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Pembuatan Cetakan Model Kapal Sabang Marindo KFC 2010

2013-07-08T01:31:00.005-07:00

Pembuatan Cetakan Model Kapal Sabang Marindo KFC 2010

1. PENGANTAR

Laporan Teknis pembuatan Cetakan model kapal Sabang Marindo ini merupakan laporan yang menjelaskan kegiatan yang telah dilakukan oleh Leader Manufakturing dan pengujian model kapal 1.2.0, Program Aplikasi Penyempurnaan Desain Dan Uji Operasional Kapal Ferry Cepat Angkut Penumpang/Barang 2010.

Model kapal ferry cepat Sabang Marindo dibuat dengan skala model 1:10 dengan bahan model dari fiber glass. Pembuatan model dari bahan fiber glass terdiri dari dua tahapan, yaitu ; Tahapan pembuatan cetakan model dan tahapan pengecoran model.

Dalam laporan ini dijelaskan mengenai pelaksanaan pembuatan cetakan model dari bahan fiber glass dengan kerangka penguat bahan kayu dan multiplek.

2. TUJUAN

Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk mendapatkan cetakan model kapal ferry cepat Sabang Marindo hasil penyempurnaan desain. Cetakan model ini yang dibuat berdasarkan gambar kerja berupa lines plan dan body plan.

3. KEGIATAN PEMBUATAN CETAKAN MODEL KAPAL.

Ukuran utama Model Kapal ferry cepat Sabang Marindo :

· panjang kapal (Lpp) 3,134 m

· lebar (B) 0,6 m

· tinggi (H) geladak utama 0,323m

· sarat (T) 0,2m .

Proses pembuatan cetakan model uji dari bahan fibreglass (FRP) ini mempunyai tahapan-tahapan sebagai berikut : (1) Tahap persiapan, (2) Tahap pembuatan cetakan.

1. Tahap persiapan.

Pembuatan cetakan membutuhkan gambar kerja yang telah dibuat oleh bagian design (Drawing). Gambar kerja ini terdiri dari: gambar body plan, gambar sheer plan, gambar ending (AP & FP) dan bagian khusus lainnya yang dianggap perlu. Gambar-gambar tersebut telah memperhitungkan ketebalan kulit cetakan yang akan dibuat yaitu 5,5 mm.

Gambar 1. Gambar-gambar kerja pembuatan cetakan Model Kapal Sabang Marindo

2. Tahap pembuatan mould/cetakan model.

a. Persiapan material cetakan model.

Penguatan cetakan dibuat dari balok kayu dan atau papan yang mempunyai mutu baik sehingga kuat untuk menahan beban puntir/ bengkok. Multiplek digunakan untuk gading-gading sebagai frame penegar dicetakan dan juga digunakan untuk sekat atau dinding cetakan. Bilah-bilah kayu dengan ukuran sekitar 14x4 mm yang akan digunakan sebagai kulit lambung cetakan model dan tumpuan tripleks milamin.

b. Pembuatan komponen - komponen

Penguat (gading-gading) dibuat dari multipleks berdasarkan gambar body plan yang tentunya sudah diadakan koreksi ketebalan kulit. Dari body plan ini diadakan duplikasi tiap-tiap stationnya ke multipleks dengan menggunakan kertas karbon.

Proses pemotongan multiplek pada garis hasil duplikasi body plan dilakukan untuk semua station yang diperlukan.

c. Proses perakitan komponen

Setelah potongan-potongan komponen di atas selesai maka proses selanjutnya diadakan perakitan, proses perakitan dilakukan sebagai berikut :

(1). Pembuatan landasan cetakan dari multipleks. Pada landasan multiplek ditentukan letak dari masing-masing stations yang akan dipasangkan gading penegar pada landasan cetakan ini.

(2) Gading-gading dipasangkan secara tegak lurus pada landasan multiplek sesuai dengan nomor gading yang telah diberi tanda sebelumnya. Untuk menambah kekakuan dari cetakan pada bagian sisi dipasang penguat dari multipleks/papan kayu.

Gambar 2. Perakitan gading-gading dan bilah kayu.

(3). Pemasangan galar-galar kulit yang terbuat dari bilah-bilah kayu yang menghubungkan antara satu station ke station berikutnya dengan menggunakan paku hingga seluruh konstruksi tertutup.

(4). Pemasangan tripleks milamin yaitu tripleks yang mempunyai permukaan licin, dengan tujuan pada saat proses pengangkatan model dari cetakan tidak akan mengalami kesulitan dan juga tidak akan merusak cetakan (permukaan) itu sendiri.

Akhir dari proses ini ialah proses pengecekan bentuk dari tiap-tiap station hubungannya dengan bilah kayu dan milamin diusahakan tidak ada rongga diantaranya.

Gambar 3. Pemasangan penguat sisi

(5). Finishing cetakan dilakukan dengan mendempul bagian sambungan milamin dan dihaluskan. Pada seluruh permukaan milamin dilapisi dengan Wax dengan harapan model kapal akan dengan mudah dilepas.

4. HASIL KEGIATAN DAN PEMBAHASAN

Hasil kegiatan ini mendapatkan cetakan model yang siap untuk dilakukan pengecoran model kapal yang dibuat dari bahan fiber glass.

Gambar 4. Finishing cetakan model

5. REKOMENDASI

Permukaan cetakan harus dalam keadaan licin dan bersih, sebelum dilakukan pengecoran fiber glass maka seluruh permukaan cetakan harus sudah dipoles dengan WAX untuk memudahkan dalam proses pengangkatan model dari cetakan.

PEMBUATAN MODEL KAPAL SABANG MARINDO KFC 2010

2013-07-08T00:35:00.003-07:00

PEMBUATAN MODEL KAPAL SABANG MARINDO KFC 2010

1. PENGANTAR

Laporan Teknis pembuatan model kapal Sabang Marindo ini merupakan laporan yang menjelaskan kegiatan yang telah dilakukan oleh Leader Manufakturing dan pengujian model kapal 1.2.0, Program Aplikasi Penyempurnaan Desain Dan Uji Operasional Kapal Ferry Cepat Angkut Penumpang/Barang 2010.

Dalam laporan ini dijelaskan mengenai pelaksanaan pembuatan model dari bahan fiber glass dengan cara melapiskan fiber glass pada cetakan model yang telah dibuat sebelumnya.

2. TUJUAN

Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk membuat model kapal ferry cepat Sabang Marindo terbuat dari bahan fiber glass dengan sistim laminasi sebagai model uji.

Ukuran utama Model Kapal ferry cepat Sabang Marindo :

· panjang kapal (Lpp) 3,134 m

· lebar (B) 0,6 m

· tinggi (H) geladak utama 0,323m

· sarat (T) 0,2m .

3. KEGIATAN PEMBUATAN MODEL KAPAL SABANG MARINDO.

1. Tahap persiapan laminasi model

Setelah cetakan selesai dibuat maka sebelum laminasi fiber glass dilakukan, maka perlu diadakan persiapan-persiapan yang matang mengingat proses laminasi ini ada batasan waktu (dead-line) yang harus dijaga. Bila waktu campuran komponen cairan fiber bereaksi terlalu lama, maka campuran tersebut akan mengental dan harus dibuang karena tidak dapat digunakan.

Sebelum membahas persiapan pengecoran laminasi lebih jauh, berikut ini dijelaskan dahulu macam-macam material yang digunakan pada laminasi sebagai berikut:

(a) Wax yaitu semacam parafin yang mempunyai warna lemon, wax digunakan untuk melicinkan permukaan cetakan dengan cara menggosokkan wax tersebut pada permukaan cetakan

(b) PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) yaitu cairan kental berwarna biru berfungsi sebagai komponen pelepas pada cetakan ketika kapal dilepas /diangkat dari cetakan

(d) Pigmen yaitu material liat dengan warna-warna tertentu (13 warna) digunakan sebagai campuran cat/ warna

(e) Cobalt yaitu cairan kental berwarna biru tua digunakan sebagai akselator dalam reaksi laminasi

(f) SN yaitu cairan encer yang berwarna putih bening berfungsi sebagai pengencer gelcoat dalam proses pewarnaan /cat

(g) Methylethylketone Peroxide (MEKP) yaitu cairan encer yang berwarna putih bening berfungsi sebagai katalis dalam proses laminasi,

(h) Roving cloths berupa lembaran serat glass berwarna putih yang bersusun seperti tikar (anyaman),

(i) Chopped strand mats berupa lembaran serat glass berwarna putih yang tersusun dari benang-benang dengan panjang 5 s/d 10 cm secara acak,

(j) Inti/core yaitu lapisan inti yang digunakan dalam suatu konstruk-si misalnya: gading, sekat, penegar sekat. Bahan inti bisa dari kayu, gabus, multipleks

(k)Stick glue yaitu lem pejal warna putih dengan proses penggunaannya dengan alat listrik. Fungsi untuk mengikat sementara bagian sambungan dari suatu konstruksi

(l)Powder semacam semen berwarna putih yang penggunaannya bersama dengan resin dan MEKP (katalis), berfungsi seperti pengisi/dempul

(m) Aceton yaitu cairan encer yang berwarna putih bening berfungsi sebagai pelarut, digunakan ter-utama untuk mencuci/ membersihkan, misal alat kerja (roll) .

Untuk menggambarkan bahan-bahan yang di-gunakan untuk membuat kapal FRP dapat di-lihat pada Gambar 1.

Gambar 1. Material FRP secara umum

Selanjutnya dilakukan persiapan-persiapan material yang meliputi;

(a) Semua material sedapat mungkin dekat dari tempat pengecoran dan memenuhi standard penanganan material dari produsen/pabrik (misalnya tidak boleh kena sinar matahari secara langsung, air, minyak, debu ),

(b) Penentuan material roving, matt pada perencanaan pelapisan (misal-nya untuk lapisan awal, ke 2, dst sehingga waktu yang digunakan efektif)

(d) Sebelum PVA kering betul maka proses pewarnaan/pengecatan bisa dimulai, cat yang digunakan dari proses ini merupakan campuran dari : gelcoat, pigmen, cobalt, katalis (MEKP) dengan komposisi sesuai spesifikasi teknis dari pabrik yang bersangkutan, bila dipandang campurannya terlalu kental maka sebagai pengencernya bisa ditambahkan SN seperlunya. Proses pengecatan dilakukan selayaknya pada proses pengecatan dengan menggunakan kompressor.

Gambar 2. Peralatan kerja fibreglass

2. Tahap laminasi.

Pada pengerjaan fibreglass menggunakan metode Hand lay-up yaitu metode secara manual dengan tangan pada proses pencetakan, pada pengisian penguat serat glass dan resin.

Gambar 3. Metode Hand lay-up sigle skin

Sedangkan untuk konstruksi fibreglass menggunakan Konstruksi kulit tunggal/single skin yaitu konstruksi yang tersusun panel-panel tunggal FRP dicetak dengan penguat serat glass dan resin (lihat Gambar 3).

Proses pengerjaan metode Hand lay-up dan konstruksi Single skin dengan langkah-langkah sebagai berikut (proses laminasi lambung) :

(1) Setelah proses pengecatan/gelcoat selesai dan kering maka pelapisan pertama bisa dilakukan, permukaan lambung dilaburi resin dengan katalis secara merata kemudian lembaran mat ditempelkan dan dirol dengan rol bulu dan roll besi (Gambar 3). Hal ini dilakukan agar mat benar-benar menempel sesuai dengan pola cetakan dan juga untuk mengeluarkan udara yang terperangkap. Terperangkapnya udara akan mengurangi kekuatan struktur tersebut.

(2). Setelah mat terpasang, maka proses selanjutnya lapisan roving ditempelkan seperti pada cara no (1), kemudian dilanjutkan dengan lapisan mat yang lain dengan cara-cara yang sama. Karena model ini relatif kecil maka pelapisan 2 lapis sudah dianggap kuat.

