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Cambridge scientists print lasers - Inkjet method cheaper than silicon | TechEye

2012-09-23T05:53:00.001-07:00

Cambridge scientists print lasers - Inkjet method cheaper than silicon | TechEye

One Per Cent: Smart windows keep heat out – but let light in

2012-09-23T05:51:00.001-07:00

One Per Cent: Smart windows keep heat out – but let light in

One Per Cent: Rare earths and nanoparticles combine to detect radiation

2012-09-23T05:50:00.001-07:00

One Per Cent: Rare earths and nanoparticles combine to detect radiation

One Per Cent: Watson, the supercomputer genius, heads for the cloud

2012-09-23T05:48:00.001-07:00

One Per Cent: Watson, the supercomputer genius, heads for the cloud

FDI in Multi-Brand Retail: Boon or Bane?

2012-09-23T05:29:00.001-07:00

FDI in Multi-Brand Retail: Boon or Bane?

The Bermuda Triangle

2012-07-20T03:25:00.002-07:00

The Bermuda Triangle

The "Bermuda Triangle" or "Devil's Triangle" is an imaginary area located off the southeastern Atlantic coast of the United States of America, which is noted for a supposedly high incidence of unexplained disappearances of ships and aircraft. The apexes of the triangle are generally believed to be Bermuda; Miami, Florida; and San Juan, Puerto Rico. The US Board of Geographic Names does not recognize the Bermuda Triangle as an official name. The US Navy does not believe the Bermuda Triangle exists. It is reported that Lloyd's of London, the world's leading market for specialist insurance, does not charge higher premiums for vessels transiting this heavily traveled area.

The most famous US Navy losses which have occurred in the area popularly known as the Bermuda Triangle are USS CYCLOPS in March 1918 and the aircraft of Flight 19 in December 1945. The ship probably sank in an unexpected storm, and the aircraft ran out of fuel and crashed into the ocean -- no physical traces of them have ever been found. Another well known disappearance is the civilian tanker SS Marine Sulphur Queen carrying bulk molten sulfur which sank in February 1963. Although the wreck of Marine Sulphur Queen has not been located, a life preserver and other floating artifacts were recovered. These disappearances have been used to provide credence to the popular belief in the mystery and purported supernatural qualities of the "Bermuda Triangle."

Since the days of early civilization many thousands of ships have sunk and/or disappeared in waters around the world due to navigational and other human errors, storms, piracy, fires, and structural/mechanical failures. Aircraft are subject to the same problems, and many of them have crashed at sea around the globe. Often, there were no living witnesses to the sinking or crash, and hence the exact cause of the loss and the location of the lost ship or aircraft are unknown. A large number of pleasure boats travel the waters between Florida and the Bahamas. All too often, crossings are attempted with too small a boat, insufficient knowledge of the area's hazards, and a lack of good seamanship.

To see how common accidents are at sea, you can examine some of the recent accident reports of the National Transportation Safety Board for ships and aircraft. One of the aircraft accident reports concerns an in-flight engine failure and subsequent ditching of a Cessna aircraft near Great Abaco Island in the Bahamas on 13 July 2003. This is the type of accident that would likely have been attributed to mysterious causes in the Bermuda Triangle if there had been no survivors or other eyewitnesses of the crash.

A significant factor with regard to missing vessels in the Bermuda Triangle is a strong ocean current called the Gulf Stream. It is extremely swift and turbulent and can quickly erase evidence of a disaster. The weather also plays its role. Prior to the development of telegraph, radio and radar, sailors did not know a storm or hurricane was nearby until it appeared on the horizon. For example, the Continental Navy sloop Saratoga was lost off the Bahamas in such a storm with all her crew on 18 March 1781. Many other US Navy ships have been lost at sea in storms around the world. Sudden local thunder storms and water spouts can sometimes spell disaster for mariners and air crews. Finally, the topography of the ocean floor varies from extensive shoals around the islands to some of the deepest marine trenches in the world. With the interaction of the strong currents over the many reefs the topography of the ocean bottom is in a state of flux and the development of new navigational hazards can sometimes be swift.

