<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:blogger='http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185</id><updated>2026-06-17T08:41:31.070-07:00</updated><category term="鐵路相關"/><category term="Quantum GIS"/><category term="淨零碳排"/><category term="非線性力學"/><category term="SQL"/><category term="土木技師&#xa;測量學"/><category term="JavaScript"/><category term="iReport"/><category term="商品推薦"/><category term="程式相關"/><category term="Google 地球"/><category term="海賊王"/><title type='text'>小佳的天地</title><subtitle type='html'></subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default?redirect=false'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default?start-index=26&amp;max-results=25&amp;redirect=false'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>105</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-3493418667449113173</id><published>2025-08-06T18:10:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2025-08-06T18:24:07.439-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="淨零碳排"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="鐵路相關"/><title type='text'>不只是快，更要綠：將高鐵宜蘭線從「碳負債」變身「國家綠色資產」的黃金機會</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;不只是快，更要綠：將高鐵宜蘭線從「碳負債」變身「國家綠色資產」的黃金機會&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3441904595=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;markdown markdown-main-panel stronger enable-updated-hr-color&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; id=&quot;model-response-message-contentr_899bfa2c4bad25d3&quot; style=&quot;--animation-duration: 400ms; --fade-animation-function: linear;&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;當全國的目光都聚焦在高鐵延伸宜蘭的路線與站點時，一個更根本、影響更深遠的問題卻被忽略了：這條斥資數千億的國家級建設，究竟要等多久，才能真正開始為台灣的環境做出「淨貢獻」？&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;根據現有數據估算，若我們沿用傳統工法，高鐵宜蘭線建設階段的「碳投資」高達192.5萬公噸。這意味著，通車後，它需要營運將近&lt;b&gt;38年&lt;/b&gt;，其累積的減碳效益才能抵銷建設時的巨大碳排放。在這漫長的38年中，它對我們的氣候而言，仍是一項沉重的「淨負債」。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;38年，這幾乎是兩個世代的時間。我們真的要讓一項理應帶領台灣邁向未來的建設，背負如此長期的環境債務嗎？&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;答案是否定的，而且我們有更好的選擇。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;放眼國際，歐洲最大規模的基礎設施項目——英國高鐵二號（HS2），早已為其承包商設下了極具野心的目標：&lt;b&gt;建設階段碳排放必須減少50%&lt;/b&gt; &lt;span&gt;&lt;response-element ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c2884485042=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c2884485042=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;&lt;/span&gt;。這並非天方夜譚，而是基於成熟技術與嚴謹管理的務實路徑。部分承包商甚至已達成近43.4%的減幅，證明了深度減碳的可行性 &lt;span&gt;&lt;response-element ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c2884485042=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c2884485042=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;&lt;/span&gt;。&lt;sources-carousel-inline _nghost-ng-c890001703=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;span _ngcontent-ng-c890001703=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;button-container hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;sources-carousel _ngcontent-ng-c890001703=&quot;&quot; _nghost-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-tns-c1769532088-127 hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;sources&quot; style=&quot;display: flex; visibility: hidden;&quot;&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel-inline&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;container ng-tns-c1769532088-127 hide&quot; jslog=&quot;220997;BardVeMetadataKey:[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[4,null,1]]&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-container ng-tns-c1769532088-127&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-content ng-tns-c1769532088-127&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c1769532088-127 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c1769532088-127 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c1769532088-127 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c1769532088-127 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;HS2的成功經驗為高鐵宜蘭計畫提供了一張清晰的行動藍圖。其核心策略並非依賴單一神奇技術，而是精準打擊碳排「熱點」。國際研究一致指出，軌道工程超過七成的蘊含碳來自混凝土與鋼材這兩大宗材料 &lt;span&gt;&lt;response-element ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c2884485042=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c2884485042=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;&lt;/span&gt;。而降低這兩者碳足跡的技術早已成熟：&lt;sources-carousel-inline _nghost-ng-c890001703=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;span _ngcontent-ng-c890001703=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;button-container hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;sources-carousel _ngcontent-ng-c890001703=&quot;&quot; _nghost-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-tns-c1769532088-128 hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;sources&quot; style=&quot;display: flex; visibility: hidden;&quot;&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel-inline&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;container ng-tns-c1769532088-128 hide&quot; jslog=&quot;220997;BardVeMetadataKey:[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[1,null,1]]&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-container ng-tns-c1769532088-128&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-content ng-tns-c1769532088-128&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c1769532088-128 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;低碳混凝土&lt;/b&gt;：透過以鋼鐵業副產品「爐石粉」或燃煤電廠副產品「飛灰」等材料，取代部分高耗能的水泥，便能輕易達成 &lt;b&gt;30%至50%&lt;/b&gt; 的減碳效益 &lt;span&gt;&lt;response-element ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c2884485042=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c2884485042=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;&lt;/span&gt;。倫敦的泰晤士河超級下水道工程，便是藉此成功減碳30% &lt;span&gt;&lt;response-element ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c2884485042=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c2884485042=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;&lt;/span&gt;。&lt;sources-carousel-inline _nghost-ng-c890001703=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;span _ngcontent-ng-c890001703=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;button-container hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;sources-carousel _ngcontent-ng-c890001703=&quot;&quot; _nghost-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-tns-c1769532088-129 hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;sources&quot; style=&quot;display: flex; visibility: hidden;&quot;&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel-inline&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;container ng-tns-c1769532088-129 hide&quot; jslog=&quot;220997;BardVeMetadataKey:[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[4,null,1]]&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-container ng-tns-c1769532088-129&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-content ng-tns-c1769532088-129&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c1769532088-129 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c1769532088-129 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c1769532088-129 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c1769532088-129 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;永續鋼材&lt;/b&gt;：最大化使用以電弧爐熔煉的再生鋼材，其碳排遠低於傳統高爐製程 &lt;span&gt;&lt;response-element ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c2884485042=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c2884485042=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;&lt;/span&gt;。&lt;sources-carousel-inline _nghost-ng-c890001703=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;span _ngcontent-ng-c890001703=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;button-container hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;sources-carousel _ngcontent-ng-c890001703=&quot;&quot; _nghost-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-tns-c1769532088-130 hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;sources&quot; style=&quot;display: flex; visibility: hidden;&quot;&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel-inline&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;container ng-tns-c1769532088-130 hide&quot; jslog=&quot;220997;BardVeMetadataKey:[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[1,null,1]]&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-container ng-tns-c1769532088-130&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-content ng-tns-c1769532088-130&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c1769532088-130 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;p&gt;許多人會立刻質疑成本，認為「綠色」必然昂貴。然而，所謂的「綠色溢價」在市場上常被高估。美國的市場調查顯示，超過半數供應商的低碳混凝土產品與傳統產品價格相當 &lt;span&gt;&lt;response-element ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c2884485042=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c2884485042=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;&lt;/span&gt;；即便存在價差，對整體專案總成本的影響通常也低於1%至5% 。更重要的是，當我們將未來的碳稅、碳費風險納入考量，前期的低碳投資，實則是一種更具經濟效益的避險策略 &lt;span&gt;&lt;response-element ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c2884485042=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c2884485042=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;9&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;&lt;/span&gt;。&lt;sources-carousel-inline _nghost-ng-c890001703=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;span _ngcontent-ng-c890001703=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;button-container hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;sources-carousel _ngcontent-ng-c890001703=&quot;&quot; _nghost-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-tns-c1769532088-131 hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;sources&quot; style=&quot;display: flex; visibility: hidden;&quot;&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel-inline&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;container ng-tns-c1769532088-131 hide&quot; jslog=&quot;220997;BardVeMetadataKey:[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[2,null,1]]&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-container ng-tns-c1769532088-131&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-content ng-tns-c1769532088-131&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c1769532088-131 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c1769532088-131 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;如果我們採納英國HS2的標準，為高鐵宜蘭線設定一個務實的45%減碳目標，會發生什麼事？&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;驚人的結果是，其「碳中和回收期」將從37.4年，大幅縮短至&lt;b&gt;20.6年&lt;/b&gt;。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;這是一個價值近17年的決策紅利。&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;一個在專案初期的策略選擇，能決定這項國家重大建設，是提前近兩個世代就開始為國土帶來正向環境貢獻，還是繼續作為氣候負債存在。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;為此，我們強烈呼籲交通部 &lt;span&gt;&lt;response-element ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c2884485042=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c2884485042=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;10&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;&lt;/span&gt;，應立即將「建設階段蘊含碳減量50%」設為高鐵宜蘭計畫的強制性目標，並將其納入採購合約。同時，應要求承包商導入國際通行的PAS 2080碳管理標準 ，並加速建置「跨運具碳管理評估平台」，讓減碳成效可以被科學化地追蹤與驗證。&lt;sources-carousel-inline _nghost-ng-c890001703=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;span _ngcontent-ng-c890001703=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;button-container hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;sources-carousel _ngcontent-ng-c890001703=&quot;&quot; _nghost-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-tns-c1769532088-132 hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;sources&quot; style=&quot;display: flex; visibility: hidden;&quot;&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel-inline&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;container ng-tns-c1769532088-132 hide&quot; jslog=&quot;220997;BardVeMetadataKey:[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[5,null,1]]&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-container ng-tns-c1769532088-132&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-content ng-tns-c1769532088-132&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c1769532088-132 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c1769532088-132 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c1769532088-132 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c1769532088-132 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1769532088=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c1769532088-132 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;這項決策的意義，將遠遠超越宜蘭。它將為台灣所有未來的公共工程樹立全新的永續標竿，驅動國內營建產業的綠色轉型，並向世界證明，台灣在追求便捷交通的同時，更有決心與智慧，為下一代打造一個更潔淨、更永續的未來。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://pse.is/7ywl69&quot;&gt;https://pse.is/7ywl69&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c1441890130=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;response-footer gap complete&quot;&gt;&lt;sources-list _ngcontent-ng-c1441890130=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-list ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sources-list&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/feeds/3493418667449113173/comments/default' title='張貼留言'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/08/blog-post.html#comment-form' title='0 個意見'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/3493418667449113173'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/3493418667449113173'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/08/blog-post.html' title='不只是快，更要綠：將高鐵宜蘭線從「碳負債」變身「國家綠色資產」的黃金機會'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-7928197198172209872</id><published>2025-07-27T17:00:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2025-07-27T17:00:00.122-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="鐵路相關"/><title type='text'>一座橋，各自表述？為何「統一」的橋梁檢測培訓，可能隱藏著更大的風險</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;docs-internal-guid-7885ccc6-7fff-a9f5-1476-9912da52b6cc&quot;&gt;&lt;h1 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b id=&quot;docs-internal-guid-76de089d-7fff-df62-d290-c6736faf51ad&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;h1 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;一座橋，各自表述？為何「統一」的橋梁檢測培訓，可能隱藏著更大的風險&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;h1 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;近日，一場關於橋梁維護的跨部會會議，正悄然醞釀著一項可能影響全台灣數萬座橋梁安全的重大變革&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;。提案的核心看似合情合理：既然所有車行、人行、甚至鐵路橋梁的檢測，都採用一套名為「D.E.R.U.」的評定系統，何不將檢測人員的培訓課程乾脆「三合一」，統一辦理？&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 如此一來，不僅能建立全國一致的資格標準，還能為從業人員省去重複上課的麻煩 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;表面上，這是一個追求效率與標準化的完美方案。然而，如果我們深入探究橋梁檢測的本質，就會發現這個看似「合理」的邏輯，可能正將我們引向一條充滿風險的道路。因為它混淆了一個至關重要的概念：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;標準化的「報告語言」，與高度專業化的「診斷技能」。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;D.E.R.U.：共通的「語言」，而非萬能的「診斷書」&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h1 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;首先，我們需要理解D.E.R.U.是什麼。它是一套將橋梁構件的劣化狀況，從「程度(Degree)」、「範圍(Extent)」、「對結構的影響性(Relevancy)」及「維修急迫性(Urgency)」四個維度進行量化評分的系統 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;。它的本質是一個「快篩工具」&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;，讓管理者能快速從成千上萬的橋梁中，找出「病況」較為優先的個案，以便有效分配維修資源。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;打個比方，D.E.R.U.就像醫院裡所有科別共用的標準病歷表。無論是心臟科、皮膚科還是骨科醫師，他們都會用同樣的格式來記錄病情。但我們絕不會因此就認為，一位皮膚科醫師可以僅僅因為熟悉病歷表填寫，就去診斷複雜的心臟疾病。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;問題的核心，正在於此。教導一位檢測員如何填寫D.E.R.U.表格，與培養他具備準確判斷的能力，是兩件截然不同的事。而這份判斷能力，在不同類型的橋梁之間，有著天壤之別。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;三座橋，三個世界：為何檢測思維無法一概而論？&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h1 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;想像一下，一位檢測員站在三座不同的橋上，他眼中看到的世界，應該是截然不同的：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;車行橋梁：身經百戰的「重裝戰士」&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;這是我們最熟悉的高速公路或一般公路橋梁。它們日夜承受著數以萬計車輛的衝擊、碾壓與震動。檢測員的目光，必須像一位經驗豐富的戰地軍醫，專注於結構的「內傷」與「疲勞」。他要檢查主梁是否有因金屬疲勞而產生的微小裂縫、橋面板是否因長期重壓而破損、支承與伸縮縫是否正常運作以應對熱脹冷縮與車輛衝擊。在這裡，結構的耐久性與承載力是檢測的絕對核心。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;鐵路橋梁：不容毫釐之差的「精密儀器」&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;鐵路橋梁承受的是遠比一般貨車更重、更集中的火車載重，伴隨著劇烈且高頻的振動。在這裡，安全是沒有任何妥協空間的。檢測員的思維，必須從「結構工程師」升級為「結構+軌道工程師」。他不僅要看橋梁本身，更要看橋梁與軌道的互動關係。一條在公路橋上看似無礙的微小裂縫，在鐵路橋上可能因列車的重複衝擊而迅速擴大，導致災難。支撐鐵軌的「擋碴牆」是否穩固、軌道扣件是否因振動而鬆脫，這些都是鐵路橋梁獨有的檢測要害。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;人行天橋：貼近民生的「公共管家」&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;相較之下，人行天橋的結構崩塌風險最低。但它的檢測思維，必須從「結構安全」轉向「公共安全」。檢測員的角色，更像一位細心的社區管家。他的重點不再是橋梁主梁的承載力，而是民眾會直接接觸到的每一個細節：扶手是否穩固？高度是否足夠防止兒童攀爬？橋面鋪層是否平整防滑？樓梯的階高是否一致？在這裡，一根鏽蝕鬆動的扶手欄杆，其對公共安全的「影響性(Relevancy)」，可能遠高於一道主結構上的細微裂縫。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;走向更智慧的未來：「核心課程 + 專業模組」&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h1 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;顯然，用一套「吃到飽」的課程，不可能培養出能同時精通這三個「世界」的專家。其結果若非流於淺薄，就是因內容龐雜而效率低下。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;一個更智慧、更務實的解方，是採行&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;「核心課程 + 專業模組」的雙軌培訓制度&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;第一步：建立共通基礎（核心課程）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;讓所有檢測人員，無論未來專攻為何，都先完成一門共同的基礎課程。這門課將專注於教授共通的「語言」，包括橋梁工程概論、D.E.R.U.系統的標準用法、通用法規與作業安全等 。完成後，學員將具備從事檢測工作的基本知識。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;第二步：深化專業領域（專業模組）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;在取得基礎資格後，檢測人員再依其執業需求，選擇專攻的「認可模組」。想檢測公路橋梁的，就去上「車行橋梁模組」；專注鐵道系統的，就去上「鐵路橋梁模組」；負責都會區人行設施的，則去上專門的「人行天橋模組」。每個模組都將深入探討該領域獨特的檢測要點、風險因子與維護策略 。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;這種模式的優勢顯而易見：它既透過核心課程確保了全國標準的&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;一致性&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;，又透過專業模組保障了檢測品質所需的&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;專業性&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;。它避免了重複學習基礎知識的浪費，同時為檢測人員規劃出一條清晰、可進階的職涯發展路徑，有助於留住專業人才 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #575b5f; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 12.75pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;保障公共安全，從來不是一件可以尋求捷徑或便宜行事的工作。在橋梁檢測這個攸關民眾生命財產的領域，「專業」二字，容不得半點模糊。採行一個兼具彈性與深度的培訓體系，才能真正為台灣總值數兆元的橋梁資產，建構一個長治久安的未來。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/feeds/7928197198172209872/comments/default' title='張貼留言'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/07/blog-post_27.html#comment-form' title='0 個意見'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/7928197198172209872'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/7928197198172209872'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/07/blog-post_27.html' title='一座橋，各自表述？為何「統一」的橋梁檢測培訓，可能隱藏著更大的風險'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-2517912734906452223</id><published>2025-07-25T08:53:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2025-07-25T08:53:00.123-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="鐵路相關"/><title type='text'>派用人員的新里程碑：過渡期結束後，不僅能續留，還有條件能「升遷」！</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2&gt;派用人員的新里程碑：過渡期結束後，不僅能續留，還有條件能「升遷」！&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;各位關注公務體系動態的朋友們，今天我們要來聊一個近期在立法院引發廣泛討論，並最終三讀通過的法案：《公務人員任用法》第36條之1修正案。這項修正對許多「派用人員」來說，無疑是職涯上的一大突破！&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;過去，派用人員在2015年《派用人員派用條例》廢止後，面臨了一個9年的過渡期。許多人擔心，過渡期結束後，自己的職涯將會何去何從，甚至擔心無法再有任何晉升機會。但現在，最新的法案給出了明確的答案，而且比許多人預期的還要好！&lt;/p&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;法案核心重點：不僅續用，更提供有限度「升遷」機會！&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;根據立法院第11屆第3會期第21次會議中，所討論與修正的「公務人員任用法第36條之一」條文內容，這次修法主要帶來了以下幾項關鍵改變：&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;1. 工作權益全面保障：過渡期滿仍能「繼續派用」！&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;最大的好消息是，從2024年6月18日（《派用人員派用條例》廢止滿九年）的隔天起，原本依該條例銓敘審定有案的現職派用人員，將&lt;b&gt;得以繼續適用原派用條例及其施行細則，繼續派用&lt;/b&gt;。這代表派用人員不必擔心因為過渡期結束而失去工作，穩定性大幅提升！&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;2. 突破性進展：特定範圍內「可依規定程序辦理升遷」！&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;這絕對是此次修法的最大亮點！過去普遍認為派用人員在過渡期後將「不得有任何升遷」，但新修正的條文明確指出，派用人員將有機會在&lt;b&gt;限定的機關範圍內&lt;/b&gt;，依循規定程序辦理職務升遷：&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;中央機關&lt;/b&gt;的派用人員，可在原任職的三級機關及其所屬機關之間，&lt;b&gt;辦理升遷&lt;/b&gt;。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;直轄市政府&lt;/b&gt;的派用人員，則可在原任職的一級機關及其所屬機關之間，&lt;b&gt;辦理升遷&lt;/b&gt;。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;這意味著，雖然範圍有所限制，但派用人員的職涯發展不再是死水一灘，他們有了明確的晉升管道！&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;3. 職務調動更彈性：限定範圍內「可調任」！&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;除了升遷機會，法案也允許派用人員在上述的相同機關範圍內，進行職務的&lt;b&gt;橫向調任&lt;/b&gt;。例如，中央三級機關與其所屬機關之間，或是直轄市政府一級機關與其所屬機關之間，派用人員可以調任到&lt;b&gt;同職稱且職務列等相當的職務&lt;/b&gt;。這增加了派用人員職務上的彈性與多樣性。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;4. 跨機關調任仍受限：維持體系穩定性！&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;需要注意的是，雖然內部調動和升遷變得更具彈性，但派用人員&lt;b&gt;仍不得調任至上述範圍外的其他機關&lt;/b&gt;。這項限制旨在維持派用人員體系的相對穩定性，並避免過度影響其他公務人員的任用制度。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;為何這項修正如此重要？&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;這項修正案的通過，不僅是派用人員長期期盼的結果，更是政府在面對歷史遺留問題時，展現出的一種彈性與務實。它兼顧了對現職人員的保障，同時也試圖在既有的制度框架下，為他們提供合理的職涯發展空間，解決了過去長期以來對人力運用和士氣的潛在影響。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;對於派用人員來說，這無疑是一個振奮人心的消息，代表著他們的努力和貢獻將能獲得更實質的回報，並在現有體系內擁有更廣闊的發展前景。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;&lt;p&gt;你對這項修法有什麼看法呢？歡迎在下方留言，和我們一起討論！&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;#公務人員 #派用人員 #公務人員任用法 #立法院修法 #職涯發展 #政府政策&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/feeds/2517912734906452223/comments/default' title='張貼留言'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/07/blog-post_25.html#comment-form' title='0 個意見'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/2517912734906452223'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/2517912734906452223'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/07/blog-post_25.html' title='派用人員的新里程碑：過渡期結束後，不僅能續留，還有條件能「升遷」！'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-434501396608528347</id><published>2025-07-20T09:00:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2025-07-20T09:00:00.120-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="淨零碳排"/><title type='text'>碳費下的新藍圖：台灣土木建築業的成本風暴與綠色契機</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;docs-internal-guid-814ab05a-7fff-1ef7-a3eb-1dfe385c86e8&quot;&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;碳費下的新藍圖：台灣土木建築業的成本風暴與綠色契機&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;2025年，台灣將正式邁入「排碳有價」的時代。隨著碳費制度上路，一場深刻的產業結構變革正悄然醞釀。儘管土木建築業並非首波直接課徵的對象，但這場由上游吹來的風暴，將透過其最核心的命脈——鋼鐵與水泥——傳遞而來，不僅衝擊成本結構，更將重塑市場的競爭規則與生存法則。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;間接的震撼：成本傳導的漣漪效應&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;台灣的碳費制度，初期鎖定年排放量達2.5萬公噸二氧化碳當量以上的電力業及製造業等「排碳大戶」 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。這意味著，雖然營造商與開發商的工地本身暫時無需繳納碳費，但其供應鏈的兩大巨頭——鋼鐵業與水泥業，幾乎無可避免地會被納入徵收範圍 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。這兩種材料的生產過程均屬高度能源密集與碳密集型，是建築「蘊含碳」的主要來源，其碳排放量合計佔全球總排放的15%以上 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;因此，碳費的衝擊將如漣漪般，從鋼鐵廠的高爐與水泥廠的旋窯，一路擴散至每一個建築專案的成本估算表。國內鋼鐵龍頭中鋼曾估算，即便在優惠情境下，每年碳費成本也可能高達數億元 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。這筆新增的營運成本，勢必會反映在最終的產品售價上。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;成本迷霧：一場短期與長期的預測拉鋸&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;關於這波成本衝擊的嚴重性，市場上存在著兩種截然不同的論述。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;一方面，政府部門，包括環境部與內政部，多次公開表示，經試算後評估碳費對最終房價的影響將「低於1%」 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。其邏輯是，受影響的原物料成本僅佔營造成本的一部分，而營造成本又只佔房價結構的一部分，因此在層層稀釋後，初期的衝擊應屬溫和 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;另一方面，來自第一線的產業聲音則顯得憂心忡忡。營造廠與不動產開發公會普遍預期，上游供應商將轉嫁成本，可能導致鋼筋、水泥等關鍵原物料價格出現10%至15%的漲幅 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;這兩種看似矛盾的觀點，其實反映了評估時間尺度的差異。一份由《RECCESSARY》研究團隊提出的精細分析，有效地整合了這場爭論：在2025年開徵初期每噸300元的費率下，對鋼筋與混凝土成本的推升效果確實有限，對整體房價的影響甚至小於0.1%，這與政府的短期評估相符 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。然而，該分析也指出，當碳價為達成國家減碳目標而逐步與國際接軌，攀升至每噸新台幣3,000元時，最終將可能推升整體房價上漲約1.31% &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;這揭示了一個核心事實：對土木建築業而言，真正的挑戰並非應對初始的費率，而是為一個可預期將「持續攀升」的碳價做好準備。環境部已明確表示，碳費將分階段調升 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;11&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。這為營運週期長、合約動輒數年的建築業，帶來了全新的成本波動風險。今日簽訂的固定總價工程合約，未來可能因碳價上漲而面臨利潤侵蝕的困境。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;轉型之路：從被動成本管理到主動價值創造&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;面對這場無法迴避的變革，土木建築業正站在一個關鍵的十字路口。消極地等待成本上漲並將其轉嫁給消費者，或許是短期內最直接的反應，但這條路只會越走越窄。真正具前瞻性的策略，是將碳費視為一個催化劑，啟動一場以「綠色」為核心的全面轉型。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;契機一：綠色材料與設計的市場拉力&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;過去因成本較高而推廣緩慢的綠色建材與工法，如今在碳費的經濟誘因下，將迎來爆發性成長的契機。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;低碳混凝土&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：透過使用高爐石粉、飛灰等工業副產品，部分取代高碳排的水泥，可使混凝土的碳足跡降低30%至60% &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;永續木材與被動式設計&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：採用如「交錯層積材」（CLT）等工程木材，不僅蘊含碳遠低於傳統建材，更能發揮「固碳」效果 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。而回歸建築物理本質的「被動式設計」，如成功大學「綠色魔法學校」的實踐，透過優化遮陽、通風，大幅降低建築生命週期中的營運碳排 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;14&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;契機二：數位轉型的賦能&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;建築資訊模型（Building Information Modeling, BIM）正從一個3D視覺化工具，進化為一個整合性的永續管理平台。它能在設計初期就進行精確的「全生命週期碳評估」（WLC），讓建築師即時找出碳排熱點並優化方案 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;15&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。政府也正積極開發將BIM與其「低蘊含碳建築評估系統」（LEBR）對接的工具，以簡化認證流程 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;16&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。此外，BIM的三維碰撞檢測功能，能有效減少施工浪費與返工，直接降低專案的蘊含碳與成本 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;15&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;契機三：政策拉力的競爭優勢&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;碳費的「推力」並非孤立存在，它與政府提供的「拉力」政策相輔相成。金管會陸續推出的「綠色金融行動方案」，鼓勵銀行為綠色專案或ESG表現優良的企業，提供利率更優惠的永續績效連結貸款 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;19&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。這意味著，積極轉型的業者能以更低的成本取得資金。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;同時，作為最大的業主，政府的公共工程採購也成為重要的市場引導力量。現行的採購法規，已在工程招標中為採用綠建材、具備減碳實績的廠商提供評選加分，直接提高其得標機率 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;23&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;結論：打造新時代的競爭力&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;對台灣的土木建築業而言，將碳排放視為無成本的時代已然終結。碳費的開徵，不僅僅是一項新稅負，更是驅動整個產業典範轉移的核心引擎。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;初期的成本衝擊或許尚在可控範圍，但它是一個清晰的信號，預示著一個要求更高、挑戰更大的未來。在這場轉型浪潮中，那些僅僅抱怨成本、被動應對的企業，將面臨利潤萎縮與市佔流失的風險。相反，那些能前瞻性地擁抱變革，積極投資於綠色材料、數位工具與永續工法的企業，將能乘勢而起。它們不僅能更有效地控制未來持續上漲的碳成本，更能藉由綠色金融與政府採購的東風，建立起難以超越的競爭優勢，最終成為打造台灣建築環境永續、韌性與獲利未來的真正領導者。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/feeds/434501396608528347/comments/default' title='張貼留言'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/07/blog-post_20.html#comment-form' title='0 個意見'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/434501396608528347'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/434501396608528347'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/07/blog-post_20.html' title='碳費下的新藍圖：台灣土木建築業的成本風暴與綠色契機'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-1426756670674902480</id><published>2025-07-16T15:44:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2025-07-16T15:44:20.569-07:00</updated><title type='text'>不只是車站：高雄的綠色心臟，一場溫柔的都市革命</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;一座車站能是什麼？是匆忙旅人的中繼站，是南來北往的交會點，還是一座城市冰冷的鋼筋水泥結構？由荷蘭建築團隊Mecanoo操刀設計的高雄新車站，給出了一個截然不同的答案。它不僅是一座交通樞紐，更是一次深刻的都市治療、一場溫柔的環境革命，以及一個獻給所有市民的、會呼吸的公共客廳。這座被命名為「高雄之心」的建築 &lt;response-element class=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;，其真正的價值不在於運輸效率，而在於它如何透過設計，縫合了被鐵道分割數十年的城市地景，並為亞熱帶都市的永續發展，提出了一套根植於在地文化與氣候的解答。&lt;sources-carousel-inline _nghost-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;span _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;button-container hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot;&gt; &amp;nbsp; &lt;button _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-controls=&quot;sources&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;false&quot; aria-label=&quot;瞭解詳情&quot; class=&quot;mat-mdc-tooltip-trigger button image-fade-on hide-from-message-actions&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; jslog=&quot;220646;track:generic_click,impression&quot;&gt;&lt;mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;mat-icon notranslate symbol google-symbols mat-ligature-font mat-icon-no-color&quot; data-mat-icon-name=&quot;expand_more&quot; data-mat-icon-type=&quot;font&quot; fonticon=&quot;expand_more&quot; role=&quot;img&quot;&gt;&lt;/mat-icon&gt;&lt;/button&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;sources-carousel _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; _nghost-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-tns-c3585116403-84 hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;sources&quot; style=&quot;display: flex; visibility: hidden;&quot;&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel-inline&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;container ng-tns-c3585116403-84 hide&quot; jslog=&quot;220997;BardVeMetadataKey:[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[3,null,1]]&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-container ng-tns-c3585116403-84&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-content ng-tns-c3585116403-84&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-84 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-84 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-84 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;&lt;b&gt;治癒城市傷痕：從分割到連結的永續之路&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;要理解高雄車站的永續貢獻，必須先回顧它所承載的歷史任務。近二十年來，高雄鐵路地下化工程的最終目標，便是移除那道長久以來將市中心切割為「前站」與「後驛」的地面鐵軌 &lt;response-element class=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; 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data-turn-source-index=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;。新車站的核心使命，便是治癒這道歷史傷痕。&lt;sources-carousel-inline _nghost-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;span _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;button-container hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot;&gt; &amp;nbsp; &lt;button _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-controls=&quot;sources&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;false&quot; aria-label=&quot;瞭解詳情&quot; class=&quot;mat-mdc-tooltip-trigger button image-fade-on hide-from-message-actions&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; jslog=&quot;220646;track:generic_click,impression&quot;&gt;&lt;mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;mat-icon notranslate symbol google-symbols mat-ligature-font mat-icon-no-color&quot; data-mat-icon-name=&quot;expand_more&quot; data-mat-icon-type=&quot;font&quot; fonticon=&quot;expand_more&quot; role=&quot;img&quot;&gt;&lt;/mat-icon&gt;&lt;/button&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;sources-carousel _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; _nghost-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-tns-c3585116403-85 hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;sources&quot; style=&quot;display: flex; visibility: hidden;&quot;&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel-inline&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;container ng-tns-c3585116403-85 hide&quot; jslog=&quot;220997;BardVeMetadataKey:[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[3,null,1]]&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-container ng-tns-c3585116403-85&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-content ng-tns-c3585116403-85&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-85 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-85 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-85 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mecanoo的設計將台鐵、捷運、客運、公車乃至自行車道與人行步道，整合於一個立體、流暢的系統之中 &lt;response-element class=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;。然而，其最深遠的節能減碳策略，並非來自高科技設備，而是源於都市規劃尺度的遠見。過去，往返南北兩側的市民，即便直線距離不遠，也常需依賴汽機車繞行。新車站透過其巨大的開放式天棚與橫跨其上的「綠之丘」，創造了一個極具吸引力的步行與自行車騎乘環境，讓市民得以從左營一路暢行至鳳山 &lt;response-element class=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;。&lt;sources-carousel-inline _nghost-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;span _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;button-container hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot;&gt; &amp;nbsp; &lt;button _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-controls=&quot;sources&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;false&quot; aria-label=&quot;瞭解詳情&quot; class=&quot;mat-mdc-tooltip-trigger button image-fade-on hide-from-message-actions&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; jslog=&quot;220646;track:generic_click,impression&quot;&gt;&lt;mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;mat-icon notranslate symbol google-symbols mat-ligature-font mat-icon-no-color&quot; data-mat-icon-name=&quot;expand_more&quot; data-mat-icon-type=&quot;font&quot; fonticon=&quot;expand_more&quot; role=&quot;img&quot;&gt;&lt;/mat-icon&gt;&lt;/button&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;sources-carousel _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; _nghost-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-tns-c3585116403-86 hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;sources&quot; style=&quot;display: flex; visibility: hidden;&quot;&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel-inline&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;container ng-tns-c3585116403-86 hide&quot; jslog=&quot;220997;BardVeMetadataKey:[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[5,null,1]]&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-container ng-tns-c3585116403-86&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-content ng-tns-c3585116403-86&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-86 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-86 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-86 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-86 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-86 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;這種城市尺度的「連接性」，其潛在的碳減排效益是巨大的。它並非一次性的設備節能，而是透過優化都市結構，從根本上引導市民在未來數十年中，自然地選擇低碳交通方式。每一次被取代的短程汽機車旅行，都直接減少了化石燃料的消耗。可以說，高雄車站最卓越的永續貢獻，是一種超越建築本身運營能耗的「結構性減碳」，其長期累積的環境效益，遠非任何單一綠建築技術所能比擬。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;此外，這份對「連結」的執著，也體現在對歷史的溫柔擁抱上。建於1941年的日治時期「帝冠式」舊站體，被完整保留下來 &lt;response-element class=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;。在工程期間，它被小心翼翼地移開，待新站落成後，再遷回城市中軸線的原址，被輕柔地擁入新車站的流線型天棚之下，形成新舊對話的動人風景 &lt;response-element class=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;。此舉不僅保存了城市的集體記憶，更是一項務實的環保行動，成功避免了拆除舊建築所產生的大量廢棄物，並節省了新建一座同等規模文化場館所需消耗的大量「隱含碳」。&lt;sources-carousel-inline _nghost-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;span _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;button-container hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot;&gt; &amp;nbsp; &lt;button _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-controls=&quot;sources&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;false&quot; aria-label=&quot;瞭解詳情&quot; class=&quot;mat-mdc-tooltip-trigger button image-fade-on hide-from-message-actions&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; jslog=&quot;220646;track:generic_click,impression&quot;&gt;&lt;mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;mat-icon notranslate symbol google-symbols mat-ligature-font mat-icon-no-color&quot; data-mat-icon-name=&quot;expand_more&quot; data-mat-icon-type=&quot;font&quot; fonticon=&quot;expand_more&quot; role=&quot;img&quot;&gt;&lt;/mat-icon&gt;&lt;/button&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;sources-carousel _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; _nghost-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-tns-c3585116403-87 hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;sources&quot; style=&quot;display: flex; visibility: hidden;&quot;&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel-inline&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;container ng-tns-c3585116403-87 hide&quot; jslog=&quot;220997;BardVeMetadataKey:[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[5,null,1]]&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-container ng-tns-c3585116403-87&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-content ng-tns-c3585116403-87&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-87 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-87 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-87 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-87 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-87 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;&lt;b&gt;會呼吸的天棚：向在地智慧學習的氣候調節引擎&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;面對南台灣炎熱潮濕的氣候 &lt;response-element class=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;，設計團隊並未訴諸於完全封閉的空調巨獸，而是從台灣傳統生活智慧中汲取靈感。巨大的流線型天棚，其設計初衷便是要重現廟埕廣場或大榕樹下那種遮蔭、涼爽且通風的半戶外公共空間 &lt;response-element class=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;。&lt;sources-carousel-inline _nghost-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;span _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;button-container hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot;&gt; &amp;nbsp; &lt;button _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-controls=&quot;sources&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;false&quot; aria-label=&quot;瞭解詳情&quot; class=&quot;mat-mdc-tooltip-trigger button image-fade-on hide-from-message-actions&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; jslog=&quot;220646;track:generic_click,impression&quot;&gt;&lt;mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;mat-icon notranslate symbol google-symbols mat-ligature-font mat-icon-no-color&quot; data-mat-icon-name=&quot;expand_more&quot; data-mat-icon-type=&quot;font&quot; fonticon=&quot;expand_more&quot; role=&quot;img&quot;&gt;&lt;/mat-icon&gt;&lt;/button&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;sources-carousel _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; _nghost-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-tns-c3585116403-88 hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;sources&quot; style=&quot;display: flex; visibility: hidden;&quot;&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel-inline&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;container ng-tns-c3585116403-88 hide&quot; jslog=&quot;220997;BardVeMetadataKey:[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[3,null,1]]&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-container ng-tns-c3585116403-88&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-content ng-tns-c3585116403-88&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-88 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-88 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-88 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;天棚頂部，是一片廣達35,000平方公尺（約萬坪）的「高雄綠之丘」&lt;response-element class=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;。這片種滿灌木與地被植物的空中花園 &lt;response-element class=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;，不僅為市中心提供了寶貴的綠地，更是一部大型的被動式「蒸發冷卻器」。茂密的植被與土壤層能有效阻隔太陽輻射，降低下方空間的溫度；而植物的蒸散作用，則如同為城市灑上天然的冷氣，有效緩解了都市熱島效應 &lt;response-element class=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;。&lt;sources-carousel-inline _nghost-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;span _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;button-container hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot;&gt; &amp;nbsp; &lt;button _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-controls=&quot;sources&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;false&quot; aria-label=&quot;瞭解詳情&quot; class=&quot;mat-mdc-tooltip-trigger button image-fade-on hide-from-message-actions&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; jslog=&quot;220646;track:generic_click,impression&quot;&gt;&lt;mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;mat-icon notranslate symbol google-symbols mat-ligature-font mat-icon-no-color&quot; data-mat-icon-name=&quot;expand_more&quot; data-mat-icon-type=&quot;font&quot; fonticon=&quot;expand_more&quot; role=&quot;img&quot;&gt;&lt;/mat-icon&gt;&lt;/button&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;sources-carousel _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; _nghost-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-tns-c3585116403-89 hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;sources&quot; style=&quot;display: flex; visibility: hidden;&quot;&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel-inline&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;container ng-tns-c3585116403-89 hide&quot; jslog=&quot;220997;BardVeMetadataKey:[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[5,null,1]]&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-container ng-tns-c3585116403-89&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-content ng-tns-c3585116403-89&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-89 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-89 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-89 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-89 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-89 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;綠丘之下，是名為「雲朵天棚」的車站主體天花板。這是台灣車站中規模最大的無柱拱頂桁架結構，由79支高達15公尺的造型支柱優雅撐起 &lt;response-element class=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;。天花板上，一片片雲朵般的白色鋁板與模仿廟埕燈籠的橢圓形照明交錯點綴，其間更策略性地開設了多個大型圓形天窗 &lt;response-element class=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;。這看似寫意的設計，實則是一套精密的被動式氣候調控裝置。&lt;sources-carousel-inline _nghost-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;span _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;button-container hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot;&gt; &amp;nbsp; &lt;button _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-controls=&quot;sources&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;false&quot; aria-label=&quot;瞭解詳情&quot; class=&quot;mat-mdc-tooltip-trigger button image-fade-on hide-from-message-actions&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; jslog=&quot;220646;track:generic_click,impression&quot;&gt;&lt;mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;mat-icon notranslate symbol google-symbols mat-ligature-font mat-icon-no-color&quot; data-mat-icon-name=&quot;expand_more&quot; data-mat-icon-type=&quot;font&quot; fonticon=&quot;expand_more&quot; role=&quot;img&quot;&gt;&lt;/mat-icon&gt;&lt;/button&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;sources-carousel _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; _nghost-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-tns-c3585116403-90 hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;sources&quot; style=&quot;display: flex; visibility: hidden;&quot;&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel-inline&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;container ng-tns-c3585116403-90 hide&quot; jslog=&quot;220997;BardVeMetadataKey:[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[5,null,1]]&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-container ng-tns-c3585116403-90&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-content ng-tns-c3585116403-90&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-90 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-90 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-90 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-90 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-90 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;在通風方面，高挑的空間利用「煙囪效應」，讓熱空氣自然上升並從開放的邊緣逸散，同時將下方及由綠丘沉降的涼爽空氣抽入，形成持續的微風。在採光上，天窗引入的陽光被巨大的白色雲朵鋁板均勻地漫射開來，為廣闊的大廳提供了明亮而柔和的基礎照明，大幅減少了日間的人工照明需求 &lt;response-element class=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;。在此，文化隱喻（廟埕、燈籠）與生態模擬（樹冠、微風）完美結合，成為了實現節能目標的核心驅動力。&lt;sources-carousel-inline _nghost-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;span _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;button-container hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot;&gt; &amp;nbsp; &lt;button _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-controls=&quot;sources&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;false&quot; aria-label=&quot;瞭解詳情&quot; class=&quot;mat-mdc-tooltip-trigger button image-fade-on hide-from-message-actions&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; jslog=&quot;220646;track:generic_click,impression&quot;&gt;&lt;mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;mat-icon notranslate symbol google-symbols mat-ligature-font mat-icon-no-color&quot; data-mat-icon-name=&quot;expand_more&quot; data-mat-icon-type=&quot;font&quot; fonticon=&quot;expand_more&quot; role=&quot;img&quot;&gt;&lt;/mat-icon&gt;&lt;/button&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;sources-carousel _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; _nghost-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-tns-c3585116403-91 hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;sources&quot; style=&quot;display: flex; visibility: hidden;&quot;&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel-inline&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;container ng-tns-c3585116403-91 hide&quot; jslog=&quot;220997;BardVeMetadataKey:[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[2,null,1]]&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-container ng-tns-c3585116403-91&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-content ng-tns-c3585116403-91&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-91 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-91 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;&lt;b&gt;宏大願景下的盲點：一次批判性審視&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;然而，一個全面的評估，不能忽視其宏大願景下的潛在盲點。最令人費解的，莫過於其對水資源的管理。設計師大膽地讓雨水透過天窗直接落入下沉式廣場，意圖將雨水轉化為動態景觀 &lt;response-element class=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;13&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;。為此，廣場採用了架高地磚與大容量排水系統 &lt;response-element class=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;14&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;。儘管官方強調足以應對豪雨，但這種「只排不收」的策略，在一個降雨充沛的地區，無疑錯失了收集利用巨量雨水的良機。與同為台鐵改建、規模較小的鳳山車站明確設有「雨水回收澆灌再利用」系統相比 &lt;response-element class=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;，高雄車站在公開資料中對此的缺席，使其永續敘事出現了一處明顯的斷裂。&lt;sources-carousel-inline _nghost-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;span _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;button-container hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot;&gt; &amp;nbsp; &lt;button _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-controls=&quot;sources&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;false&quot; aria-label=&quot;瞭解詳情&quot; class=&quot;mat-mdc-tooltip-trigger button image-fade-on hide-from-message-actions&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; jslog=&quot;220646;track:generic_click,impression&quot;&gt;&lt;mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;mat-icon notranslate symbol google-symbols mat-ligature-font mat-icon-no-color&quot; data-mat-icon-name=&quot;expand_more&quot; data-mat-icon-type=&quot;font&quot; fonticon=&quot;expand_more&quot; role=&quot;img&quot;&gt;&lt;/mat-icon&gt;&lt;/button&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;sources-carousel _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; _nghost-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-tns-c3585116403-92 hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;sources&quot; style=&quot;display: flex; visibility: hidden;&quot;&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel-inline&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;container ng-tns-c3585116403-92 hide&quot; jslog=&quot;220997;BardVeMetadataKey:[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[3,null,1]]&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-container ng-tns-c3585116403-92&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-content ng-tns-c3585116403-92&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-92 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-92 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-92 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;其次，在材料選擇上，車站大量使用了鋼骨、鋁板與鋼筋混凝土等高耗能建材 &lt;response-element class=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;。雖然這呼應了高雄作為工業與造船重鎮的城市脈絡 &lt;response-element class=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;16&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;，但也帶來了高昂的「隱含碳」代價。在現有資料中，我們未能找到關於計畫採用再生鋼材、或在混凝土中添加卜作嵐材料以減少水泥用量等降低隱含碳的具體措施。這似乎表明，在設計權衡中，材料的敘事性與結構性能，其優先級高於了對其完整生命週期環境足跡的控制。&lt;sources-carousel-inline _nghost-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;span _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;button-container hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot;&gt; &amp;nbsp; &lt;button _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-controls=&quot;sources&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;false&quot; aria-label=&quot;瞭解詳情&quot; class=&quot;mat-mdc-tooltip-trigger button image-fade-on hide-from-message-actions&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; jslog=&quot;220646;track:generic_click,impression&quot;&gt;&lt;mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;mat-icon notranslate symbol google-symbols mat-ligature-font mat-icon-no-color&quot; data-mat-icon-name=&quot;expand_more&quot; data-mat-icon-type=&quot;font&quot; fonticon=&quot;expand_more&quot; role=&quot;img&quot;&gt;&lt;/mat-icon&gt;&lt;/button&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;sources-carousel _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; _nghost-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-tns-c3585116403-93 hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;sources&quot; style=&quot;display: flex; visibility: hidden;&quot;&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel-inline&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;container ng-tns-c3585116403-93 hide&quot; jslog=&quot;220997;BardVeMetadataKey:[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[4,null,1]]&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-container ng-tns-c3585116403-93&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-content ng-tns-c3585116403-93&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-93 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-93 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-93 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-93 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4&gt;&lt;b&gt;結論：重新定義「綠」，一座城市的宣言&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;最終，高雄車站的永續性，並非體現在一張綠建築認證標章上（事實上，它並未如其他公共工程般申請EEWH或LEED認證 &lt;response-element class=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;source-footnote _nghost-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-star-inserted&quot;&gt;&lt;sup _ngcontent-ng-c3711868964=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;superscript&quot; data-turn-source-index=&quot;17&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/source-footnote&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/response-element&gt;），而是體現在一種全新的設計哲學上。它將永續的定義從狹隘的技術指標，擴展到了更廣闊的都市健康、文化傳承與社會福祉的層面。&lt;sources-carousel-inline _nghost-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; ng-version=&quot;0.0.0-PLACEHOLDER&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;span _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;button-container hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot;&gt; &amp;nbsp; &lt;button _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-controls=&quot;sources&quot; aria-expanded=&quot;false&quot; aria-label=&quot;瞭解詳情&quot; class=&quot;mat-mdc-tooltip-trigger button image-fade-on hide-from-message-actions&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; jslog=&quot;220646;track:generic_click,impression&quot;&gt;&lt;mat-icon _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;mat-icon notranslate symbol google-symbols mat-ligature-font mat-icon-no-color&quot; data-mat-icon-name=&quot;expand_more&quot; data-mat-icon-type=&quot;font&quot; fonticon=&quot;expand_more&quot; role=&quot;img&quot;&gt;&lt;/mat-icon&gt;&lt;/button&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;sources-carousel _ngcontent-ng-c2463681560=&quot;&quot; _nghost-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;ng-tns-c3585116403-94 hide-from-message-actions ng-star-inserted&quot; hide-from-message-actions=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;sources&quot; style=&quot;display: flex; visibility: hidden;&quot;&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel&gt;&lt;/sources-carousel-inline&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;container ng-tns-c3585116403-94 hide&quot; jslog=&quot;220997;BardVeMetadataKey:[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[2,null,1]]&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-container ng-tns-c3585116403-94&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;carousel-content ng-tns-c3585116403-94&quot;&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-94 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div _ngcontent-ng-c3585116403=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;sources-carousel-source ng-tns-c3585116403-94 hide ng-star-inserted&quot; data-test-id=&quot;sources-carousel-source&quot;&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;!----&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;它用一個巨大的、會呼吸的綠色天棚，取代了封閉的空調大廳；用一條暢行無阻的自行車道，取代了被鐵軌分割的城市；用對歷史的溫柔擁抱，取代了無情的推倒重建。它或許在水資源循環與材料隱含碳等議題上留有遺憾，但它成功地證明了，最深刻的永續設計，源於對在地文化最深切的理解，以及對市民生活最溫暖的關懷。高雄車站不只是一座車站，它是一顆為城市重新注入活力的綠色心臟，也是一份獻給未來的、關於人與環境如何和諧共生的溫柔宣言。&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/feeds/1426756670674902480/comments/default' title='張貼留言'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/07/blog-post_16.html#comment-form' title='0 個意見'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/1426756670674902480'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/1426756670674902480'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/07/blog-post_16.html' title='不只是車站：高雄的綠色心臟，一場溫柔的都市革命'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-5043088877822229586</id><published>2025-07-14T20:40:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2025-07-14T20:41:29.291-07:00</updated><title type='text'>圓曲線五大元素</title><content type='html'>&lt;span id=&quot;docs-internal-guid-4ae01b6d-7fff-1412-9401-6fbf278ff79b&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;在土木工程、道路設計與測量學中，**圓曲線（Simple Circular Curve）**是連接兩條相交直線（切線）最基本也最常見的曲線形式。為了定義曲線的幾何形狀並在現場進行測設，工程師會使用五個關鍵的計算元素，通稱為「&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;圓曲線五大元素&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;」。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;這五大元素分別是：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;切線長 (T, Tangent Length)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;曲線長 (L, Curve Length)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;長弦長 (LC, Long Chord)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;外距 (E, External Distance)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;中距 (M, Middle Ordinate)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;這些元素都可以透過兩個基本條件推導出來：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;半徑 (R)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt; 與&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;交角 (Δ)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;圓曲線五大元素詳解&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;border: none; display: inline-block; height: 389px; overflow: hidden; width: 624px;&quot;&gt;&lt;img height=&quot;389&quot; src=&quot;https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXcrpoK_HpnYDZImPqPPN7v7nJ2AU7hlOwkIgK8XFpXfNJk6JtfOK2AOpYv0Lt73Fv6lWUjsrkgzojNN9xKeoE1YXx0CFycwmRGEki9NpLWDUbZ0m4nDiT36-V7W52YwnsAJJmVZYA?key=rP5vHpf0FXHmdJN_HkYuqw&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot; width=&quot;624&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;border: none; display: inline-block; height: 418px; overflow: hidden; width: 454px;&quot;&gt;&lt;img height=&quot;418&quot; src=&quot;https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXfwWw36L0xpOLnnpCJEwoEjgss3pK88TYGCXYMNqBhDeTZbVrGsezc2mDAa6LS6kUyh1NcJYl1i7X6WynbtBha1JwJ2Pa6vz_A6-M2F-nQEG6tSYIRvEX2yX8FF0k-gvD5ThLobcg?key=rP5vHpf0FXHmdJN_HkYuqw&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot; width=&quot;454&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;以下詳細說明各元素的定義與計算公式：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h4 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;基礎條件：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;R (Radius)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：圓曲線的半徑，決定了曲線的彎曲程度。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Δ (Deflection Angle / Central Angle)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：兩條路工切線的偏向角，也等於圓曲線所對應的圓心角。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h4 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;五大元素：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;1. 切線長 (T) - Tangent Length&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;定義&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：從切線交點（PI）到曲線起點（PC）或曲線終點（PT）的直線距離。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;公式：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;T=R⋅tan(2Δ​)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;2. 曲線長 (L) - Curve Length&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;定義&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：沿著圓曲線，從曲線起點（PC）到曲線終點（PT）的實際弧線長度。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;公式：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;L=R⋅Δ⋅180∘π​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(註：公式中的 Δ 需使用角度制)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;3. 長弦長 (LC) - Long Chord&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;定義&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：直接連接曲線起點（PC）與曲線終點（PT）的直線距離。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;公式：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;LC=2R⋅sin(2Δ​)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;4. 外距 (E) - External Distance&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;定義&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：從切線交點（PI）到圓曲線弧線中點的最短距離。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;公式：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;E=R(sec(2Δ​)−1)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;或者可以寫成：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;E=R(cos(2Δ​)1​−1)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;5. 中距 (M) - Middle Ordinate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;定義&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：從長弦（LC）的中點到圓曲線弧線中點的距離。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;公式：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;M=R(1−cos(2Δ​))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;這五大元素是公路、鐵路及各種管線路線設計與施工放樣時不可或缺的基礎數據。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/feeds/5043088877822229586/comments/default' title='張貼留言'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/07/blog-post_71.html#comment-form' title='0 個意見'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/5043088877822229586'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/5043088877822229586'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/07/blog-post_71.html' title='圓曲線五大元素'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXcrpoK_HpnYDZImPqPPN7v7nJ2AU7hlOwkIgK8XFpXfNJk6JtfOK2AOpYv0Lt73Fv6lWUjsrkgzojNN9xKeoE1YXx0CFycwmRGEki9NpLWDUbZ0m4nDiT36-V7W52YwnsAJJmVZYA=s72-c?key=rP5vHpf0FXHmdJN_HkYuqw" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-4897259959990627851</id><published>2025-07-14T17:28:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2025-07-14T17:42:49.944-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="鐵路相關"/><title type='text'>告別塞車惡夢：北宜高鐵、基隆捷運如何翻轉北北基宜生活圈？</title><content type='html'>&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 4pt; margin-top: 14pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 13pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;告別塞車惡夢：北宜高鐵、基隆捷運如何翻轉北北基宜生活圈？&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;引言：北部核心的交通困境&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;台灣北部，特別是北北基宜地區，作為國家政治、經濟與觀光的核心樞紐，其交通網絡的健全與否，直接影響著數百萬居民的生活品質與區域發展動能。然而，長期以來，這片土地飽受交通瓶頸之苦。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;國道5號每逢假日必塞，雪山隧道北上尖峰時段車流量高達每日3.5萬輛次，遠超設計容量每小時2,400輛次，壅塞已成常態 。宜蘭與西部間的旅次需求龐大，假日旅次量是平日的2.6倍，預計至2031年假日旅次將再增加20%，達到約27.1萬人次/日，其中與北基間的往來旅次佔比高達6成 。這些數據明確指出，現有公路運能已遠遠無法負荷日益增長的需求。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;同時，台鐵東部幹線也長期飽受「一票難求」的困擾 。尤其在春節等尖峰時段，即使台鐵加開班次並首度發售熱門列車站票，車票仍是「秒殺」 。這突顯了台鐵東部幹線運能的嚴重不足，其系統性瓶頸複雜，主要包括：樹林到七堵路段軌道滿載，限制班次增加 ；宜蘭線彎道多，影響快車速度 ；北迴線貨運列車時速慢，形同「移動路障」 ；以及花東線部分單軌，限制班次加開 。過去十年，台鐵雖投入近500億元採購列車及電氣化，但返鄉票僅增加304張，反映政策規劃未能從根本解決問題 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;此外，基隆市作為全國通勤人口比例最高的城市，其聯外交通與市區亂象，更讓市民苦不堪言 。每日通勤的塞車之苦不僅耗費時間，更嚴重影響生活品質 。市區交通政策長期紊亂，缺乏整體規劃與專業配套，導致電動機車大量湧入、騎樓停車混亂、行人空間不足等亂象 。國道一號五堵交流道長期壅塞，也使得基隆的聯外交通極為不便 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;為根本解決這些問題，交通部擘劃「西部高鐵、東部快鐵」的國土發展策略 。在此宏觀願景下，北宜直鐵（或高鐵延伸宜蘭）與基隆捷運，被視為建構環島高效鐵路網、提升區域聯外運輸效率、促進國土均衡發展的兩大關鍵動脈 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;北宜高鐵：東部發展的加速器&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;「北宜鐵路提速工程計畫」的推動，旨在為國道5號提供高效替代方案，並顯著縮短台北至宜蘭乃至花蓮的鐵路旅行時間，目標將台北至花蓮從目前的140分鐘縮短至90分鐘內 。這意味著台北至宜蘭的旅行時間將從台鐵現行的約70分鐘，大幅縮短至33至39分鐘 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;最初，計畫曾研擬興建北宜直線鐵路，其中南港至頭城方案因路線最短、最能有效轉移國道5號車流而受青睞 。然而，考量到台鐵樹林至七堵區間的軌道容量限制，即使新闢直鐵也難以有效增開班次 ，交通部於2019年改採高鐵延伸宜蘭方案 。高鐵延伸宜蘭總長約60.6公里，預計工期11年（2025年～2036年），其獨立系統的特性被認為更能突破既有台鐵瓶頸，提供真正的運能提升 。鐵道局強調，高鐵延伸宜蘭從台北車站出發可較直鐵方案快15分鐘，這成為選擇高鐵的重要速度優勢 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;高鐵延伸宜蘭的效益是多方面的。它將顯著縮短旅行時間，並預計將東部幹線運能提升至少2倍，有效解決「一票難求」問題 。高效的鐵路運輸將吸引大量公路旅次轉移，從根本上緩解國道5號雪山隧道的常態性壅塞 。更重要的是，高鐵的引入將促進宜蘭區域的平衡發展與產業推動，使其成為台灣東部的交通運輸樞紐中心，帶動周邊發展 。最終，大幅縮短的旅行時間將使北北基宜乃至花東地區形成更緊密的一日生活圈，加速城鄉均衡發展 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;然而，這項計畫也面臨嚴峻挑戰。穿越翡翠水庫集水區引發對大台北飲用水源的衝擊疑慮 ，儘管鐵道局已規劃避開集水區的方案 ，但環評委員仍要求深入評估水質保護、地質構造等環境影響 。沿線開挖10座隧道可能衝擊保育類魚類棲息地，並需移除約1.6萬株樹木，其補植計畫仍需強化 。此外，高達約2893億元的工程經費 ，若加上蘭陽平原段土地徵收費用，總經費可能遠超北宜直鐵的2倍以上 ，對政府財政構成巨大壓力 。儘管有聲音擔憂高鐵引入將「斬斷台鐵生命線」 ，但鐵道局強調應從「整體路網」角度看待，透過高鐵、台鐵、捷運的功能分工，共同提升區域運輸效率 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;基隆捷運：港都轉型的關鍵引擎&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;基隆捷運的建設，是為了解決基隆市長期以來的通勤困境，提升大眾運輸使用率，並透過大眾運輸導向發展（TOD）模式，促進城市整體發展的關鍵策略。基隆市擁有全國最高的通勤人口比例，每日通勤的塞車之苦嚴重影響市民生活品質 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;基隆捷運的規劃歷經多次變革，從最初的輕軌系統，最終於2022年拍板定案升級為中運量捷運系統 。第一期路線預計從南港延伸至八堵，共設置13站，全長約16.05公里 。最終路線總長約19.1公里，共有17個站點，將使基隆成為第一個擁有中運量捷運系統的非直轄市 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;路線規劃的演變也反映了對區域聯結和產業發展的深思。基隆捷運旨在與汐止民生線合併施工，並將終點延伸至南港車站，以發揮最大效能，串聯起內湖、南港、汐止和基隆，形成一個共同宜居的生活圈與產業廊帶 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;這項整合將兩條軌道系統在大同路重疊的路段整合成一個，有效縮小路網量體，減少對道路交通與路寬的衝擊。同時，透過共用社后機廠，可提升資源利用效率。兩線整合形成Y字型路網，不僅擴大服務範圍，更大幅提升民眾轉乘的便利性，特別是為汐止居民提供了通往南港的更多選擇。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 新北市與基隆市已達成共識，將採「細設先行」策略，優先推動高架段的細部設計招標，目標在2033年完工 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;border: none; display: inline-block; height: 351px; overflow: hidden; width: 553px;&quot;&gt;&lt;img height=&quot;351&quot; src=&quot;https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXegy6kR4coQPPbuKld5EkBfKScDAwtv6mUhOR5rfTGHDcdjPSaXrSxI1O-APh80Jhjodhw9bVOu1WB93ZNKt8IFjVnp5ha6ggkYwvIoqyIUeYbhklkkRUb9lYnnEOTuaoXGlMxiVQ?key=F9XobuVd1HIkgfZyZuNeew&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot; width=&quot;553&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;值得注意的是，基隆捷運的路線規劃也融入了對沿線區域發展的戰略定位 。例如，北五堵站作為捷運自雙北進入基隆的首站，具備銜接內湖、南港、汐止高科技產業鏈的地理優勢，未來將打造為「基隆智慧科技園區」，引導貨櫃場轉型並吸引高科技產業進駐 。八堵站則規劃為山海觀光商業區與雙鐵共站宜居生活城 。這種將每個站點與特定都市機能和產業發展相結合的規劃，顯示基隆捷運不僅是交通建設，更是帶動城市發展及產業轉型的「關鍵引擎」 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;border: none; display: inline-block; height: 336px; overflow: hidden; width: 624px;&quot;&gt;&lt;img height=&quot;336&quot; src=&quot;https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXe-WXKtw2SXgHV4ma1LH01Ls4QOx1ENzlXV-7dHlzI452OzzbPbrbmnkOtLH2YHXX-R_7jJzOzTYhH5W051JiPOAZ56BD8Mepeim4zk02Dydp1-qG99ybk-cQfeWzpue8A3-zQ-FQ?key=F9XobuVd1HIkgfZyZuNeew&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;&quot; width=&quot;624&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;基隆捷運的建設將大幅提升運輸容量，中運量捷運系統的運能將從每小時5,000人提升至1萬至1.5萬人次 ，有效緩解基隆與雙北間的通勤壓力。它將成為帶動基隆河谷廊帶產業升級與都市轉型的核心動力 ，透過串聯既有大汐止經貿園區、南港及內湖科技園區，形塑「北北基生技產業廊帶」 。這將促進棕地轉型，吸引高科技產業進駐，增加就業人口，並透過TOD（大眾運輸導向發展）理念，引導城市高密度、複合式使用與行人友善的都市設計 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;然而，基隆捷運計畫面臨的主要挑戰是龐大的經費分攤與地方財政負擔問題。第一階段（八堵至南港）的總開發經費已從原先的425億元暴增至697億元 ，導致基隆市地方應負擔額從17.7億元暴增至53.85億元 。基隆市長謝國樑對此表達強烈不滿，認為中央應全額負擔，因為基隆捷運計畫屬中央所規劃的捷運建設，旨在改善台鐵樹林與七堵間的容量瓶頸等全國性問題 。路線優化與用地取得也是嚴峻挑戰，基隆捷運從原先沿用台鐵路權改行市區道路的方案，雖然可服務更多旅次，但用地取得將成為嚴峻課題，可能導致計畫延宕 。此外，基隆捷運與汐東捷運在市區路段形成Y字型路線，旨在擴大服務範圍並提升轉乘便利性，加強內湖、南港、汐止、保長坑、北五堵等產業區的串聯，塑造北北基生技產業廊帶 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;儘管這種整合帶來了縮小量體、便利轉乘和共用機廠等優勢，但Y字型路網也可能導致營運班距拉長，影響整體效率 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;雙軌共構：北北基宜的協同願景&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;北宜高鐵與基隆捷運這兩項重大軌道建設，並非孤立的單一工程，而是北北基宜區域整體交通路網中相互依存、互補協同的關鍵組成部分。它們的共同目標是提升區域整體運輸效率，促進城鄉均衡發展，並解決長期困擾北台灣的交通瓶頸。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;首先，兩項計畫在解決「樹林至七堵」台鐵瓶頸問題上具有潛在的協同作用。高鐵延伸宜蘭的建設，作為一個獨立於台鐵的高速系統，能夠承擔大量長途客運旅次，從而分流台鐵東部幹線的壓力 。這將為台鐵騰出寶貴的容量，使其能夠增加區間車班次，提升短途通勤服務，進而與基隆捷運形成更有效的接駁，共同提升北北基宜地區的軌道運輸效率 。基隆捷運本身也因其作為中央規劃項目，被賦予改善台鐵樹林與七堵間容量瓶頸的任務 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;其次，兩項計畫共同促進北北基宜區域的平衡發展。高鐵延伸宜蘭將宜蘭納入大台北一日生活圈，提升其產業發展潛力 。基隆捷運則透過TOD模式，帶動基隆河谷廊帶的產業升級與都市轉型，將北五堵打造成「基隆智慧科技園區」，增加就業機會，吸引人口回流 。這種交通與產業、都市發展的緊密結合，將促進北北基宜區域內部的資源重新配置與產業鏈結。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;再者，兩條軌道系統的建設將強化北北基宜地區的城際連結與大眾運輸骨幹。高鐵延伸宜蘭將完善台灣環島高快速鐵路網的最後一哩路 。基隆捷運則將基隆與南港、汐止、內湖等大台北都會區的科技與商業中心緊密串聯，形成「北北基生技產業廊帶」 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;基隆捷運與汐東捷運的整合，不僅能縮小路網量體、便利轉乘，並透過共用機廠提升資源效率，&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 這種多層次、多模式的軌道網絡，將提供民眾更多元、便捷的通勤與觀光選擇，提升區域整體的大眾運輸使用率，符合台北與新北市政府推動綠色運輸、提升大眾運輸市佔率的長期目標 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;然而，要充分發揮這些協同效益，跨域協調與整合規劃至關重要。基隆捷運與汐東捷運的整合、與台鐵路線的協調，以及與台北捷運路網的銜接，都需要北北基三市政府及中央交通部門的高度共識與緊密合作 。例如，基隆捷運路線變更對台鐵第三軌路廊的潛在影響，都必須在整體路網優化的前提下進行評估與決策 。唯有透過整合性的國土與交通規劃，才能確保這些大型基礎建設發揮最大綜效，避免資源重複投入或效益相互抵消。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;展望未來：挑戰與前行&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;北宜高鐵與基隆捷運兩項軌道建設，對於北北基宜區域的未來發展具有不可或缺的關鍵重要性。它們不僅是解決當前國道5號壅塞、台鐵「一票難求」以及基隆通勤困境的必要之舉，更是引導北北基宜區域邁向永續發展、提升生活品質、實現國土均衡的戰略性投資。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;儘管面臨環境影響、龐大經費與跨域整合等挑戰，但其預期效益深遠。為確保計畫順利推進並最大化其效益，以下政策建議至關重要：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 24pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;強化跨域協調與溝通機制：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 針對基隆捷運的經費分攤爭議與路線整合問題，中央政府應主動與北北基三市政府建立高效、透明的溝通平台，明確權責，並尋求創新的財務解決方案，如透過區段徵收等方式減輕地方負擔，以建立共識並加速計畫審議與執行 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;落實環境永續與風險管理：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 高鐵延伸宜蘭計畫應持續強化環境影響評估的深度與廣度，特別是針對水源保護區、生態敏感區及地質條件的影響，提出更具體、可行的減輕措施與監測計畫 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;優化軌道網絡整合與功能分工：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 從「整體路網」角度出發，持續優化北宜高鐵、台鐵東部幹線、基隆捷運、汐東捷運乃至台北捷運路網的整合與功能分工 。確保各系統之間能有效轉乘、互補而非競爭，以最大化整體運輸效益 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 24pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;推動大眾運輸導向發展（TOD）與人本交通：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 基隆捷運的建設應與基隆市的都市更新、產業轉型和人本交通政策緊密結合 。透過TOD理念引導車站周邊的高密度、複合式發展，並配合推動機車退出騎樓、改善行人空間等措施，確保捷運不僅是交通工具，更是城市發展與生活品質提升的催化劑 。&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;總而言之，北宜高鐵與基隆捷運的成功推動，將為台灣北部地區的未來發展開啟新的篇章，擘劃一個更便捷、更繁榮、更永續的北北基宜新紀元。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;docs-internal-guid-b85b413d-7fff-64c5-e808-086b01694a65&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/feeds/4897259959990627851/comments/default' title='張貼留言'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/07/blog-post_14.html#comment-form' title='0 個意見'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/4897259959990627851'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/4897259959990627851'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/07/blog-post_14.html' title='告別塞車惡夢：北宜高鐵、基隆捷運如何翻轉北北基宜生活圈？'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXegy6kR4coQPPbuKld5EkBfKScDAwtv6mUhOR5rfTGHDcdjPSaXrSxI1O-APh80Jhjodhw9bVOu1WB93ZNKt8IFjVnp5ha6ggkYwvIoqyIUeYbhklkkRUb9lYnnEOTuaoXGlMxiVQ=s72-c?key=F9XobuVd1HIkgfZyZuNeew" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-1548921555724687024</id><published>2025-07-14T00:02:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2025-07-14T00:02:45.903-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="土木技師&#xa;測量學"/><title type='text'>114年度土木工程技師測量學模擬試題與詳解報告</title><content type='html'>&lt;span id=&quot;docs-internal-guid-fbc3b292-7fff-3416-9916-39a9df44a190&quot;&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b id=&quot;docs-internal-guid-ff87e868-7fff-61f9-a471-09f4c390e438&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h1 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;114年度土木工程技師測量學模擬試題與詳解報告&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;考試科目與時間說明&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;考試科目：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 測量學&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;考試時間：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 2小時&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;配分：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 每題25分，總計100分。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;作答說明：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;禁止使用電子計算器。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;本科目除專門名詞或數理公式外，應使用本國文字作答。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h2 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;試題一：水準測量閉合差檢核與高程平差&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;問題：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;一、某水準路線從已知高程點A (高程 = 100.000 m) 出發，依序觀測至B、C兩點，最後閉合於A點。觀測數據如下表所示。測站間距AB = 0.5 km, BC = 0.8 km, CA = 0.7 km。試計算B、C兩點的高程，並檢核水準路線的閉合差。若閉合差在允許範圍內（假設允許閉合差為 ±10√L mm，L為路線總長度，單位為公里），請進行高程平差。(25 分)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;left&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;table style=&quot;border-collapse: collapse; border: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;colgroup&gt;&lt;col width=&quot;208&quot;&gt;&lt;/col&gt;&lt;col width=&quot;208&quot;&gt;&lt;/col&gt;&lt;col width=&quot;208&quot;&gt;&lt;/col&gt;&lt;/colgroup&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;測站&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;後視讀數 (m)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;前視讀數 (m)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;1 (A-B)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;1.234&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;0.890&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;2 (B-C)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;1.567&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;1.789&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;3 (C-A)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;1.111&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;1.456&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;試題一：解析&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;1. 計算各測段高差：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;測段AB高差 (h_AB) = 後視讀數(A) - 前視讀數(B) = 1.234 - 0.890 = +0.344 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;測段BC高差 (h_BC) = 後視讀數(B) - 前視讀數(C) = 1.567 - 1.789 = -0.222 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;測段CA高差 (h_CA) = 後視讀數(C) - 前視讀數(A) = 1.111 - 1.456 = -0.345 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;2. 計算閉合差 (f_h)：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;閉合差為各測段高差之和：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;f_h = h_AB + h_BC + h_CA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;f_h = +0.344 + (-0.222) + (-0.345)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;f_h = +0.344 - 0.222 - 0.345 = -0.223 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;3. 計算水準路線總長度 (L)：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;L = AB + BC + CA = 0.5 km + 0.8 km + 0.7 km = 2.0 km&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;4. 檢核允許閉合差 (f_允許)：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;允許閉合差 = ±10√L mm = ±10√2.0 mm ≈ ±10 × 1.414 mm = ±14.14 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;將閉合差 f_h 轉換為 mm：-0.223 m = -223 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;5. 判斷閉合差是否在允許範圍內：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;|f_h| = |-223 mm| = 223 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;|f_允許| = 14.14 mm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;由於 223 mm &amp;gt; 14.14 mm，閉合差超出允許範圍。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;結論：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;由於水準路線的閉合差 (-223 mm) 超出允許閉合差 (±14.14 mm)，這表示觀測數據存在較大的錯誤或粗差，不應直接進行平差。在實際工程中，應重新檢查觀測記錄，或重新進行外業測量，直到閉合差在允許範圍內為止。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;若閉合差在允許範圍內，高程平差步驟（假設閉合差為 -10 mm，僅為示範）：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;如果閉合差在允許範圍內，則需要將閉合差按測段長度比例分配到各測段高差中。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;改正數 (v_i) = -f_h × (L_i / L_總)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;總閉合差 f_h = -10 mm = -0.010 m (假設值，用於示範平差)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;計算各測段改正數：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;v_AB = -(-0.010) × (0.5 / 2.0) = +0.010 × 0.25 = +0.0025 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;v_BC = -(-0.010) × (0.8 / 2.0) = +0.010 × 0.40 = +0.0040 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;v_CA = -(-0.010) × (0.7 / 2.0) = +0.010 × 0.35 = +0.0035 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;檢核：v_AB + v_BC + v_CA = 0.0025 + 0.0040 + 0.0035 = +0.010 m (與 -f_h 相等，正確)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;計算平差後高差 (h&#39;_i)：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;h&#39;_AB = h_AB + v_AB = +0.344 + 0.0025 = +0.3465 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;h&#39;_BC = h_BC + v_BC = -0.222 + 0.0040 = -0.2180 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;h&#39;_CA = h_CA + v_CA = -0.345 + 0.0035 = -0.3415 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;計算平差後點位高程：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;H_A = 100.000 m (已知)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;H_B = H_A + h&#39;_AB = 100.000 + 0.3465 = 100.3465 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;H_C = H_B + h&#39;_BC = 100.3465 + (-0.2180) = 100.1285 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;檢核：H_A_檢核 = H_C + h&#39;_CA = 100.1285 + (-0.3415) = 99.7870 m (此處應為100.000m，說明平差後的閉合差為0，但由於原始數據閉合差過大，此平差結果僅為示範，不具實際意義。)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;重要提示：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 在實際工程中，當閉合差超出允許範圍時，絕不能直接進行平差。必須找出錯誤來源並重新測量。本題的計算結果明確指出需要重新測量。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;試題二：面積與體積計算&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;問題：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;二、某工地欲進行土方開挖，其邊界點坐標如下：P1(100.00, 200.00), P2(150.00, 210.00), P3(160.00, 180.00), P4(120.00, 170.00)。若該區域平均開挖深度為2.50 m，試計算該開挖區域的面積及所需開挖的土方體積。(25 分)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;試題二：解析&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;1. 計算開挖區域的面積 (A)：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;採用坐標法計算多邊形面積。公式為：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;A = 1/2 | (X1Y2 + X2Y3 + X3Y4 + X4Y1) - (Y1X2 + Y2X3 + Y3X4 + Y4X1) |&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;將點位坐標按順序排列：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;P1: (X1, Y1) = (100.00, 200.00)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;P2: (X2, Y2) = (150.00, 210.00)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;P3: (X3, Y3) = (160.00, 180.00)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;P4: (X4, Y4) = (120.00, 170.00)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;計算 (Xi * Yi+1) 的和：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;X1Y2 = 100.00 × 210.00 = 21000.00&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;X2Y3 = 150.00 × 180.00 = 27000.00&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;X3Y4 = 160.00 × 170.00 = 27200.00&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;X4Y1 = 120.00 × 200.00 = 24000.00&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;Sum1 = 21000.00 + 27000.00 + 27200.00 + 24000.00 = 99200.00&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;計算 (Yi * Xi+1) 的和：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;Y1X2 = 200.00 × 150.00 = 30000.00&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;Y2X3 = 210.00 × 160.00 = 33600.00&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;Y3X4 = 180.00 × 120.00 = 21600.00&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;Y4X1 = 170.00 × 100.00 = 17000.00&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;Sum2 = 30000.00 + 33600.00 + 21600.00 + 17000.00 = 102200.00&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;面積 A = 1/2 | Sum1 - Sum2 |&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;A = 1/2 | 99200.00 - 102200.00 |&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;A = 1/2 | -3000.00 |&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;A = 1/2 × 3000.00 = 1500.00 平方公尺 (m²)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;2. 計算所需開挖的土方體積 (V)：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;體積 V = 面積 A × 平均開挖深度 H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;已知平均開挖深度 H = 2.50 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;V = 1500.00 m² × 2.50 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;V = 3750.00 立方公尺 (m³)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;結論：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;該開挖區域的面積為 1500.00 平方公尺，所需開挖的土方體積為 3750.00 立方公尺。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;試題三：GNSS在施工測量中的應用、優勢與限制&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;問題：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;三、全球導航衛星系統 (GNSS) 已廣泛應用於土木工程施工測量。試說明GNSS在施工測量中的主要應用，並闡述相較於傳統測量方法，GNSS在施工測量中的優勢與限制。(25 分)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;試題三：解析&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;一、GNSS在施工測量中的主要應用：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;全球導航衛星系統（Global Navigation Satellite System, GNSS），包括美國的GPS、俄羅斯的GLONASS、歐洲的Galileo和中國的北斗等，已成為現代土木工程施工測量的核心技術。其主要應用包括：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;控制測量與控制網建立：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; GNSS可用於快速、高精度地建立施工區域的平面和高程控制網。通過靜態測量或RTK（即時動態測量）技術，可以高效地布設控制點，為後續的施工放樣提供高精度的基準。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;施工放樣 (Stakeout)：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 這是GNSS在施工中最廣泛的應用之一。無論是建築物基礎、道路中線、橋樑墩台、隧道洞口、管線鋪設、邊坡線等，GNSS接收機可以直接在現場引導施工人員精確定位設計點位，大大提高放樣效率和精度。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;地形測量與土方計算：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; GNSS結合移動測量模式（如RTK或PPK），可以快速採集大量地形點數據，用於生成高精度數位地形模型（DTM/DEM），進而進行土方量計算（挖填方）、坡度分析等，為施工規劃和進度管理提供依據。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;機械控制與自動化施工：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; GNSS系統可直接整合到推土機、平地機、挖土機等重型施工機械上，實現自動化精準作業。操作員只需監控螢幕，機械即可根據設計模型自動調整刀片或鏟斗位置，大幅提升施工效率、精度和安全性，減少人工干預。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;變形監測：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 對於橋樑、大壩、高層建築、邊坡等重要結構物，GNSS可用於長期、連續地監測其微小變形，及時發現潛在的安全隱患，為結構安全評估提供數據支持。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;竣工測量與驗收：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 工程完工後，利用GNSS對實際竣工成果進行測量，與設計圖進行比對，核實工程是否符合設計要求，並生成竣工圖。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;二、GNSS相較於傳統測量方法的優勢：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;高效率：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; GNSS測量無需通視條件，單人即可操作，且數據採集速度快，尤其在RTK模式下可實現即時定位，大大縮短了外業工作時間。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;高精度：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 配合差分技術（如RTK、CORS系統），GNSS可提供公分級甚至毫米級的定位精度，滿足大多數土木工程的精度要求。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;全天候作業：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; GNSS不受天氣條件（如霧、雨、夜間）的影響，只要能接收到足夠的衛星信號，即可進行測量。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;操作簡便：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 現代GNSS接收機操作介面通常較為直觀，學習曲線相對較短，降低了對操作人員專業技能的依賴。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;數據整合性強：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; GNSS直接提供三維坐標數據，易於與CAD、GIS等軟體結合，實現數據的無縫傳輸、處理和可視化。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;節省人力成本：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 由於操作效率高且可實現自動化機械控制，GNSS能顯著減少現場測量人員的需求。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;三、GNSS在施工測量中的限制：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;衛星信號遮蔽：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 在高樓林立的城市峽谷、茂密的森林、隧道、橋下或深挖基坑等區域，衛星信號可能被遮蔽或阻擋，導致無法定位或精度下降。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;多路徑效應 (Multipath Effect)：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 衛星信號在到達接收機天線前，可能被周圍的建築物、地面或其他反射面反射，導致接收機接收到多個信號，影響定位精度。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;電離層與對流層延遲：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 衛星信號穿過大氣層時會受到電離層和對流層的影響而產生延遲，雖然差分技術可以大部分消除，但在長基線或惡劣大氣條件下仍可能存在殘餘誤差。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;初始化時間：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 對於RTK等動態測量模式，接收機需要一定的初始化時間才能達到高精度定位，在信號不穩定的環境下，初始化可能失敗或耗時較長。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;設備成本：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 高精度的GNSS接收機和相關軟體系統的初期投資成本相對較高。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;數據安全與可靠性：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt; 雖然GNSS系統本身具有高可靠性，但在某些特殊情況下（如衛星故障、信號干擾、惡意欺騙），數據的可靠性可能受到影響。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;總體而言，GNSS技術為土木工程施工測量帶來了革命性的變革，極大地提升了效率和精度。然而，工程師在應用時仍需充分了解其工作原理、優勢與限制，並結合實際工程環境，選擇合適的測量方法和技術組合，以確保測量成果的可靠性。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;試題四：圓曲線要素計算與偏角法放樣原理&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;問題：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: &#39;Google Sans Text&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;四、一條道路設計中包含一段圓曲線。已知該圓曲線的交點樁號為K1+250.00，交點內角為60°，設計半徑為R=300.00 m。試計算該圓曲線的切線長(T)、曲線長(L)、外距(E)及中點距(M)。若欲採用偏角法進行曲線放樣，請說明其基本原理與步驟。(25 分)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &#39;Google Sans&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;試題四：解析&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;一、圓曲線要素計算：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;已知條件：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;交點樁號 (PI樁號) = K1+250.00 = 1250.00 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;交點內角 (I) = 60°&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;設計半徑 (R) = 300.00 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;首先，需要將交點內角轉換為圓曲線的偏向角 (Δ)。對於單圓曲線，偏向角 Δ 等於交點內角 I。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;所以，Δ = 60°。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;1. 切線長 (T)：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;切線長是從切點 (PC或PT) 到交點 (PI) 的距離。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;T = R × tan(Δ/2)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;T = 300.00 × tan(60°/2)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;T = 300.00 × tan(30°)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;T = 300.00 × 0.57735&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;T ≈ 173.205 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;2. 曲線長 (L)：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;曲線長是從起點 (PC) 沿曲線到終點 (PT) 的弧長。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;L = (π × R × Δ) / 180° (Δ以度為單位)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;L = (π × 300.00 × 60) / 180&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;L = (π × 300.00) / 3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;L = 100π&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;L ≈ 314.159 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;3. 外距 (E)：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;外距是從交點 (PI) 到曲線中點 (MC) 的距離。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;E = R × [sec(Δ/2) - 1] 或 E = R × [1/cos(Δ/2) - 1]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;E = 300.00 × [1/cos(30°) - 1]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;E = 300.00 × [1/0.866025 - 1]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;E = 300.00 × [1.1547 - 1]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;E = 300.00 × 0.1547&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;E ≈ 46.410 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;4. 中點距 (M)：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;中點距是從曲線中點 (MC) 到長弦中點的距離。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;M = R - R × cos(Δ/2) = R × [1 - cos(Δ/2)]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;M = 300.00 × [1 - cos(30°)]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;M = 300.00 × [1 - 0.866025]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;M = 300.00 × 0.133975&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;M ≈ 40.1925 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;計算結果匯總：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;切線長 (T) ≈ 173.205 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;曲線長 (L) ≈ 314.159 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;外距 (E) ≈ 46.410 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;中點距 (M) ≈ 40.193 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;二、偏角法進行曲線放樣的基本原理與步驟：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;基本原理：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;偏角法（Deflection Angle Method）是道路圓曲線放樣中最常用且精確的方法之一。其基本原理是利用圓周角定理：圓周上任一點對圓心所張的角（圓心角）是其所對弧長所對應的弦與切線所夾角（偏角）的兩倍。或者說，從圓曲線起點（PC）沿切線方向量測的偏角，等於該點到PC點所對應弧長所對應的弦與PC點切線的夾角。通過計算一系列放樣點的偏角和弦長，可以在現場精確地將設計曲線放樣出來。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;步驟：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;計算曲線要素：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;首先，根據設計參數（R, Δ）計算出切線長(T)、曲線長(L)等所有曲線要素，如上述計算。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;確定切點樁號：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;曲線起點樁號 (PC樁號) = 交點樁號 (PI樁號) - T&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;PC樁號 = K1+250.00 - 173.205 m = K0+76.795&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;曲線終點樁號 (PT樁號) = PC樁號 + L&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;PT樁號 = K0+76.795 + 314.159 m = K3+90.954&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;確定放樣點樁號與間距：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;根據設計要求和精度，確定放樣點的樁號。通常會選擇整樁號（如每20m或25m）作為放樣點，並計算PC點到第一個整樁號點的不足長，以及最後一個整樁號點到PT點的不足長。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;計算各放樣點的偏角與弦長：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;以PC點為測站，PC點的切線為方向基準線。對於任意一個放樣點 i (樁號為 K_i)，其到PC點的弧長為 l_i，則其偏角 (δ_i) 和弦長 (C_i) 計算如下：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;偏角 (δ_i)： δ_i = (l_i × 180°) / (2πR) (度) 或 δ_i = (l_i × 180°) / (πR) (度) / 2 (因為偏角是圓心角的一半)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;更常用的是：δ_i (弧度) = l_i / (2R)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;δ_i (度) = (l_i / R) * (180 / π) / 2 = (l_i / R) * 57.29578 / 2 = (l_i / R) * 28.64789&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;或者，如果使用弦長 C_i：sin(δ_i) = C_i / (2R)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;弦長 (C_i)：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; C_i = 2R × sin(δ_i) (從PC點到放樣點i的總弦長)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 24pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;通常會計算從PC點到各放樣點的累積偏角和累積弦長。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;現場放樣步驟：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;架設儀器：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 將經緯儀或全站儀精確架設在PC點上，並精確對中和整平。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;定向：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 將儀器照準交點 (PI) 方向，並將水平度盤讀數歸零（或設定為切線方向的基準讀數）。此方向即為PC點的切線方向。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;放樣第一個點：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 旋轉儀器至第一個放樣點的計算偏角 (δ_1)，同時沿該偏角方向量測計算弦長 (C_1)。該弦長末端即為第一個放樣點。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;放樣後續點：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 依序旋轉儀器至下一個放樣點的計算偏角 (δ_i)，並量測其累積弦長 (C_i)。重複此步驟，直到所有放樣點都完成。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;檢核：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 放樣完成後，應在PT點進行檢核。儀器照準PT點時，其讀數應與計算的總偏角 (Δ/2) 相符，且從PC到PT的總弦長應與計算的長弦長相符。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;偏角法操作直觀，計算相對簡單，且精度較高，因此在道路、鐵路等線性工程的曲線放樣中得到廣泛應用。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: 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    &lt;title&gt;水準測量路線示意圖&lt;/title&gt;
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        &lt;h2&gt;水準測量路線示意圖&lt;/h2&gt;
        &lt;p&gt;本圖展示了試題一中描述的水準測量路線。測量從已知高程點 A 出發，依序經過 B 點和 C 點，最終閉合回 A 點，形成一個閉合水準路線。&lt;/p&gt;

