Php Den

ODBC With PHP

2012-11-03T23:10:00.001+05:30

ODBC With PHP

ODBC (open database connectivity) is an application programming interface(API) that allows you to connect to a data source like msaccess , oracle etc…

ODBC is vendor dependent that means for each db there will be a specific ODBC driver.

ODBC driver is a .dll(dynamic link library) file. If the php application want to work with oracle db, we need to create a DSN for oracle.

DSN stands for Data Source Name, is the reference of the db to any front end application.

Create an ODBC/DSN for Oracle :

Start -> settings -> control panal -> administrative tools -> data sources

Click on “add” button.

Select a driver for which you want to setup a datasource.

Select Microsoft ODBC for oracle or oracle for Ora ***[MSORCL32.dll/SQORA32.dll] click on finish.

Data source name : oracledsn

Username : scott

Ok----ok

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Procedures In Mysql

2012-11-03T23:07:00.005+05:30

Procedures In Mysql

when you pass an sql query using mysql_query() function each the qyery gets compiled and after that it gets executed even if the query is same. This reduces the performance your application.

To overcome this ,we can use a procedure or a function in mysql.

Procedure will not a return a value back to the caller (but, using out parameters we are able to send multiple values to caller) where as a function returns a single a value back to the caller.

Procedure as associated with mainly two type of parameters.

1. IN –pass by value

2. OUT- pass by reference.

Steps to create a procedure :

1. Start mysql db server.

2. Open mysql prompt

C:\xampp\mysql\bin>mysql –u root –p

3. Change the delimiter

Mysql> delimiter//

4. Select a DB

Mysql>use employee //

Mysql> create a procedure myproc(OUT param1 INT)

BEGIN

Select count(*) into param1 from emp;

End//

Mysql>delimiter;

To invoke a procedure

Mysql> call myproc(@p);

Mysql> select @p;

Php program to invoke the above procedure?

<?php

$con = mysql_connect(“localhost”,”root”,””);

Mysql_select_db(“employee”);

$res = mysql_query(“call myproc(@s)”);

If($res)

{

$rs=mysql_query(“select @s”);

//var_dump($rs);

$row = mysql_fetch_row($rs);

Echo “number of records=”.$row[0];

}

Else

Echo “procedure not found”;

Mysql_close($con);

Inserting images in mysql:

Mysql has a BLOB(binary large objects) datatype which can be used to store binary data . blobs are typically images ,audio or other multimedia blob objects. Mysql has 4 blobs types.

a. TINYBLOB

b. BLOB

c. MEDIUMBLOB

d. LONGBLOB

All these types differ only in their sizes.

1. Create a table named “test_image” in mysql “employee” database having 3 columns show below.

Mysql> create table test_image(id int(10) auto_increment primary key, name varchar(20)m image blob);

Program to insert an image:

<?php

$con = mysql_connect(‘localhost’,’root’,’’);

Mysql_select_db(“employee”);

$data = file_get_contents(“images/back1.jpg”);

$data = addslashes($data);

$res = mysql_query(“insert into test_image(name,image) values(‘back1.jpg’,’$data’)”);

If($res)

Echo “record inserted”;

Else

Echo mysql_error();

Mysql_close();

Displaying images stored in mysql?

<?php

$con = mysql_connect('localhost','root','');

mysql_select_db("emp");

$rs = mysql_query("select * from test_image where id=1");

if(mysql_num_rows($rs)>0)

{

$row = mysql_fetch_row($rs);

$n = file_put_contents('Photo0104.jpg', $row[2]);

header("content_type:image/jpeg");

echo $row[2];

}

else

echo "no matching record found";

mysql_close($con);

OutPut:

Image displayed.

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My Sql : Joins

2012-11-02T09:45:00.000+05:30

Joins

TABLE1.CREATE TABLE EMP(EMPNO INT(10) PRIMARY KEY, ENAME VARCHAR(20), SAL FLOAT(10,2),DEPTNO INT(2));

TABLE2. CREATE TABLE DEPT(DEPTNO INT(2) PRIMARY KEY,DNAME VARCHAR(20), LOC VARCHAR(20));

TABLE1: INSERT INTO EMP(EMPNO,ENAME,SAL,DEPTNO) VALUES(101,’CHANDU’,123.45,10),(102,’KARANAM’,124.34,20),(103,’ASWINI’,145.23,10);

TABLE2:INSERT INTO DEPT(DEPTNO,DNAME,LOC) VALUES(10,’TECHNICAL’,’HYD’),(20,’ACCOUNTS’,’CHANNAI’);

SELECT E.EMPNO , E.ENAME,E.ESAL,E.DEPTNO,D.DNAME,D.LOC FROM EMP E , DEPT D WHERE E.DEPTNO = D.DEPTNO;

My Sql Functions With Examples

2012-11-02T09:41:00.000+05:30

My Sql Functions With Examples

Program to get the details of all the columns of “emp” table?

