Students Care Center

10 Commandments Of An Intrapreneur

2011-06-28T11:08:00.000+05:00

Build your team means you need to build support for yourself and work also needs people just like you.
Share credit widely means those who gave you idea, supported you or helped you in any way, share credit with them that will give them motivation, encouragement and satisfaction.
Ask for advice before asking for resources means do not run for resources at first, try to work on the idea, make it feasible, ask for advice and guidance from your team, mentor and role model.
Under promise and over deliver means don't promise what you can't deliver
Do any job needed regardless job description, being an intrapreneur you need to do a lot more and some times a kind of task that you are not familiar with nor are written in your job description.
It is easier to ask for forgiveness than permission, if you wait for the permission from your management before doing or trying anything new and creative, then you can not do it. Try to perform and do what it takes, if succeeded.... fine.. if not than ask for forgiveness because unless and until you don't try how ll you know about the success or failure.
Interest of the company first when circumvent bureaucracy
Come to work each day willing to be fired
Be true to the goals, be realistic to the way to achieve them
Honor and educate your sponsors

2011-06-27T11:13:00.000+05:00

The process of starting a new venture is embodied in the entrepreneurial process, which involves
more than just problem solving in a typical management position. An entrepreneur must find,
evaluate, and develop an opportunity by overcoming the forces that resist the creation of
something new. The process has four distinct phases: (1) identification and evaluation of the
opportunity, (2) development of the business plan, (3) determination of the required resources,
and (4) management of the resulting enterprise. Although these phases proceed progressively,
no one stage is dealt with in isolation or is totally completed before work on other phases occurs.
For example, to successfully identify and evaluate an opportunity (phase 1), an entrepreneur
must have in mind the type of business desired (phase 4).

Identify and Evaluate the Opportunity

Opportunity identification and evaluation is a very difficult task. Most good business
opportunities do not suddenly appear, but rather result from an entrepreneur’s alertness to
possibilities, or in some case, the establishment of mechanisms that identify potential
opportunities. For example, one entrepreneur asks at every cocktail party whether anyone is
using a product that does not adequately fulfill its intended purpose. This person is constantly
looking for a need and an opportunity to create a better product. Another entrepreneur always
monitors the play habits and toys of her nieces and nephews. This is her way of looking for any
unique toy product niche for a new venture.
Although most entrepreneurs do not have formal mechanisms or identifying business
opportunities, some sources are often fruitful: consumers and business associates, members of
the distribution system, and technical people. Often, consumers are the best source of ideas for a
new venture. How many times have you heard someone comment, “If only there was a product
that would…” This comment can result in the creation of new business. One entrepreneur’s
evaluation of why so many business executives were complaining about the lack of good
technical writing and word-processing services resulted in the creation of her own business
venture to fill this need. Her technical writing service grew to 10 employees in two years.
Due to their close contact with the end user, channel members in the distribution system also see
product needs. One entrepreneur started a college bookstore after haring all the students
complain about the high cost of books and the lack of service provided by the only bookstore on
campus. Many other entrepreneurs have identified business opportunities through a discussion
with a retailer, wholesaler, or manufacturer’s representative.
Finally, technically oriented individuals often conceptualize business opportunities when
working on other projects. One entrepreneur’s business resulted from seeing the application of a
plastic resin compound in developing and manufacturing a new type of pallet while developing
the resin application in another totally unrelated area—casket moldings.
Whether the opportunity is identified by using input from consumers, business associates,
channel members, or technical people, each opportunity must be carefully screened and
evaluated. This evaluation of the opportunity is perhaps the most critical element of the
entrepreneurial process, as it allows the entrepreneur to assess whether the specific product or
service has the returns needed compared to the resources required. This evaluation process
involves looking at the length of the opportunity, its real and perceived value, its risks and
returns, its fit with the personal skills and goals of the entrepreneur, and its uniqueness or
differential advantage in its competitive environment.
The market size and the length of the window of opportunity are the primary basis for
determining the risks and rewards. This risks reflect the market, competition, technology, and
amount of capital involved. The amount of capital needed provides the basis for the return and
rewards. The methodology for evaluating risks and rewards frequently indicates that an
opportunity offers neither a financial nor a personal reward commensurate with the risks
involved. One company that delivered bark mulch to residential and commercial users for
decoration around the base of trees and shrubs added loam and shells to its product line. These
products were sold to the same customer base using the same distribution (delivery) system.
Follow-on products are important for a company expanding or diversifying in a particular
channel. A distribution channel member such as Kmart, Service Merchandise, or Target prefers
to do business with multi-product, rather than single-product, firms.
Finally, the opportunity must fit the personal skills and goals of the entrepreneur. It is
particularly important that the entrepreneur be able to put forth the necessary time and effort
required to make the venture succeed. Although many entrepreneurs feel that the desire can be
developed along the venture, typically it does not materialize. An entrepreneur must believe in
the opportunity so much that he or she will make the necessary sacrifices to develop the
opportunity and manage the resulting organization.
Opportunity analysis, or what is frequently called an opportunity assessment plan, is one method
for evaluating an opportunity. It is not a business plan. Compared to a business plan, it should
be shorter; focus on the opportunity, not the entire venture; and provide the basis for making the
decision of whether or not to act on the opportunity.
An opportunity assessment plan includes the following: a description of the product or service,
an assessment of the opportunity, an assessment of the entrepreneur and the team, specifications
of all the activities and resources needed to translate the opportunity into a viable business
venture, and the source of capital to finance the initial venture as well as its growth. The
assessment of the opportunity requires answering the following questions:
• What market need does it fill?
• What personal observations have you experienced or recorded with regard to that market
need?
• What social condition underlies this market need?
• What market research data can be marshaled to describe this market need?
• What patents might be available to fulfill this need?
• What competition exists in this market? How would you describe the behavior of this
competition?
• What does the international market look like?
• What does the international competition look like?
• Where is the money to be made in this activity?

Developing a Business Plan

A good business plan must be developed in order to exploit the defined opportunity. This is a
very time-consuming phase of the entrepreneurial process. An entrepreneur usually has not
prepared a business plan before and does not have the resources available to do a good job. A
good business plan is essential to developing the opportunity and determining the resources
required, obtaining those resources, and successfully managing the resulting venture.

Determine the Resources Required

The resources needed for addressing the opportunity must also be determined. This process
starts with an appraisal of the entrepreneur’s present resources. Any resources that are critical
need to be differentiated from those that are just helpful. Care must be taken not to
underestimate the amount of variety of resources needed. The downside risks associated with
insufficient or inappropriate resources should also be assessed.
Acquiring the needed resources in a timely manner while giving up as little control as possible is
the next step in the entrepreneurial process. An entrepreneur should strive to maintain as large
an ownership position as possible, particularly in the start-up stage. As the business develops,
more funds will probably be needed to finance the growth of the venture, requiring more
ownership to be relinquished. Alternative suppliers of these resources, along with their needs
and desires, need to be identified. By understanding resource supplier needs, the entrepreneur
can structure a deal that enables the recourses to be acquired at the lowest possible cost and the
least loss of control.

Manage the Enterprise

After resources are acquired, the entrepreneur must use them to implement the business plan.
The operational problems of the growing enterprise must also be examined. This involves
implementing a management style and structure, as well as determining the key variables for
success. A control system must be established, so that any problem areas can be quickly
identified and resolved. Some entrepreneurs have difficulty managing and growing the venture
they created.

Methods of Generating New Ideas for Entrepreneurs

2011-06-27T11:06:00.000+05:00

Even with a wide variety of sources available, coming up with an idea as the basis for a new venture can still be a difficult problem. The entrepreneur can use several methods to help generate and test new ideas including focus groups, brainstorming and problem inventory analysis

. The following are some of the key methods to help generate end test new ideas:

1. Focus Groups – these are the groups of individuals providing information in a structural format. A moderator leads a group of people through an open, in-depth discussion rather than simply asking questions to solicit participant response. Such groups form comments in open-end in-depth discussions for a new product area that can result in market success. In addition to generating new ideas, the focus group is an excellent source for initially screening ideas and concept.

2. Brainstorming – it is a group method for obtaining new ideas and solutions. It is based on the fact that people can be stimulated to greater creativity by meeting with others and participating in organized group experiences. The characteristics of this method are keeping criticism away; free wheeling of idea, high quantity of ideas, combination and improvements of ideas. Such type of session should be fun with no scope for domination and inhibition. Brainstorming has a greater probability of success when the effort focuses on specific product or market area.

3. Problem inventory analysis– it is a method for obtaining new ideas and solutions by focusing on problems. This analysis uses individuals in a manner that is analogous to focus groups to generate new product areas. However, instead of generating new ideas, the consumers are provided with list of problems and then asked to have discussion over it and it ultimately results in an entirely new product idea. The entrepreneur is not limited by only the three methods presented in this article.

Intrapreneurship

2011-06-26T11:10:00.000+05:00

What is Intrapreneurship?: Intrapreneurship is the practice of entrepreneurship by employees within an organization.

Difference between an entrepreneur and an intrapreneur:
An entrepreneur takes substantial risk in being the owner and operator of a business with expectations of financial profit and other rewards that the business may generate. On the contrary, an intrapreneur is an individual employed by an organization for remuneration, which is based on the financial success of the unit he is responsible for. Intrapreneurs share the same traits as entrepreneurs such as conviction, zeal and insight. As the intrapreneur continues to expresses his ideas vigorously, it will reveal the gap between the philosophy of the organization and the employee. If the organization supports him in pursuing his ideas, he succeeds. If not, he is likely to leave the organization and set up his own business.

Example of intrapreneurship: A classic case of intrapreneurs is that of the founders of Adobe, John Warnock and Charles Geschke. They both were employees of Xerox. As employees of Xerox, they were frustrated because their new product ideas were not encouraged. They quit Xerox in the early 1980s to begin their own business. Currently, Adobe has an annual turnover of over $3 billion.

Features of Intrapreneurship: Entrepreneurship involves innovation, the ability to take risk and creativity. An entrepreneur will be able to look at things in novel ways. He will have the capacity to take calculated risk and to accept failure as a learning point. An intrapreneur thinks like an entrepreneur looking out for opportunities, which profit the organization. Intrapreneurship is a novel way of making organizations more profitable where imaginative employees entertain entrepreneurial thoughts. It is in the interest of an organization to encourage intrapreneurs. Intrapreneurship is a significant method for companies to reinvent themselves and improve performance.

In a recent study, researchers compared the elements related to entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial activity. The study found that among the 32,000 subjects who participated in it, five percent were engaged in the initial stages of a business start-up, either on their own or within an organization. The study also found that human capital such as education and experience is connected more with entrepreneurship than with intrapreneurship. Another observation was that intraptreneurial startups were inclined to concentrate more on business-to-business products while entrepreneurial startups were inclined towards consumer sales.

Another important factor that led to the choice between entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship was age. The study found that people who launched their own companies were in their 30s and 40s. People from older and younger age groups were risk averse or felt they have no opportunities, which makes them the ideal candidates if an organization is on the look out for employees with new ideas that can be pursued.