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                &lt;text fill=&quot;#e74c3c&quot; font-weight=&quot;bold&quot; text-anchor=&quot;middle&quot; x=&quot;100&quot; y=&quot;125&quot;&gt;A (已知高程)&lt;/text&gt;

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                &lt;text fill=&quot;#3498db&quot; font-weight=&quot;bold&quot; text-anchor=&quot;middle&quot; x=&quot;300&quot; y=&quot;125&quot;&gt;B&lt;/text&gt;

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                &lt;text fill=&quot;#333&quot; font-size=&quot;0.9em&quot; text-anchor=&quot;middle&quot; x=&quot;200&quot; y=&quot;80&quot;&gt;測站 1 (A-B)&lt;/text&gt;
                &lt;text fill=&quot;#666&quot; font-size=&quot;0.8em&quot; text-anchor=&quot;middle&quot; x=&quot;200&quot; y=&quot;65&quot;&gt;間距: 0.5 km&lt;/text&gt;

                &lt;line marker-end=&quot;url(#arrowhead)&quot; stroke-width=&quot;1&quot; stroke=&quot;#333&quot; x1=&quot;305&quot; x2=&quot;495&quot; y1=&quot;90&quot; y2=&quot;90&quot;&gt;
                &lt;text fill=&quot;#333&quot; font-size=&quot;0.9em&quot; text-anchor=&quot;middle&quot; x=&quot;400&quot; y=&quot;80&quot;&gt;測站 2 (B-C)&lt;/text&gt;
                &lt;text fill=&quot;#666&quot; font-size=&quot;0.8em&quot; text-anchor=&quot;middle&quot; x=&quot;400&quot; y=&quot;65&quot;&gt;間距: 0.8 km&lt;/text&gt;

                &lt;line marker-end=&quot;url(#arrowhead)&quot; stroke-width=&quot;1&quot; stroke=&quot;#333&quot; x1=&quot;495&quot; x2=&quot;105&quot; y1=&quot;110&quot; y2=&quot;110&quot;&gt;
                &lt;text fill=&quot;#333&quot; font-size=&quot;0.9em&quot; text-anchor=&quot;middle&quot; x=&quot;300&quot; y=&quot;140&quot;&gt;測站 3 (C-A)&lt;/text&gt;
                &lt;text fill=&quot;#666&quot; font-size=&quot;0.8em&quot; text-anchor=&quot;middle&quot; x=&quot;300&quot; y=&quot;155&quot;&gt;間距: 0.7 km&lt;/text&gt;

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            &lt;p class=&quot;caption&quot;&gt;圖1：水準測量閉合路線示意圖&lt;/p&gt;
        &lt;/div&gt;