<?php

echo "<h1>";

$con = mysql_connect('localhost','root','');

mysql_select_db("emp");

$res = mysql_query("select * from emp1");

$i =0;

while($i< mysql_num_fields($res))

{

    echo "<u> information for columns".($i+1).":</u><br>";

    $meta = mysql_fetch_field($res,$i);

    echo "<pre>

        Blob            :   $meta->blob

        Max_length      :   $meta->max_length

        Name            :   $meta->name

        Not-Null        :   $meta->not_null

        Numeric         :   $meta->numeric

        Primary-key     :   $meta->primary_key

        Table           :   $meta->table

        Type            :   $meta->type

        Default         :   $meta->def

        Unique-key      :   $meta->unique_key

        Unsigned        :   $meta->unsigned

        Zerofill        :   $meta->zerofill

            </pre>";

        $i++;

}

mysql_close();

?>

OutPut:

information for columns1:

        Blob            :   0

        Max_length      :   3

        Name            :   empno

        Not-Null        :   1

        Numeric         :   1

        Primary-key     :   1

        Table           :   emp1

        Type            :   int

        Default         :

        Unique-key      :   0

        Unsigned        :   0

        Zerofill        :   0



information for columns2:

        Blob            :   0

        Max_length      :   12

        Name            :   ename

        Not-Null        :   0

        Numeric         :   0

        Primary-key     :   0

        Table           :   emp1

        Type            : string

        Default         :

        Unique-key      :   0

        Unsigned        :   0

        Zerofill        :   0



information for columns3:

        Blob            :   0

        Max_length      :   7

        Name            :   sal

        Not-Null        :   0

        Numeric         :   1

        Primary-key     :   0

        Table           :   emp1

        Type            :   real

        Default         :

        Unique-key      :   0

        Unsigned        :   0

        Zerofill        :   0

7.mysql_fetch_lengths(mywql result): get the length of each ouput in a result.

<?php

echo "<h1>";

$con = mysql_connect('localhost','root','');

mysql_select_db('emp');

$res = mysql_query("select * from emp1 where empno=101");

$record = mysql_fetch_assoc($res);

print_r($record);

echo "<br><br>";

$length = mysql_fetch_lengths($res);

print_r($length);

?>

OutPut:

Array ( [empno] => 101 [ename] => penna [sal] => 123.45 )

Array ( [0] => 3 [1] => 5 [2] => 6 )

8.mysql_field_len(mysql result , int $field_offset) : returns the length of the specified field.

9.mysql_field_name(mysql result , int $field_offset) : get the name of the specified field in a result.

10.mysql_field_type(mysql result,int $field_offset) : get the type of the specified field in a result.

<?php

echo "<h1>";

$con = mysql_connect('localhost','root','');

mysql_select_db('emp');

$rs = mysql_query("select * from emp1");

$i=0;

while($i< mysql_num_fields($rs))

{

    echo mysql_field_name($rs, $i)."--".mysql_field_table($rs, $i)."--".mysql_field_len($rs, $i)."<br>";

    $i++;

}

?>

OutPut:

empno--emp1--10

ename--emp1--20

sal--emp1—10

1.      Mysql_free_result(mysql result) : free mysql result memory.

2.      Mysql_get_client_info()

3.      Mysql_get_host_info()

4.      Mysql_get_proto_info()

5.      Mysql_get_server_info()

6.      Mysql_info()

7.      Mysql_num_fields(mysql result): get number of fields in result resource.

8.      Mysql_num_rows(mysql result): get number of rows/records in result resource.

9.      Mysql_ping($conn) : ping a server connection or reconnect if there is no connection.

PHP : My Sql Functions

2012-11-02T09:37:00.000+05:30

My Sql Functions

. Mysql_afffected_rows() : this function gets the number of affected rows in previous mysql operation(DML).

2. Mysql_data_seek(mysql result,in $row_number) : this function is used for moving internal result pointer.

Mysql_data_seek($rs,5);

Pointer points to 6^th record of my sql result.

3. Mysql_db_name(): returns the database name on success or false on failure.

4. Mysql_list_dbs(): returns all the database names present in mysql database server as a resource of type mysql result.

write a program to display all the database names present in “localhost” mysql db server[mysql>show databases;]?

<?php

echo "<h1>";

error_reporting(E_ALL);

$con = mysql_connect('localhost','root','');

$db_list = mysql_list_dbs($con);

$i=0;

$cnt= mysql_num_rows($db_list);

while($i<$cnt)

{

echo mysql_db_name($db_list, $i)."<br>";

$i++;

}

mysql_close();

OutPut:

information_schema

cdcol

emp

india

mysql

phpmyadmin

test

5.mysql_db_query(dbname,query): this function sends a mysql query to the specified database .in thes case no need of using mysql_select_db() function explicitly.

$rs = mysql_db_query(“employee”,”select * from emp”);

1. Mysql_fetch_field(mysql result,column number): get column information from a result type and return as an object. Returns an object containing field informations.

PHP : Mysql Select Query

2012-10-23T18:18:00.001+05:30

Mysql Select Query

MySql Select Query

1. The Select query is used to retrive data from a table of the database.

2. When we give a select query in mysql_query() function then the return type of this function will be a resource of type mysql result on success and false on failure.