It has been inaccurately claimed that the Bermuda Triangle is one of the two places on earth at which a magnetic compass points towards true north. Normally a compass will point toward magnetic north. The difference between the two is known as compass variation. The amount of variation changes by as much as 60 degrees at various locations around the World. If this compass variation or error is not compensated for, navigators can find themselves far off course and in deep trouble. Although in the past this compass variation did affect the "Bermuda Triangle" region, due to fluctuations in the Earth's magnetic field this has apparently not been the case since the nineteenth century.

We know of no US Government-issued maps that delineate the boundaries of the Bermuda Triangle. However, general maps as well as nautical and aviation charts of the general area are widely available in libraries and from commercial map dealers.

Bermuda Triangle Mystery - Facts and Myths.
Bermuda Triangle
Bermuda Triangle Mystery Solved.

BLACK HOLE

2012-07-19T22:48:00.003-07:00

BLACK HOLE

wiki Black hole

more about black hole

What Is a Black Hole?

A black hole is a place in space where gravity pulls so much that even light can not get out. The gravity is so strong because matter has been squeezed into a tiny space. This can happen when a star is dying.

Because no light can get out, people can't see black holes. They are invisible. Space telescopes with special tools can help find black holes. The special tools can see how stars that are very close to black holes act differently than other stars.

Could a Black Hole Destroy Earth?

Black holes do not go around in space eating stars, moons and planets. Earth will not fall into a black hole because no black hole is close enough to the solar system for Earth to do that.

Even if a black hole the same mass as the sun were to take the place of the sun, Earth still would not fall in. The black hole would have the same gravity as the sun. Earth and the other planets would orbit the black hole as they orbit the sun now. The sun will never turn into a black hole. The sun is not a big enough star to make a black hole.

Black holes are the cold remnants of former stars, so dense that no matter—not even light—is able to escape their powerful gravitational pull.

While most stars end up as white dwarfs or neutron stars, black holes are the last evolutionary stage in the lifetimes of enormous stars that had been at least 10 or 15 times as massive as our own sun.

When giant stars reach the final stages of their lives they often detonate in cataclysms known as supernovae. Such an explosion scatters most of a star into the void of space but leaves behind a large "cold" remnant on which fusion no longer takes place.

In younger stars, nuclear fusion creates energy and a constant outward pressure that exists in balance with the inward pull of gravity caused by the star's own mass. But in the dead remnants of a massive supernova, no force opposes gravity—so the star begins to collapse in upon itself.

With no force to check gravity, a budding black hole shrinks to zero volume—at which point it is infinitely dense. Even the light from such a star is unable to escape its immense gravitational pull. The star's own light becomes trapped in orbit, and the dark star becomes known as a black hole.

Black holes pull matter and even energy into themselves—but no more so than other stars or cosmic objects of similar mass. That means that a black hole with the mass of our own sun would not "suck" objects into it any more than our own sun does with its own gravitational pull.

Planets, light, and other matter must pass close to a black hole in order to be pulled into its grasp. When they reach a point of no return they are said to have entered the event horizon—the point from which any escape is impossible because it requires moving faster than the speed of light.

Small But Powerful

Black holes are small in size. A million-solar-mass hole, like that believed to be at the center of some galaxies, would have a radius of just about two million miles (three million kilometers)—only about four times the size of the sun. A black hole with a mass equal to that of the sun would have a two-mile (three-kilometer) radius.

Because they are so small, distant, and dark, black holes cannot be directly observed. Yet scientists have confirmed their long-held suspicions that they exist. This is typically done by measuring mass in a region of the sky and looking for areas of large, dark mass.

Many black holes exist in binary star systems. These holes may continually pull mass from their neighboring star, growing the black hole and shrinking the other star, until the black hole is large and the companion star has completely vanished.

