Linux Corner

Linux Corner: Configure Your Linux Server as Postfix Mailing gateway in step by Step

2013-05-20T12:04:00.001+05:30

Linux Corner: Configure Your Linux Server as Postfix Mailing gateway in step by Step

Configure Your Linux Server as Postfix Mailing gateway in step by Step

2013-05-20T11:44:00.002+05:30

Set Up Postfix as Email server Step by step:

1 For this tutorial I have used following software:

I OS- Linux Cent OS 5.4

II. Fetch mail 6.3 to retrieve email from remote server

III Postfix 2.3.3 as MDA

IV Dovecot /IMAP

V Squirrelmail as webmail

VI MS Outlook as email clinet program

Step-I .Install Redhat Enterprise Linux or Centos then install above listed package as explained below

[root@satishmalanch ~]# yum install postfix

[root@satishmalanch ~]# yum install fetchmail

[root@satishmalanch ~]# yum install dovecot

[root@satishmalanch ~]# yum install squirrelmail

If you are not able to install squirrelmail with yum then you can download it from http://squirrelmail.org/ and detail procedure to install is also mentioned.

Now in my scenario my server IP will be 192.168.0.100 and it will retrieve the email from an external server mail.satishmalanch.org.My local host name is mail.satishmalanch.local

My domain name is :satishmalanch.local

Step II Edit main.cf file

Insert following code in /etc/postfix/main.cf

#------------------------------Satish Kr Malanch Code begin here------------------------

myhostname = mail.satishmalanch.local

mydomain = satishmalanch.local

myorigin = $mydomain

mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost, $mydomain

relay_domains = $mydestination

#configuration for SMTP authentication

#relayhost = [mail.shardamotor.com]

#smtp_sasl_auth_enable = yes

#smtp_sasl_security_options = noanonymous

#smtp_sasl_password_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd

canonical_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/canonical

virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual

smtp_generic_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/generic

home_mailbox = Maildir/

mynetworks = 192.168.0.0/24, 192.168.6.0/24,127.0.0.0/8, 172.168.0.0/24, 172.168.20.0/24, 172.168.21.0/24,

relayhost = mail.satishmalanch.org

#------------------------------Satish Kr Malanch Code code end here------------------------

Step-III: Now create a file sasl_passwd and enter mail server address username and password then save

Vim /etc/sasl_passwd

mail.satishmalanch.org username@satishmalanch.org:password

This is For authentication to external server

Step-IV Open /etc/postfix/canonical and enter

@mail.satishmalanch.local @satishmalnahc.org

Step-V Open /etc/postfix/generic and enter

@mail.satishmalanch.local @satishmalnahc.org

Step-VI Open /etc/postfix/virtual

User1@satishamalnch.org user1

User2@satishamalnch.org user2

Now on terminal enter following commands:

postmap hash:/etc/postfix/canonical

postmap hash:/etc/postfix/generic

postmap hash:/etc/postfix/virtual

postmap hash:/etc/sasl_passwd

Step-VIITo retrieve mails from external server create a fetchmail file

Vim /home/mail_admin/fetchmailrc

poll mail.satishmalanch.org

proto pop3

user "user1@satishmalanch.org"

pass "passwordofuser1"

is user1

user "user2@satishmalanch.org"

pass "passwordofuser2"

is user2

save and exit

Step-VIII[root@satishmalanch]# chmod 600 .fetchmailrc

Now Schedule fetchmail to run every minute with a cron job

Enter

Step-IX[root@satishmalanch]# crontab -e

0-59 * * * * fetchmail -v -f '/home/mail_admin/.fetchmailrc' &>/home/mail_admin/incoming.log

Save and exit

From above job fetchmail will reterive mails and will send output to incoming.log file

Now you have configured postfix server.Just restart all the required services with commands

[root@satishmalanch]# /etc/init.d/postfix/restart

[root@satishmalanch]# /etc/init.d/dovecot restart

Step-X To access mail from webmail you can enter url http;//yourserverip/webmail

You can configure setting with outlook or any other client.