3. Each column of a mysql result resource is identified by the column name or with column position number starts with 0,0 stands for first column.

4. The difference functions used for retrieving current record from mysql result resource is

Mysql_fetch_array(ref of result[,type]);

It returns the current record as numeric array and assosiate array.

5. The “type” argument value can be either the following pre-defined constants.

Mysql_NUM

Mysql_ ASSOC

Mysql_BOTH

Mysql_fetch_row(ref of result)

It returns the current record as a numeric array with keys as column numbers.

Mysql_fetch_object(ref of result)

It returns the current record as an object.

<?php

echo "<h1>";

$con = mysql_connect("localhost","root","");

mysql_select_db("emp");

$rs = mysql_query("select * from emp1");

echo "no. of records-". mysql_num_rows($rs)."<br>";

echo "no. of columns-". mysql_num_fields($rs)."<br><br>";

/*$row = mysql_fetch_array($rs);

$row= mysql_fetch_array($rs,MYSQL_NUM);

$row = mysql_fetch_array($rs,MYSQL_ASSOC);

$row = mysql_fetch_array($rs,MYSQL_BOTH);

$row = mysql_fetch_row($rs);

$row = mysql_fetch_assoc($rs);

print_r($row);*/

$row = mysql_fetch_object($rs);

echo $row->empno."--".$row->ename."--".$row->sal;

mysql_data_seek($rs,2);

<caption> Employee Details</caption>

<th>EmpNO</th>

<th>Ename</th>

<th>Salary</th>

</tr>

<?php

while($row = mysql_fetch_row($rs))

{

echo "<tr height=50>";

echo "<td>".$row[0]."</td>";

echo"<td>".$row[1]."</td>";

echo"<td>".$row[2]."</td>";

}

echo"</table>";

mysql_free_result($rs);

mysql_close($con);

</body>

Registration Form Using PHP And MySQL

2012-10-20T22:35:00.000+05:30

Registration Form Using PHP And MySQL

Registration Form Using PHP And MySQL :

EmpInsert.html

<html>

<h1 align="center">Indian Tech : Registration Form</h1>

<td>EmpNo</td>

</tr>

<td>EName</td>

</tr>

<td>Salary</td>

</tr>

</tr>

</table>

</form>

</body>

</html>

DBTest.php

<?php

$con = mysql_connect("localhost", "root", "");

mysql_select_db("emp");

$res= mysql_query("insert into emp1 values($_GET[t1],'$_GET[t2]',$_GET[t3])");

if($res)

header('location: success.html');

else

header('location:failure.html');

mysql_close($con);

Success.html

<html>

<head>

</head>

<h1>employee registration is successful</h1>

<a href="empinsert.html" >Click here to register more employees</a>

</body>

</html>

OutPut:Bottom of Form

employee registration is successful

Click here to register more employees

Failure.html

<html>

<head>

</head>

<h1>employee registration is not successful</h1>

<a href="empinsert.html" >Click here try to register more employees</a>

</body>

</html>

OutPut:

employee registration is not successful

Click here try to register more employees

Working With PhpMyAdmin

2012-10-18T22:55:00.000+05:30

Working With PhpMyAdmin

Working With PhpMyAdmin :

Phpmyadmin is a tool developed in php language for remote DB administration.

Start apache web server and mysql db server.

Open browser and provide the url as

http://localhost/phpmyadmin

before you can work with db server our application must create a connection to the mysql db server.

1. Mysql_connect() : function is used for connecting to mysql db server using php.

Mysql_connect(DB hostname.username,password);

The above function will return a resource of type mysql link on successful connection with db server and false on failure.

2. Mysql_close(): function is used for closing the connection with mysql DB server.

Mysql_close(mysql link);

3. Mysql_error() : is a function used for getting error message assosiated with the previous mysql operation ,if any.

4. Mysql_errno() : used for getting the error number assosiated with previous db operation ,if any.

5. Mysql_select_db() : function used for activating a DB present in mysql db server.

Mysql_select_db(database name);

6. Mysql_query() : function is used for passing an sql query to the connected mysql db.

Mysql_query(string query);

Program to create a db with the name of employee?

<?php

$con = mysql_connect("localhost","root","");

if($con)

{

$res = mysql_query("create database emp");

if($res)

echo "database is created!!!";

else

echo "database couldnot be created - ".mysql_error (). "--".mysql_errno ();

}

else

echo "couldnot connect to DB";

OutPut:

database is created!!!

Program to create a table with tha name of emp in employee database?

<?php

$con = mysql_connect("localhost","root","");

mysql_select_db("emp");

$res= mysql_query("create table emp2(empno int(10) primary key,ename varchar(20),sal float(10,2))");

if($res)

echo "table created!!";

else

echo "error-".mysql_error ();

mysql_close($con);

OuPut:

table created!!

Program to insert a new record into emp table?

<?php

$con = mysql_connect("localhost", "root", "");

mysql_select_db("emp");

$res= mysql_query("insert into emp2(empno,ename,sal) values(102,'chandu',123.45),(103,'karanam',23.43)");

if($res)

echo "record inserted-".mysql_affected_rows ();

else

echo "Error-".mysql_error ();

mysql_close($con);

OutPut:

record inserted-2.