Extremely large black holes may exist at the center of some galaxies—including our own Milky Way. These massive features may have the mass of 10 to 100 billion suns. They are similar to smaller black holes but grow to enormous size because there is so much matter in the center of the galaxy for them to add. Black holes can accrue limitless amounts of matter; they simply become even denser as their mass increases.

Black holes capture the public's imagination and feature prominently in extremely theoretical concepts like wormholes. These "tunnels" could allow rapid travel through space and time—but there is no evidence that they exist.

Incredible India: Top 10 All time Great Politician of Independent India

2012-07-15T23:44:00.001-07:00

Incredible India: Top 10 All time Great Politician of Independent India

Higgs Boson (God Particle)

2012-07-15T00:46:00.002-07:00

Satyendra Nath Bose (INDIAN SCIENTIST)
This experiment was performed in Large hadron collider.in CERN (French/swiss border) and the
other scientists. To have more information visit toHiggs Boson and gravitmotion.info,http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/07/14/higgs-boson-god-particle-religion-science_n_1672741.html?utm_hp_ref=religion.The 'God particle': Higgs boson explained in 5 points.

The Higgs boson explains why particles have mass -- and in turn why we exist. Without the boson, the universe would have no physical matter, only energy.The Higgs boson is the final piece of the Standard Model of particle physics, the most successful and accurate theory of particles and forces. Like the periodic table of elements, the Standard Model attempts to classify all the constituents of matter in the universe. It includes leptons (for example the electron) and quarks (which form protons and neutrons). It also includes particles which mediate forces between the quarks and leptons (like electromagnetism). The Higgs boson is thought to give mass to some of these particles while leaving others, like the photon, massless.

The Higgs boson has been predicted by theorists because it solves the problem of “electroweak symmetry breaking.” Broken symmetry is actually something you have encountered before, just not by this name. For example, you have a ball at the top of a mountain. From the ball's point of view, the mountain is symmetric and all directions are the same. However, when you drop the ball it will roll in a particular direction. Once it has chosen a direction, the symmetry has been broken. The mountain is still symmetric by itself, but not from the ball's point of view. This is an example of a broken symmetry.

So what does a ball rolling down a mountain have to do with the Higgs? To answer that question, let's look at a very basic property of matter in our universe: mass.

Why do particles in our universe have mass? The Higgs is like the ball in our example. When it rolls to one side of the “mountain”, it breaks a different kind of symmetry between two forces of nature, the weak force responsible for radioactive decay and the electromagnetic force. The particles which mediate the weak force become massive, and the photon which mediates the electromagnetic force does not.

The Higgs is one of the main reasons that the LHC was built, and finding it is something thousands of physicists have been working towards for decades. We do not yet know if the new particle we have observed is actually the Higgs or something more exotic with similar properties. Many other theories which may explain the shortcomings of the Standard Model (including phenomena such as dark matter) predict a similar particle. Much more work still needs to be done, but we have taken a large step towards understanding the fundamental structure of our world. It is a major accomplishment and reason for celebration.

What exactly is the string theory? Do these 'strings' really exist? And how can we know they exist if they have not been proven?

2012-07-13T11:10:00.001-07:00

String theory is essentially trying to explain why we have all the fundamental particles we have. So, protons and neutrons are made up of even smaller particles called quarks, and you get electrons and higher energy, more exotic particles – things like muons, and all sorts of different particles. They can combine in different ways and they all have different masses.

People who are much better at maths have spent a long time trying to find mathematical constructs, so ways of putting maths together to produce objects which look like the particles that we see and have similar properties which we can call mass.

One of the ways they've done this is with some maths which look a bit like strings. You can have oscillations on a string. If you wobble the string slowly, you get one wobble in it as it wobbles left and right. If you wobble it faster, you can get it to start making a snaking wobble. As you make it faster and faster, these different vibrations could be associated with different particles.

