Nepal

Sushil Koirala

2016-02-09T01:20:00.001-08:00

He wanted to be an actor, not of Nepali movie or Hindi, but of Hollywood. It really needs a very very high self-esteem to dream that big. It means when he used to stand in front of a mirror, he used to see Clint Eastwood or Humphrey Bogart (probably) in him. This craze came in him when there were barely any TV in his country...needless to talk about how many even would watch Hollywood movie. It's hard to dream ourselves to play for Hollywood at this era, imagine what kind of man one must be to dream so in 1920s.

Things didn't work. and he went to India.

16 years, think of a man spending his life in India, SIXTEEN YEARS as editor and political activists. One year of Facebook page can teach me this many thing, imagine what all he would have learned.

Then, 5 years of his life, he spent in Jail. FIVE FREAKING YEARS. That means, if you are sent to jail now, you will be coming out in 2021.

With time, he became the right hand of powerful man of Nepal. Just think this way, you are the right hand of KP Oli or Prachanda. Nepal would be yours; you could do anything, you could become anyone. You ask for minister, you would get a ministership. You ask for contracts, and you would get it. You just could do anything and make fortune out of it. But that Hollywood dreamer, didn't even make a house or buy a land. Whatever he had, that too he sold and lived simple life.

He used to say "I am happy not marrying. Marriage is not for me." Steve Jobs, Ratan Tata, Adam Smith, and many others thought the same.

Yes, I am talking about Late Sushil Koirala.

RIP

Source:

Kaagmandu Magazine

Sagar Thapa scores goal in free kick against Bangladesh

2012-01-20T03:35:00.000-08:00

Sagar Thapa's winning free kick goal against Bangladesh in SAFF Championship 2011, India.

The best free kick............ its very rare in football...... best goal ever made by a nepali footballer.

Bangladesh Coach Nikola Says This Goal Is "Once In A Lifetime".

Sagar Thapa's winning free kick goal against Bangladesh in SAFF Championship 2011, India.

The best free kick............ its very rare in football...... best goal ever made by a nepali footballer.
Bangladesh Coach Nikola Says This Goal Is "Once In A Lifetime".

Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve (Nepal)

2012-01-20T00:34:00.000-08:00

The Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve is a protected area in the Terai of eastern Nepal covering 175 km² (68 sq mi) of wetlands in the Sunsari,Saptari and Udayapur Districts. In altitude it ranges from 75 to 81 metres (246 to 266 ft) and consists of extensive mudflats, reed beds, and freshwater marshes in the floodplain of the Sapta Kosi River. It was established in 1976 and designated as a Ramsar site in December 1987.

It can be accessed from the Mahendra Highway.

A study of the reserve was conducted between 1997 to 1998 by the Central Department of Zoology, Tribhuvan University in Kathmandu. The study found serious conflicts between the reserve wildlife and the local people living adjacent to the reserve.

The people suffered crop depredations and animal harassment while the reserve managers had the problems of poaching, cattle grazing, and other illegal activities in the reserve. The study has several recommendations, one of which is the promotion of tourism to the area with the reserve using local tourist guides trained by wildlife experts.

A wide range of faunal species inhabit the protected area. In its water courses and ponds, 200 species of fish have been recorded, most of which are resident. Two toad species, nine frog species, sixlizard species, five snake species, 11 turtle species are recorded. Gharial and Mugger crocodile occur as well.

Mammals and Birds:

The 31 species of mammals recorded include the Asian elephant, Spotted deer, Hog deer, Wild pig, Smooth-coated otter and Golden jackal. The Ganges River Dolphin has been sighted in the Koshi River. Gaur and Blue bull have declined in numbers. Nepal’s last remaining population of about 150 Wild Asian Water Buffalo called arna inhabit the area.

Notable among the 485 bird species are Watercock, Indian nightjar, Dusky eagleowl, Black-headed cuckooshrike, Whitetailed stonechat, Striated grassbird, Large adjutant stork, Pallas’s fish eagle,Common golden-eye, and Gullbilled tern. Bengal Florican, Swamp Francolin and Nepal Rufous-vented Prinia occur as well.

Bardiya National Park

2012-01-20T00:20:00.000-08:00

Bardiya National Park is a protected area in Nepal that was established in 1988 as Royal Bardia National Park. Covering an area of 968 km² (374 sq mi) it is the largest and most undisturbed wilderness area in Nepal's Terai, adjoining the eastern bank of the Karnali River in the Bardiya District.

The northern limits of the protected area are demarcated by the crest of the Siwalik Hills. The Nepalgunj-Surkhet highway partly forms the southern boundary, but seriously disrupts the protected area. Natural boundaries to human settlements are formed in the west by the Geruwa, a branch of the Karnali River, and in the southeast by the Babai River.

Together with the neighboring Banke National Park, the coherent protected area of 1,437 km² (555 sq mi) represents the Tiger Conservation Unit (TCU) Bardia-Banke that extends over 2,231 km² (861 sq mi) of alluvial grasslands and subtropical moist decidous forests.

Listen to pronunciation of Bardiya National Park's local name बर्दिया राष्ट्रिय निकुञ्ज

In 1815, Nepal lost this region to the East India Company through the Sugauli Treaty. For 45 years it was a part of British India and returned to Nepal in 1860 in recognition for supporting the suppression of the Indian Independence movement in 1857. Today, this annexed area is still called Naya Muluk meaning new country. An area of 368 km² (142 sq mi) was set aside as Royal Hunting Reserve in 1969 and gazetted as Royal Karnali Wildlife Reserve in 1976. In 1982, it was proclaimed as Royal Bardia Wildlife Reserve and extended to include the Babai River Valley in 1984.

Finally in 1988, the protected area was gazetted as national park.
The approximately 1500 people who used to live in this valley have been resettled elsewhere. Since farming has ceased in the Babai Valley, the natural regenerated vegetation makes the area a prime habitat for wildlife.

About 70% of the park is covered with forest, with the balance a mixture of grassland, savannah and riverine forest.The flora recorded in the park comprises 839 species of flora, including 173 vascular plant species comprising 140 dicots, 26 monocots, six fern, and one gymnosperm species.

The wide range of vegetation types in forest and grassland provides excellent habitat for 642 faunal species. The Karnali-Babai river system, their small tributaries and myriads of oxbow lakes is habitat for 125 recorded species of fish and mugger crocodiles. A small population of gharial inhabits the rivers. Apart from the crocodiles, 23 reptile and amphibian species have been recorded.

The Bardiya National Park is home to at least 53 mammals including rhinoceros, wild elephant, Bengal tiger, swamp deer, and Gangetic dolphin.

Translocation of rhinos from Chitwan to Bardia National Park commenced in 1986, with 58 individuals relocated until 2000. From 1994 to 2000, hunters have been unsuccessful at poaching rhinos. In April 2000, there were 67 rhinos in the park, most of them resident in the Babai Valley. In May 2006, a reconnaissance survey was carried out in the Babai River floodplain, which revealed an alarming decline in the rhino population.

Poaching was suspected to be the main cause of this decline. Subsequent surveys in 2007 and 2008 have confirmed the complete disappearance of rhinos from Babai Valley. In different habitats of the Karnali floodplain 25 rhinos were recorded based on direct observation and indirect signs of rhino dung and tracks. They were mostly congregated in the floodplain grassland, riverine forest and wetlands.In March 2008, only 22 rhinos were counted, and two of them have been poached since the count.

In 1985, two large elephant bulls were spotted for the first time in the park, and named Raja Gaj and Kanchha. They roamed the park area together and made occasional visits to the females. Raja Gaj stood 11.3 ft (3.4 m) tall at the shoulder and had a massive body weight. His appearance has been compared to that of a mammoth due to his high bi-domed shaped head. His forehead and domes were more prominent than in other Asian bull elephants. In 1993, five elephants were seen entering the park, and one year later another 16 individuals arrived. A population count in summer 1997 revealed 41 resident individuals.In 2002, more than 60 individuals were estimated to reside in the Karnali floodplain and the Babai Valley.

Current checklists include 407 bird species, among them the Bengal florican, white-rumped vulture, peafowl, and bar-headed geese, which are symbolic of the park.Lesser florican, silver-eared mesia and Sarus crane have also been sighted.

Hyatt Regency Hotel Nepal

2012-01-19T23:47:00.000-08:00

Hyatt Regency Kathmandu is a luxury 5 star city resort hotel, set on 37 acres of landscaped grounds in the raditional Newari style of Nepalese architecture. The hotel islocated in the metropolitan city of Kathmandu at Taragaon, Boudha on the road to the Boudhanath Stupa - the most holy of Tibetan Buddhist shrines outside Tibet and one of the UNESCO World Heritage Site. The hotel is just 4 km from the Tribhuvan International Airport and 6 km from the city centre of Kathmandu. The Boudhanath Stupa is within five minutes walking distance from the hotel. The hotel offers panoramic views of the Boudhanath Stupa and the surrounding mountain ranges.

The hotel’s 280 rooms and suites enjoy views of either the Boudhanath Stupa or the lush gardens and the surrounding mountain ranges. All rooms are well-equipped and spacious with a private bathroom, a walk-in shower, an in-room safe and a mini bar. Guests at the Regency Club rooms and suites enjoy additional privileges and facilities such as the usage of the boardroom, a dedicated concierge and evening cocktails and canapés.

The four exciting restaurants and bars at the hotel ensure the perfect dining experience with an array of cuisine options. The Café, features a show kitchen and serves international cuisine.

