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a

2017-10-10T16:43:00.006+08:00

abar; abar-abar 1. dinding; 2. penghalang, penyekat: ~ kemajuan
masyarakat;
berabarkan mempunyai (sesuatu) sbg dinding atau penyekat,
berdindingkan: rumah yg ~ buluh;
mengabar 1. mengurangkan, meredakan: ubat yg dapat ~ keadaan
payah orang sakit; 2. menghalang, menyekat: pertempuranpertempuran
~ jalannya mesyuarat.

abau sj kura-kura, labi-labi; main ~ main tampuk labu.

ABC 1. abjad Rumi: budak itu sudah pandai membaca ~; 2. kep air batu
campur.

Abd. kep Abdul.

abdas (Parsi); berabdas mandi hadas.

abdi orang yg dimiliki oleh seseorang lain dan terpaksa melakukan apa saja
yg diperintahkan oleh tuannya (tanpa mempunyai kebebasan atau hak
sendiri), hamba, hamba tebusan; ~ negara Id pegawai kerajaan;
mengabdi 1. menjadi abdi (hamba): orang kulit hitam dr Afrika
pernah dipaksa ~ di Amerika Syarikat; 2. berlaku spt abdi,
menumpukan seluruh jiwa dan tenaga (kpd atau utk kepentingan
seseorang atau sesuatu): rela ~ kpd negara;
mengabdikan 1. menjadikan abdi, menghambakan, memperhamba: ~
tawanan perang; ~ diri kpd negara; 2. menggunakan sepenuhnya:
tenaganya diabdikannya kpd negara;
pengabdian perihal (perbuatan dsb) mengabdi atau mengabdikan:
tetapi Allah tidak membebani manusia dgn kemestian-kemestian yg
banyak utk melakukan ~; ~ seseorang kpd negara sbg tanda cintanya
terhadap negara; pd zaman dahulukala, ~ rakyat oleh raja sering
berlaku.

abdikasi turun dr takhta kerajaan dgn kehendak (kerelaan) seseorang raja
itu sendiri.

abdomen (Bio) rongga di bahagian tengah badan vertebrat (yg berisi organorgan
(spt perut, usus, buah pinggang, dan hati).

abese (abésé) Id abjad tulisan Rumi.

abet Jk tingkah laku;
mengabet bertingkah laku; bisa ~ tahu bertingkah laku.

abiad Ar sl putih; fidah yg ~ perak yg putih.

abid Ar orang yg menghambakan diri kpd Allah dgn beribadat kpd-Nya.

abidin Ar jamak bagi abid.

abilah (Parsi) cacar air, jeluntung; ~ Peringgi penyakit sifilis, penyakit raja
singa.

ABIM akronim bagi Angkatan Belia Islam Malaysia.

abintara sl pesuruh raja; ® bentara.

abiogenesis (abiogénesis) (Bio) penjanaan (secara hipotesis) benda hidup
drpd benda bukan hidup.

abjad 1. huruf-huruf dlm sesuatu bahasa yg disusun mengikut urutan yg
tertentu (spt A, B, C hingga Z bagi tulisan Rumi dan alif, ba, ta
hingga nya bagi tulisan Jawi); menurut (urutan) ~ menurut urutan
huruf dlm abjad; 2. urutan atau susunan huruf Arab (dgn setiap huruf
mempunyai nilai angka utk menyatakan tahun dll, mis alif = 1, ba = 2,
jim = 3, dal = 4, dll);
mengabjadkan menyusun (perkataan dll) menurut abjad: ~ nama
semua peserta;
pengabjadan perihal mengabjadkan, penyusunan perkataan (senarai
nama dll) mengikut urutan abjad.

ablasi (Bio) pembuangan tisu atau organ tubuh secara pembedahan.

abnormal 1. tidak spt yg biasanya terdapat (berlaku dsb), luar biasa:
keadaan yg ~; 2. Id agak gila;
keabnormalan keadaan yg menyimpang drpd kebiasaan, keadaan
tidak normal, keadaan luar biasa.

abnus Ar sl kayu hitam.

aboi C panggilan kpd kepala atau pembesar orang Cina.

abon Jw sayatan daging yg dibubuh rempah dan digoreng.

abonemen (abonemén) IB 1. langganan; 2. wang langganan; 3. =
berabonemen berlanggan.

