The Mysterious Universe

NASA and spacex launch live

2020-05-30T08:30:00.002-07:00

Watch live here

MILKY WAY GALAXY l MILKY WAY GALAXY FROM EARTH I

2020-05-28T07:35:00.006-07:00

Written by : Pawan

MILKY WAY GALAXY

The Milky way galaxy is the galaxy that contains our solar system , with the name describing galaxy's appearance from earth.It is spiral shaped galaxy that consists of several hundred billions stars.

Radius : 52,850 light years

Age: 13.51 billion years

Source : John fowler

HOW BIG IS THE MILKY WAY ?

The Milky Way is Earth’s home galaxy, the stellar city in which we reside. It’s hefty, containing a few hundred billion stars. And it’s so spacious that, even traveling at the speed of light, it would take more than 100,000 years to get from one side to the other. It’s Frisbee shaped, though; so, from top to bottom, you could drive on a shorter, thousand-light-year jaunt.The center of Milky way is a supermassive black hole of around 4.100 + 0.034 million solar masses called Saggittarius A.

MILKY WAY GALAXY FROM EARTH

All the stars we see in the night sky are in our milky way. Just as the earth goes around the Sun , the Sun goes around the center of Milky way. The time taken by our sun to revolve around the center of milky way once is called cosmic year and it is equal to 230 to 250 million terrestrial years.

WHAT IS THE MILKY WAY MADE OF ?

Milky way primarily consists of stars, gas, dust and dark matter. Among those four components it is believed that 90% is dark matter and only 10% is visible.

WHAT IS DARK MATTER IN THE MILKY WAY?

Dark matter is a form of matter which is said to account approximately 85% of the matter in the universe. It is composed of such type of particles that don't absorb, reflect, or emit light so they can't be detected by observing the electromagnetic radiation.It's existence can be proved by observing the effect it cause on the object that we can observe directly.They interact predominantly via gravity with visible matter that's why it was accounted to be a part of universe to explain the mysterious effect it causes to the rotation of galaxies, motion of clusters.

NASA'S and SpaceX historic mission was cancelled due to bad weather I New date confirmed

2020-05-28T07:29:00.001-07:00

THE HISTORIC NASA MISSION CANCELLED !

Yesterday's NASA's historic mission to launch astronauts from it's own soil was called off due to bad weather.NASA was in collaboration with Elon Musk's SpaceX to send astronauts to international space station. The mission was to carry two astronauts Col. Doug Hurley and Bob Behnken into space on Thursday, however the launch has been schedules for may 30.

Due to the bad weather the strength of electric fields in the atmosphere made it unsafe for mission control to continue the launch.

SpaceX and NASA will now try again to launch on Saturday. Saturday's launch will take place earlier, at 3:22 pm local time, or 8:22 pm in the UK.

But up coming days also threaten to have poor weather .

''we are launching American astronauts on American Rockets from American soil. We haven't done this really since 2011, so this is a unique moment in time,'' NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine said.

NASA

Musk was wearing a mask, keeping his distance, and chatting with the two NASA astronauts just before they left for the launch pad.

Everything we know about Planet ''9'' so far.

2020-05-26T23:36:00.001-07:00

Planet 9 is a theoretical undiscovered giant planet in the outer region of our solar system. Planet 9 was hypothetically explained to exist beyond Neptune. The planet 9 was said to be at far as 30 AU from the sun at the edge of solar system where Kuiper belt lies.

The objects in the Kuiper belt ranges from 0-1200 km. The kuiper belt objects are scattered into small bits of planetary materials which were normally never considered as planets.

According to some mathematical calculations and computer simulations the orbits we see in the Kuiper Belt can only be created if Neptune was a few AU closer to the sun and migrated outward to it's present orbit. The migration of Neptune explains the presence of highly elliptical orbits in the Kuiper belt which gives rise to the imagination of 9'th planet.

