eufisica

Build your thermo scale

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Sun, 12 Dec 2021 18:31:00 +0000

Do you want to know more about thermometers?

Well check this website, choose your scale and see how it's the formula (see the image below).

Update (12-12-2021): You need to download the file (right click with your mouse and select "save link as...") and you can run in your computer (you need Adobe Flash Player installed in your computer).

Thermometers

Developed during the 16th and 17th centuries, a thermometer (from the Greek θερμός (thermos) meaning "warm" and meter, "to measure") is a device that measures temperature or temperature gradient using a variety of different principles. A thermometer has two important elements: the temperature sensor (e.g. the bulb on a mercury thermometer) in which some physical change occurs with temperature, plus some means of converting this physical change into a numerical value (e.g. the scale on a mercury thermometer).

Read more in Wikipedia.

Farenheit Scale

Fahrenheit is the temperature scale proposed in 1724 by, and named after, the German physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736). Within this scale, the freezing of water into ice is defined at 32 degrees, while the boiling point of water is defined to be 212 degrees. The temperature scale was replaced by the Celsius scale in most countries during the mid to late 20th century, but it remains the official scale of the United States, Cayman Islands and Belize.

Read more in Wikipedia.

Celsius Scale

Celsius is a scale and unit of measurement for temperature. It is named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius (1701–1744), who developed a similar temperature scale two years before his death. The degree Celsius (°C) can refer to a specific temperature on the Celsius scale as well as a unit to indicate a temperature interval, a difference between two temperatures or an uncertainty. The unit was known until 1948 as "centigrade" from the Latin "centum" translated as 100 and "gradus" translated as "steps".

Credit: uoregon.edu

From 1744 until 1954, 0 °C was defined as the freezing point of water and 100 °C was defined as the boiling point of water, both at a pressure of one standard atmosphere with mercury being the working material. Although these defining correlations are commonly taught in schools today, by international agreement the unit "degree Celsius" and the Celsius scale are currently defined by two different temperatures: absolute zero, and the triple point of VSMOW (specially-purified water). This definition also precisely relates the Celsius scale to the Kelvin scale, which defines the SI base unit of thermodynamic temperature with symbol K. Absolute zero, the lowest temperature possible at which matter reaches minimum entropy, is defined as being precisely 0 K and −273.15 °C. The temperature of the triple point of water is defined as precisely 273.16 K and 0.01 °C.

This definition fixes the magnitude of both the degree Celsius and the kelvin as precisely 1 part in 273.16 (approximately 0.00366) of the difference between absolute zero and the triple point of water. Thus, it sets the magnitude of one degree Celsius and that of one kelvin as exactly the same. Additionally, it establishes the difference between the two scales' null points as being precisely 273.15 degrees Celsius (−273.15 °C = 0 K and 0 °C = 273.15 K).

Read more in Wikipedia.

Rankine Scale

Rankine is a thermodynamic (absolute) temperature scale named after the Glasgow University engineer and physicist William John Macquorn Rankine, who proposed it in 1859. (The Kelvin scale was first proposed in 1848.)

The symbol for degrees Rankine is R^[1] (or Ra if necessary to distinguish it from the Rømer and Réaumur scales). Zero on both the Kelvin and Rankine scales is absolute zero, but the Rankine degree is defined as equal to one degreeFahrenheit, rather than the one degree Celsius used by the Kelvin scale. A temperature of −459.67 °F is exactly equal to 0 R.

Some engineering fields in the U.S. measure thermodynamic temperature using the Rankine scale.^[2] However, throughout the entire scientific world thermodynamic temperature is measured in Kelvin.^[2] The US National Institute of Standards and Technology does not recommend using degrees Rankine in NIST publications.

Read more in Wikipedia.

Another temperature scales:

The Delisle Scale, the Newton Scale, the Réaumur Scale, the Rømer Scale.

And here is the conversion formulae:

FisAstEE project

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Sun, 12 Dec 2021 18:17:00 +0000

FisAstEE is a Portuguese Science Outreach project related to Physics and Astronomy activities with the target group the parents of children in primary schools.

The project can be found in Facebook, and in the Website.

#fisastee

Rare trio of particles observed for first time at CERN's ATLAS Experiment

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Wed, 11 Aug 2021 16:29:00 +0000

The ATLAS Experiment observed a rare trio of particles.