abrak sl batu cermin, mika.

abrar Ar golongan orang yg soleh.

abras Ar 1. menghidapi penyakit kusta; 2. penyakit kusta.

abrit; abrit-abritan Jk berlari tunggang-langgang.

absah Id sah (bkn surat keterangan dll);
mengabsahkan mengesahkan (keputusan, persetujuan, dll);
keabsahan keadaan sah, kedudukan yg sah, kesahan: ~ dan
legitimasi politik itu sendiri secara yg berkesan harus berdasarkan
kemahuan rakyat dan pengikut umumnya;
pengabsahan pengesahan.

absen bp tidak hadir (di sekolah, di tempat kerja, dll);
mengabsen Id memanggil nama-nama orang utk mengetahui atau
menentukan siapa yg tidak hadir (di sekolah, di tempat kerja, dll):
guru ~ murid-murid pd waktu masuk sekolah.

abses (absés) bengkak yg bernanah.

absolusi Id pengampunan dosa (dlm agama Roman Katolik).

absolutisme prinsip yg menekankan bahawa pemerintah (raja, pemimpin
dsb) mestilah mempunyai kuasa yg mutlak atau tidak terbatas.

abstrak tidak berupa atau bersifat kebendaan (tidak dapat dilihat atau dirasa
dgn pancaindera), tidak konkrit atau maujud, niskala, mujarad:
kesetiaan adalah sesuatu yg ~;
mengabstrakkan menjadikan sesuatu abstrak;
keabstrakan perihal atau sifat abstrak: kematangan seseorang
pelukis boleh dilihat dlm ciri-ciri ~ lukisannya.

abstraksi proses membentuk gagasan atau konsep umum dgn memilih ciriciri
umum drpd contoh-contoh yg khusus: dlm kebanyakan kes,
pembinaan model biasanya melibatkan ~ ciri-ciri fenomena yg dikaji.

absurd mustahil, tidak masuk akal, bertentangan dgn fikiran yg waras:
sesungguhnya adalah ~ utk berbuat demikian kerana subjeknya
hanya diketahui oleh segelintir manusia.

abtar Ar 1. sl kudung; 2. terputus rahmat Allah.

abu I 1. sisa sesuatu yg telah hangus dibakar atau terbakar: ~ drpd ranting
dan daun kering yg dibakar boleh dijadikan baja; ~ dapur; ~ rokok;
2. debu, serbuk;
~ kayu (Hut) bahan tak organik (terutama oksida, karbonat, dan fosfat
drpd kalsium, kalium, dan magnesium) yg terdapat di dlm kayu; ~
logam (Hut) bahan lebihan logam yg tertinggal selepas selesai proses
pembakaran lengkap kayu atau bahan organik lain;
spt ~ di atas tunggul prb Mn dgn mudah boleh tercampak atau
terhalau, tidak bererti, tidak tetap (suami dlm rumah keluarga
isterinya dlm masyarakat Minangkabau dan di tempat-tempat tertentu
di NS); sudah jadi ~ arang prb sudah rosak sama sekali, tidak ada
gunanya lagi; terpegang di ~ hangat prb Mn baru saja memulai
sesuatu pekerjaan sudah mendapat kesusahan;
abu-abu Id warna kelabu;
mengabu menjadi abu, menyerupai abu;
mengabui 1. membubuh abu (pd sesuatu); 2. = ~ mata ki
menyebabkan (seseorang) terpedaya hingga tidak mengetahui atau
menyedari keadaan atau tujuan yg sebenar, mengelirukan,
menyesatkan pandangan, memperdaya: beliau mengingatkan
penduduk-penduduk di situ supaya mengawasi tindak-tanduk
golongan yg cuba ~ mata orang ramai;
keabu-abuan berwarna agak kelabu, kekelabu-kelabuan.

abu II kalah (dlm permainan congkak dll).

abu III suatu pangkat di Siam.

abu-abu; ikan ~ Id sj ikan laut.

abuh I riuh, sibuk.

abuh II Jw bengkak; sakit ~ (abuh-abuhan) sakit dgn bengkak-bengkak pd
kaki (tubuh dsb).

abuk; mengabuk Jw mengambil barang kepunyaan orang dan mengaku
atau mengatakan bahawa barang tersebut miliknya.

abuk-abuk = ~ sagu sj penganan yg dibuat drpd biji-biji sagu (gula melaka
dll).

