Il tuo Vet Online. Your Vet on line.

NOBODY'S DOG by Trudie James

2012-12-16T10:59:00.001+00:00

Today is the death day of nobody's dog
Nothing will mark it but a note in the log
I'm faceless and nameless and no tears will fall
For I know in your world I have no worth at all.

To you, my sweet someone, I am a friend and a dear
We ran the wind daily and you held me so near
But the gate was left open - I changed a walk on my own
I'd have cowered in fear if only I'd known.

I know how you cried on the night that I strayed
I know how you searched, I know how you prayed
But I went to a pound far far from our home
Where I crouched in despair in my kennel alone.

I know that you phoned for I heard your dear voice
And I hope you would hear me so I barked myself hoarse
Although I am a Lab cross with stockings all white
On their form I'm a Staff cross the description's not right.

So they said I' m not here and I sank to my bed
My kennel cough's worse and I can't raise my head
The rescue came yesterday but they hadn't a place
for a un-neutered cross breed with his mucus-streaked face.

You would have known me at once
You would have sensed I was near
You would have sorted my ills
You would have carried me home
And I promise our God no more would I roam.

Now my eyes plead for mercy for my seven days are done
And I am waiting with dread for the final vet run
No arms will caress me as they inject me to death
No words will comfort me as I take my last breath.

When the body man comes, it is fitting I'm found
In a bin bag in the freezer in the depths of the pound
Thrown away like the rubbish no respect and no shame
Denied even the time to find you again.

My loyalty and devotion they did cruelly betray
Without microchip or name tag I am just a dispensable stray
Once waggy-tailed, once proud, beloved and free
Oh Dad look with pain at what mankind's done to me!

Fireworks frighten animals

2012-10-22T12:23:00.001+01:00

Nowadays fireworks feature at all kind of celebration, not just bonfire night. Many people enjoy fireworks but many pets are frightened by them.
Do not ignore the problem, follow these simple tips or refer the problem to a professional animal behaviour counsellor if needed.

KEEPING CATS AND DOGS SAFE AND SECURE

During the fireworks season, at nightfall, close all windows and curtains and put on some music to mask and muffle the fireworks sounds.

If your dog or cat shows any sign of fear, try to ignore his/her behaviour unless there is imminent danger - for example, if he/she is likely to self-harm.

Never show anger to your dog or cat if she/he appears frightened - this will only convince your pet that there really is something to be afraid of!

Do not fuss over or try to reassure your pet when he/she is frightened.

Make sure your pet is kept in a safe and secure environment at all times, so that he/she can't bolt and escape in reaction to a sudden noise. If you have had your pet microchipped you will certainly improve the chances of a safe return if he/she does escape.

DOGS - BEFORE THE FIREWORKS START

A dog-appeasing pheromone diffuser that disperses calming chemicals into the room may be a good option. Your vet might even prescribe medication.

You can plan ahead a "doggy play area" in your house - choose one of the quieter rooms. Try to train your dog and let him associate the play area with a positive experience: play games with your dog in the play area, with a variety of toys. Put away toys when not in use so that your dog does not become bored with them.

Some dogs appreciate being able to withdraw when they are frightened, so the provision of a doggy den in the "doggy play area" may help them to cope. For example, this can be a wardrobe or a cupboard coved with his/her blanket.

WHEN THE FIREWORKS START

When the fireworks season begins, close any windows and black out the "doggy play area" to remove any additional problems caused by flashing lights.

Each evening before the fireworks begin, move your dog in the play area and provide toys and other things that she/he enjoys.

Do not leave the dog alone and set a good example: ignore the fireworks noise, play with a toy to see if he/she wants to join in, but don't force him/her to play.

You can also listen to some (classic) music together.

Do not walk your dog when the fireworks are about to begin.

CATS

If possible, keep your cat indoor when fireworks are likely to be set off - do not forget to lock the cat flap once he/she is indoors.

Make sure that your cat has somewhere to hide if she/he wants to - for example, under or on top of some furniture or inside a cupboard. Do not try to tempt him/her out, as this causes increased stress.

SMALL ANIMALS

If your pets live outside, partly cover cages, pens and aviaries with blankets so that one area is well sound-proofed. Make sure that your pet is still able to look out.

Provide lots of extra bedding for your pets so that they have something to burrow in.

Prof. Daniel Mills MRCVS, University of Lincoln

Your Pet and Anesthetics

2012-09-19T17:21:00.002+01:00

Modern day anesthetics allow veterinarians to perform a vast amount of sophisticated medical procedures and surgeries with negligible consequences. Anesthesia is used for 2 main purposes. The first is to minimize anxiety. This can be very significant in a scared animal that is brought into a strange surrounding when it is not feeling well. The second is to eliminate pain and relax the muscles for surgical or invasive procedures. The anesthesia we use has been adapted from human medicine. As a matter of fact, in most cases, we use the exact same anesthetic agents and equipment. The main piece of equipment we use is a machine that allows us to administer anesthetic as a gas. This is a very safe and effective way to administer anesthesia, and is especially important for us doctors that work on exotic animals. New and safe injectable anesthetics are used more and more in dog and cat medicine because they have less impact on the environment. Preanesthetic preparation is one of the keys to safety. This involves an examination, blood sampling, and the use of intravenous fluids for older or riskier patients. Age is no limit to anesthesia as long as proper preanesthetic precautions are taken. Some people have an inordinate fear of anesthesia because they heard of some animal dying or had a bad experience years ago. It is rare to almost non-existent for an animal to die from anesthesia when routine precautions are taken, so this fear is unnecessary. It is common to have this fear when a pet is anesthetized for teeth cleaning. Dental disease is the most overlooked and serious problem of animals that are presented to our hospital.

Anesthesia allows us to clean under the gumline with our ultrasonic scaler, care for infected or broken teeth, and polish the teeth to prevent the recurrence of gingivitis.

The risk of gingivitis and periodontal disease causing illness in your pet is magnitudes higher than the risk of anesthesia. We have substantial information on our web site regarding anesthesia and even dental diseases. Please follow these links: Anesthesia- http://www.lbah.com/anes.htm Dental Disease- http://www.lbah.com/dent.htm From the doctors at the Long Beach Animal Hospital

3816 E. Anaheim St. Long Beach, CA 90804 USA

Exotic Pets?

2012-09-19T17:19:00.003+01:00

Over the last 20 years it has been quite trendy to own some of the more unusual pets like birds and reptiles. Even though many of them make great pets, they are not as domesticated as dogs and cats. This leads to a significant amount of frustrating problems for their owners and us veterinarians. You have a responsibility to educate yourself on the needs of these animals

before you purchaseone of them. To think that you can take an animal from the wild and recreate a proper habitat for it in your house with little effort is sheer folly.

Many of these animals are exquisitely adapted to their particular niche and don't

do well when taken out of this environment.

If you are not going to make their care a highpriority in you life then you don't

belong owning one of them. In many cases the nutritional requirements are not

known. We have an idea of what they need to eat, and try to replicate the foods

they eat in the wild, but it is only an educated guess. Nature is verycomplicated,

and these nutritional needs are very specific. This is particularly important in reptiles

since they are dependent on their environment to a much greater degree than

most any other animal. Iguana's are probably the most common reptile presented to us, due mostly to their popularity and the medical problems that affect them. By the time an owner brings them in for medical care the disease process is well entrenched and difficult to correct. You can learn more about this Iguana disease by following this link on our web site: http://www.lbah.com/reptile/nshp.htm From the doctors at the Long Beach Animal Hospital WWW.LBAH.COM

3816 E. Anaheim St. Long Beach, CA 90804 USA

Does your pet have heartworm?

