Department Of Chemical Engineering

Cerdas dan Cermat Dalam Memilih Mesin Pendingin (AC)

2017-10-19T06:38:00.000-07:00

PT. DAIKIN INDONESIA

[Kalau AC Ya Daikin] Salam blogger sobat pembaca, akhir-akhir ini banyak sekali bermunculan produk-produk mesin pendingin (AC) di pasaran bebas. Tentunya ini akan sangat membingungkan bagi kita dalam memilih produk AC, mengingat variasi produk yang sangat banyak dengan berbagai spesifikasi. Ketika kita hendak membeli AC tentunya kita sesuaikan dengan ruangan yang akan kita pasangi AC, oleh karena itu kita harus cerdas dalam memilih AC yang sesuai dengan ruangan kita. Misalnya ruangan-ruangan yang sering menggunakan AC adalah perkantoran, hunian dan industry.

Dalam memilih AC tentunya kita tidak hanya tinjau dari kapasitasnya dalam beroperasi, namun juga kita tinjau dari segi design ACnya, sehingga enak di pandang dan nyaman di rasakan. AC yang mahal belum tentu memiliki spek yang bagus dari segi operasi maupun dari segi kehematanya. Oleh karenanya AC Daikin hadir untuk memberikan solusinya. AC Daikin memiliki keunggulan utama dari segi Kenyamanan dan Hemat Energy. Kenyamanan pada AC sudah mewakili suasana pada suatu ruangan, misalnya walaupun hunian kita sederhana, minimalis dan berada di tengah perkotaan, jika di gandengkan dengan AC Daikin, tentunya akan memiliki rasa yang berbeda. Dengan adanya AC Daikin seolah-olah kita berada di taman yang menyejukan.

Efek kenyamanan memang sudah menjadi harga mati yang harus di miliki dari suatu produk AC. Para pengembang AC terus meningkatkan kualitas AC dari segi kenyamanan. Namun seiring dengan peningkatan kualitas tersebut, malah membuat AC semakin boros dalam pengopersian dengan kata lain tidak hemat energi. Tentunya ini malah menjadi persoalan baru. Sekarang ini banyak AC yang nyaman namun tidak hemat energy, tentunya hanya akan membuat tagihan listrik kita semakin melambung tinggi. Atau sebaliknya AC yang hemat energy namun ternyata tidak nyaman, ini juga malah membuat penggunanya tidak betah di dalam rumahnya. Berbeda halnya dengan AC Daikin, para pengembang AC Daikin selalu menyelaraskan antara kenyamanan dengan hemat energy. Sehingga menjadikan nilai tambah tersendiri yang harus menjadi pertimbangan dari para konsumen.

Berikut ini adalah beberapa contoh produk AC Daikin yang di sesuaikan dengan ruanganya:

1. HUNIAN

AC Split memberikan solusi pendinginan udara yang canggih untuk ruang interior zona tunggal.	AC Daikin tipe multi-split menawarkan solusi unik untuk setiap pengaturan hunian.
Pemurni udara Daikin dapat menghilangkan alergen dan bau busuk.

2. PERKANTORAN

SkyAir menawarkan fleksibilitas desain yang sesuai untuk setiap pengaturan komersial.	Sistem kendali Daikin menyediakan manajemen fasilitas yang sederhana namun canggih termasuk pencahayaan dan sistem alarm kebakaran untuk bangunan tunggal atau banyak.
Sistem Daikin VRV adalah AC tipe multi-split untuk bangunan komersil yang menggunakan variabel kendali aliran refrigeran.

3. INDUSTRI

Kemasan produk Daikin memiliki pengendalian udara dan suhu yg tepat untuk membantu mempertahankan hasil yg akurat dan kualitas produk.	Air cooled chiller Daikin memberikan kualitas yang tinggi, efisiensi pengoperasian, dan hemat energi.
Water cooled chillers Daikin memberikan kualitas yang tinggi, efisiensi pengoperasian, dan hemat energi.

Bagaimana sobat pembaca dengan AC Daikin? Mantap bukan? AC Daikin memang hadir dengan segala varian, spesifikasi, dan available di segala ruangan. Makanya “Kalau AC ya Daikin” dong sobat pembaca. Semoga dengan uraian di atas membuat sobat semakin cerdas dan yakin memilih produk AC yang berkualitas dan AC hemat energy.

DONATE CAR TO CHARITY CALIFORNIA

2016-11-18T22:41:00.000-08:00

DONATE CAR TO CHARITY CALIFORNIA

Car donations are a great way to help and support those in need without moving. You grant to produce cars for old cars. It is a good alternative for people to get rid of old cars are useless old vehicles. With this gift, helping others.
There is no need to provide a better car for the gift. cracked or broken car can also make a contribution. You also have the option to donate your old car. There are a lot of social communities to make rail and profits. Profit used in social work. After a car donation, you can get your receipt.
There are 20 percent of poor families can not afford a car. They spend a huge budget their income on transport. their social enterprise car or money from your donations. poor families are also happy to get a car or money.
Other benefits of car donation in California to offer free towing. In this mode you do not need to take the car to Car Donation Center. The central authority offers increased. They bring home the car.
To donate a car, you have to provide some important documents such as insurance and registration, and if you do not have a title, the Central offers doubles title. donation centers also provide an opportunity to donate your car.
At the time of taking the car donation center will give you a tax form, which is very important for you as it offers a tax is a tax deduction on your taxes. You can fill out the voter from the form of questions. They submit tax returns.
Donating your car is one of the most rewarding jobs. When you donate a car, you support people who are poor and you seem to other people's lives by helping the poor.
There are a lot of homeless families in California and their children can not go to school. Help people, you will get a great blessing from the mouth of a poor family.
Your thoughts are better than others and your car donation will be a blessing from God works for you.

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Mesothelioma Law Firm

2016-11-18T22:26:00.001-08:00

Medium Mesothelioma Society

The national experience Early, Lucarelli, Sweeney & Meisenkothen has represented mesothelioma victims and their families honestly and effectively for over 40 years.

From the beginning, Lucarelli, Sweeney and Meisenkothen has represented mesothelioma victims and their families faithfully and effectively for over 40 years, the tumor.

For more than four decades, the law firm of early mesothelioma, Lucarelli, Sweeney and Meisenkothen exercise limited asbestos litigation. At that time, ELSM helped thousands of mesothelioma victims get the financial compensation they deserve from injuries caused by asbestos products manufactured and sold through the negligence of asbestos companies.

In this section, you can learn more about our company, our experienced legal team and the outstanding results we have achieved for our clients. We are confident that after knowing more about us, the customers we serve, and our past record you will see how we can put our decades of experience to earn mesothelioma colonies to work for you and your family.

The initial early consultations, Lucarelli, Meisenkothen Sweeney and are always free and designed to help us assess your health and measure your chance for a viable, successful pursuit. We answer any questions you may have about the process completely at this time. In addition, since Lucarelli, Sweeney and Meisenkothen operate on a contingency basis from the beginning, the customer pays nothing if we do not get into your account and the funds can be recovered.

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Online Degrees Available at Stanford University

2016-09-30T02:22:00.000-07:00

Online Degrees Available at Stanford University

School Accreditation: WASC WSCUC

Programmatic Accreditation: ABET,

School Type: Private, Non-Profit

Undergraduate Tuition: $43,683

Graduate Tuition: $43,245

Visit College Website

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Aeronautics and Astronautics MS Degree
Biomedical Informatics MS Degree
Chemical Engineering MS Degree
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Computational and Mathematical Engineering MS Degree
Computer Science MS Degree-Artificial Intelligence
Computer Science MS Degree-Biocomputation
Computer Science MS Degree-Computer and Network Security
Computer Science MS Degree-Database Systems
Computer Science MS Degree-Human-Computer Interaction
Computer Science MS Degree-Numerical Analysis/Scientific Computation
Computer Science MS Degree-Real-World Computing
Computer Science MS Degree-Software Theory
Computer Science MS Degree-Systems
Computer Science MS Degree-Theoretical Computer Science
Electrical Engineering MS Degree
Materials Science and Engineering MS Degree
Mechanical Engineering MS Degree
Statistics MS Degree

Certificate & Diplomas (36)

Advanced Project Management Certificate
Advanced Software Systems Graduate Certificate
Advanced Structures and Failure Analysis Graduate Certificate
Artificial Intelligence Graduate Certificate
Biodesign Graduate Certificate
Bioinformatics Graduate Certificate
Biotechnology Graduate Certificate
Certificate in Novel Writing
Clinical Research Informatics Graduate Certificate
Communication Systems Graduate Certificate
Cyber Security Graduate Certificate
Data Mining and Applications Graduate Certificate
Data, Models and Optimization Graduate Certificate
Databases Graduate Certificate
Decision Analysis Graduate Certificate
Design for Customer Value and Market Success Graduate Certificate
Electronic Circuits Graduate Certificate
Energy Engineering and Technologies
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Financial Risk Analysis and Management Graduate Certificate
Foundations in Computer Science Graduate Certificate
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Micro/Nano Systems and Technology Graduate Certificate
Mining Massive Data Sets Graduate Certificate
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University of Leicester

2016-09-29T16:13:00.000-07:00

Whether in the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia or Lebanon, managers have to be a user with multitasking. You have to understand how to motivate staff and how to get the best performance from the population. How to market their products or services and meet the needs of their clients. How to implement processes and systems, and how to manage budgets and understand the impact that financial performance. Strategic decision is important that you understand how all of this activity is in the context of a rapidly changing global market. You can follow the appropriate path, such as an MBA in the Middle East and Levant business managers to improve the way they treat to see the responsibilities on the road.

If you are a resident in Dubai and the Middle East, and participate in distance MBA at the University of Leicester, will make a significant investment in your future. Your decision to participate in distance learning MBA is one of the most important decisions you will ever make. If you need a first-class academic standards, ready to be called into question some of the assumptions you basic guidelines, and we are prepared for the work involved, you will see a master's program in business administration studies the experience exciting and rewarding to be.

Vergabestelle

University of Leicester

The University of Leicester University of the Year 2008-9, and ranked in the top 2% of universities worldwide. 2ND 2010 to study business and management space and occupied Guardian regularly ranked in the top 20 in other countries including the main table Tables High Times and Sunday Times.