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            &lt;strong&gt;說明：&lt;/strong&gt;
            &lt;ul&gt;
                &lt;li&gt;圖中 A、B、C 代表水準測量點。&lt;/li&gt;
                &lt;li&gt;箭頭表示測量方向，即水準儀從後視點架設並觀測前視點的方向。&lt;/li&gt;
                &lt;li&gt;測站 1 測量 A 到 B 的高差。&lt;/li&gt;
                &lt;li&gt;測站 2 測量 B 到 C 的高差。&lt;/li&gt;
                &lt;li&gt;測站 3 測量 C 到 A 的高差，完成閉合。&lt;/li&gt;
                &lt;li&gt;各測站間距已標示於圖中。&lt;/li&gt;
            &lt;/ul&gt;
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&lt;/html&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/feeds/1548921555724687024/comments/default' title='張貼留言'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/07/114.html#comment-form' title='0 個意見'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/1548921555724687024'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/1548921555724687024'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/07/114.html' title='114年度土木工程技師測量學模擬試題與詳解報告'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-141722630097336666</id><published>2025-07-13T22:38:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2025-07-13T22:39:39.264-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="淨零碳排"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="鐵路相關"/><title type='text'>北宜直鐵之必要性：從交通困境、政策回顧到綠色運輸願景</title><content type='html'>&lt;span id=&quot;docs-internal-guid-3efb3d2a-7fff-7c1e-0b5b-3c69ce9bdc15&quot;&gt;&lt;h1 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;北宜直鐵之必要性：從交通困境、政策回顧到綠色運輸願景&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;h2 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 11.25pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;I. 導論：北宜交通困境與直鐵興建之核心議題&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 11.25pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;台灣東北部交通命脈——國道五號（國5）及其雪山隧道，長期飽受交通壅塞之苦，尤其假日車流常超出設計容量兩倍以上 。這不僅阻礙區域經濟發展，更為宜蘭居民生活帶來沉重負擔。興建北宜直鐵的構想（目前已演進為「北宜鐵路提速工程計畫」中的高鐵延伸宜蘭方案）被視為一項根本性、高容量的解決方案，旨在提供高效替代運輸途徑，以緩解公路運輸壓力 。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;II. 雪山隧道壅塞問題之根源與現有管理措施之極限&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;A. 壅塞成因深度剖析&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;雪山隧道長期壅塞的核心原因，在於不斷增長的需求量與隧道固有設計容量之間存在嚴重失衡。假日車流量經常飆升至4萬輛次以上，遠超設計的2萬8千輛次 。長隧道特有的安全規定，如強制保持安全車距及禁止變換車道，使得實際通行能力僅達同等平面道路的約60% ，形成難以擴展的物理瓶頸。此外，宜蘭觀光旅次多以自駕為主，且縣內大眾運輸接駁不足，進一步加劇了公路擁堵 。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;B. 交通管理手段之全面回顧與成效評估&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;過去十年，交通部雖實施嚴格匝道儀控、高乘載管制、大客車專用道、尖離峰差別費率及速限調整等措施 ，但國道五號的「塞車惡夢」依舊揮之不去 。例如，2014年8月試辦尖峰時段加價五成（即1.5倍）的差別費率，因民眾不願為約20元的價差而顯著改變行程，導致民怨沸騰，未能成為常態措施 。車號單雙號管制分流的提議，也因民眾認為不公而不了了之 。這些措施多屬需求面管理，卻應用於一個早已超出其結構容量的系統，且常因不便或不公平感而遭遇強烈民意反彈。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;C. 賀陳旦部長費率政策之爭議與民意反彈&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 11.25pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;前交通部長賀陳旦曾積極倡導「以價制量」的差別費率政策，認為其對於解決國道五號壅塞「勢在必行」 。他甚至探討利用eTag技術進行「全程管理」的創新構想 。然而，現有資料明確記載，早在2014年國5曾試辦尖峰時段加價五成（1.5倍）的措施，結果卻是「引起民怨」，最終未能成為常態 。這項歷史案例清楚表明，民眾對於國5任何形式的費率調漲都抱持高度敏感。即使學者專家認同差別費率的理論價值，也曾警告若「貿然實施又不溝通」，恐將「又引發民怨」 。這充分說明了在國5上實施純粹基於價格的解決方案，存在巨大的政治與社會障礙，難以長期推行。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;III. 北宜直鐵（高鐵延伸宜蘭）之必要性與綜合效益評估&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;A. 解決雪隧壅塞之根本方案&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;鑑於雪山隧道固有的容量限制及公路交通管理策略的持續失效，交通模式的根本性轉變已是刻不容緩。軌道運輸在單位基礎設施上的載客能力遠優於公路。宜蘭縣政府明確主張，應積極推動北宜直線鐵路，以「增加鐵路旅客載運量」並「疏解國道五號壅塞情形」 。高鐵延伸宜蘭計畫預計每日可服務高達4.1萬人次的旅客 ，至2051年假日更可達6萬人次 。該計畫承諾將台北與宜蘭之間的旅行時間縮短至僅27-28分鐘 ，使其成為極具競爭力的替代選項。儘管運量預估顯示主要旅次轉移將來自現有台鐵及客運服務而非私人小汽車 ，但高鐵的引入能有效吸收國道五號已無法負荷的自然增長需求，阻止未來汽車交通量的增長，為區域提供永續、高容量的運能。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;B. 促進區域均衡發展與生活圈串聯&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;高鐵延伸宜蘭計畫是促進「北台生活圈」真正整合的關鍵基礎設施 。透過將台北與宜蘭之間的旅行時間大幅縮短至30分鐘以內，它從根本上改變了地理距離的感知，有效地將宜蘭與大台北都會區拉近。這種強化的連結性不僅是便利性，更是促進區域均衡發展、對抗首都地區人口與經濟過度集中的關鍵驅動力 。從宜蘭角度看，高鐵延伸被視為擺脫長期「邊陲化」地位、無縫融入國家主幹交通網絡的必要一步 。該計畫有望顯著提振觀光產業，改善宜蘭居民前往台北獲取專業醫療資源的便利性，並為通勤者提供每日往返的便利，預計將刺激地方產業發展並促進更廣泛的經濟增長 。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;C. 路線規劃、工程挑戰與環境考量&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;高鐵延伸宜蘭計畫路線全長約60.6公里，起點為台北南港高鐵站，終點為新建的高鐵宜蘭站 。計畫需興建10座隧道和12座橋梁 ，預計工期11年，目標2036年完工通車 。最初預估經費約新台幣2893億元 ，近期可能攀升至超過新台幣4000億元 。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 11.25pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;環境影響評估（EIA）一直是高度關注焦點。儘管環評初審已通過 ，但環評委員會仍要求鐵道局提供更詳細資料並強化減輕計畫，特別是水土保持、廢水與空氣品質管理，以及對敏感水源保護區（如翡翠水庫集水區）的潛在影響分析 。國道五號過去施工曾切斷雪山地下水水脈，導致翡翠水庫進水量減少、水質惡化，耗時五年才恢復正常 ，這段歷史經驗為環境保護敲響警鐘。計畫的巨額成本及其在直接分流私人汽車效益方面的質疑 ，也受到前交通部長賀陳旦及其他專家的關注 。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;IV. 綠色運輸：節能減碳之環境效益&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;A. 台灣運輸部門碳排放現況與減量目標&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;台灣運輸部門是溫室氣體排放的重要來源，從1990年至2008年間，二氧化碳排放量年均增長3.2% 。交通工具燃燒化石燃料產生的二氧化碳約佔全球總排放量的24% 。為應對氣候危機，台灣政府在其《永續能源政策綱領》及《運輸部門溫室氣體減量行動方案》中，明確闡述了減量目標與推動策略，包括建構便捷大眾運輸網絡以降低對私人運具的依賴 。高鐵延伸宜蘭計畫被明確列為「建構高效率綠運輸網絡」的核心措施 ，突顯其在國家氣候政策中的戰略重要性。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;B. 軌道運輸相較公路運輸之環境優勢&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;軌道運輸在環境效益方面持續優於公路運輸。每輸送一人公里所需的能源消耗量，大客車是高鐵的兩倍，小型汽車是高鐵的五倍 。在直接二氧化碳排放量方面，公路運輸每人每公里產生的排放量約為鐵路的四倍 。台灣高速鐵路公司（THSRC）的運輸服務碳足跡已獲認證為每人每公里僅32克二氧化碳當量（gCO2e），並成功在三年內將碳排放量減少了4.92% 。儘管1990年至2008年間台灣軌道運輸的二氧化碳總排放量大幅增加 ，這可解釋為運具轉移成功導致運量增長，取代了排放量高得多的私人運具，從而對國家整體排放量產生顯著正向淨效益。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;C. 北宜直鐵對永續發展之貢獻&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 11.25pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;北宜直鐵，以其高鐵延伸方案的現行形式，透過促進私人運具向高效能軌道運輸的顯著轉移，直接為國家的永續發展目標做出貢獻。它積極減少了民眾對私人汽車的普遍依賴，特別是在台北與宜蘭之間的長途旅行區段。這種私人運具使用量的減少，直接轉化為化石燃料消耗量的顯著降低以及相應的二氧化碳排放減少，完美契合台灣更廣泛的國家氣候變遷減緩目標 。北宜直鐵計畫體現了綠色運輸的核心原則，充分利用了現代鐵路系統固有的環境優勢，將鐵路堅定地定位為台灣永續運輸未來的基石。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 11.25pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;V. 結論&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;綜合上述分析，雪山隧道的交通壅塞問題本質上是一個容量不足的結構性問題，單純依靠現有的公路交通管理手段已無法從根本上解決。過去的各項措施，無論是差別費率試辦還是車號管制構想，都因其固有的局限性以及民眾強烈的反彈而未能奏效。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12.75pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;在此背景下，北宜直鐵（高鐵延伸宜蘭）的興建，不僅提供了一個根本性的高容量解決方案，能夠有效分流國道五號的車潮，更重要的是，它超越了單純的交通紓解，成為促進區域均衡發展與北台生活圈整合的催化劑。此外，從綠色運輸的角度來看，高鐵延伸宜蘭計畫具有不可或缺的戰略意義，是國家實現節能減碳目標的關鍵策略。儘管軌道系統擴張可能導致其總體排放量增加，但其對私人運具的取代，將為國家整體碳排放帶來顯著的淨效益，符合永續發展的宏觀願景。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12.75pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;引用的著作&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;1. 解決國5塞車至今任何方法仍難使力| 地方| 重點新聞| 中央社CNA, https://www.cna.com.tw/news/firstnews/201606180031.aspx 2. 高公局持續努力改善國5交通壅塞問題| 交通新聞| 交通安全入口網, https://168.motc.gov.tw/theme/news/post/1906121101082 3. 高鐵延伸宜蘭通過環評初審要蓋11年、完工後「台北=宜蘭」僅28分鐘| 上報, https://today.line.me/tw/v2/article/ZaNr8GX 4. 北宜直線鐵路案全民一同來關心 - 宜蘭縣政府, https://ws.e-land.gov.tw/001/administrator/177/RelFile/6072/23701/111214342829.pdf 5. 北宜鐵路提速工程計畫- 維基百科, https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%9C%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF%E6%8F%90%E9%80%9F%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB 6. 議題四國道五號交通管理的回顧與省思, http://www.tcri.org.tw/tcriWeb/download/%E9%9B%AA%E5%B1%B1%E9%9A%A7%E9%81%93%E9%80%9A%E8%BB%8A%E5%8D%81%E5%91%A8%E5%B9%B4%E7%B4%80%E5%BF%B5%E7%A0%94%E8%A8%8E%E6%9C%83%E6%9C%83%E5%BE%8C%E5%A0%B1%E5%B0%8E/%E8%AD%B0%E9%A1%8C%E5%9B%9B%EF%BC%9A%E5%9C%8B%E9%81%93%E4%BA%94%E8%99%9F%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%9E%E9%A1%A7%E8%88%87%E7%9C%81%E6%80%9D.pdf 7. 國道5號雪山隧道-常見問題 - 交通部高速公路局, https://www.freeway.gov.tw/Publish.aspx?cnid=610&amp;amp;p=126 8. 交部擬推國道差別費率解決塞車問題 - 公視新聞網, https://news.pts.org.tw/article/326084 9. 解決塞車問題賀陳旦再提國道差別費率 - Yahoo奇摩新聞, https://tw.news.yahoo.com/%E8%A7%A3%E6%B1%BA%E5%A1%9E%E8%BB%8A%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C-%E8%B3%80%E9%99%B3%E6%97%A6%E5%86%8D%E6%8F%90%E5%9C%8B%E9%81%93%E5%B7%AE%E5%88%A5%E8%B2%BB%E7%8E%87-023505986.html 10. 用鐵路來搶救暖化危機 - 台達電子文教基金會, https://www.delta-foundation.org.tw/blogdetail/2950 11. 高鐵延宜蘭環評初審過關前交長賀陳旦疑效益灌水 - Yahoo奇摩新聞, https://tw.news.yahoo.com/%E9%AB%98%E9%90%B5%E5%BB%B6%E5%AE%9C%E8%98%AD%E7%92%B0%E8%A9%95%E5%88%9D%E5%AF%A9%E9%81%8E%E9%97%9C-%E5%89%8D%E4%BA%A4%E9%95%B7%E8%B3%80%E9%99%B3%E6%97%A6%E7%96%91%E6%95%88%E7%9B%8A%E7%81%8C%E6%B0%B4-060523816.html 12. 高鐵來了～環評闖關終通過．高鐵宜蘭夢啟動 - 葛瑪蘭新聞網, https://www.kamalan-news.com/local/4/16688 13. 高鐵延伸宜蘭計畫有何爭議？能解國五壅塞問題？【獨立特派員】 - 公視新聞網, https://news.pts.org.tw/article/756941 14. 北宜直鐵通不通？ | 我們的島 - 公共電視, https://ourisland.pts.org.tw/content/1465 15. 北宜鐵路提速計畫(高鐵延伸宜蘭)該有更佳方案 - Yahoo奇摩新聞, https://tw.news.yahoo.com/%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%9C%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF%E6%8F%90%E9%80%9F%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB-%E9%AB%98%E9%90%B5%E5%BB%B6%E4%BC%B8%E5%AE%9C%E8%98%AD-%E8%A9%B2%E6%9C%89%E6%9B%B4%E4%BD%B3%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88-154814525.html 16. 二階環評進行中，「高鐵延伸宜蘭」與「(新版)北宜直鐵」其實可以並存 - 公共政策網路參與平臺, https://join.gov.tw/idea/detail/0a496ef1-e3ca-4d11-88ca-f421d0b0163b 17. 環境永續－高速鐵路運輸服務碳足跡 - 台灣高鐵, https://www.thsrc.com.tw/ArticleContent/5a1f4c72-b564-4706-bcdd-efbda93c3d93 18. 臺灣地區軌道運輸部門二氧化碳減量之議題研議, https://tpl.ncl.edu.tw/NclService/pdfdownload?filePath=lV8OirTfsslWcCxIpLbUfvtkl6y56mnsKlvxtAcwrcsBsbqVq0gWqEbw9UWP4zbv&amp;amp;imgType=Bn5sH4BGpJw=&amp;amp;key=LWoMmxJqQ_m8MMVtroY3Iq7NBhbB0Qb0qgAbKrO5TigeVVU9OyINO4qBZJhLTxWd&amp;amp;xmlId=0006648508 19. 運輸部門溫室氣體減量行動方案成果報告, https://service.cca.gov.tw/File/Get/cca/zh-tw/pCZx44yw3GSDmOx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/feeds/141722630097336666/comments/default' title='張貼留言'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/07/blog-post.html#comment-form' title='0 個意見'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/141722630097336666'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/141722630097336666'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/07/blog-post.html' title='北宜直鐵之必要性：從交通困境、政策回顧到綠色運輸願景'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-7785179354282933812</id><published>2025-07-13T14:38:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2025-07-13T14:38:28.644-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="淨零碳排"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="鐵路相關"/><title type='text'>邁向淨零鐵道：整合歐洲TOD與PAS 2080之全生命週期碳管理策略框架</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;docs-internal-guid-68dc33fa-7fff-ef8d-4db9-68575785bb43&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h1 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;執行摘要&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;為實現全球氣候目標，鐵道系統作為低碳交通的骨幹，其脫碳路徑已成為各國政府的政策核心。然而，傳統觀點往往僅聚焦於鐵路營運階段的節能效益，卻忽略了基礎設施建設本身所產生的巨大「隱含碳」（embodied carbon）。新建一條鐵路所投入的鋼鐵、水泥等高碳排材料，形成了一筆巨大的前期「碳負債」，必須透過其全生命週期內的營運效益來償還。此一挑戰要求我們超越單一維度的思考，建立一個能夠平衡前期投入與長期回報的整體性策略框架。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;本研究報告深入剖析歐洲在推動鐵道系統淨零碳排方面的積極作為，提出一個創新的整合性框架，其核心是將宏觀的都市規劃策略——&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;大眾運輸導向發展（Transit-Oriented Development, TOD）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;——與微觀的專案管理標準——&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;PAS 2080：建築與基礎建設碳管理標準&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;——進行系統性結合。TOD透過在運輸廊帶周邊塑造高密度、混合使用、適宜步行的緊湊城市形態，從根本上重塑交通需求，最大化鐵路系統的運量與碳減排潛力。而PAS 2080則提供了一套嚴謹的、涵蓋全生命週期的碳管理流程，從領導治理、目標設定、供應鏈協作到採購策略，確保基礎設施本身的碳足跡降至最低。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;本報告透過對&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;歐盟、英國、法國、德國&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;等地的淨零政策進行梳理，並深入分析三大指標性案例——&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;法國大巴黎快線（Grand Paris Express）、英國倫敦伊莉莎白線（Crossrail）、荷蘭烏特勒支中央車站（Utrecht Centraal）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;——揭示了成功整合策略的關鍵要素。研究發現，成功的專案不僅在技術上採用低碳材料與數位分身（Digital Twin）等創新工具，更在治理、財務與社會公平層面建立了強大的支撐體系。例如，大巴黎快線透過專責機構（SGP）與其獨特的「CarbOptimum」碳核算模型，實現了對專案全生命週期碳效益的量化管理；倫敦伊莉莎白線則展示了如何利用「價值擷取」（Value Capture）機制為重大建設提供資金，並帶動周邊地區的再生；烏特勒支中央車站則成為將綠色基礎設施與氣候韌性融入TOD設計的典範。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;基於歐洲的經驗，本報告為臺灣等致力於推動鐵道建設與都市發展的經濟體，提出一套具有操作性的策略路線圖。核心建議包括：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;政策整合與法規修訂&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：在國家層級建立跨部會的協調機制，將TOD與PAS 2080原則納入國土計畫、都市計畫法及政府採購法規，為整合性專案提供明確的法律基礎。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;建立全生命週期碳管理文化&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：推動公共工程主管機關全面採納PAS 2080，將碳績效與成本、時程、品質並列為專案核心管理指標，並要求供應鏈共同參與。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;創新財務與治理模式&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：借鑒歐洲經驗，探索適用於臺灣的價值擷取、公私協力（PPP）及稅收增額融資（TIF）等多元財務工具，並考慮為重大軌道專案設立專責的交付機構，以確保長期政策的穩定性與執行效率。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;技術賦能與數據基礎建設&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：投資建立本土化的建築材料生命週期評估（LCA）資料庫，並在指標性專案中導入數位分身技術，以支持數據驅動的碳管理與決策。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;確保社會公平轉型&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：在推動TOD的過程中，必須同步實施包容性住宅政策與社區參與機制，以預防「交通引致的仕紳化」（transit-induced gentrification），確保永續發展的果實由全民共享。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;總之，鐵道系統的淨零轉型是一項系統工程，必須將「聰明地蓋」（Build Clever）與「聰明地成長」（Grow Smart）兩者結合。本報告提出的TOD與PAS 2080整合框架，正是實現此一目標的關鍵路徑，能協助決策者在推動現代化運輸建設的同時，確保其真正服務於國家的長期淨零排放目標。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;第一章：鐵道系統的全生命週期碳挑戰&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;鐵道運輸長久以來被視為環境友善的交通方式，其每位乘客每公里的碳排放量遠低於小客車及飛機 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。然而，這種觀點主要聚焦於「營運階段」。若要全面評估鐵道系統對氣候的真實影響，並制定有效的淨零策略，就必須採用「全生命週期評估」（Life Cycle Assessment, LCA）的視角，系統性地檢視從建設、營運、維護到最終除役的每一個環節所產生的碳排放 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;1.1 解構鐵道碳足跡：從建設、營運到除役&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;生命週期評估（LCA）是一套國際標準化的方法論，用於系統性地分析產品或服務在其整個生命週期中對環境的潛在衝擊 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。應用於鐵道系統，其碳足跡可被解構成以下幾個關鍵階段：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;建設階段&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：此階段的碳排放主要來自「隱含碳」（embodied carbon），即蘊含在建材與建設過程中的碳排放 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。研究顯示，此階段的排放量極為可觀，主要來源包括：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;原物料生產&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：鋼鐵和水泥的生產是最大的排放源。多項針對地鐵及高鐵建設的分析指出，僅這兩項材料就佔去建設階段碳排放的70%至80%以上 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。例如，一項針對全球地鐵系統的研究估算，其建材的隱含溫室氣體排放高達5.6億噸，其中鋼鐵佔59%，水泥佔37% &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;現場施工&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：施工機具（如挖土機、起重機）燃燒柴油所產生的直接排放，以及工地消耗的電力 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;物料運輸&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：將鋼材、水泥、預製構件等從工廠運輸至工地的過程中所產生的排放 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;營運階段&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：此階段的碳排放主要來自「營運碳」（operational carbon），其核心是牽引列車所需的能源消耗 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;牽引動力&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：對於電氣化鐵路，其碳排放取決於供電來源的電網碳排放係數。若電網主要依賴化石燃料，則間接排放量依然龐大；反之，若使用再生能源，則營運碳排可趨近於零 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。對於非電氣化路線，內燃機車燃燒柴油則是主要的直接排放源 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;車站與附屬設施&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：車站的照明、空調（HVAC）、電扶梯等系統的電力消耗，以及維修廠房的運作，也是營運碳排的組成部分 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;維護與除役階段&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：此階段的排放涵蓋了基礎設施的日常維護、重大維修更新，以及最終的拆除與廢棄物處理 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。這包括更換軌道、枕木、道碴等材料所產生的隱含碳，以及維修作業所需的能源。在資產壽命終結時，如何透過循環經濟模式回收再利用鋼軌、混凝土枕木等材料，對減少此階段的碳足跡至關重要 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;1.2 超越營運排放：基礎設施隱含碳的關鍵角色&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;傳統上，鐵道因其高能源效率和低營運碳排而備受推崇，全球交通運輸的溫室氣體排放中，鐵路僅佔約4% &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。然而，這種比較往往忽略了隱含碳的巨大影響。事實上，基礎設施的建設與維護佔了英國溫室氣體總排放量的一半以上 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;20&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。一項針對大型鐵路隧道（如布倫納基線隧道）的分析顯示，其建設過程本身就是一個密集的溫室氣體排放過程，主要來自於能源密集的開挖作業以及大量使用的水泥 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;16&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;這種巨大的前期碳投入，形成了一筆「碳負債」。這意味著，任何新建的低碳交通基礎設施，都必須在其生命週期內，透過促成更大規模的減碳效益（例如，吸引大量乘客與貨物從高碳排的公路和航空轉移過來）來「償還」這筆初始的碳負債 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;15&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。如果一個鐵路專案未能有效吸引足夠的運量，或其建設過程過於高碳，其全生命週期的淨碳效益甚至可能為負。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;因此，僅僅宣稱鐵路本身是「綠色」的，是一種危險且不完整的論述。若政策制定者在未嚴格管理隱含碳的情況下，大規模推動鐵路建設，反而可能在短期至中期內導致國家總碳排的上升，從而危及中期氣候目標（如2030年減排目標）的達成。這使得如何管理隱含碳，從一個「錦上添花」的永續議題，轉變為任何以氣候目標為導向的鐵路投資計畫的核心戰略要務。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;1.3 全球與歐洲的運輸脫碳指令&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;為應對氣候變遷，全球主要經濟體已將運輸部門的脫碳列為優先事項。根據政府間氣候變化專門委員會（IPCC）的報告，運輸部門佔全球能源相關二氧化碳排放的23%，要實現氣候目標，該領域需要進行轉型性的變革 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;21&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;在此背景下，歐洲聯盟（EU）展現了強烈的政策企圖心。其《歐洲綠色新政》（European Green Deal）設定了在2050年實現氣候中和的總體目標，並明確要求運輸部門的溫室氣體排放量需減少90% &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;22&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。為了實現此一宏大目標，歐盟委員會發布了《永續與智慧交通策略》（Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy），為未來歐洲的交通系統擘劃了清晰的藍圖。該策略的核心思想是推動一場「不可逆轉的零排放交通轉型」&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;22&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;，並將鐵路定位為此轉型的骨幹 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;25&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;該策略設定了具體的里程碑，包括：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;至2030年，歐洲高鐵運量翻倍。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;至2050年，鐵路貨運量翻倍。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;完成泛歐交通網絡（TEN-T）的建設，打造一個無縫、智慧且永續的多式聯運系統&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;22&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;這些政策不僅為鐵路發展提供了強大的政治支持，也意味著未來的鐵路建設必須在更嚴格的永續性標準下進行評估。這不僅關乎營運效率，更直接關係到基礎設施全生命週期的碳績效，從而為TOD與PAS 2080等整合性策略的導入創造了有利的政策環境。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;第二章：大眾運輸導向發展（TOD）作為系統層級的脫碳策略&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;如果說管理隱含碳是從「供給側」降低鐵路建設的碳足跡，那麼大眾運輸導向發展（TOD）就是從「需求側」最大化鐵路系統的減碳效益。TOD並非單純的交通策略，而是一套整合了土地使用、都市設計與交通規劃的綜合性方法論，其根本目標是建立以人為本、減少對私人運具依賴的永續城市形態 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;27&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;2.1 現代TOD的核心原則：密度、多樣性、設計與需求管理&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;TOD的概念最早由Peter Calthorpe在其著作《下一個美國大都會》（The Next American Metropolis）中系統化闡述 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;29&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;，並由Robert Cervero等學者持續發展 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;32&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。其核心理念是圍繞大眾運輸場站，打造高密度、混合使用的步行友好社區 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;29&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。這些原則常被歸納為「D」原則，從最初的「3D」演變至更全面的「6D」或「8D」：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;密度（Density）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：在場站周邊提高居住與就業密度，以提供足夠的客源，支撐高效率、高頻率的大眾運輸服務 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;27&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;多樣性（Diversity）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：混合住宅、商業、辦公、零售與公共服務等多種土地使用功能，使居民能在步行範圍內滿足大部分日常所需，從而減少出行需求 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;27&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;設計（Design）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：創造高品質、安全且富吸引力的行人與自行車環境，包括寬敞的人行道、街道綠化、公共藝術與舒適的街道家具，鼓勵人們步行與停留 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;27&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;距離（Distance）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：核心開發區應位於距離大眾運輸場站400至800公尺（約5至10分鐘步行）的範圍內，這是多數人願意步行的舒適距離 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;目的地（Destination）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：確保重要的就業、商業與文化目的地沿著運輸廊道分佈，使大眾運輸成為抵達這些地點的便捷選擇 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;35&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;需求管理（Demand Management）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：採取政策工具抑制私人運具的使用，例如減少停車位供給、提高停車費率，同時提供補貼或誘因鼓勵使用大眾運輸與共享運具 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;35&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;為了將這些原則轉化為可評估、可操作的標準，交通與發展政策研究所（ITDP）制定了《TOD標準》（TOD Standard），提出了八大指標：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;步行（Walk）、自行車（Cycle）、連接（Connect）、大眾運輸（Transit）、混合（Mix）、密集（Densify）、緊湊（Compact）及轉變（Shift）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。該標準提供了一套全球通用的評分卡，可用於評估和指導TOD專案的規劃與設計 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;38&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;2.2 TOD的影響鏈：減少車輛行駛里程與重塑交通行為&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;TOD之所以能成為強大的脫碳策略，是因為它能透過改變建成環境，引發一系列連鎖的行為改變，從而系統性地降低運輸部門的碳排放：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;主要影響：運具轉移（Modal Shift）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：當一個地區的建成環境具備高密度、多樣化功能和優良的步行設計時，搭乘大眾運輸、步行和騎自行車的便利性與吸引力將超越駕駛私家車。這自然會引導居民在出行時選擇更永續的交通方式，實現從私人運具到大眾運輸和慢行交通的轉移 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;28&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。巴西庫里奇巴（Curitiba）的成功案例顯示，其大眾運輸在通勤旅次中的佔比高達45% &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;35&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;次要影響：減少旅次（Trip Reduction）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：TOD的混合土地使用特性，將居住、工作、購物、休閒等功能緊密地結合在一起，許多日常活動都可以在社區內部完成，這直接減少了長距離出行的必要性 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;35&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;衍生影響：土地使用效率&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：TOD所倡導的緊湊型城市發展模式，有效對抗了無序的城市蔓延（urban sprawl）。這不僅保護了市郊的農田與自然生態系統，也大幅提升了基礎設施（如水、電、污水處理）的服務效率，降低了人均的建設與營運成本及碳足跡 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;27&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;一個成功的TOD專案，其減碳效益是多層次的。它不僅僅是讓更多人搭乘火車，更是透過城市形態的重塑，從源頭上減少了整個社會對能源密集型交通方式的總體依賴。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;2.3 社會經濟的共伴效益與挑戰：價值提升、經濟活力與仕紳化困境&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;TOD在帶來環境效益的同時，也產生顯著的社會經濟影響，這些影響既是機遇也是挑戰。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;經濟效益&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：TOD透過集中就業與商業活動，創造了顯著的「集聚效應」（agglomeration effects），能有效提升區域的經濟生產力與競爭力 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;43&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。同時，便利的交通可及性大幅提升了場站周邊土地與房地產的價值。倫敦伊莉莎白線的經驗表明，沿線房地產價值在專案宣佈後出現了高達30%的增長 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;44&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;，為政府透過「價值擷取」機制籌措建設資金提供了基礎。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;社會公平挑戰：仕紳化（Gentrification）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：這是TOD最受關注的負面效應。隨著地區環境品質與生活便利性的提升，房價與租金隨之上漲，可能導致原先居住於此、最需要依賴大眾運輸的低收入群體，因無法負擔更高的生活成本而被迫遷離 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;27&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。這種「交通引致的仕紳化」（transit-induced gentrification）現象，不僅引發了社會公平的疑慮，也常成為社區反對TOD開發的主要原因 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;50&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;緩解策略&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：為應對此挑戰，「公平TOD」（Equitable TOD, eTOD）的概念應運而生。其核心是在TOD規劃初期，就必須主動納入社會公平的考量，採取具體的政策工具，例如：在開發計畫中強制規定可負擔住宅的比例（inclusionary zoning）、設立社區土地信託（community land trusts）以穩定土地價格、或將部分價值擷取的收益專款專用於補貼可負擔住宅等 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;43&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;因此，一個成功的TOD策略，必須在追求環境與經濟效益的同時，建立起一套完善的社會配套機制，確保永續發展的利益能夠為所有階層共享。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;第三章：PAS 2080作為專案層級的碳管理框架&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;如果TOD是實現鐵道淨零的宏觀戰略，那麼PAS 2080就是確保此戰略在專案層級被精準執行的戰術手冊。它提供了一套標準化、系統化的方法，將抽象的減碳目標轉化為具體的管理行動與工程實踐。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;3.1 PAS 2080的理念：領導力、協作與全生命週期視角&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;PAS 2080是由英國標準協會（BSI）發布、土木工程師學會（ICE）等機構支持的全球性標準，其核心目標是透過在建築與基礎設施專案中實施系統性的碳管理，來降低碳排放與工程成本 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;20&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。其理念根植於三大支柱：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;支柱一：全生命週期視角（Whole-Life View）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：這是PAS 2080的基石。它強制要求專案從最早的規劃階段開始，就必須全面考慮並量化從設計、施工（隱含碳）、營運維護（營運碳）到最終拆除（end-of-life）的全部碳排放 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;52&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。這個視角完美地補足了第一章所指出的「隱含碳盲點」，確保了碳管理的完整性。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;支柱二：領導力與治理（Leadership and Governance）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：PAS 2080明確指出，碳管理的成敗取決於「資產所有者」（如政府交通部門、鐵路公司）的領導力 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;52&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。所有者必須在專案初期就設定明確且具雄心的減碳目標，並建立治理架構，確保此目標能貫穿整個價值鏈。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;支柱三：價值鏈協作（Value Chain Collaboration）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：此標準最具革命性的一點，是它打破了傳統工程專案中各方（業主、設計、施工、材料供應商）的壁壘，要求所有價值鏈成員必須共同協作，承擔減碳的共同責任 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;52&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。這種協作文化是發掘與實施減碳創新的前提。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;3.2 碳管理的實踐流程：基準、目標、採購與驗證&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;PAS 2080的核心是一套結構化的管理流程，可以被整合到現有的專案管理體系中，其關鍵步驟如下：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;建立基準線（Establish Baselines）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：在專案初期，必須量化一個「參照案例」（business-as-usual）的碳排放量，作為比較的基準。這個基準線代表了若不採取任何額外減碳措施，專案將產生的碳足跡 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;52&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。即使在數據有限的情況下，也應建立初步基準，並在後續階段持續完善 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;52&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;設定減量目標（Set Targets）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：基於基準線，資產所有者需與價值鏈夥伴共同設定一個明確、量化且具挑戰性的碳減排目標（例如，相較基準線減碳30%），並使其與國家或企業的淨零路徑圖保持一致 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;52&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;發掘減碳機會（Identify Reduction Opportunities）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：為達成目標，團隊需系統性地尋找減碳機會。PAS 2080提倡一個強大的「碳減排層次結構」（Carbon Reduction Hierarchy），它指導團隊優先考慮最高效益的措施 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Build Nothing（不建設）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：首先挑戰專案的根本需求。是否能透過需求管理或優化現有資產來達成同樣目的？&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Build Less（減量建設）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：若建設無法避免，如何最大化利用現有設施、縮小規模或延長現有資產壽命？&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Build Clever（聰明設計）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：在設計階段採用低碳設計方案，例如優化結構以減少材料使用、選用低碳材料。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Build Efficiently（高效施工）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：在施工階段採用低碳工法，例如減少廢棄物、使用節能機具、優化物流。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;採購與執行（Procurement and Implementation）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：將碳績效要求納入採購流程與合約條款中，使減碳成為供應鏈的合約義務，而非可有可無的選項 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;52&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;監測與報告（Monitor and Report）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：在專案全過程中，持續追蹤碳排放績效，並與基準線和目標進行比較，透明地報告進展 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;57&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;查證（Verification）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：專案完成後，應由獨立的第三方機構進行查證，以確認所聲稱的碳減排量是真實可信的，這為專案的減碳成果提供了公信力 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;52&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;3.3 量化成功的基石：數據、工具與生命週期評估&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;實施PAS 2080高度依賴準確的數據與可靠的量化工具。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;數據的挑戰與重要性&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：數據的可用性、品質與一致性是實務上最大的挑戰之一 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;52&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。建立一個可靠的碳盤查系統，需要整個價值鏈的投入，以確保數據的完整與準確。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;碳量化工具&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：業界已發展出多種工具來協助計算隱含碳。例如，英國鐵路安全與標準委員會（RSSB）開發的「鐵路碳工具」（Rail Carbon Tool）專門用於評估鐵路專案的隱含碳 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;63&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。此外，還有許多通用的LCA軟體（如SimaPro）和材料碳足跡資料庫（如ICE資料庫）可供使用 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;生命週期評估（LCA）資料庫&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：準確的碳計算仰賴於區域化、在地化的LCA資料庫。這些資料庫提供了各種建築材料（如不同標號的混凝土、不同種類的鋼材）從搖籃到大門（cradle-to-gate）的碳排放係數。歐洲各國如法國（INIES）、德國（Okobaudat）等都已建立國家級的資料庫，這為PAS 2080的實施提供了堅實的數據基礎 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;64&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;PAS 2080的真正價值在於它不僅僅是一個核算標準，更是一個驅動組織變革的管理系統。它將碳管理從專案後期的「報告項目」提升為前期的「決策核心」，迫使專案團隊在最有影響力的階段（即規劃設計初期）就必須直面碳排的挑戰，從而根本性地改變了基礎設施的交付方式。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;第四章：整合框架：TOD與PAS 2080的協同作用&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;單獨來看，TOD和PAS 2080都是強大的脫碳工具。然而，將兩者結合，能夠產生遠超其各自總和的協同效應。一個整合性的框架能夠將宏觀的城市發展願景與微觀的工程碳管理實踐無縫對接，從而建立一個閉環的、以數據驅動的淨零鐵道規劃與交付體系。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;4.1 多尺度方法：在TOD區域內應用PAS 2080管理碳排放&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;此整合框架的核心思想是建立一個多尺度的分析視角：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;宏觀尺度（都市/區域）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：TOD在此尺度上運作，透過土地使用規劃與都市設計，引導城市朝向緊湊、集約的方向發展，從根本上改變交通需求模式，為鐵路系統創造最大的潛在客流與減碳效益 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;65&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;中觀與微觀尺度（專案/資產）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：PAS 2080在此尺度上運作，專注於管理實體基礎設施（如車站、軌道、隧道）在其全生命週期中的碳排放，確保這些資產以最低的碳足跡被建造和營運 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;52&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;整合的關鍵在於擴大PAS 2080的評估邊界。傳統上，一個車站的PAS 2080評估可能僅限於車站結構本身。在整合框架下，評估邊界應擴展至整個TOD影響區（例如，以車站為中心半徑800公尺的範圍）。這不僅包括車站，還應涵蓋因車站而生的周邊公共設施、廣場、人行道，甚至是由此觸發的新建開發案。這種「系統思維」（systems thinking）正是PAS 2080:2023修訂版所強調的重點，即需考量資產對更廣泛網絡的影響 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;54&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;4.2 平衡碳帳本：用TOD的長期營運節能證明前期隱含碳投資的合理性&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;整合框架將專案評估轉化為一個動態的「碳帳本」，全面核算專案的碳成本與碳收益，這是整合綜效的量化核心。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;隱含碳（前期「成本」）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：這是專案的初始碳投資。它包括了鐵路基礎設施本身（車站、軌道等）以及其所引發的TOD區域內新開發案的建設所產生的全部隱含碳 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;營運碳節省（長期「回報」）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：這是專案的長期碳紅利。它來自於成功的TOD所促成的交通行為改變，包括：(1) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;運具轉移&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：從高碳排的小客車轉移至低碳排的鐵路；(2) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;旅次減少&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：因混合使用開發而減少的出行需求。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;法國大巴黎快線的「CarbOptimum」模型為此提供了絕佳的實踐範例。該模型預測，至2050年，專案將避免高達1400萬噸的二氧化碳當量排放，其中驚人的是，有64%的減排貢獻來自於TOD所帶動的城市密集化發展，而非僅僅是交通工具本身的效率 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;67&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;這種方法將專案的評估從一個靜態的碳足跡計算，轉變為一個動態的「碳商業案例」（carbon business case）。一個專案是否符合「淨零」方向，取決於其預計的全生命週期營運碳節省量，是否能有效抵銷甚至超越其巨大的前期隱含碳投入。這為決策者提供了一個清晰、量化的判斷依據。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;4.3 整合決策：運用框架優化路線、車站設計與材料選擇&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;這個整合框架能夠成為一個強大的決策工具，應用於專案的各個關鍵節點：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;路線選線&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：在評估不同的鐵路路線方案時，決策者不僅要考慮工程成本與技術可行性，更要透過此框架評估各方案所能觸發的TOD潛力。一個能串連起高潛力TOD區域的路線，即使其建設成本或隱含碳稍高，但因其能帶來巨大的長期營運碳節省，其「碳商業案例」可能遠優於一條穿越低密度區域的路線。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;車站設計&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：車站不再僅是一個交通設施，而是TOD社區的心臟。其設計必須與周邊城市肌理高度整合，以最大化步行可及性 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;28&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。傳統的PAS 2080評估可能會為了降低車站本身的隱含碳而簡化設計。但在整合框架下，為提升TOD效益而增加的設計（如增設出口、擴建廣場），其所增加的隱含碳，可以被其所促成的更高運量和更大營運碳節省所證明其合理性。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;材料選擇與城市形態&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：框架將微觀的材料選擇與宏觀的城市形態聯繫起來。例如，在車站建設中採用低碳混凝土（如ECOPact）或低碳鋼材（如XCarb®），這是一個PAS 2080層級的決策，它能有效降低專案的初始「碳負債」&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;68&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。與此同時，在車站周邊推動更高密度的混合使用開發，這是一個TOD層級的政策決策，它能極大化長期的「碳回報」。兩者結合，使得整個專案的氣候效益達到最優。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;總結而言，TOD與PAS 2080的整合，創造了一個功能強大的閉環反饋系統。它讓PAS 2080從一個被動的核算工具，轉變為主動的都市發展設計與驗證工具。這個框架迫使專案評估的根本問題發生轉變：問題不再是「這個車站的碳足跡是多少？」，而是「這個車站及其所催生的城市轉型，其淨碳影響是多少？」。這提供了一種共同的語言（二氧化碳當量噸數）和一個統一的度量標準（淨生命週期碳平衡），使得都市規劃師、工程師、財務專家和決策者能夠在一個共同的平台上，進行全面且有數據支持的權衡與決策。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;第五章：歐洲的實踐藍圖：政策、專案與績效&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;歐洲各國在推動鐵道淨零的道路上，並非採用單一模式，而是形成了一個由多層次政策支持、以指標性大型專案引領的多元化實踐藍圖。這些經驗為全球其他地區提供了寶貴的借鑒。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;5.1 政策驅動：歐盟、英國、法國及德國的脫碳策略分析&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;成功的專案背後，必然有強大的政策框架作為支撐。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;歐盟層級&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：歐盟透過《永續與智慧交通策略》及修訂後的《泛歐交通網絡（TEN-T）規定》，為全歐設定了宏大的目標與方向 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;22&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。TEN-T規定不僅規劃了核心交通走廊，更引入了強制性的永續性標準，並要求在成本效益分析中納入溫室氣體排放的外部成本 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;70&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。同時，「連接歐洲基金」（CEF）為符合這些永續目標的跨境基礎設施專案提供了關鍵的資金支持 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;71&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;英國&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：《運輸脫碳計畫》是英國的行動綱領，設定了2050年鐵路淨零排放的目標（蘇格蘭為2045年），並計畫在2040年前淘汰所有純柴油列車 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;72&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。其核心策略是依據《牽引動力脫碳網絡策略》（TDNS）推動持續的電氣化計畫，並輔以電池和氫能列車應用於次要線路，形成一個全面的技術組合 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;73&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;法國&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：《國家低碳策略》（SNBC）為法國各部門設定了具有法律約束力的碳預算 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;76&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。運輸部門作為主要排放源，其減排路徑高度依賴於將客運與貨運從公路轉移至鐵路，這為大巴黎快線等大規模鐵路投資提供了強有力的政策正當性 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;78&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;德國&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：《氣候保護計畫》（Klimaschutzplan）同樣為交通部門設定了具體的二氧化碳減排目標 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;80&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。政府與產業界簽訂的「鐵路契約」（Schienenpakt）旨在2030年前實現鐵路客運量翻倍，並大幅提升貨運市佔率 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;80&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。在都市規劃層面，《聯邦建築法》（Baugesetzbuch）等法規為地方政府推動內部開發、提升建築能效、規劃緊湊城市提供了法律工具，與TOD原則相輔相成 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;82&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;荷蘭&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：荷蘭的策略重點在於土地使用與交通規劃的深度整合，目標是在2040年前實現「零排放與循環經濟」的公共運輸系統 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;84&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。其做法是圍繞交通樞紐打造高品質的密集城市區域，並將國內城際網絡與跨境高鐵系統無縫對接，體現了TOD的精髓 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;84&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;下表總結了歐洲主要經濟體在鐵路脫碳方面的政策框架，突顯了其共同目標與各自的策略重點。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;表1：歐洲主要經濟體鐵路脫碳政策比較分析&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;left&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;table style=&quot;border-collapse: collapse; border: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;colgroup&gt;&lt;col width=&quot;125&quot;&gt;&lt;/col&gt;&lt;col width=&quot;125&quot;&gt;&lt;/col&gt;&lt;col width=&quot;125&quot;&gt;&lt;/col&gt;&lt;col width=&quot;125&quot;&gt;&lt;/col&gt;&lt;col width=&quot;125&quot;&gt;&lt;/col&gt;&lt;/colgroup&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;國家/地區&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;關鍵政策/策略&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;核心目標&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;鐵路脫碳主要手段&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;與都市計畫/TOD的連結&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;歐盟&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;歐洲綠色新政、永續與智慧交通策略、TEN-T規定 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;22&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;2050年交通減排90%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;提升鐵路（客貨運）運量、推動多式聯運、基礎設施標準化&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;強調交通節點（都市節點、港口、機場）與網絡的整合 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;70&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;英國&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;運輸脫碳計畫、牽引動力脫碳網絡策略（TDNS） &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;73&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;2050年鐵路淨零&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;持續的電氣化計畫為主，輔以電池與氫能列車 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;73&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;透過改善車站周邊的步行、自行車接駁，鼓勵運具轉移 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;73&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;法國&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;國家低碳策略（SNBC） &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;76&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;達成各階段法定碳預算&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;大規模推動從公路到鐵路的運具轉移 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;78&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;大巴黎快線等大型專案本身即為TOD導向的區域發展計畫 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;86&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;德國&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;氣候保護計畫、鐵路契約（Schienenpakt） &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;80&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;2030年客運量翻倍&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;提升鐵路運量與市佔率、基礎設施數位化與電氣化 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;80&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;聯邦建築法支持內部開發、緊湊與混合使用區域，為TOD提供法源 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;83&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;荷蘭&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;2040公共運輸未來願景 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;84&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;2040年公共運輸零排放與循環化&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;提升網絡品質、跨境連接、需求導向服務&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;土地使用與交通規劃的深度整合，支持在交通廊帶周邊進行高強度開發 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;85&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;5.2 案例研究一：大巴黎快線（GPE）－整合碳與環境目標的TOD巨型專案&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;大巴黎快線是歐洲當前規模最大的基礎設施專案，旨在新建200公里的自動化地鐵線路和68個新車站，以連接巴黎的各個郊區，重塑大巴黎地區的城市格局與可持續性 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;86&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;整合性碳管理&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：GPE專案的獨到之處在於其前瞻性的碳管理方法。專案方（SGP）開發了一套名為「CarbOptimum」的客製化全生命週期碳評估工具 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;67&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。此工具不僅核算了建設和營運階段的碳排放，更創新地將專案所「引發的區域發展」（induced territorial development）納入評估邊界。這意味著，TOD帶來的人口與就業崗位密集化、建築能效提升等間接效益都被量化，完美體現了第四章所述的整合框架。專案目標是將建設階段的碳排放減少25%，並預計到2050年，其產生的淨減排效益將高達1400萬噸二氧化碳當量，其中64%來自TOD效應 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;66&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;低碳建設實踐&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：在PAS 2080的「聰明設計」與「高效施工」原則指導下，GPE專案在材料選擇上做出了明確承諾。90%的結構將採用低碳混凝土，其碳足跡比傳統混凝土低40%；部分隧道環片採用纖維增強混凝土，進一步減少了鋼筋用量和碳排放 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;66&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;TOD的全面落實&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：GPE的根本目標是打造永續和包容的城市。每一個新車站都被規劃為一個TOD社區的核心，周邊進行高密度、混合功能的開發，旨在創造就業、提供住宅並改善公共空間 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;86&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;5.3 案例研究二：倫敦伊莉莎白線（Crossrail）－價值擷取與交通行為轉變的研究&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;伊莉莎白線（前身為Crossrail專案）極大地改善了倫敦東西向的交通連接，自開通以來，其運量遠超預期，迅速成為英國最繁忙的鐵路線 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;90&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;土地價值提升&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：伊莉莎白線的「Crossrail效應」對周邊房地產市場產生了深遠影響。早在專案宣布階段，沿線房地產價值就已出現顯著上漲，預計到2021年將帶來55億英鎊的額外價值 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;44&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。開通後，車站周邊，特別是核心區的商業地產租金和入住率均表現優異 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;45&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。這一顯著的價值提升，為專案採用「價值擷取」等創新融資模式提供了堅實的經濟基礎，倫敦商界和未來乘客的貢獻承擔了約三分之二的成本 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;91&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;交通行為轉變&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：開通後的乘客調查為TOD理論提供了有力的實證數據。這些調查詳細記錄了乘客的出行目的、路線選擇、旅次頻率等行為的轉變，量化了TOD所期望實現的運具轉移效果 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;92&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;碳管理連結&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：儘管現有資料更多地聚焦於其經濟再生效益，Crossrail專案在永續性與碳管理方面同樣是先行者。其開發的「碳足跡預測工具」是業界早期探索量化隱含碳的嘗試之一，為後續PAS 2080的實踐積累了經驗 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;63&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。伊莉莎白線在引導城市發展和改變出行行為上的成功，為全生命週期碳評估中的「營運碳節省」部分提供了寶貴的實測數據。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;5.4 案例研究三：烏特勒支中央車站－氣候韌性與綠色基礎設施的TOD典範&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;荷蘭烏特勒支中央車站區域的再開發專案，是將TOD與氣候適應性及生活品質提升相結合的傑出典範。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;專案願景&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：該專案的指導原則是打造一個「能源中和」（Energy neutral）與「氣候強健」（Climate robust）的城市核心區 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;93&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。目標是創造一個健康、多功能、充滿活力的永續社區 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;94&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;綠色與藍色基礎設施的整合&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：專案的一大亮點是大量採用「基於自然的解決方案」（Nature-based Solutions, NBS）。這包括大規模設置綠色屋頂、恢復舊運河以增加水體面積、採用透水鋪面等 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;94&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。這些措施不僅美化了城市景觀，更在功能上實現了雨水管理、緩解都市熱島效應、改善空氣品質及提升生物多樣性，展示了如何將「綠色都市主義」（green urbanism）與TOD無縫融合 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;97&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;永續性量測&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：作為「智慧永續城區」（Smart Sustainable Districts, SSD）倡議的一部分，該專案意味著採用數據驅動的方法來監測其在能源、水資源、交通等方面的永續績效 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;93&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。儘管具體的「能源中和」量測指標未在資料中詳述 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;98&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;，但整個城市致力於2050年氣候中和及推動循環經濟的宏觀目標，為專案提供了明確的永續性導向 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;95&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;綜合分析歐洲的政策與實踐可以發現，成功的鐵道淨零路徑並非單一模式的複製，而是集各家之長的綜合體。一個理想的策略框架，應當借鑒大巴黎快線在整合碳核算上的嚴謹性，學習伊莉莎白線在財務規劃與價值創造上的商業智慧，並採納烏特勒支在氣候韌性與人居環境品質上的前瞻視野。這三者並非相互排斥，而是構成一個成功的淨零鐵道專案不可或缺的互補支柱。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;第六章：加速轉型的技術槓桿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;在TOD與PAS 2080的整合框架下，技術創新扮演著關鍵的賦能角色。從低碳材料到替代動力，再到數位化模擬工具，新技術的戰略性應用是加速實現淨零目標、並在碳帳本上取得更優異表現的核心手段。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;6.1 減碳建造：低碳鋼鐵、混凝土與土力工程的創新&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;建築材料是鐵路基礎設施隱含碳的主要來源，因此材料科學的創新是源頭減碳的關鍵。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;低碳混凝土&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：傳統水泥的生產過程排放大量二氧化碳。以Holcim公司的ECOPact系列產品為代表的低碳混凝土，透過使用高比例的卜特蘭水泥替代物（如磨細高爐爐碴GGBS、粉煤灰PFA等工業副產品），可在不犧牲性能的前提下，將混凝土的碳足跡降低30%至100% &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;68&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。這類產品已成功應用於澳洲的鐵路專案及歐美多地的基礎設施建設中 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;103&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。此外，如碳纖維預力混凝土（CPC）等預製技術，更能透過材料效率的極大化，減少高達80%的材料使用量 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;105&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;低碳鋼鐵&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：鋼鐵是另一大隱含碳來源。安賽樂米塔爾（ArcelorMittal）推出的XCarb®品牌，提供「回收再生、綠電製造」的鋼材，其採用高比例的回收廢鋼，並以100%再生能源電力生產，可減少高達70%的碳排放 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;69&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。盧森堡鐵路（CFL）等業者已開始採用此類鋼材進行基礎設施的脫碳 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;69&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。更前瞻的技術，如使用綠氫的「直接還原鐵」（DRI）製程，則有潛力實現近乎零碳的鋼鐵生產 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;107&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;創新材料與循環經濟&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：除了主流建材，其他創新材料也展現出減碳潛力。例如，英國有公司開發出使用回收廢輪胎橡膠製成的模組化月台，每36公尺的月台可節省25噸二氧化碳排放 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;108&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。複合材料因其輕質、耐腐蝕的特性，也開始被應用於電氣化設備的結構件中 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;109&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。這些創新都與循環經濟的原則緊密相關，即透過對機車車輛、軌道元件的翻新、再製造與再利用，延長資產壽命，從而減少對原生資源的開採與製造排放 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;18&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;土力工程創新&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：在軌道基礎工程中，採用低碳的土力技術亦能貢獻減碳。例如，使用粉煤灰等工業副產品進行土壤穩定，或優先考慮對既有結構進行加固而非完全拆除重建，都能有效減少材料消耗與廢棄物產生 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;113&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;6.2 牽引動力脫碳：電氣化、電池與氫能的戰略性部署&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;解決營運碳排的核心在於牽引動力的脫碳。歐洲的策略並非押注單一技術，而是根據路線特性，採取「組合式」的解決方案。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;電氣化為骨幹&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：對於運量大、班次密集的幹線鐵路，全面的架空線電氣化仍是公認最有效、最節能的脫碳路徑 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;73&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。電氣化列車的能源轉換效率高，且能透過再生煞車系統回收能量 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;電池與氫能作為補充&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：在運量較小、完全電氣化不具經濟效益的線路，替代動力技術提供了靈活的解決方案。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;電池電動列車（BEMUs）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：適用於較短的支線。列車可在主線的電氣化區段行駛並充電，進入非電氣化支線後則切換至電池模式 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;75&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。Alstom等製造商已提供成熟的電池列車與充電設施方案 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;116&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;氫燃料電池列車&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：適用於較長距離的非電氣化路線。Alstom開發的Coradia iLint是全球首款投入商業營運的氫能列車，已在德國、義大利等地取得訂單 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;116&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。然而，其挑戰在於車載儲氫技術的複雜性，以及「綠氫」（以再生能源電解水製氫）的生產成本高昂且能源效率較低 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;21&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;全網絡的「組合式」策略&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：英國的TDNS策略清晰地闡述了這種思維：並非所有路線都需要電氣化，而是應對整個路網進行系統性分析，為每條路線選擇最適合的技術組合（電氣化、電池或氫能），以最低的全生命週期成本實現網絡的全面脫碳 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;75&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;6.3 數位分身革命：在複雜TOD場景中模擬與優化生命週期碳排&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;數位分身（Digital Twin, DT）技術為複雜的基礎設施專案管理帶來了革命性的變革，它能夠將TOD與PAS 2080的整合框架提升到一個新的高度。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;數位分身的概念&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：數位分身是一個實體資產或系統的動態虛擬複製品，它透過物聯網（IoT）感測器不斷接收來自實體世界的即時數據，並與之保持同步 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;118&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;在資產管理中的應用&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：在鐵路領域，數位分身已被用於資產的預測性維護、監測軌道與車輛狀態、優化營運排程等。英國的塞文河隧道（Severn Tunnel）數位分身專案即為一例，它讓工程師能在不中斷列車運行的情況下，對複雜的隧道系統進行虛擬監控與分析 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;118&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;整合數位分身與LCA碳模型&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：這是最前沿的應用。學術界與產業界正積極探索將數位分身與生命週期評估（LCA）相結合的框架，例如「建築生命週期數位分身」（BLDT）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;123&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。這種整合使得碳足跡評估從過去的「靜態」計算（基於設計圖紙和假設數據），轉變為「動態」的即時監測與預測。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;模擬TOD生態系統&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：更進一步，可以建立一個「聯邦式交通系統之系統」（Federated Transport System of Systems, FTSoS）的數位分身，正如英國TransiT研究中心所開創的 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;125&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。這個宏大的模型將不僅模擬鐵路本身，而是整個TOD區域的生態系統，包括周邊建築的能源績效、土地使用的變化、居民的交通行為選擇等。透過這個虛擬實驗平台，決策者可以在投入實際建設前，模擬不同政策（如分區管制調整、停車位數量增減）對區域全生命週期碳平衡的影響，從而找出最優、最低碳的城市發展路徑 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;127&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;技術本身並非萬靈丹，其價值在於被整合到一個正確的策略框架中。TOD與PAS 2080的整合框架為評估和證明新技術的投資提供了必要的宏觀背景。它將決策的焦點從「這項技術本身好不好？」轉移到「這項技術如何為我們的整合交通與都市發展系統的淨碳平衡做出貢獻？」，從而確保每一分技術投資都能精準地服務於最終的淨零目標。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;第七章：克服執行障礙：治理、財務與社會公平&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;一個技術上可行、規劃上完美的淨零鐵道策略，若缺乏有效的「軟體基礎設施」——即健全的治理結構、創新的財務模式與廣泛的社會共識——終將難以落地。歐洲的經驗顯示，成功克服這些執行障礙是專案成敗的關鍵。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;7.1 整合性專案的治理模式：來自大巴黎快線SGP的啟示&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;巨型專案的複雜性、長期性與跨轄區性，往往超越了傳統政府部門的治理能力。大巴黎快線（GPE）為此提供了一個創新的治理典範。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;設立專責交付機構&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：法國政府為GPE專案成立了一個專責的公共機構——大巴黎計畫公署（Société des grands projets, SGP）。SGP被賦予了全面的權力，負責從專案融資、設計、建設到車站周邊開發的整個流程，實現了權責的集中與專業化 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;131&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;平衡中央與地方利益的治理結構&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：SGP的治理結構巧妙地平衡了各方利益。其管理委員會由中央政府任命，確保專案符合國家戰略；而其監事會則由中央與地方民選代表共同組成，確保地方的需求與聲音能被充分聽取和採納 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;132&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。這種設計有助於建立共識，減少政治阻力。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;財務與政治的獨立性&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：SGP的法律地位為「工商事業性公法人」（EPIC），這使其能夠透過發行綠色債券和收取專項稅收來自主籌措資金，從而擺脫了年度政府預算的束縛 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;131&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。這種財務上的獨立性，為長達數十年的巨型專案提供了至關重要的穩定性與可預測性。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;結構化的利害關係人對話機制&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：SGP建立了系統性的對話機制，透過專職團隊與地方政府、合作夥伴及沿線居民進行持續溝通，並設立多個協商平台，這對於提升專案的社會接受度至關重要 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;132&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;7.2 為轉型融資：公私協力與土地價值擷取的角色&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;高昂的前期建設成本是鐵道專案面臨的普遍挑戰。為此，歐洲各國積極探索傳統政府預算之外的多元化融資渠道。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;公私協力（Public-Private Partnerships, PPPs）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：PPP模式旨在藉助私部門的資金、技術與管理效率 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;136&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。法國在高鐵建設中廣泛運用PPP，並發展出不同的模式：在「夥伴關係」（partnership）模式中，政府支付可用性費用，承擔大部分市場風險；在「特許經營」（concession）模式中，私營方則承擔更多交通量風險，自負盈虧 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;139&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。然而，PPP模式也面臨政治上的嚴格審視與成本效益的爭議 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;137&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;土地價值擷取（Land Value Capture, LVC）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：LVC的核心理念是，公共交通投資會帶動周邊土地價值上漲，政府應「擷取」其中一部分增值，用於回饋或資助該項公共建設 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;141&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。這是倫敦伊莉莎白線專案資金來源的重要組成部分 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;91&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。LVC的具體工具包括：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;開發者貢獻/徵費&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：要求開發商在申請開發許可時，分攤部分基礎設施建設成本 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;143&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;聯合開發&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：由交通機構與開發商合作，共同開發車站周邊的土地，共享開發利潤 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;146&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;稅收增額融資（Tax Increment Financing, TIF）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：劃定一個特定區域，將未來因公共建設而增加的財產稅「增額」部分，專款專用於償還建設初期發行的債券 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;141&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。TIF在美國被廣泛使用，但其成效也存在爭議，成功的關鍵在於精準的財務規劃與嚴格的監督，以避免公共資金被濫用於本無必要的補貼 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;148&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;7.3 確保公平轉型：緩解仕紳化與推動包容性TOD的策略&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;如第二章所述，TOD的成功往往伴隨著仕紳化的風險，即房價上漲導致低收入原居民被迫遷離 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;27&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。若不加以管理，這種負面的社會效應不僅會引發民眾抗議，更會從根本上違背TOD提升全民福祉的初衷。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;仕紳化挑戰的再審視&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：系統性的文獻回顧顯示，儘管「交通引致的仕紳化」假說得到部分證據支持，但其影響程度與許多其他因素（如既有的社區動態、建成環境特徵、配套政策等）密切相關 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;48&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。這意味著仕紳化並非不可避免的宿命，而是可以透過主動的政策干預來管理的。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;推動「公平TOD」（Equitable TOD, eTOD）的政策工具&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;可負擔住宅配比&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：在TOD區域的開發計畫中，透過法規強制要求開發商必須提供一定比例的可負擔住宅單元 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;43&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;價值擷取收益專款專用&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：將透過LVC機制獲得的部分收益，設立專項基金，用於在TOD區域內新建或補貼可負擔住宅。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;社區參與及共同設計&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：在規劃初期就讓當地居民，特別是弱勢群體，深入參與決策過程，確保未來的發展能回應他們的真實需求，並保護社區的文化認同 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;50&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;保護既有可負擔住宅&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：實施政策保護現有的平價住宅存量，防止其被投機性地收購和高檔化改造。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;總而言之，治理、財務與社會公平是相互關聯、密不可分的「鐵三角」。一個強健的治理模式（如SGP）是實施複雜財務機制（如LVC）的前提；而這些財務機制又必須被設計用以實現公平的社會成果（如可負擔住宅），才能獲得長期的社會許可與政治支持。任何一個支柱的缺失，都將危及整個淨零鐵道專案的成功。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;第八章：為鐵道主管機關制定的策略路線圖&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;綜合前述對歐洲政策、專案與技術的深入分析，本章旨在為臺灣等致力於推動鐵路現代化與淨零轉型的交通主管機關，提供一套系統性、可操作的策略路線圖。此路線圖不僅總結了TOD與PAS 2080整合框架的核心步驟，也針對如何培育低碳供應鏈及適應在地脈絡提出了具體建議。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;8.1 整合框架的綜合實踐：分步指南&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;要將TOD與PAS 2080的整合框架從理論轉化為實踐，建議遵循以下五個階段的實施路徑：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;第一階段：策略規劃與政策校準&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;行動&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：在國家層級的運輸政策與國土計畫中，正式確立「TOD-PAS 2080整合框架」為重大軌道建設的指導原則。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;目標&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：建立跨部會協作機制，確保交通、內政、經濟及工程主管機關之間的政策協同。為大型專案設立專責的交付機構，賦予其整合規劃、融資與執行的權力。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;第二階段：專案啟動與方案選評&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;行動&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：在專案可行性研究階段，重新定義專案的「功能單元」，從單純的「一條鐵路線」擴展為「一個永續交通與都市再生廊帶」。嚴格應用PAS 2080的「碳減排層次結構」，優先評估「不建設」或「減量建設」的可行性。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;目標&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：開發初步的全生命週期碳模型（類似CarbOptimum），用以比較不同路線方案與其對應的TOD發展潛力，將「淨碳效益」作為方案比選的核心指標之一。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;第三階段：設計與採購&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;行動&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：為整合後的TOD區域設定整體的PAS 2080碳基準線與減排目標。將碳績效要求明確納入設計規範與採購合約中，對設計、施工及材料供應商產生約束力。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;目標&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：導入數位分身技術，建立一個供都市規劃師、建築師、工程師及專案經理共享的協作平台，以視覺化、即時化的方式優化設計方案的碳績效。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;第四階段：執行與營運&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;行動&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：在施工及營運階段，持續監測專案的碳績效，並與目標進行比對。同時，收集關於運具轉移、土地使用變遷及房地產價值的真實世界數據。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;目標&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：利用收集到的數據，驗證並校準初期的碳模型與經濟模型，為未來的專案提供更精準的預測基礎，並形成持續改進的良性循環。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;第五階段：治理與融資&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;行動&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：全面實施土地價值擷取機制，並確保將部分收益用於TOD區域內的可負擔住宅及公共設施改善，以實現社會公平。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 7.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;目標&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：建立常態化的社區溝通與參與平台，確保專案在全生命週期中能持續獲得社會的理解與支持。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;8.2 培育低碳供應鏈的政策與採購建議&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;一個成功的淨零鐵道專案，離不開一個成熟且具備能力的低碳供應鏈。政府可透過以下政策工具積極培育此一生態系：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;強制要求PAS 2080&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：將遵循或對標PAS 2080標準，作為所有達到一定規模的公共基礎設施專案的強制性要求，從需求端創造明確的市場信號。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;推動綠色公共採購&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：在政府採購法規中，建立明確的評選標準，對採用低碳材料（如XCarb®鋼材、ECOPact混凝土）、創新工法及循環經濟模式的投標廠商給予實質性的加分或獎勵 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;155&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;建立國家級LCA資料庫&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：借鑒歐洲經驗 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;64&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;，由政府主導投資建立一個權威、透明、在地化的建築材料生命週期評估資料庫 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;157&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。這將為所有公共工程的PAS 2080實踐提供一致且可靠的碳計算基礎，降低企業導入的門檻。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;支持供應鏈創新與轉型&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：運用公共資金或研發補助，支持國內產學研單位進行低碳建材與技術的研發。