bowlers began to pitch the ball and study variations in line, length and pace.[11] Scorecards began to be kept on a regular basis from 1772 and since then an increasingly clear picture has emerged of the sport's development.[17]Continued growth in England
The game

continued to spread throughout England and, in 1751, Yorkshire is first mentioned as a venue.[16] The original form of bowling (i.e., rolling the ball along the ground as in bowls) was superseded sometime after 1760 when bowlers began to pitch the ball and study variations in line, length and pace.[11] Scorecards began to be kept on a regular basis from 1772 and since then an increasingly clear picture has emerged of the sport's development.

National championships
A significant development in domestic cricket occurred in 1890 when the official County Championship was constituted in England. This organisational initiative has been repeated in other countries. Australia established the Sheffield Shield in 1892–93. Other national competitions to be established were the Currie Cup in South Africa, the Plunkett Shield in New Zealand and the Ranji Trophy in India.

The period from 1890 to the outbreak of the First World War has become one of nostalgia, ostensibly because the teams played cricket according to "the spirit of the game", but more realistically because it was a peacetime period that was shattered by the First World War. The era has been called The Golden Age of cricket and it featured numerous great names such as Grace, Wilfred Rhodes, C. B. Fry, Ranjitsinhji and Victor Trumper.

Balls per over
In 1889 the immemorial four ball over was replaced by a five ball over and then this was changed to the current six balls an over in 1900. Subsequently, some countries experimented with eight balls an over. In 1922, the number of balls per over was changed from six to eight in Australia only. In 1924 the eight ball over was extended to New Zealand and in 1937 to South Africa. In England, the eight ball over was adopted experimentally for the 1939 season; the intention was to continue the experiment in 1940, but first-class cricket was suspended for the Second World War and when it resumed, English cricket reverted to the six ball over. The 1947 Laws of Cricket allowed six or eight balls depending on the conditions of play. Since the 1979/80 Australian and New Zealand seasons, the six ball over has been used worldwide and the most recent version of the Laws in 2000 only permits six ball overs.

20th-century cricket
Growth of Test cricket

Sid Barnes, traps Lala Amarnath lbw in the first official Test between Australia and India at the MCG in 1948
When the Imperial Cricket Conference (as it was originally called) was founded in 1909, only England, Australia and South Africa were members. West Indies (1928), New Zealand (1930) and India (1932) became Test nations before the Second World War and Pakistan (1952) soon afterwards. The international game grew with several ICC Affiliate Members getting involved and, in the closing years of the 20th century, three of those became Test nations also: Sri Lanka (1982), Zimbabwe (1992) and Bangladesh (2000).

Test cricket remained the sport's highest level of standard throughout the 20th century but it had its problems, notably in the infamous "Bodyline Series" of 1932–33 when Douglas Jardine's England used so-called "leg theory" to try and neutralise the run-scoring brilliance of Australia's Don Bradman.

Suspension of South Africa (1970–91)
See also: International cricket in South Africa from 1971 to 1981
The greatest crisis to hit international cricket was brought about by apartheid, the South African policy of racial segregation. The situation began to crystallise after 1961 when South Africa left the Commonwealth of Nations and so, under the rules of the day, its cricket board had to leave the International Cricket Conference (ICC). Cricket's opposition to apartheid intensified in 1968 with the cancellation of England's tour to South Africa by the South African authorities, due to the inclusion of "coloured" cricketer Basil D'Oliveira in the England team. In 1970, the ICC members voted to suspend South Africa indefinitely from international cricket competition.

Starved of top-level competition for its best players, the South African Cricket Board began funding so-called "rebel tours", offering large sums of money for international players to form teams and tour South Africa. The ICC's response was to blacklist any rebel players who agreed to tour South Africa, banning them from officially sanctioned international cricket. As players were poorly remunerated during the 1970s, several accepted the offer to tour South Africa, particularly players getting towards the end of their careers for which a blacklisting would have little effect.

The rebel tours continued into the 1980s but then progress was made in South African politics and it became clear that apartheid was ending. South Africa, now a "Rainbow Nation" under Nelson Mandela, was welcomed back into international sport in 1991.