Entrepreneurship appeals to people who possess natural traits that find start ups arousing their interest. Intrapreneurs appear to be those who generally would not like to get entangled in start ups but are tempted to do so for a number of reasons. Managers would do well to take employees who do not appear entrepreneurial but can turn out to be good intrapreneurial choices.

Employee Intrapreneur

"Intrapreneurship refers to employee initiatives in organizations to undertake something new, without being asked to do so". This Intrapreneur focuses on innovation and creativity and who transforms a dream or an idea into a profitable venture, by operating within the organizational environment. Thus, Intrapreneurs are Inside entrepreneurs who follow the goal of the organization. Intrapreneurship is an example of motivation through job design.

Employees, perhaps engaged in a special project within a larger firm are supposed to behave as entrepreneurs, even though they have the resources, capabilities and security of the larger firm to draw upon. Capturing a little of the dynamic nature of entrepreneurial management (trying things until successful, learning from failures, attempting to conserve resources, etc.) adds to the potential of an otherwise static organizations without exposing those employees to the risks or accountability normally associated with entrepreneurial failure.

Principles of Innovation

2011-06-26T11:05:00.000+05:00

There are five principles that give life to the process of innovation:

Innovation starts when people convert problems to ideas. New ideas are born through questions, problems and obstacles. The process of innovation is indebted to the trouble that comes about when we are surrounded by that which is not solved, not smooth and not simple. Therefore, in order for the innovation process to flourish, it needs a climate that encourages inquiry and welcomes problems.

Innovation needs a system. All organizations have innovation systems. Some are formal, designed by the leadership, and some are informal, taking place outside established channels. Informal channels are untidy and inefficient, yet innovation is always associated with them.

Passion is the fuel, and pain is the hidden ingredient. Ideas do not propel themselves; passion makes them go. Passion, in addition to talent and skill, is a valuable company asset. Passion is what transforms other resources into profits, but it never shows up on a balance sheet. Unfortunately, there seems to be some universal law that says when pursuing a passion or following a dream, pain is part of the process. Innovation leaders need to take the pain with the passion and learn to manage both effectively.

Co-locating drives effective exchange. Co-location refers to physical proximity between people. It is a key for building the trust that is essential to the innovation process. It also increases the possibility for greater exchange of information, cross-fertilization of ideas, stimulation of creative thinking in one another and critique of ideas during their formative stage.

Differences should be leveraged. The differences that normally divide people — such as language, culture, race, gender and thinking and problem solving styles — can be a boon to innovation. When differences are used constructively and people move beyond fear, suspicion, mistrust and prejudice, differences can be leveraged to enhance and sustain the innovation process.

How to Fix a Laptop That You Spilt Coffee On

2011-06-23T12:42:00.000+05:00

So you've spilt a liquid on your laptop? Here is a simple guide to fix your computer from its dip in the lake.

Steps:

Turn off your computer immediately.
Place a dry cloth on top of your laptop and pat it dry carefully.
Take your computer and put it on a study table on top of a towel.
Put a fan on high and point it directly at the keyboard.
Wait for a few hours for it to dry out.
When dry attempt to boot up your computer.

Tips

If the computer cannot be turned on or there are other problems, contact a Customer Service Representative from the company where you bought your computer from. There is a chance that the warranty on it will cover spills.

Warnings

If you computer continues to have problems and you're sure there is no more liquid in or on it, you may have to get some parts replaced or a new laptop. Consult a computer repair technician to get an estimate on repairs.

How to loose weight?

2011-06-18T15:15:00.000+05:00

Losing weight is not easy. You will never hear me say that it is. It takes dedication, motivation and hard work. But by making a few easy changes you can get the ball rolling on losing weight.

If you're serious about changing your lifestyle, these steps help get you there. The key is to dedicate yourself to these changes and do them consistently.

No, losing weight isn't a walk in the park. But by following these steps ... you may find it's a little easier than you think!

CHANGE ONE: WHAT YOU EAT
First up, let's take a look at some simple ways to make significant improvements in your diet.

ELIMINATE OR SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE RED MEAT
If foods like burgers are basic to your current diet, cutting out red meat can go a long way in helping you make healthier meal choices and losing weight.
By building your meals around fish and poultry, you can more easily keep temptation at bay by eliminating many poor fast food and restaurant choices, which are over-sized and high in fat.
To keep your shellfish, fish, chicken, and turkey diet-friendly, be sure to choose the right preparation method (see #2). Be wary of creamy, high-cal condiments that come with entrees, like tartar sauce or special sauce on grilled chicken sandwiches.
CUT OUT FRIED FOODS
Keep your healthier choices truly healthy by grilling, baking, roasting, broiling or boiling them.
- Keep things interesting by adding low-cal condiments to your usual fare. A tangy barbecue sauce will give boiled chicken a kick. Lemon-herb dressing will complement broiled fish deliciously.
- Make sure your spice rack is always stocked with plenty of herbs and spices so you can doctor up your favorite dishes to your own taste without adding any additional fat or calories. Plant an herb garden and you'll never run out!
- If you often eat fast food, forget that "value meals" and "combos" even exist; they seem like a better deal, but they're just not worth the extra calories! Stick to a grilled chicken sandwich or a child's hamburger and a side salad (watch the dressing!) when you're on the run.
START WITH SOUP OR SALAD.
Having a salad or cup of soup for starters can be an at-home habit that pays off in pounds-lost. They can curb your hunger, prevent over-eating, and help you stay in control of portions, all of which are crucial to losing weight.
- Choose a broth- or tomato-based soup like minestrone (rather than a cream- or milk-based choice). Vegetable soup made with broth, stock, or tomato soup is ideal, because the veggies will help fill you up and give you a fiber and nutrition boost.
- Top your salad with low-cal dressing or balsamic vinegar. An added plus of having a salad before every meal is getting more fiber, something many of our diets are short on, which will also help you feel fuller sooner. Be sure to include lots of veggies and dark mixed greens like spinach in your salads.
FINISH WITH FRUIT.
Instead of reaching for the cookie jar or helping yourself to dessert after meals, make a point to finish off with naturally-sweet fruit instead of sinfully-sweet treats.
Not only will you save fat and calories, you will also have the added benefit of extra vitamins, minerals and fiber. Few of us eat as much fruit as recommended.
In time, you will become accustomed to foregoing sweets and you'll look forward to your healthier treat just as much.

CHANGE TWO: WHAT YOU DRINK

Sometimes it's easy to focus so much on what we eat that we forget to include what we drink in our diet analysis. That can be a big problem, because the number of liquid calories you can consume without even realizing is quite astounding.
PUT THE KIBOSH ON COLA CONSUMPTION.
If you drink regular soda, you may be surprised at just how many additional calories you're taking in.
For example, for every 20 ounces of Coca-Cola you drink, you're consuming 250 calories. Drink several glasses a day and you can easily down 1,000 liquid calories.
If you're attempting to consume around 1,500 to 1,600 calories a day in order to lose weight, you've almost blown your entire calorie budget on soda!
When you think about how many calories you eat on average and then add in those empty calories, you'll realize what a waste drinking these sugary drinks is -- literally -- they go straight to your waist!
If you drink a lot of soda, think of how many calories you'll be saving if you trade it in for diet soda or water. Hundreds? Even thousands? Remember, every 3,500 calories saved equals one pound lost!
DRINK UP THAT H₂0!
I know it sounds like a broken record, but it really is important to drink enough water every day. Reach for the rule-of-thumb goal of eight glasses per day.
Plus, drinking water more often will help you with tip #1 . You won't have time to drink soda! You may even find you crave water instead of soda once you begin drinking it more often.
Try going a day or two with no soda and then sit down to a glass; you'll probably be shocked at how overly-sweet it tastes.
DIET DRINK DILEMMA
Switching to diet sodas may sound like a sure-fire way to lose weight since they're virtually calorie-free. However, there is a controversial issue about artificial sweeteners' indirect effect on weight loss that might surprise you.
In the mid-1980's -- when the safety of artificial sweeteners was often headline news -- a study was published in a medical journal that suggested artificial sweeteners cause one's appetite to increase.
More recently, some health experts have suggested that artificial sweeteners actually cause cravings for sweet foods to increase. If so, this reaction definitely sets you up for making poor food choices. This can lead to a big problem, particularly if you tend to binge when you eat high-carb and sugar-rich foods.
STICK TO MINERAL WATER
This may go without saying, but they don't call it a beer belly for nothing. Alcoholic beverages are high-calorie and can lead to out-of-control eating. Try to cut down -- or better still, eliminate -- alcohol.

CHANGE THREE: WHAT YOU DO

Next up are some behavior modifications that will help you get -- and stay -- focused on losing weight and taking care of yourself.

KEEP A FOOD DIARY.
There is no better tool for weight management. Keeping a food journal consistently will show you your trouble areas, the foods that get you started on a binge, the worst times of day, etc.
I'd suggest you keep a detailed food diary for at least two weeks to accurately reflect your habits.
LEARN ABOUT NUTRITION.
Learn all you can about nutrition online, through books, or by taking a nutrition class at your local community college.

GET A HANDLE ON EMOTIONAL EATING.
If you feel you have issues with emotional eating, you may want to track your feelings in your food diary, too.
You should record how you feel before, during, and after eating. Periodically check over your entries to see what cues set you off to binge most often.
If you discover frequent binges or you can't seem to cope with stress or sadness without eating, you're an emotional eater. Don't hesitate to make an appointment with a qualified therapist or clinical social worker. Cognitive behavior therapy is extremely effective in treating over-eating due to emotions.
GET MOVING!
We're not talking chugging your way through a one hour aerobics class right away, here. Simply get outside and take a brisk walk for 10 minute every other day. That's all you have to do right now.
Remember, any activity is better than no activity. When you feel more comfortable, add 10 minute increments and/or walk more often.

(Note: Please get your doctor's approval before exercising if you have any health problems!)