To check downloading mails:

[root@satishmalanch]# tailf /home/mail_admin/incoming.log

Creating Static Route in Linux

2013-01-25T15:16:00.001+05:30

Static routes improves overall performance of your network.They are also useful in stub networks (i.e. there is only one link to the network). For example, each LAN (located at different offices) is connected VPN or lease line.
They are very helpfull in bandwidth saving also
So here we go :
Login in root :
to view routs:

root@sd-malanch.blogspot.com# ip route show

Adding route in linux server

root@sd-malanch.blogspot.com# route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.01 dev eth1

root@sd-malanch.blogspot.com# /etc/init.d network restart

Connect with me on :

Setting Up NAT Server in Linux

2011-06-30T14:58:00.016+05:30

Here I have mentioned How to setup a NAT server in Linux in just few servers with the help of iptable.

In my scenario I have tested with Red Hat enterprise Linux 6(Kernal 3.5) but I think I should work with most of linux kernels .

In my Environment there are two lan card on my linux system where I want to setup NAT server.

I am assuming a well configured linux system where iptable and network connectivity is working with two NIC card and IP address configured are :

For eth0

IP=110.234.6.180/24 and gateway =110.234.6.170

(In most of practical scenario eth0 is given as public ip provided by your ISP)

For eth0

IP=192.168.0.251/24

Now login to terminal with superuser (root)

First you need to tell your kernel that you want to allow IP forwarding.

#echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

Now configure iptables to forward the packets from your internal network(192.168.0.0), on /dev/eth1, to your external network(110.234.6.180 i.e provided by your ISP) on /dev/eth0. You do this will the following commands:

# iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE

#  iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -m state   --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

# iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT

Now now open /etc/sysctl.conf in your editor (in my case I am using vim)

#vim. /etc/sysctl.conf

Change the line that says net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0to net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

Now now edit /etc/sysconfig/iptables-config in your editor (in my case I am using vim) make sure that:

IPTABLES_MODULES_UNLOAD, IPTABLES_SAVE_ON_STOP, IPTABLES_SAVE_ON_RESTART are all set to 'yes'.

Reboot machine and you are done.

Linux Troubleshooting and Tutorial

2011-06-01T16:34:00.001+05:30

1. How to Check Disk Space in Linux

2. How to Check RAM.Memory Inforamtion in Linux

3.Check the temperature of your CPU in Linux

4. Getting cpu info in Linux

Click Here for Solution

Which Linux Distro is best for me....

2010-09-03T15:41:00.004+05:30

Best Linux for me

Hi all,

I am back with my next blog. In this article I am going to help those who are planning to install linux for some reason but are confused to select linux disto because there are plenty of linux freely available to download. So which linux should I install here is mentioned :

1.I Just want to try linux :

If you just want to try linux then you don’t need to install it at all,

For this you can test linux with the help of Linux live CD known as ‘knoppix “.

Almost all Linux distro provide their live cd.

The user can run many different software applications and he may also save documents / files created during a Live CD session to persistent storage like a hard disk or a flash drive.

A Linux Live CD can also be used in situations when your windows has crashed and you want to save your existing data on another media before reinstalling windows. The only problem is that such distributions tend to run slower than fully installed Linux distributions.

You can also try linux on your windows machine with some virtualization software like Virtual PC (Microsoft ),Virtual Box or with VMWare

2.Linux for Home users /Notebooks :

With my personal experience to linux I think that Ubantu and PCLinuxOS are two best destro of linux for home users. Ubantu and PC Linux OS both offer user friendly applications,Games , Desiging softwares and office Packages. Personaly I installed ubantu in my HP Laptop in 2009 dual boot with windows XP. In my same laptop ( P4,2.4 GHz /512 MB ) I was unable to run Windows Vista and Windows 7 properly.Even my windows XP takes more than one minute to boot up after grub selection , wheres as my ubantu 10.04 (Lucid Lynx ) takes less than 40 seconds in the same notebook. I run music audio and video files (almost any formate ) in VLC media player and using firefox for fastbrowsing and Impathy for gmail and hotmails chat client.It has a predictable, six-month release schedule, with occasional Long Term Support (LTS) .Ubuntu is also notable for its ease of use and its inclusion of a migration assistant for Windows users and support for the latest technologies. Version 10.10 of Ubuntu--also known asMaverick Meerkat--will include a multitouch and gesture stack. The final iteration of that version is due out next month Personaly I don’t remember when I have logged in to windows in my laptop after Ubantu.

On the other hand if you have good hardware (any new computer P4 2.0 or above with more than 1 GB ram then Fedora 11,and Fedora 12 are also very good choices.

3.Linux for old computers :

Puppy Linux is a Live CD distribution that has a small installer and will run just fine on computers with RAM as little as 64 MB. Puppy Linux can boot from several media including USB flash drives, CD or a zip drive. Puppy Linux will run totally in RAM so make sure you save the modified personal files to a disk else you’ll lose the changes when the system shuts down.