The gravitation force that inner planets are facing also gives the evidence of presence of 9'th planet.

some planet like objects were observed but they were all confined to one quadrant of the solar system. Finding several extreme KBOs on orbits gave hints to two astronomers to calculate that only large , very distant planet could keep all orbits confined to part ofthe solar system, and the theory of planet 9 was born.

Planet 9 was assumed to be at least 10 times as large as Earth and its orbit lurking between 300-700 AU. There have been so many publications of assumptions of 9'th planet but it has not been discovered yet.

Astronomers have used the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope over five years to look and research about KBOs.

Voyager 1 which has launched in 1977, and it took until the end of 2004 to cross the the termination shock; the place where our sun's influence meets and gives over to forces to interstellar space, at very edge of our solar system. Planet 9, which NASA calls Planet X, orbits sun in a highly elongated orbit far beyond Pluto.

via wikipedia

The planet 9 hasn't been confirmed yet about its existence but it has been a topic for astronomers to study far beyond Neptune about the gravitational influence planet 9 has.

PARALLEL UNIVERSE VS MULTIVERSE : THE TRUTH

2020-05-24T23:17:00.003-07:00

By Admin ,

For most of us the idea of parallel universe is a wild dream. Parallel universe is a place where certain events have different results then our reality. The first idea of parallel universe was introduced in comic books. Originally it was just return in science fiction, ''New dimension'' but today it may refer as undiscovered and unsolved mystery.

In 1954, a young Princeton University doctoral candidate Hugh Everette III came up with a radical idea that there exist a parallel universe just like ours. All those universes are related to ours; and our universe with others. With those other universes the outcome of and certain event would have been very different then the once we know. The species that are extinct in our universe may have evolved in parallel universe whereas we; Humans may have become extinct in their universe. This thought boggles the mind and yet, it is still comprehensible.

Some people think that parallel universe exists and they also imagine copies of ourselves running around in some other dimension which is exactly opposite thought presented by Huge Everette III.

On the other hand string theory somehow suggests Multiverse to exist. The first published string theory suggested too many universes. It predicted not single but some 10500 versions of spacetime, each with their own law of physics. Some theories suggests dark matter and dark energy are key to multiverse. the notable feature of string theory is that it suggested extra dimensions for their mathematical consistency. in bosonic string theory, spacetime is 26 dimensional, super string theory predicts 10 dimensions whereas m-theory suggested 11 dimensions.

In simple words universe comprise everything that exists; the entire space, time, matter, energy,physical laws etc. The different universes within multiverse are called parallel universes because parallel universes are sub-constituent of multiverse.

lets talk from the beginning of the formation of the universe; BIG BANG. Our universe that we see was created around 13.7 billion years ago from a point null space with infinite energy with a big bang. The majority of the astronomical community accepts big bang but it only suggested a bang to our only known universe. So the question arises how are other universe created? If we look at the the big bang theory again; it says; '' THE FIRST SECOND WAS THE BIRTH OF LIGHT''. What if those lights were formed at multiple places such as to create other universes. This is the hot topic, that everyone wants to debate but no one has clear idea. Future calculations and theories may be able to help to find out whether these conspiracy theories about parallel universe are correct or not.

Can Elon Musk really occupy and transform mars? Take a look at his future plans

2020-05-24T04:13:00.001-07:00

By Pawan ,

While most of the countries in the world are underdeveloped, and developing countries are opening their ways to get to space, and there is a man who is desperate to get to mars and build a city of one million of people by 2050.

he is none other than Elon Musk.

What is he planning ?

The CEO of spaceX and tesla , Elon Musk is accelerating the development of starships to take Humans to Martian land. In a tweet via twitter he tweeted ''OCCUPY MARS''. And in this case Elon seems to be very confident as he plans to transform mars by 2050.

He has already build a prototype of a rocket which is 230-foot tall and has a capacity of carrying 24 satellites.Musk thinks that his prototype rocket can be fully reusable and he is also planning to built at least 10,000 of those ships. In fact he has already started the production.