2007-2013 Times Higher Award winner.

mod

It offered an MBA program in distance learning via the Internet, and with support from the University of Leicester portal panel.

the period

Training programs reviewed in the next 24 months, but this can be extended to accommodate up to four years for your individual needs.

conditions for acceptance

• Bachelor's degree from an accredited institution and equivalent to an honors degree in the United Kingdom or qualifying work experience may be accepted professional at least 3-5 years relevant

• Ownership of the University of Leicester MBA University of Leicester or professional degree in management.

• Fluency in English - IELTS of 6.5 with 7.0 in writing or TOEFL 250 (computer) / 575 (paper) / 90 (IBT) or

• If you want to have and use any level, you need at least 10 years to prove the relevant administrative experience.

special

• Employee Relations

• Financial

• Information Technology Management

• marketing

• Quality Management

6 Online MBA Programs in Singapore

2016-09-29T15:52:00.000-07:00

Getting a master's degree in Business Administration (MBA) and reach to meet the needs of the graduate program in the College of Business Administration. Many schools offer full-time or part-time or online option for obtaining a degree in Business Administration.

after two years of specialized study, advanced topics include Master of Business Administration (MBA) graduate business, management, finance, and accounting. You can have a Master of Business Administration graduates have a competitive advantage over other applicants for jobs in the labor market to provide competitively.

Since all online courses are the student does not need to be present in the classes. the tight schedule might not like lessons online income. Students can work and perform tasks when ready and the staff is rhythm. In many courses, online degree and electives should not take it if it is not necessary especially for students. This allows students to zero, especially considering what they need to learn for their business. For many students who have the spirit of the most important information, to view an online degree is the work are very good that this approach will save time and help you score the faster students.

Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore is a Southeast Asian island city-state at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, located 137 kilometers north of the Equator. There are a number of foreign universities, business schools and specialized institutions such as universities configuration Asia in Singapore.

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Online Master of Business Administration (MBA)

2016-09-14T02:55:00.000-07:00

Online Master of Business Administration (MBA)
2016 Start median salary: $ 54.435; many industries involve starting salaries significantly higher (US News & World Report).

According to company Recruiters Survey 2012 and the Graduate Management Admissions Graduate Survey 2012 Global Management Education Council, 62% of recent MBA graduates have a job after graduation.

An often MBA degree offers career opportunities, creating a more rewarding career and a higher salary. Online MBA programs usually contain basic courses on topics such as economics, finance, information systems, accounting, marketing and management.

MBA programs also cover management skills, human resources management and leadership. The programs typically involve case studies. Normally, the online MBA programs take two years to complete, but some programs can be completed in just one year.

MBA specialties include computer and information security, administration, health, marketing, applied computer science, management information systems, engineering and technology management, environmental management and international business

College and University Cost Index: Paying for Education

2016-09-13T20:50:00.001-07:00

Department of Chemical Engineering--College and university degree is expensive, which represents a significant investment in time and money. So how do you know that you get a good deal? As with any major purchase, you need to understand the market value of what you buy.

It is suitable to represent the cost of higher education with dollar signs, and a lot of evidence, and a way to travel and represent the costs of restaurants and hotels. Cost Index below, we give examples of schools at all levels of cost,. Along with the 2013-14 actual tuition plus fees

Since the cost of a full-time study (including two semesters) and the general cost of living (food, housing, transport), which can add significantly to the cost of training. Here's a hint:

$ = $ 5,000 or less (Santa Barbara City College, $ 1.400)
$ + = $ 10,000 (Iowa State University, $ 8.100)
$$ = $ 15,000 (University of Virginia, $ 12.400)
$$ + = $ 20,000 (Regent University, $ 16.100)
$$$ = $ 25,000 (Hillsdale College, $ 22.890)
$$$ + = $ 30,000 (Calvin College, $ 28,000)
$$$$ = $ 35,000 (Baylor University, $ 32.700)
$$$$ + = $ 40,000 (Ithaca College, $ 38.400)
$$$$$ = $ 45,000 (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, $ 43.200)
$$$$$ + = $ 50.0000 (Columbia University, $ 49.100)
$$$$$$ = More than $ 50,000 (Sarah Lawrence College, $ 51.300)

All here, the increase is $ 5,000. As of this writing in 2014, and very expensive schools, the highest in about $ 50,000 a year.

Keep listed two things in mind, the cost here: between the state and the state teachers at public schools First, there is a big difference. For example, the University of Iowa $ + school for Iowa residents, but the lessons for the state outside students come to $ 27,000 is the $ make $$ + school for non-residents. Generally lessons outside the state is about three times the tuition in the state.

is to keep another thing in mind that schools can offer scholarships and assistance programs to reduce significantly student costs. For example, if you can get a scholarship for athletics that your costs to reduce by half, or even to zero. Granting scholarships and assistance programs for low-income families can also reduce costs. Although most students have to pay out of pocket, so that these costs have an idea of the actual number of costs that may occur.

At the Adjust online schools in this manual? traditional colleges and universities from the campus that more programs are available on the internet, and these are usually the price is the same software that. the students on campus For schools that solely focus on online education, its costs are usually in the range of + $$ to $$.

Find scholarships online to students, click here.

This "restaurant guide" approach to represent the cost of higher education is helpful because even if tuition fees are usually every year the number of dollar sign with a school not to increase, the once adjusted inflation tends the same over the years to stay. And Sarah Lawrence College has always been a mark of six dollars ($$$$$$) school and most cities and community colleges remained always a single school-dollar sign ($).

Inflation was much higher education costs as the prices of typical goods and services. The German government expects inflation through its consumer price index. Here is a diagram comparing the consumer price index, which the price index has been called for higher education. It shows that the annual inflation in education costs is approximately twice as large ordinary inflation.
Although this scheme a few years ago is still the same trend to this day. Tuition fees now, in 2014, are 12 times what they were 35 years ago. but ordinary inflation is less than 4 times what it was 35 years ago.

So if you are a parent thinking of saving for the education of your children, you need to invest your money where the returns well ahead of normal inflation. This can be a challenge.

Because money in pursuit of college and university degree is a major concern for most of us, we use our cost index not only to describe the approximate annual cost of study programs, but also to compare the different types of program costs. This will help you determine whether you get value for your money. the cost of higher education are highly variable, and pay more do not have to get to.

The above data describe traditional classroom on campus. Price estimates information from the Ministry of Education of the United States with and are calculated on the basis of a year, the status of a full-time student. Full-time status as 24 hours of credit per year (usually 8 courses over 2 semesters) for students and 18 credit hours per year (usually 6 courses over 2 semesters) for students.

Petroleum Refining in Nontechnical Language, Fourth Edition 4th Edition (big sale)

2016-09-02T08:31:00.000-07:00

Processing units used in refineries

• crude oil distillation unit: distilled crude oil, which goes into various fractions for further processing.
• vacuum distillation unit; then distill the oil sump crude oil distillation unit lower.
• Naphtha Unit: uses hydrogen to desulfurize naphtha fractions, oil filtering
or other units in the screening filters.
• wake unit pemangkin origin: Naphtha desulfurization molecules with high octane buy
Reformate to produce components petrol or petrol ready products.
• Unit pengalkilan: buy isobutane and butylene to alkylate, which is a part rather than a very high octane
such as petrol or petrol final product.
• isomerization: as usual linear molecules such as pentane branched into high octane
mengadun petrol molecules in the final product. Also used the usual linear butane exchange
Isobutane for use in the alkylation unit.
• distillate hydrotreating unit: use another hydrogen for desulfurization of crude oil distillates
oil distillation unit (such as diesel oil).
• Merox (mercaptan oxidation) or the same unit: Desulfurization of LPG, kerosene or fire with an undesirable substance mengoksidakan
Mercaptans to organic Disulfides.
• Amine nurse gas, Claus-unit and ekzos maintainability than hydrogen sulfide gas redeem from
Hydrotreating in final element sulfur products.
• Pemangkin liquid cracking (FCC) unit: Increased heavy fractions of crude oil higher-boiling
Processing through them more easily and with low boiling takat to vary the most valuable products.
• hydro Unit: using hydrogen into heavier fractions stage, screening and rising crude oil
vacuum device into lighter products, refining precious.
• visbreaker unit increase in heavy oil refining unit Haba tray of empty crack in
Product is valuable rejected kelikatan.
• coking procrastination and liquids Coker: replace oil tray is exaggerated in the final product in the case of oil everywhere
as well as naphtha and gas oil by-products.

Auxiliary facilities required in refineries

• steam reforming unit: Check the original gas with hydrogen at hydrotreating and / or
Hydrocracker.
• acid water extraction unit: use wap emit hydrogen sulfide gas from different
further sulfur of the final product in the flow of residual water Claus exchange unit.
• tower factory tools such means of cooling water circulation, penjana wap,
system controlled air escort for pneumatic valves and electrical pencawang instrument.
• air collecting water waste and API separators care system has dissolved
Flotation (DAF) units and some type of further treatment (such as activated sludge
biotreater) use of wastewater by origin or dilupuskan.
• liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) propane storage tanks and similar material fire gas pressure
sufficient to perpetuate in liquid form. They typically send or ball
(Ships with flat rounded tip).
• the reservoir oil and the product is ready, usually vertical, cylindrical vessel with
a kind of liberation and wap escort by a berm surrounding Gili containing liquid
spill.

Refine the final product
The final product produced by the major petroleum refining can be divided into four categories:
light distillates, middle distillates, heavy distillates and others.
light distillate
• liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
• gasoline (also known as petrol)
• kerosene
• Jet fuel and other aircraft fuel.
middle distillates
• diesel fuels automotive and rail-road
• residential heating fuel
• Fuel in other states
heavy distillates
• Heavy oil
• Bunker fuel oil and heavy fuel oil, other
other
Most are not prepared in all refineries.
• Special petroleum naphtha
• Special solvent
• Elemental sulfur and sulfuric acid sometimes
• petrochemical raw materials
• Asphalt and tar
• petroleum coke
• lubricants
• wax and grease
• transformer oil and cable
• soot

Petroleum Refining in Nontechnical Language, Fourth Edition 4th Edition

About the Author

William L. Leffler received his BS from M.I.T. and masters and doctorate degrees in business administration from New York University. Following his career with Royal Dutch/Shell in the upstream, downstream, and petrochemicals business, he became a writer and consultant. He has authored multiple PennWell titles including the bestselling Petroleum Refining in Nontechnical Language (2000), Petrochemicals in Nontechnical Language (2001), and Deepwater Petroleum Exploration & Production: A Nontechnical Guide (2003).