Mysql Installation

2012-10-17T23:15:00.001+05:30

Mysql Installation

Mysql Installation :

MySQL DB Server is installed along with XAMPP in c:\xampp\mysql. All the my sql databases are present in c:\xampp\mysql\data folder.

1. To start mysql db server

Click on start button of mysql in xampp control panel.

C:\xampp\mysql\bin>mysqld

2. to stop MySQL DB server

click on start button of mysql in xampp control panel[the default user name of mysql is “root” with no password].

C:\xampp\mysql\bin>mysqladmin –u root shutdown

3. to get mysql prompt

c:\xampp\mysql\bin\mysql –u root –p

4. to display all db names

mysql>show databases

5. to create a DB

mysql> create database india;

6. to activate a DB

mysql> use india

7. to create a table

mysql> create table emp (empno number(10) primary key,ename varchar(20), sal float(10,2));

8. to display all the table names

mysql>show tables.

9. To insert a new record

Mysql>insert into emp values(101,’chandu’,123.45);

10. To display the structure of a table

Mysql>desc emp /describe emp;

11. To display all the records in a table

Mysql>select * from emp;

12. To delete a table

Mysql>drop table emp;

13. To delete an entire DB

Mysql>drop database india;

14. To create a user

Mysql>create user ‘chandu’@’localhost’ identified by ‘india’;

Provide the required previlizes to chandu@localhost.

Mysql> grant select ,insert,update,delete,drop,shutdown,alter,show databases on *.* to ‘chandu’@’localhost’ identified by ‘india’ with grant option max_queries_per_hour 0 max_connections_per_hour 0 max_updates_per_hour 0 max_user_connections 0;

Mysql>grant all privileges on ‘chandu\_%’.* to ‘chandu’@’localhost’;

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Mysql Introduction

2012-10-17T23:08:00.000+05:30

Mysql Introduction

Mysql Introduction :

1. Database is the place where data is stored.

2. Databases are the prefered method of storage of data for large multi user applications.

3. A database management system(DBMS) is a system, usually automated and computarized, user to manage any collection of compatible and ideally normalized data.

4. The DBMS manages storage and access to the data and provides a query language to specify actions associated with the data. The standard query language is SQL(Structures Query Language).

Relational Databases:

1. RBDMS splits the data into a series of tables, limited by key elements that are common between tables.

2. It provides storage efficiency because data do not need to be duplicated between records.

a. Information is stored in tables.

b. Tables stores information about entities.

c. Entities hava characterstics called attributes.

d. Each row in a table represents a simple entity.

e. Each row is a set of attribute values.

Php Filters

2012-10-16T22:37:00.001+05:30

Php Filters

Php Filters :

1. A php filter is used to validate and filter data coming from insecure sources in the server side.

2. The php filter extension is designed to make data filtering easier an quicker.

3. Almost all web applications depend on external input.

The external data is coming from :-

a. The data submited by the client using a form.

b. From cookies submitted by client.

c. From session variables.

d. From database.

e. From a web service etc.

By using php filters you can be sure that your application gets the correct input type.

To filter a variable , use one of the following filter functions.

1. Filter_var() : filters a single variable with a specified filter.

2. Filter_var_array(): filter several variables with the same or different filters.

3. Filters_input(): get one input variable and filter it.

4. Filter_input_array(): get several input variables and filter them with the same or different filters.

The predefined validating filter constants of php are :

1. FILTER_VALIDATE_INT (257)

2. FILTER_VALIDATE_BOOLEAN (258)

3. FILTER_VALIDATE_FLOAT

4. FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL (274)

5. FILTER_VALIDATE_URL

6. FILTER_VALIDATE_IP

7. FILTER_VALIDATE_REGEXP

Filter Example program :

<?php

$age = "25A";

$res = filter_var($age,FILTER_VALIDATE_INT);

if($res)

echo "age is valid";

else

echo "age is invalid";

echo "<br><br>";

$email ="chandu@gmail.com";

$res = filter_var($email,FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL);

if($res)

echo "email is valid";

else

echo "email is invalid";

OutPut:

age is invalid

email is valid

Filter_Test.html:

<html>

Email : <input type="text" name="t2" size="30">

website url : <input type="text" name="t3" size="35">

</form>

</body>

</html>

Filter_Test1.php

<?php

echo "<h1>";

$age_options = array("options"=>array("min_range"=>10,"max_range"=>90));

if(!filter_input(INPUT_GET, "t1",FILTER_VALIDATE_INT,$age_options))

echo "age is invalid<br>";

if(!filter_input(INPUT_GET,"t2",FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL))

echo "email is invalid<br>";

if(!filter_input(INPUT_GET,"t3",FILTER_VALIDATE_URL))

echo "web site address is invalid";

To chaeck whether a parameter with name of “email” submitted by the client using post method or not.