Xubuntu, a variant of Ubuntu is also a possibility. Xubuntu uses xfce, a desktop environment that uses less system resources than GNOME that comes with the Ubuntu distribution. Xubuntu versions are released twice a year, coinciding with Ubuntu releases.

antiX is another good choice for old computers – it should run on systems that were considered slow when Windows 98 was released (like the Pentium II series). Damn Small Linux and Zenwalk are other variations that have minimal hardware requirements.

4. Linux for Commercial /Production Environment :

For core production /Comercial Environement I will recommend some enterprise version of linux such as Red Hat Enterprise Linux ,Oracle Enterprise or suse Enterprise Linux.

However Cent OS is a very good choice if you don’t need any support. It is just clone of Red Hat Enterprise Linux without any official support of Red Hat. All the Red Hat Logos are removed in Cent OS. In my office we are using CentOS as mail server from last 3 years withour any issue till date.

Fedora is also a good choice for both server and desktop end.

And finally Ubantu is always free there.

                       Finaly if you have sufficient resources than you not try to hesitate to taste each flavor of Linux….

   Regards

   Satish Malanch

Installing Flash Player in Fedora Machine

2010-06-25T17:30:00.000+05:30

Usualy we cannot open web pages containng Flash images in Fedora linux because flash player in not installed by default. And as we try to install missing plug-in we get error. so here is procedure to install flash player.

First of all download rpm or tar format flash plugin form adobe website. In my case i downloaded .rpm format to my /tmp directory . now open terminal and change your working directory to /tmp
and type following

[root@linux1 tmp]# rpm -ivh flash-plugin-10.1.53.64-release.i386.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:flash-plugin ########################################### [100%]

The .rpm file also copies the adobe General Public Key (GPG key) to /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-adobe-linux but does not import it. To import the key, type:

[root@linux1 tmp]# rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-adobe-linux

Now install plug-in with yum command

[root@linux1 tmp]# 
yum install flash-plugin alsa-plugins-pulseaudio \
    libcurl'

and finaly


[root@linux1 tmp]# yum install nspluginwrapper

Now you can open any web contain flash.

Regards

Satish Malanch

Playing Movies on Ubantu 10.04 Linux with VLC Media Player

2010-06-25T15:45:00.000+05:30

Installing VLC Media Player on Ubantu 10.04

Insatlling vlc media player is quite simple in ubantu-box

open terminal and type

% sudo apt-get update
% sudo apt-get install vlc vlc-plugin-pulse mozilla-plugin-vlc

and enjoy

..................Satish Malanch

Playing movies ,songs in Fedora linux ,Installing VLC in Linux

2010-06-23T10:14:00.000+05:30

One of the main reason why home users dont prefer linux to use is that they can t play music on linux machine. This article will describe how to play movies in your fedora linux. VLC media player is capable to play any music file . by default Fedora does not come with VLC media player. So here i am going to explain how to install VLC media Player in Linux. This not big game just 3 step procedure. All you need to have a Fedora working machine with configured and working yum repositry and a stabel internet connection.

Open terminal and type there: ( you must be login with root otherwise try su )

[root@malanch ~]# rpm -ivh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-stable.noarch.rpm

This will display like this:

Retrieving http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-stable.noarch.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.cqf8YE: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 signature: NOKEY, key ID 8fcff4da
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:rpmfusion-free-release ########################################### [100%]

now type :

[root@linux ~]# yum install vlc

and you are done . now you can play any music file (.dat,.3gp,.mpg,vob,avi ) in your linux machine.

Enabling Networking in Fedora 7.0 + and CentOS 5.2+

2010-04-10T10:07:00.001+05:30

Hi again..

By default networking remain disabled in Fedora 11/12 ( LAN card status down ). Even there IP Address is properly configured . So here is the procedure.

First of all assign IP address and DNS properly.

[root@satish~]#setup

now select Network Configration

and assign IP address.

Now edit your ifcfg-eth0 file

[root@satish~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

and set ONBOOT=yes in this file as shown below:

Now save this file by pressing :wq!

Now restart network daemon by following command:

[root@satish~]#/etc/init.d/network/start

Now open your firewall ( iptable ) for

Samba ,Samba client and other required services and add eth0 into your trusted interface:

now restart your firewall service by

[root@satish~]#/etc/init.d/iptables/restart

in this way you can enable networking in your machine and can add linux machine into your Network.