How to Improve Your Memory

2011-06-13T13:27:00.000+05:00

Steps:

onvince yourself that you do have a good memory that will improve. Too many people get stuck here and convince themselves that their memory is bad, that they are just not good with names, that numbers just slip out of their minds for some reason. Erase those thoughts and vow to improve your memory. Commit yourself to the task and bask in your achievements -- it's hard to keep motivated if you beat yourself down every time you make a little bit of progress.
Exercise your brain. Regularly “exercising" the brain keeps it growing and spurs the development of new nerve connections that can help improve memory. By developing new mental skills—especially complex ones such as learning a new language or learning to play a new musical instrument—and challenging your brain with puzzles and games you can keep your brain active and improve its physiological functioning. Try some puzzle exercises everyday such as word cross, sudoku and some other games as easy to put into your mobile phone and practise it maybe once for 30 minutes per day.
Exercise daily. Regular aerobic exercise improves circulation and efficiency throughout the body, including in the brain, and can help ward off the memory loss that comes with aging. Exercise also makes you more alert and relaxed, and can thereby improve your memory uptake, allowing you to take better mental “pictures."
Reduce stress. Chronic stress, although it does not physically damage the brain, can make remembering much more difficult. After prolonged stress the brain will be damaged. Stressful situations are recognized by the hypothalamus, which in turn signals the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland secreted adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)which influences the adrenal glands to secrete adrenaline and later cortisol(corticosteroids). The corticosteroids can weaken the blood-brain barrier and damage the hippocampus(the memory center). Ironically, the hippocampus controls the secretion of the hormone released by the hypothalamus through a process of negative feedback. After chronic stress it will be damaged and it will not be as efficient in regulating the degenerative corticosteroids and memory will be harmed. Neurogenesis (formation of new neurons) indeed exists in the hippocampus but stress inhibits it. To recapitulate and synthesis, chronic stress will affect your health and your memory, it will damage the brain so the best option is to learn to control stress. Stress will never be eliminated, but it definitely can be controlled. [http://ezinearticles.com/?How-Stress-Effects-Neurotransmitters&id=19510]Even temporary stresses can make it more difficult to effectively focus on concepts and observe things. Try to relax, regularly practice yoga or other stretching exercises, and see a doctor if you have severe chronic stress as soon as possible.
Eat well and eat right. There are a lot of herbal supplements on the market that claim to improve memory, but none have yet been shown to be effective in clinical tests (although small studies have shown some promising results for ginkgo biloba and phosphatidylserine). A healthy diet, however, contributes to a healthy brain, and foods containing antioxidants—broccoli, blueberries, spinach, and berries, for example—and Omega-3 fatty acids appear to promote healthy brain functioning. Feed your brain with such supplements as Thiamine, Vitamin E, Niacin and Vitamin B-6. Grazing, eating 5 or 6 small meals throughout the day instead of 3 large meals, also seems to improve mental functioning (including memory) by limiting dips in blood sugar, which may negatively affect the brain.
Take better pictures. Often we forget things not because our memory is bad, but rather because our observational skills need work. One common situation where this occurs (and which almost everyone can relate to) is meeting new people. Often we don’t really learn people’s names at first because we aren’t really concentrating on remembering them. You’ll find that if you make a conscious effort to remember such things, you’ll do much better. One way to train yourself to be more observant is to look at an unfamiliar photograph for a few seconds and then turn the photograph over and describe or write down as many details as you can about the photograph. Try closing your eyes and picturing the photo in your mind. Use a new photograph each time you try this exercise, and with regular practice you will find you’re able to remember more details with even shorter glimpses of the photos.
Give yourself time to form a memory. Memories are very fragile in the short-term, and distractions can make you quickly forget something as simple as a phone number. The key to avoid losing memories before you can even form them is to be able to focus on the thing to be remembered for a while without thinking about other things, so when you’re trying to remember something, avoid distractions and complicated tasks for a few minutes.
Create vivid, memorable images. You remember information more easily if you can visualize it. If you want to associate a child with a book, try not to visualize the child reading the book – that's too simple and forgettable. Instead, come up with something more jarring, something that sticks, like the book chasing the child, or the child eating the book. It's your mind – make the images as shocking and emotional as possible to keep the associations strong.
Repeat things you need to learn. The more times you hear, see, or think about something, the more surely you’ll remember it, right? It’s a no-brainer. When you want to remember something, be it your new coworker’s name or your best friend's birthday, repeat it, either out loud or silently. Try writing it down; think about it.
Group things you need to remember. Random lists of things (a shopping list, for example) can be especially difficult to remember. To make it easier, try categorizing the individual things from the list. If you can remember that, among other things, you wanted to buy four different kinds of vegetables, you’ll find it easier to remember all four.
Organize your life. Keep items that you frequently need, such as keys and eyeglasses, in the same place every time. Use an electronic organizer or daily planner to keep track of appointments, due dates for bills, and other tasks. Keep phone numbers and addresses in an address book or enter them into your computer or cell phone. Improved organization can help free up your powers of concentration so that you can remember less routine things. Even if being organized doesn’t improve your memory, you’ll receive a lot of the same benefits (i.e. you won’t have to search for your keys anymore).
Try meditation. Research now suggests that people who regularly practice "mindfulness" meditation are able to focus better and may have better memories. Mindfulness (also known as awareness or insight meditation) is the type commonly practiced in Western countries and is easy to learn. Studies at Massachusetts General Hospital show that regular meditation thickens the cerebral cortex in the brain by increasing the blood flow to that region. Some researchers believe this can enhance attention span, focus, and memory.
Sleep well. The amount of sleep we get affects the brain's ability to recall recently learned information. Getting a good night's sleep – a minimum of seven hours a night – may improve your short-term memory and long-term relational memory, according to recent studies conducted at the Harvard Medical School.
Build your memorization arsenal. Learn pegs, memory palaces, and the Dominic System. These techniques form the foundation for mnemonic techniques, and will visibly improve your memory.
Venture out and learn from your mistakes. Go ahead and take a stab at memorizing the first one hundred digits of pi, or, if you've done that already, the first one thousand. Memorize the monarchs of England through your memory palaces, or your grocery list through visualization. Through diligent effort you will eventually master the art of memorization.

How to Be a Modern Ninja

2011-06-07T20:14:00.000+05:00

We all want or wanted to be a Ninja or ninja-ette at some point in our very short lives. But, most thought about how awesome or impossible it would be to be a Ninja with a black mask, samurai swords, and dropping from ceilings, but get real, will that ever happen in our modern day world? Today I will give you instructions of how to be a REAL modern Ninja, without going to jail for assassination of an enemy!

STEPS:

Don't think you can do every thing! Take it easy and your "ninjaness" will come with time! Don't do crazy jumping off buildings, or getting into fights with brass knuckles.
Do well in school. It sounds crazy I know but a Ninja must be knowledgeable, and know how to act in a situation.
DON'T OVER DO YOUR OUTFIT! Don't dress in all black, blend in with everyone else, whether it is a formal dress up, wedding, party or a normal day at school. Don't be noticed, part of being a ninja is blending in, like a SPY. But don't be anti social, the quiet people are closely watched.
ONLY BE VIOLENT IN AN EMERGENCY SITUATION, don't 'randomly snap someone's wrist, or arm, don't Ninja flip them, and don't kill them. I know boys it sounds boring, but oh well.
Don't go around saying you are a Ninja, part of being a Ninja is being a master spy. James Bond didn't randomly blurt out that he was a spy, he kept a secret.
Learn free running or Parkour, so you don't hurt yourself. Don't do stunts like flips and tricks without a professional spotter in the room or area with at LEAST a phone to call emergency services.
Be stealthy, be quiet, if you have a dog or cat, practice sneaking up them or a friend

Be safe
Don't blurt out your secret to friends
Find escape routes for any situation
Don't be afraid to try new tactics
Build your body
Eat healthy
Be respected
Be a Ninja

Warnings

Don't be a crazy Ninja
Don't show you're a Ninja
Don't be violent
Don't harm anyone unless it is an emergency
Don't dress like Movie Ninjas

How to House Train a Puppy

2011-05-08T09:43:00.000+05:00

Got a new pup? Unless you want him peeing all over the place, you'll need to train him. Here's how.

Steps

Understand dog behavior – dogs do not know right from wrong. What they understand is safe and dangerous. When your puppy comes into your house he doesn’t understand that it is “bad” behavior to urinate on your carpet.
- We want to teach your dog that going in the house is unacceptable. We do this by catching your dog in the act - not after the behavior has occurred but while the behavior is happening. Punishing your dog after the behavior has occurred can confuse your dog, making the house training process much more difficult.
Start to develop a schedule – Putting your dog on a feeding schedule during the house training process can make your efforts much more successful. A dog or puppy that is allowed to eat whenever she wants will make house training very difficult. Also, developing a schedule to take your dog outside will make it easier on you. Always bring a dog outside within 15 to 20 minutes after meals.
Acquire a kennel. It can be an airline type with a door or a simple laundry basket with a tray table lid hooked on. You can be creative, but basically he must not be able to escape. Most pups and dogs will not eliminate in their crate. When you need to go to work or have to leave the house for a while, you can put your pup in her crate. When you come home, you can immediately take her outside and not give her the opportunity to make a mistake in the house.
- Using a crate is excellent for young dogs. At some point in your dog’s life he will probably have to go into a crate. The vet, travel, and grooming visits all require your dog to go into a crate. It is better to get him used to one while he is young. However, note that if your kennel is too big, the dog may still excrete in it. Dogs will not "go" in their immediate territory. Some dogs will go within 9 to 10 feet, and some will go within 3 to 4 feet. Make sure your kennel is properly compact.
Have a designated area for your puppy to "go."
When you get your puppy home the first day, start puppy housebreaking him immediately. After he has been briefly introduced to his home and new surroundings, give him a drink of water and immediately take him outside to relieve himself. Take the puppy to the area you chose before bringing him home.
As soon as your puppy finishes, praise it excitedly and immediately take him inside. From that point on, take the puppy to the same housebreaking spot each time and encourage him with a command such as "go potty," "hurry up" or whatever you choose. Once she starts, don’t say anything else. Once your pup is finished, praise and reward her immediately. You need to let your dog know that she is doing the right behavior. During the housetraining process it is a good idea to take your dog out on leash. If you let your dog out into a fenced in area and you are not there, you will not be able to communicate to your dog that she is doing the right behavior.
Be consistent using this single command only with the process of puppy housebreaking so that the puppy will learn to associate this act with the command. This will be a huge help in the future, especially when in a new environment or location when traveling, visiting relatives/friends, etc. Being completely housebroken and completely reliable is the final outcome you are looking for.
Get everyone involved – if you live by yourself with your dog this step will be easy. If your dog lives in a house with more than one person, make sure that everyone is taking the steps to make the housetraining process quick and easy. The closer everyone sticks to the plan, the faster the training will progress.
Take up the puppy's water early in the evening and to not feed or water it after say, 6:00 at night, otherwise you may have to make more housebreaking potty trips than usual outside to let the puppy relieve itself.
Clean up any accidents (and there will be plenty) quickly and thouroughly. Hardwood (and tile) floors should be wiped cleaned, and then sprayed with a disinfectant. Carpets need to be cleaned with a carpet cleaner. This is probably the most important step because dogs have such a great sense of smell. If they can still smell the urine they will continue to urinate in that same spot. This is also why you should have a designated area outside.
- A lot of people get commercial cleaners at the supermarket. A lot of these products contain ammonia. Ammonia smells like urine to your dog. So if your dog urinates on the carpet and you clean with an ammonia product, your dog will come back to that spot and think that a strange dog has gone on the carpet. Your dog will eliminate again on that same spot to cover it.
- White, distilled vinegar and water works great. Follow up with baking soda, and vacuum up the residue when dry.
Let him be free in the house with supervision at first, for longer periods until you are sure he will ask to go out when he has to go. This strategy should not take more than two weeks for him to get the picture.

Tips

You must watch them like a hawk at all times - in the beginning of housebreaking especially. If you can not keep an eye on your puppy for some reason please put them in a safe and secure puppy proofed spot (such as a crate or some other small room with easy to clean floors, such as linoleum, closed off with a baby gate so you can peek in as needed).