同時，為中小企業提供技術輔導與培訓，協助其建立碳管理能力，以滿足新的採購標準 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;58&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;8.3 歐洲模式的在地化：對臺灣的具體行動建議&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;臺灣在推動鐵道建設方面已有良好基礎，交通部鐵道局與臺鐵公司已開始進行碳足跡盤查，為碳管理奠定了初步數據基礎 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;158&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。臺灣高鐵公司亦積極投入節能改善與永續發展 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;160&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。然而，挑戰依然存在，包括TOD理念尚未完全落實、軌道建設的財務自償性不足，以及PAS 2080等系統性碳管理工具尚未普及 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;141&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;。為此，借鑒歐洲模式並加以在地化，是臺灣邁向淨零鐵道的關鍵。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;具體行動建議如下：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;成立高層級的「淨零TOD推動辦公室」&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：由行政院層級主導，整合交通部、內政部、經濟部、公共工程委員會等相關部會，共同制定臺灣版的「淨零鐵道暨TOD發展綱領」。此綱領應明確定義TOD的開發原則、容積獎勵機制、價值擷取法源，並將PAS 2080列為軌道建設的標準作業程序。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;啟動指標性整合示範專案&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：選定一項即將推動的新建或延伸軌道專案（例如捷運環線的後續路段、或高鐵延伸線），作為全面導入「TOD-PAS 2080整合框架」的國家級示範計畫。從專案的治理架構、財務模式、設計施工到社區參與，完整實踐本報告所提出的整合策略，為全國建立可複製的成功範例。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;修訂《都市計畫法》與《鐵路法》&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：加速法規修訂，為TOD的實踐掃除制度障礙。修法重點應包括：賦予主管機關在劃定的大眾運輸場站影響區內，主動進行都市計畫變更的權力；將容積獎勵與提供公共服務（如社會住宅、公共開放空間）更緊密地掛鉤；並為價值擷取、稅收增額融資等多元財務工具提供明確的法律授權 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;163&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;投資建置「營建工程碳足跡資料庫」&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：由公共工程委員會或內政部建築研究所牽頭，整合產官學資源，建立臺灣本土的營建材料與工法LCA資料庫 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #575b5f; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;&quot;&gt;157&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。此資料庫應對公眾開放，作為所有公共工程進行碳盤查與PAS 2080管理的統一依據，確保數據的一致性與可比較性。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;強化社會溝通與能力建構&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：針對仕紳化等潛在社會衝擊，建立專案前期的社會影響評估機制，並將社區參與制度化。同時，針對公務人員、工程顧問、營造廠商等價值鏈各環節的從業人員，大規模開設TOD規劃與PAS 2080碳管理相關的培訓課程，全面提升產業的永續素養與執行能力。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.3799999713897704; margin-bottom: 12.75pt; margin-top: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;透過上述系統性的策略佈局，臺灣將能有效借鑒歐洲的成功經驗，將軌道建設從單純的交通工程，提升為驅動國家邁向淨零排放與永續發展的強大引擎。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12.75pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;引用的著作&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h4&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;各類交通方式的預估排放量- Travel說明, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://support.google.com/travel/answer/13571996?hl=zh-Hant&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://support.google.com/travel/answer/13571996?hl=zh-Hant&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;下一站「碳中和」 鐵道大國日本的鐵路零碳挑戰| ESG創新 - 倡議家, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ubrand.udn.com/ubrand/story/12117/7019456&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://ubrand.udn.com/ubrand/story/12117/7019456&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Railways: Systematic Review of Research Progress, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.researchgate.net/publication/378299490_Greenhouse_Gas_Emissions_in_Railways_Systematic_Review_of_Research_Progress&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.researchgate.net/publication/378299490_Greenhouse_Gas_Emissions_in_Railways_Systematic_Review_of_Research_Progress&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Trends and Challenges in Railway Sustainability: The State of the Art regarding Measures, Strategies, and Assessment Tools - MDPI, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/24/16632&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/24/16632&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Life Cycle Assessment of High-Performance Railway Infrastructure, Analysis of Superstructures in Tunnels and on Open Tracks - MDPI, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/9/7064&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/9/7064&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; 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font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Rail Decarbonization: An Ecosystem Perspective - WSP, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wsp.com/-/media/insights/global/documents/wsp-rail-decarbonization.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.wsp.com/-/media/insights/global/documents/wsp-rail-decarbonization.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; 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style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Preliminary Analysis and Possibilities of Reducing the Carbon Footprint of Embedded Materials on the Example of Innovative Systemic Railway Stations (ISS) - MDPI, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/23/10345&quot; 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font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Carbon Footprint of High Speed Rail, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://railroads.dot.gov/sites/fra.dot.gov/files/fra_net/15009/Carbon%20Footprint%20of%20High-Speed%20Rail%20UIC%202011.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://railroads.dot.gov/sites/fra.dot.gov/files/fra_net/15009/Carbon%20Footprint%20of%20High-Speed%20Rail%20UIC%202011.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; 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font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;The Rise of Circular Economy in Rail Equipment - Okon Recycling, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.okonrecycling.com/specialty-equipment-recycling/other-equipments/circular-economy-rail-equipment/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; 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font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;交通運輸對環境的影響- 維基百科, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E9%81%8B%E8%BC%B8%E5%B0%8D%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E9%81%8B%E8%BC%B8%E5%B0%8D%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;PAS 2080标准- 基础设施碳排放管理 - The Carbon Trust, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.carbontrust.com/zh/what-we-do/assurance-and-labelling/pas-2080-carbon-management-in-infrastructure&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.carbontrust.com/zh/what-we-do/assurance-and-labelling/pas-2080-carbon-management-in-infrastructure&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Chapter 10: Transport - IPCC, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg3/chapter/chapter-10/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg3/chapter/chapter-10/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Mobility Strategy - European Commission - Mobility and Transport, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://transport.ec.europa.eu/transport-themes/mobility-strategy_en&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://transport.ec.europa.eu/transport-themes/mobility-strategy_en&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Sustainable &amp;amp; smart mobility - European Commission - Mobility and Transport, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://transport.ec.europa.eu/transport-themes/eu-mobility-transport-achievements-2019-2024/sustainable-smart-mobility_en&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://transport.ec.europa.eu/transport-themes/eu-mobility-transport-achievements-2019-2024/sustainable-smart-mobility_en&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Sustainable Mobility: The European Union&#39;s Strategy | Webuild Group, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.webuildgroup.com/en/discovery/articles/sustainable-mobility-european-unions-strategy/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.webuildgroup.com/en/discovery/articles/sustainable-mobility-european-unions-strategy/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;CER input to the EU Strategy for Sustainable and Smart Mobility, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cer.be/cer-positions/cer-input-to-the-eu-strategy-for-sustainable-and-smart-mobility&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.cer.be/cer-positions/cer-input-to-the-eu-strategy-for-sustainable-and-smart-mobility&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;New EU strategy for sustainable and smart mobility gives pivotal role to rail - EIM, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://eimrail.org/2020/12/09/new-eu-strategy-for-sustainable-and-smart-mobility-gives-pivotal-role-to-rail/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://eimrail.org/2020/12/09/new-eu-strategy-for-sustainable-and-smart-mobility-gives-pivotal-role-to-rail/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;大眾運輸導向發展(Transit-Oriented Development, TOD) - Urbanoter, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://urbanoter.com/tod/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://urbanoter.com/tod/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;從大眾運輸導向發展理論(TOD)談臺中縣市合併, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://rdnet.taichung.gov.tw/media/427806/210200133686.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://rdnet.taichung.gov.tw/media/427806/210200133686.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Histories of Transit-Oriented Development: Perspectives on the Development of the TOD Concept - eScholarship.org, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7wm9t8r6&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7wm9t8r6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Transit Oriented Development - IIDA New England, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.iidane.org/iida-ne-wire/february2023&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.iidane.org/iida-ne-wire/february2023&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Peter Calthorpe: Ideology and Philosophy - - Rethinking The Future, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/know-your-architects/a6100-peter-calthorpe-ideology-and-philosophy/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/know-your-architects/a6100-peter-calthorpe-ideology-and-philosophy/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Transit-Oriented Development in the United States: Experiences, Challenges, and Prospects, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://planning.org/knowledgebase/resource/9148391&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://planning.org/knowledgebase/resource/9148391&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Transit-oriented Development in the United States: Experiences, Challenges, and Prospects, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.com/books/about/Transit_oriented_Development_in_the_Unit.html?id=a6__pNpM44MC&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://books.google.com/books/about/Transit_oriented_Development_in_the_Unit.html?id=a6__pNpM44MC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Transit-oriented development - Wikipedia, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transit-oriented_development&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transit-oriented_development&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;TOD懶人包！ TOD是什麼？TOD 有什麼特色？士林TOD案例介紹！ - HouseFeel 房感, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.housefeel.com.tw/article/%E5%A3%AB%E6%9E%97%E6%8D%B7%E9%81%8B%E7%AB%99-tod-%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E9%96%8B%E7%99%BC-%E5%A3%AB%E6%9E%97%E7%AB%99-%E9%A3%AF%E5%BA%97-%E5%95%86%E5%A0%B4-%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0%E5%BB%B3/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.housefeel.com.tw/article/%E5%A3%AB%E6%9E%97%E6%8D%B7%E9%81%8B%E7%AB%99-tod-%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E9%96%8B%E7%99%BC-%E5%A3%AB%E6%9E%97%E7%AB%99-%E9%A3%AF%E5%BA%97-%E5%95%86%E5%A0%B4-%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0%E5%BB%B3/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;National Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Policy, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://mohua.gov.in/upload/whatsnew/59a4070e85256Transit_Oriented_Developoment_Policy.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://mohua.gov.in/upload/whatsnew/59a4070e85256Transit_Oriented_Developoment_Policy.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;5. Transit Oriented Development Fact Sheet, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://crcog.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Ch05_FactSheet_TOD.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://crcog.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Ch05_FactSheet_TOD.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;公共交通导向发展 - C40 Cities, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.c40.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/%E8%89%AF%E5%A5%BD%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B5%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97-%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E5%AF%BC%E5%90%91%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.c40.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/%E8%89%AF%E5%A5%BD%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B5%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97-%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E5%AF%BC%E5%90%91%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;大眾運輸導向型發展- 維基百科, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E5%AF%BC%E5%90%91%E5%9E%8B%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E5%AF%BC%E5%90%91%E5%9E%8B%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;公交导向发展评价标准, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://transformative-mobility.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/GIZ-IDTP_TOD-Standard-2.1_CN.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://transformative-mobility.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/GIZ-IDTP_TOD-Standard-2.1_CN.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Eight Principles - TOD Standard – ITDP, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://tod.itdp.org/what-is-tod/eight-principles-of-tod.html&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://tod.itdp.org/what-is-tod/eight-principles-of-tod.html&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;The TOD Standard - C40 Knowledge Hub, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.c40knowledgehub.org/s/article/The-TOD-Standard&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.c40knowledgehub.org/s/article/The-TOD-Standard&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Transforming the Urban Space Through Transit-Oriented Development: The 3V Approach, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/transport/publication/transforming-the-urban-space-through-transit-oriented-development-the-3v-approach&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/transport/publication/transforming-the-urban-space-through-transit-oriented-development-the-3v-approach&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Crossrail Property Impact &amp;amp; Regeneration Study, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://learninglegacy.crossrail.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/4D-003-crossrail_property_impact_regeneration_study.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://learninglegacy.crossrail.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/4D-003-crossrail_property_impact_regeneration_study.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Will the Crossrail effect give a boost to house prices along the Elizabeth line? - Savills, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.savills.com/blog/article/328911/residential-property/will-the-crossrail-effect-see-a-boost-to-house-prices-along-the-elizabeth-line-.aspx&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.savills.com/blog/article/328911/residential-property/will-the-crossrail-effect-see-a-boost-to-house-prices-along-the-elizabeth-line-.aspx&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Crossrail Baseline Evaluation: Pre-opening property impacts report - TfL, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://content.tfl.gov.uk/property-impacts-report-acc.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://content.tfl.gov.uk/property-impacts-report-acc.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;How has Transit Oriented Development Impacted Land Gentrification in London - SHS Web of Conferences, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.shs-conferences.org/articles/shsconf/pdf/2023/12/shsconf_icssed2023_04010.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.shs-conferences.org/articles/shsconf/pdf/2023/12/shsconf_icssed2023_04010.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Full article: Transit-oriented development and gentrification: a systematic review, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01441647.2019.1649316&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01441647.2019.1649316&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Transit-oriented development and gentrification: a systematic review - Estudo Geral, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://estudogeral.uc.pt/bitstream/10316/89017/1/Transit%20oriented%20development%20and%20gentrification.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; 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font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Social Impacts of Transit Oriented Development on Disadvantaged Communities, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ucits.org/projects/social-impacts-of-transit-oriented-development-on-disadvantaged-communities/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://ucits.org/projects/social-impacts-of-transit-oriented-development-on-disadvantaged-communities/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Contradictions of Transit-Oriented Development in Low-Income Neighborhoods: The Case Study of Rosengård in Malmö, Sweden - MDPI, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mdpi.com/2413-8851/4/2/20&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.mdpi.com/2413-8851/4/2/20&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;PAS 2080 Carbon Management in Infrastructure - Tunley Environmental, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tunley-environmental.com/en/insights/pas-2080-carbon-management-in-infrastructure&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.tunley-environmental.com/en/insights/pas-2080-carbon-management-in-infrastructure&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Demystifying PAS 2080: A Comprehensive Guide to Carbon Management in Infrastructure, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://esgpro.co.uk/demystifying-pas-2080-a-comprehensive-guide/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://esgpro.co.uk/demystifying-pas-2080-a-comprehensive-guide/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Guidance Document: PAS 2080 for Carbon Management | Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE), 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ice.org.uk/areas-of-interest/decarbonisation/guidance-document-pas2080&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.ice.org.uk/areas-of-interest/decarbonisation/guidance-document-pas2080&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Testing and Certification in Carbon Management in Infrastructure (PAS 2080) | BSI, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bsigroup.com/en-US/products-and-services/assessment-and-certification/product-testing-certification/certify-your-commitment-to-a-more-sustainable-built-environment-carbon-management-in-infrastructure-pas-2080/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.bsigroup.com/en-US/products-and-services/assessment-and-certification/product-testing-certification/certify-your-commitment-to-a-more-sustainable-built-environment-carbon-management-in-infrastructure-pas-2080/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;PAS 2080:2023 Carbon Management in Infrastructure - BSI, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bsigroup.com/en-US/insights-and-media/insights/brochures/pas-2080-carbon-management-in-infrastructure-and-built-environment/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.bsigroup.com/en-US/insights-and-media/insights/brochures/pas-2080-carbon-management-in-infrastructure-and-built-environment/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;WSP觀點/營建工程如何減碳？淺談PAS 2080 - 威煦軟體, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wishingsoft.com/consultantblog/wsppas-2080&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.wishingsoft.com/consultantblog/wsppas-2080&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;WSP觀點/政府機關如何進行工程碳管理？淺談PAS 2080運用及實施, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wishingsoft.com/consultantblog/wsppas-20801236266&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.wishingsoft.com/consultantblog/wsppas-20801236266&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;WSP觀點/政府機關如何進行工程碳管理？淺談PAS 2080運用及實施 - 台灣永續網, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.esgtw.net/wsp-250408/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.esgtw.net/wsp-250408/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;PAS 2080:2023- Carbon management in buildings and infrastructure - BSI, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bsigroup.com/siteassets/pdf/en/insights-and-media/insights/brochures/pas_2080.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.bsigroup.com/siteassets/pdf/en/insights-and-media/insights/brochures/pas_2080.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;The cost of reducing carbon emissions in infrastructure - Institution of Civil Engineers, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ice.org.uk/news-views-insights/inside-infrastructure/cost-of-reducing-carbon-emissions-infrastructure&quot; 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style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;PAS 2080: How to get started - Society for the Environment, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://socenv.org.uk/resource/pas-2080-top-tips/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://socenv.org.uk/resource/pas-2080-top-tips/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Guidance Document for PAS 2080 | Construction Leadership Council, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.constructionleadershipcouncil.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Guidance-Document-for-PAS2080_vFinal.pdf&quot; 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style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;CONSTRUCTION CARBON REGULATIONS IN EUROPE, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://143253260.fs1.hubspotusercontent-eu1.net/hubfs/143253260/EU%20Regulations%20Review.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://143253260.fs1.hubspotusercontent-eu1.net/hubfs/143253260/EU%20Regulations%20Review.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(PDF) TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT (TOD). 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list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;The environment and the Grand Paris Express worksites, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.grandparisexpress.fr/worksites/environment&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; 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style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Low-Carbon Concrete | ECOPact - Holcim, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.holcim.com/what-we-do/our-building-solutions/ready-mix-concrete/ecopact&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.holcim.com/what-we-do/our-building-solutions/ready-mix-concrete/ecopact&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;XCarb® | ArcelorMittal, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://corporate.arcelormittal.com/climate-action/xcarb&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; 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font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Financing the Trans-European Networks | Fact Sheets on the European Union, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.europarl.europa.eu/factsheets/en/sheet/136/financing-the-trans-european-networks&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; 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font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;A low-emission railway - Network Rail, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.networkrail.co.uk/sustainability/a-low-emission-railway/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.networkrail.co.uk/sustainability/a-low-emission-railway/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;TRANSPORT DECARBONSATION PLAN / RAIL ENVIRONMENT POLICY STATEMENT – SUMMARY, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.raildeliverygroup.com/media-centre-docman/12831-transport-decarbonisation-plan-rail-environment-policy-statement-summary/file.html&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.raildeliverygroup.com/media-centre-docman/12831-transport-decarbonisation-plan-rail-environment-policy-statement-summary/file.html&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Building a greener railway - Transport Scotland, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.transport.gov.scot/public-transport/rail/building-a-greener-railway/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.transport.gov.scot/public-transport/rail/building-a-greener-railway/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Wales and Western Regional Traction Decarbonisation Strategy - NET, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sacuksprodnrdigital0001.blob.core.windows.net/regional-long-term-planning/Wales%20and%20Western/Wales%20&amp;amp;%20Western%20Regional%20Traction%20Decarbonisation%20Strategy.pdf&quot; 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role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;La transition écologique et solidaire vers la neutralité carbone - Bulletin Officiel, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.bulletin-officiel.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/documents/Bulletinofficiel-0031300/TRER2010109P.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.bulletin-officiel.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/documents/Bulletinofficiel-0031300/TRER2010109P.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Stratégie nationale bas-carbone (SNBC) | Ministères Aménagement du territoire Transition écologique, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ecologie.gouv.fr/politiques-publiques/strategie-nationale-bas-carbone-snbc&quot; 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margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Stratégie nationale bas-carbone __, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ecologie.gouv.fr/sites/default/files/documents/19092_strategie-carbone-FR_oct-20.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.ecologie.gouv.fr/sites/default/files/documents/19092_strategie-carbone-FR_oct-20.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Décarbonation : le ferroviaire mobilisé dans un livre blanc - SNCF, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.groupe-sncf.com/fr/groupe/fournisseurs/livre-blanc-decarbonation-ferroviaire&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; 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font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;The planned reforms to the German Federal Building Code (BauGB) in the coalition agreement - CMS LAW-NOW, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://cms-lawnow.com/en/ealerts/2025/05/the-planned-reforms-to-the-german-federal-building-code-baugb-in-the-coalition-agreement&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://cms-lawnow.com/en/ealerts/2025/05/the-planned-reforms-to-the-german-federal-building-code-baugb-in-the-coalition-agreement&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Public building law | Umweltbundesamt, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/en/public-building-law&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; 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font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Public Transport in 2040 - Government.nl, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.government.nl/binaries/government/documenten/reports/2019/05/13/public-transport-in-2040/Public+Transport+in+2040+Outlines+of+a+vision+for+the+future++.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.government.nl/binaries/government/documenten/reports/2019/05/13/public-transport-in-2040/Public+Transport+in+2040+Outlines+of+a+vision+for+the+future++.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Accessibility benefits of integrated land use and public transport policy plans in the Netherlands, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.pbl.nl/en/publications/accessibility-benefits-of-integrated-land-use-and-public-transport-policy-plans-in-the-netherlands&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.pbl.nl/en/publications/accessibility-benefits-of-integrated-land-use-and-public-transport-policy-plans-in-the-netherlands&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;THE GRAND PARIS EXPRESS*, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.uur.cz/media/zy4pn4xz/7-grand-paris.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.uur.cz/media/zy4pn4xz/7-grand-paris.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Grand Paris Express Now Has a Dazzling Keystone - Metropolis Magazine, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://metropolismag.com/projects/grand-paris-express-dazzling-keystone/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://metropolismag.com/projects/grand-paris-express-dazzling-keystone/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Grand Paris Express - VINCI Construction Grands Projets, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vinci-construction-projets.com/en/realisations/grand-paris-express/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.vinci-construction-projets.com/en/realisations/grand-paris-express/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;A CSR roadmap for a sustainable development project | Société des ..., 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.societedesgrandsprojets.fr/csr-programme&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.societedesgrandsprojets.fr/csr-programme&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;The Crossrail Effect - Central District Alliance, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.centraldistrictalliance.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/LPA-Crossrail-Effect-report-SEPTEMBER-2023.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.centraldistrictalliance.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/LPA-Crossrail-Effect-report-SEPTEMBER-2023.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Crossrail project: Finance, funding and value capture for London&#39;s Elizabeth line, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318872789_Crossrail_project_Finance_funding_and_value_capture_for_London&#39;s_Elizabeth_line&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318872789_Crossrail_project_Finance_funding_and_value_capture_for_London&#39;s_Elizabeth_line&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Elizabeth line post-opening evaluation - London - TfL, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://content.tfl.gov.uk/elizabeth-line-post-opening-evaluation-interim-findings.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://content.tfl.gov.uk/elizabeth-line-post-opening-evaluation-interim-findings.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Current situation - Smart Sustainable Districts – Utrecht Beurskwartier, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ssd-utrecht.nl/deep-dive-utrecht/current-situation/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://ssd-utrecht.nl/deep-dive-utrecht/current-situation/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Utrecht - NbS for for urban resilience and citizens&#39; wellbeing - NetworkNature, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://networknature.eu/casestudy/19453&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://networknature.eu/casestudy/19453&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Utrecht: Leading Innovator in Urban Development - FutureHubs.eu, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://futurehubs.eu/utrechtnetherlands-the-story-of-urban-renewal-and-community-transformation/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://futurehubs.eu/utrechtnetherlands-the-story-of-urban-renewal-and-community-transformation/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Utrecht - NbS for for urban resilience and citizens&#39; wellbeing | Oppla, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://oppla.eu/case-study/utrecht-nbs-urban-resilience-and-citizens-wellbeing&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://oppla.eu/case-study/utrecht-nbs-urban-resilience-and-citizens-wellbeing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Green TODs: Marrying transit-oriented development and green urbanism - ResearchGate, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.researchgate.net/publication/254315788_Green_TODs_Marrying_transit-oriented_development_and_green_urbanism&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.researchgate.net/publication/254315788_Green_TODs_Marrying_transit-oriented_development_and_green_urbanism&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;檢索日期：1月 1, 1970， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.cu2030.nl/page/english&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.cu2030.nl/page/english&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Utrecht, an energy plan devised by citizens, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://energy-cities.eu/best-practice/utrecht-the-netherlands-an-energy-plan-devised-by-citizens/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://energy-cities.eu/best-practice/utrecht-the-netherlands-an-energy-plan-devised-by-citizens/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Utrecht and the Global Goals, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://healthyurbanliving.utrecht.nl/fileadmin/uploads/documenten/bestuur-en-organisatie/internationale-zaken/Utrecht-andthe-global-goals.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://healthyurbanliving.utrecht.nl/fileadmin/uploads/documenten/bestuur-en-organisatie/internationale-zaken/Utrecht-andthe-global-goals.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Low carbon concrete to become standard on all Laing O&#39;Rourke UK projects, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.laingorourke.com/company/news/2023/low-carbon-concrete-to-become-standard/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.laingorourke.com/company/news/2023/low-carbon-concrete-to-become-standard/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ECOPact - The LOW CARBON CONCRETE RANGE - Aggregate Industries, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.holcim.co.uk/products/ready-mix-concrete/ecopact&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.holcim.co.uk/products/ready-mix-concrete/ecopact&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Holcim US Recognized with NRMCA Concrete Innovations Award for Innovative Carbon Reduction Strategies - PR Newswire, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/holcim-us-recognized-with-nrmca-concrete-innovations-award-for-innovative-carbon-reduction-strategies-302412704.html&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/holcim-us-recognized-with-nrmca-concrete-innovations-award-for-innovative-carbon-reduction-strategies-302412704.html&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Carbon-neutral concrete boosts NSW rail infrastructure sustainability - Holcim Australia, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.holcim.com.au/carbon-neutral-concrete-boosts-nsw-rail-infrastructure-sustainability&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.holcim.com.au/carbon-neutral-concrete-boosts-nsw-rail-infrastructure-sustainability&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Precast Concrete and Prefabricated Solutions - Holcim, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.holcim.com/what-we-do/our-building-solutions/specialty-building-solutions/precast-prefab&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.holcim.com/what-we-do/our-building-solutions/specialty-building-solutions/precast-prefab&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ABB and ArcelorMittal partner to lower environmental impact of power distribution systems, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://new.abb.com/news/detail/120261/abb-and-arcelormittal-partner-to-lower-environmental-impact-of-power-distribution-systems&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://new.abb.com/news/detail/120261/abb-and-arcelormittal-partner-to-lower-environmental-impact-of-power-distribution-systems&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Navigating sustainability challenges in rail | Roland Berger, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.rolandberger.com/en/Insights/Publications/Navigating-sustainability-challenges-in-rail.html&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.rolandberger.com/en/Insights/Publications/Navigating-sustainability-challenges-in-rail.html&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;The low-carbon rail platform of the future | Arcadis, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.arcadis.com/en/projects/europe/united-kingdom/the-low-carbon-rail-platform-of-the-future&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.arcadis.com/en/projects/europe/united-kingdom/the-low-carbon-rail-platform-of-the-future&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Innovations in low carbon, low cost design: composites in rail electrification, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ice.org.uk/events/recorded-lectures/composites-in-rail-electrification&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.ice.org.uk/events/recorded-lectures/composites-in-rail-electrification&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Circular Transformation of Industries: Unlocking Economic Value, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://reports.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Circular_Transformation_of_Industries_2025.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://reports.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Circular_Transformation_of_Industries_2025.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Circularity in the Rail Sector – Focus: Rolling Stock - Railsponsible, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://railsponsible.group/app/uploads/2024/09/20240910_Whitepaper-circularity_FINAL.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://railsponsible.group/app/uploads/2024/09/20240910_Whitepaper-circularity_FINAL.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;How Rail Can Enable the Circular Economy - University of Warwick, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/wmg/research/research-areas/sustainable-materials-and-manufacturing/cents/activities/whitepapers/rail.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/wmg/research/research-areas/sustainable-materials-and-manufacturing/cents/activities/whitepapers/rail.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Railway Geohazard Mitigation &amp;amp; Railroad Engineering - Geostabilization International, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.geostabilization.com/industries-served/railway/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.geostabilization.com/industries-served/railway/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Sustainable civil engineering practices for resilient railway infrastructure, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://wcs-consult.co.uk/sustainable-civil-engineering-practices-for-resilient-railway-infrastructure/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://wcs-consult.co.uk/sustainable-civil-engineering-practices-for-resilient-railway-infrastructure/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Traction Decarbonisation Network Strategy – Executive Summary, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.networkrail.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Traction-Decarbonisation-Network-Strategy-Executive-Summary.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.networkrail.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Traction-Decarbonisation-Network-Strategy-Executive-Summary.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Alstom&#39;s green traction solutions: sustainable solutions for non-electrified railways, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.alstom.com/alstoms-green-traction-solutions-sustainable-solutions-non-electrified-railways&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.alstom.com/alstoms-green-traction-solutions-sustainable-solutions-non-electrified-railways&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Moving to a low carbon future together | Alstom, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.alstom.com/press-releases-news/2024/3/moving-low-carbon-future-together&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.alstom.com/press-releases-news/2024/3/moving-low-carbon-future-together&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;From Data to Decisions: Unlocking Rail Potential with Digital Twins - Global Railway Review, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.globalrailwayreview.com/article/223508/from-data-to-decisions-unlocking-rail-potential-with-digital-twins/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.globalrailwayreview.com/article/223508/from-data-to-decisions-unlocking-rail-potential-with-digital-twins/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Digital Twins Advance Sustainable Infrastructure - WSP, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.wsp.com/en-gl/insights/digital-twins-advance-sustainable-infrastructure&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.wsp.com/en-gl/insights/digital-twins-advance-sustainable-infrastructure&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Digital Twins for Material Lifecycle Tracking → Scenario - Prism → Sustainability Directory, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://prism.sustainability-directory.com/scenario/digital-twins-for-material-lifecycle-tracking/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://prism.sustainability-directory.com/scenario/digital-twins-for-material-lifecycle-tracking/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Digital Twins in the Construction Industry: A Comprehensive Review of Current Implementations, Enabling Technologies, and Future Directions - MDPI, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/14/10908&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/14/10908&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Digital Twins as Enablers of Predictive Maintenance in Rail Transport Services - ThinkMind, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.thinkmind.org/articles/soft_v17_n34_2024_2.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.thinkmind.org/articles/soft_v17_n34_2024_2.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Digital twins for dynamic life cycle assessment in the built environment - PubMed, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40609420/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40609420/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(PDF) 6 th Workshop on Environmental Engineering Synergizing Sustainability and Smartness: Integrating Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment with Digital Twins for Buildings - ResearchGate, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.researchgate.net/publication/375277797_6_th_Workshop_on_Environmental_Engineering_Synergizing_Sustainability_and_Smartness_Integrating_Life_Cycle_Sustainability_Assessment_with_Digital_Twins_for_Buildings&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.researchgate.net/publication/375277797_6_th_Workshop_on_Environmental_Engineering_Synergizing_Sustainability_and_Smartness_Integrating_Life_Cycle_Sustainability_Assessment_with_Digital_Twins_for_Buildings&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Digital Twinning for Transport Decarbonisation - TransiT - YouTube, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ORh-3W76lLw&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ORh-3W76lLw&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;TransiT - Digital Twinning for the Decarbonisation of UK Transport, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://transit.ac.uk/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://transit.ac.uk/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Hub will pioneer use of digital twins to decarbonise transport - UKRI, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ukri.org/news/hub-will-pioneer-use-of-digital-twins-to-decarbonise-transport/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.ukri.org/news/hub-will-pioneer-use-of-digital-twins-to-decarbonise-transport/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;How Will Digital Twins Help Decarbonise Transport Systems? | Energy Magazine, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://energydigital.com/articles/how-will-digital-twins-help-decarbonise-transport-systems&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://energydigital.com/articles/how-will-digital-twins-help-decarbonise-transport-systems&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;How to use a lifecycle digital twin to streamline carbon capture processes, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.controleng.com/how-to-use-a-lifecycle-digital-twin-to-streamline-carbon-capture-processes/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.controleng.com/how-to-use-a-lifecycle-digital-twin-to-streamline-carbon-capture-processes/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Pairing AI and digital twin technology to cut emissions | World Economic Forum, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.weforum.org/stories/2024/03/how-digital-twin-technology-can-work-with-ai-to-boost-buildings-emissions-reductions/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.weforum.org/stories/2024/03/how-digital-twin-technology-can-work-with-ai-to-boost-buildings-emissions-reductions/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Grand Paris Express - Improving Delivery Models, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://infrastructuredeliverymodels.gihub.org/case-studies/grand-paris-express/&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://infrastructuredeliverymodels.gihub.org/case-studies/grand-paris-express/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Our approach to dialogue and consultation | Société des grands projets, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.societedesgrandsprojets.fr/our-approach-to-dialogue-and-consultation&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.societedesgrandsprojets.fr/our-approach-to-dialogue-and-consultation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Investor presentation - Société des grands projets, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.societedesgrandsprojets.fr/sites/default/files/2024-09/pm_12814_219_219569-si0ycigflv_0.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.societedesgrandsprojets.fr/sites/default/files/2024-09/pm_12814_219_219569-si0ycigflv_0.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Société du Grand Paris (France), 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.grandparisexpress.fr/sites/default/files/2023-06/Rapport%20Moody%27s%2C%20mars%202022.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.grandparisexpress.fr/sites/default/files/2023-06/Rapport%20Moody%27s%2C%20mars%202022.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Annual Report 2022 - Grand Paris express, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.grandparisexpress.fr/annual-report-2022&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.grandparisexpress.fr/annual-report-2022&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Land Value Capture Tools: Integrating Transit and Land Use through Finance to Enable Economic Value Creation - Scientific Research Publishing, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation?paperid=99762&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation?paperid=99762&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Public-Private Partnerships in Infrastructure: A Model Challenged by France&#39;s Political Context | NAOS International, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.naos-international.com/public-private-partnerships-in-infrastructure-a-model-challenged-by-frances-political-context/&quot; 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style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Ten years of PPP: An initial assessment - Public Private Partnership, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ppp.worldbank.org/public-private-partnership/sites/ppp.worldbank.org/files/2022-06/Ten_Years_of_PPP_in_France_-_OECD_Journal_on_Budgeting_2015.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://ppp.worldbank.org/public-private-partnership/sites/ppp.worldbank.org/files/2022-06/Ten_Years_of_PPP_in_France_-_OECD_Journal_on_Budgeting_2015.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;PPP &amp;amp; Concessions: the French experience - Direction générale du Trésor, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.tresor.economie.gouv.fr/Articles/ea5eec09-d399-4df2-86c5-8ac5a02685c2/files/5c5ef520-7857-4cba-8d37-b6310e0441aa&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.tresor.economie.gouv.fr/Articles/ea5eec09-d399-4df2-86c5-8ac5a02685c2/files/5c5ef520-7857-4cba-8d37-b6310e0441aa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Case Study: SNCF Réseau - PPIAF, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ppiaf.org/sites/ppiaf.org/files/documents/toolkits/railways_toolkit/PDFs/RR%20Toolkit%20EN%20New%202017%2012%2027%20CASE14%20SNCF.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.ppiaf.org/sites/ppiaf.org/files/documents/toolkits/railways_toolkit/PDFs/RR%20Toolkit%20EN%20New%202017%2012%2027%20CASE14%20SNCF.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;提升軌道建設財政能力之創新工具 TOD與TIF初探, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ceci.org.tw/Upload/Download/34132BD1-3B8F-4D52-9EE2-498A6C7341A8.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.ceci.org.tw/Upload/Download/34132BD1-3B8F-4D52-9EE2-498A6C7341A8.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Publication: Financing Transit-Oriented Development with Land Values : Adapting Land Value Capture in Developing Countries - World Bank Open Knowledge Repository, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/entities/publication/05331a70-10cd-5605-9b61-0ed80a555903&quot; 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margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Land Value Capture for Sustainable Urban Development in A Developing City - Digilib ITB, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://digilib.itb.ac.id/assets/files/2025/SnVybmFsIFB1Ymxpc2gucGRm.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://digilib.itb.ac.id/assets/files/2025/SnVybmFsIFB1Ymxpc2gucGRm.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(PDF) Value Capture as a Tool to Finance Urban Transportation Infrastructure in the Era of Crisis - ResearchGate, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305209625_Value_Capture_as_a_Tool_to_Finance_Urban_Transportation_Infrastructure_in_the_Era_of_Crisis&quot; 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role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Financing Transit Systems Through Value Capture - Victoria Transport Policy Institute, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.vtpi.org/smith.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.vtpi.org/smith.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Financing Transit Oriented Development by Value Capture - Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lincolninst.edu/publications/working-papers/financing-transit-oriented-development-value-capture/&quot; 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margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Land Value Capture (LVC) Implementation Challenge in the Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Project in Jakarta, Indonesia - Erasmus University Thesis Repository, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://thesis.eur.nl/pub/70397/-1-43023.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://thesis.eur.nl/pub/70397/-1-43023.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Tax Increment Financing: A History and Analysis of its Success and Failure - DigitalCommons@USU, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1074&amp;amp;context=gradreports2023&quot; 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dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;Improving Tax Increment Financing (TIF) for Economic Development - Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lincolninst.edu/app/uploads/legacy-files/pubfiles/improving-tax-increment-financing-full.pdf&quot; 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style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;行政院公共工程委員會永續發展目標自願檢視報告, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://ncsd.ndc.gov.tw/_ofu/VDR/3ae425d0-b510-486f-8cac-0de9adf77071/VDR.pdf?2e86a792-fc20-4249-a4c2-ed8f026584c5&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://ncsd.ndc.gov.tw/_ofu/VDR/3ae425d0-b510-486f-8cac-0de9adf77071/VDR.pdf?2e86a792-fc20-4249-a4c2-ed8f026584c5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; 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margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;行政院院會通過「鐵路法」部分條文修正草案, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ey.gov.tw/Page/9277F759E41CCD91/48096f7e-7f13-4579-8bca-8d0fd6c41d1a&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.ey.gov.tw/Page/9277F759E41CCD91/48096f7e-7f13-4579-8bca-8d0fd6c41d1a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;都更、TOD 及EOD 暨容積移轉要點 - 社團法人臺北市都市更新整合發展協會, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urcda.org.tw/upload/download/20230313113721CxnY.pdf&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;http://www.urcda.org.tw/upload/download/20230313113721CxnY.pdf&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;促進TOD發展，帶動市區發展促進居住環境品質都市計畫法高雄市施行細則完成修訂!, 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://urban-web.kcg.gov.tw/KDA/web_page/KDAN030201.jsp?PK01=KDA070000001202212005&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://urban-web.kcg.gov.tw/KDA/web_page/KDAN030201.jsp?PK01=KDA070000001202212005&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -6pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;明確鐵道局監理權責行政院通過鐵路法修正草案(2021-09-17), 檢索日期：7月 7, 2025， &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lawbank.com.tw/news/NewsContent.aspx?NID=179864&quot; style=&quot;text-decoration-line: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;https://www.lawbank.com.tw/news/NewsContent.aspx?NID=179864&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/feeds/7785179354282933812/comments/default' title='張貼留言'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/07/todpas-2080.html#comment-form' title='0 個意見'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/7785179354282933812'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/7785179354282933812'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/07/todpas-2080.html' title='邁向淨零鐵道：整合歐洲TOD與PAS 2080之全生命週期碳管理策略框架'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-2556882746723003115</id><published>2025-06-29T23:41:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2025-06-29T23:41:03.487-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="土木技師&#xa;測量學"/><title type='text'>114年度專門職業及技術人員高等考試 土木工程技師考試模擬試題</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;docs-internal-guid-b81f98ff-7fff-8dd9-65db-882e01451069&quot;&gt;&lt;h3 dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;114年度專門職業及技術人員高等考試 土木工程技師考試模擬試題&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;考試科目：測量學&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;考試時間： 2 小時 (建議作答時間)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;總分： 100 分&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;第一題 (25分)：導線測量計算&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;如下圖所示為一閉合導線 ABCD，各觀測邊長與內角如下表。已知 A 點坐標為 (N, E) = (200.000 m, 500.000 m)，且 AB 邊之方位角為 45° 00&#39; 00&quot;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;left&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;table style=&quot;border-collapse: collapse; border: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;colgroup&gt;&lt;col width=&quot;156&quot;&gt;&lt;/col&gt;&lt;col width=&quot;156&quot;&gt;&lt;/col&gt;&lt;col width=&quot;156&quot;&gt;&lt;/col&gt;&lt;col width=&quot;156&quot;&gt;&lt;/col&gt;&lt;/colgroup&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;邊&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;長度 (m)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;測站&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;觀測內角&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;AB&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;120.500&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;105° 10&#39; 15&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;BC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;
  