.............Satish Malanch

Setting up Yum server with repositry shared on Windows machine ( With Samba server)

2010-03-31T13:09:00.000+05:30

Hi all,

In this artical i am going to install Samba server firstly than with help of samba server i will mount the window share on linux machine further with a windows shared repositry we will configure Yum server . So here we goes..

Step I. First of all extract all Linux package on a windows machine on a folder now share that folder. ( In my case the name of windows machine in "myfileserver'' with IP Address "192.168.5.101", and the linux packhages are in " E:\Softwares\malanchreposerver " now I have shared "E:\Softwares "as "satishkrmalanch$" and to access this share only to a user " satish " and password for the user "Geni0$neverbornYbirth"

Step II :
Now install samba server and configure it.
now on linux machine
type following command
mount //192.168.5.101/satishkrmalanch$ /winshare

with this command share will be mounted on /winshare

now creat a repo file in my case "malanch.repo" and give it path in it as mentioned below:

You can also permantely mount your windows share on linux by making a credential file containing user name and password for windows share and then by adding a single line in /etc/fstab file:

# vim /etc/hosts

192.168.5.101 myfileserver

Now creat a password credential file:

#vi /etc/cifspw

username=satish

password=Geni0$neverbornYbirth

Secure this file now:

#Chmod 600 /etc/cifspw

Now enter following into your fstab file to make mount permanent:

//myfileserver/satishkrmalanch$  /winshare  cifs exec,credentials=/etc/cifspw 0 0

Now make samba service active on startup by this command:

#chkconfig smb on

and now you are done. Make your firewall open for smb ,smb client demon on.

and enjoy to install software with yum command now.

Regards

: Satish Malanch

Configuring YUM server for LInux on Windows FTP server

2010-01-21T14:02:00.000+05:30

Hi all,
In this artical i am going to setup YUM ( Yellowdog Update Modified) server on a Windows based FTP server.Here we go;
First of all copy Full DVD of your linux distribution on a windows ftp server.
In my case i have copied all the contented of Fedora core-11dvd on my windows ftp server (192.168.5.52\fedora11)
The exact link location is ftp://192.168.5.52/fedora11

Now on Linux system follow the following steps
1. Move all the repo file to a backup location in my case /backup/yum.repod

[root@satish.malanch.com tmp ]# mv /etc/yum.repod/*  /backup/yum.repod/

[root@satish.malanch.com tmp ]# cp /backup/yum.repod/fedora.repo /etc/yum.repod/satishmalanch.repo

Now edit this file with vim edtior:
root@satish.malanch.com tmp ]# vim /etc/yum.repod/satishmalanch.repo

Edit the file as shown in above figure.
Now run following command:

[root@satish.malanch.com tmp ]# yum clean all 

Now you have configured the yum repositry on a windows based ftp server on network.

You can now install the packages without any dependancy.

...........................  Satish Kr Malanch

Configuring vsftp Server (FTP server) in Linux ............Satish Malanch

2010-01-15T10:11:00.000+05:30

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used to exchange and manipulate files over a TCP/IP based network, such as the Internet. FTP is built on a client-server architecture and utilizes separate control and data connections between the client and server applications. Applications were originally interactive command-line tools with a standardized command syntax, but graphical user interfaces have been developed for all desktop operating systems in use today. FTP is also often used as an application component to automatically transfer files for program internal functions. FTP can be used with user-based password authentication or with anonymous user access.

Types of FTP

From a networking perspective, the two main types of FTP are active and passive. In active FTP, the FTP server initiates a data transfer connection back to the client. For passive FTP, the connection is initiated from the FTP client. These are illustrated in Figure 15-1.

Figure : Active And Passive FTP Illustrated

From a user management perspective there are also two types of FTP: regular FTP in which files are transferred using the username and password of a regular user FTP server, and anonymous FTP in which general access is provided to the FTP server using a well known universal login method.
Take a closer look at each type.

Active FTP

The sequence of events for active FTP is:

Your client connects to the FTP server by establishing an FTP control connection to port 21 of the server. Your commands such as 'ls' and 'get' are sent over this connection.
Whenever the client requests data over the control connection, the server initiates data transfer connections back to the client. The source port of these data transfer connections is always port 20 on the server, and the destination port is a high port (greater than 1024) on the client.
Thus the ls listing that you asked for comes back over the port 20 to high port connection, not the port 21 control connection.