If you are consistent in your puppy housebreaking in the very beginning, especially when it is inconvenient to you (late at night, while you are watching your favorite TV show, etc.), you will actually help the puppy housebreak itself to alert you when it "has to go."
There is a direct correlation between the time you actually put into the puppy housebreaking process and the speed in which the housebreaking of the puppy successfully occurs.
Note that leaving a puppy's food bowl out all day filled to the brim is a bad way to house train them (or keep them in shape). A puppy should be given 1/2 a cup of food and about 2 cups of water twice a day from weeks 1-15. as they grow, take it slowly. Don't rush from 1/2 a cup to 3 cups extremely quickly.
If there is a lot of crying at first, try not to encourage it by giving him a lot of attention at these times. You can move the kennel beside the bed and dangle your hand to comfort the babe on those first few nights. Afterwards, a slap on the top of the kennel and one firmly spoken "No" should let him know you are not pleased with the behavior. Try to tire him out so that you can get some sleep on the first few nights.
The seventh week is critical in a puppy's life, try not to scare the pup this week, handle with care, it will imprint on the rest of his life. Always reward good behavior with sweet talk and petting, ignore bad behavior as best you can. Placing them back in their kennel is not to be considered a punishment but is sometimes necessary, do it lovingly and with sweet talk if you can. They will soon learn that good behavior gives them more time with you and will seek that above all else.
Only punish a puppy for going in the house when you catch him in the act! If you find an accident, count it as your fault for not taking the puppy out enough. If you catch your puppy going in the house, grab him by the scruff of the neck (where his mother would pick him up) and say No! Picking him up by the scruff of his neck should have the effect of stopping him from whatever it is he is doing. If you pick him up and he doesn't stop urinating, then he can't hold it any more. Take the puppy outside immediately and let him finish. Lots of praise and a treat when they do.
Most dogs will learn to associate a specific door with going outside. As a puppy gets older, he will usually go to the door to be let out. Each dog will develop whatever habit gets him let out. For some this is barking, others running to the door and back to you, and others will scratch at the door (this should not be encouraged if you don't want to replace the door).
Dog training really boils down to timing, consistency, and motivation. When we are housetraining a dog, we need to make sure that our timing is good – catching your dog in the act. We need to make sure that we are consistent with the training – same feeding schedule, outside schedule, and everyone in the house is on the same page. Motivation is rewarding your dog for going outside and startling your dog when they start to eliminate in the house.
If you need to eliminate a smell, pour about a teaspoon of Vanilla Extract on the area where the dog has eliminated. The dog will no longer be able to smell his urine and will not have the urge to urinate there again

Warnings

A puppy should be taken out immediately (to a prearranged housebreaking area outside):
- when it wakes up first thing in the morning (before, if you manage to get up before the puppy).
- after each and every meal.
- after each and every nap.
- before he goes to bed for the night.
Remember that your puppy will get used to your schedule. So even if you have the day off, you will still need to get up to take your puppy outside around the same time as usual.

How to Improve Your Thinking Skills

2010-10-13T13:18:00.000+05:00

Having trouble with your thinking skills.Here are some tips to improve your thinking skills.

Steps:

Take some breathing exercises.The best way to breath is to take it from your belly.Many people do not know this mode of breathing.Take several slow breaths from your belly.Stomach breathing activates your brain.It helps you to improve your thinking skills and memory.
- Deep breathing also increases the oxygen flow to your brain cells.As a result they become more active.
Studies also have shown that Chewing gum also can help you improve you thinking skills.The act of chewing gum increases the flow of blood to your brain.People chewing gum are able to concentrate better and remember new information better.It is good to use sugar free gum to avoid any side effects.
You can also try arm circles.It is good to go to a place where no one can see you.It is enough to do 10-15 set of arm circles.To do an arm circle,just extend your arm straight out to the front.Then swing your arm all the way behind you and back to the front. Always keep your elbow blocked while performing these exercises.It will increase you heart rate which is considered good for your brain.
Make use of some brain games. Puzzles and brainteasers force your mind to get in active mode. The various types like crossword puzzles, Sudoku, etc can be made use of for this purpose.
Drink enough water.Don't go for sodas,colas or coffee.Don't eat chocolate or sweets. They'll decrease your ability to concentrate and remember things. It is said that many people are dehydrated a;; the time and don't realize it. You brain is easily affected by it.Therefore,make sure that you drink enough water.
Having too much food that contains fat or sugar will badly affect your thinking skills. Taking not meals can make you tired. Therefore, eat a small, balanced meal. Include foods that help the brain operate well, such as fish, vegetables, and whole grains.
When you are trying to study try using all the senses. The different parts of your brain remember different sense impressions. For example images are stored in one area and sounds in another.
When you study new information, set a timer. Allot only a specific amount of time to learn the material. You can again subdivide them. Maybe some thing like this,10 minutes to read, 20 minutes to review and 10 minute to recite. It will force you to focus because you know that you time is limited.

Tips:

Meditation can be helpful to think better.Start with 5 minutes in the morning and five minutes before bed,every day.
If you get better sleep you'll be able to think better.
As said before puzzles can be really helpful.They force you to think of something very deeply.They make you brain work.They bring out all the reasoning ability in you.Try to buy a book of puzzles to have better practice.

How to Defend Yourself in a Fight at School

2010-07-11T13:01:00.002+05:00

Sometimes, despite your best efforts, someone may try to attack you. Even without martial arts or self-defense training, you can still defend yourself.

Steps

Walk or run away if you can. At school, you need to yell for a teacher. Your reputation isn't worth being put in the hospital. If you are out on the street, find a busy building to get into, for you WON'T be kidnapped. But always remember that teachers will definitely always help you. If they don't, that is a problem you need to take to an administrator.
Try to talk them down. Don't respond to their taunts or personal attacks. Try saying something like "Okay, we are about to fight over something stupid" or "I'm sure we can work this out". Make it sound cool, but not offensive as to provoke them even more.
Turn to the side to make yourself a smaller target if there is no where to go or you can't get away. Do not raise your hands yet; you want to be defensive, not aggressive. Try to keep your opponent well away from you, because chances are if they get within a few feet of you, you will be attacked.
If they start to swing at you, raise your hands in a defensive posture. Put your leading arm (same side as your front foot) in front of your face and head, with your fist about 2 inches below your forehead. Use your other arm to cover the center of your chest and stomach.
Shout "NO!", "Stop!" and/or "Don't!" loudly and with a lot of force. Shouting forcefully can often stop attackers in their tracks, and they don't expect it, and may give you time to get away.
Dodge. Weave, duck, and bob. There's a reason boxers learn to do it. Air is more effective at taking punches than you are.
Try to get away again. Move around your attacker; don't let them back you into a wall or corner. If you can, back them into a corner.
With your back to the wall, but not touching it, you only have to worry about 180 degrees of multiple attackers. With sharp tight pivots, you can use the wall as a resting place for an attacker's face. Move, move, move!!!!
Resist the temptation to punch them in the face. Unless you get really lucky, all that you will do is anger your attacker and provoke them to further attack and act agressive towards you.
If you find yourself in a situation where you absolutely must defend yourself with physical force, the best place to attack someone is their solar plexus; a spot in the center of the torso just between the ribs. This will confuse their nerves and cause them to have difficulty breathing for a few minutes, but will have no severe or lasting effects.
If you find yourself in a situation where you absolutely must defend yourself -- Alternate method (should only be attempted if you have been trained to do so): Non-aggressively raise both of your hands to head level with your fists open and palms facing the aggressor. Try to talk the person who wants to fight you out of it one last time. If they make any sudden movements towards you, with your dominant hand reach past the opposing side of your head (as if you are going to grab your ear) while raising your stance with your toes. Then strike downward at a 35-45 degree angle towards the aggressor's neck with the back of your hand -Palm Open. Drop your stance and twist your shoulders into the strike to increase the power. If done correctly this will either temporarily shut down half of the assailant's body or knock them out. Do not strike with the edge of your hand! There are two reasons why doing so is a bad idea. First and foremost, striking with the edge of your hand displaces only one vertebra. It could permanently disable them and land you in jail. Second, unless you know what you are doing you will most likely break your hand while failing to hit them with enough force to render them a non-threat. After this strike, even if they are just dazed, get away. It is unlawful to continue a fight once you have a chance to escape.
Punching the face will probably break your hand. There are too many great soft spots that can take the fight out of most aggressors. Put your whole body weight and "english" into each strike to make it count. One is all it takes.
Forget about fighting fair. This step is only if you are in serious danger! Stamp on their feet, kick them in the groin (it works on women too), scratch and bite (bite with your side teeth, gnash, grind, shake), and pull their hair. Try to avoid kicking in a street fight unless you know how to correctly execute one. Don't forget the joints, especially knees (you don't have to cripple the attacker, you can kick him to the ground and run like the wind), elbows (you can't throw a punch with half your arm in a pain of sprain)and the shoulders.
Run! Hopefully you incapacitated them for a few seconds, which should give you enough time to sprint to safety.
Call your local emergency number report the assault. The sooner you call, the better your chances of your actions being reported as self-defense.
If you are in a fight, I would recommend a backup plan just in case things go wrong.
Scream and run.
Stomp on their feet/foot and run through the surrounding crowd.
Dodge all their punches.
Call for help from a teacher or another authority.
Try not to walk in places where there are drunk people walking around. Don't go down alleyways, or through gas station stores for no reason. Keep yourself safe. That's the most important thing.
If you are at school people usually punch to the face. This is what I like to call the "Step'n Stab".
Make yourself narrow.
Once done take your front foot in your narrow stance and step over so your face is out of their reach.(DONT STEP TO THE SIDE!)in other words,you are in a front stance or your foot is almost beside theirs but back in a safe distance.it will be in an intermediate direction like north west,southwest ect.
Take your fist and drive it into their solar plexus.
DON'T JAB, KEEP GOING!Dont jab the punch to the solar plexus,keep driving your fist in it.This works best in a wall.
Take your back leg and step up with your fist in their solar plexus. Now the stance should be switched with your opponent stunned.

Tips

The most commonly thrown opening punch is the right hook, watch out for this, if you see it coming duck under it and counter.
Easiest way to start and end a fight at the same time is left jab, left jab, right cross (unless your a lefty then it is the right right left). If they block those, try a kick to the kneecap. Then run.
Confusion many times saves you. Blocks, full out punches, shutos, palm strikes to soft areas (neck, diaphragm, jaw, etc. mixed in with kicks to knee, outside/inside thigh, foot stomps, etc. Overwhelm him with fierce variety.
The easiest way to defend yourself in a fight is to not be in one. Be polite and courteous, and try not to cause trouble with people that you know want to pick a fight with you. Make it very public and audible. If you can't get clear of a fight then at least you'll have witnesses to back you up in court!
If you have to fight, try to use their own momentum against them. if they punch, try to dodge to one side and "help them on their way" with a push to the back, or a punch to the attackers ribs/ back. this should wind them and give you a chance to escape

Warnings

Don't try to start a fight.
Only engage in combat as a last resort.
If using a weapon, don't let the attempting attacker get it! Actually use it!
Remember, if you hit back at your attacker, you may be brought to court (no matter how young you are). Make sure you're aware of the laws in your area surrounding assault.
Don't encourage your opponent to fight.
The legal and moral definition of self-defense only extends so far. There have been numerous cases where the original attacker has won a civil or criminal case against his victim because the so-called victim used excess force. However, if your attacker verbally threatens not only your safety but your life, or if he contacts your throat, the law specifically cites that your life has been threatened, and you may use whatever force is necessary.
Sometimes, no matter how hard you try to defuse the conflict, your attacker will keep coming; at this point it is simple - knock them out before they knock you out!
Defend the back of your neck with your life. The parts of your brain that control breathing and pulse are in a cavity at the back of your head. If these get damaged you're down for good.

