Network Infotech

Smart Toilet

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Tue, 01 Jan 2019 16:08:00 +0000

Water ATM

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Tue, 01 Jan 2019 15:52:00 +0000

Transmission Media

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sat, 08 Dec 2018 17:25:00 +0000

A transmission media can be defined as anything that can carry information from a source to a destination
On the basis of transmission of data, the transmission media can be classified in to two categories:

1) Guided (Physical) transmission media
2) Unguided (Wireless) transmission media

1) Guided Transmission Media:

Guided media are those that provide a channel from one device to another.
The three Guided (Physical) media commonly used for data transmission are:

1. Twisted-Pair
2. Coaxial
3. Fiber Optics

2) Unguided (Wireless) transmission media:

Unguided media transport electromagnetic waves without using a physical conductor. This type of communication is often referred to as wireless communication.

1. Radio Transmission
2. Microwave Transmission
3. Infrared
4. Light wave Transmission

Internet

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sat, 01 Dec 2018 07:21:00 +0000

The internet is a type of world-wide computer network.

The internet is the collection of infinite numbers of connected computers that are spread across the world.

We can also say that the Internet is a computer network that interconnects hundreds of millions of computing devices throughout the world.

It is established as the largest network and sometimes called a network of the network that consists of numerous academic, business and government networks, which together carry various information.

The Internet is a global computer network providing a variety of information and communication facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized communication protocols.

When two computers are connected over the Internet, they can send and receive all kinds of information such as text, graphics, voice, video, and computer programs.

Types of Network

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Tue, 27 Nov 2018 13:50:00 +0000

1. LAN (Local Area Network):

It is privately-owned networks within a single building or campus of up to a few kilometres in size.

They are widely used to connect personal computers and workstations in company offices and factories to share resources (e.g., printers) and exchange information.

LANs are easy to design and troubleshoot.

In LAN, all the machines are connected to a single cable.

Different types of topologies such as Bus, Ring, Star and Tree are used.

The data transfer rates for LAN is up to 10 Gbits/s.

They transfer data at high speeds. High transmission rate are possible in LAN because of the short distance between various computer networks.

They exist in a limited geographical area.

Advantages ::

LAN transfers data at high speed.

LAN technology is generally less expensive.

2. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network):

MAN is a larger version of LAN which covers an area that is larger than the covered by LAN but smaller than the area covered by WAN.

A metropolitan area network or MAN covers a city. The best-known example of a MAN is the cable television network available in many cities.

MAN connects two or more LANs.

At first, the companies began jumping into the business, getting contracts from city governments to wire up an entire city.

The next step was television programming and even entire channels designed for cable only.

3. WAN (Wide Area Network):

WAN spans a large geographical area, often a country or region.

WAN links different metropolitan’s countries and national boundaries there by enabling easy communication.

It may be located entirely with in a state or a country or it may be interconnected around the world.

It contains a collection of machines intended for running user (i.e., application) programs. We will follow traditional usage and call these machines hosts.

The communication between different users of WAN is established using leased telephone lines or satellite links and similar channels.

computer network

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Fri, 23 Nov 2018 10:49:00 +0000

A computer network is a system in which multiple computers are connected to each other to share information and resources.

The physical connection between networked computing devices is established using either cable media or wireless media.

Advantages of Computer Networks:

File sharing

The major advantage of a computer network is that is allows file sharing and remote file access. A person sitting at one workstation that is connected to a network can easily see files present on another workstation, provided he is authorized to do so.

Resource sharing

All computers in the network can share resources such as printers, fax machines, modems, and scanners.

Better connectivity and communications

It allows users to connect and communicate with each other easily. Various communication applications included e-mail and groupware are used. Through e-mail, members of a network can send message and ensure safe delivery of data to other members, even in their absence.

Internet access

Computer networks provide internet service over the entire network. Every single computer attached to the network can experience the high speed internet.

Entertainment

Many games and other means of entertainment are easily available on the internet. Furthermore, Local Area Networks (LANs) offers and facilitates other ways of enjoyments, such as many players are connected through LAN and play a particular game with each other from remote location.

Inexpensive system

Shared resources mean reduction in hardware costs. Shared files mean reduction in memory requirement, which indirectly means reduction in file storage expenses. A particular software can be installed only once on the server and made available across all connected computers at once. This saves the expense of buying and installing the same software as many times for as many users.

Flexible access

A user can log on to a computer anywhere on the network and access his files. This offers flexibility to the user as to where he should be during the course of his routine.