&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;98.800&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;B&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;92° 30&#39; 30&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;CD&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;115.200&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;C&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;78° 15&#39; 05&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;DA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;102.600&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;D&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;84° 04&#39; 40&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(5分)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 計算此導線之角度閉合差，並將閉合差平均分配至各內角，計算平差後之各內角值。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(5分)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 計算各邊經角度平差後之方位角。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(5分)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 計算各邊之緯距 (ΔN) 與經距 (ΔE)，並求出縱、橫坐標閉合差 (WN​,WE​)。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(5分)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 依羅盤儀法則 (Compass Rule) 計算各邊之緯距與經距改正數。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(5分)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 計算 C 點與 D 點之最終坐標。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;Google Sans Text, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEivZocSj1IMQODXiWMFH3E6dNg0-Zn2ccrJeHcGL-Y_zbzIqwqfWlC8b-QS_Pcm4rLHR8wJqPWSZ8k0wMD_QWjfNh74aZOkMtbjBBsY3QwglWaY4DTX5mjxi6OH8sIxD80MZRM3nE5oD_eQWaXHxXcSabd4oITinvzURKzezJtLEa0eEtkpx7wEWIVOGv0&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; data-original-height=&quot;360&quot; data-original-width=&quot;415&quot; height=&quot;342&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEivZocSj1IMQODXiWMFH3E6dNg0-Zn2ccrJeHcGL-Y_zbzIqwqfWlC8b-QS_Pcm4rLHR8wJqPWSZ8k0wMD_QWjfNh74aZOkMtbjBBsY3QwglWaY4DTX5mjxi6OH8sIxD80MZRM3nE5oD_eQWaXHxXcSabd4oITinvzURKzezJtLEa0eEtkpx7wEWIVOGv0=w395-h342&quot; width=&quot;395&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;【解答步驟】&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;角度閉合差與平差&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;內角和理論值 = (n−2)×180∘=(4−2)×180∘=360∘00′00&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;觀測內角和 = 105∘10′15&quot;+92∘30′30&quot;+78∘15′05&quot;+84∘04′40&quot;=360∘00′30&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;角度閉合差 = 觀測和 - 理論和 = +30&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;每角改正數 = -閉合差 / n = −30&quot;/4=−7.5&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;平差後角度：A&#39; = 105∘10′07.5&quot;, B&#39; = 92∘30′22.5&quot;, C&#39; = 78∘14′57.5&quot;, D&#39; = 84∘04′32.5&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;方位角計算&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;AzAB​=45∘00′00&quot; (已知)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;公式: Az下測線​=Az上測線​+180∘−平差後內角&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;AzBC​=45∘+180∘−92∘30′22.5&quot;=132∘29′37.5&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;AzCD​=132∘29′37.5&quot;+180∘−78∘14′57.5&quot;=234∘14′40&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;AzDA​=234∘14′40&quot;+180∘−84∘04′32.5&quot;=330∘10′07.5&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;緯距、經距與閉合差計算&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;公式: 緯距 ΔN=L×cos(Az), 經距 ΔE=L×sin(Az)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;AB: ΔNAB​=120.500×cos(45∘)=+85.205, ΔEAB​=120.500×sin(45∘)=+85.205&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;BC: ΔNBC​=98.800×cos(132.49∘)=−66.903, ΔEBC​=98.800×sin(132.49∘)=+72.771&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;CD: ΔNCD​=115.200×cos(234.24∘)=−68.044, ΔECD​=115.200×sin(234.24∘)=−93.303&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;DA: ΔNDA​=102.600×cos(330.17∘)=+89.702, ΔEDA​=102.600×sin(330.17∘)=−51.011&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;WN​=∑ΔN=−0.040 m, WE​=∑ΔE=+13.662 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ol start=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;羅盤儀法則改正數&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;導線總長 ∑L=437.100 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;公式: CN​=−WN​×∑LLi​​；CE​=−WE​×∑LLi​​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;AB: CN,AB​=−(−0.040)×437.1120.5​=+0.011 m, CE,AB​=−(+13.662)×437.1120.5​=−3.766 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(依此類推計算各邊改正數)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ol start=&quot;5&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;坐標計算&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;NB​=NA​+(ΔNAB​+CN,AB​)=200.000+85.205+0.011=285.216 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;EB​=EA​+(ΔEAB​+CE,AB​)=500.000+85.205−3.766=581.439 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;C點坐標：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;NC​=NB​+(ΔNBC​+CN,BC​)=285.216−66.903+0.009=218.322 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;EC​=EB​+(ΔEBC​+CE,BC​)=581.439+72.771−3.088=651.122 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(依此類推計算D點坐標)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;第二題 (25分)：水準測量與平差&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(5分)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 進行直接水準測量時，為消除或減弱 (a) 地球曲度差與大氣折光差 (b) 儀器視準軸誤差，應採用何種觀測方法？請分別說明。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(5分)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 某水準測量自高程為 50.000m 的水準點 BM1 開始，儀器架設後，後視 BM1 的標尺讀數為 1.500m，前視轉點 TP1 的讀數為 2.000m，則轉點 TP1 的高程應為多少？&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(15分)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 某水準網，A為已知高程點 HA​=100.000&amp;nbsp;m，今觀測了三條水準路線之高程差，其觀測值及路線長度如下。試以最小二乘法平差，計算 P 點之最或是高程。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div align=&quot;left&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;table style=&quot;border-collapse: collapse; border: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;colgroup&gt;&lt;col width=&quot;156&quot;&gt;&lt;/col&gt;&lt;col width=&quot;156&quot;&gt;&lt;/col&gt;&lt;col width=&quot;156&quot;&gt;&lt;/col&gt;&lt;col width=&quot;156&quot;&gt;&lt;/col&gt;&lt;/colgroup&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;路線&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;方向&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;觀測高程差(m)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;長度(km)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;A → P&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;+1.525&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;1.0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;A → P&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;+1.518&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;1.5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;A → P&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;+1.530&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8fafd; border-bottom: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-left: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-right: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-style: solid; border-top: solid #000000 0.75pt; border-width: 0.75pt; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: hidden; padding: 6pt 9pt; vertical-align: top;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;background-color: transparent; color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;0.8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 24pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;(
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 24pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 24pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;【解答步驟】&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(a) 為消除地球曲度與折光差，應使&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;前、後視距離相等&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。 (b) 為消除視準軸誤差，亦應使&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;前、後視距離相等&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;，因誤差量與距離成正比，等距離時可互相抵消。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;公式: HI=HBM1​+BS，HTP1​=HI−FS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;HI=50.000+1.500=51.500 m。HTP1​=51.500−2.000=49.500 m。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;平差計算&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;設 P 點高程為 X。觀測方程式為 Li​+vi​=X−HA​。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;權 (Weight) P∝1/L。P1​=1/1=1, P2​=1/1.5=0.667, P3​=1/0.8=1.25&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;最小二乘準則 ∑Pi​vi2​→min，對 X 微分令其為零：∑Pi​vi​=0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;公式: X=∑Pi​∑Pi​(HA​+Li​)​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;∑Pi​=1+0.667+1.25=2.917&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;∑Pi​(HA​+Li​)=1(101.525)+0.667(101.518)+1.25(101.530)=296.155&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;X=2.917296.155​=101.527 m。P點最或是高程為 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;101.527 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;第三題 (25分)：道路曲線測設&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(5分)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 請以簡圖輔助，說明圓曲線之五大元素為何？&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(10分)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 某單心圓曲線，交角 I = 42° 00&#39; 00&quot;，半徑 R = 300 m，主鏈樁 IP 里程為 1k+500.000。請計算切線長 (T)、曲線長 (L)，以及曲線起點 (PC) 與終點 (PT) 之里程。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(10分)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 為提升行車安全，擬於上述曲線加入對稱之克羅梭緩和曲線，長度 Ls = 80 m。請計算緩和曲線之總位移量 (Shift) ΔR 與切線偏角 θs​。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;【解答步驟】&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;五大元素圖說&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ol start=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;計算&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;公式: T=Rtan(I/2)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;T=300×tan(21∘)=115.155 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;公式: L=R×I(rad)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;L=300×42∘×(π/180∘)=219.911 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;PC 里程 = IP 里程 - T = (1k+500.000)−115.155=1k+384.845&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;PT 里程 = PC 里程 + L = (1k+384.845)+219.911=1k+604.756&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ol start=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;計算&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;公式: θs​=2RLs​​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;θs​=2×30080​=0.13333 rad ≈7∘38′22&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;2&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: circle; margin-left: 8.25pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;公式: ΔR≈24RLs2​​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;ΔR=24×300802​=0.889 m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;第四題 (25分)：現代測量技術與概念&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(5分)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 何謂航拍之「航向重疊」(End Lap) 與「旁向重疊」(Side Lap)？其目的為何？&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(5分)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 使用 GPS/GNSS 進行三維空間定位，理論上至少需要同步接收幾顆衛星的訊號？為什麼？&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(5分)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 何謂「網路實時動態定位 (Network RTK)」？其基本原理為何？&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(5分)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 說明光達 (LiDAR) 技術獲取三維點雲資料之基本原理。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;(5分)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt; 何謂地理資訊系統 (GIS)？其主要由哪些子系統構成？&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;&quot;&gt;【解答步驟】&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-inline-start: 48px;&quot;&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;航向重疊&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：同一飛行路線上，相鄰像片之重疊，通常約60%。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;旁向重疊&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：相鄰航線間像片之重疊，通常約30%。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;目的&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;：產生立體視覺以判讀地形，並確保測區全被覆蓋，避免遺漏。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;至少 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;4 顆&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;。為求解接收點的 (X, Y, Z) 三個坐標未知數，以及接收儀與衛星之間的鐘差（第四個未知數），理論上需要四個獨立的距離觀測方程式，即需四顆衛星。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;NRTK&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;是利用多個連續觀測參考站(CORS)網路，對區域內的GNSS誤差進行模擬，並透過行動網路將改正數傳送給使用者，使其能即時獲得公分級精確坐標。其&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;原理&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;是廣域差分定位。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;LiDAR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;系統主動發射雷射光脈衝，經由計時器測量光脈衝從發射、碰到物體表面、再反射回接收器的時間差，並結合掃描儀的角度與GPS/IMU提供的位置姿態，來計算出每個點的三維坐標。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li aria-level=&quot;1&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: decimal; margin-left: -12pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&lt;p dir=&quot;ltr&quot; role=&quot;presentation&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 6pt; margin-top: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;GIS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;&amp;quot;Google Sans Text&amp;quot;, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #1b1c1d; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap-mode: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;&quot;&gt;是一套用以輸入、儲存、查詢、分析與展示地理空間資料的電腦系統。主要子系統包含：資料輸入、資料管理、資料處理與分析、資料輸出與展示。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/feeds/2556882746723003115/comments/default' title='張貼留言'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/06/114.html#comment-form' title='0 個意見'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/2556882746723003115'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/2556882746723003115'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/06/114.html' title='114年度專門職業及技術人員高等考試 土木工程技師考試模擬試題'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEivZocSj1IMQODXiWMFH3E6dNg0-Zn2ccrJeHcGL-Y_zbzIqwqfWlC8b-QS_Pcm4rLHR8wJqPWSZ8k0wMD_QWjfNh74aZOkMtbjBBsY3QwglWaY4DTX5mjxi6OH8sIxD80MZRM3nE5oD_eQWaXHxXcSabd4oITinvzURKzezJtLEa0eEtkpx7wEWIVOGv0=s72-w395-h342-c" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>台灣新北市板橋區新北</georss:featurename><georss:point>25.0622095 121.4570447</georss:point><georss:box>-5.5362252589683756 86.300794700000012 55.660644258968375 156.61329469999998</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-1847501287974386191</id><published>2025-06-26T17:30:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2025-07-20T20:43:25.947-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="淨零碳排"/><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>