How to Save Power on a Laptop

2010-07-11T12:55:00.000+05:00

So you want to save some juice on your laptop... find out how!

Steps

Be sure to make the brightness of your computer to the lowest setting that is comfortable. To do this, look for a purple "fn" button on the keyboard(usually next to the left ctrl key, sometimes the key has blue lettering instead of purple). After you've found the "fn" button, quickly search for another key with a purple or blue sun with an up or down arrow(usually on the arrow keys or on one of the F1-F12 keys). Now while holding "fn" press the button with the purple/blue sun and a down arrow.
Turn off all background programs that are not needed because they take up processor space which will use more battery.
Check that bluetooth and/or wireless adapter is off (if it's built in).
Be sure to eject any discs out of your CD or DVD drive if you do not need them. The disc will still be spinning inside and consumes a ton of energy.
If you are running very low on power, or are watching a DVD, your laptop may have a way to turn off the LED lights (Power light, hard drive activity light, etc.). Check your owners manual to see how.
Unplug any USB devices you are not using (iPods, Flash Drives, External USB mice, etc.). Many of these devices draw power from your USB port, up to 500 mA (about a half an Amp) and 5 volts. It adds up quickly depending on how many you have plugged in.
When you are not going to use your laptop for a short time, put it into standby or sleep mode. This will only leave dire essential components in the computer running such as the memory. And allow you to resume working on your computer quickly.
When you are not going to be using your laptop for a even longer time, put it into hibernate(Shift+Standby Button) mode. It will have the same effect as turning the computer off, but it will allow you to go back to working on your laptop just like in standby and uses little to no power from the battery.

Tips

You can always buy extra batteries for your computer!
The best way, though not effective for travel, is to use your power cord.

Micro economics Notes

2010-06-17T09:36:00.000+05:00

NOTES_FOR__MICROECONOMICS

How to Be Good in Sports

2010-06-15T15:31:00.000+05:00

If you are not THE sports person of your class and you want to improve yourself, this article is for you to read.

Steps

1
Find your favorite sport. You don't need to excell at all sports, right now your favorite one will do fine.
Engage yourself and decide how many time you are going to practice this sport. If you have the will you can make it, a little hard work should do the trick.
Join a club. Seeing other people practicing with you should give you enthousiasme to continue.
Join competitions. Even if you are at a low level, competition teaches you to have sports spirit and patience.
Try to train your resistance and speed. For those two caracteristcs help with ALL kinds of sports
Have fun while training, palying and enduring

Tips

If you form a group and practice together it would be more fun
Have encouragements from your environment
Practice every single day!

Warnings

Don't exhaust yourself
Have supervision for safety
Always obey safety conditions
The most two important things are PRACTICE and PATIENCE

How to Build Muscle

2010-06-11T18:22:00.001+05:00

Your body builds muscle naturally in response to strenuous activity. But if your daily routine doesn't involve challenging your muscles to grow, how do you trigger the muscle-building process? It doesn't happen overnight (as any bodybuilder can tell you) but you'll be well on your way to "bulking up" if you follow these steps consistently.

Steps

Develop a program. Decide which exercises you'll do on which days. Some exercises focus on a specific muscle (e.g. bicep curl) while other exercises call upon several muscles at once (e.g. squat). The important thing is to make sure each muscle gets a chance to rest for at least a full day before using it again. For example, you can do a full-body weight training routine every other day (with cardio in between, if you want) or you can alternate muscle groups (arms on Monday, legs on Tuesday, upper back and chest on Wednesday, etc.)Do Calisthenics or Compound Exercises . Push-ups, Pull-ups, Dips, Pistols, Reverse Crunches, etc. These exercises are functional and encourage your body to use primary muscle groups, secondary muscle groups, stabilizing muscles as well as your core. Add weight when these exercises get easy.
- Muscles grow during rest, not during training. If you don't give a muscle adequate time to recover, you'll actually interfere with the muscle building process. When you lift weight, you're supposed to stress the muscle to the extent that it breaks down at the cellular level, resulting in increased protein synthesis, which produces thicker muscle fibers. This process begins 2-4 hours after the workout and lasts 24 hours (although some researchers suggest that muscles worked to exhaustion need 36-48 hours to rebuild). If you stress the muscle again before the process is complete, you'll break down the muscle fibers before they've had a chance to rebuild.
- To build volume rather than strength, design your program around lots of repetitions (8 to 12), three to five sets, and short (30- to 90-second) rest periods between sets. Athletes looking for power and strength, on the other hand, will favor a program with reps that max out at around six and sets ranging from two to six, with a long rest period (two to five minutes) to promote better recovery between sets.
Practice good form. Learn how to do each exercise properly (full extension of movement, proper stance and posture, etc.) or else you'll not only reduce the effectiveness of the movement, but you'll also be increasing the risk of injury. To master each exercise, learn to do it slowly with light weight. Your form will improve with practice. Even though you might feel more accomplished when you move quickly, you're depending on momentum to do some of the work for you, instead of your muscles. Do each rep slowly, in a controlled and steady fashion. More advanced lifters are able to benefit to a significant extent through explosive repetitions, but since this also compounds the risk of injury in novice athletes, it is solely recommended for more advanced athletes.
Lift to fatigue. As mentioned earlier, in order to trigger the muscle building process, you need to stress the muscle. By the final rep of your final set, your muscle should be exhausted. That should be the last rep you can do with perfect form. If you start losing form before then because your muscles are too tired, you're using too much weight. If you find that you can add in one or more reps in good form, you need to add on some weight.
- Ask someone to "spot" you, so that you can safely push your muscles to the point where they fail. Your spotter can then help you with the weight just enough so that you can complete the motion. Having a spotter for exercises like bench press is normal and expected, so don't be shy to ask someone. And if you can't find a spotter, don't lift to failure on any exercise where a dropped weight could injure you.
Change your eating habits. You can't build muscle unless you give your body the proper building blocks to do so (and stop giving it junk). There are also plenty of supplements which can give you energy and aid in muscle recovery and repair, but remember, they are supplements, which means they only work in conjunction with a good, consistently followed exercise regimen and a proper diet.
- Incorporate complex carbs and protein into your diet. Focus on lean protein like egg whites and low fat yogurt, and whole grain carbs like oatmeal and whole-wheat toast. Avoid sugary, white processed foods; they interfere with your glucose levels and immune system.
- Eat small meals throughout the day. This gives your body a steady supply of fuel to build muscle. Eating in "spurts" (2-3 large meals per day) should be avoided because it hinders muscle growth during the stretches between meals. You should eat 5 to 6 small meals a day.
- Since creatine provides energy, take this supplement about 45 minutes before a workout. Look for products that pair creatine with carbs, as this combination increases the rate at which the creatine is absorbed by your muscles. Consuming creatine with a glass of juice will have the same effect.
- Drink sports drinks during your workout. Look for drinks that contain carbs and protein. This combination reduces muscle damage and hastens recovery.
- Get a carb-loaded drink or snack (1.5g of carbs for each 2.2 lbs that you weigh) within 30 minutes of your workout to stimulate an enzyme that helps the body produce glycogen.
- Have a whey protein drink within 30 minutes of your workout to help your body repair and rebuild lean muscle tissue.
Change your routine every four to six weeks. As your body adapts to stress, you'll hit a plateau where the benefits of weight training will begin to diminish. The only way to prevent this from happening is to change things up, such as by increasing weight and changing exercises.

Tips

Do cardio! Your body needs 15-30 minutes of cardio a day at least, do 15 minutes a day on your training days and at least 30 minutes a day on your recovery days. Remember that ripped does not always mean strong, it means low bodyfat. Most strong men of the world are not ripped but are actually stocky, a bodybuilder counters this by eating 5-6 planned out meals a day, if you find yourself overeating then extra cardio is a must to stay ripped and build muscle. If you do an excessive amount of cardio daily then you may be able to have a bit of breathing room and eat a bit more, if you do more than 90 minutes of cardio daily find out how many calories you are burning and consume them in excess to replace them so that your body will burn fat and not muscle.
Eating correctly costs a lot of money. If you have a limited budget, spend your money on your needed weekly food before spending it on supplements. Creatine works for many people but is a waste if you are not eating enough of the proper food to build muscle.
To continue building more and more muscle, increase the difficulty of your exercise routine.
Train to complete failure. This means you should do as many repetitions as physically possible on each set. This will ensure the most muscle tearing, and allow them to grow back bigger.
Choose a weight that will allow you to do about 8-12 reps per set.
Always take off or reduce your intensity/volume by at least 50% every 5 weeks to avoid over training, and to keep making gains.
Warnings
- Many people you will encounter in a gym have misguided ideas about physiology and proper athletic programming. There's a lot of "gym mythology" floating around. Take others' suggestions with a grain of salt, and always ask for sources (like the ones provided below).
- Know your limit for exercise. Trying to be macho and doing too much can hurt you.
- Don't be intimidated or make assumptions when you see someone using a different amount of weight than you. James Beckett can't even lift 1kg. They may be on a program where they're doing less reps with more weight, or vice versa.

How to Train Your Dog to Hunt

2010-06-10T16:34:00.002+05:00

Ever been waterfowl hunting without a bird dog? There is nothing quite like hunting near a lake on a frozen winter day, shooting a duck, swimming in the near freezing water to collect your prize, and swimming back to shore with duck in mouth. Let’s face it: all serious waterfowl hunters understand and appreciate the convenience and rewards of a hunting partner with four legs. With the proper training your dog will not only be able to help you successfully hunt waterfowl, it will also serve as an obedient, loving, lifelong friend. If you want to fill your hunting bags with birds and your heart with love, follow these simple steps to choose, train, and develop a first class waterfowl hunting dog. This method does not work with all dogs. It works best with Spaniels, Terriers, Pointers, and Retrievers.