The actual strings themselves are probably just maths. We have no evidence to say there are actual little bits of cotton wobbling very, very rapidly. So all we know is that there is some maths which gives rise to things which look a bit like the particles we have. We are not even sure that there's any actual evidence to say that string theory is better than any other particular theory. They haven’t actually got that far, but that's what the guys in CERN are trying to do.

Can we re-use the ash from burning waste?

2012-07-13T11:04:00.001-07:00

Yes. There are two types of ash that come from thermal treatment – one is known as incinerated bottom ash and that's the majority of it which is the clinker that drops out of the bottom of the furnace if you like. That can be safely recycled and used as good quality aggregate and that happens already. They take the metals out, any metals that are left in it, and again those various metals are recycled. The bottom ash itself is used as aggregate for road building, for block making, et cetera.

The interesting bit and where the science bit comes in, I guess, is the other type of ash - known as air pollution control residue - which is where you've injected lime and carbon, and things, to remove any pollutants.

Increasingly, we’re looking to re-use that particular type of ash in the manufacture of gypsum or the replacement of gypsum for gypsum board and such like. So, science is being applied to look at new ways of recycling that because everything about both thermal treatment and energy recovery as well as the rest of the waste and recycling industry these days is all about getting the most resource efficiency that we can out of all the materials we use as a society.

Why do leaves change colour in Autumn?

2012-07-13T11:00:00.000-07:00

The answer to this is that leaves look green because they contain the pigment chlorophyll which is what they need to do photosynthesis, the process of grabbing energy that's in sunlight and driving a chemical reaction with it in order to turn carbon dioxide and water into glucose – C6H12O6 – that's what photosynthesis is. But leaves also contain other chemicals including antioxidant chemicals and one of the chemicals they contain is a family of chemicals called carotinoids which, as the name suggests, are orangey or yellow. So once the chlorophyll goes away in the leaf then you see that orangey yellow colour.

As we get towards autumn, because the leaves know that they're senescing – they're getting old, they're going to be lost soon - they reduce their rate of chlorophyll production and that means that there's less of the green pigment in the leaf and therefore, the yellow colour that the green was previously hiding is disclosed and that's why the leaves appears changed colour because the leaves are running out of chlorophyll. Some leaves also turn a red colour though, don't they, which is nice. Not all leaves but some species and that's because actually, they make another class of chemicals called anthocyanins. These are the same things you find in beetroot. They're a dark deep red colour and they're also a family of antioxidants. And what the plants do is put those into the leaves to sustain, and support and prevent stress in the leaves as they go towards winter, and that means the plant has longer to scavenge back from the leaf the things that it wants to rescue back into the plant before it dumps the leaf because once you lose the leaf, you're losing tissue, you're losing salts, and chemicals, and potentially, other good for you things.

So by protecting the leaf with these other anthocyanin molecules for a little bit longer, you hang on to your leaves for slightly longer than you otherwise would

When looking at distant objects, are we looking at the past?

2012-07-13T10:44:00.002-07:00

Comments Plz....

WORLD SMALLEST HELICOPTER

2012-07-13T05:08:00.000-07:00

This is the GEN H-4.It is the world’s smallest co-axial helicopter.it is powered By four GEN125 engines,producing 40hp @ 6800-7500rpm and boasts a shock absorbent aluminium frame.It has a max.speed of 55mph.

With all the millions of tons of material that is mined from the earth and redistributed around the globe is there a chance it could effect or alter the planet's orbit?

2012-07-13T04:21:00.000-07:00

In order to change the Earth’s orbit, you've got to somehow apply a force to the Earth. Mining is essentially just moving material around on the Earth; they might dig something out of the ground, move it to the top of a skyscraper or even burn it and move it into the atmosphere. Now, this could conceivably have a very, very tiny effect on how the Earth is rotating because if you change the shape of the object, it will change how it rotates.