Product Details

Hardcover: 270 pages
Publisher: PennWell Corp.; 4 edition (November 13, 2008)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 1593701586
ISBN-13: 978-1593701581
Product Dimensions: 0.8 x 6.2 x 9.2 inches
Shipping Weight: 1.2 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)
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Chemical Engineering Design, Second Edition: Principles, Practice and Economics of Plant and Process Design 2nd Edition (Big Sale)

2016-09-01T16:26:00.000-07:00

Department Of Chemical Engineering--Chemical engineering design is a full course text for students of chemical engineering. He wrote a cycle of great design, also suitable for introduction to chemical engineering course, which covers the basics of operating units and new aspects of the design process, the selection of equipment, machinery and operating economy, safety and loss prevention. It is a book that students will want to save through university education and in their careers.

New in this version:

The revised organization to Part I: the design process, and the second part: design factory. Themes extensive first part is the development of a flow chart, economic analysis, and safety and environmental effects and improved. The second part contains chapters on the design and selection of equipment that can be used as a supplement to the lecture sessions or referrals are very important to students or engineers working practices in design projects.
Discussion of new design and construction of the plant flowsheet design concept and reform
A significant increase in coverage estimates capital costs, operating costs and economic
new chapters in the selection of equipment, reactor design and solid handling operations
A new section in fermentation, adsorption, membrane separation, ion exchange chromatography
payments increased protection, food and medicines and biological processes processing
I checked all the chapters in the second part of the equipment and modernization of existing information
Reload exist laws and standards for the United States, including API, ASME and ISA design code and ANSI standards
Additional examples and work problems home
The most complete and up to date coverage of election equipment
108 business projects a realistic range of industrial design
I work to help learning the strict education, with detailed examples at the end of chapter exercises, in addition to supporting data and calculations Excel spreadsheets in addition to more than 150 patent documentation, to download it from his site
Resource manager and spacious 1170 lecture slides as well as solutions work perfectly prepared guidelines for teachers to adopt

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Terms/Glossary in chemical engineering (part-3)

2016-09-01T07:14:00.000-07:00

Department of Chemical Engineering - In chemical engineering a lot of terms are in use and which are mainly foreign terms, difficult to understand. Therefore in need of guidance. And almost every chemical engineering books contain many foreign terms, whether it's a book in the Indonesian version let alone the original version, or the original version (foreign language).

So that on create a dictionary, but for dictionaries in the world of the chemical engineer, petroleum, mining, gas and petrochemical processes, all in the English version, so different from Indonesian-English dictionary, because these terms are translated in the form of the translation. Therefore, I will discuss terms considered often appears either when attending lectures or already go directly to the industrial world. Again this is important because it will involve process tools in use within the industry.

BUY BOOK FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (BIG SALE)

Alfred Nobel: A Swedish inventor, businessman, and famous posthumous philanthropist (1833–1896). He developed the mercury percussion detona- tor (1863) and numerous other advances in explosives technology to make blasting safer and easier. He made a lot of money, which he left in his will to provide prizes for people whose work had been of great benefit to humanity and economists. See Nobel Prize.

ALG: Algerian.

Algae: Microscopic plants that contain chlorophyll and live floating or sus-

pended in water. They also may be attached to structures, rocks, or other

similar substances. Algae produce oxygen during sunlight hours and use

oxygen during the night hours. Their biological activities appreciably affect

the pH and dissolved oxygen of the water.

Algal Bloom: Sudden, massive growths of microscopic and macroscopic

plant life, such as green or blue-green algae, which develop in lakes and

reservoirs.

Algicide: Any substance that will kill algae.

Aliphatic: Carbon and hydrogen compounds that may be branched or straight

chained. Aliphatics may be paraffin (saturated) or olefinic (unsaturated).

Aliphatic Hydrocarbon: (1) Hydrocarbons in which the carbon atoms are

arranged in open chains that may be straight or branched. (2) Organic hydro-

carbon compounds in which the carbon atoms are joined in open chains,

as opposed to ring structures of aromatic and naphthenic compounds.

Examples are ethane, propane, and butane. Many are building blocks for

petrochemicals.

Aliquot: Portion of a sample.

Alkali: (1) Any of certain soluble salts, principally of sodium, potassium,

magnesium, and calcium, that combine with acids to form neutral salts and

may be used in chemical processes such as water or wastewater treatment.

Examples include calcium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, and sodium bicar-

bonate. (2) A strongly basic solution.

Alkali Metal: A strongly basic metal such as sodium or potassium.

Alkaline: (1) The condition of water or soil that contains a sufficient amount of alkali substances to raise the pH above 7.0. (2) Forming or containing an alkali, and by extension, any base. Strictly speaking, an alkali is the hydroxide or carbonate salt of an element in the first two columns of the periodic table (those unstable alkali and alkaline earth metal things). (3) Basic or pH over 7.

Alkaline Flooding: Large-scale injection of pH > 7 fluids. The basic materi- als may react with oils to form reactants that can reduce viscosity or affect wetting.

Alkalinity: The capacity of water or wastewater to neutralize acids. This capacity is caused by the water’s content of carbonate, bicarbonate, hydrox- ide and occasionally borate, silicate, and phosphate. Alkalinity is expressed in milligrams per liter of equivalent calcium carbonate. Alkalinity is not the same as pH because water does not have to be strongly basic (high pH) to have a high alkalinity. Alkalinity is a measure of how much acid must be added to a liquid to lower the pH to 4.5.

Alkane: (1) Carbon compound containing only carbon and hydrogen and single bonds only. (2) Straight or branched chain hydrocarbons with single- bonded carbon atoms. Describes most oils.

Alkanoic Acid: The proper IUPAC term for what we typically call carboxylic acids.

Alkenes: (1) Carbon compounds containing carbon and hydrogen incorpo- rating one or more double bonds. (2) Straight or branched chain chemicals with some double bonds between carbons.

Alkyd: A resin formed by reaction of polyhydric alcohols and polybasic salts. Saturated or unsaturated oils or fats are involved.

Alkylate: The product of an alkylation reaction. It usually refers to the high- octane product from alkylation units. This alkylate is used in blending high- octane gasoline.

Alkylation: (1) A refining process for chemically combining isobutane with olefin hydrocarbons (e.g., propylene, butylene) through the control of tem- perature and pressure in the presence of an acid catalyst, usually sulfuric acid or hydrofluoric acid. The product, alkylate, an isoparaffin, has high- octane value and is blended with motor and aviation gasoline to improve the antiknock value of the fuel. (2) A refinery process for chemically combining isoparaffin with olefin hydrocarbons. The product, alkylate, has high-octane value and is blended with motor and aviation gasoline to improve the anti- knock value of the fuel.

Alkyl Halide: A carbon compound containing a covalent bond between a halogen (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine) and an alkane.

Alkyne: Carbon compound containing carbon and hydrogen incorporating one or more triple bonds.

Allocated Pool: A pool in which the total oil or gas production is restricted and allocated to specific wells as defined in a proration agreement.

Allocation: The process of determining ownership of hydrocarbons deliv- ered to the meter or LACT unit on a lease.

Allocation Method: A method of allocating volumes to affected parties when an imbalance occurs.

Allochthonous: Formations transported by fault or similar earth shift movements.

Allogenic: Rock constituents and minerals derived elsewhere from older formations and redeposited.

Allowable: The production limit set on a specific well by a government regu- latory body. Rarely seen.

Allowable Working Pressure or Stress: The maximum stress allowed by code or other agreement or study as a fraction of test pressure. Design pres- sure of the system is related to hoop stress.

Alloy: A composition of two or more metals.

Alluvial Fan: Land counterpart of a river delta. Characteristic of sediments

that have been transported by a fast-moving stream, then dropped out of

the flow as the stream velocity drops as it spreads out. Typical of zones of

heavy water runoff such as those found at the base of mountains in arid and

semiarid climates where flash floods may be seen. Often poorly sorted with

pebble to boulder-sized sediments. Weak cementing typical.

Alluvium: (1) Unconsolidated to well sorted to poorly sorted (gravel to sand

sized) particles transported by water. (2) A deposit of rock materials such as

clay, silt, and sand that have been transported by flowing water.

Alpha Decay: Radioactive decay process where the loss of an alpha particle

from the nucleus lowers the atomic number by two and the atomic mass by four.

Alpha Wave: The initial wave of gravel transport when packing a well with

a deviation over 55°.

Alternate Path Technology: A patented screen design that allows gravel-

packing slurry to flow past an annular bridge point that would normally

stop the placement of gravel.

Alternating Current: Electrical current that reverses direction repeatedly

and rapidly. The change in current is due to a change in voltage that occurs

at the same frequency.

Alternative Fuel: As defined pursuant to the EPACT, methanol, denatured

ethanol, and other alcohols, separately or in mixtures of 85% by volume or

more (or other percentage not less than 70 as determined by the DOE rule)

with gasoline or other fuels, CNG, LNG, LPG, hydrogen, coal-derived liquid

fuels, fuels other than alcohols derived from biological materials, electricity,

or any other fuel determined to be substantially not petroleum and yielding

substantial energy security benefits and substantial environmental benefits.

Alternative Fuel Capability: The on-site availability of a power plant to

burn more than one fuel.

Alternative-Fueled Vehicle: A vehicle either designed and manufactured

by an original equipment manufacturer or a converted vehicle designed to

operate in either dual-fuel, flexible-fuel, or dedicated modes on fuels other

than gasoline or diesel. This does not include a conventional vehicle that is

limited to operation on blended or reformulated gasoline fuels.

Alternative-Fueled Vehicle Converter: An organization (including com- panies, government agencies, and utilities) or an individual who performs conversions involving alternative-fueled vehicles. An AFV converter can convert (1) conventionally fueled vehicles to AFV’s, (2) AFV’s to convention- ally fueled vehicles, or (3) AFV’s to another alternative fuel.

Alum: Aluminum and potassium sulfate compound. Used was water clarifying.

Aluminum Activation Log: An investigation that focuses on aluminum con- tent, an indirect measurement of clay content.

Aluminum Stearate: A mud degasser chemical.

Ambient Air: Surrounding air (usually outdoor air or the air in an enclosure

under study).

Ambient Temperature: (1) Environmental temperature unaffected by other

heat sources, such as radiation from artificial objects. (2) The temperature of

the surroundings, usually an average surface temperature or test surface

temperature.

American Candle: A standard candle whose illuminating power is some-

times employed as a unit in determining this characteristic of kerosene.