<?php

If(!filter_has_var(INPUT_POST,”email”))

{

Echo(“input type doesnot exist”);

}

Filter To validate multiple data:

<?php

$filter = array("age"=>array("filter"=>FILTER_VALIDATE_INT,"options"=>array("min-range"=>10,"max-range"=>90)),"email"=>FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL);

$result = filter_input_array(INPUT_GET,$filter);

if(!$result["age"])

{

echo ("age must be number between 10 and 90.<br>");

}

elseif (!$result["email"]) {

echo ("email is not valid.<br>");

}

else {

echo ("user input is valid");

}

PHP : Class Abstraction

2012-10-16T22:28:00.001+05:30

Class Abstraction

Class Abstraction :

1. A class for which we cannot create an instance or object is called as abstract class because it is an incomplete class.

2. A class can have any no.of member classes and methods.

3. A member functions present inside a class without having body(only method declaration) is known as abstract method.

4. In a class if their exists atleast one abstract method then that class becomes incomplete ,so that it becomes an abstract class.

“abstract” is the keyword used for declaring an abstract method or abstrct class.

We need to create a sub-class for the abstract class inside a sub-class we should define all the abstract method of the parent class otherwise that class becomes an abstract class and using that sub-class object we able to invoice member of abstract class.

<?php

abstract class Absclass

{

public $a=10,$b=20;

function addNum($x,$y)

{

return($x+$y);

}

abstract function subNum($x,$y);

}

<?php

class Absimp1 extends Absclass

{

function subNum($x, $y) {

return($x-$y);

}

<h1>

<?php

$obj = new Absimp1();

echo "sum=".$obj->addNum(11, 22);

</h1>

OuPut:

sum=33

PHP : Object Cloning

2012-10-15T23:02:00.001+05:30

Object Cloning

Object Cloning :

Object cloning is the process of creating a copy of an object with fully replicated properties. An object copy is created by using “clone” keyword which calls the objects. __clone() methid. An object __clone() method cannot be called directly.

$copy-object = clone object;

Object Cloning Example :

<?php

class A

{

public $x=11;

}

<?php

$o1 = new A();

$o2 = clone $o1;

echo $o1->x."--".$o2->x."<br>";

$o2->x=22;

echo $o1->x."--".$o2->x;

OutPut:

11-11
11--22

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PHP : Final Keyword

2012-10-15T22:58:00.002+05:30

Final Keyword

Final Keyword :

Php5 introduces the final keyword , to specify a constant member function or a constant class. If a member function is declared as “final” that cannot be overridden in the sub-class.

If a class is declared as final that cannot be inherited , we cannot create a sub-class for a final class that means after extends keyword we cannot give a final class.

Constant Function:

Final function display()

{

}

Constant Class:

Final class A

{

}

ReferenceTest.php

<?php

class A{

public $x=11;

}

<?php

$o1 =new A();

$o2= $o1;

echo $o1->x."--".$o2->x."<br>";

$o2->x=22;

echo $o1->x."--".$o2->x;

OutPut:

11--11

22--22

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Php Overriding Example

2012-10-14T22:25:00.005+05:30

Php Overriding

Php Overriding :

the same member functions defined in the parent class and also in the sub-class is called as overriding member function.

Parent: is a keyword of php that can be used inside a subclass member function and will be acting as a reference of a parent class in subclass.

Php Overriding Example:

<?php

class A{

function display(){

echo "inside class A<br>";

}

class B extends A{

function display() {

echo "inside class B<br>";

parent::display();

}

<h1>

<?php

$obj = new B();

$obj->display();

</h1>

OutPut:

inside class B

inside class A

Php Inheritance

2012-10-14T22:20:00.002+05:30

Php Inheritance

Php Inheritance :

1. Inheritance is the process of creating a new concept from an already existing concept(s);

2. Inheritance is introduced for reusability.

Types of inheritance:

Simple inheritance :

Herarchiel Inheritance:

Multi Level Inheritance :

Multiple Inheritance :

Hybrid Inheritance :

=(2) + (3) + (4)

The newly created class is known as “sub-class” and the class from which it is created is known as parent class.

“extends” is the keyword used for creating a subclass.

Class B extends A

{

}

After “extends” keyword we can give only one class name thet means in php we cannot create a class from morethan one parent class in order to overcome ambiguity error .multiple inheritance is happening through inheritance.

<?php

class A

{

public $a=10,$b=20;

function addNum($x=0,$y=0)

{

$res = $x + $y;

echo "sum=".$res."<br>";

}

<?php

class B extends A

{

public $c=30,$d=40;

function subNum($x=0,$y=0){

$res=$x-$y;

echo "difference=".$res."<br>";

}

<?php

echo "<h1>";

$obj = new B();

echo $obj->a."--".$obj->d."<br>";

$obj->addNum(11,22);

$obj->subNum(22,9);

OutPut:

10--40

sum=33

difference=13

Constant Members And Static Members In PHP

2012-10-13T22:42:00.002+05:30

Constant Members And Static Members In PHP

Constant Members And Static Members In PHP :

Constant member datas:

A member data of a class whose value be changed or that cannot assigned is called as a constant member data.

1. A constant member data should not be prefered with ‘$’ sign and it should not be explicitely access specified.

2. A constant member data should be declared by using the keyword const.

3. A constant member data connot be invoked by an instance of a class, it can be invloked by the class name with scope resolution operator(::).