2012-09-19T17:16:00.002+01:00

With Spring soon upon us its time to start preparing for the upcoming heartworm season. Heartworm is caused by a parasite called dirofiliaria immitis. It is spread to dogs, and recently cats, by a mosquito. The mosquito is a necessary part of the life cycle. Traditionally this disease only occurred in hot and humid states that were essential to mosquito breeding. The disease occurs throughout our country now, although heatworm preventive medications have had a significant effect in lowering the incidence of heartworms.
Dogs and cats of any breed can be infected, although we tend to see it more in large male dogs. Since it takes at least 6 months from the time a mosquito injects microfilaria into a dog until these microfilaria become adult heartworms, puppies must be at least 6 months of age before adult heartworms are present. Most dogs are diagnosed at middle age.Many dogs do not have any symptoms until heart failure progresses. This emphasizes the need for yearly testing. Many products are available to prevent heartworm (some of them also treat intestinal worms so they can be of great value). These products are inexpensive, easy to use, and effective. They should not be used routinely unless your dog has a yearly heartworm test to make sure it is negative. Heartworm infestation can lead to heart failure. Treatment can be hard on a dog, so it is of utmost importance to plan on preventing the problem with the low cost and readily available medications used for prevention, as opposed to taking a chance and treating only if the problem occurs. We have detailed information on Heartworm Disease on our web site at www.lbah.com Follow the drop down menu to Heart Disease, and click on the Heartworm links. From the doctors at the Long Beach Animal Hospital

3816 E. Anaheim St. Long Beach, CA 90804 USA

Pet skin allergies

2012-09-19T17:14:00.000+01:00

Skin allergy, also know as atopy or allergic inhalant dermatitis, is the most common medical condition at our hospital. In most cases it becomes a lifetime problem that causes significant frustration for you and your pet. The most common causes are grasses, trees, and shrubs in the outdoors, and bed bugs, molds, and mites indoors. In addition to atopy, fleas are a significant cause of skin allergy, and even foods can be a source of the allergy problem. Many treatments are commonly used to minimize itching and scratching due to atopy: Avoidance - Minimizing exposure to grasses, trees, and shrubs when possible - High quality room purifiers in sleeping area Topicals - Water- Cool water baths soothe skin and rinse away allergens - Colloidal oatmeal shampoo and rinse - Antihistamines and anti-inflammatories spray on affected areas Dietary - Low allergen food- Hills Z/D, venison, potato, lamb - Essential fatty acids- EFA-Z or Derm Caps Immunotherapy - Allergy testing and allergy injections Cyclosporine - Anti-rejection medication that also has a powerful effect on itching Antihistamines - Decrease scratching with minimal side effects Antibiotics - Used for at least 3 weeks to control infection and decrease itching Glucocorticoids - Strong anti-itching properties and safe when used at low doses intermittently Our web site at WWW.LBAH.COM has detailed information on the cause, diagnosis, and treatment of this disease for your complete understanding. From the drop down menu on the home page click on the Allergy link, or go right to this page at:

http://www.lbah.com/allergy.htm From the doctors at the Long Beach Animal Hospital WWW.LBAH.COM

3816 E. Anaheim St. Long Beach, CA 90804 USA

Balanced Medical Approach

2012-09-19T17:11:00.002+01:00

In the last decade there have been great advances in the medical treatment of animals. We now have at our disposal drugs to treat chronic diseases that previously caused unnecessary discomfort and pain. In addition to these drugs, there have been significant advances in the treatment of animals using a more natural approach. This involves stimulating the body's own immune and nervous system. These advances now allow us to utilize a balanced approach to disease treatment and prevention, utilizing medications as needed, while simultaneously stimulating the body to heal itself. We are now able successfully manage chronic diseases involving the heart, thyroid, kidney, urinary bladder, liver, and musculoskeletal system. The natural approach utilizes diet and medications called nutraceuticals, along with compounds that occur naturally in our environment. A recent advance in the natural approach has been our ability to stimulate the nervous system to increase blood flow to diseased organs and correct imbalances that have been present for a significant period of time. A major advantage to this approach is the fact that no anesthesia, injections, or drugs are used. You can learn more about this in our VOM page at http://www.lbah.com/vom.htm From the doctors at the Long Beach Animal Hospital WWW.LBAH.COM

3816 E. Anaheim St. Long Beach, CA 90804 USA

How To Tell If Your Pet is Ill

2012-09-19T17:03:00.001+01:00

With the recent Menu Foods scare it might be a good time to review some of the symptoms pets show when they are ill with an internal disease. In some cases these symptoms are subtle and require careful observation on your part. Also, when a pet has multiple (and busy) owners it is easy to overlook the early signs of disease in pets. Some symptoms of internal disease are obvious, the primary ones being lack of appetite and persistent vomiting or diarrhea, along with lethargy and a strong odor. Lets look at some of the more subtle symptoms that might indicate an internal problem. A pet that does not eat its food as vigorously as it once did could indicate a problem anywhere from the mouth, to the brain, to the internal organs. Panting more than usual, even during the cooler time of the year, could indicate an internal hormone problem called Cushings disease or even discomfort or pain from arthritis or an internal organ problem. Laying around more often, or gravitating towards warm areas could indicate another hormone problem involving the thyroid gland. Any eye or nose discharge that is persistent, and drains from only one side could indicate a number of problems. Subtle behavior changes that include a lack of recognition when your pet greets you, changes in sleep patterns, circling around a table in your house, staring into space, or wandering into a wall could indicate anything from an old age problem to a problem with a brain tumor or central nervous system infection. A pet that drinks or urinates more than its usual amount is a potential symptom of many different problems. The same holds true if your pet experiences the opposite and drinks or urinates less. A significant change in the color of your pets stool, usually much darker or much lighter, is also a potential sign of many different problems. One of the best ways to watch for any of these symptoms is to measure or monitor your pets drinking and eating habits. Use your calendar and mark your parameters down periodically. You can even weigh your pet monthly and write things down each time you weigh your pet. Any change that becomes apparent is an indication for a physical exam by a veterinarian. Yearly Wellness exams that include a physical exam along with a fecal check for parasites and a routine blood panel go a long way towards identifying problems before they become well entrenched and difficult to treat. This is particularly true for our geriatric pets that commonly become ill but do not show any outward or apparent signs. Our Geriatric page athttp://www.lbah.com/senior.htm will give you detailed information about the common diseases of older pets.

From the doctors and staff at Long Beach Animal Hospital http://www.lbah.com

3816 E. Anaheim St. Long Beach, CA 90804 USA

Cushings Disease

2012-09-19T16:55:00.000+01:00

Cushings disease, technically called hyperadrenocorticism, is a hormone problem in which the adrenal glands produce to much cortisone. Even though it can appear in other animals, it is primarily a disease of middle aged and older dogs. The small size of the adrenal glands, located at the top of each kidney, does not do any justice to their importance in regulating many body functions. In this disease an excess of the hormone called cortisol is released into the bloodstream. This hormone circulates throughout the body and has a profound effect on many of the internal organs. In most cases the cause is a very slow growing tumor in the pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal glands to produce and excess of cortisol. In a much smaller number of cases the adrenal glands themselves ban have an benign or malignant tumor that causes the excess secretion of cortisol. Many of the symptoms of this disease are subtle, and can wax and wane. Things to watch for are excessive appetite or panting, drinking or urinating more than usual, a pot bellied appearance to the abdomen, or skin changes. A routine physical exam with a blood panel can give us an indication of this problem. Specialized hormone tests are needed for a definitive diagnosis. Sometimes we even perform an ultrasound to try to visualize the adrenal glands. Several different medications are used to treat the usual form of Cushings. Your doctor will tell you which one is appropriate in your pet's case. Surgery is not commonly utilized and can lead to post operative complications. To learn substantially more about this problem follow our link: http://www.lbah.com/canine/cushings.htm From the doctors and staff at Long Beach Animal Hospitalhttp://www.lbah.com

3816 E. Anaheim St. Long Beach, CA 90804 USA

Is 17-foot-long albino python UK’s longest pet?

2012-08-25T22:38:00.000+01:00

Pythons kill by coiling around their prey and suffocating it and have even been known to eat deer and alligators but, to the Rice family, their 5.2m (17ft) long snake called Lilly is the perfect companion and quite a conversation starter.

For Lilly is also reckoned to be Britain’s longest pet. But having a minor reptilian celebrity sharing their three-bedroom home comes with strings attached.