Other units are the International and Hefner candles.

American Melting Point: Used for paraffin wax, it is an arbitrary 3°F above

the ASTM D87 test for melting point of paraffin wax.

American National Standards Institute: (1) The coordinating organization

for US federated national standards system. (2) A nonprofit organization

(501(c)3) that administers and coordinates voluntary standardization and

conformity assessment system.

American Petroleum Institute: A trade association and standards orga-

nization that represents the interests of the oil and gas industry. It offers

publications regarding standards, recommended practices, and other indus-

try-related information.

American Society for Testing and Materials: (1) An organization that devel-

ops and publishes technical standards for an extensive range of materials

and products. (2) The ASTM sets standards, quality specifications, and stan-

dard test procedures for determining the quality of petroleum products.

Amide: Any carbon compound containing the functional group –C(O)NH.

Acrylamide, CH2=CH–C(O)NH, is one of the nastiest pieces of work you could hope to come across, but poly(acrylamide) is an innocuous compound found in disposable nappies.

Amination: Use of ammonia–nitrogen by bacteria to form new bacteria.
Amine: (1) Any carbon compound containing the nitrogen bound only to car- bon or hydrogen. The functional group for a primary amine is NH2, for a secondary amine –NH–, and for a tertiary amine nitrogen bound to the three carbon chains. Amino acids are carbon compounds containing both amine and carboxylic acid groups—for example, glycine, NH2–CH2–COOH (biochemists give this compound the symbol (G)). (2) Organic base used in refining opera- tions to absorb acidic gases (H2S, COS, CO2) occurring in process streams. Two common amines are monoethanolamine (MEA) and diethanolamine (DEA).
Amine Unit: A natural gas treatment unit for removing contaminants (H2S, COS, CO2) by the use of amines. Amine units are often skid-mounted, so they can be moved to the site of new gas production. Gas containing H2S and other impurities must be cleaned up before it is acceptable to gas transmis- sion pipelines.

Amino Acid: A carbon compound containing both an amine (NH2) and a carboxylic acid (–C(O)–OH) functional group. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, which can be considered a special case of condensation polymers. Twenty main amino acids are responsible for most of the incredi- ble variation in proteins, and these have been given one-letter symbols (G, Q, V, etc.) by biochemists. An example is glycine, NH2–CH2–COOH (biochem- ists give this compound the symbol [G]).

Ammonia: A colorless, nonflammable, and liquefied gas with a strong smell (NH3); it is easily liquefied by compression or by cooling to about −33°C (−27.4°F). In returning to the gaseous state, it absorbs substantial amounts of heat from its surroundings (i.e., 1 g of ammonia absorbs 327 cal of heat). Because of this property, it is frequently employed as a coolant in refrigerat- ing and air-conditioning equipment; it is used in the manufacture of urea and other fertilizers.

Ammonification: Conversion of organic nitrogen to ammonia–nitrogen resulting from the biological decomposition of organic matter (i.e., dead plant and animal tissue, fecal matter).

Amorphous: Without crystal form.

Amorphous Kerogen: Kerogen that lacks distinct form or shape under

microscopic examination. May describe oil-prone kerogen.

Amortization: (1) Strictly speaking, this is defined as the depreciation of

intangible assets. However, it is commonly used interchangeably with the

term depreciation. (2) Depreciation, depletion, or periodic charge to expense

asset costs (usually capital costs) over a period of time (usually years) subject

to accounting rules.

AMP: See American melting point.

Amp: See Ampere.

Ampacity: The amount of current (measured in amperes) that a conductor

can carry without overheating.

Ampere: Unit of current measurement. The amount of current that will flow through a 1 Ω resistor when 1 V is applied.

to be continued....!

keyword: Glossary, terms, chemical, engineering, chemical engineering, petrolium process, study, basic concept, chemical engineering vocabulary, definition

Important Terms in Chemical Engineering (part-2)

2016-09-01T03:20:00.000-07:00

Adsorption: (1) Not to be confused with absorption, adsorption is the buildup

of a molecule at a surface (such as an oil/water interface). Adsorption generally

occurs because different parts of a molecule have an affinity for the two different

phases on either side of the interface. (2) A physical process in which the mol- ecules of a gas of dissolved substances or of liquids adhere in extremely thin lay- ers to the exposed surface of solid substances with which they come into contact.

Adsorption Band (Seismic): The range of wavelength energy that can be adsorbed by a given formation.

Advanced Turbine Systems: Industrial gas turbines, approximately 5 and

15 MW in capacity, for distributed generation, industrial, and cogeneration

markets; and gas turbines, combined-cycle systems, 400 MW, for large, base-

load, central-station, electric-power generation markets. ATS expectations

are to meet or exceed 60% system efficiencies in the utility market and to

increase efficiencies of industrial turbines by 15%. The new turbines emit far

less nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide, and unburned hydrocarbons than cur-

rent gas turbine systems. See Combined-cycle gas turbine.

Advanced Waste Treatment: Any process of water renovation that upgrades

treated wastewater to meet specific reuse requirements. It may include gen-

eral cleanup of water or removal of specific parts of wastes insufficiently

removed by conventional treatment processes. Typical processes include

chemical treatment and pressure filtration. Also called “tertiary treatment.”

Aeration: (1) Introduction of air. (2) The process of adding air to water. Air

can be added to water by either passing air through water or passing water

through air. In wastewater treatment, air is added to freshen wastewater and

to keep solids in suspension. With mixtures of wastewater and activated

sludge, adding air helps mixing and provides oxygen for the microorgan-

isms treating the wastewater. (3) The introduction of air or gas into a liquid.

Aeration Liquor: Mixed liquor. The contents of the aeration tank includ-

ing living organisms and material carried into the tank by either untreated

wastewater or primary effluent.

Aeration Tank: The tank where raw or settled wastewater is mixed with

return sludge and aerated. The same as “aeration bay,” “aerator,” or “reactor.”

Aerobic: A condition in which dissolved oxygen is present in the aquatic

(water) environment.

Aerobic Bacteria: Bacteria that will live and reproduce only in an environ-

ment containing oxygen that is available for their respiration (breathing),

namely, atmospheric oxygen or oxygen dissolved in water. Oxygen combined

chemically, such as in water molecules (H2O), cannot be used for respiration by aerobic bacteria.

Aerobic Decomposition: Decomposition and decay of organic material in the presence of “free” or dissolved oxygen.

Aerobic Digestion: The breakdown of wastes by microorganisms in the pres- ence of dissolved oxygen. This digestion process may be used to treat only waste-activated sludge, or trickling filter sludge and primary (raw) sludge, or waste sludge from activated sludge treatment plants designed without primary settling. The sludge to be treated is placed in a large aerated tank where aerobic microorganisms decompose the organic matter in the sludge. This is an extension of the activated sludge process.

Aerobic Process: A waste treatment process conducted under aerobic (in the presence of “free” or dissolved oxygen) conditions.

Aeroderivative Turbine: An industrial gas turbine, the design of which is derived from aerospace turbines, generally between 10 and 50 MW.

AFE (Expense): Authority for expenditure on a well (authorized funds for drilling or workover).

AFE (Well Operation): Annular fluid expansion.

AFLAS: A high-temperature seal elastomer.

AFP: Annular friction pressure.

After Closure Analysis: A fracture performance test method.

After Cooler: Heat exchanger for cooling gas after compression.

Aftermarket Conversion: A standard, conventionally fueled, factory-pro-

duced vehicle to which equipment has been added that enables the vehicle

to operate on an alternative fuel.

AFUDC: Allowance for funds used during construction.

AFV: Annular flow valve.

AGA: American Gas Association.

Agate: Siliceous rock with alternating bands of chalcedony and colored

chert.

Agency Service: An arrangement that allows a gas buyer to give an agent

authority to act on the buyer’s behalf to arrange or administer pipeline trans-

portation and/or sales services.

Agglomerates: Larger particles of material made up of small, independent

pieces.

Agglomeration: (1) A concentration process based on the adhesion of pulp

particles to water. (2) Forming larger droplets, bubbles, or particles from

smaller droplets, bubbles, or particles. (3) The grouping, or coming together

of dispersed suspended matter into larger particles, called “iloc,” which set-

tle more rapidly.

Aggregate (Cementing): An essentially inert mixture of particles of a par-

ticular size range.

Aggregate Receipt Points: (1) A hub where different supply sources inter-

sect on a gas pipeline; (2) multiple producer meters entering a pipeline. See

Hub or market center.

Aggregation: Attraction and adherence of clumps of small particles.

Aggregator: (1) Acts on behalf of groups of producers to collect producer

supplies and sell the gas in commingled blocks to end users. Prior to

deregulation, a limited number of aggregators operated. Aggregators do

not take title to the gas but simply find markets and negotiate prices for

pools of producers. Also called core transport agent. (2) Also a firm that

bargains on behalf of a large group of consumers to achieve the lowest

possible price for utilities such as electricity and gas. The firm “aggregates

or combines many smaller customers into one large customer for pur-

poses of negotiation and then purchases the utility commodity on behalf

of the group.”

Aging: The change in physical properties of raw materials that are being stored. They change slowly at room temperature and quicker at higher temperatures.

AHD (Depth): Along hole depth or measured depth.

AHV (Subsea): Anchor handling vessel.

Air: Standard density of dry air, free of CO2 at 0°C, is 1.292 g/L.

Air Blower: A device used to ventilate manholes and lift stations.

Air Can: Buoyancy device on a spar.

Air Changes: Expression of the amount of air movement or air leakage into

or out of a building in terms of the number of building volumes or room

volumes exchanged.

Air Conditioner: Assembly of equipment for the simultaneous control of airution

temperature, relative humidity, purity, and motion.

Air-Conditioning System: Assembly of equipment for air treatment to con-

trol simultaneously its temperature, humidity, cleanliness, and distribution

to meet the requirements of a conditioned space.

Air Cooler: Heat exchanger that produces cooling and/or condensation of

a fluid using a fan-forced flow of ambient air. The fluid flows through the

inner side of a bundle of tubes provided with external fins to increase the

exchange surface.

Air Density: Equal to 0.763 lb/ft3 at standard temperature and pressure.

Air-Dried Basis: Analysis of a coal sample articulated by the moisture con-

tent in equilibrium with the surrounding atmosphere.

Air Drilling: (1) Drilling with air instead of drilling mud (requires diverters

at the surface to handle cuttings and formation fluids). (2) A rotary drilling

technique in which compressed air is used instead of fluids to circulate, or

bring to the surface, bits of rock and other cuttings from the drill bit.