World Series Cricket
See also: World Series Cricket
The money problems of top cricketers were also the root cause of another cricketing crisis that arose in 1977 when the Australian media magnate Kerry Packer fell out with the Australian Cricket Board over TV rights. Taking advantage of the low remuneration paid to players, Packer retaliated by signing several of the best players in the world to a privately run cricket league outside the structure of international cricket. World Series Cricket hired some of the banned South African players and allowed them to show off their skills in an international arena against other world-class players. The schism lasted only until 1979 and the "rebel" players were allowed back into established international cricket, though many found that their national teams had moved on without them. Long-term results of World Series Cricket have included the introduction of significantly higher player salaries and innovations such as coloured kit and night games.

Limited-overs cricket
In the 1960s, English county teams began playing a version of cricket with games of only one innings each and a maximum number of overs per innings. Starting in 1963 as a knockout competition only, limited overs grew in popularity and, in 1969, a national league was created which consequently caused a reduction in the number of matches in the County Championship.

Although many "traditional" cricket fans objected to the shorter form of the game, limited-over cricket did have the advantage of delivering a result to spectators within a single day; it did improve cricket's appeal to younger or busier people; and it did prove commercially successful.

The first limited-over international match took place at Melbourne Cricket Ground in 1971 as a time-filler after a Test match had been abandoned because of heavy rain on the opening days. It was tried simply as an experiment and to give the players some exercise, but turned out to be immensely popular. limited-over internationals (LOIs or ODIs—one-day internationals) have since grown to become a massively popular form of the game, especially for busy people who want to be able to see a whole match. The International Cricket Council reacted to this development by organising the first Cricket World Cup in England in 1975, with all the Test-playing nations taking part.

Analytic and graphic technology
Limited-overs cricket increased television ratings for cricket coverage. Innovative techniques introduced in coverage of limited-over matches were soon adopted for Test coverage. The innovations included presentation of in-depth statistics and graphical analysis, placing miniature cameras in the stumps, multiple usage of cameras to provide shots from several locations around the ground, high-speed photography and computer graphics technology enabling television viewers to study the course of a delivery and help them understand an umpire's decision.

In 1992, the use of a third umpire to adjudicate run-out appeals with television replays was introduced in the Test series between South Africa and India. The third umpire's duties have subsequently expanded to include decisions on other aspects of play such as stumpings, catches and boundaries. From 2011, the third umpire was being called upon to moderate review of umpires' decisions, including LBW, with the aid of virtual-reality tracking technologies (e.g., Hawk-Eye and Hot Spot), though such measures still could not free some disputed decisions from heated controversy.[21]

21st-century cricket
In June 2001, the ICC introduced a "Test Championship Table" and, in October 2002, a "One-day International Championship Table". As indicated by ICC rankings,[22] the various cricket formats have continued to be a major competitive sport in most former British Empire countries, notably the Indian subcontinent, and new participants including the Netherlands. As of August 2013, the top rankings were held by South Africa (Tests), India (one-day internationals), and Sri Lanka (Twenty20 champion).

The ICC expanded its development programme, aiming to produce more national teams capable of competing at the various formats. Development efforts are focused on African and Asian nations, and on the United States. In 2004, the ICC Intercontinental Cup brought first-class cricket to 12 nations, mostly for the first time. Cricket's newest innovation is Twenty20, essentially an evening entertainment. It has so far enjoyed enormous popularity and has attracted large attendances at matches as well as good TV audience ratings. The inaugural ICC Twenty20 World Cup tournament was held in 2007. The formation of Twenty20 leagues in India – the unofficial Indian Cricket League, which started in 2007, and the official Indian Premier League, starting in 2008 – raised much speculation in the cricketing press about their effect on the future of cricket.[23][24][25][26]