Static members:

1. Declasing class member data or methods as “static” makes them accessible without an instance /object of the class.

2. A member data declared as static in a class cannot be accessed with an instantiated class object where as a static method can be invoked.

3. The static methods are callable without an instance of the class created so that the pseudo variable $this is not available inside the method declared as static.

4. Static members are declared by using the keyword static.

<?php

class myclass

{

const name="india tech";

public static $age = 25;

static function myfun()

{

echo "inside static function<br>";

}

<h1>

<?php

$obj = new myclass();

echo $obj->name."<br>";

echo myclass::name."<br>";

echo $obj->age."<br>";

echo myclass::$age."<br>";

$obj->myfun();

myclass::myfun();

</h1>

OutPut:

india tech

inside static function

Autoloading In PHP

2012-10-13T22:37:00.002+05:30

Autoloading In PHP

Autoloading In PHP :

In real time scanario ,we create one php source file per class deffinition.

1. One of the difficulty is having to write a long list of needed includes at the beginning of each script, one for each class.

2. In php 5 you may define an __autoload() function which is automatically called in case you are trying to use a class which has not been defined yet.

<?php

function __autoload($class_name)

{

echo "inside autoload function<br>";

include_once ($c.".php");

}

$emp =new employee();

$cust = new customer();

$prod =new product();

$emp1 = new employee();

<?php

class employee

{

}

<?php

class product

{

}

<?php

class customer

{

}

In the above is __autoload() will be called 3 times.

Autoloading In PHP,php autoloading, autoload, autoload in php,php,php den

PHP : Constructor And Destructor

2012-10-13T22:32:00.004+05:30

Constructor And Destructor

PHP : Constructor And Destructor :

Php constructors(version 4) :

1. A constructor is a function .

2. Name of the constructor function is same as that of class name.

3. A constructor function will gets automatically called when an object of a class is created.

4. A constructor is used to initialize the member datas of an object.

Php Constructor(version 5) :

1. In php5 a constructor is defined by implementing _constructor() method, when an object is created , php5 searches for __construct() first. If __construct is not defined them it searches for a method with a name same that of the class.

Php5 destructor :

A destructor is a special function of a class that is automatically executed whenever an object of a class is destroyed.

An object of a class is destroyed when :

1. The program execution is over.

2. It goes out of scope.

3. You specifically set it to null.

4. You unset it.

A php5 destructor is defined by implementing the __destruct() method.

<?php

class constrdestr

{

private $empno,$ename,$sal;

//php4 constructor

function constrdestr($a=0,$b="na" ,$c=0)

{

echo "******<br>";

$this->empno=$a;

$this->ename=$b;

$this->sal=$c;

}

//php5 constructor

function __construct($a=0,$b="na" ,$c=0)

{

echo "??????<br>";

$this->empno=$a;

$this->ename=$b;

$this->sal=$c;

}

//php5 destructor

function __destruct() {

echo "inside destructor<br>";

}

function getData()

{

echo $this->empno."--".$this->ename."--".$this->sal."<br>";

}

<?php

echo "<h1>";

$emp1 =new constrdestr();

$emp2 =new constrdestr(101,"penna");

$emp3 = new constrdestr(102,"lpo",123.45);

$emp1->getData();

$emp2->getData();

$emp3->getData();

unset($emp1);

$emp2 =11;

$emp3=NULL;

echo "application completed!!!";

OutPut:

??????

0--na--0

101--penna--0

102--lpo--123.45

inside destructor

application completed!!!

PHP : Object Oriented Programming

2012-10-12T23:15:00.002+05:30

Object Oriented Programming

Object Oriented Programming :

An application can be designed using different programming structures like .

1. Procedure oriented programming (pop).

2. Object oriented programming (oop).

3. Aspect oriented programming .

in a procedure oriented programming the two entities of an application there is data and function are treated separately . so , the complexity to develop an application is more.

And a global data can be accessed by any one from any where in the program. To overcome the limitations of procedure oriented programming , oops is introduced . in oops the two entities of an application there is data and functions are treated as a single entity, so the complexity to develop an application is less.

Oops is mainly based on class and objects as per object oriented analysis and design so many definitions are given for a class.

In that the two well known definitions are .

1. Class is a concept.

2. Class is a blue print.

A concept contains items and functionalities each item of a concept is used by performing the particular function.

In a programming language a class is user defined datatype that contains attributes are datamembers and methods . which work on data members.

Every class definition begins with the keyword class followed by a class name.

Class<class-name>

{

Member data;

Methods;

}

Access specifiers;

The member datas of a class should be explicitly access specifier.

Access specifiers a re used to specify from where we can invoke the member data method etc.

The fundamental access specifiers used in php are ,

1. private : private access specifier members can be accessed only with in the context where it is declared.

2. Protected : protected access specified members can be invoked from within context and also by the subclass.

3. Public : public access specified members can be invoked from any where.

The default access specifier of php is PUBLIC.

a pseudo variable , $this is available inside the member function of a class when it is called from within an object context. $this is a reference to the calling object inside the class member function.