She needs a giant heated tank to sleep in and, when she’s sliding across the Rices’ garden, must be kept under constant supervision.

They don’t want to terrify their neighbours or have to pay compensation for ‘missing’ cats and dogs.

According to Kim Rice, 45, Lilly’s charms are there for all to see.

‘She has a wonderful personality and is very placid and is so laid back that children love her. Lilly is much less trouble to keep than my two dogs.

‘We can let her wonder around the garden, particularly on the grass on a hot day, which she loves.

‘But we do need to make sure she is watched at all times,’ added Mrs Rice from Guyhirn, Cambridgeshire. ‘If she wandered off she would give someone the fright of their lives.

‘We bought Lilly when she was a baby. She is seven years old now which means she is still growing. We think one day she will reach about 20ft long.’

At least the family aren’t being eaten out of house and home. Lilly needs just one rabbit every three weeks.

Chloe Rice, 16, has enrolled in an animal college to study reptile care. She hopes to become a head keeper at a zoo. ‘One day I hope I can care for more giant animals like her,’ she said.

World's Ugliest Dog Mugly set to star in TV documentary

2012-08-25T22:22:00.005+01:00

The World's Ugliest Dog: Mugly (Picture: AFP)

The eight-year-old Chinese crested dog beat 29 other peculiar-looking pets at the annual competition, held in California last week.

A triumphant Mugly has since returned to British soil, following his success across the pond, to promote his new documentary Mutt Ugly.

The former rescue dog attended a photo shoot on Thursday to promote the new show which will air on Channel 5 later this year.

It will follow Mugly on his American journey, beginning five days before he touched down in the US ahead of his triumphant victory.

Mugly is set to star in his own documentary (Picture: AFP)

Ahead of filming, a Channel 5 spokesman said: 'The World’s Ugliest Dog Contest proves there’s more to this year than the Olympics!

'We’ve no doubt dog lovers and viewers will love this fun documentary.'

Mugly faced stiff competition from hot favourite Handsome Hector for the coveted title, but impressed judges enough to grab the $1,000 (£641) prize and a year's worth of dog cookies.

Bella Mae: The Bulldog that survived 500 porcupine spikes to the face.

2012-08-25T22:08:00.002+01:00

Pictuer from: elitedaily.com

This 3 year old bulldog Bella Mae is recovering from a porcupine attack that happened to her a couple of days ago on August 2 in Oklahoma. She was in her owner's backyard when she stumbled upon a porcupine. The owners had another dog who was also attacked by the porcupine, but Bella Mae had the worst injuries. Now, what I'm not sure of is whether to feel anger towards the owners or not. It seems like a very irresponsible thing for an owner to do, especially because they already knew that wild animals were going to their backyard pool for water because of the summer heat. I believe that if they knew about this, they should have taken better precautions when letting their dogs roam the backyard, at least keep an eye on them. With that being said, here's the news report video for you guys to see for yourselves. What do you think about this? Do you think the owners have the fault?

Does my pet need lumpectomy for that small mass he/she has in the skin?

2012-08-23T12:17:00.002+01:00

In Small Animal Practice is frequent to visit pets for masses in the skin.

It is very important to check your pet's skin regularly and ask the Vet to examine any new lumps or bumps that are changing in size and shape.

Skin masses are various, different and can be found in every part of the body. Sometimes you can identify small pedunculate "skin tag" that should not arise suspicion; other times you can involuntarily find out cutaneous lumps (within the skin) that can be revealed as simple fat deposit. Lumps may be also found in the subcutaneous tissue or within muscles or bones.

Lumps can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Both can be found in every part of the skin and the decision to perform a lumpectomy (surgical removal) depends on the nature of the mass, discomfort that the mass can cause to your pet, results of tests and owner's consent.

Before surgery a few tests are recommended:

1) Complete blood test and urinalysis: help assessing your pet's general health before anaesthesia; it also provides clues about possible tumour spread to other organs;

2) Fine-needle aspiration: is a simple and painless procedure that allows to aspirate a tiny sample of cells from the lump and examine it under a microscope; it can be easily done by your Vet and the result is almost immediately available;

3) Biopsy: when a larger sample is needed to identify the exact nature of the pathologic tissue. A biopsy is usually sent to an external lab for additional testing and results are available in a few days;

4) Radiographs (X-rays): if the mass is suspected to be malignant, abdominal and chest X-rays might help indicate if the tumour has spread within the body (metastasis);

5) Advanced imaging: Ultrasound, CT (Computer Tomography) or MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) may be recommended to explore the extend of the mass to prepare for surgery or to check for signs of tumour metastasis.

A lumpectomy is the surgical removal of a mass from the skin (or other tissues). The number, appearance, size, growing rate and general health can drive the Vet in the decision making process. If a mass is suspected to be benign, a couple of reasons are valid to proceed with surgery: discomfort that the mass is causing to your pet and owner's consent. If a mass is suspected to be malignant, there are no reason not to proceed with surgery but the owner's compliance.

A lumpectomy is performed under general anaesthesia, all the rules of asepsis must be respected and a preventative antibiotic treatment and painkiller is given. Usually a 2 cm margin is removed together with the mass and the skin is reconstructed with stitches that can be removed after about 10 days. The cicatrix left depends on the size, location and reconstruction technique used but often wounds heal pretty well. Be sure to check the area daily for abnormalities such as swelling, bleeding or discharge. When the Surgeon decides to stitch a drainage under the wound, it should be taken out in 3 days. The drainage will allow the wound to heal better and the discharge to be drained outside and let the wound breathe.

The post-operative treatment is based on antibiotics and painkiller/anti-inflammatory for 5 or more days. Part of the post-operative treatment is also the Elizabethan collar that prevents licking or scratching of the area, so complications and infections. The collar should be taken for 10 days until the Vet takes out the stitches.

The prognosis for your pet will depend on the results of all tests your Vet has performed. The biopsy result can show a benign mass; in this case no further tests are needed. However in some cases, the biopsy can identify a malignant tumour and further tests must be performed in order to rule out metastasis in other organs. In this case, regularly checking your pet for other masses in the skin can represent an important factor since prompt intervention can improve a pet's prognosis.

Monica Giarrizzo

Managing diabetes pets is not such a big deal! Tips for pets and owners by Monica Giarrizzo

2012-08-18T13:31:00.000+01:00

Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine disease characterized by low levels of glucose in the liver and high levels of glucose in the blood. It caused by the lack of production of insulin from the pancreas.

Caring a diabetic cat or dog could seem a formidable job, difficult to deal with, a challenge or sometimes an unwelcome commitment if you are not aware of some simple rules that can make life easier for the owner and his pet.

First of all, let’s try to recognize the condition and know the symptoms since “the quicker the diabetes is controlled, the more likely remission will occur”.

The 4 most important symptoms are listed below: “Learn how to recognize them!”

Starving, drinking and urinating in the face of plenty! Polyphagia (PP), polydipsya (PD) and polyuria (PU) respectively.
Weight loss

Once you recognize them and a treatment is planned, your pet has the possibility to achieve remission.

Cataract is developed in the majority of dogs and cats and neuropathies (such as difficulty climbing stairs or a plantigrade stance) are common in cats.

If the diabetes is moderate to severe and it is causing problems to other organs, your pet has less possibility to achieve a remission.

But DO NOT FORGET! Diabetes can be taken under control and your pet can live a normal life.

The Veterinarian and the Nurse will explain you the disease and its treatment and it is important that you deeply understand them.

The treatment is based on subcutaneous injections of insulin. Depending on the type of insulin the therapy should be administered SID (once daily) or BID (every 12 hours) always at the same time.

The first aim of the treatment is the “STABILIZATION”

You and your Vet need to decide 3 things:

What we are aiming for? --> Stability
How we are going to get there? --> Routine
How we are going to stay there? --> Monitoring

Stability:

for the Vet is the achievement of the right level of glucose in the blood (between 5 and 10 mmol/L;
for the Owner is the understanding of the disease and the achievement of remission of clinical signs (PP, PU, PD and Weight loss)

3 important TIPS at this stage: diet, insulin and exercise .