Instant and multiple access

Computer networks are multiply processed many of users can access the same information at the same time. Immediate commands such as printing commands can be made with the help of computer networks.

Disadvantages of Computer Networks:

Lack of data security and privacy

Because there would be a huge number of people who would be using a computer network to get and share some of their files and resources, a certain user’s security would be always at risk. There might even be illegal activities that would occur, which you need to be careful about and aware of.

Presence of computer viruses and malwares

If even one computer on a network gets affected by a virus, there is a possible threat for the other systems getting affected too. Viruses can spread on a network easily, because of the interconnectivity of workstations. Moreover, multiple systems with common resources are the perfect breeding ground for viruses that multiply.

Lack of Independence

Since most networks have a centralized server and dependent clients, the client users lack any freedom whatsoever. Centralized decision making can sometimes hinder how a client user wants to use his own computer.

Lack of Robustness

As previously stated, if a computer network’s main server breaks down, the entire system would become useless. Also, if it has a bridging device or a central linking server that fails, the entire network would also come to a standstill.

Need an efficient handler

For a computer network to work efficiently and optimally, it requires high technical skills and know-how of its operations and administration. A person just having basic skills cannot do this job. Take note that the responsibility to handle such a system is high, as allotting permissions and passwords can be daunting. Similarly, network configuration and connection is very tedious and cannot be done by an average technician who does not have advanced knowledge.

Use(Applications) of Computer Networks:

Financial services

Nowadays, almost all the financial services depend on the computer network. You can access the financial services across the world. For example, a user can transfer money from one place to another by using the electronic fund transfer feature. You can use networking in various financial areas such as ATM, foreign exchange and credit history search.

Business

Nowadays, most of the works of businesses are done over the computers. To exchange the data and ideas, you need an effective data and resources sharing features. To do this, you need to connect the computer with each other through a network. For example, a person of one department of an organization can share or access the electronic data of other department through network.

Email services

A computer network provides you the facility to send or receive mails across the globe in few seconds.

Mobile applications

By using the mobile applications, such as cellular or wireless phones, you can communicate (exchange your views and ideas) with one other.

Directory services

It provides you the facility to store files on a centralized location to increase the speed of search operation worldwide.

Teleconferencing It contains voice conferencing and video conferencing which are based in networking. In teleconferencing the participants need not to be presented at the same location.

Server

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Tue, 13 Nov 2018 12:37:00 +0000

A server is a computer, a device or a program that is dedicated to managing network resources. Servers are often referred to as dedicated because they carry out hardly any other tasks apart from their server tasks.

There are a number of categories of servers, including print servers, file servers, network servers and database servers.

In theory, whenever computers share resources with client machines they are considered servers.

Some types of servers are

1. Application Servers
2. File Server
3. Proxy Server
4. Web Server
5. Mail Server

Super Computer

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sun, 11 Nov 2018 09:52:00 +0000

Super Computers are fast and most expensive computers.These computers are used for solve complex Science and engineering problems.Super Computers get their processing power by taking advantage of parallel processing many CPU's use at same time .The supercomputers can do up to ten trillion individual calculations every second.

Example of Supercomputer

1. K Computer

2. Columbia

Types Of Computers

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sun, 11 Nov 2018 09:36:00 +0000

1.Super Computer

2.Server Computer

3.Workstation Computer

4.Personal Computer

5.Micro Controller

6.Smartphone

What is Computer

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Fri, 09 Nov 2018 09:51:00 +0000

A computer is a machine or device that performs processes, calculations and operations based on instructions provided by a software or hardware program. It is designed to execute applications and provides a variety of solutions by combining integrated hardware and software components.

A computer is made up of multiple parts and components that facilitate user functionality. A computer has two primary categories:

Hardware: Physical structure that houses a computer's processor, memory, storage, communication ports and peripheral devices
Software: Includes operating system Operating System and software applications

A computer works with software programs that are sent to its underlying hardware architecture for reading, interpretation and execution. Computers are classified according to computing power, capacity, size, mobility and other factors, as personal computers , desktop computers, laptop computers, minicomputers, handheld computers and devices, mainframes or supercomputers.

RJ45 color codding

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Wed, 07 Nov 2018 14:40:00 +0000

RJ 45 CONNECTOR

T568B-: T568A-:

1.White Orange / Orange   1.White Green / Green

2.White Green / Blue 2.White Orange  / Blue

3.White Blue / Green 3.White Blue / Orange

4.White Brown / Brown 4.White Brown / Brown