(3) Untuk konstruksi yang lain caranya sama, hanya jumlah lapisan serat-nya yang berbeda tergantung beban yang diterima dari konstruksi tersebut semakin besar maka lapisannya juga semakin banyak.

3. Tahap perakitan komponen

Yang dimaksud dengan tahap ini yaitu tahap dimana bagian konstruksi dengan konstruksi lain digabungkan misalnya: pemasangan sekat, geladak. Tahap ini dilakukan pada saat kedua bagian ini kering dan prosesnya dilakukan ketika model kapal masih di dalam cetakan. Hal ini untuk menghindari model mengalami puntir atau berubah bentuk dikarenakan model belum rigid.

Proses perakitan dilakukan sebagai berikut:

(1) Bagian yang akan disambung, sebagai ikatan antar konstruksi digrinda/dikasari (misalnya lambung dengan sekat) agar pengikatannya lebih kuat

(2) Pengeleman dengan stick glue pada bagian yang bersinggungan dari sekat dan lambung hingga rigid

(3) Untuk 2 sisi dari bagian sekat dan lambung didempul dengan campuran powder dempul dan katalis secukupnya, tujuan dari pendempulan ini selain menambah kekuatan ikatan juga sebagai tempat menempelnya lembaran serat (mat dan roving) secara benar dan tidak adanya udara terperangkap,

(4) Setelah sambungan rigid maka dilakukan proses pelapisan fiber dengan cara yang sama dengan di atas namun jumlah lapisannya mat to mat.

Gambar 4. Perakitan komponen

4. Tahap pemasangan peralatan-peralatan atau sistem di model.

Setelah perakitan komponen-komponen yang bisa dilakukan di model pada posisi didalam cetakan, maka selanjutnya model siap dilepas/ diangkat dari cetakan. Pada proses pengangkatan model dari cetakan ini banyak cara yang digunakan, namun karena bentuk lambung standard maka cukup diangkat ke atas dari cetakan dengan menggunakan tali dari crane. Model ditaruh pada meja penandaan untuk pemasangan poros baling-baling, pemasangan poros kemudi.

5. Tahap penandaan model.

Untuk mempermudah dalam pengamatan dan analisa dari suatu pengujian maka model perlu diadakan penandaan, proses ini dilakukan di meja penandaan (marking table).

Gambar 5. Meja penandaan

Marking table ini diperlengkapi dengan lengan ukur 3 dimensi (sumbu X, Y dan Z) alat ini mempunyai ketelitian tinggi yaitu per micro. Pada pekerjaan ini meliputi penandaan garis air, station–station, identitas model, kisi–kisi untuk pengamatan gelombang (grids) dan lain–lain yang terletak pada lambung model.

4. HASIL KEGIATAN DAN PEMBAHASAN

Model kapal dilakukan pengecatan dan penandaan yang diperlukan untuk kebutuhan pengujian. Pada setiap pentahapan pekerjaan yang berhubungan dengan ketepatan ukuran telah dilakukan pengecekan dimensi, sehingga hasil akhir dari pembuatan model akan terjamin ketepatan ukurannya.

Gambar 6. Model kapal SABANG MARINDO

5. REKOMENDASI

Pembuatan model kapal Sabang Marindo ini merupakan hasil penyempurnaan desain kapal ferry cepat. Model kapal tersebut sudah siap untuk dipakai dalam pengujian seakeeping.

Decay Test Model Kapal Sabang Marindo

2013-07-08T00:32:00.002-07:00

Decay Test Model Kapal Sabang Marindo

1. PENGANTAR

Laporan Teknis Decay Test model kapal Sabang Marindo Desain Baru ini merupakan laporan yang menjelaskan kegiatan yang telah dilakukan oleh Leader Manufakturing dan pengujian model kapal 1.2.0, Program Aplikasi Penyempurnaan Desain Dan Uji Operasional Kapal Ferry Cepat Angkut Penumpang/Barang 2010.

Berdasarkan pengkajian secara numerik pada tahun pertama (2008) dan tahun kedua (2009) telah dilakukan pemilihan jenis kapal yang akan dipakai sebagai model dalam penelitian ini yaitu kapal ferry cepat Sabang Marindo. Dimana pada hasil perhitungan numerik diketahui bahwa kapal Sabang Marindo mempunyai stabilitas tertinggi ~75 derajat, dan sudut rolling < 10 derajat.

Kapal Ferry Cepat KFC Sabang Marindo hasil modifikasi perlu dilakukan pengujian Resistance Test; Decay test dan Seakeeping test. Hal ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui performance kapal dan kehandalannya.

2. TUJUAN

Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah malakukan Decay test (gerak luruh) pada Sabang Marindo untuk gerakan angguk (pitch) dan gerakan oleng (roll) dengan tujuan mendapatkan nilai redaman berupa koefisien damping model kapal yang penting untuk keperluan analisa kinerja dari kapal.

3. KEGIATAN DECAY TEST

Pengujian untuk seakeeping mendapatkan 2 hasil yang penting untuk keperluan analisa kinerja dari kapal. Pertama adalah mendapatkan nilai redaman dari kapal berupa uji gerak luruh ( motion decay test), kedua mendapatkan RAO dari kapal. Untuk mendapatkan nilai redaman berupa koefisien damping model kapal dilakukan dengan cara sebagai berikut :

Hal pertama yang perlu ada adalah instrumentasi untuk itu yang digunakan dalam pengujian ini adalah Gyro yang memiliki kemampuan mengukur besaran sudut luruh (decay) yang terjadi pada pada model kapal Sabang Marindo selama pengujian secara akurat.
Kemudian dilakukan pengujian gerak luruh yang dilakukan pada kondisi air tenang yang dilakukan di tangki TT. Pengujian gerak luruh ini dilakukan dengan memberikan simpangan awal pada model uji kemudian dilepas sehingga model berosilasi. Gerakan osilasi yang terjadi kemudian diukur hingga sejumlah osilasi. Pengujian ini juga dilakukan berulang-ulang sehingga diperoleh data pengukuran yang terbaik untuk mendapatkan harga periode osilasi dan damping ratio model kapal.

Sebelum dilakukan pengujian perlu diketahui dari model kapal Sabang Marindo adalah tentang distribusi massanya dimana akan diketahui jari – jari girasi dari model kapal tersebut. Distribusi massa dari model kapal secara benar diatur di atas meja osilasi.

Gambar 1 Kegiatan uji Decay (gerak luruh) pada kapal ferry cepat hasil modifikasi

Gambar 2. Hasil uji luruh gerak kapal (motion decay test) untuk oleng (roll)

Gambar 3. Hasil uji luruh gerak kapal (motion decay test) untuk angguk (pitch)

4. HASIL KEGIATAN DAN PEMBAHASAN

Selanjutnya dilakukan analisa data uji luruh dengan cara memperhatikan grafik jejak waktu hasil pengujian decay dimana dapat ditentukan periode gerakan oleng (roll) dan angguk (pitch) model kapal Sabang Marindo. Data pengujian diperoleh dengan mengukur gerakan oleng dan angguk model kapal.

Gambar. 4 Hasil perbandingan motion decay test Kapal Ferry Cepat hasil modifikasi dengan aplikasi bilge keel dan tanpa bilge keel

5. REKOMENDASI

Dari hasil Decay test terhadap model kapal Sabang Marindo hasil penyempurnaan desain dengan menerapkan bilge keel, mempunyai redaman kapal yang lebih besar dan memberikan kenyamanan bagi penumpang. Pemasangan bilge keel dapat diterapkan pada KFC sekelas Sabang Marindo.

Seakeeping Test Model Kapal Sabang Marindo

2013-07-08T00:28:00.000-07:00

Seakeeping Test Model Kapal Sabang Marindo

1. PENGANTAR

Laporan Teknis Seakeeping Test model kapal Sabang Marindo Desain Baru ini merupakan laporan yang menjelaskan kegiatan yang telah dilakukan oleh Leader Manufakturing dan pengujian model kapal 1.2.0, Program Aplikasi Penyempurnaan Desain Dan Uji Operasional Kapal Ferry Cepat Angkut Penumpang/Barang 2010.

Seakeeping test dilakukan di MOB dengan variasi arah gelombang sebagai berikut :

1. kondisi following sea

2. kondisi stern quartering sea

3. kondisi beam sea

4. kondisi bow quartering sea

5. kondisi head sea

2. TUJUAN

Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah malakukan Seakeeping test pada Sabang Marindo pada berbagai kondisi arah gelombang dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan nilai response amplitude operator (RAO). Hal ini untuk menghindari kondisi resonansi akibat periode gelombang di daerah pelayaran yang dilalui oleh kapal.

3. KEGIATAN SEAKEEPING TEST

Sebelum uji seakeeping dilakukan maka dilakukan persiapan di kolam MOB yaitu melakukan kalibrasi gelombang dengan tujuan untuk memastikan gelombang yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan yang diinginkan. Gelombang ini dikalibrasi sebagai berikut:

a. Sebelum melakukan kalibrasi sebenarnya, beberapa pemodelan gelombang dihitung berdasarkan fungsi waktu, berdasarkan spektrum gelombang teoritis yang dibutuhkan. Setiap jenis gelombang berdasarkan bentuk spektrum yang yang sama, tetapi dengan berbeda angka penghasil untuk distribusi fasa. Kemudian perintah untuk setiap flap di tanki dan gelombang dihitung berdasarkan gelombang yang terpilih ( kombinasi dari bentuk spektra dan angka gelombang).

b. Kemudian gelombang dihasilkan serta diukur di kolam untuk selama 30 menit skala penuh. Model kapal tidak ditaruh di kolam saat ini untuk mencegah pantulan yang diinginkan.

c. Sinyal gelombang yang terukur dianalisa dan bentuk spektra terukur kemudian dibandingkan dengan bentuk spektra yang diinginkan.

d. Persyaratan untuk luas spektra gelombang , m_z₀ (see section 3.3) diatur sebesar < 3% dari nilai teoritis.

Jika spektrum gelombang terukur tidak memenuhi kriteria ini, perintah untuk pembangkit gelombang dikoreksi untuk perbedaan antara persyaratan dan spektrum gelombang yang terukur. Dan langkah (b) hingga (d) harus diulang.

Selanjutnya, sebelum uji dilakukan seluruh sinyal pengukuran dinolkan dengan cara sinyal – sinyal untuk ketinggian gelombang dinolkan dengan kondisi model kapal pada posisi kesetimbangan air tenang.

Pengujian seakeeping ini dilakukan di Tangki Olah Gerak (MOB) dengan gelombang tak beraturan (irregular wave), gelombang tersebut dibangkitkan dengan pembuat gelombang (wave maker) dengan melakukan berbagai gerakan translasi bolak – balik berdasarkan frekuensi yang diinginkan. Besarnya gerakan bolak – balik dan frekuensinya berhubungan dengan distribusi energi pada kondisi laut tak beraturan yang dihasilkan. Dengan demikian kondisi laut yang acak yang terdapat pada lokasi sebenarnya dapat dibuat di kolam uji MOB.

Ketinggian gelombang diukur dengan alat pengukur gelombang tipe kawat tahanan ( resistance wire wave probes). Kondisi laut yang tak beraturan diatur agar distribusi kerapatan spektral sesuai dengan distribusi energi teoritis yang diinginkan. Spektrum gelombang yang dipakai pada uji model ini adalah gelombang spektrum JONSWAP dengan Hs = 3m, Tp = 10 detik.

Gambar 1. Uji seakeeping di MOB

4. HASIL KEGIATAN DAN PEMBAHASAN

Hasil pengujian model kapal Sabang – Marindo diperlihatkan pada gambar - gambar di bawah ini. Ada 3 (tiga ) kondisi pengujian serta 1(satu) arah gelombang (heading) yang dilakukan pada pengujian model ini. Kondisi tersebut dimana titik berat vertikal kapal (KG) terdiri dari 2,03 m, 3,63 m dan 3,73m. Hal ini menunjukkan kemungkinan adanya perpindahan titik berat kapal karena muatan kapal yang berubah.