Rox Restaurant is the hotel’s signature outlet and features a show-kitchen with wood-fired oven and serves traditional home-style Southern European cuisine. Rox Bar features an island bar and offers a wide selection of beverages. The Lounge is a convenient and comfortable meeting venue and serves speciality beverages, light meals and afternoon tea selection. The Terrace serves light food, healthy meals, salads, juices and refreshing cocktails.

The hotel offers over 950 sq m (10,100 sq ft) of impressive meeting space providing unparalleled business services to meet the needs of the individual business traveler and cater to the diverse requirements of the customer. In addition to the meetings space, there are numerous outdoor venues available within the hotel grounds.

Guests can stay fit at the hotel’s fitness centre - Club Oasis, which features a well-equipped fitness centre, a health and beauty spa, two outdoor swimming pools-one for adults and one for children, indoor and outdoor whirlpool, tennis courts and 1.6 km jogging track.

Loot (Nepali Film Promo) - Official Theatrical Trailer

2012-01-17T05:17:00.000-08:00

Must watch once Its really great movie with new idea in Nepali film.........

PEOPLE ARE AWESOME

2012-01-17T04:15:00.000-08:00

amazing thing that people can do..........

A brand new Nepal

2012-01-16T18:46:00.000-08:00

great video showing greatest thing of Nepal and also showing future. Its really great video and music was covered by Nepali band "Jinddabad"

LMFAO - Sexy and I Know It (Official Music Video)

2012-01-10T09:04:00.000-08:00

LMFAO - Sexy and I Know It (Official Music Video)

www.youtube.com

Katy Perry - Firework

2012-01-10T09:00:00.000-08:00

Katy Perry - Firework

Official music video for Katy Perry's "Firework" off her album 'Teenage Dream'. Director: Dave Meyers.Producers: Robert Bray & Danny Lockwood. Get 'Teenage ...Its really great video and inspiring also......

Yaad - bullet flo (GXSOUL) feat akshendra and dougie (GORKHALI EXTREME)

2012-01-10T08:32:00.000-08:00

The new Nepali super song "bullet flo".Its reall nice and great........

Nepalese rupee(रूपैयाँ)

2011-12-05T07:25:00.000-08:00

The rupee (Nepali: रूपैयाँ) is the official currency of Nepal. The present rupee has the ISO 4217 code NPR and is normally abbreviated with the sign ₨. It is subdivided into 100 paisa. The issuance of the currency is controlled by the Nepal Rastra Bank. The most commonly used symbol for the Rupee is Rs or ₨.

The rupee was introduced in 1932, replacing the silver mohar at a rate of 2 mohar = 1 rupee. Initially, the rupee was called the mohru in Nepalese. Its value was pegged to the Indian rupee in 1993 at a rate of 1.6 Nepalese rupees = 1 Indian rupee.

In 1932, silver 20 and 50 paisa and 1 rupee coins were introduced, followed by copper 1, 2 and 5 paisa between 1933 and 1935. In the 1940s, copper ¼ and ½ paisa and nickel-brass 5 paisa were added. In 1953, a new coinage was introduced consisting of brass 1, 2 and 4 paisa, bronze 5 and 10 paisa, and cupro-nickel 20, 25 and 50 paisa and 1 rupee. The 20 paisa was discontinued after 1954.

In 1966, aluminium 1, 2 and 5 paisa and brass 10 paisa were introduced. Aluminium 25 paisa coins were introduced in 1982, followed by stainless steel 50 paisa and 1 rupee in 1987 and 1988. In 1994, smaller 10 and 25 paisa coins were issued, alongside aluminium 50 paisa and brass-plated-steel 1, 2, 5 and 10 rupaiya.

In 1951, the government introduced notes for 1, 5, 10 and 100 rupees, with the name mohru used in Nepalese. The State Bank took over note issuance in 1956 and, in its second issue, began using the name rupee in the Nepalese texts. In 1972, 500 and 1000 rupees notes were added, followed by 50 rupees in 1974 and 2 rupees in 1981, after the discontinuation of production of 1 rupee notes (some are still in circulation). 20 rupees notes were introduced in 1982. 1 and 2 rupees notes are no longer produced, although previously issued ones are still in circulation. The 1 rupee note has a picture of Ama Dablam, one of the neighbours of Mt. Everest, on its reverse side.

For the 2 rupees with a symbol of Indian god on aside and with mantra on the top on the left is the most valued that can be auction at $39,000 USD and above. This note now readed from the Nepal National Bank only left less then 180 note. The only note that really valued from year 1832-1867.

There are also 25 and 250 rupee notes commemorating the Silver Jubilee of Birendra Bir Bikram Shah in 1997.

Since 2007, Nepalese rupee banknotes have been produced by Perum Peruri, the National Mint Public Company of Indonesia.

भ्रष्टचारमा पनि ‘रेकर्ड’ !(record in corruption )

2011-12-05T06:58:00.000-08:00

राज्यको बाघडोर सम्हाल्ने ठाउँमा पुग्ने बित्तिकै बाबुरामले ‘भ्रष्टचारमा शून्य सहनशीलता’ को आकर्षक कार्ड फाल्न भ्याइहाले । विगतमा प्रचण्ड सरकारमा अर्थमन्त्री छँदा स्वच्छ छवि भएका अर्थमन्त्रीका रुपमा आफूँलाई स्थापित गराएका बाबुरामले मुलुकलाई भ्रष्टचारमुक्त बनाउने सपना बाँड्नु कुनै नौलो कुरा थिएन् । आफूँ नेतृत्वको सरकारलाई भ्रष्टचाररहित सरकारका रुपमा स्थापित गराउने सपना अठोट बोकेका बाबुराम पनि शुरुशुरुमा ‘साधु’ नै देखिए । मुलुकका कार्यकारी व्यक्तिहरु राष्ट्रपति, प्रधानमन्त्री, सभामुख, मन्त्री आदिले ‘भ्रष्टचारीका मुखमा किरा परोस्’ भन्ने स्लोगन् (नारा) लेखिएका टिर्सटहरु लगाएर भ्रष्टचार विरुद्धको अभियानमा नैतिक समर्थन दिए । आर्थिक अनियमितता र सरकारी फजुल खर्चलाई सकेसम्म कम गरेर भ्रष्टचारमा हदैसम्म कडा हुने बाबुरामको उद्घोषको यतिबेला हिसाब–किताब हुन थालिसकेको छ । मुलुकको समग्र कर्मचारीतन्त्रलाई भ्रष्टचारमुक्त पार्ने हुँकार छोडेको बाबुराम सरकार अन्ततः भ्रष्टचारका ‘ऐतिहासिक रेकर्डहरु’ कायम गर्दैछ यतिबेला । भट्टराई सरकारका मन्त्रीहरु एकपछि अर्काे गर्दै भ्रष्टचारसम्बन्धी विवादमा तानिदैं जानुले अब देशका ‘साधु’ विस्तारै ‘चोर’ हुँदै गइरहेका छन् भन्ने पुष्टि हुँदैछ ।
बाबुरामको मुस्ताङ यात्रा होस् चाहे न्यूयोर्कको सस्तो हवाई यात्रा चाहे बेलबासतिरको पैदल यात्रा । यी सबै बाबुरामलाई चर्चामा ल्याइदिने र लोकप्रिय’ बनाइदिने कदम बने । उसो त कर्मचारीतन्त्रभित्र हुने भयाभह भ्रष्टचारलाई कम गर्ने सवालमा उनले गरेका केही प्रयासहरु प्रशंसनीय रहे पनि अन्ततः ती असफल जस्तै ठहरिए । तर यतिबेला अवस्था ठिक उल्टो हुँदै गइरहेको छ । पछिल्लो समयमा बाबुरामका केही ‘ऐतिहासिक रेकर्डहरु’ले उनलाई विस्तारै नङ्ग्याउँदै लगिरहेको छ । त्यो भन्दा पनि बढि त भट्टराई सरकारका मन्त्रीहरुका कारण बाबुराम सरकार असामान्य रुपमा विवादमा तानियो, तानिदैंछ । मन्त्री शरतसिंह भण्डारी हुन् चाहे प्रभु शाह हुन् । यी दुवै प्रकरणबाट बाबुरामले अनपेक्षित विवाद झेल्नुपर्यो । यस बाहेक विभिन्न हत्या अभियोगमा नाम मुछिदै आइरहका माओवादी मन्त्रीहरुको विवादले पनि भट्टराई सरकारलाई सोच्दै नसोचेको विवादको खाडलमा जाकिरहेको छ । सभासद ढुङ्गेल प्रकरण होस् या पछिललो समयमा चर्चामा रहेका सभासद बबन सिंह प्रकरण । यस्ता ताता विवादले ‘साधु बाबुराम’लाई विस्तारै ‘चोर बाबुराम’ बनाउँदै लगिरहेका छन् ।