“Keeping your pet healthy allows the insulin works”

Routine: “the daily routine”

Insulin treatment of a diabetic pet is LIFELONG.

For this reason, many Owners are compliant because the therapy is subcutaneous and not oral, or they do not know how to administer the drug, or they are not sure to be able to keep the commitment, or just they do not believe it is going to work. REMEMBER: this is the reason why you will hear Vets and Nurses talking about “What we can do” rather than “What we should do” because you will be the protagonist and with their support “you are going to make your pet better!”

TIP 1: don’t be a chicken and face up the situation! Your pet needs you and the veterinary team supports you with advices, flexibility, availability and effective use of the consulting time. “The Vet can give you the right syringe to use and can show you how to inject your pet. You will perform the fist injection in front of him!” Even kids can learn it!

TIP 2: Make giving insulin part of a pleasant experience for you pet (and for you!) because you will do it every day for long time, your pet cannot miss its daily dose, he/she cannot decide “I do not want it” and sometimes it could be difficult to keep them quite even just for a few seconds if they know that “It is injection time!”

SINCE THE VERY FIRST DAY, you should let the pet associate the injection with something pleasant to them. For a dog it could be a treat, a toy or the lead “Ready to go out?”, for a cat it could be some humid delicious food or the door, “ready to be open for a trip outside!”. They will have the pleasant treat immediately after the small injection. Some of you might find easier to inject them while eating, others have to call their pet on a chair or on a table to get their attention. Whatever the method you are going to choose, make it a nice routine and half of the job is already done!

TIP 3: The owner of a diabetic cat in heathy general condition, stable, non-ketotic with a good body weight and no other complicated diseases can ask the Vet to prescribe an oral agent called Glipizide. Please, discuss the possibility of success with your Vet.

Another chapter of the “Routine” is the DIET. You will be explained that the diet is one of the 3 most important components of the therapy and it must be changed according to the needs of a diabetic pet. They will give you the right advices!

To sum up, the diet must be low in carbohydrates and high in proteins. Canned food is preferred since dry food always contain high percentage of carbohydrates.

Discuss with your Vet the best diet for your pet and establish a plan for it as well: amount, time and type of food, making it part of the routine.

Your routine will include some EXERCISE for your pet as well, but if you think about it, it is already part of your routine and you should just adjust it in order to get a more successful therapy.

Monitoring: one of the crucial part of judging the appropriateness of a dose.

The BLOOD GLUCOSE CURVE: “the unknown mathematical and engineering complicated task that the owner is asked to do”. (Ironically!)

The blood glucose curve consists in the constant measurement of the level of glucose in the blood through the glucometer. It basically is a small nice instrument used in human medicine to measure the glucose in diabetic patients. With a special pen you sting a part of the skin (usually ear) of your pet and make it bleeding a bit. A very small amount of blood is needed for the strip of the glucometer and the result is immediately available. Your Vet will suggest you to learn how to do it or come to the practice to do it weekly (at the beginning) or monthly (when stability to achieved).

The importance of the blood glucose curve is that it will show the effectiveness of the treatment. Hyperglycemia (glucose > 10 mmol/L) is often detected and it is due to low dose of insulin; your Vet will be then able to prescribe you a higher dose in order to keep under control the disease and its clinical signs. Hypoglycemia (glucose < 5 mmol/L) is due to high dose of insulin; it is the most important to be detected in order to prevent its clinical signs: syncope or seizures.

Your Vet and you will reach the stabilization and full monitoring when he finds the right dosage of insulin and you no longer see any PP, PU, PD and weight loss.

TIP 1: YOU DO NOT NEED TO DRAW ANY CHART OR DO ANYTHING CHALLENGING!

Organize a block-notes for your pet with 4 main points for each day: date, time, level of glucose and symptoms.

Eg: 16 Aug 2012 09:00 am 11 mmol/L NO PP, YES PU, YES PD, NO Weight loss.

TIP 2: when you perform a glucose curve normal routine must be maintained. Even the stressful experience of been stung should became part of a pleasant moment. For example, choosing a special (proteinic) treat for the sting experience and the lead “ready to go out” for the insulin injection can make it works. Keep doing it everyday and do not give up because it becomes part of your routine very easily!

Feline diabetes mellitus by Claudia Reusch

2012-08-18T13:08:00.001+01:00

Diabetes mellitus is a common endocrinopathy in cats.

The incidence of the disease is increasing, most likely due to an increase in the occurrence of risk factors, such as obesity, physical inactivity, old age, male gender, being neutered, glucocorticoid and progestin administration.

The most important risk factor is obesity and it has been shown that obese cats are 4 times more likely to develop diabetes than optimal weight cats.

It is important to note that although obesity induces insulin resistance not all obese cats develop diabetes.

Diabetes typically occurs in middle-aged to old cats. There is a strong sex predilection since approximately 70% of diabetic cats are male. Approximately 60% of diabetic cats are overweight, 35% are normal weight and 5% underweight.

Most diabetic cats show the classical signs of diabetes, namely PU/PD (polyuria, polydipsia),

polyphagia and weight loss.

About 10% of diabetic cats have overt signs of diabetic neuropathy, manifested as hindlimb weakness, decreased ability to jump and plantigrade posture. Lethargy and a dry, unkempt haircoat are often present, whilst physical examination may reveal hepatomegaly.

Cats with complicated diabetes (diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar non-ketotic syndrome) present with lethargy, anorexia, reduced water intake and vomiting.

Diabetes is diagnosed on the basis of clinical symptoms, persistent hyperglycemia and glucosuria and fructosamine blood concentration, rather than glucose, as it reflects the mean blood glucose concentration of the preceding 1-2 weeks.

Any concurrent disease may worsen insulin resistance and will hinder treatment success. In some cases bacterial urinary tract infection is present and pancreatitis is frequently associated with diabetes.

EUTHANASIA... Time to say goodbye

2011-05-19T19:22:00.000+01:00

The life expectancy of a pet is generally much longer than that of a wild animal. Breed also has a significant influence on lifespan. At some stage it may become obvious that your pet's life is drawing to a close. It is then that you will face a painful and difficult decision on whether your pet should be taken to the vet to be put gently and painlessly to sleep.

When is euthanasia necessary?

Euthanasia (often called 'putting to sleep') is the term used by vets for the process of preventing the suffering of an animal that is too old or sick to have a happy and fulfilled life. It is never an easy decision and many owners understandably delay making it for as long as possible. Pain is not the only form of suffering, quality of life is important too and there are a number of situations in which euthanasia is the kindest thing to do for your cat.

Consider euthanasia if your pet is:

• Suffering untreatable pain.

• No longer able to eat or drink normally.

• Unable to breathe properly because their lungs and heart are diseased.

• No longer empty its bowels or bladder without pain or they are incontinent.

• Unable to stand or move normally.

• So blind, deaf or aged that it cannot cope with everyday living.

• Or if the emotional or financial demands of caring for your pet are more than you can manage.

What will happen?

Your vet may shave the fur from a patch of skin on one of your pet's front legs and insert a needle into a vein. Your pet will them give an overdose of a drug (similar to an anaesthetic). This will make your pet lose consciousness (and they will no longer be able to feel pain or fear). Your pet will be asleep in a very short time (usually a matter of seconds). Breathing and heart beat will stop a few seconds later. If your pet is fearful or aggressive it will often be given a sedative before the fatal injection is given.

Will my pet suffer?

The process is completely painless. In its last moments your cat may give a gasp. Your pet is asleep and the sound is caused by a spasm of muscles that is perfectly normal. Other muscles in your pet's body may also twitch and, as its body relaxes, your pet may empty his bowels or bladder.

Should I be there at the end?

Discuss in advance with your vet whether you wish to be with your pet when it is put to sleep. It may be less stressful for your pet to be held in your arms and to be able to hear a familiar voice. You may be comforted by knowing that your old friend suffered no pain and met a peaceful end. However, if you are frightened or anxious your pet may sense this and may also become upset.