Air Gap: (1) The clearance between the highest water surface that occurs

during the extreme environmental conditions and the underside of the deck.

(2) In plumbing, an unobstructed vertical distance through free atmosphere

between the opening of a pipe or faucet supplying water to a tank and the

water surface of the tank at flood level.

Air Gun: (1) Seismic source for ocean seismic work. (2) Chamber from which

compressed air is released to produce shock waves. The air gun is the most

common technique used for seismic surveys at sea.

Air Handling Unit: Consists of a fan and one or more coils (heating and/

or cooling), filters, mixing boxes, dampers, and their associated controls.

Typically the fan and the coils are mounted within a single cabinet.

Air Hoist: A hoist operated by compressed air; a pneumatic hoist. Air hoists

are often mounted on the rig floor and may be used to lift joints of pipe and

other heavy objects.

Air Injection: An enhanced recovery technique in which air is injected into

the petroleum formation to increase reservoir pressure.

Airlift: (1) A production technique in which an air balance beam pumping

unit is used to lift oil to the surface. (2) A surface piston-driven pumping unit, similar to a beam lift unit. (3) A device for raising liquids by injecting air near the bottom of a riser pipe submerged in the liquid.

Air Pollutant: Any material emitted into the atmosphere either by human activity or natural processes and adversely affecting man or the environment.
Air Pollution: Usually the presence of substances in the atmosphere result- ing either from human activity or natural processes, present in sufficient concentration, for a sufficient time, and under circumstances such as to inter- fere with comfort, health, or welfare of people or the environment.

Air Stripping: Remediation technique to strip volatile contaminants from contaminated groundwater after a spill. It works to oxidize components and to activate bacteria that can digest hydrocarbons.

Air-To-Air Heat Exchanger: Exchanger that transfers heat from an exhaust airstream to a separated supply airstream.

Air Weight: The weight of a string in air without the effect of buoyancy pro- vided by wellbore fluids.

AIS: Annular isolation sleeve.

Akubras: We thought we would put this in because we have met people

from New Zealand who didn’t know what they were and understand that

there are a few New Zealanders in New South Wales. Akubras are a kind of

you beaut hat that all real Ostrayans (e.g., Greg Norman) wear.

AL: Artificial lift.

ALARA: As low as reasonably achievable.

Alarm Point: Preset value of a monitored parameter at which an alarm is

actuated to warn of a condition that requires corrective action.

Albian: The oldest terrain from the Cretaceous period.

Alcohol: (1) The family name of a group of organic chemical compounds

composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. A series of molecules vary in

chain length and are composed of a hydrocarbon plus a hydroxyl group;

CH3–(CH2)n–OH (e.g., methanol, ethanol, and tertiary butyl alcohol). (2) Any chemical compound where the hydroxy functional group –O–H is bound to

a carbon skeleton. You are probably most familiar with the diols (compounds with two hydroxy groups), which are used in the manufacture of polyesters, and the phenols, where a hydroxy group is bound to an arene.

To Be Continued...!

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Abnormally Pressured: A pore pressure higher than a column of seawater for that true vertical depth.
Abnormal Pressure: Pressure outside the normal or expected range.
Abrasion  (Geologic): A form of  mechanical  weathering where loose fragments are transported with water or the wind.
Abrasion (Mechanical): Wearing away by friction.
Abrasive: Particles propelled at a velocity sufficient to cause cleaning or wearing away of a surface.
Abrasive Jetting: A perforating process involving pumping a slurry of liquid and size particles through a nozzle to cut through steel and rock.
ABS: American Bureau of Shipping.
Absolute Ages: Estimation/measurement of age of a formation, fossil, etc., in years before the present.
Absolute Filter Level: A filter rating that purports to set the maximum size of an opening in a filter or the maximum size of the particle that can pass through the filter. The definition varies with use and company.
Absolute Open Flow: The maximum rate that a well can produce atthe  lowest  possible  bottom-hole  pressure  (usually  figured  with  a  gas gradient).
Absolute Open Flow Potential: The theoretical maximum flow that a wellcould deliver with a zero back pressure at the middle of the perforations.
Absolute Permeability: Permeability to a single-phase fluid in a cleaned core.
Absolute Porosity: The percentage of the total bulk volume, that is, pore spaces, voids, or fractures.
Absolute Pressure: (1) The reading of gage pressure plus the atmospheric pressure.  (2)  Gage pressure plus  barometric  or  atmospheric  pressure. Absolute pressure can be zero only in a perfect vacuum. See Pressure, absolute (psia).
Absolute Temperature: Temperature measurement starting at absolute zero (total absence of heat).
Absolute Viscosity: The measure of a fluid’s ability to resist flow without regard to its density. It is defined as a fluid’s kinematic viscosity multiplied by its density.
Absolute Volume: The volume a solid occupies when added to a fluid divided by its weight. m3/kg or gal/lb.
Absolute  Zero:  Zero  point  on  the  absolute  temperature  scale;  equal  to−273.16°C, or 0 K, or −459.69°F, or 0°R.
Absorb: To fill part or all of the pore spaces.
Absorber or Contactor: (1) Equipment in acid gas removal units where neu-tralization reactions of acid gases is achieved using amines or carbonates.(2) A vertical, cylindrical vessel that recovers heavier (longer carbon chain)hydrocarbons from a mixture of lighter hydrocarbons.
Absorptance (Seismic): The ratio of the energy absorbed by a formation inrelationship to the total energy passing through it.
Absorption: (1) The penetration of atoms, ions, or molecules into the bulk mass of a substance. (2) A physicochemical process in which a substance associates with another to form a homogeneous mixture presenting the characteristics of a solution. (3) Not to be confused with adsorption; absorption is one substance that is taken up into the interior of another—adsorption with a “d” is entirely a surface effect. Examples are the swelling of a poly(acrylamide) polymer with aqueous solution (in a disposable nappy) or the dissolution of carbon dioxide in seawater (one of the possible antidotes to global warming that crops up in models of world climate. (4) The disappearance of one substance into another so that the absorbed substance loses its identifying characteristics, while the absorbing substance retains most of its original physical aspects. Used in refining to selectively remove specific components from process streams.
Absorption Gasoline: Gasoline extracted from wet natural gas by putting the gas in contact with oil.
Absorption Oil (Facilities): The wash oil used to remove heavier hydrocar- bons from the gas stream.
Absorption (Processing): The ability of one material to absorb another.
ABS (Plastic): Acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene.
Abyssal: Depositional environment of the deepest areas of the oceans.
Abyssal Plain: Large, flat ocean floor, usually near a continent and usuallyover 4 km (13,100 ft) ss.
AC: See Alternating current.
AC: See Asphalt cement.
ACA: See After closure analysis.
Accelerator (Chemical): A chemical that speeds up the rate of a chemicalreaction. Most common are the accelerators used in cementing.
Accelerator (Drilling): An energy-increasing device, with sudden energyrelease, used in a jarring string while fishing.
Access: A stipulation in contracts allowing market players to charge for theuse of capacity in a pipeline or gas facility.
Accommodation: Place where personnel spend their off-duty time on a rig.

Accommodation Platform/Rig: An offshore platform, or semisubmersible rig,built or adapted to provide living quarters for drilling and production personnel.
Accounting Depreciation: The expense that reflects the use of a capital assetduring a period. This is both a cost in the income statement (representing thecost of using the asset during the year) and a reduction in the value of theasset on the balance sheet. The depreciation is generally charged on a unit ofproduction basis.
Accounting Discount Rate: The discount rate used for the calculation ofdecommissioning provisions.
Accounts Receivable: The value of money due from customers at the balancesheet date relating to oil sales and tariff income.
Accretion: The action of particles forming adhering clumps on pipe.
Accumulated Depreciation: The total depreciation attributable to an assetthat has built up over the lifetime of the asset.
Accumulation (Reservoir): An economic quantity of hydrocarbon trapped in a permeable rock stratum.
Accumulator: The storage device for nitrogen-pressurized hydraulic fluid, which is used in operating the blowout preventers.
Accumulator Precharge: The initial nitrogen charge on a BOP accumulator that is placed before the fluid is pumped in to charge the accumulator.

Accumulator (Pressure Control Device): Canisters of hydraulic fluid, pres- surized with a nitrogen gas cap of sufficient pressure and volume to operate all the rams on a BOP in case of power failure to the BOP.