मूलतः यतिबेला भ्रष्टचारमा शून्य सहनशीलताको नारा तुहिदै गइरहेको छ । बाबुराम स्वयं पनि तुहिने दिशामा छन् । उनका मन्त्रीमण्डलका एक÷दुई मन्त्रीहरुको हर्कतको परिणतिले पनि बाबुराम सरकार अनपेक्षित रुपमा नाङ्गिदै गइरहेको छ । बाबुरामले आफूँ प्रधानमन्त्री भएपछि २७ लाख महँगो ऐतिहासिक चियापान कार्यक्रम गर्न भ्याए । जबकि प्रधानमन्त्रीले गर्ने सामान्य चियापान कार्यक्रममा यति ठूलो धनराशि खर्चिनु भनेको चानचुने कुरो हुँदै होइन् । यस बाहेक आज सम्मको इतिहासको रेकर्डलाई तोड्दै ४९ सदस्यीय मन्त्रीमण्डल विस्तार गरेका बाबुरामको आर्थिक मितव्यीयताको सुरिलो नारा पनि यतिबेला खोक्रो सावित हुँदैछ । प्रधानमन्त्री स्वयंको आन्तरिक खर्च र निम्तालु खर्च शीर्षकलाई पत्याइदिने हो भने बाबुराम इतिहासकै ‘खर्चिला प्रधानमन्त्री’ हुन् । यसर्थमा उनले खर्च गर्ने सवालमा पनि किर्तिमानी कायम गरे । उसो त गणतन्त्र स्थापनापछिका चार वटा सरकारमध्ये सबैभन्दा विवादित सरकार पनि बाबुराम सरकार नै हो । बाबुराम प्रधानमन्त्री भएपछि जति प्रसिद्धि र लोकप्रियता कमाए त्यो भन्दा बढि उनले विवादको सामना गरे ।

बाबुराम सरकारको न्यायलय पनि विवादमुक्त रहन सकेन । ढुङ्गेल प्रकरणबाट आम जनताले बाबुरामलाई फूलकै आँखाले हेर्न सकेनन् । बाबुराम प्रधानमन्त्री बन्दै गर्दा एमाले अध्यक्ष झलनाथ खनालले भनेका थिए, “बाबुराम हत्याराहरुको जन्ती लिएर प्रधानमन्त्री बन्न गए” । अन्ततः आज अवस्थाले त्यही बोलीलाई पुष्टि गर्न खोज्दैछ । बाबुरामको भारत भ्रमण इतिहासकै विवादित भ्रमणका रुपमा स्थापित भयो । भारतसँग गरिएको बिपा सम्झौता बाबुरामका लागि घाँटीमा अड्एिको हड्डी जस्तै निल्नु न ओकल्नु बन्यो । हत्या अभियोगमा मुद्धा खेपिरहेका सभासदहरु लगातार मन्त्री हुनुले बाबुरामलाई ठूलै टाउको दुखाइको विषय बन्यो । यी आदि मुद्धाले गर्दा बाबुरामको वजन घट्दै जानु दुखद् हो । तीन महिनाको प्रधानमन्त्रीकालमा बाबुरामले जति ऐतिहासिक प्रगति हाँसिल गरे त्यति नै रुपमा भ्रष्टचार र अनियमितताका ‘रेकर्ड’ पनि कायम गरे । मुस्ताङ यात्राको मूल्य खोजिदै गर्दा बाबुराम सुधारिएको मुस्ताङ गाडी चढ्दैछन् यतिबेला । यही बेलामा उनको मन्त्रीमण्डलमा सामेल मन्त्रीहरुले पनि भकाभक भ्रष्टचारका नयाँ–नयाँ रेकर्डहरु राख्दै गइरहेका छन् ।

यहाँ राम्रो कामको भन्दा बढि नराम्रो कामको चर्चा हुदोरहेछ । त्यही भएर पनि बाबुरामले गरेको राम्रा र प्रशंसनीय कामहरुलाई ‘मिनीमाइज’ हुँदैछ भने उनका मनत्रीहरुले देखाएको हर्कतको कटाक्षे हुँदैछ । यो कटाक्षेले बाबुरामको चुलिदैं गइरहेको व्यक्तित्वलाई कदापि पनि ‘भलो’ गर्नेछैन् ।

आधा दशकदेखि अड्किएको शान्ति प्रक्रिायको हलो बाबुराम सरकारकै पालामा फुकेको छ । अर्थात् जारी राजनीतिक गतिरोधले गति पाउनुको श्रेय बाबुराम सरकारलाई जानेमा दुईमत छैन् । पाँच बर्षको सहयात्रामा कहिल्यै पनि यति नजिक नभएका दलहरु इतिहासमै पहिलोपल्ट एउटै बाटो हिड्ने वातावरण बन्नुले मुलकलाई ‘रामै्र’ गरेको छ, गर्दैछ । शान्ति प्रक्रिया तथा नयाँ संविधान लेखनको कार्यलाई गति दिने सवालमा बाबुराम सरकारले चुकाएको मूल्यको हिसाब भोलि पनि इतिहासमा हुनेछ । पछिल्लो समयमा राजनीतिक दलहरु बीच कायम भएका सात बुँदे सहमति र ६ बुँदे सहमतिले मुलुकलाई फलिफाबै होला । जसरी राज्य पुनःसंरचना आयोग गठन गर्ने र माओवादी लडाकुहरुको समायोजन तथा पुर्नस्थापना जस्ता टिल मुद्धामा जसरी मूर्त सहमति बन्यो त्यसले नेपाली राजनीतिमा व्याप्त गतिरोधका गाँठाहरुलाई फुकाइदिएको छ । आज शान्ति प्रक्रियामा जुन ‘ब्रेक थ्रु’ भएको छ त्यसले पनि बाबुरामलाई किर्तिमानी नै बनाएको छ । विगतका तीन वटा सरकारले गर्न नसकेका यी जटिल कामहरु बाबुराम सरकारले विस्तारै फत्ते गर्दैछ जसले जारी शान्ति प्रक्रियालाई टुङ्ग्याउने दिशातर्फ लगिरहेको छ । खराब रेकर्डहरका माझमा भएको यो प्रगतिले पनि बाबुरालाई जति प्रिय बनाएको छ त्यति नै उनका मन्त्रीहरुको हर्कतले उनलाई विस्तारै अप्रिय बनाउँदै लाने खतरा पनि उत्तिकै छ ।
किर्तिमान राम्रा कुराका रह्यो भने इतिहास सुन्दर बन्छ । खराब चिजहरुको किर्तिमान रहनु भनेको इतिहास बद्नाम हुनु हो । प्रधानमन्त्री बाबुराम भट्टराईका ऐतिहासिक किर्तिमानी कामहरु जति सम्झनायोग्य छन् त्यति नै रुपमा खराब ‘रिजल्ट’हरुको पनि किर्तिमानी कायम हुँदैछन् । यतिबेला ‘बाबुरामले भ्रष्टचारमा पनि ऐतिहासिकि किर्तिमान राख्ने भए’ भन्ने भय आम जनतामा छ, बाबुराम सरकारले यो भ्रम र भयलाई झुठ सावित गर्न सक्नुपर्दछ । यसका लागि थलिनेगरी राज्यलाई आर्थिक व्यायभार बोकाउने जम्बो मन्त्रमण्डल निर्माण, इतिहासकै खर्चिला चियापान कार्यक्रम आदिले बाहिर राम्रो सन्देस ल्याएको छैन् । धेरै काम राम्रा र ऐतिहासिक छन् । थोरै नै भए पनि बाहिर आएका एक÷दुई खराब कामले सबै राम्रालाई छोप्दैछ । यसका लागि बाबुराम स्वयं सचिच्न आवश्यक छ । ‘भ्रष्टचारमा शुन्य सहनशीलता’को नारालाई व्यावहरतः सार्थक तुल्याउन सक्नुपर्दछ बाबुराम सरकारले । पछिल्लो समयमा भ्रष्टचार मुद्धामा मुछिएका सिचाइ मन्त्री लगायतका मन्त्रीहरुका विषयमा प्रधानमन्त्रीले स्पष्ट जवाफ दिने बेला आएको छ ।

विकासे मन्त्रलायमा हुने वैधानिक–अवैधानिक घुस लेनदेन र भ्रष्टचारको माखेसाङ्लो तोड्न बाबुरामले पनि ‘ब्रेक थ्र’ु गर्न नसके अझै पनि भ्रष्टचारका नयाँ–नयाँ रेकर्डहरु कायम हुँदै जानेछन् । भ्रष्टचारी मन्त्रीहरुका सम्बन्धमा तत्काल छानबिन गरी ‘बोल्ड डिसीजन’ गरेर तत्काल कडा कदम नचाले सिचाइ मन्त्री जस्ता अरु मन्त्रीहरुको उत्ताउलो हर्कत अरु पनि देखिनेछन्