Steps

Research the different breeds of water dogs. There are many dogs suitable for hunting waterfowl. Some of the most popular are Labrador Retrievers,Golden Retrievers and Springer Spaniels. Look into the different breeds and decide which one is best for you and your hunting adventures. You should also be mindful of the amount of care a particular breed will need. Some dogs require a lot of room to run, for example, while others are more sedentary. Choose a dog that you can provide a good home for.
Pick out a puppy. Although there are many adult dogs that are trained to hunt waterfowl, it is generally best to train your own puppy. Not only will a puppy allow you the time to train the dog for your hunting style, starting with a puppy will also ensure a loyal dog that is bonded and conditioned to its owner. Make sure you use a reputable breeder; you can research breeders online or at your local dog or hunting clubs.
Introduce the puppy to water when they are little. Instill the idea that water is good, water is fun, and playing in water is a way to earn rewards and other positive reinforcement. You can start in a small wading pool at first, and in no time your dog will be ready for the open water.
Teach your dog to sit and stay. Although these are basic and cliché dog commands, they serve as the foundational commands for more complex hunting demands. Use food as a way to teach sitting. Hold food over the dog’s head. Give the command to sit while simultaneously pressing gently on the dog’s hind legs. As soon as the dog sits give it a treat. Repeat this over and over. Soon your dog will sit at the first glance of a treat. Eventually, he or she will sit without requiring a treat.
Introduce your dog to decoys and to the scent of waterfowl. It is important that your dog quickly understand the difference between a real duck and a decoy. You can utilize waterfowl scent and dummies to train your dog. Be sure to set decoys far away from the dog before throwing the dummy so they are able to find out where the dummy is and knows the difference between a real bird and a decoy.
Practice daily, if possible. Make waterfowl training a fun, rewarding experience for your dog.
Reinforce positive behavior with positive rewards. When you attach a scent to a decoy or training device, throw it in the water, and see your dog fetch the trainer and return it to you, make sure to let your dog know what a good job it has done. There is nothing a dog wants more than to please its owner, and to establish a lifelong hunting partnership it is important to let your dog know from a young age that retrieving game is something he or she will be rewarded for.
Expose your dog to actual hunting situations before taking it out into the field. A dog that is trained only in theory may not perform to expectations in the field. A dog that is expected to perform around guns needs to be trained in the presence of guns. Take your waterfowl dog with you when you target practice, or set up simulated hunts in a proper shooting area. The key point is that your dog has to be prepared for actual situations if you expect it to perform like a seasoned hunter. Condition your dog prior to the hunt. You want your dog at peak performance in the field.
Use training dummies early and often. The more you train your dog to the scent and feel of waterfowl, the more your dog will impress you in the field. Remember, a dog’s biggest pleasure is pleasing its owner, so if you show appreciation for good behavior in practice your dog will certainly please you in hunting situations.
Train your dog in a boat prior to a hunt if boats are going to be used. Load it in and out, and practice retrieving dummies from the boat..#
Simplify the training by keeping it simple. Your basic goal is to get your dog to retrieve the bird. In your training program focus on rewarding your dog for retrieving the training dummy. It is in the natural instincts of a retriever to want to go after, retrieve, and return a shot bird. It is the job of the owner to get the dog trained to consistently and methodically do so.

Tips

Don’t be afraid to use treats in training your dog. Again, you are trying to reinforce good deeds, and a treat means an awful lot to your faithful companion.
Use actual hunting scenarios as much as possible in the training phase.
In training, start out shooting away from the dog and slowly adjust until you are shooting right over the dog, so that it won't be afraid during actual hunting.
Research waterfowl dog training on the internet or consider purchasing one of many training videos; if nothing you do seems to work, enlist the help of an experienced trainer.
At least one person has used films with the sound of guns in them successfully to achieve this.
JOIN A HRC (Hunting Retriever Club)In your area. Search Hrc in the google search box..These clubs are everywhere in the US

Warnings

Dogs are animals; they are not human. Do not expect your dog to automatically understand what you want it to do. Training a dog to hunt waterfowl takes time, patience, and positive reinforcement. Don’t get mad at your dog if it doesn’t understand your commands. If your dog isn’t learning, the problem is probably you: explore as many training methods as possible, and be prepared to devote plenty of time to training.
You can not learn to train a dog by reading or via the internet..
You learn by doing and making mistakes...
Most of the training is common sense something that is in short supply today..

Things You'll Need

Dog
Waterfowl decoys and dummies
A lot of time
Real birds
Land to train on.. Shoot on
Leash or some sort of training restraints (if training a pup)

How to Protect Yourself from a Stray Dog

2010-06-09T23:19:00.000+05:00

When encountering an unknown dog without an owner (a "stray"), many people's first instinct is fear. However, with a little knowledge, you can feel more secure and know what to do if this happens, to you.

Steps

Gauge the dog's demeanor. Is it aggressive or afraid? Signs of aggression include: baring teeth, lifted tail, raised ears and hackles (the fur behind the neck, in many large breeds the hackles are very easy to see when they are lifted). Signs of fear include tucking the tail, laid back ears and also snarling or barking. Barking is a sure sign that the dog doesn't want you any closer than you already are.
Do not be mislead by breed stereotypes. Look for body language to understand what the dog is trying to convey. A dog's behavior is determined more by its training (or lack thereof) than its genetics.
Most dogs, big and small, are not aggressive and are likely to be afraid of you. The most common situation is that a dog is lost, scared, and doesn't trust you. Even if they look frightening, their first instinct will be to repel you and get away.
For scared dogs, back away slowly until the dog is at ease. Do not try to command them. Note your location and, if the dog is unknown to you, call animal control immediately. If you know who the dog belongs to, of course, call them first!
For an aggressive dog, the first priority should be to protect yourself. Do not run, as the dog will catch you and will be encouraged to bite. Many dogs instinctively know how to "take down" a runner, and the last place you want to be is on the ground. Search for something to climb onto and call for help.
If there is nothing that can safely remove you from an aggressive dog, you should use your arm to deflect or absorb any bites. Do not aggravate an aggressive dog by shouting at it or staring into its eyes. Eye contact is aggressive and will likely spur an attack.
Very few dogs will actually bite a human being, if unprovoked. Stay calm and try to keep your stance tall and confident. Walk away, if you aren't being chased, and call animal control at the first opportunity. Dogs are pack animals. When they are alone, they are not usually looking for confrontation.

Tips

If you talk in an angry voice, this might frighten the dog and could lead to aggressiveness.
Don't try to pet the dog.

Warnings

If a dog ever attacks you, it is best to not let it knock you down. Stand your ground, and shield yourself. Keep the dog in front of you, and keep anything between you and the dog.
If a dog knocks you to the ground, you should curl into a ball and cover your head and neck with your arms. Some dogs may lose interest if you "play dead."
If you are bitten, go to a doctor ASAP and get a rabies vaccine.

How to Become a Motivational Speaker

2010-06-05T12:13:00.001+05:00

Are you an engaging speaker who has had many interesting, rewarding experiences? Motivate yourself to motivate others and get paid for doing so.

Steps:

Evaluate your special "message". Consider what it is that you have to say that would be of value to others--have you experienced great adversity, or received some special education? In order to succeed as a motivational speaker, you must have something special to deliver.
Carve out your niche. Motivational speaking is, in many ways, a product that must be sold. Why should someone pay to hear you impart your message? Be able to articulate your unique experiences and explain exactly how you can inspire others.
Create an outline of your presentation. This will be used not only to provide a framework for your talk but also as a marketing piece for potential clients. Furthermore, many people are visual learners and can gain more from a visual representation than a spoken one.
Contact large, not-for-profit corporations and professional groups and make it clear you are available. While there is nothing wrong with directly asking for a gig, announcing your availability will let them feel privileged to work with you.
Contact speakers' bureaus and notify them of your availability. Some speakers' bureaus charge you to list your services, others charge nothing. Most bureaus take a percentage for acting as your agent. Search for "speakers' bureaus" on the Internet.
You must be willing to work for free to get your name out. Once others hear your interesting story or experience, they may want to hire you. Inform everyone you know that you are looking for organizations who want a good motivational speaker. Volunteer to speak at service clubs in your area.
Write and publish articles or books if possible, in order to establish yourself as an authority in your subject. You do not need to publish a book people will find in the local bookstore. Post to websites like wikiHow and submit to on-line magazines and blogs.
Draw up a written agreement, or contract, for all engagements. The written agreement should contain, among other matters, how the fees will be paid (e.g., cash, check, over time), how long you are expected to speak, whether you will be reimbursed for travel expenses, and the time and date. This will help to avoid any disputes at a later time.
Always ask for feedback every after a presentation even if you feel confident that you have nailed it. Whether you prefer that the audience fill-up a standard form or just ask them to drop you a note at a fishbowl on a side table, chances are good that you will be a better motivational speaker if you develop this habit. Positive feedback will inspire you while negative feedback will make you aspire to do better. After all, FEEDBACK is indeed the breakfast of champions.

Tips:

Join a local Toastmasters Club. You will learn and practice everything you need to know when presenting a Motivational Speech, as well as any other type of speech.
Proceed through a speaker certification class like the one offered through Blue Star Business Institute. Those kinds of classes pick up where Toastmasters leaves off. They teach you how to actually solidify your talk and seek out paid speaking engagements.
Dress consistent with the perception you wish to convey. If you want to convey professionalism and success, business attire is probably best. Some motivational speakers use clothing to make a point in their presentation.
Speak clearly and repeat your main messages at least three times.
Keep it fun and lively. Audience participation is a great way for adults to learn, and you can do this in any number of ways. For example, one speaker handed out raisins and slowly took the audience through the life of that raisin and all that had to happen for that raisin to be in their hands. This kind of activity makes the audience feel part of the speech and facilitates learning. Remember that any activities must be relevant to the topic you are speaking on.
Avoid using filler words like: um, uh, eh, etc. Also, try not to have an awkward pause fill your speech because you forgot what to say. This drastically decreases the power of your speech. No matter what anyone tells you, people WILL remember that pause. However, don't get nervous because of this fact. Be confident and well rehearsed.
Keep current business cards and contact information with you at all times. A chance encounter can lead to a speaking engagement. For example, one speaker landed a job after passing a business card to a woman he met while waiting in line to order a pizza. Free and low cost business cards are available from VistaPrint.

COMPUTER

2010-06-05T04:05:00.000+05:00

WHAT IS COMPUTER?

Computer programmable machine. The two principal characteristics of a computer are:

It responds to a specific set of instructions in a well-defined manner.

It can execute a prerecorded list of instructions (a program).

Modern computers are electronic and digital. The actual machinery -- wires, transistors, and circuits -- is called hardware; the instructions and data are called software.

All general-purpose computers require the following hardware components:

memory : Enables a computer to store, at least temporarily, data and programs.

mass storage device : Allows a computer to permanently retain large amounts of data. Common mass storage devices include disk drives and tape drives.

input device : Usually a keyboard and mouse, the input device is the conduit through which data and instructions enter a computer.

output device : A display screen, printer, or other device that lets you see what the computer has accomplished.

central processing unit (CPU): The heart of the computer, this is the component that actually executes instructions.

In addition to these components, many others make it possible for the basic components to work together efficiently. For example, every computer requires a bus that transmits data from one part of the computer to another.

Computers can be generally classified by size and power as follows, though there is considerable overlap:

personal computer : A small, single-user computer based on a microprocessor. In addition to the microprocessor, a personal computer has a keyboard for entering data, a monitor for displaying information, and a storage device for saving data.

workstation : A powerful, single-user computer. A workstation is like a personal computer, but it has a more powerful microprocessor and a higher-quality monitor.

minicomputer : A multi-user computer capable of supporting from 10 to hundreds of users simultaneously.

mainframe : A powerful multi-user computer capable of supporting many hundreds or thousands of users simultaneously.

supercomputer : An extremely fast computer that can perform hundreds of millions of instructions per second.

What is Software?

Computer software, or just software is a general term used to describe a collection of computer programs, procedures and documentation that perform some tasks on a computer system.