But you're not applying any forces to anything else in the Universe, so you can't affect how the Earth is moving. The only conceivable way it might slightly affect things is you might get very, very minute effects where a slightly differently shaped Earth might feels tides from the moon and other planets. These would be microscopically different, but could slightly change the Earth’s orbit. But these are going to be tiny effects on tiny effects, on tiny effects. So, far, far, far, too tiny to be measurable

Why does thunder sometimes sound like a sharp crack, and sometimes like a low rumble?

2012-07-12T04:35:00.002-07:00

It depends on how far you are from the lightning. The closer you are, the higher the pitch of the sound you hear; the farther away you are, the lower the rumble.

First, we have to remind ourselves of what thunder is.

A stroke of lightning is extremely fast; it occurs with what might be called lightning speed. Its sudden heat makes the surrounding air white hot—heated to tens of thousands of degrees. The air expands at tremendous speed, after which it rapidly cools and contracts back to its normal temperature and pressure. Air moving so suddenly makes huge vibrations, and that's what sound waves are: shudders, or pressure waves, moving through the air. Hence, the noise of thunder.

It will not surprise you to learn that thunder travels at the speed of sound. But light travels almost a million times as fast as sound. Obviously,then, you're going to see the lightning flash almost instantaneously, but you won't hear the thunder until it travels from the lightning strike to your ears.

Why does the champagne gush out all over the place when I open the bottle?

2012-07-11T08:03:00.000-07:00

If I said that shaking a bottle of champagne, beer or pop raises the gas pressure inside, ninety-nine out of a hundred people, even chemists and physicists, would agree. But it's not true. When you shake an unopened bottle or can of carbonated beverage the pressure inside does not change.Then why does the liquid squirt out with so much force when you open a shaken bottle? It's only because shaking makes it easier for gas to escape from the liquid, and in its eagerness to escape when the bottle is opened it carries some liquid along with it.If an unopened bottle has been standing quietly at room temperature for a day or so and is then shaken, the pressure of carbon dioxide gas in the head space (the space above the liquid) does not change.

The reason is that the gas pressure is determined by only two things: (a) the temperature and (b) how much carbon dioxide can dissolve in the liquid at that temperature.There is only so much carbon dioxide gas in the bottle; some of it is dissolved in the liquid and some of it is loose in the head space. When an unopened bottle of soda has remained at the same temperature for some time, the amount of gas dissolved in the liquid and more important, the amount of gas that is not dissolved in the liquid settles down to whatever the appropriate proportions are for that particular temperature.( The system comes to equilibrium).

The point is that shaking alone can't change the pressure because it doesn't change the temperature or in any other way change the amount of force or energy that is available inside the bottle. So never fear that manhandling your beer, soda or champagne on the way home from the store will make the bottles explode. On the other hand, make sure not to let the bottles heat up in the trunk of your car, because the higher temperature will indeed raise the pressure of the gas.

Now we can take a more educated look at what causes the explosive emission when we open a recently shaken bottle. It is caused by an increase in the amount of gas that is set loose—not by heating, but by the mechanical “outing” of some dissolved carbon dioxide from the liquid when the bottle is opened.

Shaking a bottle or can of beer or soda pop does not increase the pressure inside.

Oh, the champagne? Same thing. The best way to handle it is to leave it undisturbed in the refrigerator long enough for it to “come to equilibrium”—at least twenty-four hours. Then be careful not to either warm or agitate it before or during opening. After removing the wire twist,ease the cork upward with your thumbs. All of the champagne will stay in the bottle and the cork won't become a lethal missile.

Have u ever had these kind of random thoughts????

2012-07-11T06:12:00.000-07:00

1.How does a flame know which way is up?

2.If the humidity gets to 100%, will I drown?

3.Can a farmer really smell rain coming?

4.Why do mirrors reverse left and right but not up and down?

5.When my tires wear out, where has all the rubber gone?

6.Why isn't it cold in space?

7.why do objects have mass?