Kondisi arah gelombang dipilih pada posisi 90 (sembilan puluh) derajat atau beam sea, karena diasumsikan kondisi gerak oleng (roll) akan maksimum terjadi hingga kapal akan mengalami gerak oleng yang cukup berbahaya.

Dari gambar – gambar tersebut dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa secara umum untuk kapal ini frekuensi gelombang antara 1,2 dan 1,6 (rad/detik) adalah kondisi yang harus dihindari kapal saat berlayar.

Proses ini semakin berbahaya bagi kapal apabila titik berat vertikal (KG) yang semakin tinggi. Dimana respon yang diperlihatkan oleh RAO pada masing – masing kondisi KG menunjukkan bahwa dengan semakin tingginya titik berat muatan kapal semakin besar pula respon yang dialami oleh kapal. Hal ini bisa sering terjadi apabila muatan barang dan penumpang terkonsentrasi pada daerah dek atas dimana hal ini sebaiknya dihindari sehingga keselamatan pelayaran dapat terjamin.

Dari hasil uji di kolam ini juga menunjukkan perlunya perhitungan RAO dari setiap kapal penumpang atau barang untuk daerah pelayaran yang akan dilalui oleh kapal tersebut. Hal ini untuk menghindari kondisi resonansi karena periode gelombang di daerah pelayaran yang dilalui oleh kapal.

Gambar. 2 RAO – kondisi following sea Kapal Ferry Cepat hasil modifikasi untuk kecepatan dinas 25 knot tinggi gelombang significant 3m dan Tp = 15.5 detik

Gambar. 3 RAO – kondisi stern quartering sea Kapal Ferry Cepat hasil modifikasi untuk kecepatan dinas 25 knot tinggi gelombang significant 3m dan Tp = 15.5 detik.

Gambar. 4 RAO – kondisi beam sea Kapal Ferry Cepat hasil modifikasi untuk kecepatan dinas 25 knot tinggi gelombang significant 3m dan Tp = 15.5 detik

Gambar.5 RAO – kondisi bow quartering sea Kapal Ferry Cepat hasil modifikasi untuk kecepatan dinas 25 knot tinggi gelombang significant 3m dan Tp = 15.5 detik

Gambar 6 RAO – kondisi head sea Kapal Ferry Cepat hasil modifikasi untuk kecepatan dinas 25 knot tinggi gelombang significant 3m dan Tp = 15.5 detik

5. REKOMENDASI

Dari kajian teknis hidrodinamika kapal cepat angkut barang dan penumpang ini telah didapatkan suatu desain badan (hull) kapal ferry yang dapat mencapai kecepatan optimal berkisar antara 20 – 25 knots dan mempunyai karakteristik gerakan yang baik dimana sudut respon terhadap gelombang yang menerpa kapal ferry ini menjadi lebih kecil karena koefisien redaman yang dihasilkan membesar.

Pemasangan bilgekeel pada kapal fery cepat ini merupakan hal yang tepat karena selain memperbesar koefisien redaman terhadap gerakan kapal penumpangpun akan merasa nyaman saat melakukan penyebrangan. Selain itu penempatan bilge keel pada posisi streamline dari aliran fluida membuat kecepatan optimal yang diinginkan tidak terkurangi.

Bentuk haluan kapal ferry ini dimodifikasi agar kapal dapat berlayar dengan kecepatan tinggi. Secara umum selama tiga tahun penelitian ini berlangsung telah dihasilkan suatu desain dari badan (hull) kapal angkut penumpang barang yang handal secara stabilitas, seakeeping dan resistance dalam melakukan tugasnya untuk penyebrangan (ferry) antar pulau di Indonesia.

Uji Paint Smear Model Kapal Sabang Marindo

2013-07-08T00:21:00.001-07:00

Uji Paint Smear Model Kapal Sabang Marindo

1. PENGANTAR

Laporan Teknis Uji Paint Smear model kapal Sabang Marindo ini merupakan laporan yang menjelaskan kegiatan yang telah dilakukan oleh Leader Manufakturing dan pengujian model kapal 1.2.0, Program Aplikasi Penyempurnaan Desain Dan Uji Operasional Kapal Ferry Cepat Angkut Penumpang/Barang 2010.

Sebagai langkah awal pada kegiatan 2010 ini adalah penyempurnaan desain pada kapal Sabang Marindo, yaitu dilakukan dengan cara melakukan pengujian paint smear pada model kapal Sabang Marindo yang telah dibuat pada tahun 2009.

2. TUJUAN

Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah malakukan pengujian paint smear, dimana dalam hal ini dimaksudkan untuk untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai arah aliran air bada badan kapal. Lokasi bilge keel yang tepat sesuai dengan arah aliran (stream line) dan aplikasi bilge keel ini dimaksudkan untuk mendapatkan koefisien redaman kapal saat berlayar di laut sehingga gerak kapal lebih nyaman bagi penumpang.

3. KEGIATAN PAINT SMEAR TEST

Kegiatan yang dilaksanakan pada tahun ketiga (thn 2010) ini berupa desain modifikasi linesplan kapal penumpang ferry cepat berdasarkan hasil analisa numerik / model matematis , uji model di kolam dan pengukuran skala penuh kinerja kapal ferry cepat angkut barang dan penumpang.

Hasil-hasil kajian teknis pada 2 tahun sebelumnya sangat perlu dilengkapi oleh data kinerja kapal ferry cepat saat berlayar di laut. Dengan demikian pada tahun 2010 kegiatan penelitian terfokus pada pengkajian hasil pengumpulan data kinerja operasional kapal fery cepat di laut lepas melalui pengukuran skala penuh (full scale measurement).

Data hasil pengukuran ini dianalisa dan dikaji bersama dengan hasil kajian hidrodinamika di tahun sebelumnya dan kemudian dilakukan modifikasi desain dan uji hidrodinamika ulang sehingga diperoleh suatu desain bentuk badan kapal ferry cepat yang aman dan nyaman bagi penumpang.

Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran di atas modifikasi hull dilakukan melalui pengujian paint smear. Dimana hal ini dimaksudkan untuk untuk mendapatkan lokasi bilge keel yang tepat sesuai dengan arah aliran (stream line) dan aplikasi bilge keel ini dimaksudkan untuk mendapatkan koefisien redaman kapal saat berlayar di laut sehingga gerak kapal lebih nyaman bagi penumpang.

Untuk penyempurnaan disain, maka model kapal Sabang Marido dari hasil penelitian tahun 2009 dilakukan pengujian smear. Pada lambung kapal di masing-masing station dioleskan smear dengan ketebalan tertentu. Model kapal ditarik dengan carriage di Towing Tank dengan kecepatan rendah seperti gambar 1.

Gambar 1 Uji paint smear di Towing Tank

Model kapal diangkat dengan hati-hati dari Towing Tank, hal ini dilakukan agar arah garis yang terbentuk pada masing-masing station tidak rusak. Hasil smear test pada model Sabang Marindo sebagai mana pada gambar 2.

Gambar 2 Hasil uji paint smear

4. HASIL KEGIATAN DAN PEMBAHASAN

Hasil uji paint smear untuk mendapatkan posisi bilgekeel yang diperlihatkan pada Gambar 3. Sedangkan untuk sheer plan pada Gambar 4 dimana untuk aplikasi praktis di lapangan dilakukan pemilihan dengan posisi bilga no 2.

Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran di atas dimaksudkan untuk untuk mendapatkan lokasi bilge keel yang tepat sesuai dengan arah aliran (stream line) dan aplikasi bilge keel ini dimaksudkan untuk mendapatkan koefisien redaman kapal saat berlayar di laut sehingga gerak kapal lebih nyaman bagi penumpang.

Gambar 3. Body Plan dengan posisi bilgenya

Gambar 4 Sheer Plan

5. REKOMENDASI

Diketahui dari hasil Paint Smear test bahwa pemasangan bilga keel pada kapal Sabang Marindo perlu dilakukan koreksi sebagai mana pada gambar 3 dan gambar 4.

Liste des hôtels pas chers à Bali Indonesia 2013

2013-07-03T00:04:00.002-07:00

Liste des hôtels pas chers à Bali Indonesia - Visites de l'île de Bali seront certainement besoin d'hébergement ou à l'hôtel pour un moment de halte, de nombreux sites intéressants situés à Denpasar Bali, Sanur, Kuta, Ubud. Et pour ceux d'entre vous qui ne peuvent pas avoir un budget assez élevé pour empêcher des hôtels de luxe qui coûtent bien certainement, certainement aller chercher et préfèrent hôtels avec une assez terjankau, pour le lot fortunée n'est pas un problème lorsque vous séjournez dans des hôtels 5 étoiles, Eh bien, si ce n'est pas trop d'argent comme ça, mais j'ai encore envie de vacances à Bali, puis j'ai personnellement aurait aussi été à la recherche d'un hôtel pas cher autour de Bali, à la place je dors dans la rue.

Voici une liste d'hôtels bon marché à Bali long numéro telephonenya:

Hôtel Diana, Denpasar, Bali
Un hôtel est également situé à proximité de Ubung Terminal. Disponible chambre peut être rempli avec un total de 4 personnes et la salle entière est numérotée 42. Les installations existantes dans cet hôtel car ample zone de stationnement, climatisation et ventilateur, TV et une salle de bains dans chaque chambre.
Adresse: Jalan Pidada VII / 6, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 75,000 à 140,000
Téléphone: 0361-2173773
Nombre de chambres: 42 chambres

Hôtel Diana 2, Denpasar, Bali
Hôtel Diana 2 est également situé à proximité Ubung Terminal. Les installations disponibles dans cet hôtel, comme la climatisation, d'une télévision ou d'une salle de bains dans chaque chambre et aussi un grand parking.
Adresse: Jalan Pidada IX, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 150,000 à 250,000
Téléphone: 0361-2173773 Chambres: 38 chambres

Suar Mas Hôtel, Denpasar, Bali
L'un est un Hôtel pas cher à destination de Denpasar qui est situé non loin de la Ubung Terminal, à environ 5 minutes en voiture de temps pour arriver à cet hôtel. Les installations disponibles à l'hôtel, tels que 25 chambres, chaque chambre peut accueillir jusqu'à 4 personnes. Les chambres ont été disponibles également équipées de la climatisation ou du ventilateur et de la télévision.
Adresse: Jalan Pidada 18x, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 80,000 à 140,000
Téléphone: 0361-412118
Nombre de chambres: 25

Adiguna Hôtel, Denpasar, Bali
L'hôtel n'est pas loin de la Ubung Terminal et peut être atteint avec environ 5 minutes pour rejoindre l'hôtel. Les installations disponibles à l'hôtel, tels que téléviseur à écran plat, d'un grand parking et une salle de bains dans chaque chambre.
Adresse: Jalan Pidada VI / 1, Ubung, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 80,000 à 150,000
Téléphone: 0361-416451Jumlah chambres: 18 chambres

Hôtel Nouvelles Sari II, Denpasar, Bali
Hôtel situé dans une zone stratégique, à proximité du centre commercial non loin du Terminal Ubung bien. Hôtels à Bali est approprié pour les touristes qui viennent pour un groupe de personnes beaucoup, parce que les chambres disponibles peuvent accueillir jusqu'à 4 personnes. Les installations disponibles dans d'autres hôtels, comme la climatisation ou ventilateur, salle de bains privative, de la télévision et des lits doubles.
Adresse: Jalan Pidada VI / 3, Ubung, Denpasar, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 80,000 à 175,000
Téléphone: 0361-415912

Généreux Hôtel, Denpasar, Bali
Situé non loin du centre de Denpasar, et est un hôtel très pratique pour un endroit pour vivre temporairement. Les installations existantes dans cet hôtel pour un lit double, ventilateur, salle de bains privative et un parking spacieux.
Adresse: Jalan Jacquier n ° 32, Denpasar, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 80.000
Téléphone: 0361-226290 Chambres: 32 chambres