FOODS FOR THE LIVER

2017-10-10T16:02:00.004+08:00

• Broccoli - and the rest of the brassica family of vegetables are proven to support Phase 2 liver detoxification, eat plenty of broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage (all kinds) and kale; in-fact rocket was observed to protect the liver against induced hepatic injury through its potent antioxidant activity.

• Raw fermented vegetables – give increased nutrients and support the health of the colon which in turn aids the liver.

• Onions – all vegetables from this family including leeks, garlic and shallots provide natural mustard oil glycosides that greatly support liver detox processes.

• Beetroot – for blood building (the liver contains 13% of your body’s blood); beetroot (Beta vulgaris) is high in iron, is a good antioxidant and has been shown to protect liver cells.

The hepatoprotective activity of Beta vulgaris may be attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The plant is safe to use even in large doses. Phytochemical studies on roots of Beta vulgaris have shown the presence of betaine, betacyanins, betaxanthins, oxalic acid, and ascorbic acid.

• Turmeric – a common spice you can add to soups, casseroles, curries and rice. Turmeric protects the liver against oxidative stress, improves blood circulation and improves liver function and detoxification processes.

It has been shown that curcumin found in turmeric is very effective in preventing liver damage induced by paracetamol overdose, and that the level of protection afforded by curcumin against paracetamol-induced liver damage is comparable to that of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), which is presently the main clinical treatment for paracetamol overdose in humans.

• Grapefruit - Studies conducted over past decades have suggested that the grapefruit might be active in cellular regeneration, cholesterol reduction, the detoxifying process, and the maintenance of heart health, in rheumatoid arthritis, for the control of body weight, and in cancer prevention. Grapefruit juice is an excellent source of many phytochemicals and nutrients that contribute to a healthy diet. It reduces fat accumulation in the liver and increases liver enzymes involved detoxification.

• Berries - These include Blueberries (Bilberry), Cranberry and Grape due to anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins.

The results of one study indicated that treatment with Bilberry significantly increased the liver enzymes, and spleen function, improving the proliferation of lymphocytes deriving from this organ. In conclusion, the authors suggested that consuming this berry type protected Liver hepatocytes from Oxidative Stress and could modulate the function of immune cells. It is important to remember that the anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins like those found in berries are also widely available in fruits, vegetables, and seeds of natural origin.

Source of Information : How to Detox your Liver Naturally

a

2017-10-09T15:36:00.003+08:00

a I huruf pertama abjad Rumi.

a II 1. sr utk melahirkan kegirangan atau menyatakan persetujuan: itu dia,
~, macam itulah caranya!; 2. sr utk menunjukkan terlupa akan
sesuatu: nama bukunya ... ~, nanti saya cuba ingatkan!

AA kep Asia-Afrika.

AB kep anggaran belanja.

aba I = aba-aba Id kata(-kata) perintah dlm latihan tentera (senaman) dll:
“Satu ...,” ~ Wit dr kerusinya.

aba II; ~-daba hama, kuman.

abad jangka masa seratus tahun (atau satu drpd jangka masa seratus tahun
yg berurutan yg dimulai dgn kejadian yg terpenting, iaitu Hijrah Nabi
Muhammad SAW bagi Tahun Hijrah atau kelahiran Nabi Isa bagi
Tahun Masihi), kurun: dlm ~ ke-15 tarikh Masihi (~ ke-9 tarikh
Hijrah) Melaka berkuasa di Asia Tenggara; beberapa ~ yg lampau
beberapa ratus tahun yg lalu; ~ kedua puluh jangka masa dr tahun
1901 hingga ke tahun 2000; ~ emas zaman sesuatu bangsa atau
negara mencapai puncak kejayaan, zaman kegemilangan (gemilang);
~ pertengahan = ~ tengah zaman dlm sejarah Eropah antara zaman
purbakala dan zaman baru (meliputi jangka masa antara kira-kira
tahun 476 hingga 1453M); ~ al-abid kekal selama-lamanya;
berabad-abad beratus-ratus tahun; sudah ~ lamanya sudah beratusratus
tahun lamanya.