The term includes:

Application software such as word processors which perform productive tasks for users.
Firmware which is software programmed resident to electrically programmable memory devices on board mainboards or other types of integrated hardware carriers.
Middleware which controls and co-ordinates distributed systems.
System software such as operating systems, which interface with hardware to provide the necessary services for application software.
Software testing is a domain independent of development and programming. It consists of various methods to test and declare a software product fit before it can be launched for use by either an individual or a group. Many tests on functionality, performance and appearance are conducted by modern testers with various tools such as QTP, Load runner, Black box testing etc to edit a checklist of requirements against the developed code. ISTQB is a certification that is in demand for engineers who want to pursue a career in testing.
Testware which is an umbrella term or container term for all utilities and application software that serve in combination for testing a software package but not necessarily may optionally contribute to operational purposes. As such, testware is not a standing configuration but merely a working environment for application software or subsets thereof.

Software includes websites, programs, video games, etc. that are coded by programming languages like C, C++, etc.

"Software" is sometimes used in a broader context to mean anything which is not hardware but which is used with hardware, such as film, tapes and records.

Relationship to computer hardware:

Computer software is so called to distinguish it from computer hardware, which encompasses the physical interconnections and devices required to store and execute (or run) the software. At the lowest level, software consists of a machine language specific to an individual processor. A machine language consists of groups of binary values signifying processor instructions that change the state of the computer from its preceding state. Software is an ordered sequence of instructions for changing the state of the computer hardware in a particular sequence. It is usually written in high-level programming languages that are easier and more efficient for humans to use (closer to natural language) than machine language. High-level languages are compiled or interpreted into machine language object code. Software may also be written in an assembly language, essentially, a mnemonic representation of a machine language using a natural language alphabet. Assembly language must be assembled into object code via an assembler.

The term "software" was first used in this sense by John W. Tukey in 1958. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all computer programs. The theory that is the basis for most modern software was first proposed by Alan Turing in his 1935 essay Computable numbers with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem.

Types of software:

Practical computer systems divide software systems into three major classes: system software, programming software and application software, although the distinction is arbitrary, and often blurred.

System software

System software helps run the computer hardware and computer system. It includes:

device drivers,
operating systems,
servers,
utilities,
windowing systems,

The purpose of systems software is to unburden the applications programmer from the details of the particular computer complex being used, including such accessory devices as communications, printers, readers, displays, keyboards, etc. And also to partition the computer's resources such as memory and processor time in a safe and stable manner.

Programming software

Programming software usually provides tools to assist a programmer in writing computer programs, and software using different programming languages in a more convenient way. The tools include:

compilers,
debuggers,
interpreters,
linkers,
text editors,

An Integrated development environment (IDE) is a single application that attempts to manage all these functions.

Application software

Application software allows end users to accomplish one or more specific (not directly computer development related) tasks. Typical applications include:

industrial automation,
business software,
computer games,
telecommunications, (i.e., the internet and everything that flows on it)
databases,
educational software,
medical software,

What is Hardware?
computer hardware as the electronic, magnetic, and electric devices that carry out the computing functions. Hardware is the physical components of the computer like microprocessor, hard disks, RAM, and motherboard. The peripheral devices such as monitor, mouse, keyboard, printer, and speakers can also be included in the list of hardware parts.

WAP

2010-06-05T03:53:00.000+05:00

WHAT IS WAP?
WAP stands for "WIRELESS APPLICATION PROTOCOL". WAP is a standard for mobile communication systems. WAP allows wireless/mobile devices to access and retrieve information from a number of information sources mainly from world wide web.In short we can say that WAP converts mobile phone into a mini web browser.

PARTS OF WAP ENABLED SYSYTEM:
There are three major components of a WAP-enabled communication system:
WAP-gateway
HTTP web server
WAP- device (i.e. mobile phone)

FUNCTION OF WAP:
WAP allows us:
To read internet based Email.
To send internet based Email.
Retrieve informationfrom internet.
M-commerce (mobile commerce).

LIMITATION OF WAP:
Yes, it is the size of the screen of your mobile phone that is the greatest hurdle in the way of WAP.You know very well that your mobile phone is a pocket sized device with very small screen, therefore, it is not possible to view high resolution eye catching images and heavy text at a time.WAP supports only grey scale images in ".wbmp" format.

HOW WAP WORKS?
WAP source files are located on the web server and these files are transported by using HTTP to WAP gateway.Gateway behaves as a compiler for source code and converts it into byte code and finally send it to your mobile phone via WAP.

Internet

2010-03-24T15:15:00.001+05:00

How to use Internet

BACKGROUND

· The Internet as we know it today began around 1969 with ARPANet, a network created by the United States Department of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency.

· Originally connecting four universities, the network allowed scientists across the country to share information and resources through their computers.

· In 1983, ARPANet decides to use TCP/IP as a standard protocol for all computers connected to the network to talk to each other.

· In 1993, the World Wide Web (www) came into being.

· World Wide Web uses hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) and hypertext links that change the way information can be organized, presented and accessed on the Internet.

WHAT IS THE INTERNET?

· The Internet also referred to as the Net, Information Superhighway, or Cyberspace, is the largest electronic network which enables computers connected to the network to share data and resources

· The Internet is not owned by any one organization but rather made up of individual networks which own their own servers (to hold the data) and routers and switches (to allow users to access the data).

WHAT IS A URL?

· Just like every house has a unique address, each web page has a unique address, called a Uniform Resource Locator (URL).

· The first part of the address indicates what protocol to use, and the second part specifies the IP address or the domain name where the resource is located.

· The remaining information identifies specific directories or files within the domain.

· You can display a web page by simply typing its URL into the address line of your web browser (a program or application that uses internet).

· The most popular domain extension is .com for commercial websites. Other extensions include .org for non-profit organizations, .edu for educational institutions, or .gov for governmental sites.

WHAT IS A HTML?

· HTML is short for Hyper Text Markup Language, the language used to write or create documents on the World Wide Web.

· HTML defines the structure and layout of a Web document by using a variety of tags and attributes.

WHAT IS A BROWSER?

· The term browser is short for Web browser, a software application used to locate and display Web pages. The most popular browser is Microsoft Internet Explorer.

THE ISP (Internet Service Provider)

· Your ISP is the gateway (or middleman) that provides connection to the Internet.

· An ISP provides cables, fiber optic, and telephone lines along which data can travel between computers.

· In Pakistan, Pakistan Telecommunication Corporation Limited (PTCL) is the biggest ISP.

OPENING THE INTERNET BROWSER

To open your browser and see all that the World Wide Web has to offer:

· Double-click the Internet Explorer Icon on your desktop

· Choose Start > Programs > Internet Explorer

FEATURES OF A BROWSER WINDOW

TITLE BAR

· It displays the name of the program (Internet Explorer), and the name of the web page.

MENU BAR

· As in all windows-based programs, click a word on the menu bar to display a menu of additional program commands.

STANDARD BUTTONS

· Navigational buttons that aid in viewing, searching, saving and printing web pages.

ADDRESS BAR

· Display the current web page’s URL.

· You can also type a URL into the Address bar and press Enter/Return to view the URL.

PAGE AREA

· The portion of the window that displays web pages

LINKS BAR

· You can use it to add web pages that you visit often.

STATUS BAR

· The status bar has two uses: first it notifies you of the status of loading web pages, and second, the status bar displays the security level

VIEWING TOOLBARS

To display or hide toolbars, choose View > Toolbars and make your selection.

OTHER BROWSER CHARACTERISTICS

· To change the text size, choose View > Text Size and select an option from the submenu

· To change the default font or colors, choose Tools > Internet Options and click the Font or colors buttons on the General tab. Click OK to save the changes.

· To change all fonts and colors, choose Tools > Internet Options and click the Accessibility button. Click OK to save the changes.

Browser standard buttons

· Click the Back button to move to the previously viewed web page Or

· Click the arrow next to the icon to choose any of the previously viewed web pages.

· Refresh button is used to refresh a web page

· Home button is used to go to home page (your default web page)

· Stop button is used to cancel the action of downloading or opening a web page.

· The Search button is used to enter appropriate information and search for it.

· Click the Favorites button to display your list of favorites. You can organize, edit, delete, or view your favorite web pages

· Click History button to get a list of dates and pages viewed on those dates. Click a page and it should appear in the page area.

Other actions for Internet Web Browser include:

· SETTING THE HOME PAGE

· ADDING FAVORITES

· VIEWING A FAVORITE

· ORGANIZING FAVORITES

· SEARCHING OVER THE INTERNET

KEYWORDS

· Most recent browser versions allow you to type keywords into the Address bar, press Enter and the browser itself acts as a search engine.

INTENET EMAIL USING YAHOO

· Yahoo is a facility to open and maintain an E-Mail Account in Internet without paying additional charges.

· The cost is covered within Internet usage charges.

· Yahoo is a web site. To access Yahoo, you must have an Internet connection.

HOW TO OPEN YAHOO ACCOUNT

· Open Internet Explorer Type www.Yahoo.com (in Address Bar) and press Enter

· Click Sign UP now! After some moments, you will see terms and conditions. This is a long page. At the end of the page, click I Accept

YAHOO MAIL REGISTRATION FORM

· You will see a registration form. Follow the instructions of your trainer and fill up carefully. Do not leave any column blank.

· Make sure to remember your Username and Password as these are the two you will use in future to open your email account.

HOW TO ACCESS YAHOO ACCOUNT

· Open Internet Explorer and type www.Yahoo.com (in Address Bar) and press Enter.

· On the yahoo web page, click on Mail using your mouse.

· Type Yahoo ID or Username and Password in the specified boxes and click Sign In or press Enter

· Now click Continue (at the end of the page) that appears when you have signed in for the first time.

· Yahoo will take you to your Inbox. You will see a message from Yahoo Staff. Click Yahoo Staff

HOW TO SEE IN-COMING MAIL

· When you are given access to your Yahoo Account, you are in your Inbox. You can see the list of in-coming messages.

· To read the message, click on relevant message under the heading FROM

HOW TO PREPARE NEW MESSAGE

· To prepare new message: Click New / Compose

· Type E-Mail Address (correct and complete address of the person to whom you want to send mail).

· Click in Subject box Type Subject (Do not leave TO box and Subject box blank) Click in the main box.

· Type the message. Type your name at the end of the message

HOW TO SEND E-MAIL MESSAGE

· After preparing E-Mail message: Click Send from Toolbar above. You will have the following message:

Sent Message Confirmation

Your message has been sent to the following recipients:

emailaddress@yahoo.com

· Click OK

· You will come back to your Inbox

HOW TO SEE SENT MESSAGE

· While you are in Inbox: Click Folders Sent Messages You can also see Drafts (if you have clicked Save Draft in Compose Window).

HOW TO ATTACH A FILE WITH E-MAIL MESSAGE

· You can attach a file (available in your computer) with your E-Mail-mail message. After typing the message:

· Click Attachments and then click Browse. (Select folder .and double click the relevant file)

· Attach to Message and then click DONE

· The file will be attached with your message. Now: Click SEND.