Adhita Hôtel, Denpasar, Bali
Situé dans une zone stratégique et non loin du restaurant. Mêmes équipements que les hôtels en général, tels que climatisation, douche dans chaque chambre ainsi que la télévision. Aire de stationnement réservée est assez spacieuse et l'hôtel était en mesure d'accueillir un certain nombre de vacanciers.
Adresse: Jalan Jacquier n ° 57, Denpasar, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 80,000 à 175,000
Téléphone: 0361-222923 Chambres: 23 chambres

Dana Permata Hôtel, Denpasar, Bali
Hôtels pas chers à Bali est très approprié pour le touriste ou randonneur qui avait des fonds / budget minime, et est également situé non loin de la Ubung Terminal. Les installations disponibles à l'hôtel comme un ventilateur ou la climatisation, télévision, douche dans chaque chambre, ainsi que d'un parking.
Adresse: Jalan Pidada XIV / 8, Bali, Indonésie
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 60.000 - Rp. 110.000
Téléphone: 0361-7452647
Nombre de chambres: 10 chambres

Dipa Jaya Hôtel, Denpasar, Bali
Les installations existantes dans cet hôtel pour 4 types de chambres différents, nommément ventilateur unique et alternatif simple et double et double ventilateur AC. Situé non loin de la Ubung Terminal.
Adresse: Jalan Pidada IX / 1, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 60.000 - Rp. 110.000
Téléphone: 0361-410849
Nombre de chambres: 24 chambres

Hébergement Oreo 2, Denpasar, Bali
Hébergement pas cher à Bali est situé près du Terminal Ubung bien. Des équipements tels que la climatisation, ventilateur, TV, ainsi qu'une salle de bains dans chaque chambre.
Adresse: Jalan Pidada XIV, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 60.000 - Rp. 80.000
Téléphone: 0361-9604486
Nombre de chambres: 11 chambres

Osella Hôtel, Denpasar, Bali
Hôtel est très approprié pour le randonneur comme appartenant à la catégorie des hôtels avec des tarifs qui sont relativement peu coûteux. L'hôtel est aussi loin de la borne Ubung tidaktak. Les installations existantes de l'hôtel tels que la télévision, ventilateur et salle de bains dans chaque chambre.
Adresse: Jalan Pidada XIV / 6, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 60.000 - Rp. 70.000
Téléphone: 0361-432305
Nombre de chambres: 15 chambres

Olala Hôtel, Denpasar, Bali
Cet hôtel possède une caractéristique telle que l'espace dans l'atmosphère de Bali. L'emplacement de cet hôtel, ainsi que l'hôtel, qui est proche de Ubung Terminal. Et des équipements tels que la télévision, salle de bains privée, ventilateur, air conditionné, aires de stationnement, service de blanchisserie et ainsi de suite.
Adresse: Jalan centrale Pidada, Denpasar, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 80.000 - Rp. 150.000
Téléphone 0361 - 416635/416135
Nombre de chambres: 10 chambres

Merta Sari Hôtel (J.W. menuh), Denpasar, Bali
Hôtels à Bali celui-ci dispose d'un établissement de ventilateur, AC et AC + eau chaude. Et aussi d'autres équipements tels que les téléviseurs plats et salles de bains sont également disponibles dans chaque chambre.
Adresse: Jalan Ouest Pidada XIII, Denpasar, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 75.000 - Rp. 145.000
Téléphone: 0361-426629
Nombre de chambres: 35 chambres

Omega Hôtel, Denpasar, Bali
L'hôtel est à distance de marche du terminal si Ubung, précisément situé sur la route Tjokroaminoto. Types de chambres disponibles à l'Hôtel Omega est classé économie, de la télévision économique et VIP. Toutes les chambres sont dans cet hôtel ont une salle de bains privative. Des équipements tels que des lits simples et un ventilateur de salle pour l'économie, un lit simple, ventilateur et télévision pour la télévision et économiques de printemps chambres, climatisation et d'une télévision pour la salle VIP. Les autres installations de soutien tels que la restauration, la blanchisserie, et aussi dispose d'une tournée parcouru.
Adresse: Jalan HOS. Cokroaminoto 65, Ubung, Denpasar, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 40.000 - Rp. 100.000
Téléphone: 0361-420386

Hôtel Osella 2, Denpasar, Bali
Pour le randonneur qui a un budget limité, l'hôtel Osella 2 est le bon choix pour vous. Les installations existantes à cet hôtel un grand parking, TV, ventilateur et salle de bains dans chaque chambre. L'emplacement est également non loin de la Ubung Terminal.
Adresse: Jalan Pidada VI / 8, Denpasar, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 90.000
Téléphone: 0361 - 744 3328

Hébergement Agus Jaya, Denpasar, Bali
Les installations disponibles à l'hôtel pas cher Bali celui-ci est fan et douche extérieure. Le stationnement est disponible uniquement pour le stationnement de moto.
Adresse: Jalan HOS. Cokroaminoto, Denpasar, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 90.000
Nombre de chambres: 10 chambres

Nouvelles Sari Hôtel, Denpasar, Bali
Nouvelles Sari Hôtel est également situé à proximité Ubung du terminal qui est un grand terminal situé à Bali. Les installations disponibles à l'hôtel comme le Sari Nouvelles TV, salle de bains dans chaque chambre, grand parking, air conditionné et ventilateur.
Adresse: Jalan HOS. Cokroaminoto 135, Denpasar, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 80.000 - Rp. 170.000
Téléphone 0361 - 428982/7886745
Nombre de chambres: 15 chambres

Suranadhi Hôtel, Denpasar, Bali
Suranadhi hôtel est l'un des plus anciens hôtels à Bali, a été mis en place depuis 1959 et maintient toujours sa forme originale que d'habitude quand il a été construit. L'hôtel est incluse dans la catégorie des hôtels bon marché de Denpasar. L'emplacement de cet hôtel pourrait être considéré comme stratégique car il ya de nombreux centres commerciaux à Denpasar et dans les environs, il ya un restaurant et un bar, ou changeurs d'argent qui veulent échanger contre de l'argent. Les installations disponibles à l'hôtel comme salle Suranadhi fan ou AC + salle de télévision et une salle de bains dans chaque chambre.
Adresse: Jalan Hayam Wuruk 61, Denpasar, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 100.000 - Rp. 150.000
Téléphone: 0361-226702
Nombre de chambres: 11 chambres

Déesse chalet de jardin, Denpasar, Bali
L'hôtel est situé sur la route de Pidada qu'il ya beaucoup de stands de nourriture autour de lui de sorte que vous ne trouverez pas qu'il est difficile de trouver de la nourriture à l'extérieur.
Adresse: Jalan Pidada X/11, Ubung, Denpasar, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 70.000
Téléphone: 0361-7955625
Nombre de chambres: 14 chambres

Rusdi Niki Hôtel, Denpasar, Bali
L'hôtel est également trop proche de l'Offre Ubung des bornes et des taux faibles. Équipements disponibles caisse de verre de bienvenue, Wifi gratuit, d'un ventilateur ou de la climatisation, d'une télévision à écran plat, petit déjeuner, le journal du matin et un service de blanchisserie.
Adresse: Jalan Pidada XIV / 7, Ubung, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 100.000 - Rp. 225.000
Téléphone: 0361-416397
Nombre de chambres: 35 chambres

Pondok Wisata Keke, Sanur, Bali
Adresse: Jalan Danau Tamblingan 96, Sanur, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 150.000
Téléphone: 0361-287282
Nombre de pièces: 5 pièces
Taman Wisata Hôtel, Sanur, Bali
Adresse: 98A Jalan Jacquier, Denpasar, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 80.000 - Rp. 150.000
Téléphone: 0361-236015 / +6281916336181
Nombre de chambres: 39 chambres

Bungalow raclée, Kuta, Bali
Adresse: Jalan Poppies II, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 125.000
Téléphone: 0361-754246
Nombre de chambres: 16 chambres
Arjana Hébergement, Ubud, Bali
Adresse: Jalan Kajeng 6, Ubud, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 100000-150000
Téléphone: 0361-975583
Nombre de chambres: 4 chambres

Beneyasa II Beach Inn, Kuta, Bali
Adresse: Jalan Lebak Bene, Legian, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 100.000
Téléphone: 0361-755469
Nombre de chambres: 40 chambres
Mawar chez l'habitant, Ubud, Bali
Adresse: Jalan Raya Ubud, Ubud, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 200000 - Rp. 250.000
Téléphone: 0361-975 086
Nombre de chambres: 11 chambres

Segara Beach Inn, Kuta, Bali
Adresse: Jalan Ciung Wanara, Kuta, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 125.000
Téléphone: 0361-756372
Nombre de chambres: 12 chambres
Artja Inn, Ubud, Bali
Adresse: Jalan Kajeng 9, Ubud, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 125000-150000
Téléphone: 0361-974425
Nombre de chambres: 4 chambres

Rojas chez l'habitant, Ubud, Bali
Adresse: Jalan Kajeng 1, Ubud, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 150.000
Téléphone: 0361-972331
Nombre de pièces: 6 pièces
Louange Bungalow, Ubud, Bali
Adresse: Jalan Bisma, Ubud, Bali
Tarifs de l'hôtel: A partir de Rp. 150.000
Téléphone: +62818564722
Nombre de pièces: 6 pièces

Les prix indiqués ci-dessus sont susceptibles de changer à tout moment et aussi en conformité avec les dispositions du gestionnaire Hôtels à Bali. Il est préférable si vous contactez l'organisateur en akuratntya à l'avance pour plus d'informations sur les hôtels bon marché dessus. N'est-ce pas là aussi un dicton si Prévenir vaut mieux que guérir?? Eh bien pour que nous Intruksikan de contacter le propriétaire ou gérant d'un hôtel à Bali ci-dessus première pour plus de détails. Donc, je l'espère utile pour ceux qui ont besoin d'informations Hôtel à Bali.

Pura Tirta Empul, and Goa Gajah is a famous place in Bali.

2013-07-02T20:27:00.001-07:00

Pura Tirta Empul

Pura Tirta Empul is famous because there are sources of water that until now used holy water to melukat by people from all corners of Bali, tourists visiting often too keen to participate melukat.

Is the symbolic meaning of ritual cleansing of negative people. Water is a medium for self-cleaning. They perform the ritual prayer and throw themselves on the pond, then washed with water from the springs of Tirta Empul.

Pura Tirta Empul is also one of the heritage sites in Gianyar Bali in particular. Thus, the first president of Indonesia, Sukarno established a presidential palace just west of Pura Tirta Empul, Siring.

Goa Gajah

Pura Goa Gajah one tourist attraction in Bali, located in the village of Bedulu, Blahbatuh, Gianyar, Bali, is a center of the kingdom of Bali Kuna, and one of the heritage sites in the archipelago.

Goa Gajah is more appropriately called the temple, but because it is shaped cave, then called Goa Gajah. The distance from Denpasar Approximately 26 Km. There is no art stalls and eating house.

This temple is enclosed by rice fields in the beauty of the river canyon Patanu, very easy to achieve because there are on track to be on the tourist route Denpasar - Tampaksiring - Lake Batur - Kintamani.

Lovina Beach is the most famous place in Bali.

2013-07-02T20:22:00.001-07:00

Lovina Beach is the most famous place in Bali. - Lovina is a tourist attraction the most famous beaches in the northern part of Bali. This includes the coastal resorts of several villages, among others, the village Pemaron, Tukadmungga village, villages and rural Anturan Kalibukbuk including Buleleng districts.

When from the capital Denpasar to Lovina will take approximately 3 hours or within about 210 miles through the highway Denpasar-Bedugul-Singaraja.

Tourist attraction located in Lovina tourist attraction is the beach with calm blue ocean water. It is very interesting in this tourist region and makes Lovina is a very famous tourist attraction to see the dolphins (Orcaella breviroustris) in the sea area of Lovina.

Dolphins with brownish black color this every morning and afternoon jumping off the beach (Java Sea) approximately 2 km from the mainland. To be able to see the dolphins should be done in the morning before sunrise to rent a boat (boats).