Check the video:

the sounds on Mars

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Mon, 22 Feb 2021 20:13:00 +0000

Check the link to hear some sounds collected by the rover Perseverance.

https://twitter.com/NASA/status/1363937570363740164?s=19

Rover Perseverance and Jezero's Crater

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Sat, 20 Feb 2021 17:31:00 +0000

Perseverance first photography of landed site. Credit: NASA/JPL

The Mars' rover, Perseverance, landed and it started to photograph the landscape of Jezero's crater site.

You can check an interactive map of the site here: https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Mars_Express/An_interactive_map_to_explore_Jezero_crater

Or check this video made by ESA/DLR/FU Berlin:

Rover Perseverance

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Thu, 04 Feb 2021 13:01:00 +0000

Mission Patch. Credits: NASA

The Rover Perseverance will be landing on Mars in February 18.

In the mean while, you can check information in this flyer or download the PDF

Credits: NASA

understanding colors

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Mon, 01 Feb 2021 13:11:00 +0000

In this video Neil deGrasse Tyson explains the Physics behind colors.

You can check this lesson, and create a copy from here (if you like it).

Here is another lesson as well (about light pollution):

ODS Summer School - Project Scenario by José Gonçalves de eufisica

Another educational scenario

World Data of COVID-19 (updated)

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Wed, 27 May 2020 17:02:00 +0000

Here are the World Data of the decease COVID-19, provoked by SARS-COV-2 virus (presented in the image above).

The graph on the left presents the ratio of deaths by country. You need to multiply by 100 to obtain the percentage of deaths.
The global percentage (by now) is 6.22%.

You can filter the information directly in the data.

And this is the graph with the percentage of death people by country:

3rd place is for United Kingdom

Experiments @Home

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Tue, 28 Apr 2020 15:32:00 +0000

In this times of corona virus, we need to stay at home.

But, that doesn't mean we can't do some experiments.

Here it is a video to perform some experiments at home:

Let's play @home

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Mon, 20 Apr 2020 19:09:00 +0000

During this days we can play with our children to try to build something like this:

Or you can create an easy one by using cardboard (image source: https://www.hellowonderful.co/post/15-impressive-ways-to-make-a-marble-run/)

Or like this one (image source: https://www.edenproject.com/learn/for-everyone/how-to-make-a-recycled-marble-run)

Let's be creative!

Higgs Discovery Explained - Ep. 1/3 | CERN

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Tue, 14 Apr 2020 16:13:00 +0000

A new era of internet?

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Tue, 31 Mar 2020 12:43:00 +0000

A nanophotonic cavity created by the Faraon lab. Credit: Faraon lab/Caltech

Well, not yet. But this is a start to connect quantum computers through a quantum network. Development of experiments to connect two quantum bits is the next step. Let's see what reserves in the future.

"Engineers at Caltech have shown that atoms in optical cavities—tiny boxes for light—could be foundational to the creation of a quantum internet. Their work was published on March 30 by the journal Nature. (...) Currently, the team's focus is on creating the building blocks of a quantum network. Next, they hope to scale up their experiments and actually connect two quantum bits, Faraon says."

In phys.org

A new simplified ventilator for COVID-19 patients

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Mon, 30 Mar 2020 22:07:00 +0000

Cartlidge ventilator (Courtesy: C Galbiati et al)

Until now, Italy was the country that was most affected by this SARS-COV-2 virus. But science are trying to fight back. A new simplified ventilator was made to treat patients with respiratory difficulty:

"The 26-strong group of physicists from Europe and North America has designed a new, stripped-down mechanical ventilator that it hopes can be mass-produced quickly and cheaply using off-the-shelf components" in Physics World

Physics can help in every situation. Always.

Preprint on arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.10405

understanding data

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Sun, 29 Mar 2020 14:39:00 +0000

World data of SARS-COV-2: http://eufisica.blogspot.com/2020/03/world-data-of-covid-19.html

Here it is a good video from Minute Physics to understand the data related to COVID-19:

World data of COVID-19

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Thu, 26 Mar 2020 16:45:00 +0000

Follow this to obtain the World data about SARS-COV-2 infections, recovers and deaths.

The data is updated everyday.

Physics and COVID-19

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Tue, 24 Mar 2020 11:07:00 +0000

Global situation in 2020/03/24 Source: https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6

Like meteorologists tracking a hurricane, physicists are racing to predict the impact of COVID-19 outbreaks in order to advise policy makers.