An object is a living instance or a real instance of a class .this means that an object is created from the definition of the class and is loaded in memory[heap memory].

Each object has its own memory space that can hold independent data values.

To create an object of a php class were the keyword “new”.

Obj_ref= new classname();

An object can invoke its members by using deferencing operator or arrow operator(->).

<?php

class empref

{

private $empno,$ename,$sal;

function setData()

{

$this->empno=101;

$this->ename="penna";

$this->sal=12000;

}

function getData()

{

echo $this->empno."--".$this->ename."--".$this->sal;

}

<?php

$emp =new empref();

//echo $emp->empno;

//$emp->getData();

$emp->setData();

$emp->getData();

OutPut:

101--penna—12000

Session Tracking In Php

2012-10-11T23:00:00.000+05:30

Session Tracking In Php

Session Tracking In Php :

Session support in php consists of a way to preserve certain data across subsequent accesses. This enables you to build more customized applications and increase the appeal of your website.

A php session variable is used to store information about , or change settings for a user session.

Session variables hold information about one single user , and are available to all pages in one application.

A visitor accessing your web application is assigned a unique id called session id . this is either stored in a cookie on the client side or is propagated in the url.

Session_start() : is a builtin function of php used for creating a new session for a visitor if not exists or to get the reference of the session which is already existing.

$_SESSION : is a builtin global array of php which stores the session variable datas of a visitor.

Session_destroy() : function used to invalidate a session.

Session_id() : function used to get the session id of the current session.

Form1.php

<?php

echo "<body bgcolor=cyan>";

echo "<form action=form2.php></h1>";

echo "Name :<input type=text name=t1 size=30><br><br>";

echo "Age : <input type=text name=t2 size=30><br><br>";

echo "Address : <input type=text name=t3 size=30><br><br>";

echo "<input type=submit></form></body>";

Form2.php

<?php

session_start();

$s1 = $_REQUEST['t1'];

$s2 = $_REQUEST['t2'];

$s3 = $_REQUEST['t3'];

$_SESSION['T1']=$s1;

$_SESSION['T2']=$s2;

$_SESSION['T3']=$s3;

setcookie("Name",$s1);

setcookie("Age",$s2);

setcookie("Address",$s3);*/

echo "<body bgcolor=cyan>";

echo "<form action=form3.php><h1>";

echo "years of Exp: <input type=text name=t4 size=30><br><br>";

echo "Language Known : <input type=text name=t5 size=30><br><br>";

echo "<input type=submit></form></body>";

Form3.php

<?php

session_start();

$s4 = $_REQUEST['t4'];

$s5 = $_REQUEST['t5'];

$_SESSION['T4']=$s4;

$_SESSION['T5']=$s5;

setcookie("Name",$s1);

setcookie("Age",$s2);

setcookie("Address",$s3);*/

echo "<body bgcolor=cyan>";

echo "<form action=form4.php><h1>";

echo "Exp Salary:<input type=text name=t6 size=30><br><br>";

echo "<input type=submit></form></body>";

Form4.php

<?php

session_start();

echo "<body bgcolor=pink><h1>";

foreach ($_SESSION as $key=>$val)

{

echo $key."--".$val."<br>";

}

foreach ($_COOKIE as key=>$val)

{

echo $key."--".$val."<br>";

}*/

echo "T6--".$_REQUEST['t6']."<br><br>";

echo session_id();

Output:

T1--ryt

T2--32432

T3--sesd

T4--34

T5--sddsf

T6--2432

6lcr6eg7ghsac93ddugvhnfe05

PHP : Cookies In Php

2012-10-11T22:53:00.000+05:30

Cookies In Php

Cookies In Php :

Cookies are two types :

1. Temporary : are stored in the clients browser and gets deleted when the browser is closed.

2. Permanent cookies : are stored in client local system (in cookies folder) based on the expiration time specified in set cookie() function.

Loginform.php

<body bgcolor="marron" text="white"><h1 align="center">Indian Technologies </h1>

<?php

echo "<td>UseName</td>";

if(isset($_COOKIE['uid']))

echo "<td><input type=text name=t1 size=30 value=$_COOKIE[uid]></td></tr>";

else

echo "<td><input type=text name=t1 size=30></td></tr>";

echo "<tr height=35>";

echo "<td> Pass Word</td>";

echo "<td><input type=password name=t2 size=30></td></tr>";

echo "<tr height=35>";

echo "<td colspan=2 align=center><input type=submit value=Login></td></tr>";

</tr>

</table>

</form>

</body>

Loginform2.php

<?php

$s1 = $_REQUEST['t1'];

setcookie("uid",$s1, time()+60*60*24*30);

echo "<h1> Welcome to Our site!!!";

OutPut:

Welcome to Our site!!!

What is a browser does not support cookies ?

If your application deals with browsers that do not support cookie(in IE, tools > Internet options > privacy) , you will have to use other methods to pass information from one page to another in your application – we can use php session.