In addition to dolphins, in the tourist area of Lovina Marine Park are also located approximately 50 meters from the beach towards the sea.
Lovina area supported by a number of tourism facilities such as cafes, both five-star hotel accommodation, budget hotel, cottage or homestay, restaurants, art shops, etc..

When dusk till night, the cafes along the coast of Lovina present atmosphere is not much different from Kuta beach, just feel more lonely and quiet and still be able to listen to the waves while enjoying drinks and food.

Jimbaran Beach is the most famous place in Bali.

2013-07-02T20:16:00.002-07:00

Jimbaran Beach is the most famous place in Bali. - Jimbaran beach, one of the beach with a view of sunset in Bali is presenting a unique natural landscape. Location This beach is located in the village of Jimbaran, Badung regency, Bali.

Located sufficiently close to the city of Denpasar about 30 minutes away and 10 minutes from Ngurah Rai airport through Ngurah Rai By Pass road to the south when there is no congestion.

Jimbaran beach is also close to the beach which is Kedonganan fish auction center in Bali. So here you can buy various types of fish caught by traditional fishermen a relatively cheap price. Therefore along the coast there are many seafood restaurants which offer a variety of seafood dishes such as grilled fish, squid, lobster, shrimp, complete with a fresh coconut ice.

There you can enjoy dinner or dinner accompanied by a beautiful sunset atmosphere that you do not get elsewhere.

For the price of the seafood dishes vary usually calculated per ounce. So you have nothing to lose if the visit here.

In addition to a pampering eye view of the beach, complete with white sand and beautiful sunset makes you not want to leave this place.

For those of you who are vacationing with family, this beach is perfect for you both. While you can enjoy a sunset dinner on the beach with a very romantic atmosphere.

Kintamani and Lake Batur most famous tourist attractions in Bali.

2013-07-02T20:05:00.004-07:00

Kintamani and Lake Batur most famous tourist attractions in Bali. - Former view of the devastating eruption of Batur.

Kintamani, which is located in Bangli regency, offers a beautiful view of the lake while enjoying lunch. Enjoy the beauty of the mountains and lake Batur which produce smoke that beautify the atmosphere.
Kintamani offers a fresh atmosphere of the hills with temperatures around 18 degrees Celsius, much like air in Bedugul.

The main attraction of the region is a view of Mount Kintamani and Lake Batur.
Mount Batur is a mountain that still is active and the second highest after Mount Agung at Besakih. Atmosphere is best when enjoy lunch while enjoying the beauty of the lake and the mountains spouting smoke friendly.

Interested to know more about Kintamani? Also a time to yourself to visit Trunyan village near the lake. But you have to cross by boat to get there to travel more than 20 minutes.

What is interesting and unique is the way the locals cemetery which is different from the prevalence in Bali. The corpse was propped in a tree without buried. But that does not issue a unique body odor because neutralized by the smell of fragrant wood called incense.

Tanah Lot Temple the most famous tourist spots in Bali.

2013-07-02T19:54:00.003-07:00

Tanah Lot Temple the most famous tourist spots in Bali. - Tanah Lot is a tourist attraction in Bali which offers natural beauty at sunset. The uniqueness of Pura Tanah Lot is the place which is located in the middle of the sea about 300 meters from the beach, there is also a rock in the middle there is a large cave.
In the north there is a Pura Tanah Lot temple is situated on a cliff jutting into the sea. This cliff temple connect with the land and shaped like a curved bridge.
Here there are two temples are situated on top of a large rock. One is located above the boulder and the other located on a cliff similar to the Uluwatu Temple.
Pura Tanah Lot temple is part of Dang heaven and a place of worship of the god of the sea temple guards the sea.
Below and to the west there is a source of fresh water which is holy water for Hindu people.
When down to the beach between the cliffs Pura Tanah Lot, then in a given month will witness the sunset where the red ball of the sun will be right in the hole cliff, like tired eyes looking at the world.
Unfortunately, this scene can only be seen in certain months when the sun is sinking inclined to the north.
In some hallways barrier reef around Tanah Lot Temple there are striped snakes are tame and trusted by the local community as a temple guard.
Around the temple there are also freshwater springs and can be seen when the sea water is receding. The presence of springs that became one of the considerations when this place was chosen as the location of the temple.
Said Land Lot consists of the word "Land" is defined as a rock, "Lot" or "Lod" means sea. So Tanah Lot is intended that land in the middle of the sea.
Pura Tanah Lot was founded in the 15th century by a Hindu named Rauh Nirartha Bawu Rawuh or originating from the kingdom of Majapahit. Danhyang Niratha on his way to spread the Hindu religion of the land of Java in the 16th century. Before giving the instructions to set up a temple in this place, he felt the vibrations and get perfection inner sanctity.
According to legend Nirartha successfully embracing Hinduism belief strengthen the local community about the teachings of Hinduism.
A leader in the holy place called Bendesa Beraban feel unrivaled as many followers became followers Danghyang Nirarta. Then Bendesa Nirartha told to leave the Tanah Lot.
Before leaving Tanah Lot with all his might he move the stone boulders into the middle of the beach and built temples there. She also changed her shawl into a snake temple guards. These snakes are still there today and this snake species including sea snakes that have a characteristic flat tail like a fish, striped yellow black color. Bendesa Beraban was amazed and later became a follower Nirartha.
As a tourist attraction, Tanah Lot has a professionally managed furnished with parking facilities, toilet, art shops, restaurants, hotels, open stage, tourist information center, and facility security and safety.
With paid admission so all visitors have been protected with accident insurance. Similarly, parking services, every vehicle coming into land zoned lots with direct pay parking fees are covered by insurance.

Wood carving, batik, silver, in Ubud, Tohpati, Celuk, Mas, interesting places in Bali

2013-07-02T19:43:00.001-07:00

Wood carving, batik, silver, in Ubud, Tohpati, Celuk, Mas, interesting places in Bali

Tohpati
Batik handicraft center
This area is known as a center of batik artisans and craft gallery. Along this cultivation area is found batik gallery. The tourist region you will be presented with both the process of making batik and woven batik by batik makers cultivation. You also can buy this batik handicrafts directly in the tourist area of cultivation.

Celuk: spot silver (silver jewelry)
Celuk is the central area of silver and gold artisans in Bali. Results Celuk silver and gold are well known in foreign countries. You will be able to watch the process and results of silver and gold in this area. You can also buy silver and gold directly available in the art shop along this Celuk area.

Mas: wood carving
Mas Village is one of the central area of wood-carving craft. In this area there are the artists who sell their sculptures in various Art Gallery sculpture along the Mas village, Ubud. You can also watch the artists who are carving sculptures out of wood. The quality of the sculpture of the artists in the village of Mas is one of the best on the island and is famous in the world.

Ubud
Ubud especially popular among foreign tourists because this location is located between the fields and the forest that lies between the mountain ravines that create a very beautiful nature. In addition Ubud is known for its arts and culture that is growing very rapidly and developed.
Pulse Ubud community life can not be separated from art. Here too there are many art galleries, as well as the arena of music and dance performances are held alternately every night in all corners of the village.

Bedugul Lake Beratan and Batubulan Barong dance, interesting places in Bali

2013-07-02T19:30:00.004-07:00

Bedugul Lake Beratan and Batubulan Barong dance, interesting places in Bali - If you visit Bali do not forget to come to a very interesting place as follows:

Bedugul / Lake Beratan.

Beratan Lake is one of the attractions in Bedugul which is very interesting to visit. The cool weather during the day makes you feel comfortable to enjoy the scenery around the lake Beratan.
To enjoy the scenery around the lake, you can rent boats and canoes boot. It is suitable for you and your family or with friends to enjoy the natural beauty around the lake Beratan.
Beratan Lake is located in Bedugul area, village Candikuning, Baturiti Tabanan, Bali.
Being in lane provincial road connecting Denpasar - Singaraja and its proximity to the Eka Karya Botanical Garden makes this place to be one of the mainstay tourist island of Bali. Besides easy reach of Lake Beratan also provides a variety of charm and adequate accommodation.
In the middle of the lake there is a temple of Pura Ulun Danu is a shrine to the Sang Hyang Dewi Danu as a giver of fertility.
Bedugul botanical garden, location not far from Lake Beratan, about 2 km. Distance of about 2 hours or 70 km from Denpasar or 40 km from Singaraja by land. feeling tired, tired, stressed, or feeling the burden will gradually disappear when it entered the Eka Karya botanical garden.

Batubulan/ Barong

Place Barong and Kris Dance. The show begins at 9 am.
Batubulan tourist attraction is one of the village's famous art like sculpture, dance, batik art as well, we could see the craft Balinese batik. Batik art is the legacy of our ancestors has Bali motif. Regarding the quality of batik produced more priority to quality so getting very serious attention of the consumer, and the results are very salable in the market both domestically and abroad. and for sculpture and carving in the highlight in the form of sculptures made from stone and sandstone padas.
Appreciation of art is the famous Barong / Barong and Kecak Dance. Batubulan located 10 km from the city of Denpasar, Sukawati District Gianyar Province, Bali. Batubulan is Gianyar city gates.
Barong staged carried by two dancers, one dancer in the head and the other on the butt / tail. Barong dance depicts the virtues and vices of the fight which is a blend that is always opposite (rwa bhineda). Barong dance accompanied by gamelan Semar Pagulingan. Visitors will never get tired of watching this dance because in addition to a good story is also loaded with humor.

Schedule Kecak Dance in Bali

2013-07-02T05:22:00.003-07:00

Schedule Kecak Dance in Bali - Kecak Dance is a typical Balinese performing arts that was created in the 1930s, played by dozens of men who sat lined circular and said with a certain rhythm called "cak" and raised both arms.
The dancers are seated in a circle wearing a checkered cloth like a chessboard their waist.
This dance depicts the story of Ramayana when Rama's line of apes help fight Ravana. Kecak dance songs taken from the ritual dances sanghyang the dancers dance traditions will be in unconscious condition, to communicate with God or the spirits of the ancestors and then convey their expectations to the community.
Travelers who are interested in watching Kecak Dance can choose one of three locations performances, among others at the Pura Luhur Uluwatu, at Village Batubulan, as well as in Hanuman Road.
Kecak Dance privilege that is not to rely on instruments to accompany the dance, but the dancers' choirs. Kecak dance is also known as Kecak and Fire Dance. Performing this last kind of bonus that can invite admiration of the audience.

Location-watching Kecak Dance in Bali

Uluwatu Kecak dance

Location: Uluwatu Kecak dance is at a show in the area of Uluwatu temple area
Time: 18:00 s / d 19:00
When: Every Day
Tickets: Rp.70.000
Kecak dance Ubud

Location: Area Tourism Ubud, change location / rotation (can check in Ubud Tourist Information Tlp.0361-973 285)
Time: 19:00 s / d 20; 00
When: Every Day
Tickets: Rp.75.000
Kecak Dance Moon Stone

Location: Kecak Dance at Batu Bulan, Barong Dance is located together with Moon Stone
Time: 18:30 s / d 19:30
When: Every Day
Tickets: Rp. 100,000
Tanah Lot Kecak dance

Location: Pura Tanah Lot tourist area (western part of the temple, near restaurants Melati)
Time: 18:30
When: Every day
Tickets: Rp. 50,000
Kecak Dance is more familiar with the dance Kecak & Fire Dance, The Story of the Kecak dance is all pretty much the same anywhere you watch, of course each memeiliki advantages and disadvantages, such as the famous Uluwatu Kecak Kecak Sunset and Kecak in Ubud is famous for motion Kecak more profisional. So do not be confused confused to choose the location to watch the show Barong Dance in Bali, staying in the match with a trip wire your Tour.