Accumulator (Processing Plant): A vessel that receives and temporarily stores a liquid used in the feedstock or the processing of a feed stream in a gas plant or other processing facility.
Accuracy: The closeness of agreement between the measured value and the exact value.
Acetaldehyde: This is a good example of a case where the IUPAC system may be logical, but can easily engender no end of confusion.
Acetic Acid: (1) A very weak organic acid used for minor and shallow dam- age removal. Also used as a moderately effective iron precipitation preventer. Vinegar is 4% acetic acid. (2) An organic acid compound sometimes used to acidize oil wells.
ACFM: Actual cubic feet per minute.
Acid: (1) There are three definitions: Those of Arrhenius, Bronsted, andLewis acids. In the Lewis conception, which is the most general and useful,an acid is essentially any compound that needs electrons, and a base is basi-cally any compound that wants to give them away. (2) A reactive materialwith a low pH. Common oil field mineral acids are HCl and HCl/HF.
Acid Brittleness: Low ductility of a metal due to its adsorption of hydrogen. More commonly called hydrogen embrittlement.
Acid Chloride: Take a carboxylic acid and replace the OH group with a chlo- rine atom. What you now have is an acid chloride. Acid chlorides react read- ily with water to regenerate carboxylic acid + HCl.
Acid Effect: The change in pulsed neutron capture created by acidizing a carbonate. Acidizing increases interconnected porosity and strands chlo- rides and other ions in the rock.
Acid Flowback Analysis: Chemical analysis of the acid concentration and other chemical and physical measurements in the returning acid.
Acid Fracture: (1) To fracture stimulate a formation by injecting the acid over the parting pressure of the rock and using the acid to etch channels in the fracture face. (2) To part or open fractures in limestone formations by using fluid under hydraulic pressure.
Acid Gas: (1)A gas that contains compounds such as CO2, H2S, or mercap- tans that can form an acid in solution with water. (2) Group of gases that are found in raw natural gas and are usually considered pollutants. Among them are CO2, H2S, and mercaptans. (3) Any produced gas, primarily H2S and CO2, that forms an acid when produced in water.
Acid Inhibitor: Acid corrosion inhibitor. Slows the acid attack on metal.
Acidity: The capacity of water or wastewater to neutralize bases. Acidity is expressed in milligrams per liter of equivalent calcium carbonate. Acidity is not the same as pH because water does not have to be strongly acidic (low pH) to have a high acidity. Acidity is a measure of how much base must be added to a liquid to raise the pH to 8.2
Acidization: Also referred to as acid treatment. A process whereby acid is squeezed into tight and/or damaged (usually limestone/chalk) reservoirs to improve the flow of hydrocarbons to the well. The acid dissolves a portion of the rock, thereby improving the porosity and permeability characteristics of the reservoir.
Acidize: To treat formations with acid for the purpose of increasing production.
Acidizing a Well: A technique for increasing the flow of oil from a well. Hydrochloric acid is pumped into the well under high pressure to reopen and enlarge the pores in the oil-bearing limestone formations.
Acid Number: A measure of the amount of potassium hydroxide (KOH) needed to neutralize all or part of the acidity of a petroleum product. Also specified as neutralization number (NN) or value (NV) and total acid number (TAN).
Acid Solubility: The percent by weight loss of exposing a sample of material to an excess of acid.
Acid Stick: A solid stick of chloroacetic or sulfamic acid for small-scale removal of acid-soluble deposits.
Acid Stimulation: (1) Form of hydrochloric acid is pumped down well hole to enlarge pore space in oil-bearing rocks to increase flow and recovery. (2) A well stimulation method using acid. See Acidize.
Acid Treating: Process in which unfinished petroleum products, such as gasoline, naphthas, kerosene, diesel fuel, and lubricating oil stocks, are contacted with sulfuric acid to improved their color, odor, and other properties.
Acid Treatment: A refining process in which unfinished petroleum prod- ucts such as gasoline, naphthas kerosene, diesel fuels, and lubricating stocks are treated with sulfuric acid to improve color, odor, and other properties.
Acoustic Basement: Formations below the deepest zones that can be imaged by an acoustic process.
Acoustic Impedance: The velocity of an imposed sound wave (acoustic velocity) through a rock times the density of the rock.
Acoustic Log: (1) Record of time taken by a sound wave to travel over a certain distance through geologic formations. (2) A generic term for a well log that displays any of several measurements of acoustic waves in rocks exposed in a borehole, for example, compressional-wave transmit time over an interval (sonic log) or relative amplitude (cement bond log).
Acoustic Logging: A sonic travel time record of a formation using a tool with an emitter and a detector. Measures porosity and is useful to compare to other porosity logs to estimate pore filling. Also used to generate rock strength evaluations.
Acoustic Travel Time: The total time required for an acoustic wave to travel through a substance.
Acoustic Velocity: Velocity of an imposed sound wave through a rock.

ACQ: See Annual Contract Quantity.
Acquiring Shipper: In the context of capacity release, a shipper who acquiresfirm capacity rights from a releasing shipper. Also known as “replacementshipper.” See Capacity (gas).
Acquisition Log: The raw, real-time recording of data, later formed into adigital or playback log.
Acreage: (1) An area covered by a lease granted for oil and gas exploration.(2) Land leased for drilling exploration. (3) Land leased for oil and gas explo-ration and development; usually descriptive of more than one lease.
Acre-Feet: One acre (43,560 ft2) to a depth of 1 ft.
Acrylamide Polymer: A nonionic polymer (polyacrylamide) used in floccu-lation, clarifying, and even gelling acids and other brines. Very stable, butdifficult to effectively break.
Acrylic: A resin polymerized from one of several sources: acrylonitrile,acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, etc.

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The Young Engineer --- Download Free Dictionary of Oil, Gas, and Petrochemical Processing.
This is a special dictionary for relating to oil, gas and petrochemical industry processes. Surely this dictionary recommended for you who engaged in fine chemical world oil, gas, mining or in industry. Not only for the already plunging into the world of work, this dictionary is also recommended for you who are still in education or college and also great for lecturers guide. And I think a chemical engineer must have a guide that is this dictionary, and the only terms we must be good at english language. because the dictionary is full English. And I think almost all the books in chemical engineering using the English language.
like dictionaries in general, this dictionary is sorted alphabetically, and the translation of the each word in this dictionary described thoroughly, not just a little but described in a complete and easy to understand simple. Furthermore in this dictionary also completed about abbreviations.
Here is an example if you are finding for a word with the prefix letter A

Abnormally Pressured: A pore pressure higher than a column of seawater for that true vertical depth.

Abnormal Pressure: Pressure outside the normal or expected range.

Abrasion (Geologic): A form of mechanical weathering where loose fragments are transported with water or wind.

Abrasion (Mechanical): Wearing away by friction.

Abrasive: Particles propelled at a velocity sufficient to cause cleaning orwearing away of a

Abrasive Jetting: A perforating process involving pumping a slurry of liquidand size particles through a nozzle to cut through steel and rock.

ABS:American Bureau of Shipping.

Absolute Ages: Estimation/measurement of age of a formation, fossil, etc., inyears before the present.

Absolute Filter Level: A filter rating that purports to set the maximum sizeof an opening in a filter or the maximum size of the particle that can passthrough the filter. The definition varies with use and company.

Absolute Open Flow: The maximum rate that a well can produce atthe lowest possible bottom-hole pressure (usually figured with a gasgradient).

Absolute Open Flow Potential: The theoretical maximum flow that a wellcould deliver with a zero back pressure at the middle of the perforations.

Absolute Permeability: Permeability to a single-phase fluid in a cleanedcore.

Absolute Porosity: The percentage of the total bulk volume, that is, porespaces, voids, or fractures.

Absolute Pressure: (1) The reading of gage pressure plus the atmosphericpressure. (2) Gage pressure plus barometric or atmospheric pressure.Absolute pressure can be zero only in a perfect vacuum. See Pressure, absolute(psia).

Absolute Temperature: Temperature measurement starting at absolute zero(total absence of heat).

Absolute Viscosity: The measure of a fluid’s ability to resist flow withoutregard to its density. It is defined as a fluid’s kinematic viscosity multipliedby its density.

Absolute Volume: The volume a solid occupies when added to a fluiddivided by its weight. m3/kg or gal/lb.

Absolute Zero: Zero point on the absolute temperature scale; equal to−273.16°C, or 0 K, or −459.69°F, or 0°R.

Absorb: To fill part or all of the pore spaces.

Absorber or Contactor: (1) Equipment in acid gas removal units where neu-tralization reactions of acid gases is achieved using amines or carbonates.(2) A vertical, cylindrical vessel that recovers heavier (longer carbon chain)hydrocarbons from a mixture of lighter hydrocarbons.

Absorptance (Seismic): The ratio of the energy absorbed by a formation inrelationship to the total energy passing through it.

Accumulation (Reservoir): An economic quantity of hydrocarbon trapped in a permeable rock stratum.

Accumulator: The storage device for nitrogen-pressurized hydraulic fluid, which is used in operating the blowout preventers.

Accumulator Precharge: The initial nitrogen charge on a BOP accumulator that is placed before the fluid is pumped in to charge the accumulator.

For more details, please refer to the review below:

Dictionary on Oil, Gas, and Petrochemical Processing In the industry.
Miscommunication can lead to frustration, making downtime, and even lead to equipment failure. By providing the theory basis for more effective discourse, Dictionary on Oil, Gas, and Petrochemical Processing can help minimize miscommunication.

An important resource for the oil, gas, and professional petrochemical industry, engineers, academic staff, and science and engineering students, Dictionary defines more than 5,000 technical terms and commercial includes exploration, production, processing, refining, pipelining, finance, management, and security. From basic engineering principles to the latest drilling technology, the text covers the basics and their real world applications. Arranged alphabetically for quick reference, contains easy to understand descriptions and figures, as well as oil and gas SI units and metric equivalents. Industry newcomers and personnel without technical background especially benefit from the practical language book that clearly shows the concept behind the definition.

Review of the Dictionary of Oil, Gas, and Petrochemical Processing:

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Free Download E-book for Chemical Engineering "A GUIDE TO WORKING PROCESS EQUIPMENT"

2016-08-28T16:01:00.000-07:00

Assalamualaikum wr buddy engineers, already a few days I did not post on blogs Chem-Eng21.xyz. And on this occasion, I present again to share E-Book on buddy chemistry techniques (only for Chemical engineering). This e-book is free, of course, not in collection cost a penny to have them. different if my friend looking at other web or in online stores like Amazon or the others, which requires you to buy when downloading it, but if in here FREE ...!.
For my previous post regarding the E-book, about
Download Free eBook for chemical engineering Introduction to Electrochemical Engineering

And for now, I will share the title Ebook "A GUIDE TO WORKING PROCESS EQUIPMENT"
This e-book contains a guide for engineers in solving problems, explaining how to diagnose, troubleshoot and fix problems with the chemical and petroleum refining process. Therefore, this book is very important in the industry would have the technicians.
For more details, please refer to the description below

WORKING GUIDE TO PROCESS EQUIPMENT 3rd EDITION-McGrawHill (2008)

Working Guide to Process Equipment

By Norman P. Lieberman

* Publisher: McGraw-Hill Professional
* Number Of Pages: 591
* Publication Date: 2008-04-17
* ISBN-10 / ASIN: 0071496742
* ISBN-13 / EAN: 9780071496742
* Binding: Hardcover

Product Description:
Diagnose and Troubleshoot Problems in Chemical Process Equipment with This Updated Classic!

Chemical engineers and plant operators can rely on the Third Edition of A Working Guide to ProcessEquipment for the latest diagnostic tips, practical examples, and detailed illustrations for pinpointing trouble and correcting problems in chemical process equipment. This updated classic contains new chapters on Control Valves, Cooling Towers, Waste Heat Boilers, Catalytic Effects, Fundamental Concepts of Process Equipment, and Process Safety.