In recent years, Nepal has lost the glory it once enjoyed in the international arena for its endemic corruption and impunity. While the world is marking International Anti-Corruption Day, rising incidences of corruption raise fears that the country will become a failed state.
International graft watchdog Transparency International (TI) has indicated that both the government and the political parties have paid no heed to digging out the causes behind the growing corruption. TI ranked Nepal 146th out of 178 countries, three notches down from last year, in terms of transparency. Just two years ago, Nepal had ranked 121st on the anti-corruption scale. That’s enough to understand how corruption is thriving in Nepal.
Many blame political instability for the abuse of state funds, which is partly true; but there are other structural and cultural reasons. The major reasons behind the growing corruption are the government’s delay in appointing commissioners at

the Commission for Investigation of Abuse of Authority (CIAA) and in electing people’s representatives at the local bodies. The CIAA’s ability has been affected by the fact that, for more than a year, the agency has been without a chief commissioner and other commissioners.
The sole reason behind the government’s delay in appointing the commissioners is to enjoy easy access to the state coffers, thereby weakening the anti-graft body. Taking advantage of a weak anti-graft body, the prime minister, ministers and powerful political leaders have been misusing the state treasury to gratify their desires. When CIAA bureaucrats raise their eyebrows at the increasing corruption, the prime minister calls them to his office and tells them to keep quiet.
What a shame! Perhaps this is the first time ever in Nepal’s history that the head of government and ministers have grilled the acting chief of the constitutional anti-graft body for investigating corruption cases. Ministers are also following in his footsteps. They have been directing the CIAA secretary “not to investigate the cases filed against them, but to set them free to do whatever they like”.
The above mentioned picture is enough to understand increasing corruption. The absence of CIAA’s board has not only minimised its performance in curbing rampant corruption and irregularities but also rendered it weak and thus susceptible to threats from corrupt ministers
These are not false accusations against the prime minister, ministers and leaders of political parties, but real experiences the officials have shared with this scribe during informal talks. The CIAA’s delay in reaching a decision on the controversial Airbus purchase deal clearly shows the failure of the anti-graft body and interference by the government. Despite the CIAA’s clear conclusion that irregularities have taken place in the aircraft purchase deal and that a case should be filed in court, it has been withholding its decision for the last five months for no apparent reason.
News reports have suggested that the CIAA could not reach a decision following pressure from caretaker Prime Minister Madhav Kumar Nepal. The prime minister reportedly summoned secretary of the anti-graft body Bhagwati Kafle to his office and threatened him “not to make any decision against the deal”. Since Kafle received threats from the head of government, he now prefers to go on foreign junkets to attend international programmes to escape from the pressure.
Given the instances of threats in the absence of office chiefs, the CIAA has not made any decision on any of the high-profile corruption cases involving ministers, politicians and powerful officials. The CIAA has received lots of cases against ministers; but as of now, none of them have been prioritised for investigation. The media has reported that corruption cases have been filed against Women, Children and Social Welfare Minister Sarba Dev Ojha, Labour and Transport Management Minister Alam, Forest Minister Deepak Bohara, Energy Minister Prakash Sharan Mahat, Local Development Minister Purna Kumar Sharma and Health Minister Umakanta Chaudhary. Unfortunately, all these cases have been put on the backburner for over a year.
It’s not only the CIAA. The Office of the Auditor General (OGA), the regulatory body assigned to maintain financial discipline, is also facing a similar problem. The office has been running without an auditor general since the beginning of 2007. The absence of an auditor general has clearly freed rule breakers to act with impunity. The much-talked-about three-year Strategic Plan (2010-12) formulated for a better audit system and capacity building has come a cropper. We have seen that lots of statutory bodies are operating without a chief encouraging corruption to spread. The country’s growing corruption index may drop only when the anti-graft bodies get capable office bearers.
The second important task to stem the tide of corruption is electing people’s representatives to the local bodies. In the past fiscal year, the media confidently reported that a development budget of about Rs 6 billion allocated for the local bodies was misused just before the fiscal year ended (within a month). Later, the Ministry of Finance also confirmed that there had been corruption, but all the local bodies charged with misappropriation were allowed to go free. There is no mechanism to take action against guilty local leaders.
For the past few years, the government has been significantly increasing the budget for local bodies. In line with this trend, the government has allocated about Rs. 42 billion for local bodies. There is no doubt that this amount will also be misused in a similar way unless people’s representatives are elected to the local bodies. The country can still regain its clean image in the international arena. For this to happen, the government should end financial anarchy by appointing commissioners at the anti-graft body and elect people’s representatives at the earliest.

Introduction Of Nepal in my way with my Word

2011-12-01T08:36:00.001-08:00

Nepal is a land of extreme contrasts in climate and geography, It has a unique topography ranging from lowlands with sub-tropical jungles to arctic conditions in the Himalayan highlands. Within a mere 150 kilometers the land rises from near sea level in the south to over 8000 meters in the North. This, together with the monsoon rainfall along the south facing slopes, has resulted in compacting virtually all climate zones found on planet Earth. As a result, Nepal has been endowed with a great diversity of life-zones providing a home for a large variety of plants, birds and animals.

The Terai lowlands are defined by a belt of well-watered floodplains stretching from the Indian border northward to the first slopes of the Bhabhar and the Siwalik Range. This is the richest habitat in the land with tall grasslands interspersed with riverine and hardwood sal forest . Here one can see wildlife such as the swamp deer, musk deer, black buck, blue bull, the royal Bengal tiger, gharial and marsh mugger crocodile and the last of a breed of Asiatic wild buffalo. This area is also rich in birdlife with a variety of babbles and orioles, koels and drongos, peacocks and floricans, and a multitude of wintering wildfowl. There are five protected areas in Nepal - Koshi Tappu and Parsa in the east, Sukla Phanta and Dhorpatan for hunting in the west and Shivapuri in the. mid-mountain region. The Churia, also known as the. siwalik, is the southern most range of the Himalaya. No where do they rise above 1,220 meters, This range is famous for fossil deposits of Pleistocene mammals, among them 10 species of elephants, 6 rhinoceros, hippopotamus, saber-toothed cats, various antelopes and primates such as the orang-utan, long extinct in the subcontinent, Situated north of the Churia are broad, low valleys of the inner Terai know as the Doons. These valleys are not unlike the outer plains with tall elephant grass, swamps and ox-bow lakes where the last of the one-horned rhinoceros survive. Royal Chitwan National Park in the Inner Terai of central Nepal is the first and best protected area in the kingdom. Once one of the most famous big game hunting areas in Asia. Chitwan now offers protection to a large array of mammals such as the. one-horned rhinoceros, tiger, leopard, sloth bear and the gaur (wild bison) as well as more than 400 species of birds.

Higher in the north between 2000 and 3500 meters lies the Mahabharat Range with its oak crowned crests. The hills of this midland are covered by a moist temperate forest of deodar, oak, maple and birch in which are found deer, ghoral serow, leopard and monkey, The gorgeous multi-colored lmpeyan pheasant (Nepal's national bird) is also found here with other endangered birds like the koklas and Cheer Pheasants. Protected areas in this zone include Khapted National Park in the Far-West, Dhorpatan Hunting reserve, North-west of Pokhara and Shivapuri Wildlife Sanctuary near Kathmandu.

Higher still, nearer the snowline, are the alpine mountain flanks which are the haunt of snow leopard, which preys on blue sheep and the Himalayan tahr. Rarely seen are the wolf, black bears and lynx. The Sherpas, Manabga, and Dolpa-bas are some of those who farm and graze their livestock on the high mountain pastures. Langtang, Sagarmatha (Everest), Shey-Phoksundo and Rara National Parks are the protected high altitude areas of Nepal.

His Majesty's Government of Nepal has set aside more than 13,000 sq. kms of protected areas that include as many bio-geographic regions as possible to assure conservation of the maximum numbers of wildlife species. These nature sanctuaries attract wildlife enthusiasts and tourists from all over the world and each park and reserve has its own attraction.

All National Park and Conservation Area permits can be issued and paid for at the ACAP office in Thamel, Kathmandu. It is located in the basement of the Sanchaya Kosh Bhawan shopping centre on Tridevi Marg. Open 9am - 4pm, Monday to Friday. Remember to bring your passport along with you, as they require your details.

Trekking In Humla District Nepal

2011-11-27T01:44:00.000-08:00

Humla District(Nepali: हुम्ला जिल्ला Listen, a part of Karnali Zone, is one of the seventy-five districts of Nepal, a landlocked country of South Asia. The district, with Simikot as its district headquarters, covers an area of 5,655km² and has a population (2001) of 40,595.

The Northern part of Humla District is inhabited by Buddhists,originating from Tibet, whereas the South is mostly inhabited by Hindus.

The Nepal section of The Great Himalaya Trail ends in Humla at Hilsa at the border with Tibet. The Humla district an important part of ancient Buddhist religions and it holds a lot of histories, cultures and values of a typical Buddhist life.

With more than 10 small villages of Tibetan origin, Humla district is a very important and beautiful part of land not only for the Buddhist all around the world, but also for everyone who wants to learn about buddhist life and study the histories and cultures. The Nyin Community and the Limi Valley are inhabited by peaceful buddhist communities and they are blessed with very beautiful nature, with abundance of natural resources, varied flora and fauna, lots of mountain springs and very clean rivers and beautiful mountains and glacial lakes.

Hotel Yak and Yeti Nepal

2011-11-23T18:17:00.000-08:00

Hotel Yak and Yeti, is a premier five-star deluxe oasis in the heart of Kathmandu, Nepal. Modern day sophistication greets cultural heritage in the ample grounds of the 100-year-old palace and newly designed structure of the hotel. Find refuge among antique fountains, gilded temples and emerald gardens as you remain just moments away from all the shops and adventure of the Kathmandu city, located at Durbar Marg.

A 120-room hotel with 5 star amenities started it’s operation in 01st September, 1977. After a successful run of 12 years, the need was felt to enhance the hotel’s size and facilities.

Now an extension of 150 deluxe rooms and suites have been built (designed to harmonize with the special features of the Lal Durbar) to supplement the existing accommodation, bringing the total number of rooms available in the hotel to 270 rooms.

Along with the construction of the new (Durbar) wing, a brand new porte-cochere, lobby, a new lobby bar, shopping arcade, an atrium, a second swimming pool and two tennis courts have also been constructed, whilst the Café Restaurant has been extended and upgraded, along with the refurbishment of the existing guest room wing. Following this renovation program is the inclusion of a brand new Club Nirvana Fitness Center complete with state-of-the-art gymnasium and spa. Hotel Yak & Yeti has a comprehensive Business Centre and is the first hotel in Kathmandu offering a much sought after exclusive Executive floor and Club Shangri-La. Facilities on this floor include 24-hour butler service, a private lounge for breakfast and cocktails, a boardroom, and in-room outlets for fax machines and computers, which can be rented.