Historical sources
"First-class cricket" was not officially defined until May 1894 and became effective from the start of the 1895 English cricket season.[27] Cricket of a recognised "first-class standard" had, however, been recorded in England for two centuries before then, and in other countries from the middle of the 19th century. There is no official term for cricket of this high standard before 1895 and many loose terms were used for convenience including "first-class" itself and other adjectives like "major", "great" and "important".[27] It is generally agreed by the main historical sources that the earliest known example of what was contemporarily called a "great match" was the one played for fifty guineas in June 1697 between two eleven-a-side teams at an unspecified location in Sussex.[6] It is entirely feasible, and is indeed believed by some historians, that major matches were played for many years before 1697.[28][29] In 1695, the English Parliament decided against a renewal of the 1662 Licensing Act and so cleared the way for a free press on the Act's expiry in 1696.[30] The main reason for matches before 1697 being unknown is that, while the Licensing Act was in force, it effectively imposed censorship upon the press and sport was not deemed to be a suitable subject for newspaper coverage. After the restrictions were removed, sport was gradually introduced into the newspapers but it would be decades before coverage became anything substantial, let alone comprehensive.[30]

From 1895, there is no question about first-class status because of the official definition.[27] The concept became global from 1947 when it was re-defined by the ICC, although there has been hardly any controversy about match status outside Great Britain before 1947.[31] Status of limited overs matches, which began in 1963, is governed by the official List A categorisation and there are similarly no issues about major Twenty 20 matches. Although the experts are in general agreement about match status, there have been exceptions although these account for a tiny percentage of the total number of matches recorded. Apart from one tour of India and Ceylon by a privately-organised team in the winter of 1930–31, all the "disputed" matches took place in England before 1895: see Variations in published cricket statistics for further information.

The list below is by no means exhaustive, but the works included are widely held in cricketing circles to be significant and substantial sources of information about the development of the sport from the end of the 17th century to the commencement of officially defined first-class cricket in 1895. These are widely used to determine the status of individual matches, teams, venues and players. In a more general sense, all of the sources listed in Bibliography of cricket, though again this is not an exhaustive list, are reliable but it should be noted that autobiographies and other works with a narrow scope are not necessarily suitable, certainly not if used in isolation, to determine match status.