abadi Ar 1. ada permulaan yg tiada pengakhiran (bkn masa, kehidupan,
kenangan dsb): kehidupan akhirat adalah kehidupan yg ~; 2. wujud
atau berterusan utk selama-lamanya (sepanjang hayat dsb), tidak
berkesudahan, kekal: keamanan yg ~; kasih sayang yg ~;
mengabadikan 1. menjadikan abadi, mengekalkan: kasih sayangnya
terhadap gadis itu tidak dapat diabadikannya; 2. menjadikan
peringatan (kenangan) yg kekal: hasil-hasil sastera itu diabadikan
melalui percetakan; sebuah tugu utk ~ jasa askar-askar yg
terkorban;
terabadi dapat diabadikan (dikekalkan): dgn usahanya itu ~ terus
cerita-cerita rakyat;
keabadian kewujudan yg abadi, kekekalan: ~ kasih sayang seorang
ibu; ~ perdamaian dan keamanan;
pengabadian perihal mengabadikan, pengekalan.

abadiah, abadiat Ar abadi.

abah I arah, tuju: tak tentu ~nya;
mengabah menuju;
mengabahkan mengarahkan, menujukan: ~ kapal ke tempat yg
tertentu.

abah II ayah, bapa (biasanya sbg kata panggilan oleh seorang anak kpd
bapanya).

abah-abah Jw alat, perkakas, tali-temali;
~ kuda alat kuda (spt tali kekang, pelana, dsb); ~ perahu tali-temali
perahu; ~ tenun alat (perkakas) tenun.

abai cuai, lalai; tidak ~ dr tidak cuai (lalai) dr;
mengabaikan 1. tidak atau sangat sedikit memberikan perhatian kpd
(seseorang atau sesuatu), tidak mengendahkan, mencuaikan,
melalaikan: ~ anak isteri; ~ tugas dan tanggungjawab; 2.
memandang tidak penting, tidak mempedulikan atau mengendahkan,
menganggap sepi: ~ tunjuk ajar dan nasihat orang; mereka ~ sahaja
segala kritik dan cemuhan; 3. tidak menggunakan (sesuatu kesempatan, kemudahan yg disediakan, dll), membiarkan atau
melepaskan, mensia-siakan: sayang sekali peluang keemasan itu
kauabaikan;
terabai tidak diberi perhatian (bkn seseorang atau sesuatu), tidak
dipedulikan (diendahkan atau digunakan), dibiarkan sahaja atau disiasiakan;
keterabaian keadaan terabai: ~ sesuatu kelompok;
keabaian perihal abai;
pengabaian perihal atau perbuatan mengabaikan (keluarga, tugas dan
tanggungjawab, nasihat dan teguran, peluang dan kemudahan, dll);
pengabai (orang yg sifatnya) suka mengabaikan atau sering tidak
memberikan perhatian kpd sesuatu (spt tugas, tanggungjawab, dsb).

abaimana (Sanskrit) sl dubur, kemaluan.

abaka sj tumbuhan (pokok) yg seratnya dibuat tali belati, Musa textilis.

abalone (abaloné) sj siput drpd genus Haliotis yg boleh dimakan.

abang I 1. saudara lelaki yg lebih tua drpd seseorang (biasanya seibu
seayah dengannya); 2. panggilan khususnya kpd saudara tua laki-laki,
adik-beradik; 3. panggilan kpd seseorang lelaki yg lebih tua sedikit;
4. panggilan kpd suami;
~ angkat orang lelaki yg lebih tua drpd seseorang yg tidak
mempunyai hubungan darah dengannya tetapi telah diambil sbg anak
oleh ibu bapanya; ~ ipar abang kpd isteri (atau suami) seseorang; ~
kandung abang yg seibu dan seayah dgn seseorang; ~ tiri abang kpd
seseorang yg merupakan anak kpd ibu atau ayahnya hasil drpd
perkahwinan yg terdahulu (dgn suami atau isteri yg lain);
berabang 1. mempunyai abang (biasanya abang kandung); 2.
memanggil seseorang abang, menggunakan kata (panggilan) abang
terhadap seseorang;
berabangkan mempunyai seseorang sbg abang: ~ seorang yg
pengasih dan bertimbang rasa.
abang II Jw merah.