With the historic character of the hotel and the new and upgraded facilities, the Yak & Yeti will continue to be the city’s leading luxury business and leisure hotel. Although it is an ultra modern hotel, the traditional Nepali architectural features have been preserved.

Some of the display carved windows are more than 200 years old. It captures the old charm and style of Kathmandu, while providing the international quality standards of accommodation and dining facilities.

The embodiment of history, legend and tradition, the Hotel Yak and Yeti is a perfect blend of contemporary international standards and time-honored tradition. Explore Nepal's rich cultural heritage while finding solace in the luxurious comfort of this former Rana Palace.

Rest in the neo-classical Lal Durbar or Red Palace, built more than a century ago by the then Prime Minister Bir Shumshere Jung Bahadur Rana. A centerpiece of the Yak and Yeti's impressive hotel, the meticulously restored, Lal Durbar now houses two historic restaurants, banquet rooms, a grand ballroom and casino. Comfortably manicured rooms, striking Himalayan views, and its premier location make the Yak and Yeti an obvious destination for business and for travel.

Yak and Yeti History:

For many centuries, Nepal was cut off from the outside world. Initially it was ruled by the Mallas but dynastic squabbles allowed Prithivi Narayan Shah to establish his Kingdom in Kathmandu. However during his tenure, a young army general, Jung Bahadur Rana usurped power from the monarchy and established himself as the Prime Minister, with the title of Maharaja and powers superior to those of the sovereign. The Rana regime lasted for 104 years (1846-1951) and contributed to the country's ornate neo-classical palaces replete with a grandeur lifestyle accumulated during Jung Bahadur's travels abroad.

In the year 1885 A.D, Bir Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana, one of the most distinguished of the powerful Rana Maharajas and a renowned builder and musician, built the most elegant palace theatre in Kathmandu. The discreet boxes set in a fantasy of Nepalese neo-romantic plastic work, gilt mirrors, red velvet and marble were imported from Italy and transported on porters' back from India. The sunburst chandeliers were constructed locally from long abandoned crates of imported crystal. A former British Ambassador's lady painted the charming murals on the ceiling.

Kathmandu retains its architectural reminders of the Rana period scattered throughout the city. One of them is the Red Palace or Lal Durbar, situated in the heart of the city, minutes walk from Durbar Marg. It should come as no surprise that in the legendary valley of Kathmandu, there should exist a Restaurant with legends as tall as Mt. Everest. This Restaurant, The Yak & Yeti, was founded by Boris Lissanevitch, who came to Kathmandu from Russia via the Russian Army, Dlaghllev's Ballets Russes, the Opera Monte Carlo, a cabaret stint in Shanghai, and the Club called The 300, that brightened Calcutta before and during the years of World War II - a club where Maharajas outnumbered ordinary members and where the impossible always happened. Kathmandu had then just opened its gates to outsiders when Boris arrived to set up the country's first Western-type hotel in a very opulent, very Nepalese-type palace and welcomed the first batch of foreign tourists to visit the "Forbidden Kingdom".

Since the Restaurant built by Borris - The Chimney was a big success, the idea of building a Hotel was conceived in the early seventies. A 120-room hotel with 5 star amenities was completed in the year 1977. After a successful run of 12 years, the need was felt to enhance the hotel's size and facilities.

Now an extension of 150 deluxe rooms and suites have been built (designed to harmonize with the special features of the Lal Durbar) to supplement the existing accommodation, bringing the total number of rooms available in the hotel to 270 rooms.

With the historic character of the hotel and the new and upgraded facilities, the Yak & Yeti will continue to be the city's leading luxury business and leisure hotel. Although it is an ultra modern hotel, the traditional Nepali architectural features have been preserved. Some of the display carved windows are more than 200 years old. It captures the old charm and style of Kathmandu, while providing the international quality standards of accommodation and dining facilities. Clearly there is no hotel in Kathmandu that blends International service style to the grand Nepalese tradition better than the Yak & Yeti.

Muktinath Nepal

2011-11-20T08:43:00.000-08:00

Muktinath is a sacred place both for Hindus and Buddhists located in Muktinath Valley at an altitude of 3,710 meters at the foot of the Thorong La mountain pass (part of the Himalayas),Mustang district, Nepal. The site is close to the village of Ranipauwa, which sometimes mistakenly is called Muktinath as well.

The Hindus call the sacred place Mukti Kshetra, which literally means the "place of salvation". Mainly the temple is with a predominant Sri Vaishnava origin and worshipped by Buddhists. This temple is considered to be the 105th among the available 108 Divya Desam. The ancient name of this place, before Buddhist origin is known as Thiru Saligramam. This houses theSaligrama sila considered to be the naturally available form of Sriman Narayana The Hindu God HEAD. It is also one of the 51 Sakthi peetams. The Buddhists call it Chumig Gyatsa, which in Tibetan means 'Hundred Waters'.

For Tibetan Buddhists, Muktinath-Chumig Gyatsa is a very important place of Dakinis, goddesses known as Sky Dancers and one of the 24Tantric places. They understand the murti to be a manifestation of Avalokitesvara.

The central shrine of Sri Muktinath, predominant among all 108 Hindu SriVaishnava Divyadesam is considered one of the eight most sacred shrines for Hindu Vaishnavas known as Svayam Vyakta Ksetras, the other seven being Srirangam, Srimushnam, Tirupati, Naimisharanya, Totadri, Pushkar and Badrinath. The temple is very small. Muktinath is one of the most ancient Hindu temples of God Vishnu. The murti is of gold and is tall enough to compare with a man. The prakaram(outer courtyard) has 108 bull faces through which water is poured. It is of freezing temperature.

The sacred water that flows in 108 pipes around the temple complex denote all sacred Pushkarini waters (Temple Tanks) from all 108 Sri Vaishnava Divya Desams including Srirangam, Tirumala, Vaikunta, where the devotees take their sacred bath even in the freezing temperatures. There is an old Buddhist monk present in the temple. The worship is conducted by Buddhist nuns.

The Tibetan Buddhist tradition states that for this reason Guru Rinpoche, also known as Padmasambhava, the founder of Tibetan Buddhism, had meditated at Muktinath on his way to Tibet. This temple is praised by many saints of Hindu tradition. The scripts narrating the importance of this temple is available in Vishnu Purana with the Gantaki Mahathmya.

The waterway downstream from Muktinath along Kali Gandaki is the source of all Silas or Shaligrams that are required to establish a temple of Vishnu anywhere in the world. It is considered to be one of the holiest places of pilgrimage of Hindus, Buddhists, and Vaishnavas. It has 108 water springs and this number carries great significance in Eastern philosophy.

In Hindu astrology, there are 12 zodiac or Rashi and 9 planets or Graha, giving a total of 108 combination. Also there are 27 Lunar mansions or Nakshatras which are divided in 4 quarters or Padas each giving a combination of 108 Padas in total.

Makalu Barun National Park (Nepal)

2011-11-12T09:04:00.000-08:00

Makalu Barun National Park is the eighth national park in the Himalayas of Nepal and was established in 1992 as eastern extension of the Sagarmatha National Park. Covering an area of 1,500 km² (580 sq mi) in the districts of Solukhumbu and Sankhuwasabha it is the world's only protected area with an elevation gain of more than 8,000 m (26,000 ft) enclosing tropical forest as well as snow-capped peaks.

The northern border of the national park coincides with the international border to the Tibet Autonomous Region. Adjacent to the southern and southeastern border is the bufferzone Makalu Barun Conservation Area covering an area of 830 km² (320 sq mi).

The rugged summits of Makalu, with 8,463 m (27,766 ft) the fifth highest mountain of the world, Chamalang (7,319 m (24,012 ft)), Baruntse(7,129 m (23,389 ft)) and Mera (6,654 m (21,831 ft)) are included in the national park. The protected area extends to about 66 km (41 mi) from west to east and to about 44 km (27 mi) from north to south. From the Arun river valley in the southeast, located at 344–377 m (1,129–1,237 ft) above sea level, elevation gains about 8,025 m (26,329 ft) to the peak of Makalu.

The idea of preserving the unique biological and cultural features of the Makalu Barun area was already conceived in the mid-1980s. The management plans accomplished in 1990 also addressed the issue of protecting the upper watershed of the Arun River. In 1991 Makalu Barun National Park was gazetted. When in 1999 the bufferzone was declared, the park was the first to include an adjacent inhabited conservation area. About 35,000 people reside in 12 Village Development Committees, who are primarily subsistence farmers of Sherpa, Rai, Gurung, Tamang, Magar, Newar,Brahmin and Chhetri ethnic groups.

Both national park and conservation area are administered by the Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation. An innovative park management approach encourages local people to become actively involved in conserving their rich cultural heritage and protecting forests and natural resources, upon which their lives depend.

The inaccessible valleys of the Barun River, glacier-fed tributary to the Arun River, and of its tributary Saldima, treasure some of the last remaining pristine forests and alpine meadows. They have been designated as a Strict Nature Reserve, the first in Nepal, in order to protect natural ecosystems and processes in an undisturbed state for scientific study, environmental monitoring, education and the maintenance of genetic resources.