Can my pet be put to sleep at home?

Vets usually prefer to see their patients at the clinic where all the equipment and trained staff they need is close at hand. But euthanasia is a special situation for both the vet and yourself and, if you want to have your animal put to sleep in its own home then most vets will do this.

When is the right time for euthanasia?

It is you who must decide whether, or when, euthanasia is the right thing for your pet. Your vet will be able to advise you on what the options are and make a sensible recommendation but will not make the decision for you. It is rare that a decision has to be made on the spur of the moment, so it is much better to make your choice after talking it over with your vet and with other members of your family. It is important that all members of the family are involved in the decision-making process and that they are all in agreement. Do not exclude children from this - talking with them before the decision has been made may help them to come to terms with it.

How will I feel?

It is perfectly natural to feel grief after losing a pet and there is no shame in feeling strong emotions. Sometimes the first response to a pet's death is anger or guilt. Often people wonder whether anyone could have done more for their pet. The depth of friendship with pets may be greater than that of many human friends and a period of mourning is quite normal. However, people experience grief in different ways and there are no hard and fast rules about what you will feel. It may help to have someone to take you home after your pet has been put to sleep so that you do not have to return to an empty house. Talking to friends and family is important, especially your children (if you have any).

How will my children cope?

Losing a pet is often the first time that a child becomes aware of death. It is usually best to be honest with a child and explain the truth as clearly as you can. Children may want time to say goodbye to their pet and seeing the dead body may help them understand what has happened. It can be very therapeutic to mark the occasion with some kind of memorial such as a burial. Talking about the happy times you shared will often help them and you to come to terms with the change in your lives. Children frequently get over the loss of a pet much more quickly than do adults.

What happens to my pet's body?

Your vet will explain what can be done with the body of your pet. They can arrange for your cat to be cremated, or you may choose to bury the body yourself. If you want to bury your pet in your garden check first with your local authority that this is allowed and make sure that the body is buried at least 2 feet (about 600 mm) below the surface. If your pet is cremated it is usually possible for your vet to arrange for you to have its ashes returned, but you must inform them of your wishes at the time of euthanasia.

Should I get another pet?

After the experience of losing a pet some people say they never want to own another pet. However, many others find that getting another pet helps them deal with their grief. The relationship you build with another pet will never be the same as the one you had, but it can be equally rewarding.

Il Papillomavirus orale: cause, sintomi e cure

2011-05-19T18:55:00.000+01:00

Malattia più comune di quanto si pensi, quella del papilloma orale nei cani è causato dal virus del papillomavirus canino (COPV). Il cane affetto da tale malattia di norma presenta sulla lingua e soprattutto sulle labbra dei noduli più o meno piccoli, dal caratteristico colore bianco tendente sul grigiastro con tanto di protuberanze. Il nodulo a tutta prima ricorda un piccolo cavolfiore.

Neoplasie benigne, queste tendono rapidamente a riassorbirsi e scomparire in maniera autonoma, in un tempo che normalmente varia dai cinque ai sei mesi. Ciò non toglie che in alcuni, seppure rarissimi casi il papilloma si trasformi da benigno a maligno. E’ per questo che si consiglia di tenere sotto controllo il cane affetto da questa patologia onde evitare che il male degeneri.

La papillomatosi può presentarsi in tre possibili forme differenti:
• la forma orale (la più frequente);
• la forma oculare;
• la forma cutanea.

La malattia si riscontra con maggiore frequenza nei cani giovani; si stima che i cani più soggetti a papillomatosi siano quelli che ancora non abbiano raggiunto i tre anni di vita, ciò non toglie che anche un cane adulto o addirittura anziano possa riscontrare i chiari sintomi della patologia. La possibilità di contrarre il male in questi ultimi aumenta notevolmente se in contatto con cani giovani visto che si tratta sostanzialmente di un’infezione di natura virale, fortemente contagiosa.
Il contagio avviene molto rapidamente, e si dimostra sufficiente il contatto diretto fra i papillomi del cane ammalato con le mucose di quello sano che sono ancora più in pericolo nel caso in cui queste presentino delle piccole abrasioni o ferite anche superficiali. E’ proprio li che il virus avrà cura di inocularsi diffondendosi di li a breve.
D’altronde riscontrare immediatamente la malattia è davvero difficile dato che dopo il contagio questa resta in incubazione per un periodo discretamente lungo che può variare fra i 30 e 60 giorni. L’incubazione si dimostrerà più duratura nei cani con ottimo sistema immunitario, che alla fine è costretto a cedere. E’ ancora il sistema immunitario che consente un naturale riassorbimento dei papillomi. Nel caso in cui questo non avvenga e il sistema immunitario non reagisca positivamente, col passare del tempo non solo i papillomi non spariranno, ma aumenteranno in volume e numero.

Quando questi vengono contagiati anche alla lingua del cane, la difficoltà di alimentazione aumenta gradualmente.
La dimensione e il numero dei papillomi dipende esclusivamente dalla rapidità con la quale il proprietario si sia accorto della malattia ed abbia portato il fedele amico a quattro zampe dal veterinario.
Nei casi più fastidiosi e difficili il veterinario potrà intervenire o chirurgicamente o con diverse altre metodiche. Nel caso di papilloma di grandi dimensioni, facilmente raggiungibile e ben localizzato, ma soprattutto singolo è probabile che il veterinario proceda con applicazioni topiche: si opterà dunque per pomate, gocce o unguenti tutti a base di sostanze che disgregando la cheratina permettono una facile eliminazione del papilloma.
Diverso il caso di papillomi piccoli e numerosi, che pure con il trascorrere del tempo non hanno dato cenno di voler migliorare. In questo caso si dovrà optare per attacchi tramite chemioterapia sistemica e tramite farmaci antineoplastici, che manco a dirlo, sarà il medico veterinario a dover prescrivere.

Quest’ultima cura si dimostra consigliata comunque ai proprietari che dispongono di molto tempo da dedicare al proprio animale. In caso contrario la soluzione chirurgica si dimostrerà sicuramente quella ideale. In alcuni casi anche la crioterapia si è dimostrata efficace. Attraverso l’applicazione di piccole sonde sul papilloma le cellule della zona verranno congelate e il virus contenuto in esse eliminato. Sembra addirittura che questa tecnica stimoli il sistema immunitario dell’amico a quattro zampe rendendolo più forte per eventuali nuovi attacchi da parte del virus.

fonti:cacciapassione.com

A rischio salute cani, ogni razza ha la sua malattia

2011-04-28T18:32:00.000+01:00

Boxer e golden retriever colpiti da cancro, traumi per chihuahua e pechinesi

ROMA - Cane che hai, problemi che incontri. A seconda della razza, della taglia e dell'eta' cambiano infatti le malattie che colpiscono questo animale con piu' frequenza. Di cancro si ammalano di piu' boxer e golden retriever, mentre barboncini e chihuahua sono piu' suscettibili ai traumi.

A rilevarlo, confermando statisticamente quello che molti veterinari e amanti dei cani sanno per esperienza, e' uno studio in cui sono stati raccolti dati sulle morti di 74mila cani tra il 1984 e il 2004 dal database di medicina veterinaria, il registro presso del National Cancer Institute che riceve segnalazioni da 27 ospedali universitari veterinari Usa.

La ricerca, pubblicata sul 'Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine', ha riscontrato ad esempio che i golden retriever e i boxer hanno il piu' alto tasso di cancro, la causa principale di morte tra i cani adulti, mentre le razze di taglia piu' piccola, come pechinesi e pomeranian, sono piu' longeve ma muoiono di piu' di traumi. Le malattie del sistema nervoso sono fatali invece per i cani piu' anziani, mentre le patologie gastrointestinali colpiscono in maniera uniforme i cani di tutte le eta'.

Le differenze ci sono anche a seconda della taglia e dell'eta'. Ad esempio le malattie del sistema muscolo-scheletrico sono piu' frequenti nei cani piu' grandi, che soffrono meno invece di disturbi neurologici ed endocrini, mentre i cani giovani sono piu' colpiti dalle infezioni. ''Si tratta di dati - commenta Claudio M. Rossi, direttore del Presidio veterinario del canile sanitario dell'asl di Milano - noti a livello di esperienza, confermati ora anche a livello statistico.