Filled with worked-out calculations, the book examines everything from trays, reboilers, instruments, air coolers, and steam turbines…to fired heaters, refrigeration systems, centrifugal pumps, separators, and compressors. The authors simplify complex issues and explain the technical issues needed to solve all kinds of equipment problems. Comprehensive and clear, the Third Edition of A Working Guide to Process Equipment features:

* Guidance on diagnosing and troubleshooting process equipment problems
* Explanations of how theory applies to real-world equipment operations
* Many useful tips, examples, illustrations, and worked-out calculations
* New to this edition: Control Valves, Cooling Towers, Waste Heat Boilers, Catalytic Effects, and Process Safety

Inside this Renowned Guide to Solving Process Equipment Problems

• Trays • Tower Pressure • Distillation Towers • Reboilers • Instruments • Packed Towers • Steam and Condensate Systems • Bubble Point and Dew Point • Steam Strippers • Draw-Off Nozzle Hydraulics • Pump around and Tower Heat Flows • Condensers and Tower Pressure Control • Air Coolers • Deaerators and Steam Systems • Vacuum Systems • Steam Turbines • Surface Condensers • Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers • Fire Heaters • Refrigeration Systems • Centrifugal Pumps • Separators • Compressors • Safety • Corrosion • Fluid Flow • Computer Modeling and Control • Field Troubleshooting Process Problems

The bottom line of the e-book:
This book has been updated to a newer version
The book is designed specifically for field workers
This book is designed to facilitate pre technicians in industrial plant
The book is made simple, simple and practical
Easier to understand

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Free download ebook for chemical engineering Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook, Eighth Edition by: Don W. Green, Robert H. Perry

2016-08-05T05:57:00.000-07:00

[Department of chemical engineering] Hallo friends, how are you? i hope fine. after yesterday i share material of organic chemistry about Simple material of Hybridization of atoms (organic chemistry), and now i want share about free download handbook for chemical engineering, these handbook special for engineer of chemical and free download without paying. So you must download this handbook/ebook. Name of these book is "Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook, Eighth Edition by: Don W. Green, Robert H. Perry". These handbook very simple because we can bring these book everywhere in form file. Ok friends see good review below.

Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook, Eighth Edition by: Don W. Green, Robert H. Perry

* ISBN-10 / ASIN: 0071422943

* ISBN-13 / EAN: 9780071422949

* Binding: Hardcover

Book Description:
Get Cutting-Edge Coverage of All Chemical Engineering Topics— from Fundamentals to the Latest Computer Applications

First published in 1934, Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook has equipped generations of engineers and chemists with an expert source of chemical engineering information and data. Now updated to reflect the latest technology and processes of the new millennium, the Eighth Edition of this classic guide provides unsurpassed coverage of every aspect of chemical engineering-from fundamental principles to chemical processes and equipment to new computer applications.

Filled with over 700 detailed illustrations, the Eighth Edition of Perry's Chemcial Engineering Handbook features:

* Comprehensive tables and charts for unit conversion
* A greatly expanded section on physical and chemical data
* New to this edition: the latest advances in distillation, liquid-liquid extraction, reactor modeling, biological processes, biochemical and membrane separation processes, and chemical plant safety practices with accident case histories

Inside This Updated Chemical Engineering Guide

Conversion Factors and Mathematical Symbols

• Physical and Chemical Data • Mathematics • Thermodynamics • Heat and Mass Transfer • Fluid and Particle Dynamics Reaction Kinetics • Process Control • Process Economics • Transport and Storage of Fluids • Heat Transfer Equipment • Psychrometry, Evaporative Cooling, and Solids Drying • Distillation • Gas Absorption and Gas-Liquid System Design • Liquid-Liquid Extraction Operations and Equipment • Adsorption and Ion Exchange • Gas-Solid Operations and Equipment • Liquid-Solid Operations and Equipment • Solid-Solid Operations and Equipment • Size Reduction and Size Enlargement • Handling of Bulk Solids and Packaging of Solids and Liquids • Alternative Separation Processes • And Many Other Topics!

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Ok friends i think enough for this nigh i share about Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook, Eighth Edition by: Don W. Green, Robert H. Perry, may be useful for all.

Simple material of Hybridization of atoms (organic chemistry)

2016-07-30T16:59:00.001-07:00

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

hi friends, how are you? i hope you are fine. on this occasion i want to share of course material, about organic chemistry. Hybridization theory of atom is simple material of organic chemistry and in chemical engineering you will find this material on first smester. Actually, the material of hybridization already encountered in high school, but on high school that learned only base baterial.
Ok,below is matter of hybridization of atom

Type of Orbital Atom

Description:

Atom have three types orbital:

1. S orbital

2. P orbital

3. SP orbital

Note:

All the elements in nature have always tended to form of stable state

Noble gas configuration is the most stable elements

Profile

CARBON
Atomic number = 6
Orbitals = 1s2, 2s2, 2p2

NITROGEN
Atomic number = 7
Orbitals = 1s2, 2s2, 2p3

OXYGEN
Atomic number = 8
Orbitals = 1s2, 2s2, 2p4

Orbitals carbon atoms

Hybridization of The Orbitals atom carbon

Hybridization of CARBON
atomic number = 6
Orbitals = 1s2,    2s2, 2p2

  2s    2px 2py 2pz

1s          sp3

Tetrahedral of carbon orbital

The zigzag lines, those are carbon atoms connecting with the sp3 hybrid electrons.

The angles are 109.5°. Even if the lines are drawn straight like the red ones,they are still 109.5°.

OK friends, how about matter of organic chemistry the hibridization of atom? Easy right, so simple material of organic chemistry.

I think enough for material of organic chemistry today, Hopefully useful for all of us.

Thanks,..!

example problems and soloution of trigonometric integral

2016-05-12T08:17:00.001-07:00

Department of Chemcial Engineering - Good night everybody, how are you? hopefully everything in healthy condition:). Ok, in this moment mr.Chem-eng21 want to continue lesson of calculus about integral, and this moment i want to share example problem and solution of trigonometric integral. Yap TRIGONOMETRY, i think trigonometric lesson is one of lesson that difficult for me, but we must try, try and try, so we will can do solving of problem. if we compared with other lesson in calculus, trigonometry is the most difficult, in my opinion. But all of lesson in calculus is easy, if we want to learn in earnest. Ok friend, pay attention to and understand the following sample question!

∫(sin3x + 4cos2x)dx

= ∫sin 3xdx + 4∫cos2xdx

= − 13cos3x + 4.12sin2x + C

= − 13cos3x + 2sin2x + C

∫sec(13Π − 2x)tan(13Π − 2x)dx

= ∫tan( − 2x + 13Π)sec( − 2x + 13Π)dx

= 1 − 2sec( − 2x + 13Π) + C

= − 12sec(13Π − 2x) + C

Ok friends, I think enough for this time for this material, f too much would be difficult to understand.

Good bye, see you again with me in other time,...hopefully this material or sample question useful for everything.

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Prospect in chemical engineering

2016-05-07T17:49:00.000-07:00

Chemical Engineering is engineering science or engineering that studies the processing of raw materials into goods more useful, can be in the form of finished goods or semi-finished goods.
science of chemical engineering applied especially in planning and maintain of chemical process. on a small scale or a large scale such as factory. A engineer of chemical engineering have job for planning and maintain on factory scale, commonly known "process engineer"
Besides, engineer of chemical engineering also related of reseasrch and development of chemical process.

Modern Chemical Engineering
nowadays, chemical engineering involved in the process of product development and production processes are very varied. These products include high working staged material for purposes of aerospace, automotive, biomedical, electronic, environmental, and military. Examples of the resulting product is a very strong fiber, textile materials, adhesives, composite materials for vehicles, material safe for use on implants, and medicine.

Related Fields
The scope of chemical engineering is very broad, covering the fields of biotechnology, nanotechnology, up minerals. The fields that are closely related to chemical engineering, among others, bioprocess engineering (or biochemical techniques), biomedical engineering, biomolecular engineering, chemistry and biotechnology.

Carrier Prospect for Chemical Engineering

1.Chemical Process Plants, Food Processing Plants, Petrochemical Plants, etc.

2.Engineering Services (Design of Chemical Process, Factory Equipment Supplying, Construction Substance Supplying, Chemical Factory Development)

3.Surface Production Facilities at the Oil and Gas Industries and Geothermal Power Plants

4.Government Institution

5.Educational Institution

6.Research Institution

7.Bank

8.Entrepreneurship

9.etc

The main Provision of an engineer is:

1. Knowledge

2. the mental or phsycological attitude that supports

3. Professional ethics

Deference between an Engineer and a Scientist

an Engineer:

1. needs

2. action

3. How?

4. Helpful answers

a scientist:

1. Curiosity

2. the true

3. why?

4. answere 100% true

Tutorial AutoCad 2007 Core/cavity Mold (part-7)

2016-05-07T07:49:00.001-07:00

Hallo friends, how are you today? hopefully everyone in healthy condition. After yesterday i was share matter of calculus-1 about integrals, and now i want to continue lesson about tutorial auto cad 2007. last time i share tutorial auto cad 2007 about turorial autocad 2007 Complex Modeling (part-6), do you still remember this lesson? i think all of you remember it. Actually in chemical engineering lesson auto cad only exist on the first smester. but no problem if we learned. this tutorial is the 7th. Oke brother and sisters understand well the following tutorial!

TUTORIAL 7

Core/Cavity Mold

Learning Objectives

After completing this tutorial, you will be able to:

• Use the new 3D Modeling tools in AutoCAD 2007 for freeform sculpting.

Required Competencies

Before starting this tutorial, you should have been able to:

• Use AutoCAD at an intermediate to advanced level

• Stretch solid faces

The new 3D modeling tools in AutoCAD 2007 allow you to model complex shapes that previously were not possible to model in AutoCAD. This tutorial assumes that the user is completely familiar with creating precise 2D sketches of arcs, lines, polylines, and splines in any location as well as the 3D tools from previous releases.

Core/Cavity Mold

1. Open the file named Toolbody.dwg. Union the two cylinders to the car body.

Figure 1

2. Make new layers named Core and Cavity. Make the Core layer the active layer.

Select the Box command and create a box from the center of one end of one of the cylinders to the diagonal center of another cylinder end. Make the height 75mm

going away from the car body.

Figure 2

3. Holding the Ctrl key select the end of the box and then select the handle in the middle of the face. Stretch the face tracking straight back a distance of 100mm.

Figure 3

4. Turn the parts around and repeat the same procedure on the other end.

Figure 4

5. Union the base to the body.

Figure 5

6. Make the Cavity layer the active layer. Create a Box from corner to diagonal

corner of the base and a height of 125mm.

Figure 6A

7. Read this step carefully before continuing. Turn the assembly over. Copy the Core side in the same location so that there are two core bodies. Then Subtract one of the cores from the Cavity side. Turn off the visibility of the Core layer and the Cavity should look like Figure 7.