Climate and Vegetation:

The park is located in the eastern climatic zone of the Himalayas, where monsoon already starts in June and eases off in late September. During these months about 70% of the annual precipitation of 4,000 mm (160 in) falls. The first monsoon clouds reach the area already in April. Temperatures vary greatly due to the extreme difference in altitude in the entire area. Lower elevations are temperate throughout winter and hot during April and May.

The Makalu Barun National Park exhibits a high diversity of forest types that are characteristic for the Eastern Himalayas, ranging from near-tropicaldipterocarp monsoon forest on 400 m (1,300 ft) altitude to subalpine conifer stands on 4,000 m (13,000 ft) altitude. Forest aspects vary depending on seasonal moisture availability, temperature and snow cover at different elevations and slopes. Forests below 2,000 m (6,600 ft) are strongly affected by subsistence agriculture, so that only some ecologically significant stands remain there. Above 2,000 m (6,600 ft) forests are usually extensive since the cool, humid climate suppresses agricultural activity.
Forests span five bioclimatic zones:

Tropical – below 1,000 m (3,300 ft) with stands of Sal;
Subtropical - Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests from 1,000 to 2,000 m (3,300 to 6,600 ft) with stands of Schima and Castanopsis;
Lower and upper temperate - Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests from 2,000 to 3,000 m (6,600 to 9,800 ft) with predominantly broadleaf evergreen species of Oak and Laurel families and broadleaf deciduous stands of Maple and Magnolia;
Subalpine - Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests from 3,000 to 4,000 m (9,800 to 13,000 ft) with stands of Himalayan Birch and East Himalayan Fir; along a transect from outer, southern slopes to the inner valleys these stands are dominated by conifers such as Juniper and Fir.

On alpine pastures above 4,000 m (13,000 ft) - Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows - the religiously important dwarf rhododendron and juniper, aromatic herbs and delicate wildflowers prosper.

Botanists recorded 3,128 species of flowering plants, including 25 of Nepal's 30 varieties of rhododendron, 48 primroses, 47 orchids, 19 bamboos, 15 oaks, 86 fodder trees and 67 economically valuable aromatic and medicinal plants.

The protected area is habitat for a wide diversity of faunal species. There are 315 species of butterflies, 43 species of reptile and 16 species of amphibians. 78 species of fish inhabit the many ponds, lakes and rivers.Ornithologists have recorded 440 bird species, ranging from eagles and other raptors to white-necked storks and brilliantly colored sunbirds. The 16 rare or protected bird species include the rose-ringed parakeet, Blyth’s kingfisher, deep-blue kingfisher,blue-naped pitta, pale blue flycatcher, Sultan tit, silver-eared mesia and the white-naped yuhina.

The 88 species of mammals include snow leopard, leopard, clouded leopard, jungle cat, leopard cat, jackal, Himalayan Wolf, red fox, red panda, black bear,Hanuman langur, Assam macaque, Himalayan tahr, Himalayan goral, muntjak, musk deer, barking deer, Himalayan serow, wild boar, flying squirrel, otters,spotted linsang, weasel and marmot.In May 2009 zoologists obtained the first image of an Asian golden cat at an altitude of 2517 m.

Sagarmatha National Park (Nepal)

2011-11-12T08:34:00.000-08:00

Sagarmāthā National Park is a protected area in the Himalayas of eastern Nepal containing the southern half of Mount Everest. The park was created on July 19, 1976 and was inscribed as a Natural World Heritage Site in 1979. Sagarmāthā is a Sanskrit word, from sagar = "sky" (not to be confused with "sea/ocean") and māthā = "forehead" or "head", and is the modern Nepali name for Mount Everest.

The park encompasses an area of 1,148 km² (443 sq mi) in the Solukhumbu District and ranges in elevation from 2,845 m (9,334 ft) at Jorsalle to 8,848 m (29,029 ft) at the summit of Mount Everest. Barren land above 5,000 m (16,000 ft) comprises 69% of the park while 28% is grazing land and the remaining 3% is forested. Most of the park area is very rugged and steep, with its terrain cut by deep rivers and glaciers. Unlike other parks, this park can be divided into four climate zones because of the rising altitude. The climatic zones include a forested lower zone, a zone of alpine scrub, the upper alpine zone which includes upper limit of vegetation growth, and the Arctic zone where no plants can grow. The types of plants and animals that are found in the park depend on the altitude. The park contains the upper watershed of the Dudh Kosi river basin system.

The park's visitor centre is located at the top of a hill in Namche Bazaar, also where a company of the Nepal Army is stationed for protecting the park. The park's southern entrance is a few hundred metres north of Monzo at 2,835 m (9,301 ft), a one day hike from Lukla

In the lower forested zone, birch, juniper, blue pines, firs, bamboo and rhododendron grow. Above this zone all vegetation are found to be dwarf or shrubs. As the altitude increases, plant life is restricted to lichens and mosses. Plants cease to grow at about 5,750 m (18,860 ft), because this is the permanent snow line in the Himalayas.

Forests of pine and hemlock cover the lower elevations of the national park. At elevations of around 3,500 m (11,500 ft) and above, forests of silver fir, birch, rhododendron and juniper trees are found. The forests provide habitat to at least 118 species of birds, including Himalayan Monal, Blood pheasant, Red-billed chough, and yellow-billed chough. Sagarmāthā National Park is also home to a number of rare mammal species, includingmusk deer, snow leopard, Himalayan black bear and red panda. Himalayan thars, langur monkeys, martens and Himalayan wolves are also found in the park.

The partial pressure of oxygen falls with altitude. Therefore, the animals that are found here are adapted to living on less oxygen and cold temperatures. They have thick coats to retain body heat. Some of them have shortened limbs to prevent loss of body heat. The Himalayan bears go into hibernation in caves during the winter when there is no food available..

Ilam district (Nepal)

2011-11-12T07:25:00.000-08:00

Ilam district(Nepali: इलाम जिल्ला) a part of Mechi Zone, is one of the seventy-five districts of Nepal, a landlocked country of South Asia. The district, with the town of Ilam as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,703 km² and has a population (2001) of 282,806.

It is about 600 km from Kathmandu. The highest point is Sandakpur with an elevation of 3000m. Ilam attracts many researchers who come to study rare birds and the Red Panda. Ilam stretches from the Terai belt to the upper hilly belt of this Himalayan nation.

The name Ilam is derived from the Limbu language in which "Ii" means twisted and "Lam" means road. Ilam was one of the ten self ruling states of Limbuwan before the unification of Nepal, its ruler King Hangshu Phuba Lingdom of Lingdom dynasty ruled Ilam as a confederate state of Limbuwan until 1813 AD.

The treaty between the other Limbuwan states and the King of Gorkha (Gorkha-Limbuwan Treaty of 1774 AD) and the conflict of Gorkha andSikkim led to the unification of Ilam with Gorkha. Ilam was the last of the ten kingdoms of Limbuwan to join the union of Nepal. The King of Gorkha gave the ruler of Ilam full autonomy to rule and the right of Kipat. Ilam was an independent Limbu kingdom until 1813 CE/1869 BS.

Ilam is a today one of the most developed places in Nepal. Its ILAM TEA is very famous and is exported to many parts of Europe. The main source of income in this district is tea, cardamom, milk, ginger and potato.

This place also has a religious importance. The devi temples have a great importance attached to them and many people come here just for pilgrimage.

The major attraction of Ilam is the 9-cornered Mai Pokhari lake. Also known as the abode of the goddess lots of tourists as well as Nepalese people come to visit this lake. Mai river and its four tributaries also emerge in Ilam district. The famous Mane Bhanjyang (Mane pass) connects Ilam with Darjeeling district of West Bengal, India.

Ilam was much in the news in the past during the Maoist insurgency, from here the Maoists launched massive attacks frequently.

Tourists going to Ilam can expect to pay around 1000 rupees a week for accommodation and food.

Mt. Machapuchare

2011-11-12T02:00:00.000-08:00

Machapuchare or Machhapuchhre (माछापुछ्रे) Lit. "Fish Tail" in English, is a mountain in the Annapurna Himal of north central Nepal. It is revered by the local population as particularly sacred to the god Shiva, and hence is off limits to climbing.

Machhapuchhre is at the end of a long spur ridge, coming south out of the main backbone of the Annapurna Himal, that forms the eastern boundary of the Annapurna Sanctuary. (The Sanctuary is a favorite trekking destination, and the site of the base camps for the South Face of Annapurna and for numerous smaller objectives.) The peak is about 25 km north of Pokhara, the main town of the region.

Due to its southern position in the range, and the particularly low terrain that lies south of the Annapurna Himal,Machapuchare commands tremendous vertical relief in a short horizontal distance. This, combined with its steep, pointed profile, make it a particularly striking peak, despite a lower elevation than some of its neighbors. Its double summit resembles the tail of a fish, hence the name meaning "Fish's Tail" in Nepali language It is also nicknamed the "Matterhorn of Nepal".

Machapuchare has never been climbed to its summit. The only attempt was in 1957 by a British team led by Jimmy Roberts. Climbers Wilfrid Noyce and A. D. M. Cox climbed to within 50 m of the summit via the north ridge, but did not complete the ascent; they had promised not to set foot on the actual summit. Since then, the mountain has been declared sacred, and it is now forbidden to climbers.