Vi sono delle razze piu' delicate di altre, come ad esempio i brachicefali, che per il loro muso schiacciato, selezionato per motivi estetici, hanno piu' problemi respiratori''. Certo e' che, come per gli uomini, anche per i nostri amici a quattro zampe oggi e' possibile diagnosticare malattie di cui fino a poco tempo era difficile avere una conferma scientifica, ''come ad esempio le patologie neurologiche - continua Rossi - e i problemi della colonna vertebrale, quali ernie e discopatie, per cui oggi si possono usare tac e risonanza''.

Senza contare i problemi legati all'invecchiamento. ''Anche i cani oggi vivono di piu' - conclude il veterinario - L'eta' media e' salita da 10 a 13-15 anni, con differenze a seconda della taglia. I cani piu' piccoli arrivano a 15 anni, mentre un pastore tedesco e' difficile che superi i 12 anni e un boxer gli 8-10 anni. Ma con l'aumento dell'eta' c'e' stata anche una crescita delle diagnosi di cancro, nonche' di piccoli ictus e problemi di tipo cognitivo''.

Fonti: ansa.it

Con la freccia di balestra conficcata nel capo

2011-04-28T18:27:00.000+01:00

Polizia Provinciale salva un Germano Reale.

di Marcella Porpora | 28 aprile 2011

GEAPRESS – Un macabro gioco al bersaglio o, più semplicemente, un atto di bracconaggio quello che ha visto coinvolto un maschio di Germano Reale. Il volatile da circa un mese era stato notato nel torrente Cantarena, nel Comune di Arenzano (GE). Ma non tutti, evidentemente, ne hanno apprezzato la bellezza e rispettato la sua pacifica presenza.
Ignoti hanno, infatti, colpito l’animale con una balestra. La freccia, si è conficcata nel capo e solo per pochi millimetri non ha colpito organi vitali.
Già da alcune settimane la cosa era stata segnalata da cittadini allarmati nel vedere l’anatra selvatica con quel dardo sulla testa. Le stesse associazioni di protezione della fauna intervenute, però, non erano riuscite a prendere il volatile che, giustamente, era estremamente diffidente nei confronti dell’uomo.
Infine, il difficile recupero è stato realizzato dalla Polizia Provinciale di Genova del Commissariato ponente. Gli agenti hanno collocato una rete barriera sotto l’arcata del ponte che divide il tratto coperto del torrente da quello libero. Hanno, quindi, catturato l’animale con l’uso di guadini da pescatore, dopo averlo pian piano indirizzato verso il tratto schermato del corso d’acqua da cui il Germano Reale non poteva più involarsi velocemente.
Il Germano Reale è stato affidato alle cure dei veterinari di Animal Assistance e dell’ ENPA di Genova, che dovranno estrarre il dardo e occuparsi del recupero dell’animale.
La balestra è un mezzo illegale di caccia, eppure dai cinghiali (vedi articolo GeaPress) ai cani (vedi articolo GeaPress) sono numerosi i casi di animali colpiti dal suo micidiale dardo. (GEAPRESS – Riproduzione vietata senza citare la fonte).

Microchipping

2011-04-20T09:45:00.001+01:00

BackHome - The most effective way to address your pet's security

Lets face it, its impossible to keep track of your pets every minute of the day and night. As a caring owner you'll know what a worry the prospect of them disappearing can be. No matter how careful you are, there is always the chance that your pet will go astray. And when you're away with your pet in unfamiliar surroundings it's all too easy to become separated.

You know how worrying such occasions are, but what can you do about it?

The trouble is you can't always rely on collars to bring your pet back. They can break or become detached and owner and address details can become illegible. As a result it may be impossible to trace ownership back to you when your pet is found and taken to the police, dog warden or other authorities.

Sadly pets which haven't been reunited with their owners are often put to sleep because animal rescue organisations whose accommodation is already at bursting point. So what's the answer

It's time to inject a little technology.

BackHome is simple, neat and effective. A tiny microchip the size of a grain of rice is injected under your pet's skin. This microchip carries a code unique to you and your pet. This code is entered onto a national computer database and appears on a certificate of identification issued to you.

When a special scanner is passed over your pet the BackHome chip responds by transmitting its unique code to the scanner. It's as easy as using a supermarket bar-code reader. The operator can read the code on the scanner's display and then refer to the national database to identify your name, address and phone number so that you and your pet can be reunited.

These microchip scanners are in routine use by veterinarians and municipal dog wardens all over the UK. It's the same with pet rescue and animal welfare organisations like the RSPCA and SSPCA and the Cats Protection League. Therefore whenever your pet is found, it is likely somebody will read his/her BackHome microchip.

Once this is done, the national database can be accessed rapidly by phone any time of the day and night.. So as soon as your pet's identity is discovered, the process of getting your pet BackHome can begin.

A small price to pay for a greater peace of mind.

Each pet requires a single BackHome microchip. The process is completely safe and causes no more discomfort than other injections. Pets of all sizes from small birds, exotics and fish to large dogs and horses can be chipped. In the case of dogs and cats the preferred location is the scruff of the neck.

BackHome is inexpensive and the one-of-payment includes lifetime registration on the national database as well as all documentation. It is a security measure which literally lasts for life. BackHome microchipping represents excellent value for money and peace of mind.

How to get your pet microchipped with BackHome

When you next visit your veterinary practice, whatever the reason, simply ask about BackHome. It's likely it can be done at the same visit. The second vaccination of young pets is the ideal time to have them 'chipped'. That way they're literally covered for life.

Fonte: any-uk-vet.co.uk westside vet clinic

Feeding your dog

2011-04-20T09:37:00.000+01:00

Although most pet dogs are now fed entirely on tinned or packaged food, their nutritional requirements are exactly the same as their ancestors' centuries ago. So to stay healthy, a domestic dog must receive a balanced diet containing all the nutrients that would be found in its natural diet. Dogs are adapted to eating a wide variety of food and can survive happily on an almost vegetarian diet which would make a cat very ill.

What makes up a balanced diet?

Your dog needs a balance of nutrients in his diet. The main parts of the diet will be protein (meat) and carbohydrates (dog biscuit). Protein is used to build the body tissues and carbohydrates provide energy. Animal fat is important both as an energy source and because it contains essential vitamins like vitamin A. Fat also gives flavour and texture to the food. There are many other essential ingredients of the diet such as vitamins and minerals. Most of these ingredients are either naturally present in, or added to, commercially prepared dog foods. In the wild, a dog would have a varied diet and be eating the whole animal (not just the meat) so a diet of lean steak will not give your dog everything he needs.

What is the best diet for my dog?

There are a wide range of commercially prepared foods to suit your dog's needs. However, if you see an unfamiliar brand in the shops, be cautious, especially if it is one of the cheaper foods. As in all things quality comes at a price, and a cheaper brand will often contain inferior ingredients. The well known brands are usually formulated to give your dog everything it needs. Your vet or veterinary nurse will be able to give you impartial and well-informed advice on feeding your pet.

How much should I feed my dog?

Dogs come in many shapes and sizes and have very different feeding requirements. Obviously smaller dogs tend to eat less than bigger ones and dogs which take a lot of exercise will need more food than 'couch potatoes'. Some dogs do not have good appetites and other breeds, such as the Labrador, are notoriously greedy. Every dog is an individual and any feeding recommendations are only a guide. Your dog may even need different kinds of food at different stage of its life. There are several stages during a dog's life when its food needs are greatly different from normal. These include:

• Pregnancy

• Growing dogs

• Old age

When do dogs need special diets?

• Pregnancy - A pregnant bitch (mother dog) needs to eat more food to support her unborn puppies. During the final stages of pregnancy a bitch may need to eat twice as much food as normal. However, the pressure of the growing puppies in her belly may stop her eating large meals. You may need to feed her more frequently or get a high-energy diet for pregnant bitches (your vet will be able to advise you on this). When your bitch is producing milk for her puppies (lactation) her appetite may increase even further.