Session Tracking Using Cookies

2012-10-11T22:16:00.002+05:30

Session Tracking Using Cookies

Session Tracking Using Cookies :

A web translation is a combination of request and response and in a session number of transactions will take place. in the above page 4 transactions are taking place but form4.php is able to retrieve only the value of t6.this is happening because to the protocol that we use-http.

http is a stateless protocol ,that means when ever a new transaction is started http will forget about the previous transaction data and it will send only the current form data. In order to overcome this we can use the concept of “session tracking” . by using session tracking what ever data is submitted by the client in one transaction should be made available to any other transaction even to the last transaction.

Session tracking can be done by using the following techniques.

1. Using hidden form fields.

2. Using url retrieving .

3. Using cookies.

4. Using php sessions.

Session tracking using cookies :

A cookie is a server created object/file coming to the client side, so that whenever a client is sending a request to the server all the associated cookies also will gets submitted to that server.

Cookies are a mechanism for storing data in the remote / client browser or client system and thus tracking are identifying return users and data.

Setcookies(name,value[,expirationtime])

function of php is used for setting or creating a cookie. cookies are part of the http header , so setcookie must be called before any response/output is sent to the client.

Any cookie sent to the server from the client will automatically be included into a $_COOKIE auto – global array.

<html>

<body>

<?php

If(isset($_COOKIE[“user”]))

Echo “welcome to guest”;

</body>

</html>

PHP File Uploading

2012-10-09T22:54:00.000+05:30

PHP File Uploading

PHP File Uploading :

The “enctype” attribute of the <form> tag specifies which content-type to use when submitting the form.” Multipart/form-data” is used when a form requires binary data, like the contents of a file , to be uploaded.

The <input type=”file” name=”t3”> tag specifies that the input should be processed as a file.default value of “enctype” attribute of <form> tag is “application/x-www-form-urlencoded”.

<html>

<head>

</head>

<h1 align="center">submit form</h1><br><br>

<td>

</td>

</tr>

<td>Profile</td>

</tr>

</td>

</tr>

</table>

</form>

</body>

</html>

$_FILES is a built-in global array of php which stores all the attached file details and is a multi-dimentional array. The first parameter is the form’s input name and the second index can be either “name”,”type”,”size”,”temp-name” or “error”.

$_FILES[‘t3’][‘name’] – the name of the uploaded file.

$_FILES[‘t3’][‘type’] – type of the uploaded file.

$_FILES[‘t3’][‘size’] – size in bytes.

$_FILES[‘t3][‘temp-name’] – the name of the temporary copy of the file stored on the server.

$_FILES[‘t3’][‘error’] – the error code resulting from the file upload. If the value is 0 means no errors in uploading.

*we can change the uploaded file size

Goto -> php.ini -> post-maxsize 100M

Upload-max-size 20M

<?php

echo "<h1>";

print_r($_POST);

echo "<br><br>";

print_r($_FILES);

if($_FILES['t3']['error']==0)

if($_FILES['t3']['error']==0&&$_FILES['t3']['tyep']=="text/palin")

{

$res = move_uploaded_file($_FILES['t3']['type-name'], "upload/".$_FILES['t3']['name']);

if($res)

echo "file uploaded!!!";

else

echo "file not uplaoded";

}

else

echo "uplaoding is not done!! please upload only text files..<br> u have uploaded <ins>".$_FILES['t3']['type']."<ins>file";

OutPut:

Array ( [t1] => penna )

Array ( [t2] => Array ( [name] => DSC00020.JPG [type] => image/pjpeg [tmp_name] => C:\xampp\tmp\phpB060.tmp [error] => 0 [size] => 5349849 ) ) uplaoding is not done!! please upload only text files..

u have uploaded file.

Server Side Includes

2012-10-09T22:49:00.000+05:30

Server Side Includes

Server Side Includes :

Server side includes SSI : include() or require() are used for inserting the content of one php file or any other file into the current php file before the server executes it.

1. Include() : generates a working incase the specified file cannot be loaded, but the script will continue execution.

2. Require(): generates a fatal error, and the script will stop incase the specified file cannot be loaded.

these two functions are used to create functions,headers,footers,or elements that will be reused on multiple pages.

The advantage of using server side include is you can create a standard header,footer,or menu file for all your web pages. When the footer needs the header needs to be uploaded, you need to update only the include file.

Include(file name)

Require(file name)

Include_once(file name)

Require_once(file name)

Note: it is not possible to include morethan one file with the same function definition present inside that because in a php program it is not possible to redeclare a function.

Functions.php

<?php

Function addNum($x=0,$y=0)

{

$res = $x+$y;

Return $res;

}

Function display()

{

}

India.php

<?php

Function display($x)

{

- - - - - - - - - - - ;

}

Myapp.php

<?php

Include(‘functions.php’) or require(‘functions.php’)

Echo “sum=” .addName(11,22);

What is the difference between include() and include_once() ?

Includes_once statement includes and evaluates the specified file during the execution of a script.this is a behavior similar to the include() statements, with the only difference being that if the code from a file has already been included, it will not be included again.

India.php

<?php

Echo “Indian tech”;

Ssitest.php

<?php

Include(‘india.php’);

/*include(‘india.php’);

Include(‘india.php’);

Include_once(‘india.php’);