"Vespignani points to several approaches developed in physics that are relevant for describing disease spread. One example is the mathematical model that describes diffusion-controlled reactions, in which chemicals spread in a liquid and react upon contact. Another powerful tool is network theory, which represents individuals or clusters of individuals as interconnected nodes, much like train stations on a transit map. The theory can forecast the rate at which an infection spreads through a population based on patterns of human interaction, such as the way people cluster at specific times during the daily commute."

Source: https://physics.aps.org/articles/v13/43

months ahead with SARS-COV-2

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Tue, 24 Mar 2020 10:54:00 +0000

This virus could travel to the north (Russia, Canada, ...) in the summer and come back to lower latitudes in the winter.

"The coronavirus pandemic could last over 18 months, according to a 100-page federal government response plan recently shared with The New York Times.
The next year and a half could include "multiple waves of illness," according to the document. "The spread and severity of COVID-19 will be difficult to forecast and characterize." "

Source: https://www.livescience.com/coronavirus-pandemic-could-last-18-months.html

Optical Illusions

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Tue, 26 Nov 2019 13:28:00 +0000

Here are some optical illusions:

Inquiry lessons in Go-Lab portal

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Wed, 16 Oct 2019 09:28:00 +0000

There is an interesting portal supported by European funds about inquiry lessons through the use of online labs, simulations and data.
The teachers can search for a lab, an app, or an ILS (Inquiry Learning Scenario), and they can make a copy. After that they will be redirected to a portal where they can edit the lesson, create a new one or just they can copy the link to submit to their students.
To know more go to: golabz.eu

Caryatids

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Tue, 08 Jan 2019 23:02:00 +0000

The Caryatids (Greece)

Although of the same height and build, and similarly attired and coiffed, the six Caryatids are not the same: their faces, stance, draping, and hair are carved separately; the three on the left stand on their right foot, while the three on the right stand on their left foot. Their bulky, intricately arranged hairstyles serve the crucial purpose of providing static support to their necks, which would otherwise be the thinnest and structurally weakest part. (Source: Wikipedia)

We are star dust

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Wed, 02 Jan 2019 19:53:00 +0000

This is not new, but I love this song:

New CERN technology transfer

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Tue, 01 Jan 2019 19:38:00 +0000

The new MediPix3 aims to produce better images from our body.
Check this image about color X-Rays:

A 3D image of a wrist with a watch showing part of the finger bones in white and soft tissue in red. (Image: MARS Bioimaging Ltd)

MARS’ solution couples the spectroscopic information generated by the Medipix3 enabled detector with powerful algorithms to generate 3D images. The colours represent different energy levels of the X-ray photons as recorded by the detector hence identifying different components of body parts such as fat, water, calcium, and disease markers.
Source: https://medipix.web.cern.ch/news/first-3d-colour-x-ray-human-using-cern-technology

The Physics of Spiderman 3

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Fri, 07 Dec 2018 18:07:00 +0000

There is an article in Popular Science related with the Physics of Spiderman 3, specially when Spiderman fall several times without breaking a bone.
The calculus are demonstrated in the webpage and the force is something about 400000 Newtons!!!
And an acceleration around 6000 m/s² (~600 x gravity acceleration), 2 times higher than some insects acceleration.

Source: https://www.popsci.com/article/2007-10/physics-spiderman-3

Painting like Pollock

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Fri, 30 Nov 2018 20:45:00 +0000

Dripping like Pollock
BERNARDO PALACIOS, SANDRA ZETINA, ROBERTO ZENIT, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, CHRIS MCGLINCHEY, Museum of Modern Art, New York — this scientists made an investigation where they reproduced, in a controlled manner, the dripping technique used by Jackson Pollock to creat abstract paintings. They drip a fluid jet on top of a horizontal surface, varying the height from the substrate, the liquid flow rate and the displacement speed of the nozzle. They also found that the non Newtonian properties of the paints are of great importance to create these patterns. Since the fluid jets are rapidly stretched, the sudden increase of extensional viscosity plays an important role to produce the characteristic Pollock patterns.
(from the abstract in a Scientific presentation made by the author in 2014)

Alessandro Cozzani: Lights, cameras, action for satellite testing

noreply@blogger.com (José Gonçalves) — Thu, 13 Oct 2016 14:00:00 +0000