Figure 7

8. Turn off the Cavity layer and turn the Core layer back on and make it the active layer.

Figure 8

9. Minimize the Toolbody file and open the Tutorial 6 Toy Car file. Turn on the

Mounting Posts layer.

Figure 9

10. Extrude the four sketch wires with a taper of ‐3° and a distance of 100mm.

Figure 10

11. Read this step carefully. Make a Copy of the car body in the same location.

Subtract the car body from the four posts in one operation.

Figure 11

12. Separate the upper portion of the posts from the lower portion.

Figure 12

13. Delete the upper portion of the posts and then Union the lower posts to the body.

Copy the Car Body to the clipboard with basepoint (0,0,0). Save and close the

file.

Figure 13

14. Paste the car body into the Toolbody in the (0,0,0) location. Save the file, if it is going to crash the next operation is a likely time.

Figure 14

15. Subtract the car body from the core. The subtract operation may take several minutes – and unfortunately on my machine it did not result in the proper geometry with the car body including the mounting posts subtracted from the core.

Figure 15

16. Examine the results carefully. We have removed the material from the core that would be filled with plastic between the two halves of the mold. (Tip: You should have noticed I changed some face colors as we went along – don’t let the changes of colors confuse you.)

Figure 15

Of course there is much more to mold design that what we have done here. We did not consider shrinkage or other parts of the tool.

Substitution in Indefinite Integrals (sample questions and discussion)

2016-05-05T19:28:00.001-07:00

hallo friends, meet again with me mr.Chem-Eng.21, in this moment i want to share about lesson calculus-1 about sustitution in indefinite integrals. in this chance i want to share exercise or example problem of this matter. Ok friends see and understand of this material:

SUBSTITUTION IN INDEFINITE INTEGRALS- If you face up to a indefinite integrals, and if formal form, immediately we get the result. if NO find a substitution that will change become a new form. if on first substitution, we not get the result formal form, we try with another way. if we have long practice , we will get find replacement which true.

EXAMPLES:

1. ∫xcos2(x2)dx.

Completion => formal form ∫sec2udu.if u = x2, du = 2x.dx

Then ∫xcos2(x2)dx = 12∫1cos2(x2).2xdx = 12∫sec2udu

= 12tanu + C = 12tan(x2) + C

2. ∫3√5 − 9x2dx.

Completion => remember of form ∫du√a2 − u2if u = 3x

Then ∫3√5 − 9x2dx = ∫1√5 − u2du = sin − 1(u√5) + C

= sin − 1(3x√5) + C

3. ∫6e1xx2dx

Completion, remember ∫eudu. if u = 1x, so du = ( − 1x2)dx

Then ∫6e1xx2dx = − 6∫e1x( − 1x2dx) = − 6∫eudu

= − 6eu + C = − 6e1x + C

OK friends, so easy ok....haha i think for this time enough, only 3 examples for this moment and for continue example in others time/moment. hopefully this simple matter and simple solution of this problem/example can be help your problem in calculus or useful for all, and thanks for all your attention, and close wassalamualaikum wr,..good bye....

exercise function of integral trigonometry

2016-05-05T15:52:00.000-07:00

Integral Functions Trigonometry:

∫sinudu = − Cosu + C
∫cosu du = sinu + C
∫sec2udu = tanu + C
∫csc2udu = − cotu + C
∫secutanudu = secu + C
∫cscucotudu = − cscu + C
∫tanudu = − ln|cosu| + C
∫cotudu = ln|sin.u| + C

Some form of integration of trigonometry

∫sinnxdx dan ∫cosnx dx

note: that completion of this form, if n is odd integer and positive number. After removing the factor sin x or cos x, then using equation:

sin2 + cos2x = 1, maka sin2x = 1 − cos2x dan cos2x = 1 − sin2x

Contoh :

1. Determine this example to function of integration of trigonometry

∫(sinx + cosx)dx

= ∫sinxxdx + ∫cosxdx

= − cosx + sinx + C

= ∫(3cosx − 2sinx)dx = 3∫cosxdx − 2∫sinxdx

= 3.sinx − 2.( − cosx) = 3sinx + 2cosx + C

= ∫(3cosx − 2sinx)dx = 3∫cosxdx − 2∫sinxdx

= 3.sinx − 2.( − cosx) = 3sinx + 2cos + C

∫sin3xdx = ∫sin2xsinxdx

= ∫(1 − cos2x)sinxdx

= − ∫(1 − cos2x)d(cosx)

= − cosx + 13cos3x + C

Basic material of methodology of research

2016-05-05T07:38:00.001-07:00

How are you friends? hopefully everything is in healthy condition. Ok friends in this moment i want to tell you about or, share about exercises about matter of "the methodology of research"
yap, The methodology of research is one of lesson that exist in Department of chemical Engineering, but. this lesson actually exist in final study, because this lesson is study about result from study in chemical engineering or as result aplication of until study in chemical engineer.
Below is example of basic mamterial of Methodology of research which should be understood.

1. In choosing a problem, explain the consideration of what is needed, which is a matter that will be selected or the ability of the researcher. Why is that? Explain?
2. (a) What the purpose of " The Background of The Problem"?
(b) Contains or description from " The background of the problem" must consist of three Principle parts, explain what teh content or description each of the three parts! why is that? expalin its purpose!
3. What the definition of word "THINK". Explain and Describe, how the steps of human though process in solve a problem.what elements should be present in every steps?
4. a statement of the problem formulation must be comply some criteria or guidelines
a. why its needed "Formulation of The Problem" in a research?
b. Explain some guidelines in make "Formulation of The Problem" that good!
5. Explain and Describe:
a. What the purpose of Do a literature study in a research?
b. why did it take a lot of reading literature in the study of literature, what are the benefits?
c. how the steps in determining the choice of good literature?
d. what is the way of thinking deductively and inductively in relation with the selection of literature? explain!

I think enough from me, i hope usefull for all. and i close wassalamualaikum,.
see you again...!

problems example of intgeration by substitution

2016-04-28T21:11:00.001-07:00

INTEGRAL COURSE

Ok friends, meet again with me, MR.Chem-eng21 in this moment mr.Chem

will sharing about study of calculus , yeah, calculus lesson one of study that exist in chemical engineering from calculus 1 until calculus 3,,wooh, I like it. Ok, in learning calculus we must patiently and carefully.

see good this material!

In calculus, integration by substitution, also known as u-substitution, is a method for finding integrals. Using thefundamental theorem of calculus often requires finding an anti derivative. For this and other reasons, integration by substitution is an important tool in mathematics. It is the counterpart to the chain rule of differentiation.

theorem A

If f is continuous then (as integral) on (a, b) and if F is any anti derivatives of f, then:

a∫bf(x)dx = F(a) − F(b)

Contoh:

Tentukan ∫2 − 1(4x − 6x2)dx

= [2x2 − 2x3]2 − 1

= [(2.22 − 2.23)] − [(2.22 − 2.23)] − [(2.( − 1)2 − 2.( − 1)3]

= [(2.4 − 2.8)]-[2.1 − 2.( − 1)]

= (8 − 16) − (2 + 2)

= − 8 − 4 = − 12

Tentukan ∫8`1(x1⁄3 + x4⁄3)dx

= ⎡⎣34.84⁄3 + 37.87⁄3⎤⎦81

= ⎛⎝34.84⁄3 + 37.87⁄3⎞⎠ − ⎛⎝34.14⁄3 + 37.17⁄3⎞⎠

= ⎛⎝344.16 + 37.128⎞⎠ − ⎛⎝34.1 + 37.1⎞⎠

= ⎛⎝484 + 3847⎞⎠ − ⎛⎝34 − 37⎞⎠

= 454 + 3817 ≈ 65, 68

Ok friends, i think for this session enough, may be useful for all

GOOD BYE...:)

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Orbital Spin States

2016-03-28T02:32:00.001-07:00

Orbital Spin States

•For some of the excited states, there are states with a pair of electrons having their spins parallel (in 2 orbitals), leading to total spin of 1 and multiplicities of 3.

lSinglet state (S):Most molecules have ground state with all electron spin paired & most excited state also have electron spin all paired, even though they may be one electron each lying in two different orbital.

lSuch states have zero total spin and spin multiplicities of 1, are called singlet (S) states.

•For Triplet state (T): Under the influence of external field, there are three values (i.e. 3 energy states) of +1, 0, -1 times the angular momentum.

•Such states are called Triplet states (T).

Selection Rules of electronic transition

lElectronic transitions may be classed as intense or weak according to the magnitude of εmax that corresponds to allowed or forbidden transition as governed by the following selection rules of electronic transition:

lSpin selection rule: there should be no change in spin orientation or no spin inversion during these transitions.

lThus, S→S, T→T, are allowed,

lbut S→T, T→S, are forbidden.

l(△S=0 transition allowed)

Department Of Chemical Engineering

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Chemical Engineering Design, Second Edition: Principles, Practice and Economics of Plant and Process Design 2nd Edition (Big Sale)

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Terms/Glossary in chemical engineering (part-3)

Important Terms in Chemical Engineering (part-2)

Free download Dictionary of Oil, Gas, and Petrochemical Processing

Free Download E-book for Chemical Engineering "A GUIDE TO WORKING PROCESS EQUIPMENT"

Free download ebook for chemical engineering Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook, Eighth Edition by: Don W. Green, Robert H. Perry

Important terms in chemical engineering (part-1)

Free download Dictionary of Oil, Gas, and Petrochemical Processing

Free Download E-book for Chemical Engineering "A GUIDE TO WORKING PROCESS EQUIPMENT"

Free download ebook for chemical engineering Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook, Eighth Edition by: Don W. Green, Robert H. Perry

Free download Dictionary of Oil, Gas, and Petrochemical Processing

Free Download E-book for Chemical Engineering "A GUIDE TO WORKING PROCESS EQUIPMENT"

free download Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook, Eighth Edition by: Don W. Green, Robert H. Perry

Free download ebook for chemical engineering Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook, Eighth Edition by: Don W. Green, Robert H. Perry

Simple material of Hybridization of atoms (organic chemistry)

example problems and soloution of trigonometric integral

Prospect in chemical engineering

Tutorial AutoCad 2007 Core/cavity Mold (part-7)

Substitution in Indefinite Integrals (sample questions and discussion)

exercise function of integral trigonometry

Basic material of methodology of research

problems example of intgeration by substitution

Orbital Spin States

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