• Puppyhood - During their first few months puppies grow exceptionally fast. This puts a big strain on the bitch and the puppies should be weaned on to solid food as soon as possible. Try giving some solid food at three weeks and gradually giving more until they eat only solid food at about eight weeks old. The first food should be soft and easily digestible so dry food should be soaked in water or puppy milk. A puppy's stomach is small so it cannot eat large volumes in one go. A puppy should be fed about five times a day at eight weeks and the frequency of meals can be gradually reduced to two a day when it reaches six months old. Your vet may recommend putting your puppy on a specially formulated high-energy diet to make sure that it gets a properly balanced diet for growth.

• Old age - Older dogs often becomes less active and may use up less energy - be careful about reducing its food intake too much. Older dogs are not as good at digesting their food so they may need to eat more food to get all the nutrients they need. There are conveniently prepared special diets available for the older dog which can be obtained from your vet.

Is obesity a problem in dogs?

If large quantities of tasty food are always available many dogs will overeat and particularly older, neutered dogs that spend most of their time indoors are most susceptible to putting on too much weight. Weigh your dog regularly to make sure he is not gaining or losing weight and adjust the amount you feed him if necessary. If your dog needs to lose weight your vet will be able to recommend a special low calorie diet. Feeding time is often the highlight of a dog's day and so a good balanced diet is the key to a happy healthy pet.

Fonte: any-uk-vet.co.uk westside vet clinic

Feeding your cat

2011-04-20T09:31:00.001+01:00

The modern domestic 'moggie' is descended from wild cats that hunted for their living in the desert regions of North Africa and the Middle East. Although most pet cats are now fed entirely on tinned or packaged food, their nutritional requirements are exactly the same as their ancestors' centuries ago. So to stay healthy, a domestic cat must receive a balanced diet containing all the nutrients that would be found in the natural diet of a hunting cat.

What is so special about a cat's diet?

Cats differ from dogs and many other animals in being completely dependent on meat. Dogs can survive happily on an almost vegetarian diet that would make your cat very ill. A cat needs a high protein diet with components that are only found in animal tissue. Two of the building blocks of proteins the amino acids taurine and arginine, are rarely found in plant material. Your cat cannot manufacture its own taurine or arginine and has to get them from animal tissue. Your cat also needs vitamin A and a compound called arachidonic acid that can only be found in meat.

What makes up a balanced diet?

Your cat also needs a balance of other nutrients. Many of these are found in tissues forming part of the natural diet like bone and skin, so a diet of lean steak will not give your cat everything it needs. Most of these ingredients are either present in, or added to, commercially prepared cat foods. Animal fat is important both as an energy source and because it contains essential vitamins like vitamin A. Fat also gives flavour and texture to the food. The carbohydrates used for energy by humans and other animals are less important for cats because they use proteins for the same purpose. Indeed, a diet containing too much carbohydrate is likely to give a cat an upset stomach.

Is milk necessary for good health?

It is a myth that cats need to be given milk. Milk is certainly a good source of calcium for building bones but calcium is usually found in sufficient quantities in commercially prepared pet foods. As kittens are weaned they lose the ability to digest lactose, a sugar found in cow's milk. Too much milk may therefore give an adult cat diarrhoea. Water is the best thing for your cat to drink. As the cat is still, at heart, a desert animal it can survive on less water than many other animals. But it does need a regular supply of clean fresh water, particularly if it is being fed dried food. Canned food is three quarters water so cats fed on a moist diet may not be seen drinking.

What if my cat loses its appetite?

Anyone who has ever looked after a cat will know that they are very particular about their food. They all have individual preferences about which types of food they enjoy - cats often seem to enjoy a varied diet but will starve themselves rather than eat a food they do not like. Ill health or anxiety can also put a cat off its food.

It may be possible to persuade a cat to eat by warming up the food to about 35°C, the temperature of freshly killed live prey (another option is to feed a powerful smelling and tasty food such as tinned fish or oxtail soup). Uneaten moist or canned food should be removed after about 20 minutes as stale food smells will reduce a cat's appetite even further. If your cat turns its nose up at an unfamiliar food there may be a good reason, cats appear to know instinctively when a food is lacking in essential nutrients.

Is obesity a problem in cats?

Generally cats are able to regulate the amount of food they eat and it is uncommon for them to become too fat (obese). However, if large quantities of tasty food are always available they may start to overeat and older, neutered cats that spend most of their time indoors are most susceptible. Weigh your cat regularly to make sure it is not gaining or losing weight and adjust the amount of food accordingly.

To weigh your cat first get onto the scales yourself and record your weight, then pick up your cat and record the weight of both of you, finally deduct your weight from the second reading to find how much your cat weighs. Alternatively cats can be weighed in a carrying basket but remember to allow for the weight of the basket when calculating its weight. If your cat needs to lose weight your vet will be able to recommend a special low calorie diet but do not attempt to put your cat on a 'crash diet' as this could be very damaging to its health.

Do all cats need the same food?

There are several stages during your cat's life when its food needs are greatly different from normal. These include:

• Pregnancy - A pregnant cat will need much larger amounts of food to support its unborn kittens. During the final stages of pregnancy the queen (mother cat) may need double her normal quantity of food. However the pressure of the growing kittens in her belly may restrict her ability to eat large meals. Feed your cat more frequently or get a high energy diet especially formulated for pregnant cats. Your vet will be able to advise you on this. When your queen is producing milk for her kittens (lactation) her nutritional requirements may increase even further.

• Kittenhood - During their first few months kittens will grow exceptionally fast. This puts a big strain on the mother cat and the kittens should be weaned on to solid food as soon as possible. Try giving some solid food at three weeks and gradually giving more until they eat only solid food at about eight weeks old. The first food should be soft and easily digestible so dry food should be soaked in water or kitten milk. A kitten's stomach is small so it cannot eat large volumes in one go. A kitten should be fed about five times a day at eight weeks and the frequency of meals can be gradually reduced to two a day when it reaches six months old. Your vet may recommend putting your kitten on a specially formulated high energy diet to guarantee that it gets the right balance of nutrients needed for growth.

• Old age - As a cat becomes less active with age it may use up less energy but be careful about reducing its food intake too much. Older cats are also less efficient at digesting their food so they may need to eat relatively more food to absorb all the nutrients they need. There are conveniently prepared special diets available for the older cat that can be obtained from your vet.

What is the best diet for my cat?

There is a wide range of commercially prepared foods to suit your cat's needs. However, if you see an unfamiliar brand in the shops, be cautious, especially if it is one of the cheaper foods. As in all things quality comes at a price, and a cheaper brand will often contain inferior ingredients. The well known brands are usually formulated to give your cat everything it needs and have been tested to prove that they will be enjoyed by most cats. Your vet or veterinary nurse will be able to give you impartial and well-informed advice on feeding your pets.

Fonte: any-uk-vet.co.uk westside vet clinic

Fare il bagno a fido

2011-04-16T18:53:00.000+01:00

Partiamo da una considerazione positiva: i cani non hanno bisogno di fare spesso il bagno.

Infatti bagni troppo frequenti potrebbero irritargli la pelle fino a causare dermatiti.

Quindi questa operazione dovrà essere fatta con parsimonia – ad esempio quando il cane è troppo infangato, o ha un odore troppo sgradevole – e soprattutto con una buona organizzazione.

Come prima cosa, abituate il vostro cane a fare il bagno fin da quando è cucciolo: l’abitudine all’acqua renderà tutto più semplice

La frequenza con cui lavare il cane è di massimo una volta al mese.

Alcuni consigli potranno esservi utili:

* Non cimentatevi nell’operazione da soli, ma cercate sempre qualcuno che vi aiuti

* In estate risolvete il problema lavando l’animale all’esterno e non in casa

* Mettete a portata di mano tutto l’occorrente: shampoo, prodotti specifici che intendete usare – e che vi ha consigliato il veterinario – spazzole, pettini, ecc.