How to Deliver the Speech

2017-02-26T18:21:00.000+08:00

Get Comfortable with the Crowd and Room
When it is finally time to deliver the speech, you should make sure that you arrive at the venue early—especially if you haven’t been there before. Take some time to scope out the area around you, including where people will sit and where you will be presenting. Take the opportunity to setup your laptop and/or projector if you need to. And try to do all of this stuff well in advance of the time you deliver. If you don’t do this in advance, and you find yourself confused or in the wrong place as a result, the pressure will build, which is the exact opposite of what you need before a big presentation. Instead, you want to arrive well in advance of the presentation, and you want the ability to check out the venue, get comfortable, and play out the scenario in your mind in a low-pressure situation because you ever have to speak a word to anyone else.

Don’t Dwell on Mistakes
One problem that many new speakers make is that they tend to dwell on mistakes. They might stutter or say words in the wrong order because they are nervous. And, instead of simply correcting themselves or moving on, they dwell on the error, apologize for it, and possibly even make fun of themselves using some self-effacing humor. While this may be okay for 1 or 2 mistakes, it really isn’t necessary and doesn’t add much to the presentation. To see why this is the case, just consider mistakes that you see in everyday conversation or on television. If it is clear from the context what the person meant, you won’t care whether or not the person painstakingly tries to correct what they said the first time. Instead, you would rather they move forward with the story. The same is true in any public speaking scenario. If what you said was unintelligible because of the mistake, then correct it briefly and without apology. But if what you said was clearly understood by the audience, don’t dwell on it. Instead, keep moving with the speech.

Stay Calm
Before you get up on stage to do your big speech or presentation, people will tell you to stay calm and that you’ll do great. Of course, if you haven’t done a lot of public speaking before, this advice probably seems insane. How could you possibly stay calm, you might wonder. So you ignore this as nicety and then get on stage to deliver your speech. A few minutes in, your heart is racing and you’re
stuttering. Now, in all fairness, even with this bit advice to “stay calm,” it is hard to know exactly what you should do to make it happen. What I will say, however, is that it is absolutely essential that you do stay calm and that you don’t panic. And here is how I suggest you do it:

i. Be prepared. I cannot stress this enough. If you prepare for your speech and you go through it with your family and friends, there’s really nothing to worry about. You’ll know the content of your speech so well that reciting in front of a group of strangers won’t be a big deal. On the other hand, if this is the first time you’ve ever said it in front of anyone else (or even recited it on your own), you’re more likely to get lost, to freeze, and then become nervous.

ii. Be at peace with pauses. If you’re sitting in the audience, it really isn’t a huge deal to you if the speaker pauses for 3-5 seconds to find her place on some speech notes. If it happens a lot, it might be annoying, but if it happens 2-3 times in the speech, it really isn’t a big deal. In fact, it is less distracting than if the speaker panics and repeatedly apologizes. So, either don’t apologize at all, or, at most, say something like “I’m sorry. Just give me a couple of seconds to find my place.”

iii. Use notes and/or a visual aid. If you’re delivering a eulogy or a wedding speech, a visual aid may be out of the picture. However, in many other scenarios, it will be a good option. Having a PowerPoint presentation or some other form of visual aid can go a long way in jogging your memory about what you’re supposed to say next. On the other hand, if you cannot use a visual aid, you should either write your speech out in full or jot down a notes on either a piece of paper or some notecards. If worse comes to worst, and you lose your place, you can scan the speech quickly and figure out where you’resupposed to be. This will be much better than stuttering, blushing, apologizing, and looking confused to the audience.

iv. Visualize everything in your head before you deliver the speech. Studies have shown that people who prepare for events ahead of time by visualizing the possible outcomes and how they will respond to them often do much better when the event arises. This is definitely true for public speaking. Envision how things might go well and how they might go poorly. Picture yourself responding to each scenario, so that you are prepared for anything.

To summarize—remaining calm is important. And the best way to do that is to be so prepared that the event truly does not seem like a big deal. You’ll know yourlines, and if something goes wrong, you’ll know how to cope with that, too. Being prepared is the easiest way to ensure that things go well and you don’t lose your cool.