OPEN A FILE ATTACHED TO A MESSAGE IN YOUR INBOX

· Once you open the email, click on the file name that is attached to the message.

· Click Download Attachment

· Click Open or Save to take necessary action for the concerned file.

HOW TO DELETE MESSAGE FROM INBOX

· When the Inbox is open, click in the small box on left of the message(s), which you want to delete. Now: Click Delete.

HOW TO SEE DELETED MESSAGES

· Deleted Messages are stored in Trash Can automatically. To see deleted messages:

· Click Trash Can.

HOW TO MAINTAIN ADDRESS BOOK

· You can maintain address book in Yahoo. This will save your time in typing addresses in Compose Window.

· For this: Click Addresses and Create New.

· Type particulars of the addressee carefully (you can leave some columns blank)

· Click OK In future, when you want to send E-Mail to any person from Address Book: Click Addresses, Click -on the relevant address, under the heading Mail to: Compose Window (with address typed) will open automatically. T

· To delete an address: Click Delete in front of the address (and wait for some moments) Click Delete again

HOW TO CHANGE PASSWORD

· Click Options and then Password. In relevant boxes: Type Old Password and then type New Password. Then type New Password again. You will have the following message:

PASSWORD CONFIRMATION

Your Password has been successfully changed. Please remember your new Password.

HOW TO CLOSE YAHOO

· Click x at top right comer. Internet Explorer will also be closed.

HOW TO SIGN OUT

· At top of Window, click Sign Out Message.

10 Essential Health Tips

2010-02-25T01:24:00.000+05:00

(The Basics to Practice Every Day)
1. Move More
Make it a daily challenge to find ways to move your body. Climb stairs if given a choice between that and escalators or elevators. Walk your dog; chase your kids; toss balls with friends, mow the lawn. Anything that moves your limbs is not only a fitness tool, it's a stress buster. Think 'move' in small increments of time. It doesn't have to be an hour in the gym or a 45-minute aerobic dance class or tai chi or kickboxing. But that's great when you're up to it. Meanwhile, move more. Thought for the day: Cha, Cha, Cha…. Then do it!

2. Cut Fat
Avoid the obvious such as fried foods, burgers and other fatty meats (i.e. pork, bacon, ham, salami, ribs and sausage). Dairy products such as cheese, cottage cheese, milk and cream should be eaten in low fat versions. Nuts and sandwich meats, mayonnaise, margarine, butter and sauces should be eaten in limited amounts. Most are available in lower fat versions such as substitute butter, fat free cheeses and mayonnaise. Thought for the day: Lean, mean, fat-burning machine…. Then be one!

3. Quit Smoking
The jury is definitely in on this verdict. Ever since 1960 when the Surgeon General announced that smoking was harmful to your health, Americans have been reducing their use of tobacco products that kill. Just recently, we've seen a surge in smoking in adolescents and teens. Could it be the Hollywood influence? It seems the stars in every movie of late smoke cigarettes. Beware. Warn your children of the false romance or 'tough guy' stance of Hollywood smokers. Thought for the day: Give up just one cigarette…. the next one.

4. Reduce Stress
Easier said than done, stress busters come in many forms. Some techniques recommended by experts are to think positive thoughts. Spend 30 minutes a day doing something you like. (i.e.,Soak in a hot tub; walk on the beach or in a park; read a good book; visit a friend; play with your dog; listen to soothing music; watch a funny movie. Get a massage, a facial or a haircut. Meditate. Count to ten before losing your temper or getting aggravated. Avoid difficult people when possible. Thought for the day: When seeing red, think pink clouds….then float on them.

5. Protect Yourself from Pollution
If you can't live in a smog-free environment, at least avoid smoke-filled rooms, high traffic areas, breathing in highway fumes and exercising near busy thoroughfares. Exercise outside when the smog rating is low. Exercise indoors in air conditioning when air quality is good. Plant lots of shrubbery in your yard. It's a good pollution and dirt from the street deterrent. Thought for the day: 'Smoke gets in your eyes'…and your mouth, and your nose and your lungs as do pollutants….hum the tune daily.

6. Wear Your Seat Belt
Statistics show that seat belts add to longevity and help alleviate potential injuries in car crashes. Thought for the day: Buckle down and buckle up.

7. Floss Your Teeth
Recent studies make a direct connection between longevity and teeth flossing. Nobody knows exactly why. Perhaps it's because people who floss tend to be more health conscious than people who don't? Thought for the day: Floss and be your body's boss.

8. Avoid Excessive Drinking
While recent studies show a glass of wine or one drink a day (two for men) can help protect against heart disease, more than that can cause other health problems such as liver and kidney disease and cancer. Thought for the day: A jug of wine should last a long time.

9. Keep a Positive Mental Outlook
There's a definitive connection between living well and healthfully and having a cheerful outlook on life. Thought for the day: You can't be unhappy when you're smiling or singing.

10. Choose Your Parents Well
The link between genetics and health is a powerful one. But just because one or both of your parents died young in ill health doesn't mean you cannot counteract the genetic pool handed you. Thought for the day: Follow these basic tips for healthy living and you can better control your own destiny.

To Increase the ability of push ups

2009-12-10T14:25:00.000+05:00

To increase your ability to do push ups and to increase your strength, you will need to vary your workouts. With any exercise, whether you're using your own body weight, free weights or machines, if the resistance doesn't increase, your muscles won't be overloaded and the stimulus these fibers need to grow in size will be missing. Think about it: if you work up to three or four sets of 25 push-ups, how hard can each repetition be? You'd build local muscular endurance, but you wouldn't be any stronger. Say a person doing bicep curls can do three sets of 20 reps with 15 pounds: wouldn't you think they could probably do one set of 10 reps with 20 pounds? That's what they would need to do to make their biceps grow stronger and bigger. However, there are a few ways you can increase the resistance of your push-ups.

One way to increase the resistance is to elevate your feet while doing push-ups. Start with your feet on a step at the bottom of a stair or a low step stool. Raising your feet higher will make you work against gravity, thereby increasing the resistance. Work up to the point where you can do your push-ups with your feet on a chair. Note: The higher your feet, the more you'll work your shoulders, so mix in some flat push-ups to make sure your chest gets a workout, too.

Push-ups must be practiced three to five times per week to ensure progress. If they are practiced more often, the muscles may not have enough time to recuperate and become stronger. Below are some variations that will help you improve your strength and muscular endurance.

Push Up Tips
Tips: Kneel down on the floor and place your hands flat on the floor and slightly wider than shoulder width apart. With your shoulders directly over your hands, straighten your arms. Move your feet back, placing your toes on the floor, so that your knees are off the floor and your legs are straight. At this point, your body should form a straight line from your shoulders to your ankles. Your body should remain straight throughout this exercise. Keep your head and neck in line with your body so that your are looking down toward the floor. This is the starting position. In a controlled fashion, lower your body down toward the floor, bending your elbows, until your body is nearly touching the floor. Now, push your body up away from the floor, straightening your arms, until you have returned to the starting position. If you need to reduce the intensity of this exercise you can perform the pushup from your knees.

Hints For Push-Ups
Training only on push-ups and/or bench presses can lead to a strength imbalance. Pull-ups or some type of rowing work should be done with resistance or training partner.

When training, pay attention to proper form. Keep your body straight and rigid. Lower yourself or the weight in a controlled manner so that you can gain a training effect. During the test itself, however, to conserve energy and improve your performance, you should work at a much more rapid pace. When being tested, try to do as many repetitions as possible during the first 45 to 60 seconds.

Place your hands at shoulder width with your fingers pointing forward and slightly outward. Keep your heels and toes together. Do not forget to breathe during both training and testing. Change position of hands to a narrower or wider position after you are tired, then try to do some more push-ups.

For normal push-ups, the start position begins with the hands shoulder width apart, elbows fully extended, BODY straight and the feet together or up to 12 inches apart.

To complete a repetition, the trainee lowers his/her BODY , maintaining a straight back, until the upper arm is parallel with the ground, then returns to the start position. Once the two-minute push-up period has started, trainees may not lift their arms or legs off the ground. They may rest in the "start" position. They may also bend at the waist and the knees to relax the back, always maintaining 4-point contact with the ground. Before resuming push-ups, they must return to the start position.

How to Break Boards with Your Bare Hands

2009-11-22T13:30:00.001+05:00

You too can learn to do everybody's favorite martial-arts stunt. Breaking boards is a fun way to develop speed, power and control in your strike -- and not fundamentally all that difficult. Here's how to do it.

STEPS:

Choose your board wisely. Most schools use soft white pine, 6" x 9" x 1"; cut these from 9" by 1" planks available at any lumberyard. Look for a board that is dry and well seasoned. Sappy, heavy wood is much harder to break. You can also buy specialist re-breakable boards at some Martial Arts shops. These are slightly different, and more expensive, but if you wish to practice a lot they are a good investment.
Secure it. Advanced martial artists can strike a loose or flying board so fast that it breaks before it has time to move; but as a beginner, you want a stationary target. The best way is to recruit a human who is at least your strength and weight, and have him or her hold it where you can strike.
The break to start with is a palm strike at a 45-degree angle downwards, with the target board held at that 45-degree angle from horizontal at a little above waist height. This angle and position makes it easiest to put your body-weight into the motion. Hit the board straight on with the heel of your hand.
the board should be held with the grain parallel to your fingers. if you hit it sideways, injury is exponentially more likely than success
Empty your mind. Relax. Don't think about success or failure. Take a calming breath. Focus yourself first. Unless you are extremely weak or sick (in which case you shouldn't be breaking boards at all), mental preparation is the most important aspect of the technique.
Now focus on the target. Breaking effectively is less about the amount of force you apply than about putting all that force at the single point of your choice.
Strike through the target. Don't aim at the board itself; if you do that, your hand will tend to stop there. Aim your strike six inches beyond the board.
Concentrate on speed, not power. You're not trying to push the board away, you're trying to hit it as fast as possible.
Yell. The kiai that martial artists often emit when striking is not just for show, nor to startle the opponent. The contraction of the diaphragm and torso muscles can be used to put more power in your strike.
Give it your all. Commit your strike. Don't hesitate, don't think, just do it.
Follow through. Don't try to stop your hand after the break; relax and let the motion end on its own. If you try to over-control, you will tense up and rob yourself of power. Mental knowledge is the key to a successful break.
If you do prepare mentally, and commit your strike fully, you will succeed. Even prepubescent children have the physical capacity to break boards; for any adult in reasonable health, all the obstacles are mental.

TIPS:

For the easiest target position, have your holder kneel on the ground holding the board up in front of him.
The next easiest break after the downward palm strike is probably the side knife hand. For this one, the board should be held vertical at upper-chest to neck height. Make first contact with the fleshy part of the outside edge of your hand, not your fingers.
If all else fails, do karate or tae kwon do or another martial art for a few years. you'll get taught by the time you're done.
Once you've mastered one board, move on to two. The boards are harder to break when held together than apart, but the holder and striker are at a much bigger risk when boards are separated. Once again, don't strike against the grain.
If you don't get through the board, all the kinetic energy you've generated will bounce back up your hand and arm. Therefore, the harder you hit, the chance of breaking the board increases and you reduce the chance of getting hurt.