In case Elon didn't know transferring mars to a habitable environment is not going to be easy. In order live on Mars we need to create a self-sustaining environment. Elon is trying to built a city in mars by 2050. So what he needs is a lot of Vitamin C in order to make life on Mars.For astronauts who is going to mars at first lunch, they have the top responsibility to make a livable environment until second units of astronauts launch after 26 months of first launch. A city on Mars ''has to survive if the resupply ships stop coming from earth for any reason whatsoever' Musk told Ars Technia. Will really the resupply gets delay?

To make a self sustaining city, Elon and co needs to plan so accurate that nothing is left behind the first crew. If it happens so only God knows what happens next. In Elon program list first Maiden flight will take in 2022 whereas first crewed flight might take in 2024. The spaceX starship will be the rocket to take humans to Mars with estimated crew capacity about 100 ( <=100). But for early crewed mars missions might be expected to have approximately 12 people, who will have primary mission to '' build out and troubleshoot the propellant plant and Mars base Alpha power system.''In case of an emergency, the spaceship would be able to return to Earth without having to wait a full 26 months for the next synodic period.

Both Solar and Lunar eclipse in June 2020

2020-05-23T01:02:00.001-07:00

By Pawan,

In the month of June there will be both Lunar and Solar eclipse and we will be able to witness both of the eclipses.

1. LUNAR ECLIPSE

Date: 5 June, 2020

Lunar eclipse occurs when earth comes in between the Sun and the Moon.

From where can I watch lunar eclipse?

For people living in Asia, Australia, Europe and Africa, you will be able to witness the lunar eclipse and you wan witness the moon turning darker(penumbra type). In June 5 lunar eclipse will be a penumbral lunar eclipse. The total eclipse period is about 3 hours and 18 minutes.

Time	Date	Solar eclipse
11:15 pm	June 5	Penumbral eclipse begins
12:54 am	June 6	Maximum eclipse
2:34 am	June 6	Penumbral eclipse ends

2. SOLAR ECLIPSE

Date: 21 June, 2020

Solar eclipse occurs when the Moon comes in between the Earth and the Moon. In June 21, 2020 we will be able to witness lunar eclipse.

It will be an annular solar eclipse.

From where can I watch annular solar eclipse?

For people living in China, North India, central African Republic, congo Ethiopia and south of Pakistan.

Time	Date	Solar eclipse
9:15 am	June 21	partial eclipse begins
10:17 am	June 21	Full eclipse begins
12:10 pm	June 21	Maximum eclipse
2:02 pm	June 21	Full eclipse ends
3:04 pm	June 21	Partial eclipse ends

FACTS ABOUT THE UNIVERSE YOU MAY NOT KNOW

2020-05-22T23:15:00.004-07:00

By Roman,

The universe is a place consisting everything we see, hear and feel. The ''UNIVERSE''

is a name we used to describe the collection of everything that exist in space.

The universe has always been a wonderful, curious and silent place for us. We all are fascinated with the pearls and the uniqueness of the universe. Here we have got 5 fascinating facts about the universe we bet you didn't know.

1. THERE IS A RESERVE OF FLOATING WATER IN SPACE

Astronomers have discovered the largest body of water known so far as a reserve of water floating in space. It is estimated that it might be holding as much as 140 trillion times the mass of water in the earth's ocean.

credit : NASA

Astronomers think the water might be 12 billion light years away from earth in an distant quasar.

2. PLUTO IS SMALLER THAN UNITED STATES

Planet Pluto is smaller than United States. The pluto's diameter is about 2,370 KM

diameter USA vs Charon vs Pluto
credit: NASA

3. THE MOON IS DRIFTING AWAY FROM EARTH

Every year the moon is drifting away from earth by 3.8 cm. It is because of our planet rotation is slowing down and the action of tides.