    
    
    
    
    
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    &lt;div&gt;
        &lt;header&gt;
            &lt;h1&gt;溫室氣體排放互動計算機&lt;/h1&gt;
            &lt;p&gt;即時探索不同活動數據對總排放量的影響&lt;/p&gt;
        &lt;/header&gt;

        &lt;main&gt;
            
            &lt;section&gt;
                &lt;div&gt;
                    &lt;h2&gt;排放源活動數據&lt;/h2&gt;
                    
                    &lt;div&gt;
                        &lt;div&gt;
                            
                            &lt;div&gt;
                                &lt;span&gt;🔥&lt;/span&gt;
                                
                            &lt;/div&gt;
                            &lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;20,000&lt;/span&gt; m³&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;

                        &lt;div&gt;
                            
                             &lt;div&gt;
                                &lt;span&gt;🚚&lt;/span&gt;
                                
                            &lt;/div&gt;
                            &lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;5,000&lt;/span&gt; L&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;

                        &lt;div&gt;
                            
                            &lt;div&gt;
                                &lt;span&gt;⚡️&lt;/span&gt;
                                
                            &lt;/div&gt;
                            &lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;300,000&lt;/span&gt; kWh&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                 &lt;div&gt;
                    &lt;h3&gt;計算係數參考&lt;/h3&gt;
                    &lt;p&gt;本計算器使用以下假設係數 (GWP值參考 IPCC AR5)，實際盤查應以主管機關公告或實測值為準。&lt;/p&gt;
                    &lt;ul&gt;
                        &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;天然氣:&lt;/strong&gt; CO₂: 1.88, CH₄: 0.0001, N₂O: 0.00001 (kg/m³)&lt;/li&gt;
                        &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;柴油:&lt;/strong&gt; CO₂: 2.65, CH₄: 0.00015, N₂O: 0.00005 (kg/L)&lt;/li&gt;
                        &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;外購電力:&lt;/strong&gt; 0.495 kgCO₂e/kWh&lt;/li&gt;
                        &lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;GWP (100年):&lt;/strong&gt; CH₄: 28, N₂O: 265&lt;/li&gt;
                    &lt;/ul&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;/section&gt;

            &lt;section&gt;
                
                &lt;div&gt;
                    &lt;div&gt;
                        &lt;h3&gt;總排放量&lt;/h3&gt;
                        &lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;p&gt;公噸 CO₂e&lt;/p&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;div&gt;
                        &lt;h3&gt;範疇一總計&lt;/h3&gt;
                        &lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;p&gt;公噸 CO₂e&lt;/p&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;div&gt;
                        &lt;h3&gt;範疇二總計&lt;/h3&gt;
                        &lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;p&gt;公噸 CO₂e&lt;/p&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;

                &lt;div&gt;
                    &lt;div&gt;
                        &lt;h3&gt;排放範疇佔比&lt;/h3&gt;
                        &lt;div&gt;
                            &lt;canvas&gt;&lt;/canvas&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;div&gt;
                        &lt;h3&gt;範疇一來源分析&lt;/h3&gt;
                        &lt;div&gt;
                            &lt;canvas&gt;&lt;/canvas&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;

                &lt;div&gt;
                    &lt;h3&gt;即時計算詳解&lt;/h3&gt;
                    &lt;div&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;/section&gt;
        &lt;/main&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;

    


</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/feeds/1847501287974386191/comments/default' title='張貼留言'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/06/body-font-family-noto-sans-tc-sans.html#comment-form' title='0 個意見'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/1847501287974386191'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/1847501287974386191'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/06/body-font-family-noto-sans-tc-sans.html' title=''/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-4619947158559332954</id><published>2025-06-22T18:47:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2025-06-22T19:08:20.564-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="淨零碳排"/><title type='text'>全球氣候行動里程碑：歷年COP會議成果</title><content type='html'>&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;
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        &lt;header class=&quot;text-center mb-12&quot;&gt;
            &lt;h1 class=&quot;text-4xl md:text-5xl font-bold text-[#0077B6] mb-2&quot;&gt;全球氣候行動的里程碑&lt;/h1&gt;
            &lt;p class=&quot;text-lg text-gray-600&quot;&gt;從京都到杜拜，一覽歷年聯合國氣候大會(COP)的關鍵成果&lt;/p&gt;
        &lt;/header&gt;

        &lt;main&gt;
            &lt;section id=&quot;era-foundation&quot; class=&quot;mb-16&quot;&gt;
                &lt;div class=&quot;text-center mb-8&quot;&gt;
                    &lt;h2 class=&quot;text-3xl font-bold text-[#0077B6]&quot;&gt;奠基與探索時期 (1990s - 2000s)&lt;/h2&gt;
                    &lt;p class=&quot;text-md text-gray-500 mt-1&quot;&gt;確立原則，為已開發國家設定具法律約束力的減排目標。&lt;/p&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                
                &lt;div class=&quot;bg-white rounded-lg shadow-lg p-6 md:p-8&quot;&gt;
                    &lt;h3 class=&quot;text-2xl font-bold text-center text-[#0096C7] mb-6&quot;&gt;《京都議定書》：歷史性的第一步&lt;/h3&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-8 items-center&quot;&gt;
                        &lt;div class=&quot;text-center&quot;&gt;
                            &lt;div class=&quot;text-7xl font-extrabold text-[#0077B6]&quot;&gt;COP3&lt;/div&gt;
                            &lt;div class=&quot;text-xl font-bold text-gray-700 mt-2&quot;&gt;1997年，日本京都&lt;/div&gt;
                            &lt;p class=&quot;mt-4 text-gray-600&quot;&gt;全球第一份具法律約束力的溫室氣體減排協議，要求附件一國家（已開發國家）在2008-2012年間，平均排放量需比1990年減少 &lt;span class=&quot;font-bold text-[#0077B6] text-lg&quot;&gt;5.2%&lt;/span&gt;。&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;
                        &lt;div&gt;
                            &lt;h4 class=&quot;font-bold text-lg mb-3 text-[#00B4D8]&quot;&gt;創新的三大彈性機制&lt;/h4&gt;
                            &lt;ul class=&quot;space-y-3&quot;&gt;
                                &lt;li class=&quot;flex items-start&quot;&gt;
                                    &lt;span class=&quot;text-2xl mr-3 text-[#00B4D8]&quot;&gt;📈&lt;/span&gt;
                                    &lt;div&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;font-bold&quot;&gt;排放交易 (ET):&lt;/span&gt; 允許國家之間買賣超額的排放單位。&lt;/div&gt;
                                &lt;/li&gt;
                                &lt;li class=&quot;flex items-start&quot;&gt;
                                    &lt;span class=&quot;text-2xl mr-3 text-[#00B4D8]&quot;&gt;🤝&lt;/span&gt;
                                    &lt;div&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;font-bold&quot;&gt;共同履行 (JI):&lt;/span&gt; 允許已開發國家之間合作執行減排計畫。&lt;/div&gt;
                                &lt;/li&gt;
                                &lt;li class=&quot;flex items-start&quot;&gt;
                                    &lt;span class=&quot;text-2xl mr-3 text-[#00B4D8]&quot;&gt;💡&lt;/span&gt;
                                    &lt;div&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;font-bold&quot;&gt;清潔發展機制 (CDM):&lt;/span&gt; 鼓勵已開發國家在開發中國家進行減排投資。&lt;/div&gt;
                                &lt;/li&gt;
                            &lt;/ul&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;/section&gt;

            &lt;section id=&quot;era-transition&quot; class=&quot;mb-16&quot;&gt;
                &lt;div class=&quot;text-center mb-8&quot;&gt;
                    &lt;h2 class=&quot;text-3xl font-bold text-[#0077B6]&quot;&gt;轉型與建構時期 (2010s)&lt;/h2&gt;
                    &lt;p class=&quot;text-md text-gray-500 mt-1&quot;&gt;從上而下到下而上，建構納入所有國家的全球氣候治理新模式。&lt;/p&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;

                &lt;div class=&quot;bg-white rounded-lg shadow-lg p-6 md:p-8&quot;&gt;
                     &lt;h3 class=&quot;text-2xl font-bold text-center text-[#0096C7] mb-6&quot;&gt;《巴黎協定》：全球共識的形成&lt;/h3&gt;
                     &lt;div class=&quot;grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-8 items-center&quot;&gt;
                        &lt;div class=&quot;flex flex-col justify-center items-center&quot;&gt;
                             &lt;div class=&quot;chart-container&quot; style=&quot;height:280px; max-width:280px;&quot;&gt;
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                            &lt;p class=&quot;text-center mt-4 text-gray-600&quot;&gt;所有締約方共同提出「國家自定貢獻」(NDC)，標誌著全球氣候治理新時代的來臨。&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;
                         &lt;div&gt;
                            &lt;h4 class=&quot;font-bold text-lg mb-4 text-[#00B4D8]&quot;&gt;邁向巴黎的關鍵節點&lt;/h4&gt;
                            &lt;ul class=&quot;space-y-4&quot;&gt;
                                &lt;li class=&quot;flex items-start&quot;&gt;
                                    &lt;div class=&quot;flex-shrink-0 bg-[#90E0EF] text-[#0077B6] rounded-full h-10 w-10 flex items-center justify-center font-bold mr-4&quot;&gt;15&lt;/div&gt;
                                    &lt;div&gt;
                                      &lt;h5 class=&quot;font-bold text-gray-800&quot;&gt;COP15 (2009)&lt;/h5&gt;
                                      &lt;p class=&quot;text-sm text-gray-600&quot;&gt;《哥本哈根協議》首次提出全球升溫控制在2°C內的目標。&lt;/p&gt;
                                    &lt;/div&gt;
                                &lt;/li&gt;
                                &lt;li class=&quot;flex items-start&quot;&gt;
                                    &lt;div class=&quot;flex-shrink-0 bg-[#90E0EF] text-[#0077B6] rounded-full h-10 w-10 flex items-center justify-center font-bold mr-4&quot;&gt;17&lt;/div&gt;
                                    &lt;div&gt;
                                      &lt;h5 class=&quot;font-bold text-gray-800&quot;&gt;COP17 (2011)&lt;/h5&gt;
                                      &lt;p class=&quot;text-sm text-gray-600&quot;&gt;同意設立「綠色氣候基金」(GCF)，支持開發中國家。&lt;/p&gt;
                                    &lt;/div&gt;
                                &lt;/li&gt;
                                &lt;li class=&quot;flex items-start&quot;&gt;
                                    &lt;div class=&quot;flex-shrink-0 bg-[#00B4D8] text-white rounded-full h-10 w-10 flex items-center justify-center font-bold mr-4&quot;&gt;21&lt;/div&gt;
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                                      &lt;h5 class=&quot;font-bold text-gray-800&quot;&gt;COP21 (2015)&lt;/h5&gt;
                                      &lt;p class=&quot;text-sm text-gray-600&quot;&gt;《巴黎協定》通過，確立由下而上的全球氣候治理框架。&lt;/p&gt;
                                    &lt;/div&gt;
                                &lt;/li&gt;
                            &lt;/ul&gt;
                         &lt;/div&gt;
                     &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
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            &lt;section id=&quot;era-action&quot; class=&quot;mb-16&quot;&gt;
                &lt;div class=&quot;text-center mb-8&quot;&gt;
                    &lt;h2 class=&quot;text-3xl font-bold text-[#0077B6]&quot;&gt;行動與落實時期 (2020s至今)&lt;/h2&gt;
                    &lt;p class=&quot;text-md text-gray-500 mt-1&quot;&gt;加速具體行動，應對日益緊迫的氣候危機。&lt;/p&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;div class=&quot;grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-8&quot;&gt;
                    
                    &lt;div class=&quot;bg-white rounded-lg shadow-lg p-6&quot;&gt;
                        &lt;h3 class=&quot;text-xl font-bold text-center text-[#0096C7] mb-4&quot;&gt;COP26 (2021)&lt;/h3&gt;
                        &lt;ul class=&quot;space-y-2 text-gray-700&quot;&gt;
                           &lt;li class=&quot;p-2 text-sm bg-blue-50 rounded-md&quot;&gt;✅ 完成《巴黎協定規則手冊》。&lt;/li&gt;
                           &lt;li class=&quot;p-2 text-sm bg-blue-50 rounded-md&quot;&gt;📉 首次呼籲「逐步減少」燃煤發電。&lt;/li&gt;
                           &lt;li class=&quot;p-2 text-sm bg-blue-50 rounded-md&quot;&gt;💨 全球甲烷承諾：2030年減排30%。&lt;/li&gt;
                        &lt;/ul&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;

                    &lt;div class=&quot;bg-white rounded-lg shadow-lg p-6&quot;&gt;
                        &lt;h3 class=&quot;text-xl font-bold text-center text-[#0096C7] mb-4&quot;&gt;COP27 (2022)&lt;/h3&gt;
                         &lt;div class=&quot;text-center&quot;&gt;
                            &lt;div class=&quot;text-5xl mb-2&quot;&gt;💰&lt;/div&gt;
                            &lt;h4 class=&quot;text-md font-bold text-[#0077B6]&quot;&gt;設立「損失與損害」基金&lt;/h4&gt;
                            &lt;p class=&quot;mt-1 text-sm text-gray-600&quot;&gt;為氣候脆弱國家提供財政支持。&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                    
                    &lt;div class=&quot;bg-white rounded-lg shadow-lg p-6&quot;&gt;
                        &lt;h3 class=&quot;text-xl font-bold text-center text-[#0096C7] mb-4&quot;&gt;COP28 (2023)&lt;/h3&gt;
                         &lt;ul class=&quot;space-y-2 text-gray-700&quot;&gt;
                           &lt;li class=&quot;p-2 text-sm bg-blue-50 rounded-md&quot;&gt;🌍 完成首次「全球盤點」。&lt;/li&gt;
                           &lt;li class=&quot;p-2 text-sm bg-blue-50 rounded-md&quot;&gt;⛽ 歷史性共識：呼籲「轉型脫離」化石燃料。&lt;/li&gt;
                           &lt;li class=&quot;p-2 text-sm bg-blue-50 rounded-md&quot;&gt;⚡ 2030目標：再生能源增為三倍。&lt;/li&gt;
                        &lt;/ul&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;

                     &lt;div class=&quot;bg-white rounded-lg shadow-lg p-6&quot;&gt;
                        &lt;h3 class=&quot;text-xl font-bold text-center text-[#0096C7] mb-4&quot;&gt;COP29 (2024)&lt;/h3&gt;
                         &lt;div class=&quot;text-center&quot;&gt;
                            &lt;div class=&quot;text-5xl mb-2&quot;&gt;💸&lt;/div&gt;
                            &lt;h4 class=&quot;text-md font-bold text-[#0077B6]&quot;&gt;聚焦「氣候融資」新目標&lt;/h4&gt;
                            &lt;p class=&quot;mt-1 text-sm text-gray-600&quot;&gt;確立新的氣候資金目標，強調私人資本與多邊開發銀行的角色。&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;

                &lt;div class=&quot;grid grid-cols-1 gap-8 mt-8&quot;&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;bg-white rounded-lg shadow-lg p-6&quot;&gt;
                         &lt;h3 class=&quot;text-2xl font-bold text-center text-[#0096C7] mb-4&quot;&gt;氣候融資目標演進&lt;/h3&gt;
                         &lt;p class=&quot;text-center text-gray-600 mb-4 max-w-2xl mx-auto&quot;&gt;從哥本哈根到COP29，已開發國家對開發中國家的氣候資金承諾不斷演進，新目標更強調資金來源的多元化。&lt;/p&gt;
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                         &lt;h3 class=&quot;text-2xl font-bold text-center text-[#0096C7] mb-4&quot;&gt;再生能源目標路徑&lt;/h3&gt;
                         &lt;p class=&quot;text-center text-gray-600 mb-4 max-w-2xl mx-auto&quot;&gt;COP28呼籲各國加速能源轉型，力求在2030年將全球再生能源裝置容量提升至現有的三倍，以符合1.5°C溫控路徑。&lt;/p&gt;
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            &lt;section id=&quot;gemini-analysis&quot; class=&quot;mb-16&quot;&gt;
                 &lt;div class=&quot;text-center mb-8&quot;&gt;
                    &lt;h2 class=&quot;text-3xl font-bold text-[#0077B6]&quot;&gt;AI 摘要與分析&lt;/h2&gt;
                    &lt;p class=&quot;text-md text-gray-500 mt-1&quot;&gt;透過 Gemini 模型，洞察全球氣候行動的未來趨勢。&lt;/p&gt;
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        &lt;footer class=&quot;text-center mt-12 pt-8 border-t border-gray-300&quot;&gt;
            &lt;p class=&quot;text-gray-600&quot;&gt;從確立原則到加速行動，全球氣候治理的道路仍在繼續。&lt;/p&gt;
            &lt;p class=&quot;text-sm text-gray-400 mt-2&quot;&gt;資訊圖表基於聯合國氣候變遷綱要公約締約方會議公開成果製作。&lt;/p&gt;
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        歷史成果摘要：
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        - COP21 (2015): 《巴黎協定》，確立全球1.5°C~2°C溫控目標，並改為由下而上的「國家自定貢獻」(NDC)機制。
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/feeds/4619947158559332954/comments/default' title='張貼留言'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/06/cop.html#comment-form' title='0 個意見'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/4619947158559332954'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/4619947158559332954'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/06/cop.html' title='全球氣候行動里程碑：歷年COP會議成果'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-7603794660176149168</id><published>2025-06-22T18:29:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2025-06-22T18:29:52.140-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="土木技師&#xa;測量學"/><title type='text'>土木技師測量學考情分析資訊圖表</title><content type='html'>&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;
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        &lt;header class=&quot;text-center mb-12 py-8 rounded-xl bg-white/10 backdrop-blur-sm&quot;&gt;
            &lt;h1 class=&quot;text-4xl md:text-6xl font-black text-white&quot;&gt;土木技師測量學&lt;/h1&gt;
            &lt;h2 class=&quot;text-2xl md:text-4xl font-bold text-gradient mt-2&quot;&gt;考情趨勢與應考全攻略 (2025)&lt;/h2&gt;
            &lt;p class=&quot;text-white/80 mt-4 max-w-3xl mx-auto&quot;&gt;本報告整合近五年考題趨勢、最新法規與重大工程案例，為您提供最精準的備考方向。&lt;/p&gt;
        &lt;/header&gt;

        &lt;main class=&quot;space-y-12&quot;&gt;

            &lt;section id=&quot;overview&quot; class=&quot;bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-2xl p-6 md:p-8 transform hover:scale-105 transition-transform duration-300&quot;&gt;
                &lt;div class=&quot;text-center&quot;&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;section-icon mb-4&quot;&gt;📊&lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;h3 class=&quot;text-3xl font-bold text-[#005F73]&quot;&gt;核心趨勢：新舊技術融合&lt;/h3&gt;
                    &lt;p class=&quot;mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600 max-w-4xl mx-auto&quot;&gt;近年考題顯示，測量學正走向傳統基礎與現代科技並重的「新舊融合」時代。掌握誤差理論等基礎核心，並擁抱GNSS、LiDAR等新技術，是高分上榜的關鍵。&lt;/p&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;div class=&quot;grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-3 gap-8 mt-8 text-center&quot;&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;bg-blue-50 p-6 rounded-lg border-l-4 border-[#0A9396]&quot;&gt;
                        &lt;h4 class=&quot;text-xl font-bold text-[#005F73]&quot;&gt;傳統基礎&lt;/h4&gt;
                        &lt;p class=&quot;text-5xl font-extrabold text-[#0A9396] my-2&quot;&gt;50%&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;p class=&quot;text-gray-600&quot;&gt;水準、導線、誤差理論等仍是考試基石，佔據半壁江山。&lt;/p&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;bg-amber-50 p-6 rounded-lg border-l-4 border-[#EE9B00]&quot;&gt;
                        &lt;h4 class=&quot;text-xl font-bold text-[#CA6702]&quot;&gt;現代技術&lt;/h4&gt;
                        &lt;p class=&quot;text-5xl font-extrabold text-[#EE9B00] my-2&quot;&gt;35%&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;p class=&quot;text-gray-600&quot;&gt;GNSS、全測站儀、遙測技術比重顯著增加，為必考重點。&lt;/p&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;bg-teal-50 p-6 rounded-lg border-l-4 border-[#94D2BD]&quot;&gt;
                        &lt;h4 class=&quot;text-xl font-bold text-[#005F73]&quot;&gt;法規與應用&lt;/h4&gt;
                        &lt;p class=&quot;text-5xl font-extrabold text-[#94D2BD] my-2&quot;&gt;15%&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;p class=&quot;text-gray-600&quot;&gt;結合重大工程與法規修訂的實務題型成為新趨勢。&lt;/p&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;/section&gt;

            &lt;div class=&quot;grid grid-cols-1 lg:grid-cols-2 gap-8&quot;&gt;
                
                &lt;section id=&quot;topic-distribution&quot; class=&quot;bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-xl p-6 md:p-8&quot;&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;text-center&quot;&gt;
                       &lt;div class=&quot;section-icon mb-2&quot;&gt;🎯&lt;/div&gt;
                       &lt;h3 class=&quot;text-2xl font-bold text-[#005F73]&quot;&gt;近五年考題主題權重分佈&lt;/h3&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;p class=&quot;text-center text-gray-600 mt-2 mb-4&quot;&gt;數據顯示，誤差理論、水準測量與導線測量為三大核心出題方向，而新興技術的佔比正逐年攀升。&lt;/p&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;chart-container h-80 md:h-96&quot;&gt;
                        &lt;canvas id=&quot;topicDistributionChart&quot;&gt;&lt;/canvas&gt;
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                &lt;section id=&quot;tech-trend&quot; class=&quot;bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-xl p-6 md:p-8&quot;&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;text-center&quot;&gt;
                        &lt;div class=&quot;section-icon mb-2&quot;&gt;📈&lt;/div&gt;
                        &lt;h3 class=&quot;text-2xl font-bold text-[#005F73]&quot;&gt;現代測量技術命題趨勢&lt;/h3&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                     &lt;p class=&quot;text-center text-gray-600 mt-2 mb-4&quot;&gt;GNSS的命題率持續處於高檔，而光達(LiDAR)與無人機(UAV)等遙測技術，是值得關注的明日之星。&lt;/p&gt;
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            &lt;section id=&quot;regulations&quot; class=&quot;bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-xl p-6 md:p-8&quot;&gt;
                &lt;div class=&quot;text-center&quot;&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;section-icon mb-4&quot;&gt;📜&lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;h3 class=&quot;text-3xl font-bold text-[#005F73]&quot;&gt;關鍵法規與政策脈動&lt;/h3&gt;
                    &lt;p class=&quot;mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600 max-w-4xl mx-auto&quot;&gt;測量工作與法規息息相關。近年《地籍測量實施規則》的修訂與國土測繪政策的推動，深刻影響實務作業，亦是潛在的考點。&lt;/p&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;div class=&quot;mt-8 relative&quot;&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;border-l-4 border-[#0A9396] absolute h-full top-0 left-1/2 -ml-0.5&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;space-y-12&quot;&gt;
                        &lt;div class=&quot;relative&quot;&gt;
                            &lt;div class=&quot;md:flex items-center&quot;&gt;
                                &lt;div class=&quot;md:w-1/2 md:pr-8 text-right&quot;&gt;
                                    &lt;p class=&quot;text-xl font-bold text-[#005F73]&quot;&gt;112年5月&lt;/p&gt;
                                    &lt;h4 class=&quot;text-lg font-semibold mt-1&quot;&gt;地籍測量實施規則修訂&lt;/h4&gt;
                                    &lt;p class=&quot;text-gray-600 mt-2&quot;&gt;正式推動三維地籍建物測繪，簡化首次測量流程，並導入電子化申請，引領測量作業朝數位化、3D化發展。&lt;/p&gt;
                                &lt;/div&gt;
                                &lt;div class=&quot;md:w-1/2 md:pl-8&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
                            &lt;/div&gt;
                            &lt;div class=&quot;w-8 h-8 rounded-full bg-[#EE9B00] border-4 border-white absolute top-1/2 -mt-4 left-1/2 -ml-4 flex items-center justify-center text-white font-bold&quot;&gt;1&lt;/div&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;
                         &lt;div class=&quot;relative&quot;&gt;
                            &lt;div class=&quot;md:flex items-center&quot;&gt;
                                &lt;div class=&quot;md:w-1/2 md:pr-8&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
                                &lt;div class=&quot;md:w-1/2 md:pl-8 text-left&quot;&gt;
                                    &lt;p class=&quot;text-xl font-bold text-[#005F73]&quot;&gt;持續推動&lt;/p&gt;
                                    &lt;h4 class=&quot;text-lg font-semibold mt-1&quot;&gt;國土測繪政策&lt;/h4&gt;
                                    &lt;p class=&quot;text-gray-600 mt-2&quot;&gt;國土測繪中心致力於維護測繪基準、鏈結跨域圖資、發展智能更新，推動測繪成果的共享與應用。&lt;/p&gt;
                                &lt;/div&gt;
                            &lt;/div&gt;
                            &lt;div class=&quot;w-8 h-8 rounded-full bg-[#EE9B00] border-4 border-white absolute top-1/2 -mt-4 left-1/2 -ml-4 flex items-center justify-center text-white font-bold&quot;&gt;2&lt;/div&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;
                        &lt;div class=&quot;relative&quot;&gt;
                            &lt;div class=&quot;md:flex items-center&quot;&gt;
                                &lt;div class=&quot;md:w-1/2 md:pr-8 text-right&quot;&gt;
                                    &lt;p class=&quot;text-xl font-bold text-[#005F73]&quot;&gt;持續修訂&lt;/p&gt;
                                    &lt;h4 class=&quot;text-lg font-semibold mt-1&quot;&gt;公共工程施工綱要規範&lt;/h4&gt;
                                    &lt;p class=&quot;text-gray-600 mt-2&quot;&gt;嚴格要求儀器校正、控制點佈設、誤差容許值與系統誤差改正，確保施工測量品質，為品質控制題型之本源。&lt;/p&gt;
                                &lt;/div&gt;
                                &lt;div class=&quot;md:w-1/2 md:pl-8&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
                            &lt;/div&gt;
                            &lt;div class=&quot;w-8 h-8 rounded-full bg-[#EE9B00] border-4 border-white absolute top-1/2 -mt-4 left-1/2 -ml-4 flex items-center justify-center text-white font-bold&quot;&gt;3&lt;/div&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;/section&gt;
            
            &lt;section id=&quot;applications&quot; class=&quot;bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-xl p-6 md:p-8&quot;&gt;
                &lt;div class=&quot;text-center&quot;&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;section-icon mb-4&quot;&gt;🏗️&lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;h3 class=&quot;text-3xl font-bold text-[#005F73]&quot;&gt;測量在實務中的應用&lt;/h3&gt;
                    &lt;p class=&quot;mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600 max-w-4xl mx-auto&quot;&gt;理論結合實務是技師考試的重點。從重大工程的精密監測到災害應變的快速評估，測量技術無所不在。&lt;/p&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;div class=&quot;grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-8 mt-8&quot;&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;bg-gray-50 rounded-lg p-6&quot;&gt;
                        &lt;h4 class=&quot;text-xl font-bold text-[#0A9396]&quot;&gt;案例一：高鐵地層下陷監測&lt;/h4&gt;
                        &lt;p class=&quot;mt-2 text-gray-600&quot;&gt;為確保行車安全，鐵道局對高鐵沿線進行長期精密水準測量，監測橋墩的微小沉陷。這是精密測量與變形監測的典型考題情境。&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;div class=&quot;mt-4 bg-[#0A9396] text-white p-4 rounded-lg text-center&quot;&gt;
                            &lt;p class=&quot;text-sm&quot;&gt;監測精度要求&lt;/p&gt;
                            &lt;p class=&quot;text-2xl font-bold&quot;&gt;± 1 mm / km&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                     &lt;div class=&quot;bg-gray-50 rounded-lg p-6&quot;&gt;
                        &lt;h4 class=&quot;text-xl font-bold text-[#CA6702]&quot;&gt;案例二：捷運隧道貫通測量&lt;/h4&gt;
                        &lt;p class=&quot;mt-2 text-gray-600&quot;&gt;城市捷運工程需在複雜地質與密集建物下施工，貫通測量的精度控制至關重要，考驗導線測量、陀螺儀定位與精度評估的綜合能力。&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;div class=&quot;mt-4 bg-[#CA6702] text-white p-4 rounded-lg text-center&quot;&gt;
                            &lt;p class=&quot;text-sm&quot;&gt;目標貫通誤差&lt;/p&gt;
                            &lt;p class=&quot;text-2xl font-bold&quot;&gt;&amp;lt; 5 cm&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                     &lt;div class=&quot;bg-gray-50 rounded-lg p-6&quot;&gt;
                        &lt;h4 class=&quot;text-xl font-bold text-[#0A9396]&quot;&gt;案例三：坡地崩塌災害評估&lt;/h4&gt;
                        &lt;p class=&quot;mt-2 text-gray-600&quot;&gt;災害發生後，利用無人機攝影測量或LiDAR快速獲取災區DSM/DEM，進行土方量估算與變異分析，是遙測技術在防災應用的重要實例。&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;div class=&quot;mt-4 bg-[#0A9396] text-white p-4 rounded-lg text-center&quot;&gt;
                            &lt;p class=&quot;text-sm&quot;&gt;評估技術&lt;/p&gt;
                            &lt;p class=&quot;text-2xl font-bold&quot;&gt;UAV / LiDAR&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;bg-gray-50 rounded-lg p-6&quot;&gt;
                        &lt;h4 class=&quot;text-xl font-bold text-[#CA6702]&quot;&gt;案例四：曾文南化聯通管工程&lt;/h4&gt;
                        &lt;p class=&quot;mt-2 text-gray-600&quot;&gt;長達25公里的輸水管線，需精確的管線定線與高程控制，以確保南北水源順利調度。此案例涵蓋長距離測量與高程系統的應用。&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;div class=&quot;mt-4 bg-[#CA6702] text-white p-4 rounded-lg text-center&quot;&gt;
                            &lt;p class=&quot;text-sm&quot;&gt;工程長度&lt;/p&gt;
                            &lt;p class=&quot;text-2xl font-bold&quot;&gt;~25 km&lt;/p&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;/section&gt;
            