FTP active mode therefore transfers data in a counter intuitive way to the TCP standard, as it selects port 20 as it's source port (not a random high port that's greater than 1024) and connects back to the client on a random high port that has been pre-negotiated on the port 21 control connection.
Active FTP may fail in cases where the client is protected from the Internet via many to one NAT (masquerading). This is because the firewall will not know which of the many servers behind it should receive the return connection.

Passive FTP

Passive FTP works differently:

Your client connects to the FTP server by establishing an FTP control connection to port 21 of the server. Your commands such as ls and get are sent over that connection.
Whenever the client requests data over the control connection, the client initiates the data transfer connections to the server. The source port of these data transfer connections is always a high port on the client with a destination port of a high port on the server.

Passive FTP should be viewed as the server never making an active attempt to connect to the client for FTP data transfers. Because client always initiates the required connections, passive FTP works better for clients protected by a firewall.
As Windows defaults to active FTP, and Linux defaults to passive, you'll probably have to accommodate both forms when deciding upon a security policy for your FTP server.

Configuruing FTP Server in Fedora Core 11 :

Install rpm by yum or rpm command:

[root@satish.malanchlinux.com]#cd /satishdata/install/Packages

[root@satish.malanchlinux.com Packages]#rpm –ivh –adi vsftpd*

[root@satish.malanchlinux.com Packages]#yum install *ftp*

Start/Restart vsftpd demon:

[root@satish.malanchlinux.com]#/etc/inid/vsftpd start

[root@satish.malanchlinux.com]#/etc/inid/vsftpd restart

With Redhat / Fedora you can configure VSFTPD to start at boot you can use the chkconfig command.

[root@satish.malanchlinux.com]# chkconfig vsftpd on

The vsftpd.conf File

VSFTPD only reads the contents of its vsftpd.conf configuration file only when it starts, so you'll have to restart VSFTPD each time you edit the file in order for the changes to take effect. The file may be located in either the /etc or the /etc/vsftpd directories depending on your Linux distribution.
This file uses a number of default settings you need to know about.

VSFTPD runs as an anonymous FTP server. Unless you want any remote user to log into to your default FTP directory using a username of anonymous and a password that's the same as their email address, I would suggest turning this off. The configuration file's anonymous_enable directive can be set to no to disable this feature. You'll also need to simultaneously enable local users to be able to log in by removing the comment symbol (#) before the local_enable instruction.
If you enable anonymous FTP with VSFTPD, remember to define the root directory that visitors will visit. This is done with the anon_root directive.

anon_root=/data/directory

VSFTPD allows only anonymous FTP downloads to remote users, not uploads from them. This can be changed by modifying the anon_upload_enable directive shown later.
VSFTPD doesn't allow anonymous users to create directories on your FTP server. You can change this by modifying the anon_mkdir_write_enable directive.
VSFTPD logs FTP access to the /var/log/vsftpd.log log file. You can change this by modifying the xferlog_file directive.
By default VSFTPD expects files for anonymous FTP to be placed in the /var/ftp directory. You can change this by modifying the anon_root directive. There is always the risk with anonymous FTP that users will discover a way to write files to your anonymous FTP directory. You run the risk of filling up your /var partition if you use the default setting. It is best to make the anonymous FTP directory reside in its own dedicated partition.

The configuration file is fairly straight forward as you can see in the snippet below where we enable anonymous FTP and individual accounts simultaneously.

# Allow anonymous FTP?

anonymous_enable=YES

...

# The directory which vsftpd will try to change

# into after an anonymous login. (Default = /var/ftp)

anon_root=/data/directory

...

# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.

local_enable=YES

...

# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.

# (Needed even if you want local users to be able to upload files)

write_enable=YES

...

# Uncomment to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only

# has an effect if global write enable is activated. Also, you will

# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.

#anon_upload_enable=YES

...

# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create

# new directories.

#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES

...

# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.

xferlog_enable=YES

...

# You may override where the log file goes if you like.

# The default is shown below.

xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log

...

To activate or deactivate a feature, remove or add the # at the beginning of the appropriate line.

Other vsftpd.conf Options

There are many other options you can add to this file:

Limiting the maximum number of client connections (max_clients)
Limiting the number of connections by source IP address (max_per_ip)
The maximum rate of data transfer per anonymous login. (anon_max_rate)
The maximum rate of data transfer per non-anonymous login. (local_max_rate)

Descriptions on this and more can be found in the vsftpd.conf man pages.