Deviate from the Notes if Needed, But Not Too Far
Another important thing to keep in mind is that you should deviate from your notes or written speech if you have to. It may seem like a bad idea at first, but if the situation calls for it, skip a slide, change to a new topic, or jump ahead. Flexibility may be difficult to come by if you haven’t spoke in public multiple times, but if you allow for it, it can definitely improve your speech. With that said, you should definitely try to keep the deviations small and infrequent. For instance, skipping ahead to make sure you complete the presentation in time is good. But allowing a single question to derail your presentation for upwards of 10 to 15 minutes is a bad idea. Use your judgment when deciding which deviations are good and are likely to contribute positively to the speech; and which ones are going to be a time-sink with little reward.

Don’t Get Intimidated by Questions
If you’re giving a speech to coworkers, to your boss, to a seminar audience, or to an academic audience, you will probably have to field questions—and many of them. Some may seem mean-spirited, difficult, or designed to make you look bad and discredit everything you’ve said. And that is only to be expected. So expect this in advance. Expect the questions to be tough and tricky. And take them in stride. Listen to the audience member carefully, make sure you understand the question correctly, and then respond without losing your cool. If you have to, you can always say that you didn’t understand the question (and, thus, need the audience member to repeat it) or you can tell the audience member that you disagree, but will talk to her more about it later. Whatever you do, don’t lose your cool. You will always look better to the vast majority of the audience if you don’t get into petty struggles with individual members of the audience. You will also look better if you don’t appear visibly frazzled or insulted by a question. So try to maintain your composure—and then either answer the question or deflect it cleverly.

Source of Information : Public Speaking Exposed

Practice

2017-02-25T18:11:00.000+08:00

Deliver the Speech to a Friend
Practice is absolutely essential if you want to be a good public speaker. You cannot simply pen your speech and then deliver it the following day without ever having recited it once. That is a recipe for disaster.

Instead, what you should do is begin practicing your speech well in advance of the speaking date. Additionally, if you can, find a friend who is willing to listen to your speech and give comments. At first, it might seem irksome and embarrassing, but in the long run, you will feel much better about the quality of your speech after you have delivered it to a friend and have received extensive feedback.

In many cases, it is a good idea to deliver your speech to more than one friend or family member. This will allow you to get a better feel for how different types of people respond do it. Additionally, try to seek out individuals who are willing to provide blunt, honest feedback about changes you should make. It may be difficult to hear, but the information you gain as a result will be worth it.

Make Modifications as You Go
As you’re practicing your speech (either alone or with others), you should always keep something nearby to take notes on. As soon as you notice a flaw in your speech, you should take note of it and fix it when you’ve completed the run through. It might be annoying to do this when you’re trying to complete a smooth run-through, but it will pay off by allowing you to eliminate the mistakes and bad
phrasing quickly.

Time Your Practice Sessions
Another thing you must do is time your practice sessions. If you don’t know how long each of your runs is going, you won’t know whether to add more content or remove more content. So do yourself a favor and use your watch to time how long each run takes. If you find you’re taking too long, try to figure out what parts are inessential and remove them.

Ask for Criticism
Earlier in the section, we talked about the need to solicit criticism from people who hear your presentation, but this cannot be stressed enough. There are many things in your speech that may sound odd or may be confusing to anyone other than you. The only way in which you can expose these problem areas is to present it to someone else; and to hear what they have to say. So do it. Try to make your presentation to as many people as you can. And ask them to honestly criticize how you did and to make comments about how you can improve.

Source of Information : Public Speaking Exposed

How to Write Your Speech - Drawing a Powerful Conclusion

2017-02-24T09:16:00.000+08:00

When it comes to drawing a powerful conclusion, no template can really suffice. Your conclusion will depend on your subject matter and on the specific findings you have—or on the specific people you are talking about. No matter what the topic is, however, you will want to draw to keep your conclusion/closing powerful.

Again, while there is no template for doing this, it is something you should strive to accomplish. So, instead of writing the conclusion like you wrote everything else, take some time to think carefully about it, to revise it multiple times, and to present it to friends and family members until you feel confident that it is strong and compelling.

Source of Information : Public Speaking Exposed

How to Write Your Speech - Make your introduction interesting

2017-02-23T09:15:00.000+08:00

Instead of simply presenting a broad, boring summary of everything you’re going to say, take it as an opportunity to motivate the purpose of your speech, and to encourage people to participate. In short, use your introduction to make sure the audience is awake and interested in what you are about to do.