            &lt;section id=&quot;roadmap&quot; class=&quot;bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-xl p-6 md:p-8&quot;&gt;
                &lt;div class=&quot;text-center&quot;&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;section-icon mb-4&quot;&gt;🗺️&lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;h3 class=&quot;text-3xl font-bold text-[#005F73]&quot;&gt;高分上榜學習路徑圖&lt;/h3&gt;
                    &lt;p class=&quot;mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600 max-w-4xl mx-auto&quot;&gt;依循此路徑，循序漸進，建立穩固的測量學知識體系。&lt;/p&gt;
                &lt;/div&gt;
                &lt;div class=&quot;flex flex-col md:flex-row items-center justify-center gap-4 md:gap-0 mt-8 space-y-4 md:space-y-0&quot;&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;text-center p-4&quot;&gt;
                        &lt;div class=&quot;bg-[#005F73] text-white rounded-full w-24 h-24 flex flex-col items-center justify-center mx-auto shadow-lg&quot;&gt;
                            &lt;div class=&quot;text-3xl&quot;&gt;①&lt;/div&gt;
                            &lt;div class=&quot;font-bold&quot;&gt;強化基礎&lt;/div&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;
                        &lt;p class=&quot;mt-2 max-w-xs text-gray-600&quot;&gt;紮實掌握水準、導線、誤差理論等核心知識。&lt;/p&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;hidden md:block text-[#0A9396] text-4xl font-bold mx-4&quot;&gt;→&lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;text-center p-4&quot;&gt;
                        &lt;div class=&quot;bg-[#0A9396] text-white rounded-full w-24 h-24 flex flex-col items-center justify-center mx-auto shadow-lg&quot;&gt;
                            &lt;div class=&quot;text-3xl&quot;&gt;②&lt;/div&gt;
                            &lt;div class=&quot;font-bold&quot;&gt;擁抱新技&lt;/div&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;
                         &lt;p class=&quot;mt-2 max-w-xs text-gray-600&quot;&gt;深入了解GNSS、LiDAR與UAV的原理與應用。&lt;/p&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;hidden md:block text-[#94D2BD] text-4xl font-bold mx-4&quot;&gt;→&lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;text-center p-4&quot;&gt;
                        &lt;div class=&quot;bg-[#94D2BD] text-white rounded-full w-24 h-24 flex flex-col items-center justify-center mx-auto shadow-lg&quot;&gt;
                           &lt;div class=&quot;text-3xl&quot;&gt;③&lt;/div&gt;
                           &lt;div class=&quot;font-bold&quot;&gt;關注法規&lt;/div&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;
                         &lt;p class=&quot;mt-2 max-w-xs text-gray-600&quot;&gt;追蹤地籍、國土測繪與工程規範最新動態。&lt;/p&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
                     &lt;div class=&quot;hidden md:block text-[#E9D8A6] text-4xl font-bold mx-4&quot;&gt;→&lt;/div&gt;
                    &lt;div class=&quot;text-center p-4&quot;&gt;
                        &lt;div class=&quot;bg-[#EE9B00] text-white rounded-full w-24 h-24 flex flex-col items-center justify-center mx-auto shadow-lg&quot;&gt;
                           &lt;div class=&quot;text-3xl&quot;&gt;④&lt;/div&gt;
                           &lt;div class=&quot;font-bold&quot;&gt;實務演練&lt;/div&gt;
                        &lt;/div&gt;
                         &lt;p class=&quot;mt-2 max-w-xs text-gray-600&quot;&gt;結合重大工程案例，練習綜合應用解題。&lt;/p&gt;
                    &lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/feeds/7603794660176149168/comments/default' title='張貼留言'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/06/blog-post.html#comment-form' title='0 個意見'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/7603794660176149168'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/7603794660176149168'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2025/06/blog-post.html' title='土木技師測量學考情分析資訊圖表'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-3192053281113177210</id><published>2015-11-26T18:46:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2015-11-26T18:46:10.969-08:00</updated><title type='text'>1041026台東三日遊</title><content type='html'>&lt;!-- X-Notifications: 1:90d2257390800000 --&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;border:solid 1px #dfdfdf;color:#686868;font:13px Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background-color:#fff;padding:20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-bottom:20px;padding-bottom:20px; border-bottom:solid 1px #dfdfdf;width:670px&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;padding:15px 0;color:#686868;font:16px Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;&gt;鄭佳邦已在Google+和您分享訊息。&lt;/span&gt; Google+ 讓您在網路上體驗有如現實生活般的分享樂趣。 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.google.com/+/learnmore/&quot; style=&quot;color:#3366CC;text-decoration:none&quot;&gt;瞭解詳情&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://plus.google.com/_/notifications/ngemlink?&amp;emid=CJCXtY3Lr8kCFUmkHgodbhUHiQ&amp;path=%2F%3Fgpinv%3DAMIXal94sWEgCmX3Jzx-9LvGkL4TSo73ijQ7QZsck7_xT7n_UTUf2MPAq4KEx8UZK0Gz2bOiJuBTp3nkyWc78akC-MUdn0GO71_VxnWaaD4PqkxJSzXA6Q0&amp;dt=1448592370664&amp;uob=8&quot; style=&quot;background-color:#d44b38;border:solid 1px #dfdfdf;border-radius:3px;color:#fff;display:inline-block;font-family: Arial;font-size:13px;height:30px;line-height:30px;min-width:54px;padding:1px 20px;text-align:center;text-decoration:none;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;加入 Google+&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;padding-right:15px;vertical-align:top&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://plus.google.com/_/notifications/ngemlink?&amp;emid=CJCXtY3Lr8kCFUmkHgodbhUHiQ&amp;path=%2F110552662856889685547&amp;dt=1448592370664&amp;uob=8&quot;&gt;&lt;img width=&quot;75&quot; 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	&lt;br&gt;鐵工局首頁 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/main.aspx?lan=ch&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/main.aspx?lan=ch&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;  │ 訊息公告 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/02100.aspx&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/02100.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;  │ 專案介紹 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/04000.aspx&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/04000.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;  │ 專題報導 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/05001.aspx&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/05001.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;  │ 政府資訊 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/06000.aspx&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/06000.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;  │ 出版品 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/07100.aspx&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/07100.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;  │ 下載專區 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/08100.aspx&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/08100.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;  │ 網網相連 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/09100.aspx&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/09100.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;  │ 討論園地 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/10100.aspx&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/10100.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;  	&lt;br&gt;【328期工程報導電子報】　發行日期：2014/1/17	&lt;br&gt;	 *&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/icon.gif&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/icon.gif&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 	總統視察花東鐵路電氣化計畫－「新溪口隧道工程」實地瞭解電氣化工程遭遇之困難並肯定工程團隊辛勞	&lt;br&gt;	&lt;br&gt;	&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; *&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/b.gif&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/b.gif&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 	&lt;br&gt;馬總統於12月22日視察新溪口隧道工程，聽取周局長簡報 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20140107_153004.81014.jpg&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20140107_153004.81014.jpg&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 　（本刊訓）馬總統於102年12月22日由交通部葉部長及本局長周局長陪同下，視察花東鐵路電氣化計畫－「新溪口隧道工程」，實地瞭解電氣化工程遭遇之困難及執行現況，對於花東鐵路電氣化施工團隊不畏工程艱鉅、全力克服難關，馬總統表達慰勉之意，給予最高肯定。目前雖因天災及承商施工動員能力而造成工程進度落後，惟已積極採取相關因應措施。&lt;br&gt;　花東鐵路電氣化是東部民眾期盼很久的交通建設，除承商施工動員能力外，臺灣地質特性及天候因素，亦影響本工程建設的進度，如近年因花東地區受到連續颱風豪雨襲擊，致蘇花公路數次中斷影響材料機具供應，以及新溪口隧道在101年天秤颱風將整個工地淹沒等因素，導致工程受阻，嚴重影響工程進度。&lt;br&gt;　馬總統視察過程中聽取周局長簡報說明電化工程遭遇種種困難及因應措施，馬總統特別指示務必要全力趲趕，盡最大努力如期來完成這一項工程，儘早發揮計畫效益，以符合花東民眾期待。&lt;br&gt;　花東鐵路完成全線電氣化後，列車速度可由原時速110公里提升為130公里，花蓮到台東間，比目前行車提高2倍班車容量及減少30分鐘的行車時間。鐵工局為早日提供民眾行的便利，在以安全為重的前提下，對花東鐵路電氣化工程正全力趲趕中，並依序辦理檢查測試，安全為通車第一要件，務必做到安全第一，同時通過交通部履勘後，預定103年6月通車。（許健宏）	&lt;br&gt; 	&lt;br&gt;	 *&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/icon.gif&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/icon.gif&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 	交通部范次長視察花東電氣化工程，並試乘電力機車,對花蓮壽豐間測試成果表示嘉許	&lt;br&gt;	&lt;br&gt;	&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; *&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/b.gif&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/b.gif&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 	&lt;br&gt;范次長與周局長於電力機車電力測試後合影 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20140107_164422.81875.jpg&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20140107_164422.81875.jpg&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 　（本刊訊）交通部范次長范植谷於本102年12月13日由本局周局長陪同視察花東鐵路電氣化工程。&lt;br&gt;　范次長於花蓮車站登上編號E355號電力車頭，實地參加花蓮至壽豐間第三次送電機車來回測試，驗收電氣化工程成果，&lt;br&gt;　范次長於試乘後表示，鐵工局對花東電氣化工程的努力是有目共睹的，並對本路段試車成果表示滿意及嘉許。&lt;br&gt;　隨後范次長視察光復變電站及玉里變電站，其中玉里變電站之台電161KV部分已測試完畢，次長要求鐵工局持續趲趕工進，期於103年展開列車測試。（鍾承憲）	&lt;br&gt; 	&lt;br&gt;	 *&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/icon.gif&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/icon.gif&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 	花東鐵路電氣化光復變電站，加入台電系統營運	&lt;br&gt;	&lt;br&gt;	&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; *&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/b.gif&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/b.gif&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 	&lt;br&gt;　（本刊訊）為提供花東線鐵路全線電氣化之電力動能，台電花蓮區處及花東供電營運處在電力系統部分，將位於花蓮縣光復鄉的臺鐵「光復變電站」於102年12月30日正式加入台電系統營運，為整體電氣化工程邁進一大步。 	&lt;br&gt;周局長與變電站同仁合影 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20140114_153644.65540.jpg&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20140114_153644.65540.jpg&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 　花東鐵路電氣化工程中，電力為主要動能，花東鐵路沿線總共需設置4個變電站，其中花蓮縣設置2個變電站，分別是102年11月28日加入的玉里變電站，及102年12月30日加入的光復變電站，兩站都順利完工運轉。&lt;br&gt;　這次併聯方式由台電光復二次變電所以69kV、2迴路地下電纜送到鐵路光復變電站，在整條花東鐵路電氣化工程中，是繼鐵路玉里、鐵路關山之後，第3個成功加入系統的變電站，電力供應在花蓮縣內可全區安全運轉，反覆測試後，送電進行過程相當順利，為103年6月鐵路電氣化通車啟用向前邁進一步。	&lt;br&gt; 	&lt;br&gt;	 *&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/icon.gif&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/icon.gif&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 	高雄東段計畫與脫鉤方案之探討	&lt;br&gt;	&lt;br&gt;	&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; *&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/b.gif&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/b.gif&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 	&lt;br&gt;高雄計畫平面位置及分標示意圖 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20140109_095835.39743.jpg&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20140109_095835.39743.jpg&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 計畫概要 &lt;br&gt;　「臺鐵捷運化-高雄市區鐵路地下化計畫」之工程計畫範圍，起於高雄市葆禎路附近(臺鐵里程UK400+040)至高雄市澄清路附近(臺鐵里程UK410+257)，詳高雄計畫平面位置及分標示意圖。依臺鐵縱貫線走向區分為三個設計標，DL01標、DL02標及DL03標。本高雄東段計畫屬DL03標，其工程範圍為永久軌里程UK406+700~UK410+257之間，起自高雄市民族路之西邊約300公尺處，止於澄清路自強陸橋附近，工程長度約3,557公尺，西邊與高雄車站工程為界，東邊則銜接鳳山計畫。本設計標主要工作項目包括有關之土木、大地、結構、建築、車站、臨時軌道、水電、空調通風、電梯及電扶梯工程、景觀及平面道路等。&lt;br&gt;工程概述&lt;br&gt;　本設計標主要分為CL311標民族路段臺鐵隧道工程及CL312標大順路段臺鐵隧道工程兩大土建標，分別概略如下：&lt;br&gt;　CL311標施工範圍里程西起於UK406+700，東至UK407+900，工程長度約1,200公尺，包括940公尺之明挖覆蓋隧道及民族車站，明挖覆蓋隧道寬度10.55公尺，開挖深度約18~29公尺，採用連續壁型鋼橫撐施工之箱型構造物，民族車站位於民族陸橋東側與寧夏街口附近，為一地下二層岸壁式月台車站。車站長度260.0公尺，寬度18公尺，開挖深度約23.6公尺，採用明挖覆蓋順打工法施工之箱型構造物。&lt;br&gt;　CL312標施工範圍里程西起於UK407+900，東至UK410+257，工程長度約2,357公尺，包括705公尺之明挖覆蓋隧道和640公尺之U型擋土牆引道構造物及295公尺的民族車站，明挖覆蓋隧道寬度10.55公尺，開挖深度約9~23公尺，採用連續壁型鋼橫撐施工之箱型構造物，U型擋土牆引道寬度10.55公尺，開挖深度約2~7公尺，採用連續壁型鋼橫撐施工之U型構造物，大順車站位於大順陸橋西側附近，為一地下二層岸壁式月台車站。車站長度295.0公尺，寬度18公尺，開挖深度約15公尺，採用明挖覆蓋順打工法施工之箱型構造物（後續已配合鳳山計畫縮減隧道範圍及取消引道）。&lt;br&gt;原設計臨時軌道切換程序&lt;br&gt;　本工程為利用在鄰近鐵路現有路線之區域施工，基於現有路權及維持鐵路營運之限制，必需充分利用有限的路權，在兼顧現有鐵路營運及在原有鐵路路線改變結構型態，必需要先將現有路線改道，才能進行施工，因此必需透過規劃之方式使施工可順利進行，大致的規劃及施工需將現有軌道遷移至臨時軌道，未來永久軌雖位於地下，但基本線型與現行縱貫鐵路正線類似，為了維持鐵路的運行，必須將目前軌道作臨時遷移，才能夠在現行縱貫鐵路正線區域施工，本計畫之臨時軌遷移共分成三個階段如下：&lt;br&gt;一、第一階段臨時軌道之切換為在312標之範圍內，目的是因為臨時軌道的規劃在里程UK408+ 525~UK406+755跨過未來的隧道，以及部份臨時軌位置非常靠近連續壁，故在施工隧道前，必須先將該區域做成軌道支承版，才能夠在其開挖時不致因施工影響軌道的運行，故先將該部份的軌道改線，施做完軌道支承版後，便進行第二階段臨時軌道之切換。&lt;br&gt;二、第二階段臨時軌道主要範圍介於311標民族陸橋與312標大順陸橋間，路線佈設於隧道北側，切換完成後，里程UK407+334以東受現有軌道影響無法施工部份便可一併解決。&lt;br&gt;三、第三階段臨時軌道之切換，目的為里程UK407+200以西必須待機檢段拆除後才可施工，機檢段則須配合屏東潮州機廠完工後進行拆遷。&lt;br&gt;脫鉤方案臨時軌道切換程序&lt;br&gt;　由於高雄車站檢車段無法如期搬遷，致原設計需使用檢車段部分用地之第三階段臨時軌無法依原設計位置施作，迫使永久軌及臨時軌線形變更，除需避開檢車段外，僅能於核定路權內調整永久軌及臨時軌道線形，在原本受限於用地條件及民族陸橋情況下，僅能利用站體及隧道上方設計，結果將大幅增加臨時軌與主體結構之重疊長度，即增加臨時軌道支承版設計，惟尚需進行相關配合作業（脫鉤方案），主要如下：&lt;br&gt;一、需先施作民族車站西隧道連續壁(原第三階段臨時軌切換後施作)及其上方之支承版(原設計無該支承版)&lt;br&gt;二、前項工作位於原營運中東、西正線上，故必需將原有東、西正線南移(新增軌道切換)。&lt;br&gt;三、南側尚有臺鐵東臨港線及DMU車庫，故必需將東臨港線及DMU車庫拆除。&lt;br&gt;四、東臨港線因尚需營運，故需先於407K+220處先辦理西正線出岔後，方可拆除東臨港線。&lt;br&gt;五、西正線出岔東臨港線除配合增設電力桿基礎、安裝伸縮接頭2處、西正線新鋪202(＃12右開)道岔1套及新鋪軌道25公尺，尚需配合號誌系統整合、高雄站EI啟用及中性區間東移等相關前置工作。&lt;br&gt;六、原設計臨時軌第二階段於312標範圍先行切換(先進行科工館站施工)，另大順陸橋以西考量鳳山計畫，相對主體結構併入鳳山計畫。&lt;br&gt;七、原設計臨時軌第二階段於311範圍部分與第三階合併為一個階段。&lt;br&gt;原設計與脫鉤方案之探討&lt;br&gt;　高雄計畫脫鉤方案主要影響為311標工程，原設計考量了台鐵局檢車段拆遷時程影響因子，將臨時軌設計分為拆除前、後兩階段，目的在檢車段拆遷前，即可進行311標部分民族站及以東隧道600公尺之隧道工程，為分段施工概念，可大幅降低影響工期之風險，惟因受檢車段無法配合第三階段臨時軌時程搬遷，其影響程度已更遠高於脫鉤前，建議更應該將原設計臨時軌第二、三階段分開處理，有助於部分民族站及以東600公尺之隧道先施工及減少臨港出岔次數等，雖然如此，尚有脫鉤後續衍生之問題需一 一配套解決，謹摘要如下：&lt;br&gt;一、首先必須面對的為聯外施工動線受限問題，即民族站以西之北側連續壁（含民族陸橋限高單元）、軌道支承版僅能以北側民族陸橋下迴轉道作為唯一施工動線。&lt;br&gt;二、原設計民族站以西連續壁（含民族陸橋限高單元）南、北側可一次施，需配合臨時軌切換採半半施工方式，相對可施工場地僅原規畫二分之一。&lt;br&gt;三、中油管線群及民族陸橋下自自來水600mm管線需辦理二次遷移，增加作業干擾、時程及施工困難度。&lt;br&gt;四、穿越民族站重大污水管2800mm及1650mm管遷工程，其中污水管1650mm需優先完成遷建並廢除舊管，以施作該處站體之擋土措施。&lt;br&gt;五、前項重大污水管2800mm工作井位置接近民族陸橋，在管遷作業期間除與施工主動線要相互搭配外，亦受管遷難度高之施工風險影響。&lt;br&gt;六、配合本工程之新建高雄市政府機車路考場需完成啟用，並拆除與本工程衝突舊有路考建物及設施（屬車站以東隧道）。&lt;br&gt;七、配合高雄市政府交維計畫，增設民族路機車便橋工程。&lt;br&gt;　以上，於技術上尚能克服，關鍵在於需搭配良好的施工規畫與執行並進，同時可兼顧311標工程要徑（民族站及以東隧道）之進行。&lt;br&gt;結語&lt;br&gt;　鐵路地下工程能否如期順利進行，臨時軌道係扮演關鍵角色，嚴格來說，以有限用地條件下，再加上周詳設計考量，一般臨時軌範圍一但進入車站，其困難度相對增加，更何況本工程係面臨臺鐵局高雄站、檢車段及臨港線，因該站除旅運外，尚涉及列車運轉調度、檢車、洗車等功能，相對軌道、號誌、電務及電力系統複雜，對於切換時程亦較難以掌控，也就是說即使臨時軌道工程如期完工，可能面臨臺鐵局系統整合前之等待切換風險，以本案例工程已進入施工階段，應儘可能避免重大變更，然而在無法避免情況下，設計、監造單位與施工廠商在有限時程內，應充分討論、配合與執行，並搭配主辦單位程序可行性，最後訂定原則方向，避免且戰且走模式，否則期程將難以掌控。（張安志）	&lt;br&gt; *&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/fd01-04.gif&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/fd01-04.gif&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 檔案下載：20140109_095835.56376.pdf &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/documents/epaperDetail/20140109_095835.56376.pdf&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/documents/epaperDetail/20140109_095835.56376.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; 	&lt;br&gt;	 *&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/icon.gif&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/icon.gif&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 	鐵工局代辦高雄捷運R11高雄站工程積極趲趕已完成底版作業，預計103年4月30日交付	&lt;br&gt;	&lt;br&gt;	&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; *&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/b.gif&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/b.gif&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 	&lt;br&gt;　（本刊訊）交通部鐵路改建工程局代辦高雄市政府捷運工程局R11高雄站之永久站連續壁與結構工程，站體最後一單元結構底版業於102年12月25日順利施築完成，為日後高雄捷運R11高雄站臨時站切換至永久站營運跨出了重要的一步。	&lt;br&gt;R11潛盾隧道現況照片 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20140114_154542.2721.jpg&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20140114_154542.2721.jpg&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 　高雄捷運R11高雄站之永久站因位於臺鐵高雄車站正下方，必須配合本局高雄車站段地下化工程一併施工，高雄捷運於97年3月9日通車時，捷運高雄車站係以兩條臨時潛盾隧道及臨時站營運， R11高雄站之永久站正好位於兩條潛盾隧道間，未來配合高雄鐵路地下化通車後將成為一座兩鐵共構的車站。&lt;br&gt;　因R11高雄站之永久站施工時，上方有臺鐵高雄車站、兩側距營運中的捷運臨時潛盾隧道最近距離僅2.6公尺，且站體之總開挖深度達32.84公尺，施工困難度極高。同時為確保施工暨兩鐵之營運安全，開挖前於兩側主要連續壁間再設置了11道地中壁，雖增加開挖施工的困難度，但卻大幅提昇了施工的安全性，保障了兩鐵營運之安全。　	&lt;br&gt;R11結構底版施工 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20140114_154542.64034.jpg&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20140114_154542.64034.jpg&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 　本工程自101年底開挖施工以來即以24小時分三班的方式來趕辦工進，期間並與捷運相關單位利用夜間列車停駛期間進行隧道巡檢，配合24小時的隧道內自動監測系統，嚴密監控潛盾隧道的結構變化，確保捷運之營運安全，終於在本局與高雄市政府捷運局的通力合作之下，結構底版工程於102年12月25日順利施築完成，對深開挖的施工安全目標具有指標意義，也為高雄捷運由臨時潛盾隧道切換到永久路線跨出關鍵的一步，同時對高雄鐵路地下化工程高雄站區施工作業面開展有正面助益，為未來兩鐵共構車站的完工奠定良好的基礎。（馬良俊）	&lt;br&gt; 	&lt;br&gt;	 *&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/icon.gif&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/icon.gif&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 	徵稿啟事	&lt;br&gt;	&lt;br&gt;	&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; *&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/b.gif&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/images/b.gif&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 	&lt;br&gt;　（本刊訊）鐵路改建工程報導，為充實版面及豐富內容，凡本局同仁、承商及顧問，對工程施工技術介紹、工程技術專論、施工報導及照片，或同仁於從事鐵路改建工程之生活歷程及心得，皆所歡迎。&lt;br&gt;　來稿請加附照片或圖表，送鐵工局秘書室，敬請熱愛本刊，踴躍賜稿。（編審組）	&lt;br&gt; 	&lt;br&gt;________________________________&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;交通部鐵路改建工程局 &amp;#169; 版權所有&lt;br&gt;總機：02-8969-1900│地址：22041新北市板橋區縣民大道2段7號20樓&lt;br&gt;訂閱電子報 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/10200.aspx&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/10200.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; ｜取消電子報 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/10200.aspx&quot;&gt;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/10200.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; ｜本郵件由電子報系統自動寄出，請勿回覆此信件! 	鐵道辭典 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=air.RailwayDictionaryMobile&amp;amp;feature=search_result#?t=W251bGwsMSwyLDEsImFpci5SYWlsd2F5RGljdGlvbmFyeU1vYmlsZSJd&quot;&gt;https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=air.RailwayDictionaryMobile&amp;amp;feature=search_result#?t=W251bGwsMSwyLDEsImFpci5SYWlsd2F5RGljdGlvbmFyeU1vYmlsZSJd&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 	 通過A+等級無障礙網頁檢測 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webguide.nat.gov.tw/enable.jsp?category=20091015163636&quot;&gt;http://www.webguide.nat.gov.tw/enable.jsp?category=20091015163636&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; 	 我的E政府網站 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gov.tw&quot;&gt;http://www.gov.tw&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/feeds/4805660300788107968/comments/default' title='張貼留言'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2014/01/328.html#comment-form' title='0 個意見'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/4805660300788107968'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/4805660300788107968'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2014/01/328.html' title='「鐵路改建工程報導」第328期電子報'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-349660804934055154</id><published>2014-01-13T19:21:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2014-01-13T19:21:50.931-08:00</updated><title type='text'>高等岩石力學102年第1學期期末考</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=WordSection1&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=center style=&#39;text-align:center;line-height:18.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly&#39;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;臺北科技大學&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=center style=&#39;text-align:center;line-height:18.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly&#39;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;高等岩石力學&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;102&lt;/span&gt;年第&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;學期期末考&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=right style=&#39;text-align:right;line-height:18.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly&#39;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;103.1.9&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;mso-margin-top-alt:6.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left:0cm;mso-margin-top-alt:.5gd;mso-para-margin-right:0cm;mso-para-margin-bottom:.5gd;mso-para-margin-left:0cm;line-height:18.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly&#39;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;1.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;辨認岩石&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(10%)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h4 style=&#39;margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:13.5pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;2.a.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;何謂&quot;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;size effect&lt;/span&gt;尺寸效應&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:標楷體;font-weight:normal&#39;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#333333&#39;&gt; 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o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image008.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRuHW2YLuoB-Ycs09iZKgtb1C_7MLGPqEqrBq0HGhvTZkA6qoPeYGFM-zkGUnfHbO1fEqB-C7T1K5oZgo_fcDc8VsoVFmzAOGxA8DTtIX-F_p48hbWPrzXrLDCFucUKM89Rkf3pzFkapQ/s1600/image009-719689.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRuHW2YLuoB-Ycs09iZKgtb1C_7MLGPqEqrBq0HGhvTZkA6qoPeYGFM-zkGUnfHbO1fEqB-C7T1K5oZgo_fcDc8VsoVFmzAOGxA8DTtIX-F_p48hbWPrzXrLDCFucUKM89Rkf3pzFkapQ/s400/image009-719689.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5968586003638580114&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1027&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203697&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;側量壓力係數&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;mso-margin-top-alt:6.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left:0cm;mso-margin-top-alt:.5gd;mso-para-margin-right:0cm;mso-para-margin-bottom:.5gd;mso-para-margin-left:0cm;text-indent:12.0pt;line-height:18.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly&#39;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:標楷體;position:relative;top:15.0pt;mso-text-raise:-15.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1028&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:35.25pt;height:33.75pt&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image010.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjc5r7tkrjU46739oT19q2AOHhRplhaIkF1Qye_AOUx7VVi9D96MwySqJHA3jS3O3AR0rBSaaEaFFJdGmSs9BEiIlx7GIgHQXVwp4LBqECNh9YFD9WvGPxB4oaeCwhr0sszd_ZHlj7tQBg/s1600/image011-722798.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjc5r7tkrjU46739oT19q2AOHhRplhaIkF1Qye_AOUx7VVi9D96MwySqJHA3jS3O3AR0rBSaaEaFFJdGmSs9BEiIlx7GIgHQXVwp4LBqECNh9YFD9WvGPxB4oaeCwhr0sszd_ZHlj7tQBg/s400/image011-722798.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5968586015910847698&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1028&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203698&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;波松比&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;mso-margin-top-alt:6.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left:0cm;mso-margin-top-alt:.5gd;mso-para-margin-right:0cm;mso-para-margin-bottom:.5gd;mso-para-margin-left:0cm;line-height:18.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly&#39;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;3.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;A granitic rock is composed of a mixture of 30 % quartz, 40 % plagioclase, and 30 % augite. Its porosity is 3.0% and its longitudinal wave velocity measured in the laboratory is 3200 m/s. Describe its state of fissuring.(10%)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;mso-margin-top-alt:6.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left:0cm;mso-margin-top-alt:.5gd;mso-para-margin-right:0cm;mso-para-margin-bottom:.5gd;mso-para-margin-left:0cm;line-height:18.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly&#39;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;Solve:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;text-indent:27.0pt;text-autospace:none&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;position:relative;top:16.0pt;mso-text-raise:-16.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1029&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:60pt;height:35.25pt&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image012.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7v6Z7Y-hyUa2stYK2nV8nDof9PCV-OZlUrJJU3csjLerOUyDPElG5-MjpUDy0uRuRyHKmzyG9NMAqhfSysAHBjvzWhx9BrZQ7igT-6Le06zYiE6zAw1XPVGPwItLXKj6NeDMc3UBAoTc/s1600/image013-724637.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7v6Z7Y-hyUa2stYK2nV8nDof9PCV-OZlUrJJU3csjLerOUyDPElG5-MjpUDy0uRuRyHKmzyG9NMAqhfSysAHBjvzWhx9BrZQ7igT-6Le06zYiE6zAw1XPVGPwItLXKj6NeDMc3UBAoTc/s400/image013-724637.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5968586024124478034&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1029&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203700&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;text-indent:27.0pt;text-autospace:none&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;&#39;&gt;quartz 30% &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;石英&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;&#39;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; V=6050m/s&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;text-indent:27.0pt;text-autospace:none&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;&#39;&gt;plagioclase 40% &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;斜長石&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;&#39;&gt; V=6250m/s&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;text-indent:27.0pt;text-autospace:none&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;&#39;&gt;augite 30%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;輝石&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;&#39;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; V=7200m/s&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;text-indent:27.0pt;text-autospace:none&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;position:relative;top:24.0pt;mso-text-raise:-24.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1030&quot; 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href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit4G5vGbdmVhgKqRDne9cmZUf5u4bvCDS6RgevH1mzQ2WBnTImw4UMQRf3vxriQzvfR3loKZcvoP8XoHtRjGPnyrfPaZLbzi2OPxbr3Npm2PtBMse2_pgGEkB0ohTjME9ih8kJiLeJWC4/s1600/image017-728877.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit4G5vGbdmVhgKqRDne9cmZUf5u4bvCDS6RgevH1mzQ2WBnTImw4UMQRf3vxriQzvfR3loKZcvoP8XoHtRjGPnyrfPaZLbzi2OPxbr3Npm2PtBMse2_pgGEkB0ohTjME9ih8kJiLeJWC4/s400/image017-728877.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5968586039775373378&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1031&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203702&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;text-indent:27.0pt;text-autospace:none&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;position:relative;top:22.0pt;mso-text-raise:-22.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1032&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:101.25pt;height:50.25pt&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image018.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpF_Zlp1z_0OPHpiOEoJJwZPhowiXJcuGvkd2esPKOaMPG0Yd1k8UmL3QRME7oHNtX5V8KgBxBQV9Ar7Ab-7DdSPLjBBn1rRVjFnv0ZbxT6U86XWoDoH0HldVxps1QsEN5_yNf4cbtA8I/s1600/image019-731981.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpF_Zlp1z_0OPHpiOEoJJwZPhowiXJcuGvkd2esPKOaMPG0Yd1k8UmL3QRME7oHNtX5V8KgBxBQV9Ar7Ab-7DdSPLjBBn1rRVjFnv0ZbxT6U86XWoDoH0HldVxps1QsEN5_yNf4cbtA8I/s400/image019-731981.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5968586051220843874&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1032&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203703&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;text-indent:27.0pt;text-autospace:none&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;&#39;&gt;n=3% &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;text-indent:27.0pt;text-autospace:none&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;由&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;&#39;&gt;iq=49.7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;及&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;&#39;&gt;n=3%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;查圖&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;&#39;&gt;2.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;，&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;text-indent:27.0pt;text-autospace:none&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;約若在第&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;&#39;&gt;III&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;區，裂縫狀況：多裂紋&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;&#39;&gt;(strongly fissured)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;mso-margin-top-alt:6.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left:0cm;mso-margin-top-alt:.5gd;mso-para-margin-right:0cm;mso-para-margin-bottom:.5gd;mso-para-margin-left:0cm;line-height:18.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly&#39;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;mso-margin-top-alt:6.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left:0cm;mso-margin-top-alt:.5gd;mso-para-margin-right:0cm;mso-para-margin-bottom:.5gd;mso-para-margin-left:0cm;line-height:18.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly&#39;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;4.in a series of triaxial compression tests on a sandstone,the stress &lt;span style=&#39;position:relative;top:6.0pt;mso-text-raise:-6.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1033&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:14.25pt;height:18pt&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image020.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a 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href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipo4XepdU4PmgK5TjEsVUlqzk2y6wgDYrKHGayD-0gQmclxyPxyv1PZoDuHtM6WsVL0A_yW3cGnzHq-io8i-cQDERZZXyG5_eaK0Baps3-EfI5EWaXIw_mf798_6jTaInsaQxECoBHVGA/s1600/image035-749322.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipo4XepdU4PmgK5TjEsVUlqzk2y6wgDYrKHGayD-0gQmclxyPxyv1PZoDuHtM6WsVL0A_yW3cGnzHq-io8i-cQDERZZXyG5_eaK0Baps3-EfI5EWaXIw_mf798_6jTaInsaQxECoBHVGA/s400/image035-749322.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5968586130682535138&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1041&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203712&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;mso-margin-top-alt:6.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left:0cm;mso-margin-top-alt:.5gd;mso-para-margin-right:0cm;mso-para-margin-bottom:.5gd;mso-para-margin-left:0cm;line-height:18.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.0pt&#39;&gt;Si=2.69MPa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;5.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt; A vertical hydraulic fracture was initiated in a borehole at a depth of 2500 ft. Assume the ground is saturated continuously from the surface and that the pressure in the ground water is hydrostatic. The water pressure was first raised 750 psi above the original groundwater pressure and then it was not possible to raise it further. When pumping stopped, the water pressure fell to a value 120 psi above the original groundwater pressure. After a day, the pressure was raised again, but it could not be pumped to a value higher than 100 psi above the previous pressure (the &quot;shut-in&quot; pressure). Estimate the horizontal stresses at the site of measurement, the tensile strength of the rock, and vertical pressure at the site. (10%)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;Sol:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;position:relative;top:8.0pt;mso-text-raise:-8.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1042&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:225.75pt;height:21.75pt&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image036.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDbnMX3x0A-PFwoj67XyQbGGZqJDlL0zMddmuQj6e3Qi5LtvDuhYB1X3f32ZoFtJ9_HIT46yKiEzRmOQChUF4OZ268f7j8WdYGWiBp3FZqY-tjzLpHHxuFeoi-84fbM4uRZIlMhCgRVB8/s1600/image037-751930.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img 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src=&quot;cid:image038.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKNt0hONUnzU-mHb-4JlyyoiCtN-9U68PJ6eXi5doq5pU2a0rYAKt5XunYpEs2bLwwJxw1TSQPBbV74f4svcLs_HQ9hrX1Ip0fW2YqJnwpIrUnjwGBH4W0cmvo5d1PkIJKrOCPvC-TQVU/s1600/image039-753621.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKNt0hONUnzU-mHb-4JlyyoiCtN-9U68PJ6eXi5doq5pU2a0rYAKt5XunYpEs2bLwwJxw1TSQPBbV74f4svcLs_HQ9hrX1Ip0fW2YqJnwpIrUnjwGBH4W0cmvo5d1PkIJKrOCPvC-TQVU/s400/image039-753621.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5968586149573866450&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1043&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203714&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;position:relative;top:6.0pt;mso-text-raise:-6.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1044&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:162.75pt;height:18pt&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image040.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSagkOIFPF06r7TVK_YSP54vwSckW8lvxzd0UwFui33DwASwMMLAPYQ9qHjkjrj9H_dzBuBnfr4bnNFKuz2vaI_-H_6K8f_uUhPLZ3A8knsaTXy651TDKdgCGZWSngtakO5pzQMqIukYw/s1600/image041-755676.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSagkOIFPF06r7TVK_YSP54vwSckW8lvxzd0UwFui33DwASwMMLAPYQ9qHjkjrj9H_dzBuBnfr4bnNFKuz2vaI_-H_6K8f_uUhPLZ3A8knsaTXy651TDKdgCGZWSngtakO5pzQMqIukYw/s400/image041-755676.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5968586157697712274&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1044&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203715&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;position:relative;top:6.0pt;mso-text-raise:-6.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1045&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:230.25pt;height:18pt&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image042.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhl_YxBByf1xY1P7iW_lFovPS2Nldzc6QshxUqlUnaEeOZcbPHxnC8Ify57vAojQYTjWAgTM_8NrOz3gzi3_hP1saCbkeIWZI3apagtGSGamol2rOdY8xt50rxbAkMbBZ8zU2RzR3YT9uU/s1600/image043-757799.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhl_YxBByf1xY1P7iW_lFovPS2Nldzc6QshxUqlUnaEeOZcbPHxnC8Ify57vAojQYTjWAgTM_8NrOz3gzi3_hP1saCbkeIWZI3apagtGSGamol2rOdY8xt50rxbAkMbBZ8zU2RzR3YT9uU/s400/image043-757799.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5968586163463613890&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1045&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203716&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;position:relative;top:6.0pt;mso-text-raise:-6.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1046&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:177pt;height:18pt&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image044.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Bg02-fmv2jmD98OvZ95YK7Kvnynr5TILNf5VKxpBYbkZsFArHSUAIJXiOmwS6NY9qzJugiGfTswG78b8qvgTAcwT9HnDginEXw6_WY8eLpgi_OHZ5fxdZpzpiCNmFQWxrAHTh408KsU/s1600/image045-759462.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Bg02-fmv2jmD98OvZ95YK7Kvnynr5TILNf5VKxpBYbkZsFArHSUAIJXiOmwS6NY9qzJugiGfTswG78b8qvgTAcwT9HnDginEXw6_WY8eLpgi_OHZ5fxdZpzpiCNmFQWxrAHTh408KsU/s400/image045-759462.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5968586168783493490&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1046&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203717&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;Unconsidered pore pressures &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;position:relative;top:7.0pt;mso-text-raise:-7.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1047&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:102.75pt;height:18.75pt&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image046.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3jLcm8jDAxBhYnGhq8FcTjex5Dkz7iOoHpGAW-AO9ng2PHuXSo-Bv8QDuYlovs25vr8kLkrrnAaNmt7yFtt4HaakZAEqZRW9sBCPN8JyAQFCjVj2WJyE12Y7VbIAF0EcWH6RHC1b_1kg/s1600/image047-761855.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3jLcm8jDAxBhYnGhq8FcTjex5Dkz7iOoHpGAW-AO9ng2PHuXSo-Bv8QDuYlovs25vr8kLkrrnAaNmt7yFtt4HaakZAEqZRW9sBCPN8JyAQFCjVj2WJyE12Y7VbIAF0EcWH6RHC1b_1kg/s400/image047-761855.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5968586180632878546&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1047&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203718&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;position:relative;top:7.0pt;mso-text-raise:-7.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1048&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:282pt;height:18.75pt&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image048.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEge0kUi1T4IDw6c53qyKaRpVhw_uwH0pOXwNNqP6h0osgsMi6O4Ycly941weTyL9W3ssYkyQhQxv-72aV4oDq-tAo2CF2U-hCBr09TAKj9g73SjPCBXBsDi596pdn-g9hB-0yFRRS1JDoA/s1600/image049-763705.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEge0kUi1T4IDw6c53qyKaRpVhw_uwH0pOXwNNqP6h0osgsMi6O4Ycly941weTyL9W3ssYkyQhQxv-72aV4oDq-tAo2CF2U-hCBr09TAKj9g73SjPCBXBsDi596pdn-g9hB-0yFRRS1JDoA/s400/image049-763705.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5968586190031483826&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1048&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203719&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;Consider&amp;nbsp; pore pressures &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;margin-left:335.75pt;text-indent:-335.75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;position:relative;top:7.0pt;mso-text-raise:-7.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1049&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:255.75pt;height:23.25pt&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image050.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDesu0A6TOq9GmWgA3spFjIvkOjJO7mm1g2sxK7mk3Xmg0enZ_XTtkYmdZnG1i-fsMHTrDFhZmlFl9gpAVQz_XaFvIhTLwkX3OkCtW8CH782qKmuzD_zlBdTj2w9DycXGOOewsLWbKHlA/s1600/image051-765937.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDesu0A6TOq9GmWgA3spFjIvkOjJO7mm1g2sxK7mk3Xmg0enZ_XTtkYmdZnG1i-fsMHTrDFhZmlFl9gpAVQz_XaFvIhTLwkX3OkCtW8CH782qKmuzD_zlBdTj2w9DycXGOOewsLWbKHlA/s400/image051-765937.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5968586199001320050&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1049&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203720&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;b&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;6.Assuming a reverse fault with its strike N50&lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt;E, the strength parameters of rock at a depth of 600 m before and after faulting are :qu=10MPa, &lt;span style=&#39;position:relative;top:5.0pt;mso-text-raise:-5.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1050&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:39pt;height:21.75pt&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image052.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDkfXNF_WjG7bgG5OWTCUZbrpPqcWGvU2KKk-q3H_CT5eM1orpBJQGoe5r3uvAPpE50VVCROAdlrHP4qF6-3NiiO4pPmrvJyxwKyJjf2XblVMSC79V93q_DjXodT8f3enmFDEG9Qb6C2c/s1600/image053-768011.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDkfXNF_WjG7bgG5OWTCUZbrpPqcWGvU2KKk-q3H_CT5eM1orpBJQGoe5r3uvAPpE50VVCROAdlrHP4qF6-3NiiO4pPmrvJyxwKyJjf2XblVMSC79V93q_DjXodT8f3enmFDEG9Qb6C2c/s400/image053-768011.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5968586208503994690&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1050&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203721&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;respectively. determine the orientation and magnitude of its maximum and minimum principle sresses before and after faulting, and estimate its dip at this fault.(density=27KN/m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;Sol:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;position:relative;top:40.0pt;mso-text-raise:-40.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1051&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:201pt;height:86.25pt&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image054.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXXnWxAHPSGnU3Mz95kt6EfUA-aYV5N1L4GLGr6Z9SmfXMKzQSmmaqFG95OHF1WAZLP7ui2oSELNtokaqB50o-DtRYdlEEjbLWYldmQYpBJu0RNMLkS58wcerncWJ4-clodRy6dU_do9A/s1600/image055-771234.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXXnWxAHPSGnU3Mz95kt6EfUA-aYV5N1L4GLGr6Z9SmfXMKzQSmmaqFG95OHF1WAZLP7ui2oSELNtokaqB50o-DtRYdlEEjbLWYldmQYpBJu0RNMLkS58wcerncWJ4-clodRy6dU_do9A/s400/image055-771234.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5968586222772568322&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1051&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203722&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;position:relative;top:14.0pt;mso-text-raise:-14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1052&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:120pt;height:33pt&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image056.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTAz0w-jQZJS0TQ80sVfyU-Xr-kg4hMXZZUTSgGN5epzCeTi7r9FSkzwHRhE8QifIQFnTXyfTmpD-1VA9agviQX_n7tV-sRmXnTh40KmbV8ZWZpcVgeZq-tyjfvGZkjAwuFGP0MHa3UQI/s1600/image057-773298.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTAz0w-jQZJS0TQ80sVfyU-Xr-kg4hMXZZUTSgGN5epzCeTi7r9FSkzwHRhE8QifIQFnTXyfTmpD-1VA9agviQX_n7tV-sRmXnTh40KmbV8ZWZpcVgeZq-tyjfvGZkjAwuFGP0MHa3UQI/s400/image057-773298.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5968586229576020034&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1052&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203723&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;斷層前&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;position:relative;top:27.0pt;mso-text-raise:-27.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1053&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:254.25pt;height:46.5pt&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image058.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghIMMpOzEFLWYUaC5ZNlIl-23AY-ISXEAvWnac2o8khMAdeBn9K9R67TgMLVE8QeZZKsZS7rvifBk0-OpnUgKhu6MOQAchTyyWiDkPfy0P_l6w05nABFYBsb8xkrQuH8OP0FWAK6nYWH4/s1600/image059-775331.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghIMMpOzEFLWYUaC5ZNlIl-23AY-ISXEAvWnac2o8khMAdeBn9K9R67TgMLVE8QeZZKsZS7rvifBk0-OpnUgKhu6MOQAchTyyWiDkPfy0P_l6w05nABFYBsb8xkrQuH8OP0FWAK6nYWH4/s400/image059-775331.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5968586238325036130&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1053&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203724&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;position:relative;top:14.0pt;mso-text-raise:-14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1054&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:285.75pt;height:33pt&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image060.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3iTssG_j1_vxQj3lPmpBr5bfqB5wS4t06zzHigqum3YABJf0z-ZGy-aWSmaaQZWK3nwaTKyuzAQfAPG3seNOspPjJYeER06ji0Ryt71_SZGLx39YpYUvJuyB1BHtXP7GLLFuCnUiDoH4/s1600/image061-777145.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3iTssG_j1_vxQj3lPmpBr5bfqB5wS4t06zzHigqum3YABJf0z-ZGy-aWSmaaQZWK3nwaTKyuzAQfAPG3seNOspPjJYeER06ji0Ryt71_SZGLx39YpYUvJuyB1BHtXP7GLLFuCnUiDoH4/s400/image061-777145.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5968586252846054178&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1054&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203725&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;position:relative;top:6.0pt;mso-text-raise:-6.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1055&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:123.75pt;height:18pt&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image062.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmb_Stx1oZ9YHdGSWF5chmUoSajkL9KXpSH00eEpCn3Y3UPh1jR1-WalYceBthgO88lVQ3exfHj7FgTnUwoIWpIJoGXVQUHRcF68bJ_5mYKfNU47j5q3iP3U40ZYImFoUwGPWkHTScNr4/s1600/image063-779394.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmb_Stx1oZ9YHdGSWF5chmUoSajkL9KXpSH00eEpCn3Y3UPh1jR1-WalYceBthgO88lVQ3exfHj7FgTnUwoIWpIJoGXVQUHRcF68bJ_5mYKfNU47j5q3iP3U40ZYImFoUwGPWkHTScNr4/s400/image063-779394.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5968586253561344658&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1055&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203726&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;position:relative;top:6.0pt;mso-text-raise:-6.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1056&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:141pt;height:18pt&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image064.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIoQ_zYuS5AuDHH5lcyf-OPuSJp_tlTCvOvtrwJsU8xb40C-3WPQy4UudkR6LKXRj0hjjPTkuvs2MKuC1UoZlncnihsBthI5-V9KHuhuFbNX649u_U_yDxSEflQ2__GZFtOn7d4faFxm8/s1600/image065-781427.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIoQ_zYuS5AuDHH5lcyf-OPuSJp_tlTCvOvtrwJsU8xb40C-3WPQy4UudkR6LKXRj0hjjPTkuvs2MKuC1UoZlncnihsBthI5-V9KHuhuFbNX649u_U_yDxSEflQ2__GZFtOn7d4faFxm8/s400/image065-781427.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5968586262191659666&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1056&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203727&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;正斷層&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;position:relative;top:6.0pt;mso-text-raise:-6.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1057&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:132.75pt;height:18pt&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image066.wmz@01CF111A.CDF2D860&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9kp_XjvHsunNgImdXs_Cqq41hnQJn2qiiACJ5fM14Wy4T5GYm0ZxlKy6_7mOTAWo3utF7BnTOdgeMQSiqdwDMiu6HPbuPcnwZvKAcu1yFFn9GwwsBZaxtIc0eNcEou7X-x-Nik9659Vw/s1600/image067-783457.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img 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ProgID=&quot;Equation.DSMT4&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1063&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1451203734&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;7.with coupling of the normal deformation and shear deformation and dilatancy laws for rough joints,predict the path dependency doring a direct shaer test with no dilatancy&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;Sol:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;a 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&amp;amp; their applicarion.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;Sol:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;RMR:Bieniawski&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;南非評分法&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoListParagraph style=&#39;margin-left:18.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd;text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1&#39;&gt;&lt;![if !supportLists]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;mso-list:Ignore&#39;&gt;1.&lt;span style=&#39;font:7.0pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;&#39;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;岩石材料強度&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt; +15&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoListParagraph 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width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-6980798740894963692</id><published>2013-11-13T00:54:00.001-08:00</published><updated>2013-11-13T00:54:11.899-08:00</updated><title type='text'>326期工程報導電子報</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMfZZFttWnh3rQuSr11U9N1R2nCJGr4o_lGn37uDhjPnRFgBfs0pIcoM18qdNniuoIXEa0QQYmk2GHohmlhuB3eS6ev-lBzA3hjYjdsDGfzu9wx6uwE-4SUtAXk88Z1qSgCL1MnD6NHt4/s1600/image001-751900.gif&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMfZZFttWnh3rQuSr11U9N1R2nCJGr4o_lGn37uDhjPnRFgBfs0pIcoM18qdNniuoIXEa0QQYmk2GHohmlhuB3eS6ev-lBzA3hjYjdsDGfzu9wx6uwE-4SUtAXk88Z1qSgCL1MnD6NHt4/s400/image001-751900.gif&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5945664330100152466&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=WordSection1&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=800 style=&#39;width:600.0pt;background:white&#39;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;&#39;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhceC034cFOiOW2UcCsvdQ14BRH5piRqeikQxiEYz9ikYdP9orMeQrddHH_hdrd50rdiEdDzS-4Q7YaYvlkJrI5fk0toHglYR8wEwXc6HvEREMV8XwzVgWRxo3RzvqA_1NWN5mYz0ayKv4/s1600/image002-753950.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhceC034cFOiOW2UcCsvdQ14BRH5piRqeikQxiEYz9ikYdP9orMeQrddHH_hdrd50rdiEdDzS-4Q7YaYvlkJrI5fk0toHglYR8wEwXc6HvEREMV8XwzVgWRxo3RzvqA_1NWN5mYz0ayKv4/s400/image002-753950.jpg&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; 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href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/02100.aspx&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;新細明體&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;color:white;text-decoration:none&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;訊息公告&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; │ &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/04000.aspx&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;新細明體&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;color:white;text-decoration:none&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;專案介紹&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; │ &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/05001.aspx&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;新細明體&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;color:white;text-decoration:none&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;專題報導&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; │ &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/06000.aspx&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;新細明體&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;color:white;text-decoration:none&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;政府資訊&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; │ &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/07100.aspx&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;新細明體&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;color:white;text-decoration:none&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;出版品&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; │ &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/08100.aspx&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;新細明體&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;color:white;text-decoration:none&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;下載專區&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; │ &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/09100.aspx&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;新細明體&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;color:white;text-decoration:none&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;網網相連&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; │ &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/10100.aspx&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;新細明體&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;color:white;text-decoration:none&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;討論園地&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm&#39;&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;80%&quot; style=&#39;width:80.0%&#39;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#993300&#39;&gt;【&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#993300&#39;&gt;326&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#993300&#39;&gt;期工程報導電子報】　發行日期：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#993300&#39;&gt;2013/11/13&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US 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src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5WTCpxFgILhVS8fN6Q4W7Kl1JH6f0CmoTKddna5XKZUTtlia5XV6vo7sqrUBtwbuS1tyFNKoYNOuyjFoP9b6FUmRVmqIzJPDC96vzM4L76707o85Ig65XmCXjYH3BzfpOM88QhdxLdv0/s400/image003-756719.gif&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5945664349049764498&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width=685 style=&#39;width:513.75pt;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;height:11.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#FF3300&#39;&gt;交通部葉部長視察花東鐵路電氣化工地實際瞭解執行進度，並特別提醒施工安全&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US 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style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#FF3300&#39;&gt;詩人余光中新作發表增添光采&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#FF3300&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&#39;margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;display:none&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;95%&quot; style=&#39;width:95.0%&#39;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&#39;height:9.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;td valign=bottom style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 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href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibloaIJv6tx-GUITXqDytmllSTs5rdsMokCzMPjyT7qz_8y_NWh5n-mv1LJxad7IiUKIBndPXA4G-aJrOlJJh_c-xAhcAd0LXfog_9WaNIjheF0UWEwAXILwGo_TmP4MMpQbvrYTr53NE/s1600/image006-763813.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibloaIJv6tx-GUITXqDytmllSTs5rdsMokCzMPjyT7qz_8y_NWh5n-mv1LJxad7IiUKIBndPXA4G-aJrOlJJh_c-xAhcAd0LXfog_9WaNIjheF0UWEwAXILwGo_TmP4MMpQbvrYTr53NE/s400/image006-763813.jpg&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5945664379149711778&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20131108_143336.85185.jpg&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;　（本刊訊）交通部鐵路改建工程局運用舊高雄車站帝冠式站體，設置國內首座鐵路地下化工程展示館，於本（&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;102&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;）年&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;11&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;月&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;日晚間由交通部陳政務次長純敬、詩人余光中、高雄市政府對劉副市長、中央與地方民意代表及鐵工局周局長永暉等共同主持開幕儀式，並由余光中教授朗誦他為本展館所創作的詩文「記憶深長」，同時邀請高雄市管樂團演出多首樂章，讓與會來賓與市民共同參與這場詩、音樂、鐵道文化的饗宴，度過一個兼具知性與感性的美好週末夜晚。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;　展示館內規劃有&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;個展示區，分別為（&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;）前世風貌【鐵路歷史圖片】（&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;）靜態展示【實體鐵路文物】（&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;）高雄都會區鐵路地下化【以空拍照介紹高雄計畫】（&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;）今生風華【百年鐵路故事】（&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;）萬千風采【鐵路的過去、現在及未來由&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;120&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;吋觸控螢幕互動展示】（&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;）眼明手快【互動記憶拼圖】（&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;）特殊工法等展區【鐵路地下化施工中&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;個特殊工法】，鐵工局希望藉由鐵路建設演進與高雄都市發展依存關係，讓民眾對於過去歷史與未來願景產生連結，並利用&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;3D&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;虛擬實境技術，以互動遊戲方式加深民眾印象，一窺鐵路地下化的未來藍圖。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm&#39;&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;95%&quot; style=&#39;width:95.0%&#39;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;line-height:17.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20131113_135752.89736.jpg&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;圖片_x0020_4&quot; o:spid=&quot;_x0000_s1027&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; alt=&quot;描述: 余光中教授為本展館創作詩文「記憶深長」&quot; href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20131113_135752.89736.jpg&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; 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href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7GB2HTo2ESOWOFp3YCMI0AIrK79jR5geOz96sDhCdMrmfQ_E1axJyklPF87JGL6G9SBdd8UPJydEMwVY4qLU0C31jDniW7qUzgjgqtvZ-HP0iHx1U_14ge3kVFO598Q12HN2-4yco6ho/s1600/image007-765976.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7GB2HTo2ESOWOFp3YCMI0AIrK79jR5geOz96sDhCdMrmfQ_E1axJyklPF87JGL6G9SBdd8UPJydEMwVY4qLU0C31jDniW7qUzgjgqtvZ-HP0iHx1U_14ge3kVFO598Q12HN2-4yco6ho/s400/image007-765976.jpg&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5945664388045364946&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20131113_135752.89736.jpg&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;　余光中教授為本展館創作詩文「記憶深長」&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;【記憶像鐵軌一樣長，像山線的隧道一樣深，像海線的窗景一樣遠，車站有短靠也有長靠，月台有長亭也有短亭，&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;揮手有送別也有歡迎，便當有排骨和黃蘿蔔&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;，點心有鳳梨酥和太陽餅，&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;到站會重重喘一口氣，出發會筋骨一下子抽緊，&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;一聲長嘯拖一道黑煙，&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;枕木在風火輪下呻吟，未來的鐵軌當更快捷，一票就貫通地下的關節，但南來北去的趁客啊，誰會忘記從前趁車多趁心】，充分表達車站與乘客之情感。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;　周局長表示，都市跟鐵路建設是發展的一體兩面，高雄鐵路地下化的&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;個車站像是&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;顆珍珠一樣，利用鐵路將他們串起來，變成&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;個亮點，並且將&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;個藝文展館（美術館及科工館）跟車站做結合，讓車站變成生活的驛站，能夠滿足所有的需求，展示館的啟用，也象徵著鐵路改建工程的求新求變、誠摯歡迎民眾及各界團體前往參觀，並期許持續充實館場內容及週邊環境成為大高雄新休憩景點。（李懷谷）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;＊相關參觀辦法請電洽鐵工局南工處&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;(07)3123656&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;轉&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;11&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;＊展示館地址：高雄市建國路高雄火車站旁&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;&#39;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&#39;height:32.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;td valign=bottom style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:32.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;95%&quot; style=&#39;width:95.0%&#39;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&#39;margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;display:none&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;95%&quot; style=&#39;width:95.0%&#39;&gt;&lt;tr style=&#39;height:11.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;td width=35 style=&#39;width:26.25pt;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;height:11.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width=11 style=&#39;width:8.25pt;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;height:11.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;mso-line-height-alt:11.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;&#39;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5WTCpxFgILhVS8fN6Q4W7Kl1JH6f0CmoTKddna5XKZUTtlia5XV6vo7sqrUBtwbuS1tyFNKoYNOuyjFoP9b6FUmRVmqIzJPDC96vzM4L76707o85Ig65XmCXjYH3BzfpOM88QhdxLdv0/s1600/image003-756719.gif&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5WTCpxFgILhVS8fN6Q4W7Kl1JH6f0CmoTKddna5XKZUTtlia5XV6vo7sqrUBtwbuS1tyFNKoYNOuyjFoP9b6FUmRVmqIzJPDC96vzM4L76707o85Ig65XmCXjYH3BzfpOM88QhdxLdv0/s400/image003-756719.gif&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5945664349049764498&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width=685 style=&#39;width:513.75pt;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;height:11.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#FF3300&#39;&gt;為協商花蓮車站建照核發，本局周局長拜會傅縣長說明新站建設需要地方支持&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#FF3300&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&#39;margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;display:none&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;95%&quot; style=&#39;width:95.0%&#39;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&#39;height:9.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;td valign=bottom style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;mso-line-height-alt:9.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;&#39;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6EagGS5AUhMq3hyphenhyphen0yFqBSZYEIbRxNogE3NaU3uLHBU3Ft3uvOFxBsSxHt7zTg_YmEcnczcULIosqD8wLakE4v4UmCPGQalRWvukqdHiJ7Qxg2r0aDnD7zm4z93xvN7glZGBkHrsmRJKw/s1600/image004-758809.gif&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6EagGS5AUhMq3hyphenhyphen0yFqBSZYEIbRxNogE3NaU3uLHBU3Ft3uvOFxBsSxHt7zTg_YmEcnczcULIosqD8wLakE4v4UmCPGQalRWvukqdHiJ7Qxg2r0aDnD7zm4z93xvN7glZGBkHrsmRJKw/s400/image004-758809.gif&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5945664357333679266&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm&#39;&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;95%&quot; style=&#39;width:95.0%&#39;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;line-height:17.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;　（本刊訊）花蓮新車站建築執照於&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;101&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;年&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;月&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;18&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;日向花蓮縣政府提出申請，工程遲遲無法開工。本局周局長於&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;102&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;年&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;月&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;15&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;日率同本局東工處主管拜會花蓮縣傅縣長，雙方就花蓮新站申請建築執照問題交換意見。花蓮縣政府遂於&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;102&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;年&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;月&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;日函復同意花蓮車站多目標使用，為期「花東線鐵路整體服務效能提升計畫」之推動，屬於花東第一站的花蓮車站更扮演引領花東地區經濟發展的角色，是中央與地方共同關注之重大建設，&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;目前&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;28&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;座車站中，僅剩志學及花蓮兩站尚未取得建築執照，已影響本計畫推動。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;　有鑑於現有花蓮車站完工啟用已達&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;年，進出站旅客共用同一條地下通道，隨著旅客量逐年成長，相關旅運空間漸趨飽和，無障礙設施亦不足，急待更新改善；目前規劃新建之花蓮新車站是一座嶄新的現代化車站，除可徹底解決目前各種不便外，站內更新增「自行車服務」、「旅遊資訊服務」、「農特產品展售服務」、「網路&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;化服務」、「餐旅服務」等五項功能設施，另為彰顯花蓮人文底蘊，還特別邀請名書法家董陽孜大師為花蓮車站題字、名畫家林惺嶽大師贈畫複製於站內，足見中央對於花蓮建設發展之用心，冀望縣府加速審查核發建照，讓建設美好花蓮之願景早日實現。（謝立德）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;&#39;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&#39;height:32.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;td valign=bottom style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:32.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;95%&quot; style=&#39;width:95.0%&#39;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&#39;margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;display:none&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;95%&quot; style=&#39;width:95.0%&#39;&gt;&lt;tr style=&#39;height:11.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;td width=35 style=&#39;width:26.25pt;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;height:11.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width=11 style=&#39;width:8.25pt;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;height:11.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;mso-line-height-alt:11.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;&#39;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5WTCpxFgILhVS8fN6Q4W7Kl1JH6f0CmoTKddna5XKZUTtlia5XV6vo7sqrUBtwbuS1tyFNKoYNOuyjFoP9b6FUmRVmqIzJPDC96vzM4L76707o85Ig65XmCXjYH3BzfpOM88QhdxLdv0/s1600/image003-756719.gif&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5WTCpxFgILhVS8fN6Q4W7Kl1JH6f0CmoTKddna5XKZUTtlia5XV6vo7sqrUBtwbuS1tyFNKoYNOuyjFoP9b6FUmRVmqIzJPDC96vzM4L76707o85Ig65XmCXjYH3BzfpOM88QhdxLdv0/s400/image003-756719.gif&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5945664349049764498&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width=685 style=&#39;width:513.75pt;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;height:11.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#FF3300&#39;&gt;「交通部鐵路改建工程局&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#FF3300&#39;&gt;102&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#FF3300&#39;&gt;年工程施工防災演習」&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#FF3300&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&#39;margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;display:none&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;95%&quot; style=&#39;width:95.0%&#39;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&#39;height:9.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;td valign=bottom style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;mso-line-height-alt:9.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;&#39;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6EagGS5AUhMq3hyphenhyphen0yFqBSZYEIbRxNogE3NaU3uLHBU3Ft3uvOFxBsSxHt7zTg_YmEcnczcULIosqD8wLakE4v4UmCPGQalRWvukqdHiJ7Qxg2r0aDnD7zm4z93xvN7glZGBkHrsmRJKw/s1600/image004-758809.gif&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6EagGS5AUhMq3hyphenhyphen0yFqBSZYEIbRxNogE3NaU3uLHBU3Ft3uvOFxBsSxHt7zTg_YmEcnczcULIosqD8wLakE4v4UmCPGQalRWvukqdHiJ7Qxg2r0aDnD7zm4z93xvN7glZGBkHrsmRJKw/s400/image004-758809.gif&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5945664357333679266&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm&#39;&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;95%&quot; style=&#39;width:95.0%&#39;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;line-height:17.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20131108_100638.32055.jpg&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;圖片_x0020_5&quot; o:spid=&quot;_x0000_s1026&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; alt=&quot;描述: 演習狀況：119救護車運送傷患赴醫院治療&quot; href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20131108_100638.32055.jpg&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; style=&#39;position:absolute;margin-left:0;margin-top:0;width:240pt;height:159.75pt;z-index:251661312;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-width-percent:0;mso-height-percent:0;mso-wrap-distance-left:0;mso-wrap-distance-top:0;mso-wrap-distance-right:0;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:0;mso-position-horizontal:left;mso-position-horizontal-relative:text;mso-position-vertical:absolute;mso-position-vertical-relative:line;mso-width-percent:0;mso-height-percent:0;mso-width-relative:page;mso-height-relative:page&#39; o:allowoverlap=&quot;f&quot; o:button=&quot;t&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image008.jpg@01CEE090.F5EBD930&quot; o:title=&quot;演習狀況：119救護車運送傷患赴醫院治療&quot; /&gt;  &lt;w:wrap type=&quot;square&quot; anchory=&quot;line&quot;/&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20131108_100638.32055.jpg&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhl7d-NKG22qcX7pb0i-Fn9Cp3Z-7gsdc-gMeco-_Rssj6anEY-i91AzYYmW2saUZZMVkXb-IP2TAsFPMb0XOMh6dfdghpDOwowgONHu5Rp_Ib4nmpBYsJc2S1TSkK3anBl27uZ-Z-WyKs/s1600/image008-768057.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhl7d-NKG22qcX7pb0i-Fn9Cp3Z-7gsdc-gMeco-_Rssj6anEY-i91AzYYmW2saUZZMVkXb-IP2TAsFPMb0XOMh6dfdghpDOwowgONHu5Rp_Ib4nmpBYsJc2S1TSkK3anBl27uZ-Z-WyKs/s400/image008-768057.jpg&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5945664394975941698&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20131108_100638.32055.jpg&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;　本局南工處&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;102&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;年工程施工防災演習，於高雄市苓雅區樂仁路&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;146&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;巷底（本局&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;CL312/CL371&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;標大順路段臺鐵鐵路地下化工程）辦理實地演練如期舉行，圓滿落幕。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;　本局南工處&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;102&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;年&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;月&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;26&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;日上午舉辦「交通部鐵路改建工程局&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;102&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;年施工防災演習」，於高雄市苓雅區樂仁路&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;146&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;巷底（本局&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;CL312/CL371&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;標大順路段臺鐵鐵路地下化工程）辦理，彭家德處長率南工處同仁、林同棪工程顧問股份有限公司吳喬培經理、聯鋼營造工程有限公司范陳柏董事長等多人參與演習，另交通部交通動員委員會、交通部運輸研究所、中央氣象局、臺灣鐵路管理局、公路總局、郵政總局、高雄市政府消防局、桃園國際機場公司等&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;200&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;多位貴賓蒞會參與。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;　本次演習依據災害防救法及鐵工局災害防救作業程序辦理；目的為遵照行政院災害防救法及有關規定，檢查本單位防災整備，測驗緊急狀況應變指揮系統及防護能力，使人人嫻熟防救災害技能、協調聯絡，俾有效運用當地救災及醫療資源，以減少損失，確保人員及設施安全。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;　本次防災演習構想為模擬&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;CL312/CL371&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;標大順路段臺鐵鐵路地下化工程明挖覆蓋隧道工程作業、工地災害處理及工安事故等緊急狀況，防災演習下列三個狀況：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;狀況一：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;　人員墜落受傷：工區一部起重機進行模板吊運作業，因操作不慎造成吊運物撞擊到施工架，導致施工架上人員墜落受傷，立即封閉現場管制及調動緊急應變小組展開搶救工作。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;1.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;吊運作業立即停止。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;2.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;吊運作業附近區域封閉，現場管制非必要人員進入。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;3.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;承包商現場工程師通報工地主任，請求派員至現場加強警戒並調動緊急應變小組搶救施以初步急救包紮等措施，同時通知醫院救護車前來救援送醫。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;4.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;通報監造單位、南部工程處第五工程段、鐵路改建工程局南部工程處勞安室&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;視實際情況通報鐵工局勞安室&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;5.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;清點作業人員人數及傷患後送，聯絡家屬並回報傷患狀況；派員探視傷患及慰問陪伴家屬。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;6.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;事故原因檢討作成紀錄，施工架作業點全面停工檢查，待安全無慮後繼續施工。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;狀況二：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;　連續壁滲水及狀況：工區鄰軌側發現連續壁滲水，為防止可能危及鐵路行車安全，立即進行砂包堵漏及採取灌漿止漏、擋土支撐檢查防止災情擴大，並立即封閉現場管制及調動緊急應變小組人員、施工機具展開搶救及通報演練。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;1.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;工作面停止施工。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;2.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;工地及附近區域封閉現場管制非必要人員進入。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;3.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;承包商現場工程師吊運砂包堵漏、調動機具灌漿止漏，同時通知監測人員注意監測軌道及鄰房變化情形。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;4.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;通報工地主任、監造單位、南部工程處第五工程段、鐵路改建工程局南部工程處勞安室&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;視實際情況通報鐵工局勞安室&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;；必要時通知臺鐵局作列車慢行或路線封鎖等措施。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;5.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;檢討事故原因作成紀錄及加強防範措施，安全無慮後繼續施工。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;狀況三：&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;　人員感電及侵入鐵路安全淨空：工區一部起重機吊運&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;型鋼，吊運時因瞬間風速過大，造成吊舉物偏移，被台鐵電車線吸引，導致操作人員感電受傷及吊舉物侵入鐵路安全淨空，立即封閉現場管制及調動緊急應變小組展開搶救工作。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;1.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;施工現場立即停止作業，區域封閉，管制非必要人員進入。承包商現場工程師通知台鐵路線封鎖及斷電後，確認斷電並隨進行接地工作，協助人員疏散至空曠處。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;2.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;承包商現場工程師通報工地主任，請求派員至現場加強警戒並調動緊急應變小組搶救施以初步急救包紮等措施，同時通知醫院救護車前來救援送醫。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;3.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;通報監造單位、南部工程處第五工程段、鐵路改建工程局南部工程處勞安室&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;視實際情況通報鐵工局勞安室&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;4.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;傷患後送，聯絡家屬並回報傷患狀況；並派員探視傷患及慰問陪伴家屬。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;5.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;事故原因檢討作成紀錄及加強防範措施，工地檢視安全無慮後，狀況解除、繼續施工。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;　結合工程特性實施演練，期能有效發揮基層單位應變能力，由鐵路改建工程局南部工程處負責執行全盤災害演習任務，並整合監造單位林同棪工程顧問股份有限公司高雄鐵路地下化&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;第二標&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;監造工程處、承包商聯鋼營造工程有限公司、高雄市政府消防局等單位協助擔任防救演習現場作業。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;　工程防災演練由高司作業（演練影片撥放）及實際操練，高雄市消防局支援救護車，演練過程十分緊湊逼真，獲得在場觀摩長官及貴賓一致好評。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;　感電事故、人員墜落受傷及連續壁滲水為鐵路沿線施工高風險工項，由工程段及監造單位協助承包商建立事故之施工安全規範及標準作業程序，由工程段及監造單位協助承包商處理外，鐵工局並對事件發生原因召開檢討會，研訂防範措施，以避免類似情形再度發生。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;　南工處工程皆緊鄰臺鐵路線旁，在以往之工程經驗中，發生災害的類型及規模不僅止於本次演習項目，綜合以往之經驗，本局與臺鐵局聯繫密不可分，同仁及承商務必熟練相關作業程序及應變措施，畢竟施工災害除影響臺鐵行車安全及造成旅客不便外，對政府服務品質形象傷害是更難以彌補的，願所有工作人員均能兢兢業業的工作避免施工災害發生。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;color:#555555&#39;&gt;林登祥&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:11.5pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#555555&#39;&gt;)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;background:white;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm&#39;&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;95%&quot; 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href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/6980798740894963692'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2013/11/326.html' title='326期工程報導電子報'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMfZZFttWnh3rQuSr11U9N1R2nCJGr4o_lGn37uDhjPnRFgBfs0pIcoM18qdNniuoIXEa0QQYmk2GHohmlhuB3eS6ev-lBzA3hjYjdsDGfzu9wx6uwE-4SUtAXk88Z1qSgCL1MnD6NHt4/s72-c/image001-751900.gif" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-656993330045082190</id><published>2013-08-28T18:16:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2013-08-28T18:16:10.788-07:00</updated><title type='text'>反台南鐵路東移 居民佔領市長室</title><content type='html'>交通部鐵路改建工程局 &lt;br&gt;規劃組  鄭佳邦啟&lt;br&gt;(02)89691900分機1941&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;-----Original Message-----&lt;br&gt;From: 勞安室緊急通報應變公用帳號 [mailto:&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:shm_emerg@rrb.gov.tw&quot;&gt;shm_emerg@rrb.gov.tw&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;br&gt;Sent: Thursday, August 29, 2013 8:11 AM&lt;br&gt;To: 鄭佳邦&lt;br&gt;Subject: 反台南鐵路東移 居民佔領市長室&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;2013/08/27 苦勞報導&lt;br&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.coolloud.org.tw/tag/%E8%8B%A6%E5%8B%9E%E5%A0%B1%E5%B0%8E&quot;&gt;http://www.coolloud.org.tw/tag/%E8%8B%A6%E5%8B%9E%E5%A0%B1%E5%B0%8E&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;反台南鐵路東移 居民佔領市長室 &lt;br&gt;訴求召開聽證會 下週一前要回覆&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;王顥中 &amp;lt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.coolloud.org.tw/tag/%E7%8E%8B%E9%A1%A5%E4%B8%AD&quot;&gt;http://www.coolloud.org.tw/tag/%E7%8E%8B%E9%A1%A5%E4%B8%AD&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;  苦勞網&lt;br&gt;記者&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;責任主編：孫窮理&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;居民佔領市長辦公室要求賴清德出面承諾召開聽證會。（攝影；王顥中）&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;全台各地「佔領」政府機關的抗爭持續延燒，反台南鐵路東移自救會今天（8/27）下午&lt;br&gt;要求台南市政府就鐵路東移徵地爭議召開聽證會未果，近50人一度佔領市長辦公室，要&lt;br&gt;求出外跑行程的市長賴清德回辦公室當面對話。直到5點半公務員下班時間，自救會宣&lt;br&gt;佈再給市府一週時間，下週一（9/2）下午5點之前，市府必須對「聽證會」相關的時&lt;br&gt;間、地點、程序作出清楚的說明，否則將再度佔領市府，發起更激烈的行動。&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;深夜聽聞會議訊息 自救會緊急動員&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;南市府今天下午原預計召開都委大會審查鐵路地下化計畫。然而反台南鐵路東移自救會&lt;br&gt;上午至市府抗議該場會議沒通知居民參與、違反程序正義，並主張暫緩，要求市府先依&lt;br&gt;《行政程序法》召開具法律授權之聽證會，確保居民意見能被妥善處理。&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;協助自救會的成大學生張皓鈞表示，居民是在前一天深夜才臨時自己打聽到會議消息，&lt;br&gt;市府根本沒有主動聯絡通知。上午自救會成員緊急動員到市府要求暫緩會議，質疑市府&lt;br&gt;的會議程序大有問題。居民鄭椅發質疑，2009年行政院核定之鐵路地下化版本都無需東&lt;br&gt;移，「工程技術難道是退步了？如果市府不是心理有鬼，為何要偷偷開會不讓居民知&lt;br&gt;道？」&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;台灣農村陣線成員許博任也南下表達聲援，間接破解了過去以「藍綠鬥爭」來框定農陣&lt;br&gt;支援大埔抗爭動機的部份媒體名嘴。許博任指出，現在連中央內政部的都委會都會在前&lt;br&gt;一週就通知相關居民與會，台南這次竟然試圖搞黑箱會議被抓包，簡直是跟劉政鴻一樣&lt;br&gt;粗暴。許博任強調，就目前的狀況「南鐵案就是南方版的大埔」，兩者都是「不當、非&lt;br&gt;必要，且非最後手段的土地徵收」，批評賴清德「好的不學學壞的，竟去學到劉政&lt;br&gt;鴻」。&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;會議暫緩 聽證會開不開仍未可知&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;在居民抗議下，市府緊急將下午的會議喊卡，市府副秘書長劉建忻出面接受陳情，但對&lt;br&gt;於「聽證會」的訴求則不願作回應，劉建忻說，過去在南鐵案專案小組會議中已經讓居&lt;br&gt;民表達過意見，都有會議記錄，之後再召開都委大會也會邀請居民參與；但此一回應立&lt;br&gt;刻遭居民反駁，指過去參與的會議「連會議記錄都不公開」，根本無法達到雙向溝通或&lt;br&gt;細節辯論，且居民的發言也沒有法律地位。許博任表示，唯有依照《行政程序法》召開&lt;br&gt;聽證會，正反雙方有真實陳述的義務，同時也有正式的法律效力，才能解決問題。然&lt;br&gt;而，聽證會究竟開或不開，劉建忻矢口不願正面答覆，只是不斷再三重複，「未來的都&lt;br&gt;委會將邀請居民參與」。&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;經過幾番往來對話沒有交集的僵持，自救會決定轉往市府2樓的市長辦公室。不過由於&lt;br&gt;賴清德正出外跑行程，自救會只能在辦公室苦候。從前晚接到會議訊息到緊急動員，一&lt;br&gt;切都是突如其來，自救會約在下午5點半決定暫時撤回行動，調整抗爭節奏，回去為未&lt;br&gt;來的抗爭預作準備。他們要求市府必須在下週一（9/2）下午5點前，對「聽證會」相關&lt;br&gt;的時間、地點與程序作出清楚的說明，否則將再度回到市府發起更激烈的行動。&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;政治的，太政治的&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;前台南市議員、現任市府秘書處處長蕭博仁（圖中），在行動尾聲出面做出「承諾」。&lt;br&gt;（攝影：王顥中）&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;行動尾聲，市府秘書處處長蕭博仁忽然邀集媒體與自救會，作勢提出承諾，他說「我願&lt;br&gt;意承諾各位兩點：第一、沒有『黑箱』的問題，因為未來再有都委會，一定邀請居民參&lt;br&gt;加；第二、我一定會在下週一前向市長轉達各位的訴求（指召開聽證會）。」&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;正是因為自救會「召開聽證會」的訴求在現場沒能得到回應，市長「出外跑行程」、相&lt;br&gt;關單位（都發局）又不願出面回應，自救會才決定再給市府一週時間，同時也整頓自己&lt;br&gt;的抗爭隊伍。然而，這位曾擔任兩屆台南市議員的秘書處處長，臉上堆滿了誠懇，嘴裡&lt;br&gt;念著的卻是一下午重複講過的事情。&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;「會議應通知相關當事人出席，這是法定程序，有什麼好拿出來說嘴的？」現場馬上有&lt;br&gt;人出聲質疑他的第一項「承諾」；而「週一前答覆是否召開聽證會」的訴求，也被「承&lt;br&gt;諾」巧妙地置換成「週一前會向市長轉達」。&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;除了這兩項其實沒什麼承諾的承諾外，蕭博仁後面發言的焦點則轉向《土徵條例》的修&lt;br&gt;法，強調現行法令「沒有舉辦聽證會之規定」；然而，針對縣府可以依照《行政程序&lt;br&gt;法》主動召開聽證會一事，蕭博仁也沒有否認，但相較於劉建忻，他顯然深黯更為高明&lt;br&gt;的說服藝術，他說「如果《土徵條例》以後修法通過了，對聽證會的要求比現在還更嚴&lt;br&gt;謹，那不是更好嗎？」&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;張皓鈞質疑，大家支持修法，但是否緩不濟急，眼前的個案問題該怎麼解決、如果在修&lt;br&gt;法完成前南鐵案就執行了呢？許博任則追問市府是否同意修法前先暫緩程序，待修法完&lt;br&gt;成後再啟動。這時候蕭博仁則澄清，南鐵案並非他的職權範圍，所以無法回答，「我是&lt;br&gt;覺得鄉親很辛苦，而且大家以前也都是支持我的選民，所以熱心越權來多幫這件忙」。&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;令人好奇的是，究竟為何南市府因應自救會抗爭，竟沒有一個主責機關願意出面回應，&lt;br&gt;而只能靠一個權責其實都不在他身上的人出來「多幫這個忙」。而他所承諾的，其實也&lt;br&gt;只是「會盡力往上面傳達」。至於究竟是否召開聽證會、修法前是否暫緩程序，蕭博仁&lt;br&gt;笑笑地說「如果傳達有結果，這個答案不要由我來說，由市長來說不是更好嗎？」&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;南市府深夜傳出將審議鐵路地下化案，在自救會的緊急動員抗議下，都審會同意會議暫&lt;br&gt;緩召開。（攝影：王顥中）南市府深夜傳出將審議鐵路地下化案，在自救會的緊急動員&lt;br&gt;抗議下，都審會同意會議暫緩召開。（攝影：王顥中）台灣農村陣線許博任（右）與南&lt;br&gt;市府副秘書長劉建忻（左）爭執有關「聽證會」法律程序問題。（攝影：王顥中）由於&lt;br&gt;劉建忻不願正面回應是否召開聽證會，自救會一聲令下「走，去2樓找市長！」（攝&lt;br&gt;影：王顥中）居民湧入市長辦公室。（攝影：王顥中）</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/feeds/656993330045082190/comments/default' title='張貼留言'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2013/08/blog-post.html#comment-form' title='0 個意見'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/656993330045082190'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/656993330045082190'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2013/08/blog-post.html' title='反台南鐵路東移 居民佔領市長室'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-4986525664709259967</id><published>2013-07-28T23:32:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2013-07-28T23:32:53.369-07:00</updated><title type='text'>你受得了何種委屈，決定﻿你能成為何等人物</title><content type='html'>你悟出道理了嗎&lt;br&gt;	&lt;br&gt;	一天，一個小和尚跑過來，請教禪師：&amp;quot;師父，我人生最大的價值是什麼呢？&amp;quot;禪師說：&amp;quot;你到後花園搬一塊大石頭，拿到菜市場上去賣，假如有人問價，你不要講話，只伸出兩個指頭；假如他跟你還價，你不要賣，抱回來，師父告訴你，你人生最大的價值是什麼。&amp;quot;&lt;br&gt;	　　&lt;br&gt;	第二天一大早，小和尚抱塊大石頭，到菜市場上去賣。菜市場上人來人往，人們很好奇，一家庭主婦走了過來，問：&amp;quot;石頭多少錢賣呀？&amp;quot;和尚伸出了兩個指頭，主婦說：&amp;quot;2元錢？&amp;quot;和尚搖搖頭，家庭主婦說：&amp;quot;那麼是20元？好吧，好吧！我剛好拿回去壓酸菜。&amp;quot;小和尚聽到：&amp;quot;我的媽呀，一文不值的石頭居然有人出20元錢來買！我們山上有的是呢！&amp;quot;&lt;br&gt;	於是，小和尚沒有賣，樂呵呵地去見師父：&amp;quot;師父，今天有一個家庭主婦願意出20元錢，買我的石頭。師父，您現在可以告訴我，我人生最大的價值是什麼了嗎？&amp;quot;禪師說：&amp;quot;嗯，不急，你明天一早，再把這塊石頭拿到博物館去，假如有人問價，你依然伸出兩個指頭；如果他還價，你不要賣，再抱回來，我們再談。&amp;quot;&lt;br&gt;	　　&lt;br&gt;	第二天早上，在博物館裏，一群好奇的人圍觀，竊竊私語：&amp;quot;一塊普通的石頭，有什麼價值擺在博物館裏呢？&amp;quot;&amp;quot;既然這塊石頭擺在博物館裏，那一定有它的價值，只是我們還不知道而已。&amp;quot;這時，有一個人從人群中竄出來，沖著小和尚大聲說：&amp;quot;小和尚，你這塊石頭多少錢賣啊？&amp;quot;小和尚沒出聲，伸出兩個指頭，那個人說：&amp;quot;200元？&amp;quot;小和尚搖了搖頭，那個人說：&amp;quot;2000元就2000元吧，剛好我要用它雕刻一尊神像。&amp;quot;小和尚聽到這裏，倒退了一步，非常驚訝！&lt;br&gt;	他依然遵照師傅的囑託，把這塊石頭抱回了山上，去見師傅：&amp;quot;師傅，今天有人要出2000元買我這塊石頭，這回您總要告訴我，我人生最大的價值是什麼了吧？&amp;quot;禪師哈哈大笑說：&amp;quot;你明天再把這塊石頭拿到古董店去賣，照例有人還價，你就把它抱回來。這一次，師傅一定告訴你，你人生最大的價值是什麼。&amp;quot;&lt;br&gt;	　　&lt;br&gt;	第三天一早，小和尚又抱著那塊大石頭來到了古董店，依然有一些人圍觀，有一些人談論：&amp;quot;這是什麼石頭啊？在哪兒出土的呢？是哪個朝代的呀？是做什麼用的呢？&amp;quot;終於有一個人過來問價：&amp;quot;小和尚，你這塊石頭多少錢賣啊？&amp;quot;小和尚依然不聲不語，伸出了兩個指頭。&amp;quot;20000元？&amp;quot;小和尚睜大眼睛，張大嘴巴，驚訝地大叫一聲：&amp;quot;啊？！&amp;quot;那位客人以為自己出價太低，氣壞了小和尚，立刻糾正說：&amp;quot;不！不！不！我說錯了，我是要給你200000元！&amp;quot; &amp;quot;200000元！&amp;quot;小和尚聽到這裏，立刻抱起石頭，飛奔回山上去見師父，氣喘吁吁地說：&amp;quot;師父，師父，這下我們可發達了，今天的施主出價200000元買我們的石頭！現在您總可以告訴我，我人生最大的價值是什麼了吧？&amp;quot;&lt;br&gt;	　　&lt;br&gt;	禪師摸摸小和尚的頭，慈愛地說：&amp;quot;孩子啊，你人生最大的價值就好像這塊石頭，如果你把自己擺在菜市場上，你就只值20元錢；如果你把自己擺在博物館裏，你就值2000元；如果你把自己擺在古董店裏，你值200000元！平臺不同，定位不同，人生的價值就會截然不同！&amp;quot;&lt;br&gt;	　　&lt;br&gt;	這個故事是否啟發了你對自己人生的思考？你將如何定位自己的人生呢？你準備把自己擺在怎樣的人生拍賣場去拍賣呢？你要為自己尋找一個怎樣的人生舞臺呢？&lt;br&gt;	不怕別人看不起你，就怕你自己看不起自己。誰說你沒有價值？除非你把自己當作破石頭放在爛泥中，沒有人能夠給你的人生下任何的定義。你選擇怎樣的道路，將決定你擁有怎樣的人生。說的太好了。受教。&lt;br&gt;	為什麼一個老闆再難，也不會輕言放棄，而一個員工做得不順就想逃走，為什麼一對夫妻再吵再大矛盾，也不會輕易離婚，而一對情侶常為一些很小的事就分開了。說到底，你在一件事，一段關係上的投入多少，決定你能承受多大的壓力，能取得多大的成功，能堅守多長時間。馮侖說，偉大都是熬出來的。為什麼用熬，因為普通人承受不了的委屈你得承受，普通人需要別人理解安慰鼓勵，但你沒有，普通人用對抗消極指責來發洩情緒，但你必須看到愛和光，在任何事情上學會轉化消化，普通人需要一個肩膀在脆弱的時候靠一靠，而你就是別人依靠的肩膀。孝莊對康熙說:孫兒，大清國最大的危機不是外面的千軍萬馬，最大的危難，在你自己的內心。&lt;br&gt;	弟子問：師父您有時候打人罵人，有時又對人又彬彬有禮，這裏面有什麼玄機嗎？師父說：&lt;br&gt;	對待上等人直指人心，可打可罵，以真面目待他；&lt;br&gt;	對待中等人最多隱喻他，要講分寸，他受不了打罵；&lt;br&gt;	對待下等人要面帶微笑，雙手合十，他很脆弱、心眼小，只配用世俗的禮節對他&lt;br&gt;	感悟：你受得了何種委屈，決定你能成為何種人&lt;br&gt;	一個不會游泳的人，老換游泳池是不能解決問題的&lt;br&gt;	一個不會做事的人，老換工作是解決不了自己的能力的:&lt;br&gt;	一個不懂經營愛情的人，老換男女朋友是解決不了問題的：&lt;br&gt;	一個不懂經營家庭的人，怎麼換愛人都解決不了問題；&lt;br&gt;	一個不學習的老闆，決對不會持續的成功；&lt;br&gt;	一個不懂正確養生的人，藥吃得再多，醫院設備再好，都是  解決不了問題的&lt;br&gt;	我們自己是一切的根源，要想改變一切，首先要改變自己！學習是改變自己的根本&lt;br&gt;	其實，你愛的是你自己；&lt;br&gt;	你喜歡的亦是你自己。&lt;br&gt;	你愛的、你恨的，都是你自己。&lt;br&gt;	你變了，一切就都變了。&lt;br&gt;	&lt;br&gt;	你的世界是由你創造出來的。&lt;br&gt;	你的一切都是你創造出來的。&lt;br&gt;	你是陽光，你的世界充滿陽光；&lt;br&gt;	你是愛，你就生活在愛的氛圍裏；&lt;br&gt;	你是快樂，你就是在笑聲裏&lt;br&gt;	同樣的，你每天抱怨、挑剔、指責、怨恨，你就生活在地獄裏；&lt;br&gt;	感悟：一念到天堂，一念下地獄。你心在哪，成就就在哪！！！！！！</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/feeds/4986525664709259967/comments/default' title='張貼留言'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2013/07/blog-post_28.html#comment-form' title='0 個意見'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/4986525664709259967'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/4986525664709259967'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2013/07/blog-post_28.html' title='你受得了何種委屈，決定﻿你能成為何等人物'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-411120106924238896</id><published>2013-07-17T02:26:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2013-07-17T02:37:27.557-07:00</updated><title type='text'>上海埔東區巨大的圓形 人行陸橋</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