* Potete scegliere la vasca o una capiente tinozza (dipende dalle dimensioni dell’animale) che potete posizionare sul piatto doccia o dentro la vostra vasca da bagno. Se scegliete la vasca posizionate sul fondo un tappetino antiscivolo.

* Riempite la tinozza (o la vasca) a metà con acqua tiepida

* Spazzolate bene il pelo del cane in modo da rimuovere nodi e pelo superfluo

* Inserite dei batuffoli di cotone o un pezzo di benda orlata ( meglio ) nelle orecchie in modo che l’acqua non entri.

* Immergete l’animale che tenderà a rimanere in piedi per tutta l’operazione; non tentate di farlo sdraiare nell’acqua, non ci riuscirete!

* Iniziate dalla parte posteriore del corpo: bagnatelo con una caraffa piena d’acqua o con la doccia e solo quando è tutto bagnato procedete con lo shampoo specifico per cani

* Lasciate per ultima la testa e fate attenzione a non mandare shampoo e acqua negli occhi e nelle orecchie.

* Sciacquatelo bene assicurandovi che non restino tracce di shampoo.

* Prendetelo in braccio e appoggiatelo su un tappetino che avrete preventivamente preparato

* Asciugatelo con un asciugamano pulito e solo dopo utilizzate il phon tenendolo ad una distanza di almeno 20/30 centimetri.

Il bagno è l’occasione per osservare bene il pelo (ricordatevi comunque che una certa perdita di pelo è fisiologica non solo ai cambi di stagione) e la pelle dell’animale: arrossamenti, presenza di forfora, chiazze con pelo diradato, opacità del manto ecc.

In questi casi rivolgetevi al veterinario che vi consiglierà la terapia da seguire.

Autore: DOTT.SSA LAURA JURILLI

Cani.com

Patentino per cani pericolosi

2011-04-16T18:45:00.000+01:00

E stato presentato a Roma dal sottosegretario alla salute Francesca Martini il corso formativo per proprietari di cani pericolosi previsto dall ordinanza del 3 marzo 2009. Un programma di formazione che,ha come obiettivo "la creazione del corretto rapporto uomo-cane, spesso mal gestito nella nostra società". E un corso gratuito, che verra organizzato e offerto ai cittadini dalle amministrazioni locali.

Un corso assolutamente volontario, che e reso obbligatorio solo per i proprietari dei cani "a rischio elevato". i cani a "rischio elevato",verranno segnalita ai veterinari dai padroni stessi, dopo aver riscontrato un comportamento anomalo nei loro amici a quattro zampe.

Il libro di testo del corso e formato da una trentina di pagine scritte da alcuni veterinari;da lacune linee guida per il rapporto tra uomo e cane e da suggerimenti sui campanelli d allarme che "quasi sempre" precedono i fenomeni di aggressivita, e che possono non essere colti o interpretati nella giusta maniera. I corsi cominceranno subito, e sara cura dei cittadini sollecitarli alle amministrazioni. "L istituzione del patentino per i proprietari e detentori di cani - secondo le intenzioni del Ministero - e un ulteriore passo in avanti nel panorama legislativo nazionale a tutela delle persone ma anche e soprattutto dei cani stessi".

Fonte: cani.com

Spay and neuter operation in Dogs and Cats

2011-04-16T18:41:00.003+01:00

First, some basic reproductive terminology:
Spayed = a female cat or dog who has had both ovaries and uterus surgically removed, and is not capable of producing offspring.Neutered = a male cat or dog who has had both testicles surgically removed, and is not capable of producing offspring. Also known as castration. Some refer to "neutered" as a male or female dog that has been surgically altered to render them sterile (testicles removed or ovaries removed, making them not capable of producing offspring).Related terms: desexed, fixed, alteredIntact = not spayed or neutered, the animal has reproductive organs capable of producing offspring. Queen = intact female catTom = intact male catBitch = intact female dogDog = intact male dog

For the purpose of this article, intact female cats and dogs will be referred to as the "pet" or "patient".

Is spaying a major surgery?
Yes, because it involves surgically entering the abdomen, it is considered "major surgery". This should not frighten pet owners however, since this surgery is a routinely performed one, and very safe. There are inherent risks with any anesthesia or surgical procedure, and talking over your fears and concerns with your veterinarian should help you understand any special risks that your pet may have. (For more on the actual surgery, see below.)

I've heard that my pet should have a heat cycle first -- she will be a better pet.
I've heard that my pet should have a litter first -- she will be a better pet.
These are two common misconceptions about spaying. You will do so much more for the health of your pet by spaying before the first heat. It has been reported that by doing so, you will reduce the chance of mammary (breast) cancer in your pet by as much as 97% over their lifetime. The chance of other reproductive cancers (uterine, ovarian, mammary) and uterine infection is eliminated in spayed animals. Even after the first heat, spaying will reduce the risks of certain cancers and eliminate reproductive organ disease.

Providing a loving environment for your pet, proper health care, and proper training will be the most influential benefit to maintaining a happy pet that fits into your family.

I want to spay my pet, but it is too expensive for me at this time. What can I do?
First, speak with your veterinarian. Some practices offer spay packages as part of a puppy vaccination package, have a "spay day" (reduced price spays on a certain day), or a reduced spay fee for those who demonstrate need. Many shelters and humane organizations work with veterinarians to provide spay vouchers and other funding to those who are unable to afford spaying. Pet overpopulation is a HUGE problem in the United States and many countries around the world -- don't contribute to the problem of unwanted puppies and kittens simply due to lack of funding, if possible. There are alternative means of funding.

Non-spayed females have an increased risk cancer (uterine, ovarian, mammary) and an increased risk of a life-threatening uterine infection as they get older.

Why does my vet want to do pre-surgery blood work on my pet?
Many veterinarians offer pre-anesthesia screening to their patients, and may have you sign a waiver if you decline these blood tests. Why is this so important? It provides a way to assess kidney and liver function prior to undergoing anesthesia among other things. The liver and kidneys are the primary routes that the anesthetics are broken down and removed from the body. If they aren't working well, then anesthesia may be more of a risk. There are many anesthetic agents available, and your veterinarian may also use the blood screening information to determine the best anesthetic protocol for your pet.

What happens during the surgery? Your pet will be sedated and anesthetized so she won't feel any pain or be aware of what is happening. Her breathing and heart rate will be closely monitored by the veterinary staff. The surgeon makes a small incision on her abdomen (belly area) and removes the two ovaries and uterus, usually just above the cervix. All vessels and tissues are ligated (tied off) to prevent bleeding and lessen chances of post-operative bleeding or infection. Once the ovaries and uterus are removed, the surgeon begins the closure of the body wall and skin -- muscle, subcutaneous, and skin are sutured (stitched) back together. Your pet may have absorbable sutures, skin staples, or sutures visible in the skin that will need to be removed by your vet 10-14 days after surgery. Click here for a pictorial description of a dog spay surgery.Click here for a pictorial description of a cat spay surgery. (Warning - surgical photos may not be suitable for all viewers.)

My other vet let me take my pet home the same day. This vet wants to keep her overnight. Why?
For the exact answer, you will need to ask your vet, but this will vary from practice to practice, vet to vet, and even patient to patient. There isn't a "right" or "wrong" answer. It is very important to keep your pet as quiet as possible activity-wise, prevent excessive licking of the incision, and to go slow initially and monitor food and water intake. Also, if your pet experienced any surgical or anesthetic complications, your vet may want to keep her overnight for further observation. If you work or won't be home immediately after picking up your pet, you may want to ask your vet about keeping your pet for a while longer for observation and monitoring.

How soon will she be "back to normal"?
Most people are surprised at how quickly their pets recover from surgery (certainly much sooner than their human counterparts!) Most pets are up and alert shortly after surgery, and after resting quietly for a day or two, most are back to their "normal" self. It is very important to restrict activity in those pets who are very active -- too much activity can actually delay healing or cause post surgical complications, such as dehiscence (opening of sutures) or bleeding.

Fonti: vetmedicine.about.com