Books and other printed works
ACS (1982). A Guide to First-Class Cricket Matches Played in the British Isles. Nottingham: ACS.
ACS (1981). A Guide to Important Cricket Matches Played in the British Isles 1709 – 1863. Nottingham: ACS.
Altham, H. S. (1962). A History of Cricket, Volume 1 (to 1914). George Allen & Unwin.
Arlott, John (1984). Arlott on Cricket. Collins. ISBN 0-563-16115-9.
Ashley-Cooper, F. S. (1900). At the Sign of the Wicket: Cricket 1742–1751. Cricket magazine.
Ashley-Cooper, F. S. (1924). Hambledon Cricket Chronicle 1772–1796. Jenkins.
Ashley-Cooper, F. S. (1929). Kent Cricket Matches 1719–1880. Gibbs & Sons.
Barclays (1986). Swanton, E. W., ed. Barclays World of Cricket. Willow Books. ISBN 0-00-218193-2.
Birley, Derek (1999). A Social History of English Cricket. Aurum. ISBN 1-85410-710-0.
Bowen, Rowland (1970). Cricket: A History of its Growth and Development. Eyre & Spottiswoode.
Buckley, G. B. (1935). Fresh Light on 18th Century Cricket. Cotterell.
Buckley, G. B. (1937). Fresh Light on pre-Victorian Cricket. Cotterell.
Guha, Ramachandra (2001). A Corner of a Foreign Field – An Indian History of a British Sport. Picador.
Harte, Chris (1993). A History of Australian Cricket. Andre Deutsch. ISBN 0 233 98825 4.
Haygarth, Arthur (1862). Scores & Biographies, Volume 1 (1744–1826). Lillywhite. ISBN 1-900592-23-1. (also volumes 2 to 14, covering the 1827 to 1878 seasons)
James, C. L. R. (1963). Beyond A Boundary. Hutchinson. ISBN 0822313839.
Lillywhite, Fred (1949). The Guide to Cricketers (annual). Lillywhite. (annual review – seasons 1849 to 1866)
Lillywhite, James (1872). James Lillywhite's Cricketers' Annual (Red Lilly). Lillywhite. (annual review – seasons 1871 to 1899)
Lillywhite, John (1865). John Lillywhite's Cricketer's Companion (Green Lilly). Lillywhite. (annual review – seasons 1864 to 1884)
Major, John (2007). More Than A Game. HarperCollins.
Maun, Ian (2009). From Commons to Lord's, Volume One: 1700 to 1750. Roger Heavens. ISBN 978 1 900592 52 9.
Maun, Ian (2011). From Commons to Lord's, Volume Two: 1751 to 1770. Martin Wilson. ISBN 978 0 9569066 0 1.
McCann, Tim (2004). Sussex Cricket in the Eighteenth Century. Sussex Record Society.
Mote, Ashley (1997). The Glory Days of Cricket. Robson.
Nyren, John (1998). Mote, Ashley, ed. The Cricketers of my Time. Robson.
Pycroft, James (1854). The Cricket Field (2nd edition). Longman.
Rae, Simon (1998). W. G. Grace: A Life. Faber & Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-17855-1.
Underdown, David (2000). Start of Play. Allen Lane. ISBN 0-7139-9330-8.
Waghorn, H. T. (1899). Cricket Scores, Notes, etc. (1730–1773). Blackwood.
Waghorn, H. T. (1906). The Dawn of Cricket. Electric Press.
Webber, Roy (1960). The Phoenix History of Cricket. Phoenix.
Webber, Roy (1951). The Playfair Book of Cricket Records. Playfair Books.
Wilson, Martin (2005). An Index to Waghorn. Bodyline.
Wynne-Thomas, Peter (1997). From the Weald to the World. Stationery Office Books.
Examples of substantial season-specific sources
Wisden. Pardon, Charles, ed. Wisden Cricketers' Almanack, 27th edition (1890 ed.). London: John Wisden & Co. Ltd.
Wisden. Pardon, Sydney, ed. Wisden Cricketers' Almanack, 32nd edition (1895 ed.). London: John Wisden & Co. Ltd.
Wisden. Preston, Hubert, ed. Wisden Cricketers' Almanack, 85th edition (1948 ed.). London: John Wisden & Co. Ltd.
Playfair. West, Peter, ed. Playfair Cricket Annual, 1st edition (1948 ed.). London: Playfair Books.
Examples of substantial subject-specific sources
Hodgson, Derek (1989). The Official History of Yorkshire County Cricket Club. The Crowood Press. ISBN 1852232749.
Kilburn, J. M. (1970). A History of Yorkshire Cricket. Stanley Paul. ISBN 0091011108.

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Start Never Seen Awesome Cricket Videos

13 Cricket Records That May Never Be Broken

TENDULKAR’S INTERNATIONAL MATCHES, RUNS AND HUNDREDS: Sachin Tendulkar has amassed a mountain of batting records. He has 15,921 Test runs with 51 hundreds in 200 matches, 18,426 ODI runs with 49 hundreds in 463 matches, and each of these numbers is unlikely to be topped

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List of One Day International cricket records

Listing criteria

Listing notation

Team records

Team wins, losses, ties, and no results

Result records

Greatest win margin (by runs)

Greatest win margin (by balls remaining)

Most consecutive wins

Most consecutive defeats

Team scoring records

Highest innings totals

Highest match aggregate

Highest runs in successful chasing

Lowest innings totals

Individual records

Individual records (batting)

Most career runs

Highest individual scores

Highest individual score in chronological order

Highest career average

Highest strike rates

Most centuries

Most fifties

History Of The Indian Cricket Team

Pre-independence

Post Independence

International Tournaments

Recent history

History Of Cricket in India to 1918

History of cricket in India to 1918

Beginnings

Early developments

Beginning of first-class cricket

Domestic cricket

Bombay Presidency winners

Bombay Triangular winners

Leading players by season

International cricket

International tours of India

G. F. Vernon's XI 1889–90

Lord Hawke's XI 1892–93

Further reading

Icc Cricket World Cup

Start Never Seen Awesome Cricket Videos

History Of Cricket

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