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上海埔東區巨大的圓形人行陸橋 
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A Massive Circular Pedestrian Bridge in the Pudong District of   Shanghai 
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去年的某個時候，一個新的人行天橋亮相上海浦東新區陸家嘴（陸家嘴）。
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這種大規模的環形人行天橋，使行人，以避免交通迂迴的陸家嘴路總站。
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橋提供訪問的東方明珠塔，連接金融家休閒區，如商場和咖啡館，一個中轉站和辦公
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樓。
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這座橋坐在近20英尺以上的街道，眾多的自動扶梯樓梯出入口。富有現代感的設計和長
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柱之間的跨度，提供了一個愉快的街道一級的經驗。
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遊客在欣賞了人行道的城市，以及其清潔和腳方便運輸引進其優越的意見。
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晚上的結構被照亮偉大的戲劇效果。
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變偏移距是5.5米高，可容納15人並排行走。
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自開幕以來，它已成為不少旅遊景點。&lt;br /&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/feeds/411120106924238896/comments/default' title='張貼留言'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2013/07/blog-post.html#comment-form' title='0 個意見'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/411120106924238896'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/411120106924238896'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2013/07/blog-post.html' title='上海埔東區巨大的圓形 人行陸橋'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgr-FxEc65MRkF6gBoNRcL18uswCwijGYptnxIQYCQNN6klxavnHxSA9nTJIepeCY4IWV-Gxu89VxzCuwGABrvUmT53l0oMp7afmUmXdl6SmSay9jVxUF1X7grc3K1XbG2TUXq0SYoCUO8/s72-c/image1.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-5410743818493846984</id><published>2013-07-09T19:55:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2013-07-09T19:55:53.609-07:00</updated><title type='text'>台北科技大學101學年度第二學期工程學院博士班土木組資格考成績公佈</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=WordSection1&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-family:&quot;新細明體&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;&#39;&gt;順利通過&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-family:&quot;新細明體&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;&#39;&gt;科資格考，還剩&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-family:&quot;新細明體&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;&#39;&gt;科，加油&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;~~&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width=650 style=&#39;border-collapse:collapse;border:none;margin-left:6.75pt;margin-right:6.75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;tr style=&#39;height:27.9pt&#39;&gt;&lt;td width=650 colspan=5 style=&#39;width:487.35pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 1.4pt 0cm 1.4pt;height:27.9pt&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=center style=&#39;margin-left:9.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:.75gd;text-align:center;mso-line-height-alt:0pt;layout-grid-mode:char;mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-hspace:9.0pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:margin;mso-element-left:-4.6pt;mso-element-top:18.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:16.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;101&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span 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rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/5410743818493846984'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/5410743818493846984'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2013/07/101.html' title='台北科技大學101學年度第二學期工程學院博士班土木組資格考成績公佈'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-5895262351746578240</id><published>2013-07-09T18:18:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2013-07-09T18:18:53.482-07:00</updated><title type='text'>322期工程報導電子報</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNWOhWD3VA7vpXO7ns3B0BrDXJHKtWon8c0FrUQqLLllOOtHOglf31G-EzNfeoFrhWgMshG1eqFUxuDr9IUYtL_db2iKaKYfYlCqhR6ajypI3e65USfbGczwKEAUpo0MaGv-EwUPcd2PQ/s1600/image001-733483.gif&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNWOhWD3VA7vpXO7ns3B0BrDXJHKtWon8c0FrUQqLLllOOtHOglf31G-EzNfeoFrhWgMshG1eqFUxuDr9IUYtL_db2iKaKYfYlCqhR6ajypI3e65USfbGczwKEAUpo0MaGv-EwUPcd2PQ/s400/image001-733483.gif&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5898790268431467298&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=WordSection1&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=800 style=&#39;width:600.0pt;background:white&#39;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span 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align=right style=&#39;text-align:right&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/main.aspx?lan=ch&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;鐵工局首頁&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; │ &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/02100.aspx&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;訊息公告&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; │ &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/04000.aspx&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;專案介紹&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; │ &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/05001.aspx&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;專題報導&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; │ &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/06000.aspx&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;政府資訊&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; │ &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/07100.aspx&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;出版品&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; │ &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/08100.aspx&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;下載專區&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; │ &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/09100.aspx&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;網網相連&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; │ &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/10100.aspx&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;討論園地&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm&#39;&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;80%&quot; style=&#39;width:80.0%&#39;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;【&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;322&lt;/span&gt;期工程報導電子報】　發行日期：&lt;span 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/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width=685 style=&#39;width:513.75pt;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;height:11.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;mso-line-height-alt:11.25pt&#39;&gt;局長於&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;102&lt;/span&gt;年&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;月&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;日交通部鐵路改建工程局成立&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;週年慶祝茶會講話紀錄&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&#39;margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;display:none&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;95%&quot; style=&#39;width:95.0%&#39;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt 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src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjP86jhmLhQNVVzlkESIrnlypK3PKn2rGAhsM9shBAhDiuSx5mbnFv19_QLZlVQpyhnZ5a9vtT09AToxbtOeBA0fIHxCe9V5w3ao5L17XzXPKHJEi7go7vv1p9jpB8ArzrhX-_QbBTAZFw/s400/image005-741566.jpg&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5898790294617480962&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20130705_145507.344.jpg&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　今天是鐵工局三十歲的日子，非常感謝各位貴賓來到鐵工局及退休同仁回局來為我們慶生，我謹代表鐵工局，向所有關心鐵工局的貴賓，致上十二萬分的敬意與謝意。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　台灣鐵路興建以來，車站周邊是地方發展最早的地區，繁榮一時。隨著時光流轉，火車站周邊，已被稱為舊市區，在現代化城市中，最常被人指出亟待改造與作為翻轉城市發展軸線的地方。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　車站不僅僅是一座搭車處所，也有許多人送往迎來的記憶。對四年級及五年級的大多數人都曾讀過朱自清的「背影」，在那篇文章中，敘述他父親抱著一袋橘子，「穿過鐵道，再爬上那邊的月臺。要爬上那邊的月臺，就不容易了，&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;…&lt;/span&gt;他肥胖的身子向左微傾，顯出努力的樣子」，他流下了眼淚。這是朱自清的故事，或許，許多人也有類似的感動，但對車站的描述，對我們而言，就是努力的目標。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　鐵工局現在已完工或在進行新建或改建的車站，正好有&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;88&lt;/span&gt;座。我們除了要建設節能減碳，並車站外當地景觀融合，但最重要的，是要以人為本，讓人好用：在站內，對行動不便族群的通用設計，必須進出無礙；在站外，旅客的轉乘設施，亦應與地區的其他運輸工具，無縫接駁；搭配地方政府與臺鐵局的土地開發，活絡商機，讓舊市區再生、經濟發展更理想。這就是我們正在建構的全新第三代現代化車站。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　鐵路改建工程迄今，已&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;個年頭了，這&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;年間，先是東改局併入成立東工處、國工局移撥成立南工處，以及來自各單位所成立的中工處融合過的鐵工局，儼然成為國內公共工程技術的大熔爐，組織文化兼融並蓄，沒有誰先來後到，只有互相砥勵學習、寬宥包容。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　永暉受指派擔任鐵工局第六任局長，承繼台北鐵路地下化與東改等建設計畫成果，如何面對三大當前工作：&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;1.&lt;/span&gt;花東鐵路電氣化、&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;2.&lt;/span&gt;台中都會區鐵路高架化、&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;3.&lt;/span&gt;高雄都會區鐵路地下化，所以我要求同仁要善用科技、培植人才與強化目標（任務）管理，這就是三個&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;T(Technology, Talent, Target)&lt;/span&gt;。在工作上，積極運用新科技，建設永續節能的生活環境；在人才的培養上，要適才適用與傳承技術發揮所長；在計畫的推動上，應設定明確目標，運用績效管理手段。如此才能接續後續待執行之三大任務：&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;1.&lt;/span&gt;東部鐵路提速、&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;2.&lt;/span&gt;兩鐵接軌（西部的台高鐵與東部的台鐵和鐵馬連接線）、&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;3.&lt;/span&gt;山海相連（如恆春支線、台中的山海線）。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　 鐵工局&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;年了，有歷任局長與各工程處處長們，已為鐵工局打下堅實的基礎。在一棒接續一棒的努力下，相信鐵工局每一位同仁，都會以身為鐵工局的一份子為榮。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　最後，要感謝葉部長、許次長及首任局長董顧問等各位貴賓，給予鐵工局全力的支持，讓鐵工局各項業務推展，無後顧之憂。相信在鐵工局這個團結的大家庭下，各項工程都會如以往一樣，承擔創造與改變時代的使命，以過河卒子的決心，堅定任務導向，將最佳的成果，展現在國人面前，來回報所有愛護我們的長官與個人。對於長官交付的任務，鐵工局都有達成目標的決心與信心。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;謝謝大家！&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span 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.75pt;height:11.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;mso-line-height-alt:11.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEin7ABB91vsezBSN3fwV8QLd3Upu-_BQ_uyxSa5E2dEVI48ZBnqABZuLmdu1PoNtbLQH0pfcW8h-H7VBq8S_YEd8513pYgWgYjP_Dndt2BKY3BukZuZDXVZmzzK7E3M5s7AHzxWEzDEUvg/s1600/image003-737925.gif&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEin7ABB91vsezBSN3fwV8QLd3Upu-_BQ_uyxSa5E2dEVI48ZBnqABZuLmdu1PoNtbLQH0pfcW8h-H7VBq8S_YEd8513pYgWgYjP_Dndt2BKY3BukZuZDXVZmzzK7E3M5s7AHzxWEzDEUvg/s400/image003-737925.gif&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5898790283511215026&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width=685 style=&#39;width:513.75pt;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;height:11.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;mso-line-height-alt:11.25pt&#39;&gt;行政院江院長聽取屏東潮州高架鐵路工程報告，肯定鐵工局&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;102&lt;/span&gt;年&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;月西正線先行通車成效&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&#39;margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;display:none&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;95%&quot; style=&#39;width:95.0%&#39;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&#39;height:9.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;td valign=bottom style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;mso-line-height-alt:9.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;a 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lang=EN-US&gt;102&lt;/span&gt;）年&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;月&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;20&lt;/span&gt;日行政院院會江院長聽取交通部辦理「臺鐵高雄&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;屏東潮州捷運化建設計畫」之執行情形報告，除肯定鐵路改建工程局辦理成效，並感謝屏東縣政府對於計畫推動過程之協助。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　江院長肯定交通部及鐵工局推動本計畫能夠提前於&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;月&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;25&lt;/span&gt;日完成第一階段單軌高架切換通車，同時啟用&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;座新穎的高架車站，提供現代化的旅運設施服務，也立即消除&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;20&lt;/span&gt;處平交道及&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;處公路立體交叉，對改善地區交通與便捷鐵路服務產生莫大的效益，這是對屏東鄉親的一大福音。江院長期望本計畫第一階段啟用後，應參考文化意涵與社區營造，將鐵道文化融入工程建設；同時期勉交通部鐵工局施工團隊再接再厲，戮力達成本計畫&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;104&lt;/span&gt;年&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;月全線雙軌高架通車之目標。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span 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lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&#39;margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;display:none&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;95%&quot; style=&#39;width:95.0%&#39;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&#39;height:9.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;td valign=bottom style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;mso-line-height-alt:9.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;a 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lang=EN-US&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;月&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;日由交通部次長許俊逸及鐵工局局長周永暉陪同視察「花東鐵路電氣化計畫」&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;新自強隧道工程，實地暸解當地因惡劣沉泥地質而影響開挖進度，改由原自強隧道先行電氣化之替代方案辦理情形，總統對於鐵工局自辦工程總隊日以繼夜、全力趲趕的努力給予肯定，更期勉儘早突破新隧道南北口施工困境。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　新自強隧道工程南口於&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;100&lt;/span&gt;年&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;月間開挖時發現大量沉泥層，經進行多種地質改良工法施工仍發生坍塌，期間多次邀集國內專家學者提供諮詢，並請中華民國隧道協會針對施工法及地盤改良提出建議工法供後續施工參考，惟&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;101&lt;/span&gt;年&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;月隧道北口開挖面亦發生抽坍現象。由於新隧道南、北口開挖面均遭遇地質因素之困境，工程進度嚴重受阻，經多方考量及評估可行性後，為不影響&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;102&lt;/span&gt;年鐵路電氣化通車目標，鐵工局已啟動由舊有隧道電氣化之替代方案，由局自辦工程總隊自辦施工，同時積極研議克服惡劣新隧道地質處理方案，以突破隧道南北口施工困境。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　馬總統希望電氣化將完工的同時，雙軌化工程也同步設計，接著展開雙軌化施工，讓台北、台東行車時間縮短一小時，他執政的八年，希望讓東部民眾也「有感」，「台灣一日生活圈」，實現最起碼的「區域正義」。&lt;span 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target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　（本刊訊）交通部葉部長及台東縣黃縣長、鐵工局周局長等，於本&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(102)&lt;/span&gt;年&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;月&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;16&lt;/span&gt;日共同主持臺東車站改建工程開工典禮。臺東車站改建後將營造卑南文化特色，並把原住民海洋文化與潮浪意象的背景結合，同時反應眾多族群在臺東這片土地上，長年來與自然共生共存的和諧關係。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　臺東車站為臺東城鄉的入口，本次改建除了外觀上的改變外，特別對現有站前轉乘不佳之交通動線加以改善，未來車輛進出站採分流模式，並增設停車場及新設地下道與後站出口設計，利用新設地下道將車站鏈結史前文化的月形石柱與卑南文化園區，有如穿越時空&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;3000&lt;/span&gt;年；另在月台設計方面，也採全國首創之「文化走廊」方式呈現（原民圖騰金屬刻花屋頂、月台柱以圖騰柱列、地面採圖騰展示鋪面）營造卑南文化遺址的車站特色，並也加大旅客服務空間，新增提供文史展示、旅遊諮詢、行程規劃、住宿安排、車輛租賃、物產展示及&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;化服務，希能滿足遊客旅行之各項需求。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　葉部長表示，花東鐵路效能提升計畫，將以具深層文化內涵的車站建築為主，使新的車站成為都市再生及文化觀光發展的發電機。車站不僅是單體建築，更要有延伸性及擴散性，創造出後山觀光加分的車站建築，本計畫完工後，可配合花東地區整體觀光發展計畫，共創花東觀光發展的新紀元。台東為南部進入東部的門戶，也因著發展觀光為目前國際、大陸及國內旅遊最夯的景點，聯外交通的重要性相對提高，花東線鐵路電氣化計畫將於今年底完工，通車之後將會要求鐵工局隨即進行花東鐵路全面雙軌化可行性研究以及南迴鐵路電氣化開始動工，將為東部的交通運輸效能，與產業發展帶動全面的提升。&lt;span 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target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;（本刊訊）交通部葉部長肯定鐵工局屏潮計畫西正線高架鐵路通車啟用成效，並宣布明年進行臺鐵恆春支線可行性研究&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　交通部鐵路改建工程局致力推動的「臺鐵高雄&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;屏東潮州捷運化建設計畫」&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;簡稱：屏潮計畫&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;已展現計畫成效，高架鐵路西正線今（&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;25&lt;/span&gt;）日完工啟用，交通部部長葉匡時與屏東縣縣長曹啟鴻在鐵工局局長周永暉的陪同下共同主持啟用典禮，在地方各界的共同祝福聲中，為屏潮鐵路優化跨出新的一頁！&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　屏潮計畫為高雄市區鐵路地下化計畫先期工程，包括「屏東潮州雙軌高架電氣化」與「潮州車輛基地工程」兩大部分。「屏東潮州雙軌高架電氣化」係將臺鐵雙軌電氣化由屏東站延伸至潮州站，並將全線改為高架（目前為地面單軌），施工期間，歸來站至潮州站間採半半施工，完成西正線高架鐵路後，即將現有軌道切換至西正線行駛，再施作東正線，計畫完成後，西部幹線列車始發站將由高雄站改為潮州站。另「潮州車輛基地工程」完工後將取代高雄車站之機檢段，成為臺鐵南部最大駐車基地。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　葉部長表示目前鐵路高架西正線全長&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;16&lt;/span&gt;公里已完成，並於&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;月&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;24&lt;/span&gt;跨&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;25&lt;/span&gt;日將地面鐵路切換至高架鐵路西正線營運，除消除&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;20&lt;/span&gt;處平交道及&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;處公路立體交叉，大幅改善地區交通外，同時啟用歸來、麟洛、西勢、竹田及潮州等&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;座新穎的高架車站&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;西正線部分&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;，亦提供更佳的車站旅運設施，使屏東地區邁向鐵路新里程，葉部長亦於典禮中宣布，為促進旅遊發展，將請臺鐵局及鐵工局明年起即對於恆春支線鐵路部分，進行可行性研究。（黃奇偉）&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&#39;height:32.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;td valign=bottom style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:32.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;95%&quot; style=&#39;width:95.0%&#39;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p 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src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEin7ABB91vsezBSN3fwV8QLd3Upu-_BQ_uyxSa5E2dEVI48ZBnqABZuLmdu1PoNtbLQH0pfcW8h-H7VBq8S_YEd8513pYgWgYjP_Dndt2BKY3BukZuZDXVZmzzK7E3M5s7AHzxWEzDEUvg/s400/image003-737925.gif&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5898790283511215026&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td width=685 style=&#39;width:513.75pt;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;height:11.25pt&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;mso-line-height-alt:11.25pt&#39;&gt;鐵工局三十有成 臺灣最豐富的車站成果主題展&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;月&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;日起熱鬧展出&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&#39;margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;display:none&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table 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href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTDAVcqT40qQMDv_khibyhG5uVWVxhuPxKf_p-Kr1MJ-YPJ7iGhLCKhyphenhyphenbPBc-opFabMK5ItBU8sFBRug7VazV8CkacYE8wCU8tNQ-6s-rT0wIV67hs3Fk-yylYSIKkkMPEkCAQoV219wc/s1600/image009-750096.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTDAVcqT40qQMDv_khibyhG5uVWVxhuPxKf_p-Kr1MJ-YPJ7iGhLCKhyphenhyphenbPBc-opFabMK5ItBU8sFBRug7VazV8CkacYE8wCU8tNQ-6s-rT0wIV67hs3Fk-yylYSIKkkMPEkCAQoV219wc/s400/image009-750096.jpg&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5898790333474022418&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20130704_090246.45454.jpg&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;（　本刊訊）交通部鐵路改建工程局卓越有成，歷經&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;年來不斷努力、技術更新，為臺灣重大鐵路改建工程推向更高的成就！特於成立&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;週年之際，選定&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;月&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;日（週日）鐵路節上午&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;時，於板橋車站一樓大廳舉辦「&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;週年成果展」開幕儀式，展出臺灣鐵路改建工程&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;年來的演進及成果，展覽自今&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(102)&lt;/span&gt;年&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;月&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;日至&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;月&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;日止為期二十五天，結合動靜態展示、集章活動等互動方式，將是臺灣最豐富的鐵道主題展，鐵道迷們千萬不能錯過！&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　本局為重大鐵路改建工程建設之專責工程單位，對促進都會區整體發展及城際交通、改善市容景觀深具指標性的意義。隨著階段性具體成果一一呈現，為使國人對於鐵路改建工程更加了解，於&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;週年前夕，將所有執行計畫以展區方式完整說明。局處走過的&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;年分別以&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;年劃分為「起飛」、「軌跡」、「蛻變」的&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;個演進歷程，並以圖文方式展現每個計畫精彩的紀念畫面，另有計畫改建沿革的演進，清楚了解臺灣鐵路從地下化、高架化、電氣化、捷運化等工程技術累進過程，且透過影片導覽，讓民眾更能喜愛鐵路運輸，進而支持鐵路改建工程。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;月&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;日也是一年一度鐵路節，鐵路局特別配合設有鐵路商品展售區，歡迎民眾前往參觀選購。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　活動中除了豐富的主題展示外，更特別從全國&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;88&lt;/span&gt;個車站中遴選出&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;個特色車站，依改建後之新穎外觀設計一系列戳章，凡於&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;月&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;日至&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;月&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;日止展出期間，即可兌換限量精美集章護照乙本。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　另為同慶本局&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;週年生日，除了可至展場服務台預約參觀首度開放鐵道模型外，全國各工程處於展覽期間也配合舉辦各項活動，中工處有「高架鐵路未來生活願景館展示」、南工處於新左營站及潮州車站展出「高屏地區鐵路改建工程成果展」及東工處於國立史前文化博物館舉行「花東線鐵路電氣化暨車站效能提升成果展」活動等，精采可期。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm&#39;&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;95%&quot; style=&#39;width:95.0%&#39;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td 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target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　本局自&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;月&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;日於板橋車站一樓大廳舉辦之「&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;週年成果展」，除結合動靜態展示、集章活動等互動方式，受到民眾朋友熱烈參與，其中集章活動將於&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;月&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;日結束，並於&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;月&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;日上午&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;11&lt;/span&gt;時，由葉部長頒贈「鐵道大富翁」及本局新書「看見台灣希望之光」專書，予現場場排隊領取&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;168&lt;/span&gt;份「環島鐵路大富翁」前&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;名民眾，並於展區進行公開抽獎，獎品內容為全國首創限量版，共將抽出&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;300&lt;/span&gt;名幸運中獎者，並於本局網站公佈中獎名單兩週後，陸續以掛號郵寄方式寄送獎品。（吳志仁）&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr 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alt=&quot;本局30週年查會在葉部長、許次長、周局長、蔣前局長、臺鐵局陸副局長、高鐵局胡代局長共同切下生日蛋糕&quot; href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20130704_092910.56313.jpg&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; style=&#39;position:absolute;margin-left:0;margin-top:0;width:240pt;height:161.25pt;z-index:251664384;mso-wrap-distance-left:0;mso-wrap-distance-top:0;mso-wrap-distance-right:0;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:0;mso-position-horizontal:left;mso-position-horizontal-relative:text;mso-position-vertical-relative:line&#39; o:allowoverlap=&quot;f&quot; o:button=&quot;t&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image011.jpg@01CE7D4E.77366E20&quot; o:title=&quot;s_20130704_092910.56313&quot; /&gt;  &lt;w:wrap type=&quot;square&quot;/&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20130704_092910.56313.jpg&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;a 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lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　交通部鐵路改建工程局自&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;72&lt;/span&gt;年&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;月成立，迄今已歷&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;年，在這段期間，所有參與工程的單位及工作伙伴，全心全力投入工作，獲得無比的輝煌成果，對國家重大交通工程建設，提供了莫大的貢獻，為政府政績創造了多項成就，為民眾提供了宏遠的運輸便利，福國利民，值得歡欣與慶幸。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　本局於茶會中發表新書＜看見臺灣希望之光＞，敘述鐵工局三十年來工程推動的點點滴滴，茶會中另有鐵工局暨三個工程處接受「&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;ISO9001&lt;/span&gt;品質管理系統授證」，顯示鐵工局各項工作均已標準化及制度化。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　多年來，鐵路改建工程局執行全臺灣鐵路沿線各大都會區的鐵路地下化及改建工程，其任務之重大，工作之繁重，無與倫比，而端賴參與工程的單位及工作伙伴，全心全力投入，得以突破多項困難，而得以逐項完成，深獲政府及社會大眾的嘉許與肯定，使工作單位及人員，備感榮耀與鼓舞，今後當繼續推動鐵路立體化、捷運化及完成環島鐵路的電氣化、動力一元化的目標，並在已有的基礎上繼續努力，也為下一個&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;年的目標「一日鐵道生活圈」的願景邁進，帶領臺灣鐵路建設邁向更光明璀璨的未來。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal&gt;&lt;span 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style=&#39;mso-line-height-alt:11.25pt&#39;&gt;部長視察臺中都會區鐵路高架計劃新臺中車站工程，並嘉許高架鐵路願景館與市民對話之成果&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&#39;margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;display:none&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;95%&quot; style=&#39;width:95.0%&#39;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&#39;height:9.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;td valign=bottom style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;mso-line-height-alt:9.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;a 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lang=EN-US&gt;(102)&lt;/span&gt;年&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;月&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;日（星期日）上午由鐵工局局長周永暉陪同視察鐵工局中部工程處之「高架鐵路未來生活願景館」及「臺中車站工程」，暸解鐵工局於宣導鐵路立體化之用心及臺中車站目前施工進。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　高架鐵路未來生活願景館內分為計畫介紹區、臺中生活與鐵路共生回憶區、都市縫合計畫與生活圈願景區、車站設計與建築藝術區、工程技術與材料設施區及相關政策展示區等&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;個展區，自&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;101&lt;/span&gt;年&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;11&lt;/span&gt;月&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;17&lt;/span&gt;日開館迄今，已突破&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;7000&lt;/span&gt;人次入場參觀，不但使民眾更進一步瞭解臺中鐵路高架捷運化計劃，更藉由願景館的介紹讓民眾對於政府施政有感，部長於視察後對於該館兼具宣導與教育功能，深表肯定。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　部長隨後至新臺中車站工地視察，新臺中車站設計與現有古蹟車站融合併存，利用寬廣通透的視野，製造出豁然驚艷的視覺效果，並且讓市民有開闊的活動空間，部長於工地現場聽取簡報後，除勉勵鐵工局施工同仁之辛勞外，也特別要求注意工地現場工安問題，在施工中務必要能讓台鐵行車安全無虞。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm&#39;&gt;&lt;p 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lang=EN-US&gt;CL114&lt;/span&gt;愛河段臺鐵鐵路地下化&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;明挖覆蓋&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;工程」&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&#39;margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;display:none&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;95%&quot; style=&#39;width:95.0%&#39;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&#39;height:9.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;td valign=bottom style=&#39;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal style=&#39;mso-line-height-alt:9.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;a 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href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20130704_094601.2575.jpg&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_s1033&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; alt=&quot;圖一 CL114標愛河段臺鐵鐵路地下化(明挖覆蓋)工程範圍&quot; href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20130704_094601.2575.jpg&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; style=&#39;position:absolute;margin-left:0;margin-top:0;width:240pt;height:126.75pt;z-index:251665408;mso-wrap-distance-left:0;mso-wrap-distance-top:0;mso-wrap-distance-right:0;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:0;mso-position-horizontal:left;mso-position-horizontal-relative:text;mso-position-vertical-relative:line&#39; o:allowoverlap=&quot;f&quot; o:button=&quot;t&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image012.jpg@01CE7D4E.77366E20&quot; o:title=&quot;s_20130704_094601.2575&quot; /&gt;  &lt;w:wrap type=&quot;square&quot;/&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20130704_094601.2575.jpg&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCwywhRkgCo2JfNUwS_m7E8_3sVZUxl_PoVuhaDgIjEatJpx6rR-JjJ_UrnvtO0MrGqJj8MNA8ISykktoC5DOhdlxE6aNB83WbEMPC7b9W9uvZCPwSyRLdbqDNQvvGsm-o_sTaaB006lY/s1600/image012-756616.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCwywhRkgCo2JfNUwS_m7E8_3sVZUxl_PoVuhaDgIjEatJpx6rR-JjJ_UrnvtO0MrGqJj8MNA8ISykktoC5DOhdlxE6aNB83WbEMPC7b9W9uvZCPwSyRLdbqDNQvvGsm-o_sTaaB006lY/s400/image012-756616.jpg&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5898790362494487938&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rrb.gov.tw/upload/images/epaperDetail/20130704_094601.2575.jpg&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;壹、前言&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;CL114&lt;/span&gt;標愛河段臺鐵鐵路地下化工程位於高雄計畫永久軌里程&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;UK403+850~UK404+260&lt;/span&gt;區間，長約&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;410&lt;/span&gt;公尺，其中有&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;75&lt;/span&gt;公尺穿越愛河底部&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;圖一&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　原跨越愛河之鐵路橋下部結構為直徑&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;4m&lt;/span&gt;、長&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;12m(EL0&lt;/span&gt;～&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;-12m)&lt;/span&gt;混凝土井筒基礎，上部結構則採鋼桁架構築。愛河早期原是沼澤地故地盤軟弱，深度&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;30m&lt;/span&gt;內平均&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;SPT-N&lt;/span&gt;皆不大於&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　開工後因愛河第&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;2-2&lt;/span&gt;階段臨時軌尚未切換完成，列車仍於既有鐵路橋原路線行駛，故於每階段非防汛期間僅能施作南側鋼管樁擋土壁，必須在愛河第&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;2-2&lt;/span&gt;階段臨時軌切換至新建鐵路橋（既有鐵路橋之北側）後才能進行北側鋼管樁擋土壁作業，因此既有鐵路橋之安全性格外重要；茲針對本標工程之監測作介紹，再呈現愛河既有鐵路橋監測成果及部分陸地段監測成果概述。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;貳、工程概述&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　本標工程隧道採明挖覆蓋工法施作，於陸地段係以&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;1.2m&lt;/span&gt;之連續壁作為擋土壁，而過河段採&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;φ1.0m&lt;/span&gt;（&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;t=12mm&lt;/span&gt;）鋼管樁並以&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;φ0.2m&lt;/span&gt;之鋼管榫接方式相扣形成一擋土壁體；結構開挖時陸地段為&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;階支撐&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;階開挖約至&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;EL-17.8m&lt;/span&gt;處並施作永久軌隧道結構，而過河段施工必須於每年非防汛期間施作，鋼管樁擋土壁施作完成後採三個非防汛期分三個階段施作河道版，再從兩側陸地端進行&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;階支撐&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;階開挖約至&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;EL-17.8m&lt;/span&gt;並施作永久軌隧道結構。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　為確實掌握與確保施工影響範圍內鄰近物（包含臨時軌、地上建物、道路、地下結構物、箱涵及各類管線）與人員、機具、車輛之安全，進而確保工程進行之順利，當施工遇有危險前能顯示預警作用，故依據契約文件裝設各種監測儀器於不同之地點、位置，並依規定頻率進行量測與資料收集和評定分析。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;參、監測儀器之功用及佈設&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　本工程依據契約圖說共佈設&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;14&lt;/span&gt;種監測儀器，針對監測目的做分類，監測連續壁壁體變位、連續壁應力、開挖支撐應力、開挖區內孔隙水壓力、開挖區外水位觀測、鄰近建物傾斜及沉陷、臨時軌軌道線型及沉陷。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;一、開挖過程中連續壁壁體變位可利用「壁體內傾度儀&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(SID)&lt;/span&gt;」觀察於各階段開挖過程連續壁變位情形。壁體內傾度儀之量測原理是藉埋設於連續壁之「自動對準觀測管」配合傾度儀伸入觀測管底部，由觀測管最深處一點依序向上量測各點之連續傾斜量，再藉此換算成變位量。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;二、當連續壁壁體因開挖導致變位將產生額外應力，為了解此應力對連續壁內鋼筋支應力情形，利用「鋼筋應力計&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(RS)&lt;/span&gt;」觀察。本工程採用振弦式鋼筋應力計，在連續壁鋼筋籠施作時按照施工圖安裝於設計深度之鋼筋上，同一深度有兩支鋼筋應力計以了解開挖側及土壤側鋼筋應力變化情形。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;三、配合各階段開挖架設支撐並安裝「支撐應變計」以觀察支撐應力狀況。本工程採「振弦式支撐應變計」，其原理是將一條金屬弦固定於桿件上，當桿件受外力作用產生伸長或縮短時，桿件中金屬弦的長度隨之改變而影響，桿中金屬弦振動頻率。當支撐受力產生微小變形時可藉由振動頻率不同計算支撐受力前後應力狀況。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;四、開挖時，為了解開挖區內孔隙水壓是否產生上舉&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;本工程開挖底面下為黏土&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;之疑慮，因此利用「電子式水壓計&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(ELP)&lt;/span&gt;」依照設計圖說規定分別於高程約&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;EL-22m&lt;/span&gt;及&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;EL-42m&lt;/span&gt;裝設水壓計，並配合解壓井控制開挖底部之水壓。另於過河段設置「自動化電子式水壓計」採自動化測讀，藉此觀察過河段開挖時之孔隙水壓，以利配合解壓井控制水壓或緊急應變。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;五、開挖區外則採「水位觀測井」觀測開挖過程中水位是否有不 正常之昇降。本工程施作時利用鑽機鑽至設計深度然後安裝包覆濾網之多孔豎管至預定深度，再回填砂，監測時利用水位指示器量得水位深度。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;六、建築物可能因結構土方開挖或抽降水導致不均勻沉陷或傾斜，藉由幾項監測儀器了解建築物、道路及地表之沉陷情形。建築物之傾斜量可由裝設於建物上之「傾斜儀&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(TI)&lt;/span&gt;」取得，而建築物沉陷則藉由打設於建物上之「沉陷點&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(SB)&lt;/span&gt;」利用水準測量量測其高程。另道路或鄰近地表沉陷則利用「地表沉陷點&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(SM)&lt;/span&gt;」直接觀察得知，亦可配合「壁體外傾度儀」交叉比對以確認是否屬於其他因素導致變位。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;七、為配合臺鐵營運故施工期間仍須確保鐵路得以安全運行；本工程施工中利用「鋼軌沉陷點&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(SR)&lt;/span&gt;」監測軌道面之高程，並於結構土方開挖階段使用「軌道量測儀」量測軌道各點之座標&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(N,E,Z)&lt;/span&gt;以繪製出軌道線型及沉陷變化。另於過河段圍堰、河道版作業時，因緊鄰新建鐵路橋施工，鐵路橋之變位格外值得注意，所以本工程於鐵路橋橋墩上裝設有「反光菱鏡&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(PM)&lt;/span&gt;」及「自動化頃斜儀&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt; (TI)&lt;/span&gt;」，觀察橋墩之變位。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;八、本工程於過河段施工作業時，愛河水位攸關施工人員安全，因此利用「自動化超音波水位計&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(UW)&lt;/span&gt;」監測愛河水位變化；該儀器是藉由音波傳至水面後所反射之時間計算出水位面位置，此項監測儀器特別適合大面積水域之水位量測，以此監測愛河水位狀況。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;肆、監測成果&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;在此，針對過河段既有鐵路橋之監測儀器及陸地段之監測儀器佈設及結果簡介，經測得各項監測結果皆處安全狀態。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;超音波水位計&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(UW)&lt;/span&gt;監測過程中因潮汐影響而有上下波動情形，於&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;99&lt;/span&gt;年&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;月&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;日&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;~99&lt;/span&gt;年&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;月&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;日有兩次超出警戒值情形，係因南修颱風與凡那比颱風之降雨引起，其餘變動較大者皆因大雨或潮汐所造成。自動化傾斜儀&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(TI)&lt;/span&gt;在南側施作擋土壁&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(φ1.0m&lt;/span&gt;鋼管樁&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;時，舊鐵路橋橋墩皆有&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;10~40(&lt;/span&gt;分&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;不等之傾斜量，此情形係因淺層&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(EL-30m)SPT-N&lt;/span&gt;值小於&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;之軟弱土層，且舊鐵路橋橋墩長度僅有&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;12m(EL0m~EL-12m)&lt;/span&gt;，故於施作南側鋼管樁擋土壁時震動所造成。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;第三階支撐完成後監測儀器讀數概況，當時處於旱季水位&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;OW9&lt;/span&gt;在&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;EL-0.99m OW10&lt;/span&gt;水位在&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;EL0.62m,&lt;/span&gt;連續壁體之變位&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(SID7&lt;/span&gt;、&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;SID8)&lt;/span&gt;其變位量最大為&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;7~8mm&lt;/span&gt;之間，而鄰近之建物傾斜儀&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(TI-33)&lt;/span&gt;測得往開挖方向傾斜&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;57&lt;/span&gt;秒，且往里程增加方向傾斜&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;61&lt;/span&gt;秒。雖開挖有造成連續壁壁體、鄰近建物微量變位，但遠小於管理值。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;伍、結語&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　隨都市之進步施工腹地狹隘，重大公共建設難度及風險也隨之提高。本計畫採明挖覆蓋工法施作，施工緊鄰運行鐵路及鄰房，為能清楚了解施工中對鄰房及鐵路軌道之影響以適時提供參考，因此安全監測扮演相當重要角色。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　高雄計畫鐵路地下化工程促進高雄都會區鐵路兩側區域整體共同發展，工程無可避免需經過各種地形地物，包含河川、陸橋、捷運等。就本計劃而言，經愛河且鄰近既有鐵路橋，其中施作過河段之擋土壁&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;鋼管樁&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;勢必產生震動致既有鐵路橋之監測儀器有些微變位，於施工期間受颱風暴雨影響愛河水位皆有較大起伏情形，另陸地段監測顯示隨開挖支撐之施工過程支撐軸力皆有隨之變化，但皆處於安全狀態。&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;　對於重要且高風險之工程，安全監測格外重要，一般所配置之監測儀器及頻率亦有可能產生盲點。監測頻率之盲點可採自動化監測即能滿足人工監測頻率不足之情況，而監測儀器配置之盲點需配合工程施敏銳之觀察及判斷，方可將風險降至最低。（南工處工四段 羅明哲、安豐樸）&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;background:white;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm&#39;&gt;&lt;div align=center&gt;&lt;table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width=&quot;95%&quot; style=&#39;width:95.0%&#39;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&#39;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt&#39;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;a 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lang=EN-US&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/feeds/5895262351746578240/comments/default' title='張貼留言'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2013/07/322.html#comment-form' title='0 個意見'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/5895262351746578240'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/5895262351746578240'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2013/07/322.html' title='322期工程報導電子報'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNWOhWD3VA7vpXO7ns3B0BrDXJHKtWon8c0FrUQqLLllOOtHOglf31G-EzNfeoFrhWgMshG1eqFUxuDr9IUYtL_db2iKaKYfYlCqhR6ajypI3e65USfbGczwKEAUpo0MaGv-EwUPcd2PQ/s72-c/image001-733483.gif" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6550716330067155185.post-1731828465151631614</id><published>2013-05-07T18:53:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2013-05-07T18:55:16.226-07:00</updated><title type='text'>非線性力學期中考題 102.05.02</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=WordSection1&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=center style=&#39;text-align:center&#39;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:18.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;非線性力學期中考題&lt;span lang=EN-US&gt; 102.05.02&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;margin-left:0cm;text-align:left;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1&#39;&gt;&lt;![if !supportLists]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;mso-list:Ignore&#39;&gt;1.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;please find &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;position:relative;top:5.0pt;mso-text-raise:-5.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shapetype id=&quot;_x0000_t75&quot; coordsize=&quot;21600,21600&quot; o:spt=&quot;75&quot; o:preferrelative=&quot;t&quot; path=&quot;m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe&quot; filled=&quot;f&quot; stroked=&quot;f&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:stroke joinstyle=&quot;miter&quot; /&gt;  &lt;v:formulas&gt;  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0&quot; /&gt;  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @0 1 0&quot; /&gt;  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum 0 0 @1&quot; /&gt;  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @2 1 2&quot; /&gt;  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @3 21600 pixelWidth&quot; /&gt;  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @3 21600 pixelHeight&quot; /&gt;  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @0 0 1&quot; /&gt;  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @6 1 2&quot; /&gt;  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @7 21600 pixelWidth&quot; /&gt;  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @8 21600 0&quot; /&gt;  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @7 21600 pixelHeight&quot; /&gt;  &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @10 21600 0&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:formulas&gt;  &lt;v:path o:extrusionok=&quot;f&quot; gradientshapeok=&quot;t&quot; o:connecttype=&quot;rect&quot; /&gt;  &lt;o:lock v:ext=&quot;edit&quot; aspectratio=&quot;t&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shapetype&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1025&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:17.25pt;height:17.25pt;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page;mso-position-vertical-relative:page&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image001.wmz@01CE4BD1.D571DBE0&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvuW5Xw5s7QAwAxQh3gkGewi96G7OAjq-xNKwURwqXH1056YjIi_nS_EDf8n3CmA63B75c0kgtmbSig00BUgF8euE5cZLVV2ILG0jVmyuA9yGI6DlGlAae3alu6KLPa_pye4lAXEGpUCc/s1600/image002-716227.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvuW5Xw5s7QAwAxQh3gkGewi96G7OAjq-xNKwURwqXH1056YjIi_nS_EDf8n3CmA63B75c0kgtmbSig00BUgF8euE5cZLVV2ILG0jVmyuA9yGI6DlGlAae3alu6KLPa_pye4lAXEGpUCc/s400/image002-716227.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5875421270784126066&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.3&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1025&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1429511974&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;&amp;nbsp;and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;position:relative;top:5.0pt;mso-text-raise:-5.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1026&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:18.75pt;height:17.25pt;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page;mso-position-vertical-relative:page&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image003.wmz@01CE4BD1.D571DBE0&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTSAM0bOpNPyefGBX8cGDl51w0Wp14wwDUARdepIEoWqn0iY_9bfxOgxyzC8FfjJXYXG63LRHjD6DvA5-DV45SC2MOUfXLZWiyLpTrg1d2kuOOq90NaarnvA_TsMfMbyjIvYxlZJInn_8/s1600/image004-717547.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTSAM0bOpNPyefGBX8cGDl51w0Wp14wwDUARdepIEoWqn0iY_9bfxOgxyzC8FfjJXYXG63LRHjD6DvA5-DV45SC2MOUfXLZWiyLpTrg1d2kuOOq90NaarnvA_TsMfMbyjIvYxlZJInn_8/s400/image004-717547.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5875421278355584866&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.3&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1026&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1429511975&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;&amp;nbsp;for uniaxial strain.(20&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;新細明體&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;分&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;position:relative;top:15.0pt;mso-text-raise:-15.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1027&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:303.75pt;height:36pt;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page;mso-position-vertical-relative:page&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image005.wmz@01CE4BD1.D571DBE0&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyJ9vIgve_WCBMo16-lXJ2DEmKY3Gu0TS-0K4-I0DLqL4qsAED4ANxYu8gRPeo2EXJbtu4iYJq6Y6JpL2yjbr6BHVYS4h0jWDgweBjrkia5bsmtWF5s2D0tHG68TcKSp14N3Rv0BsZ3RI/s1600/image006-719350.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyJ9vIgve_WCBMo16-lXJ2DEmKY3Gu0TS-0K4-I0DLqL4qsAED4ANxYu8gRPeo2EXJbtu4iYJq6Y6JpL2yjbr6BHVYS4h0jWDgweBjrkia5bsmtWF5s2D0tHG68TcKSp14N3Rv0BsZ3RI/s400/image006-719350.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5875421283488174210&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.3&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1027&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1429511976&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;Sol:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;For uniaxial strain &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;position:relative;top:25.0pt;mso-text-raise:-25.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1028&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:90.75pt;height:56.25pt;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page;mso-position-vertical-relative:page&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image007.wmz@01CE4BD1.D571DBE0&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVDpuMvgWSGCEDrrzDlmJ5RWEhV6SgTJVMrgoKep1y8CHgYWjUfgiXaItPHT5rZa85XNGbXSdyUSYwJut9wLdlSSiwce4WH245XBLfqiX9rBVUguoFFWNEDOz0_CadLUDroxnBMDGTBR8/s1600/image008-721345.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVDpuMvgWSGCEDrrzDlmJ5RWEhV6SgTJVMrgoKep1y8CHgYWjUfgiXaItPHT5rZa85XNGbXSdyUSYwJut9wLdlSSiwce4WH245XBLfqiX9rBVUguoFFWNEDOz0_CadLUDroxnBMDGTBR8/s400/image008-721345.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5875421292346790418&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.3&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1028&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1429511977&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;margin-left:0cm;text-align:left;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2&#39;&gt;&lt;![if !supportLists]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;mso-list:Ignore&#39;&gt;(1)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;position:relative;top:5.0pt;mso-text-raise:-5.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1029&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:17.25pt;height:17.25pt;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page;mso-position-vertical-relative:page&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image001.wmz@01CE4BD1.D571DBE0&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvuW5Xw5s7QAwAxQh3gkGewi96G7OAjq-xNKwURwqXH1056YjIi_nS_EDf8n3CmA63B75c0kgtmbSig00BUgF8euE5cZLVV2ILG0jVmyuA9yGI6DlGlAae3alu6KLPa_pye4lAXEGpUCc/s1600/image002-716227.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvuW5Xw5s7QAwAxQh3gkGewi96G7OAjq-xNKwURwqXH1056YjIi_nS_EDf8n3CmA63B75c0kgtmbSig00BUgF8euE5cZLVV2ILG0jVmyuA9yGI6DlGlAae3alu6KLPa_pye4lAXEGpUCc/s400/image002-716227.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5875421270784126066&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.3&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1029&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1429511978&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;position:relative;top:7.0pt;mso-text-raise:-7.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1030&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:235.5pt;height:18.75pt;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page;mso-position-vertical-relative:page&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image009.wmz@01CE4BD1.D571DBE0&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiC6mMQUYQ_ap04VI0rIx5izzk9I7-zwFnYEUzRZne3iDvPxPprVznbjYn6y_rzHkGtO7rOCuHqDvQ73TK1efCDvCSyKZl0y9wpO0cWT0gLQ1eXx8Bc9XDb_DvMza_T_Gw9JXh6X3IZeoY/s1600/image010-723325.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiC6mMQUYQ_ap04VI0rIx5izzk9I7-zwFnYEUzRZne3iDvPxPprVznbjYn6y_rzHkGtO7rOCuHqDvQ73TK1efCDvCSyKZl0y9wpO0cWT0gLQ1eXx8Bc9XDb_DvMza_T_Gw9JXh6X3IZeoY/s400/image010-723325.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5875421303203872610&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.3&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1030&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1429511979&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;position:relative;top:6.0pt;mso-text-raise:-6.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1031&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:114pt;height:18pt;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page;mso-position-vertical-relative:page&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image011.wmz@01CE4BD1.D571DBE0&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCqbYtf27GCZsgoTLzOF4hzKkwYcyYUsDViyNBxJ8lHRGnj7UXvDWq5lBpc6XC9FlXnQDI-ybbQulQmjD3LDTWTa38P0uAx4PKNjMsQMsyA1v6r0XvfUYz0blp5UOjAQdGOpdep-72mXw/s1600/image012-724991.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCqbYtf27GCZsgoTLzOF4hzKkwYcyYUsDViyNBxJ8lHRGnj7UXvDWq5lBpc6XC9FlXnQDI-ybbQulQmjD3LDTWTa38P0uAx4PKNjMsQMsyA1v6r0XvfUYz0blp5UOjAQdGOpdep-72mXw/s400/image012-724991.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5875421310631907026&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.3&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1031&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1429511980&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;position:relative;top:12.0pt;mso-text-raise:-12.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1032&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:93.75pt;height:33pt;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page;mso-position-vertical-relative:page&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image013.wmz@01CE4BD1.D571DBE0&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7TaZPIzOgVD5WHIBfDWyCd5Tuy85Dfocd5EANiT21t6VuKBLo_qZNQLtfpg1hYXB3eA-yxN6RtU52JijXJw9qsS-664xR_fYNeA6b2-x31EXK6NR4ZBRhktLdYwYZOK5unDaubYZbl5g/s1600/image014-727242.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7TaZPIzOgVD5WHIBfDWyCd5Tuy85Dfocd5EANiT21t6VuKBLo_qZNQLtfpg1hYXB3eA-yxN6RtU52JijXJw9qsS-664xR_fYNeA6b2-x31EXK6NR4ZBRhktLdYwYZOK5unDaubYZbl5g/s400/image014-727242.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5875421321083537522&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.3&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1032&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1429511981&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;position:relative;top:51.0pt;mso-text-raise:-51.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1033&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:289.5pt;height:110.25pt;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page;mso-position-vertical-relative:page&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image015.wmz@01CE4BD1.D571DBE0&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrpRx20GlH-lh0bpOmJxDltDK4JBz2i0LbvOABMlHX5aG1pQ3NDbex9kLoxtODR33rQ1EOKrHv8jwGDCDFFjX98Zt96fkIsv7Synh7zSjtjKeWBmNWYE1OuRGDNGGBAvsBlSt_BJBlVSA/s1600/image016-729251.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrpRx20GlH-lh0bpOmJxDltDK4JBz2i0LbvOABMlHX5aG1pQ3NDbex9kLoxtODR33rQ1EOKrHv8jwGDCDFFjX98Zt96fkIsv7Synh7zSjtjKeWBmNWYE1OuRGDNGGBAvsBlSt_BJBlVSA/s400/image016-729251.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5875421326260061186&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.3&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1033&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1429511982&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;margin-left:0cm;text-align:left;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2&#39;&gt;&lt;![if !supportLists]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;mso-list:Ignore&#39;&gt;(2)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;position:relative;top:5.0pt;mso-text-raise:-5.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1034&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:18.75pt;height:17.25pt;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page;mso-position-vertical-relative:page&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image017.wmz@01CE4BD1.D571DBE0&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTSAM0bOpNPyefGBX8cGDl51w0Wp14wwDUARdepIEoWqn0iY_9bfxOgxyzC8FfjJXYXG63LRHjD6DvA5-DV45SC2MOUfXLZWiyLpTrg1d2kuOOq90NaarnvA_TsMfMbyjIvYxlZJInn_8/s1600/image004-717547.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTSAM0bOpNPyefGBX8cGDl51w0Wp14wwDUARdepIEoWqn0iY_9bfxOgxyzC8FfjJXYXG63LRHjD6DvA5-DV45SC2MOUfXLZWiyLpTrg1d2kuOOq90NaarnvA_TsMfMbyjIvYxlZJInn_8/s400/image004-717547.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5875421278355584866&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  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href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhi7ePVFMayiO2p73mwHGvxyoD_HV5Xsv6HgB6CHErZfKhpfnuZHzT10zZOxfAKP1itBb0CmaAonISMsle4_A_ZPg0R2Eag7jPjlllC9CbMMsx69t0Xubr05x2r4dgfXiF8TLTwzjIs7Y4/s1600/image019-730876.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhi7ePVFMayiO2p73mwHGvxyoD_HV5Xsv6HgB6CHErZfKhpfnuZHzT10zZOxfAKP1itBb0CmaAonISMsle4_A_ZPg0R2Eag7jPjlllC9CbMMsx69t0Xubr05x2r4dgfXiF8TLTwzjIs7Y4/s400/image019-730876.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5875421335236363202&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.3&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1035&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1429511984&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;position:relative;top:6.0pt;mso-text-raise:-6.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1036&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:117pt;height:18pt;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page;mso-position-vertical-relative:page&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image020.wmz@01CE4BD1.D571DBE0&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU_9lLDYNFFYfI29BdPDLgf_zJXhVBUoU5KNP1pva-ryuUdGXzjfuu1GvO4Yo8fos3WxhGI4UW6DXpkwNqqbdsFH8HuWqrug90ySJs4VIabbD6v272s5iUVEVzGg9N_UbuzUk3QuNSipU/s1600/image021-732975.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU_9lLDYNFFYfI29BdPDLgf_zJXhVBUoU5KNP1pva-ryuUdGXzjfuu1GvO4Yo8fos3WxhGI4UW6DXpkwNqqbdsFH8HuWqrug90ySJs4VIabbD6v272s5iUVEVzGg9N_UbuzUk3QuNSipU/s400/image021-732975.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5875421343361619410&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.3&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1036&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1429511985&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;margin-left:0cm;text-align:left;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1&#39;&gt;&lt;![if !supportLists]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;mso-list:Ignore&#39;&gt;2.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;有一應力張量的矩陣表示如下&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;position:relative;top:25.0pt;mso-text-raise:-25.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1037&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:86.25pt;height:56.25pt;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page;mso-position-vertical-relative:page&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image022.wmz@01CE4BD1.D571DBE0&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWmqbaKSS39WegBkhKWX6pV5wge_MDvZV2Rg6EFB_UaKsHaUwZc_V7LiAmWU0Q82uoFOB5g_sYdb2yQKdCviFZAqGwbGw6gysrg6mZ4JC3a79KOhoPg_o2l8NXSDOmFNIMPf1MOEGOl2k/s1600/image023-737384.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWmqbaKSS39WegBkhKWX6pV5wge_MDvZV2Rg6EFB_UaKsHaUwZc_V7LiAmWU0Q82uoFOB5g_sYdb2yQKdCviFZAqGwbGw6gysrg6mZ4JC3a79KOhoPg_o2l8NXSDOmFNIMPf1MOEGOl2k/s400/image023-737384.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5875421360438961378&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.3&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1037&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1429511986&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;Find first and second invariants of deviatoric stress tensor(20&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:&quot;新細明體&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;分&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;Sol:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;position:relative;top:41.0pt;mso-text-raise:-41.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1038&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:213.75pt;height:87.75pt;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page;mso-position-vertical-relative:page&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image024.wmz@01CE4BD1.D571DBE0&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDwEzoDNxCCz-j5MzHicuYkdWaiAFC5nZfSSY4vlZlH5KquwXFCtY71OyvTl9Oxc2gvNKjf0rm0nxwmck4SZHk2fMGfzBc5UBiIps_RgwoCtjCPOtCIyfwU4K_ABrjpbKtKTok9Wybm1A/s1600/image025-739646.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDwEzoDNxCCz-j5MzHicuYkdWaiAFC5nZfSSY4vlZlH5KquwXFCtY71OyvTl9Oxc2gvNKjf0rm0nxwmck4SZHk2fMGfzBc5UBiIps_RgwoCtjCPOtCIyfwU4K_ABrjpbKtKTok9Wybm1A/s400/image025-739646.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5875421370627050722&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.3&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1038&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1429511987&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;position:relative;top:5.0pt;mso-text-raise:-5.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1039&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:121.5pt;height:17.25pt;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page;mso-position-vertical-relative:page&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image026.wmz@01CE4BD1.D571DBE0&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSE30u9u9LQw960JqkgmpYx7FzAcMKNaaVo4wskqfbpZARQmUFNR2nLGLCY93xpjbx0TNbEj4mKmcB2yxwSZYewbUlU1Jl7CWZLB1xpXF3wPyTTFG1WlvnMgp0R_xwiRO88LJnh2iPxPU/s1600/image027-741394.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSE30u9u9LQw960JqkgmpYx7FzAcMKNaaVo4wskqfbpZARQmUFNR2nLGLCY93xpjbx0TNbEj4mKmcB2yxwSZYewbUlU1Jl7CWZLB1xpXF3wPyTTFG1WlvnMgp0R_xwiRO88LJnh2iPxPU/s400/image027-741394.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5875421378648109106&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.3&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1039&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1429511988&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;position:relative;top:25.0pt;mso-text-raise:-25.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1040&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:252pt;height:116.25pt;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page;mso-position-vertical-relative:page&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image028.wmz@01CE4BD1.D571DBE0&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirTVXwuYtLpsHwAIcbmLpkvKwVB8SyhdllGjw86qNbXeoJFC0jm1Ltw042u53F5KrsGwuc9Du51f8_orh9NAfNvvCNMOCzoTAOYTzHix7MpI9ca8cxwXwPngbxABy8Xq0qKI6cXRjVBcY/s1600/image029-743297.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirTVXwuYtLpsHwAIcbmLpkvKwVB8SyhdllGjw86qNbXeoJFC0jm1Ltw042u53F5KrsGwuc9Du51f8_orh9NAfNvvCNMOCzoTAOYTzHix7MpI9ca8cxwXwPngbxABy8Xq0qKI6cXRjVBcY/s400/image029-743297.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5875421386169324994&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.3&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1040&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1429511989&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;margin-left:0cm;text-align:left;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1&#39;&gt;&lt;![if !supportLists]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;mso-list:Ignore&#39;&gt;3.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;舉例解釋下列名詞&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;Isotropic soil(10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;分&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;Homogeneous soil(10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;分&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;Sol:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;margin-left:0cm;text-align:left;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3&#39;&gt;&lt;![if !supportLists]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;mso-list:Ignore&#39;&gt;(1)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;Isotropic soil:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=ZH-CN style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體;letter-spacing:.75pt&#39;&gt;等向性&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=ZH-CN style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;土壤&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;，&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=ZH-CN style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;土壤性質&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=ZH-CN style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;如&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;Young&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=ZH-CN style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;氏係數、&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;Poisson&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=ZH-CN style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;比、剪應力彈性係數&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;...)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=ZH-CN style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;乃是有方向性的，而如果由某一土壤朝各個方向之土壤性質均相同，則此材料點具有等向性&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;margin-left:0cm;text-align:left;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3&#39;&gt;&lt;![if !supportLists]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;mso-list:Ignore&#39;&gt;(2)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;Homogeneous soil:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=ZH-CN style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體;letter-spacing:.75pt&#39;&gt;均質&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=ZH-CN style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;土壤&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;，&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=ZH-CN style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;土壤體內各點的&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;物理&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=ZH-CN style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體&#39;&gt;性質，在各方向均對應相同，則稱之為&lt;span style=&#39;letter-spacing:1.0pt&#39;&gt;均質材料&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;margin-left:0cm;text-align:left;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1&#39;&gt;&lt;![if !supportLists]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;mso-list:Ignore&#39;&gt;4.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;虎克定律的應力&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;應變關係如下，平面應變的組合率為何&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;?(20&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;分&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;position:relative;top:67.0pt;mso-text-raise:-67.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1041&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:302.25pt;height:140.25pt;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page;mso-position-vertical-relative:page&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image030.wmz@01CE4BD1.D571DBE0&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a 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style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;Sol:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;position:relative;top:32.0pt;mso-text-raise:-32.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1042&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:136.5pt;height:69.75pt;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page;mso-position-vertical-relative:page&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image032.wmz@01CE4BD1.D571DBE0&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a 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style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;平面應變 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;position:relative;top:5.0pt;mso-text-raise:-5.0pt&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1043&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot; style=&#39;width:81pt;height:17.25pt;mso-wrap-style:square;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page;mso-position-vertical-relative:page&#39; o:ole=&quot;&quot;&gt;  &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;cid:image034.wmz@01CE4BD1.D571DBE0&quot; o:title=&quot;&quot; /&gt;  &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;![if !vml]&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFQ4jXOS9t-Pb4Qm4SFIRrKjRdzIw2ZnPukjLivyvTnqU2-k6cgKqw1LyglilIX6hV8ZvkPbYIDoxXRdpqhiYMEZm89BHtbEbmYxonows5phEyXK-32g9kN9ohtC8IO2vPFKSR55vMt8s/s1600/image035-749637.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img 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src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWbVyEmxwn2NJzQTVdpQyNO0aJBcnGHm_Ui_mDEv3zX7DKCplP26MZ63XwwcYo57BwFFVu0NYaepCLla4hJlQc2CMv7R_Z0pJE5u3oUP-dJwFI7PKt5_ZQpRsm_dhy0GFxjvZ0CIbAi5M/s400/image047-760548.png&quot;  border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5875421462296663714&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;o:OLEObject Type=&quot;Embed&quot; ProgID=&quot;Equation.3&quot; ShapeID=&quot;_x0000_i1049&quot; DrawAspect=&quot;Content&quot; ObjectID=&quot;_1429511998&quot;&gt;  &lt;/o:OLEObject&gt;  &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;margin-left:0cm;text-align:left;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1&#39;&gt;&lt;![if !supportLists]&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;mso-list:Ignore&#39;&gt;5.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;![endif]&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;已知卡氏三度空間座標的正方向，請在立方體透視圖上繪出正的&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;normal stresses and shear stresses(20&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;分&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;) &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;span lang=EN-US style=&#39;font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW&#39;&gt;SOL:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=MsoNormal align=left style=&#39;text-align:left&#39;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;直線接點_x0020_34&quot; 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type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/1731828465151631614'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6550716330067155185/posts/default/1731828465151631614'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://chengjiabang.blogspot.com/2013/05/1020502.html' title='非線性力學期中考題 102.05.02'/><author><name>Jiabang</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/05827258225487765597</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvuW5Xw5s7QAwAxQh3gkGewi96G7OAjq-xNKwURwqXH1056YjIi_nS_EDf8n3CmA63B75c0kgtmbSig00BUgF8euE5cZLVV2ILG0jVmyuA9yGI6DlGlAae3alu6KLPa_pye4lAXEGpUCc/s72-c/image002-716227.png" height="72" 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