FTP Security Issues

FTP has a number of security drawbacks, but you can overcome them in some cases. You can restrict an individual Linux user's access to non-anonymous FTP, and you can change the configuration to not display the FTP server's software version information, but unfortunately, though very convenient, FTP logins and data transfers are not encrypted.

The /etc/vsftpd.ftpusers File

For added security, you may restrict FTP access to certain users by adding them to the list of users in the /etc/vsftpd.ftpusers file. The VSFTPD package creates this file with a number of entries for privileged users that normally shouldn't have FTP access. As FTP doesn't encrypt passwords, thereby increasing the risk of data or passwords being compromised, it is a good idea to let these entries remain and add new entries for additional security.

Anonymous Upload

If you want remote users to write data to your FTP server, then you should create a write-only directory within /var/ftp/pub. This will allow your users to upload but not access other files uploaded by other users. The commands you need are:

[root@satish.malanch.com tmp]# mkdir /var/ftp/pub/upload

[root@satish.malanch.com tmp]# chmod 722 /var/ftp/pub/upload

FTP Greeting Banner

Change the default greeting banner in the vsftpd.conf file to make it harder for malicious users to determine the type of system you have. The directive in this file is.

ftpd_banner= Welcome to Satish Malnch ftp services

Client Site access :

In Windows OS you can access the ftp services by typeing ftp server address in your webbrowser:

ie.

ftp://satish.malanch.com or ftp://192.168.5.20

it will prompt you for authonitaction then provide user name and password to login.

Some New and Great Features in Fedora 11

2010-01-07T16:00:00.000+05:30

Hi Friends,

In this artical i am going to mention some to the new cool and robust featue of Red Hat Fedora core 11.

1. Booting Time :
                             Boot time in this edition is minimum ever.With default software Packages in GNome session the booting time in between boot screen to login screen in less than 20 sec
( In init-5, in Init3 terminal is even fast ).

2.ABRT:
                  Automatic Bug Reporting Tool: Help non-power users with bug reporting, making it as easy as a few mouse clicks.

3. ext4 file System:

Make ext4 the default files system for anaconda-driven installs (replacing ext3). User should notice generally better performance, and benefit from things like persistent preallocation when using updated torrent clients, etc.Risk of data lose are very less in this file system. GRUB still does not offer Ext4 support under Fedora.
4. Better Surfing with Mozila Firefox 3.5:
                                                                 Firefox has been upgraded to version 3.5 .
5. Gnome Version 2.26
6. KDE Desktop version KDE 4.2
7. Tiger VNC : Tiger VNC is new tool for Remote support

Unable to login on Fedora 11 with root user in GUI

2009-12-30T13:58:00.000+05:30

I just install linux ( Fedora core -11) after interval of more than 6 months. Just installed Fedora core 11, surprisely there was one more option to create file sytem ext4 ,this file system was new for me.
Now as i finished installation ooooooooooooopsss
I was'nt able to login in GUI as super user. System refelect an error "unable to authoneticate"
Finaly after a littel bit R & D i got solution.Here it is:
Fedora 10 and above uses pam module called pam_succeed_if.so. This module is designed to succeed or fail authentication based on characteristics of the account belonging to the user being authenticated. One use is to select whether to load other modules based on this test. This module blocks root login using GUI.
to fix this problem

[satish@malanch.com]$su

Type your root password. Next, make a backup of /etc/pam.d/gdm, enter:

[root@malanch.com]#cp /etc/pam.d/gdm /root

Now open /etc/pam.d/gdm using gedit or vi text editor, enter:

[root@malanch.com]#vim /etc/pam.d/gdm

Alternatively, you can do everything in a one command:

su -c 'gedit /etc/pam.d/gdm

Find line that read as follows:

auth required pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet
Remove or comment out line by prefixing #.

# auth required pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet

Save and close the file. Logout from terminal and from GUI itself.
now restart ur machine by init 6.
Now you can login to your sytem in GUI with root user. (only in case of Fedora 10)

In case of Fedora 11 you need to edit one more file which is located in /etc/pam.d/gdm-password

[root@malanch.com]#vim /etc/pam.d/gdm-password

Find line that read as follows:

auth required pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet

Remove or comment out line by prefixing #.

Now restart and enjoy login with root.

... Satish Malanch
satishmalanch@gmail.com