Chitwan National Park Nepal

2011-11-11T00:11:00.000-08:00

Chitwan National Park is the first national park in Nepal. Formerly called Royal Chitwan National Park it was established in 1973 and granted the status of a World Heritage Site in 1984. It covers an area of 932 km² (360 sq mi) and is located in the subtropical Inner Terai lowlands of south-central Nepal in the Chitwan District. In altitude it ranges from about 100 metres (330 ft) in the river valleys to 815 metres (2,674 ft) in the Churia Hills.

In the north and west of the protected area the Narayani-Rapti river system forms a natural boundary to human settlements. Adjacent to the east of Chitwan National Park is Parsa Wildlife Reserve, contiguous in the south is the Indian Tiger Reserve Valmiki National Park. The coherent protected area of 2,075 km² (801 sq mi) represents the Tiger Conservation Unit (TCU) Chitwan-Parsa-Valmiki, which covers a 3,549 km² (1,370 sq mi) huge block of alluvial grasslands and subtropical moist deciduous forests.

History:

Since the end of the 19th century Chitwan - Heart of the Jungle – used to be a favorite hunting ground for Nepal’s ruling class during the winter seasons. Until the 1950s, the journey from Kathmandu to Nepal’s South was arduous as the area could only be reached by foot. Thus, in an area known as Four Mile Forest (चार कोसे झाडी) comfortable camps were set up for the feudal big game hunters and their entourage, where they stayed for a couple of months shooting hundreds of tigers, rhinocerosses, leopards and sloth bears.

In 1950, Chitwan’s forest and grasslands extended over more than 2,600 km² (1,000 sq mi) and was home to about 800 rhinos. When poor farmers from the mid-hills moved to the Chitwan Valley in search of arable land, the area was subsequently opened for settlement, and poaching of wildlife became rampant. In 1957, the country's first conservation law inured to the protection of rhinos and their habitat. In 1959, Edward

Pritchard Geeundertook a survey of the area, recommended creation of a protected area north of the Rapti River and of a wildlife sanctuary south of the river for a trial period of ten years. After his subsequent survey of Chitwan in 1963, this time for both the Fauna Preservation Society and the International Union for Conservation of Nature, he recommended extension of the sanctuary to the south.

By the end of the 1960s, 70% of Chitwan’s jungles were cleared using DDT, thousands of people had settled there, and only 95 rhinos remained. The dramatic decline of the rhino population and the extent of poaching prompted the government to institute the Gaida Gasti – a rhino reconnaissance patrol of 130 armed men and a network of guard posts all over Chitwan. To prevent the extinction of rhinos the Chitwan National Park was gazetted in December 1970, with borders delineated the following year and established in 1973, initially encompassing an area of 544 km² (210 sq mi).

In 1977, the park was enlarged to its present area of 932 km² (360 sq mi). In 1997, a bufferzone of 766.1 km² (295.8 sq mi) was added to the north and west of the Narayani-Rapti river system, and between the south-eastern boundary of the park and the international border to India.

The park’s headquarter is located in Kasara. Close-by the Gharial and Turtle Conservation Breeding Centres have been established. In 2008, a Vulture breeding centre was inaugurated aiming at holding up to 25 pairs of each of the two Gyps vultures species now critically endangered in Nepal - the Oriental white-backed vulture and the slender-billed vulture.

Climate In Chitwan National Park:

The area is located in the central climatic zone of the Himalayas, where monsoon starts in mid June and eases off in late September. During these 14–15 weeks most of the 2,500 mm yearly precipitation falls – it is pouring with rain. After mid-October the monsoon clouds have retreated, humidity drops off, and the top daily temperature gradually subsides from ±36°C / 96.8 °F to ±18°C / 64.4 °F. Nights are cooling down to 5°C / 41.0 °F until late December, when it usually rains softly for a few days. Then temperatures are rising gradually.

Vegetation:

The typical vegetation of the Inner Terai is Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests with predominantly Sal trees covering about 70% of the national park area. Purest stands of sal occur on well drained lowland ground in the centre. Along the southern face of the Churia Hills sal is interspersed with chir pine (Pinus roxburghii). On northern slopes sal associates with smaller flowering tree and shrub species such as Beleric (Terminalia bellirica), Indian Rosewood (Dalbergia sissoo), Axlewood (Anogeissus latifolia), Elephant Apple (Dillenia indica), Grey Downy Balsam (Garuga pinnata) and creepers such as Bauhinia vahlii and Spatholobus parviflorus.

Seasonal bushfires, flooding and erosion evoke an ever-changing mosaic of riverine forest and grasslands along the river banks. On recently depositedalluvium and in lowland areas groups of Catechu (Acacia catechu) with Indian Rosewood (Dalbergia sissoo) predominate, followed by groups of Kapok (Bombax ceiba) with Rhino Apple trees (Trewia nudiflora), the fruits of which rhinos savour so much.Understorey shrubs of Velvety beautyberry (Callicarpa macrophylla), Hill Glory Bower (Clerodendrum sp.) and Indian gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica) offer shelter and lair to a wide variety of species.

Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands cover about 20% of the park’s area. More than 50 species are found here including some of the world’s tallest grasses like the elephant grass called Saccharum ravennae, Giant cane (Arundo donax), Khagra reed (Phragmites karka) and several species of true grasses. Kans grass (Saccharum spontaneum) is one of the first grasses to colonise new sandbanks and to be washed away by the yearly monsoon floods.

Fauna In Chitwan National Park:

The wide range of vegetation types in the Chitwan National Park is haunt of more than 700 species of wildlife and a not yet fully surveyed number of butterfly,moth and insect species. Apart from King Cobra and Indian rock python, 17 other species of snakes, Indian starred tortoise and monitor lizards occur. The Narayani-Rapti river system, their small tributaries and myriads of oxbow lakes is habitat for 113 recorded species of fish and mugger crocodiles.
In the early 1950s, about 235 gharials occurred in the Narayani River. The population has dramatically declined to only 38 wild gharials in 2003. Every year gharial eggs are collected along the rivers to be hatched in the breeding center of the Gharial Conservation Project, where animals are reared to an age of 6–9 years. Every year young gharials are reintroduced into the Narayani-Rapti river system, of which sadly only very few survive.

Mammals In Chitwan National Park:

The Chitwan National Park is home to at least 43 species of mammals. The „King of the Jungle“ is the Bengal Tiger. The alluvial floodplain habitat of the Terai is one of the best tiger habitats anywhere in the world. Since the establishment of Chitwan National Park the initially small population of about 25 individuals has increased to 70–110 in 1980. In some years this population has declined due to poaching and floods. In a long-term study carried out from 1995–2002 tiger researchers identified a relative abundance of 82 breeding tigers and a density of 6 females per 100 km².
Leopards are most prevalent on the peripheries of the park. They co-exist with tigers, but being socially subordinate are not common in prime tiger habitat.In 1988, a clouded leopard was captured and radio-collared outside the protected area, and released into the park but did not stay.

Other felids reported from the protected area comprise fishing cat, jungle cat, leopard cat, and the rare marbled cat. Chitwan is considered to have the highest population density of sloth bears with an estimated 200 to 250 individuals. Smooth-coated otters inhabit the numerous creeks and rivulets. Golden jackals are common. Bengal foxes, Spotted linsangs, palm civets, Large and Small Indian civets, several species of

mongoose, honey badgers and yellow-throated martens roam the jungle for prey. Indian wild dogs are rare. Striped hyenas prevail on the southern slopes of the Churia Hills.From time to time wild elephant bulls find their way from Valmiki National Park into the valleys of the park, apparently in search of elephant cows willing to be seduced.Rhinoceros: since 1973 the population has recovered well and increased to 544 animals around the turn of the century. To ensure the survival of theendangered species in case of epidemics animals are translocated annually from Chitwan to the Bardia National Park and the Sukla Phanta Wildlife Reservesince 1986. However, the population has repeatedly been jeopardized by poaching: in 2002 alone, poachers have killed 37 animals cruelly in order to saw off and sell their valuable horns.

Gaurs spend most of the year in the less accessible Churia Hills in the south of the national park. But when the bush fires ease off in springtime and lush grasses start growing up again, they descend into the grassland and riverine forests to graze and browse. The Chitwan population of the world's largest wild cattle species has increased from 188 to 296 animals in the years 1997 to 2007.

Apart from numerous wild boars also sambar deer, Indian muntjac, hog deer and herds of chital inhabit the park. Four-horned antelopes reside predominantly in the hills. Rhesus monkeys, hanuman langurs, Indian pangolins, Indian porcupines, several species of flying squirrels, black-naped hares and endangeredhispid hares are also presen.

Birds In Chitwan National Park:

Every year dedicated bird watchers and conservationists survey bird species occurring all over the country. In 2006 they recorded 543 species in the Chitwan National Park, much more than in any other protected area in Nepal and about two-thirds of Nepal's globally threatened species. Additionally, 20 black-chinned yuhina, a pair of Gould's sunbird, a pair of blossom-headed parakeet and one slaty-breasted rail, an uncommon winter visitor, were sighted in spring 2008.

Especially the park’s alluvial grasslands are important habitats for the critically endangered Bengal florican, the vulnerable lesser adjutant, grey-crowned prinia, swamp francolin and several species of grass warblers. In 2005 more than 200 slender-billed babblers were sighted in 3 different grassland types.The near threatened Oriental darter is a resident breeder around the many lakes, where also egrets, bitterns, storks and kingfisher abound.

The park is one of the few known breeding sites of the globally threatened Indian spotted eagle.
Peafowl and jungle fowl scratch their living on the forest floor.