Privacy Policy for Informations

2013-07-01T19:11:00.001-07:00

Privacy Policy for Informations

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Technical report Test Resistance Test Sabang Marindo ship model

2013-06-17T05:35:00.001-07:00

1. INTRODUCTIONTechnical report Test Resistance Test Sabang Marindo ship model is a report that describes the activities that have been carried out by the Leader Manufacturing and testing of ship models 1.2.0, Program Completion Application Design and Test Operation Fast Ferry Transport Passenger / Goods 2010.Numerically based assessment in the first year (2008) and second year (2009) has made the choice of vessels to be used as a model in this research is a fast ferry Marindo Sabang. Where the results of the numerical calculations is known that the ship Marindo Sabang has the highest stability ~ 75 degrees, and rolling angle <10 degrees.As a first step in this activity is 2010 on ship design improvements Marindo Sabang, which is done by doing paint smear testing and test resistance at Sabang Marindo ship model that was created in 2009.Test Resistance testing is done with a speed of 25 knots in the two conditions of the ship, which is testing resistance in the test conditions and the condition of the model evenkeel trim.2. PURPOSEThe purpose of this activity is malakukan testing resistance test on two conditions evenkeel and trim on a speed boat 25 kont. Where it is intended for prisoners to get the amount of information that occurs in the condition of the vessel evenkeel and trim.3. RESISTANCE TO TEST

Activities undertaken in the third year (year 2010) in the form of design modifications linesplan fast ferry passenger ship based on the analysis of numerical / mathematical models, test the model in the pool and a full-scale measurement of the performance of a fast ferry transport of goods and passengers.The results of technical studies in the previous 2 years so needs to be supplemented by performance data fast ferry while sailing in the sea. Thus in 2010 the research activities focused on the assessment results of the performance data collection fast ferry vessel operating on the high seas through a full-scale measurements (full scale measurement).Measurement data is analyzed and studied together with the results of hydrodynamic studies in the previous year and then made modifications to the design and re-test in order to obtain a hydrodynamic body shape design fast ferries are safe and comfortable for the passengers.Resistance testing performed on evenkeel conditions in Towing Tank with 2 m laden ship. In this test the ship's speed varies as follows: speed of 12.5 knots; 15 knots; 17.5 knots; 20 knots; 22.5 kont; 25 knots and 27.5 knots.
Resistance testing performed on the trim condition 2 condition trim, trim back the 2 cm scale models and trim back 5 cm scale models. The test is performed on each Towing Tank with boat speed varies as follows: speed of 12.5 knots; 15 knots; 17.5 knots; 20 knots; 22.5 kont; 25 knots and 27.5 knots.Results of testing the resistance test trim conditions shown in graphic form the relationship between the resistance vessels and speed boats.

Resistance testing conditions of the model trim back 2 cm and 5 cm with a speed of 12.5 knots variations; 15 knots; 17.5 knots; 20 knots; 22.5 kont; 25 knots and 27.5 knots, the results are displayed in graphical form relationships resistance ship with a speed

SYNERGY OF FISHING VESSEL repowering ACTIVITY

2012-11-14T04:16:00.002-08:00

SYNERGY OF FISHING VESSEL repowering ACTIVITY

A. Institutional Synergy Program Coordination
1. Synergy Coordination Framework
Synergy-Institutional Coordination Framework Program: Make efforts to work together in the coordination of institutional programs, to smooth terwujutnya program and program objectives. Always keep track of program activities and actively participate in activities related to the program.
Institutional coordination at the time of the survey conducted by the Department of Marine and Fisheries (DKP) and elements of the village have been going well, especially in the provision of information about the presence of fishing vessels designated as the object of research. Coordination with DKP and shipowners in Banyusangkah increasingly intense after obtaining a fishing boat as the object of the study area tersebut.Bentuk Coordination with Government / DKP and village associated with licensing, technical discussions and surveys as well as asset management research.
2. Indicators of Institutional Success Synergy-program coordination:
Woke up strong relationships and mutual support institutional development program activities. Especially in this hasilpenelitian socializing to be delivered to other fishermen in Madura, so the technology is able to be applied to fishing communities to reduce the operational costs of arrest and improving standards of living.
3. Synergy Development of Coordination:
This phase has been going on several times-institutional coordination program, especially with DKP Bangkalan emphasis on plan assets research grants to shipowners to involve the DKP to surrender and plan the use of the asset as the development of future research.
.
B. Utilization Framework Litbangyasa
Litbangyasa results will be given to owners of fishing vessels at the site of research work that is Bp. Sayidi Banyusangka village Bangkalan DKP Bangkalan Madura involving the submission process. It is hoped that the technology will be obtained can be utilized by fishermen and transmitted to other fishermen to support the development of maritime industry and become a valuable technology information for the community.
1.Kerangka and Utilization Strategy Litbangyasa: Strategies litbangyasa the utilization of technology resulting transformed the fishermen for fishermen can be transmitted to others in order to improve the welfare of fishing communities and increase local revenues pantai.Meyakinkan with evidence of research results to the fishermen or vessel owners bahwasannya drive fishing boat with inboard system more efficient when compared with the fishing boat outboard system.
A challenge that implementation inboard system has not been fully accepted by the owners of fishing vessels using ring nets because the nets lodged constraints bali boat propeller. Besides the constraints on fishing vessels that operate through the muddy feared the propeller being damaged by mud. Therefore, it is necessary to do a more in-depth follow-up study in order to avoid both of these situations.
Successful Utilization 2.Indikator litbangyasa: The indicator is able to apply this technology to fishing communities to reduce operational costs arrests.
3. Developments Utilization Litbangyasa: Until now in the process of generating litbangyasa technology.

Power Estimation Fish Boat

2012-11-14T04:15:00.002-08:00

Power Estimation Fish Boat

At the time of planning, an engineer must be able to perform in accordance with the existing peracangan based regulations. Regulations are usually issued by the Class, such as BKI (Bureau Classification Indonesia), BV (Bureau Veritas), GL (Germanischer Lloyd), etc., so that an engineer must choose one of the many classes available.
Estimated to be done first is the driving force of the ship, because basically playing engine or ship propulsion, can spend about 30 percent of the total budget to be released soon, so this could be said to be crucial, and must be considered carefully.
Cost to play is usually directly proportional to the engine power being issued, so we just need to find the required driving force approximation (BHP).
The first to do is to make corrections to the size of the main vessel owner given by regulation to be used. The results of this correction is that natinya will be used in determining the initial estimate ship propulsion.
Correction Main Size (In accordance with BKI)
• The value of L / Bantara 5.0 - 6.0
• The value of L / Hantara 8.5 - 10
• The value of T / B between 0:45 to 0:48
• The value of T / Hantara 0.74 - 0.84
After the correction of errors in the can, then we can find the value of Cb (block coefficient), Ac (Coefficient Admiral), and displacement (Δ) is needed later. The formula is:
CB = 1179 - ((0333 * Vs) / L ^ 0.5)
Ac = 0.95 L + 197
Δ = LWL * B * T * Cb * 1:03
L = Length of ship (m)
LWL = Length Waterline Ship = 1045 * L
B = Width Outlying Ship (m)
T = Draft or Draught Ship (m)
H = Height Ship (m)
Cb = block coefficient
Ac = coefficient Admiral
Δ = Ship Displacement (tons)

Early Power Estimation Mover
To calculate ship propulsion design used methods Admiralitet:

SHP = {(Displ ^ 2/3) x Vs ^ 3} / Ac
BHP = SHP / (0.98 x 0.85)
SHP = Shaft Horse Power (Hp)
BHP = Break Horse Power (Hp)

The calculation to determine the initial estimate Ship Power Activator can be made in a visual basic program. Examples of cases and the calculation is as follows:
Shipyard will make fishing boats ordered by the owner with the following specifications:
• LPP = 9.14 m
• B = 2.92 m
• T = 1.37 m
• H = 1.73 m
• Vs = 8 Knot
These steps are used:
1. Make corrections to the size of the ship's main
2. Calculates the value of Cb, Ac, and displacement
3. After that, the calculation of the SHP, sehinggan value of BHP can be found.

METHOD PERFORMANCE TARGET ACHIEVEMENT repowering FISHING VESSEL

2012-11-14T04:14:00.005-08:00

METHOD PERFORMANCE TARGET ACHIEVEMENT repowering FISHING VESSEL

A. Methods of achieving the performance targets
1. Framework - The design of the research methods
Implementation Survey.
The purpose of the survey is to give understanding to the fishing community about the purpose of the study as well as providing the opportunity for fishermen to engage his ship as the object of the survey area penelitian.Sasaran field directed at the area of the southern coast of the island of Madura and the northern coast of the island of Madura, including fishing centers in Bangkalan, lacquer, Pamekasan, and Sumenep.
Survey the target object is a fishing boat or a ship-sized fish collectors GT 5-25, single or dual-engine propulsion system with outboard engine propulsion. For that survey the location specified in the centers of the central location of the operational area of fishing vessels in the waters adequately represent its popularity Madura Island. As a case study was also conducted surveys in Pati and Probolinggo Juwono Central Java and East Java.
Prior to this survey teams go into the field approaches (relationship) is procedurally against several parties that the survey went smoothly and right on target is expected, while the parties are:
1. The local government through the Department of Marine and Fisheries of the local area.
2. Sub-district and village heads.
3. Fishermen and boat owners group Traditional.
4. Traditional shipbuilding.
Beginning with the notice and consent to a government survey / Department of Fisheries Kelauutan and directly followed by an explanation of the goals and objectives of the survey as the beginning of a series of research activities. Discussions with the Government / Department of Marine and Fisheries took place intensively, especially relating to fishing vessel data that corresponds to the purpose of the study.

Discussions with groups of fishermen and boat owners were directed to get the fishing boats as objects penelitian.Dijelaskan about the importance of improving the efficiency of the ship, especially giving the sense that the inboard engine propulsion system with a much better and more efficient than outboard system that is still used by the community fishermen on the island of Madura. Limitations of the fishermen and boat owners on the basics shipbuilding techniques and trends toward traditions remain the toughest challenge for researchers in obtaining the object of research fishing vessel.
On the other hand many ship owners are reluctant to give up his ship participated as a research object. This is understandable, because the vessel used for the object of research the ship owner will lose income because they can not go out to sea during the measurement vessel, sea trial, and during the demolition and installation of machinery. Besides, due to budget constraints, the owner of the ship burdened with the cost of materials and the cost of installation of the wood foundation. These constraints make the delay in getting the fishing vessel research object, which in turn affects the ships engine procurement proposal. The calculation engine propulsion power of the vessel can be done after the measurements to the drawing board as a starting point for the calculation of an engine needed.
2. Indicators of Success Achievement
As a result of intensive coordination with the local government / DKP Bangkalan and village heads as well as the willingness of owners of fishing boats in the village Bp.H Sayidi Banyusangka Bangkalan, then in early August 2012 have been obtained Boats Fish to be the object of research after approval of the owner ship.
Fish Vessel Name:
Ship owner: H. Sayidi
Address: Village Banyusangka Bangkalan
Type of ship: Ship Fish
Capture Tool: Net ring (purse seine)
Vessel Size
- Length = 16.24 m LOA
- Length LWL = 12.00 m
- Width = 4.00 m
- Height = 1.53 m
- Ship Loaded Blanks = 0.5 m
- Ships Fully Loaded = 0.77 m

Installation of Engine Systems Fishing boat Inboard.

2012-11-14T04:14:00.002-08:00

Installation of Engine Systems Fishing boat Inboard.