NASA

4. THE FIRST PHOTOGRAPH OF BLACK HOLE IS 3 MILLION TIMES THE SIZE OF EARTH

In April 2019 the first ever photo of black hole was released which shows halo of dust and gas. Is is estimated to be 310 million trillion miles away from the earth. The photo was captured by Event Horizon Telescope, and also possible due to the algorithm of programmer Katie Bowman.It is said that the black hole is about 3 million times the size of earth.

via wikipedia

5. SPACE IS COMPLETELY SILENT

As there is no atmosphere in space through which sound travels, it is completely silent for us. Astronauts use radio signals to communicate in space. Some space agencies uses radio telescopes to listen and capture the sound of planets and different other objects in space.

The Moon : 10 Surprising facts

2020-05-22T19:06:00.003-07:00

By Roman ,

1. The Moon is Earth's only permanent natural satellite.

2. The Moon is the second-densest satellite in solar system.

3. It's gravity is 6 times less than that of earth.

4. The core of the moon is made of solid Iron.

5. The footprint of Neil Armstrong in the moon will remain forever.

SOURCE :NASA

6. The Moon is drifting away from the Earth about 4 cm per year.

7. The moon is in synchronous rotation with earth, meaning the same side of moon faces Earth forever.

8. The Moon has quakes too which are called moon quakes.

9. Earth's Moon ( Luna) is fifth largest out of 190+ Moons in Solar system.

10. The tides in the World's Ocean is due to the gravity of the moon.

THE MOON : HISTORY

The moon is only natural satellites of the earth.It was thought to have formed about 4.51 billions years ago after a space rock impact between earth and a hypothetical mars size body called Theia. It is about 384 , 400 km away from Earth.And has gravity of 1.62 m/s^2.The radius of moon is 1,737.1 km and has surface area 3.7938*10^7 sq.km (0.074 of earth's).

Galileo galilei is credited as the first person to study about moon and it's craters.the moon was first reached by Human made object in September 1959 by soviet union's Luna 2 as an unmanned spacecraft.The surface of moon contains silica, alumina, lime, iron oxide, magnesia, titanium dioxide, sodium oxide etc.The moon has distinct crust, mental and core.The core is made of solid iron and has radius of about 240 kms.It has it's own magnetic field of less than 0.2 nano teslas.

Astronomers have the first look at the birth of a planet

2020-05-22T03:45:00.003-07:00

In an orange swirl, astronomers say humanity has its first look at the birth of a planet

An image of a mesmerizing cosmic spiral, twisting and swirling around a galactic maw, may be the first direct evidence of the birth of a planet ever captured by humanity

The European Southern Observatory released a picture Wednesday of what astronomers believe shows the process of cosmic matter at a gravitational tipping point, collapsing into a new world around a nearby star.

Astronomers said the dramatic scene offers a rare glimpse into the formation of a baby planet, which could help scientists better understand how planets come to exist around stars.

Thousands of exoplanets have been identified so far, but little is known about how they form," the lead author of a study detailing the discovery, Anthony Boccaletti, an astronomer at the Observatoire de Paris in France, said in a statement.

Planets are thought to form out of the massive discs of gas and dust that surround young stars. As tiny specks of dust circle a star and collide with one another, some material starts to fuse, much like how rolling a snowball through more snow will eventually yield a bigger snowball. After billions of years, the clumps of material become large enough that the force of gravity shapes them into planets.

AstronomThe new image peers into the disc of material around a young star known as AB Aurigae, which is 520 light-years from Earth in the constellation of Auriga. Amid the hypnotic spiral arms is a "twist," visible in the photo as a bright yellow region in the center, that is thought to be a sign of a planet being born, said Emmanuel Di Folco, a researcher at the Astrophysics Laboratory of Bordeaux in France, who participated in the study.

When a planet forms, the clumps of material create wavelike perturbations in the gas- and dust-filled disc around a star, "somewhat like the wake of a boat on a lake," Di Folco said.

The bright region at the center of the new image is thought to be evidence of such a disturbance, which had been predicted in models of planetary birth.ers saie dramatic scd thene could help scientists better understand how planets come to exist around stars