Apart from the resident birds about 160 migrating and vagrant species arrive in Chitwan in autumn from northern latitudes to spend the winter here, among them the Greater Spotted Eagle, Eastern Imperial Eagle and Pallas's Fish-eagle. Common sightings include Brahminy ducks and goosanders. Large flocks of bar-headed geese just rest for a few days in February on their way north.

As soon as the winter visitors have left in spring, the summer visitors arrive from southern latitudes. The calls of Indian cuckoos herald the start of spring. The colourful Bengal Pittas and several sunbird species are common breeding visitors during monsoon. Among the many flycatcher species the Paradise flycatcher with his long undulating tail in flight is a spectacular sight.

Mount Everest Nepal

2011-11-10T23:07:00.000-08:00

The Mount Everest is the largest and highest mountain in the world. Mount Everest is in the Himalayas. It is about 8,848 metres (29,029 feet) high.

Its peak is on the border between Nepal and Tibet. It is above the Death Zone where the air is too thin for a human being, so usually supplemental, or extra, oxygen is used when climbing. The Death Zone refers to the parts of Mount Everest that are above 25,000 ft above sea level.
Two other mountains also can be named as "highest" mountains - the volcano Mauna Kea on Hawaii island is the highest mountain counted from the base underwater to the summit - more than 11 kilometres, and the summit of the Chimborazo is the fixed point on Earth which has the utmost distance from the center - because of the modified ball shape of the planet Earth which is "thicker" around the Equator than measured around the poles.

History:

A survey of India in 1856 recorded Everest. It was called Peak XV. This first published height was 8,840 metres (29,003 feet). Everest was given its official English name in 1865 by the Royal Geographical Society.

On June 8th, 1924, George Leigh Mallory and climbing partner Andrew Irvine made an attempt on the summit of Mount Everest. They disappeared into the fog and were never seen again until Mallory's body was found by Conrad Anker in 1999. To this day, no one is sure whether or not Mallory and Irvine made it to the summit before dying, 29 years before the next climbers would reach the summit.

Mount Everest was climbed first in May 1953 by the Sherpa Tenzing Norgay and the New Zealander Sir Edmund Hillary after 31 years of British trials to get a man on top - the exploration of the Everest region started 1921 and first realistic try to go on top was 1922.

Mt. Annapurna NEPAL

2011-11-10T19:45:00.000-08:00

Annapurna (Sanskrit, Nepali, Nepal Bhasa: अन्नपूर्णा) is a section of the Himalayas in north-central Nepal that includes 8,091 metres (26,545 ft) Annapurna I, thirteen additional peaks over 7,000 m (22,970 ft) and 16 more over 6,000 m (19,690 ft).This section is a 55 km (34 mi)-long massif. Annapurna I is tenth among Earth's fourteen eight-thousanders. It rises east of the Kali Gandaki Gorge separating it from Dhaulagiri massif. 8167 metre Dhaulagiri I is 34 km to the west and the gorge between is considered Earth's deepest.

Annapurna is a Sanskrit name which literally means "full of food" (feminine form), but is normally translated as Goddess of the Harvests. In Hinduism, Annapurna is "the universal and timeless kitchen-goddess . . . the mother who feeds. Without her there is starvation, a universal fear: this makes Annapurna a universal goddess. . . . Her most popular shrine is located in Kashi, on the banks of the river Ganga." Her association with the giving of food (wealth) led her in time to be transformed into Lakshmi, the Goddess of Wealth.

The entire massif and surrounding area are protected within the 7,629 km² Annapurna Conservation Area, the first and largest conservation area in Nepal. The Annapurna Conservation Area is home to several world-class treks, including the Annapurna Circuit.

The Annapurna peaks are the world's most dangerous mountains to climb although, from figures since 1990, Kangchenjunga surpasses Annapurna's death rate.As of 2007, there had been 153 summit ascents of Annapurna I, and 58 climbing fatalities on the mountain.This fatality to summit ratio (38%) is the highest of any of the eight-thousanders. In particular, the ascent via the south face is considered the most difficult of all climbs.

Geography:

The Annapurna massif contains six major peaks over 7,200 m (23,620 ft):

Annapurna I	8,091 m	(26,545 ft) Ranked 10th; Prominence=2,984 m	28.595°N 83.819°E
Annapurna II	7,937 m	(26,040 ft) Ranked 16th; Prominence=2,437 m	28.539°N 84.137°E
Annapurna III	7,555 m	(24,786 ft) Ranked 42nd; Prominence=703 m	28.585°N 84.000°E
Annapurna IV	7,525 m	(24,688 ft)	28.539°N 84.087°E
Gangapurna	7,455 m	(24,457 ft) Ranked 59th; Prominence=563 m	28.606°N 83.965°E
Climbing expeditions: Annapurna I was the first 8,000-metre (26,200 ft) peak to be climbed. Maurice Herzog and Louis Lachenal, of a French expedition led byMaurice Herzog (including Lionel Terray, Gaston Rébuffat, Marcel Ichac, Jean Couzy, Marcel Schatz, Jacques Oudot, Francis de Noyelle), reached the summit on 3 June 1950.(See the documentary of the expedition "Victoire sur l'Annapurna" by Marcel Ichac). Its summit was the highest summit attained on Earth for three years, until the first successful ascent of Mount Everest. (However, higher non-summit points—at least 8,500 metres (27,900 ft)—had already been attained on Everest in the 1920s.) The south face of Annapurna was first climbed in 1970 by Don Whillans and Dougal Haston, members of a British expedition led by Chris Bonington which included the alpinist Ian Clough, who was killed by a falling serac during the descent. They were, however, beaten to the second ascent of Annapurna by a matter of days by a British Army expedition led by Henry Day.. In 1978, The American Women's Himalayan Expedition, a team led by Arlene Blum, became the first American team to climb Annapurna I. The first summit team, comprising Vera Komarkova and Irene Miller and Sherpas Mingma Tsering and Chewang Ringjing, reached the top at 3:30 p.m. on October 15, 1978. The second summit team, Alison Chadwick-Onyszkiewicz and Vera Watson, died during this climb. On 3 February 1987, Polish climbers Jerzy Kukuczka and Artur Hajzer made the first winter ascent of Annapurna I. Annapurna I holds the highest fatality rate among all 14 eight-thousanders although, for figures since 1990, Kanchenjunga has a higher death rate. As of 2005, there have been only 103 successful summit attempts, and 56 lives have been lost on the mountain, many to the avalanches for which it is known. Climbers killed on the peak include famed Russian climber Anatoli Boukreev in 1997, Christian Kuntner in 2005 and Iñaki Ochoa in 2008. The first solo climb was October 2007 on the South Face by Slovenian climber Tomaž Humar. On April 27, 2010, Oh Eun-Sun, a South Korean climber, may have become the first woman to ascend the world's 14 highest mountains by climbing the Annapurna with no oxygen.However, her claim to have climbed all 14 is currently treated as disputed by influential record keeper Elizabeth Hawley pending further investigation. Trekking: The Annapurna Conservation Area is a well known trekking region. There are three major trekking routes in the Annapurna region: the Jomson Trek toJomsom and Muktinath (increasingly disturbed by a road-building project); theAnnapurna Sanctuary route to Annapurna base camp; and the Annapurna Circuit, which circles the Annapurna Himal itself and includes the Jomsom route.The town of Pokhara usually serves as a starting point for these treks, and is also a good starting place for other short treks of one to four days, such as routes to Ghorepani or Ghandruk. The Mustang district, a former kingdom bordering Tibet, is also geographically a part of the Annapurna region, but treks to upper Mustang are subject to special restrictions. About two-thirds of all trekkers in Nepal visit the Annapurna region. The area is easily accessible, guest houses in the hills are plentiful, and treks here offer incredibly diverse scenery, with both high mountains and lowland villages. Also, because the entire area is inhabited, trekking in the region offers unique cultural exposure and experience.

Tilicho Lake NEPAL

2011-11-10T19:17:00.000-08:00

Tilicho lake is one of the highest lakes in the world.It is 4,949 m high in the Annapurna range of the Himalayas in Manang district of Nepal.Another source lists Lake Tilicho as being 4,919 meters high (16,138 feet).

Mountain lakes are known to geographers as tarns if they are caused by glacial activity. Tarns are found mostly in the upper reaches of the Himalaya, above 5,500 metres.Due to the extremely inhospitable surrounding terrain and the difficulties associated with reaching the area, this lake is rarely visited by outsiders.

It was also the site of one of the highest ever altitude scuba dives. A Russian diving team consisting of Andrei Andryushin, Denis Bakin and Maxim Gresko conducted a scuba dive in the lake in 2000.

Trekkers attempting the Annapurna Circuit route usually cross the watershed between Manang and Kali Kandaki valleys over the 5414 meters highThorong La pass. The alternate route skirting Tilicho Lake from the north has been gaining popularity. This route is more demanding and requires at least one night of camping. New lodges have been built between Manang and the lake, but there are no teahouses or lodges past the Tilicho BC lodge some kilometers east of the lake and the next village of Thini Gaon in the Kali Kandaki valley. Most groups spend two nights between these places. There are two passes leading to Thini Gaon and Jomsom; Mesokanto La and Tilicho North pass known also as Tilicho "Tourist pass". These routes via Tilicho Lake are more often closed by snow than the higher Thorong La.

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Mt. Annapurna NEPAL

Geography:

Climbing expeditions:

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Tilicho Lake NEPAL