Target end of the study was change and the installation of an engine of a fishing boat from system to system inboard outboard. The success of the system change is indicated by an increase in the speed of fishing vessels from the sea trial results of Phase I (outboard systems) and sea phase II trial (inboard system).
Until the report is made, the need for ship propulsion engine is still in the process of procurement. Submission of machines has been delayed due to difficulties in obtaining a fishing boat as objects of research as diurakan the previous chapter. Thus, the installation of an engine can not be done and the experience penundahan. Estimated installation inboard propulsion engines and equipment takes 1-2 weeks.

a. Engines on fishing boats
generally has a principle and mechanism of action similar to other machines, which are used in the automotive and other industries world. It's just that distinguishes it is the need, function and mechanism of the machine system works. In most fishing boats use diesel engines. Diesel engine propulsion system is a machine that is using the system compression (compression systems) is high; then injects fuel into the air in the machine at high temperatures and pressures. This is actually the source that causes a strong vibration, which in turn can result in reduced engine power and keel over a period of time.
Such circumstances also associated with the installation of ship machinery used. If the installation machine is not exactly aligned with the axis located flat and propellers, it will cause suboptimal function of the machine as ship propulsion. To convert between one type of machine as the main machine of the kind of high or medium speed on a fishing boat is very closely related to the preliminary design in shipbuilding, which is also related to the state of the machine used or the selection of engineering, and installation of machinery on the ship. It can be said that the stages in the manufacture of a vessel within the family system is the installation of machinery and installation of runway axis propeller (propeller bost). Thus required an integration (integration) between the engineering design of the installation of the machine with the vessel. It should be based on knowledge of installation techniques effective machine moving fishing boats, which are generally still made from wood.
As the foundation of the machine used materials commonly used in building wooden ships and iron-steel material as a binder or necessary for the installation of ship machinery.

b. Machine Foundations
Determining the proper foundation mesinyang (accurate) is an important first step be done in the process of installing the machine ships. Because it is closely related to the techniques of effective ship engine installed as a driver of the boat. Make ikanharuslah ship design takes into account the position of machines and devices that support the machine as a driving force.
Making foundation to prepare the foundation outboard engine according to size, the width of the feet, the length and height. Engine size it should be known prior information, in order to create a harmony machine foundation. For it must already know the type of machine that was about to be used, ie specifications, shape and type of engine and propeller size to be used with the machine. That information is needed in order to put the machine foundation and continues.
Once the engine is solid and stable foundation, the next step to determine the hole axis propeller.

c. Position blades (Propeller)
Making holes sumbubaling blades is a crucial (crucial) the effectiveness of the machine. It is closely related to the position and size of the hole, which is determined by the size of the axis and the size of the propeller used. Position propeller shaft hole affects the position of the machine foundation and in turn also effective engine power. Position and size of the hole axis propeller is also closely related to the type of machine to be used because it will affect the ability to 'gear box'.
To know the size of propeller shaft to be used, the first step is to know the capacity and capabilities of the machine. Especially with respect to power machines usually printed on the machine. The size of the propeller shaft can be determined with complete knowledge about the machines that will be installed on the ship. The technician who installed the machine ships, can not decide the magnitude axis propeller based on the size of the existing ships, but determined the size of the engine and propeller. From the data the engine power to be used then the ability RPM (Round Per Minute) maximum of a machine can be obtained, thus automatically magnitude 'gear box' will be calculated. To determine the velocity of the machine (in RPM) on the gear box, usually used comparisons RPM on any type of gear box are sold in the market. In this case using a ratio of 1:3,
So the function 'gear-box' is to reduce engine speed before reaching the propeller through the propeller shaft. Therefore, the maximum velocity of the machine used as a benchmark capability 'gear box'. Kaedahnya are simply the higher the engine speed, the higher the ratio that should be owned by the gear box. If kaedah is not implemented, it could result in loss of engine power (engine power losting).
Furthermore, the already known scale 'gear box', the amount of 'output shaft coupling' in the gear box can be determined. This data is useful to determine the axis that will be used as the propeller. The magnitude of propeller shaft to be used should not exceed the 'shaft' on 'gear box coupling'.
Once the size of the propeller shaft is determined, can then be used to determine the amount of the propeller. To determine the amount of leaf blades, the need to re-see the comparison RPM gear box and engine. This relationship can be explained by considering the speed of the propeller circle line moving. The smaller the circle motion propeller sooner it will be a round that will be generated. Similarly, the lighter the load borne by the machine. Because garistengah round 'clutch' on 'gear box' and the engine clutch must be adjusted to the ability to move the propeller; then it should be noticed that the magnitude of the propeller used will not collide with the body of the vessel or hull or deck at the bottom stern of the ship. after propeller size obtained. Further determined lengths propeller shaft (propeller).
To determine the size of the long axis of the rotor blades, the length is measured from the approximate distance from the seat in the body of the gear box to the rear of the stern of the vessel before passing the full length; to estimate the propeller can move freely. Also need to consider that if then required, it can also increase the leaf blades at any time without having problems, caused by the limited distance between the keel to the underside of the ship at the stern. Then measure the length of the pipe 'stantip', which starts from the pole L to the last copy of the portion paid into the body of the ship reaches the gear box.
So determining the position of the ship's engine system must be considered with the ship. Position the machine must be in harmony with the weight and size of the machine. The installation position of the machine that will either reduce vibration (vibration) generated by the machine.
d. Installation of Gear Box
After the entry hole propeller shaft mounting dibuatdan ace, boss, couplings and pipe stantip been completed, then proceed with the installation of gear box. Position 'gear box' is determined by the position of propeller shaft coupling. How to determine the position of the gear box is measured from the outer clutch that connects the gear box with as propeller; then created position gear box. Position has been obtained to see whether or not the barriers experienced in the installation of gear box, such as keel position that does not allow for the gear box was mounted. If this is the case then it should be taken as a decision making seat gear box using iron or other materials that do not easily shake or topple. However, if the position can be directly used as a full footrest gear box, this will make it easier installation work gear box. If this situation is found, then the thing to do is to scrape the hull then measured kerataannya partly with spirit or water weights.
Requires a series of supporting gear box consisting of sticks and rope gear box triggers trigger on the main engine and the gas pump Bilge trigger. For the installation of the trigger stick gear box used to ship wood or iron triggers that connect directly with the hole in the window or the engine room, and connected directly to the master with a trigger. While the gas is used to trigger a powerful hose cable strung from the trigger gas contained in the machine, and attached to the cable and added a series of roller made of iron attached to the wall of the ship's engine. The series is directed straight to the skipper will control kapal.Setelah gear box sits flat and strong ascertained, the next step is to create a clutch that connects the axle propeller, gear box to the engine pulley.

FIG. The installation of a fishing boat engines
e. Installation of Machinery
Installation padadasarnya machine is installed and put the machine on the base machine. How to put the machine not much different from the previous gear box installed. The difference in the gear box mounting, he was influenced by the position of the keel. While pemaangan machine engine position has been determined by the foundation that has been created previously. That leaves only the distance between the gear box to the engine, and high engine with gear box and clutch alignment between synchronization wide position clutch that connects the engine to the gear box and the bolts fastening the feet.
Constraints experienced in the installation of the machine when the position is sometimes determined by the flatness of the position 'axis propeller shafting' and 'gear box' does not conform to the shape and distance of the height of the machine. It would require a special technique to determine the position of the machine on the foundation. Another alternative should be taken as determining the degree of slope engines berhubunganlangsung dalammenetapkansinkronisasi clutch with the engine. Or the other way by undermining the foundation or penambahankakimesintambahan entirely made of iron. This is done so that the position of the engine clutch gear box on an equal footing in order to avoid the unexpected. For example, the calculation is not exact due to opposing forces arising between the rotation of the machine with the clutch gear box, which makes the lack of durability advocates foot gear box or engine. Resulting in excessive shock, vibration and engine noise rise. Vibration and noise these machines need to be controlled so that the fish will be caught not tergangguataumenghindardarikapaldan work crew comfort is not compromised.
If all important considerations and calculations required has been done and the data obtained, the installation mesinpun done. Started by connecting the engine with the clutch and gear box bolt fastener pengemalan machine foot, having ascertained the position of the machine. Position the machine may be paid directly to the joist and laid out as the foundation engineering; were sometimes necessary ditarah (scraped) or by the addition of the feet made of iron. Whichever way the aim is to use the machine to sit steady and flat, so it is not expected to pose a constraint on the power of machine motion or other effects caused by an aligned position. Less conscientious and careful in installing the machine allows the engine power is not effective as a driver of the boat.
After a series of position and other machinery sits perfectly (steady) then made a hole bolt fastener feet. This is done by Constructing 'mall' with the use of nails to make a dot on the machine foundation. Then the drilling is done by lifting the engine first. But there are other ways a more effective and efficient, ie by first measuring the feet thoroughly and carefully, regarding the width, height and distance synchronization engine with gear box.
Please note other elements that affect engineering engine installed on timber ships, such as the basic factor of the machine and the method of determining position, status and making the hole axis propeller (propeller), mounting gear box, power grid, support equipment, steering and gasbuang pipe.

DEVELOPMENT OF repowering FISHING VESSEL

2012-11-14T04:13:00.002-08:00

DEVELOPMENT OF repowering FISHING VESSEL

A. Stages of Implementation Activities
The research activities are grouped into 10 stages based on the weight kigiatan predetermined performance targets:
1. Preparation and coordination of program performance target of 2% weight
2. Implementation of the survey and data collection vessel weighs 12% performance targets
3. Determination of the location and the object of research achievements 2% weight targets
4. Planning system for repowering weight performance targets 8%
5. Procurement of materials or machinery performance target of 10% weight
6. Preparation and modification of the rear hull shape and construction installation amplifier performance target of 25% weight
7. Installation of propulsion and steering system performance target of 15% weight
8. The test system performance target of 12% weight
9. Analysis and evaluation of project performance target of 10% weight
10. Preparing reports 4% weight targets achievement.

2. Obstacles Constraints Implementation Activities
Outboard engine fishing boat mostly used on fishing boats with nets ring, which at the time deployment and withdrawal of nets, engine is off and the propeller along its axis rotated / elevated above the surface of the water. This is done to avoid jams nets on the propeller while the net position under the hull
Ship owners think with the change of the system of outboard engines to engines with inboard system, the existence of a fixed propeller under the water surface would be an obstacle to the withdrawal nets, snagged on the propeller.
With these system changes shipowner must provide funds for the needs of the foundation wood vessels and the cost of labor. Besides changes in the system resulted in a fishing boat stopped operating in sufficient time to have an understanding lama.Pemilik Ship propulsion system is very low and difficult to accept the changes that have never been experienced before.
The existence of the above constraints our researchers difficulty object of research to get on board and get them in early August 2012 for further calculations of the required engine power driving begins with the measure and ship lines plan.

B. Managerial Administrative Management
1. Budget Planning
Plans have been made before the use of the budget based on the needs of the research and other activities that support the research. To achieve the research output expected, actual budget is expected to be absorbed entirely for optimality and smoothness of the activity itself.
2. Budget Management Mechanism
Until the report is made, the research project has been merealisaikan Rp. 98,415,000, - or 39,244% of the total funds of Rp. 250.000.000, -.
3. Design and Development of Asset Management
Technology fishing boat with inboard propulsion system is expected to become a pilot and disseminated to fishermen around. For the results of this study in the form of a single unit will dihibahkanpemilik boat inboard engine and mounted on a fishing boat used as a research object.
4. Constraints - Constraints Management Managerial Administration
1. Absorption of Honor realization reached 17.4% of the target of 26.32% or 65.8% is absorbed. The remaining fees will be absorbed after the work is completed.
2. Business travel is realized 18,027% of the total target of 35%, or 51.5% was realized. Schedule absorption of the remaining trips are proposed.
3. Materials unrealized (0%) of the total target of 32.24%, has been filed, is currently in the procurement process. Delays in procurement of materials such as ship engine unit can affect the completion schedule of the overall research activity.

Sea trial Phase I for Outboard Systems

2012-11-14T04:00:00.002-08:00

Sea trial Phase I for Outboard Systems

This study will provide the best performance on the propulsion system due to changes in a system inboard outboard system. The change from system to system inboard outboard emphasis on efforts to increase the ship's speed and fuel economy for the same mileage. In that study selected fishing boat with outboard systems that will be used as the object of research. Measurement speed through the sea trial tests conducted 2 (two) times as follows: velocity measurements on a fishing boat with outboard systems; measurements performed on the two ships of the same but after the change of system from outboard to inboard system. The results of the two measurements will be compared and will provide propulsion system which is the most efficient.
Sea Trial goal: To measure the speed of fishing vessels at some distance cruising conditions and measures to be taken within a certain time. Sea Trial is menggunakanportableFLOWATCH used to measure the instantaneous speed, average speed and maximum speed of the object of research vessels.

Using Flowatch for sea trial to measure the fishing boat: speed boat, wind speed, and temperature. Everything can be measured in real time.Ruang sea trial on the scope of this activity is to measure the speed and time and the condition of the vessel empty. Ship's speed is measured in round service and the maximum engine speed.

Sea Trial aims to determine the difference in speed boats fishing boat with outboard systems, and on vessels with inboard system. The change of the system outboard to inboard system performed on the same fishing boat. So the change of pace and mileage both conditions can be compared.
The test steps are as follows:
1. Engine fuel tanks emptied and filled fuel that has been measured in volume (with solar)
2. Flowatch enabled to be checked against the function of velocity in the water and in the air velocity functions. To start measuring speed by pressing the speed button function.
3. Machine is turned on and the ship began to walk to the next, especially when the engine starts measuring the round service and the maximum engine speed.
4. Stop-watch in record time to enable the testing.
5. Data-testing parameters direcord especially instant boat speed and the maximum speed of the ship.
6. Record speed data services carried on the lap and the maximum round includes data on ships departing and direction data on the way home. This is done to get the data that has been spared from the effects of environmental conditions, such as the influence of winds, currents and waves.
7. Performed the data analysis and evaluation of the ship's speed and fuel requirements.
8. Step No. 1 s / d no.7 performed well on a fishing boat with modification of the engine to the system inboard outboard system.

In this test required some equipment used such as:
1. Flowatch used to measure the ship's speed.
2. The stopwatch is used to measure the travel time of testing.
3. Measuring cups are used to measure the gasoline consumed in the testing time.
4. RPM indicator is used to determine the main engine rpm travel time of testing.
5. Laptops used to collect test data.

Main Equipment:
JDC FL-03 Flowatch Portable Flow meter

Propeller flow-meter
Flowatch
This instrument (flowmeter - thermometer) has been developed for use under challenging circumstances. Because of its different impellers, you can use it to measure amost any liquid or gaseous medium.

Fields of application:
Measure rivers flows
Irrigation canals
Ocean flows
Air conditioning conduits
Sewage flows
Ventilation shafts
Hydrological studies
Aerological studies
Chimney flues

Specifications Techniques:

SPEED FLOW MEASUREMENT
Units: km / h, mph, knots, m / s and cm / s
Accuracy: + / - 5% from - 10 ° to + 50 ° C
Measuring range: 2 to 150 km / h

TEMPERATURE
Units: ° C, ° F and windchill
Accuracy: + / - 1 °

Functions:
Current, minimum, average, maximum temperature and windchill factor

Data were recorded at the time of testing instrumentation systems recorded in tabular test function of time. The main data that will be used in this research is the data speed of the ship instantly; average speed; maximum speed and test time.

Data analysis is then performed measurements of speed and fuel consumption. Fishing boat speed is determined by the speed of the data record that shows a constant value in time series measurements and the result divided by the average speed results when leaving and when the ship returned. As for the calculation of fuel required is calculated based on fuel use when the vessel departed and went the difference of fuel initially reduced by residual fuel remaining in the tank divided by distance cruising machine that measured in the data measurements.

Flowatch is a unit of equipment that has been certified, however, as a comparison Flowatch as the primary measure in this study was conducted on Towing carriage calibration for measurement of velocity.

Potential Development of the Future Vessel Fish

2012-11-14T03:59:00.002-08:00

Potential Development of the Future Vessel Fish

1. Framework for the development of future
Litbangyasa results will be given to owners of fishing vessels at the site of research work, it is hoped that the technology will be obtained can be utilized by fishermen and transmitted to other fishermen to support the development of maritime industry and become a valuable technology information masyarakat.Meyakinkan with evidence of research results to the fishermen or owners bahwasannya drive fishing boat with inboard system more efficient when compared with outboard fishing boat system is the best way to transfer the technology to the fishermen who tend to tradition. Application inboard system has not been fully accepted by the owner of a fishing boat that uses a ring nets because the nets lodged constraints bali boat propeller. Besides the constraints on fishing vessels that operate through the muddy feared the propeller being damaged by mud. Therefore, it is necessary to do a more in-depth follow-up study in order to avoid both ersebut above.
The constraints use inboard engines for fishing boats with nets circumference (ring), and fishing boats operating in shallow muddy and rocky areas will find a way out and technology solutions best results.
2. Development Strategy forward:
Traditional Fish Ship size 10-20 GRT using ring nets (Purse Seine) in the southern coastal waters of Madura Island and most of the northern coast using Outboard drive system. The use of the system allows the outboard propeller lifted to the surface by way of a vertical rotating propeller shaft with rotary axes on the machine foundation. Consideration of the use of the system to avoid damage to the outboard is stuck in the propeller nets because, in addition to avoiding damage to the propeller because aground dilumpur happened to fishing boats that operate through the river.
From the side thrust boats, outboard systems very unfavorable when compared to the inboard system. Outboard thrust system works on 30-45 º angle to the direction of movement of the ship so that it can be said with the system outboard thrust the ship would lose between 30-40%. While the system inboard engines with thrust that occurs in line with the movement of the ship in order to reach the optimum thrust.
Ring nets (purse seine) wrapped in a bunch of fish, after it's done hauling or withdrawal of dance drawstring bottom mesh netting to form a pocket. The next stage is the removal of fish with nets containing driving machine "axle" of the ship transverse direction. This condition is a critical stage which allows web position and shift the body under the bottom of the ship, so that the net can be lodged with the propeller on a boat inboard system.
Future Development Strategy to conduct a study and provide the best alternative design solutions in the use of ring nets on fishing boat inboard system to avoid jams on the propeller ring nets. Alternative in question include the planning system that allows inboard propeller axis can be lifted upward along the surface of the water as possible on a system where the outboard. Besides installing the application tunnel propeller on propeller as protective nets for jams. Both alternatives would be memerlukn studies and in-depth research to get the best propulsion system. The success of this design will have an impact on the achievement of the optimum vessel speed, fuel requirements decrease for the same mileage, vessel operating costs can be reduced, and quality assured as quickly catches up to the shelter.

Fish Boat Lines plan depiction

2012-11-14T03:57:00.002-08:00

Fish Boat Lines plan depiction

Object of this study in the form of traditional wooden fishing boats where the manufacture is not use an image kerja.Dikatakan very important, because until now the traditional ships or boats are traditionally built generally done based on traditional patterns.
From various sources it was found that the craftsmen work not based on the traditional boat pictures work / techniques, they work by instinct they have for generations of their ancestors.
In order to calculate the power or the power of an engine is necessary fishing boat lines plan drawing of the ship. Because of the image will be used to determine the amount of power / engine specification is used, the specification of the propeller, and the interaction badang boats and propellers.

The purpose of this activity is to get the ship in the form of line drawings plan and a traditional fishing boat body plan. Taking measurement data is done manually with simple tools in the hope of the craftsmen of traditional boats could easily do so.

From observations in the field, it was decided not to take the data size hull form Dernaga fish in the area, for the following reasons:
1. Detailed shapes CARENA (hull submerged in the water) does not appear, so to see whether or not a characteristic form CARENA should be done under the observation of the water, that is by diving.
2. If done diving, then there is coordination difficulties between divers (in this case the officer who made the observations and measurements) with the registrar on land or in the boat, as it required a special communication tool.
3. In addition, because in the dock area - where the activities of loading and unloading takes place, then the measurement of potentially disruptive activities of loading and unloading activities very large.
4. The boats are usually lean meetings with each other on the dock, so the measurements are not free and even the risk of pinched ships are very large.

From some of these limitations, the data retrieval hull shape size fish in this study to be done on the beach, measurements can only be done in a quick and brief that at low tide.
Conditions sloping beach, do not look any special treatment to the area / land used as a shipyard, for example: leveling, compaction, soil hardening, and so on. Beaches used as-is (naturally) except a bit of cleaning the couch.
On the beach, fishing boats tethered-row lined with ship longitudinal direction perpendicular to the shore with the bow facing the sea (Figure).
Although the coastal land is left as it is, the base line (the baseline) actually kept the ship in a horizontal position, so that the keel laying is beginning a very important ship building (Figure).

Phase Vessel Width Measurement (Form Station - Photo)
1. Determining the reference line (base line) was taken as high as the flat keel, the reference line is drawn under the assumption that the ship even keel.
2. The curvature of the station expressed by a number of points. The number of points depends on the complexity of the form station. The sharper curvature of the curve station needs more point mark. Width given by x1, x2, x3, and so on until Xmax, while highly expressed by y1, y2, y3, and so on up to ymax.
3. Width station (x) measured from the outside of the hull, it is the sheer ease of measurement considerations in the field.
Stages Aft Ship Shape Measurement (Photo)
1. Specifies the zero point at the stern of the ship which is then assumed to be the location of Linggi stern or after perpendicular (AP).
2. Measure the length of the ship from the AP to the bow of the ship, measured to the leading end of the boat (la).
3. Having obtained the long-la, then do (la ') to facilitate the work on the ground, when he divided into ten. This division is intended to determine the location of the station. Each length is marked with chalk on the keel.
4. Can measure the length of part (niche stern) of the AP to the back, measured to the extreme rear of the ship (lb).
5. As with la, lb were rounded to facilitate work in the field, ie when lb 'is divided into three (). If the part can be felt more complex form, the division could be more than three (four, five, and so on.). As with the determination of the station on the main part, the division is to determine the location of the station on a part can.
6. Getting ship shape contour extends from the AP to the next. Measure the height from the base line at the points that have been marked as the location of the station. Assumed to ship even keel, so that base line coincides with the top of the flat keel. (See figure: h1, h2, h3, until h10, and the tip hf).
7. Contour shapes can get part of the AP to the back end. Measure the height from the base line at the points that have been marked as the location of the station on a part can (starting from HK, ha, hb, and hc until the hA).

CONCLUSION repowering FISHING VESSEL

2012-11-14T03:56:00.003-08:00

CONCLUSION repowering FISHING VESSEL

1. Conclusion
a. Stages of Implementation Activities and Budget
As of this report is made achievements activities reached 71.2%, delay occurred due to delays in getting the research object Fishing boat, fishing boat engines so that the procurement has been delayed resulting in the completion of the study as a whole has been delayed. The budget for the procurement of ship engines that are in the process of procurement Rp. 80,600,000, -, so that until the report is made, the research project has been merealisaikan Rp. 98,415,000, - or 39,244% of the total funds of Rp. 250.000.000, -.

b. Method of Achieving Target Performance
Method of achieving performance targets is done by the following main phases:
• Survey with the goal of achieving Fish Ship Systems inboard outboard converted to the system.
• Identify the need for ships to get data outturn Ship
• Identification of the ship's speed through the fish before repowering seatrial
• installing engine repowering the boat with inboard system (has not been done yet in the procurement process engine)
• Measuring the speed of the ship after repowering through the sea trial (not yet implemented).

c. Potential Future Development
The constraints use inboard engines for fishing boats with nets circumference (ring), and fishing boats operating in shallow muddy and rocky areas will find a way out and technology solutions best results.
d. Institutional Synergy Program Coordination
Coordination with the local shape / DKP and village associated with licensing, technical discussions and surveys as well as asset management research. Coordination of the plan assets grants to shipowners and DKP are in the process.
e. Utilization Framework Litbangyasa
Results litbangyasa form inboard engine with systems will be provided to owners of fishing vessels at the site of research work that is Bp. Sayidi Banyusangka village Bangkalan DKP Bangkalan Madura involving the submission process.

2. Suggestion
Further research should be considered, especially regarding the use of the system inboard propulsion engines on fishing boats with nets catching ring type (purse seine) to provide solutions to problems of the fishermen are being lodged in the propeller nets.