Source of Information : Public Speaking Exposed

How to Write Your Speech - Think of Your Introduction as an Instrument or Tool

2017-02-22T09:14:00.000+08:00

As with any good speech or presentation, your goal is to get into the meat of the speech, present some idea or topic, and hopefully get good responses and perhaps some useful suggestions (depending on your topic). You hope that the audience will enjoy it and will respond positively.

Unfortunately, there is usually a large stumbling blog that prevents you from doing all of this: the introduction. That’s right—before you can get into the meat of the presentation or speech, you have to wake your audience up, tell them what you’re going to talk about, and give them reasons to be interested. And your introduction is the tool you will use to accomplish this.

Now, one way in which you can instrumentalize your introduction to achieve this end is to use it to tease some of the more important findings or things that you will include in the rest of the speech. For instance, if it is a wedding speech, you might say that you’re going to reveal something about the groom that no one else knows—including the bride.

Alternatively, if you’re doing an academic presentation, you might consider teasing some of the important findings from your work. For instance, you might simply say “I found X,Y, and Z” in your introduction. You might think that it gives away too much too early, but in fact, it will focus your audience on the right idea—and will give them motivation to retain the rest of the information.

Source of Information : Public Speaking Exposed

How to Write Your Speech - Using Ice-‐Breakers

2017-02-21T09:12:00.000+08:00

In many situations, a good way to start a speech or presentation is with an icebreaker. This is usually a joke or an exercise of some sort that breaks the tension in the atmosphere that lingers before speeches.

As I mentioned before, if you’re presenting in front of a hostile crowd, an icebreaker might be a must. And it will be especially good if it is at your expense, since this will indicate that you are open to a critical view of your own beliefs or presentation. It will also suggest that you have listened to the other side for long enough to know the jokes they tell about yours. In addition to jokes, there are other ice-breakers that can be equally effective. For instance, you might ask people in the audience to perform some type of exercise or to think about a topic or an event for 15 seconds. Alternatively, you might ask them to answer interesting or challenging questions to stimulate thought and conversation.

Whatever you do, make sure you keep your audience and mind and focus on providing something that will truly break the ice. If you think that a joke won’t work at your conference, don’t use it. And if you think a thought exercise won’t fly at your business meeting, don’t use it. There are a time and a place for these things; and part of being a good speaker is to know when and where.

Source of Information : Public Speaking Exposed

How to Write Your Speech - Writing an Intro

2017-02-20T09:11:00.000+08:00

One of the most difficult parts of writing a speech is simply putting down an introduction. You might feel like you roughly know how the speech will flow and what elements you might include, but getting it off the ground can be quite difficult. Below, we will consider some approaches you might use to improve your intro, so that you don’t lose people before you even get started.

Source of Information : Public Speaking Exposed

How to Write Your Speech - Pick Quotes

2017-02-19T07:50:00.000+08:00

In many settings, quotes aren’t necessary and won’t add much to your speech. But in other cases, they border on a necessary. For instance, during weddings, one of the oft-used quotes is taken from First Corinthians 13:1-13. It often says in a few beautiful lines what many speakers feel they could not, even if they were given hundreds of lines.

In short, let the situation dictate whether or not you should use a quote. If you think it would add to your speech, then don’t hold back. If you think it might get a laugh that could warm up an otherwise hostile crowd, then do it. But if you think it’ll be perceived poorly, then don’t bother.

Source of Information : Public Speaking Exposed

How to Write Your Speech - Do Your Research

2017-02-18T07:46:00.000+08:00

If you want to give a good speech, you must start by doing your research. Far too many people believe they can get up in front of a crowd and deliver a speech based on something they’ve come up with on the spot or something they’ve thought about—but never truly investigated in any serious sense of the word. And once things start to go poorly—they get asked a tough question or they flounder around—they then start to believe that they’re just not a good public speaker.

In fact, this couldn’t be any less true. Preparation and research are a critical part of public speaking. And without them, delivering a speech to a large group of people—friends or not—could potentially be a disaster. So here’s what I suggest you do to gather research for your upcoming speech:

i. Wedding Speeches. You might assume that no research is needed when it comes to a wedding speech. You know the bride. You know the groom. What do you need research for? But, in fact, even a wedding speech can be significantly improved through research.

And, here, when I say research, I mean interviews. That’s right: don’t be annoying, but try to find times to interview different people in the wedding party. Talk to the groomsmen, talk to the bridesmaids, and maybe even consider talking to the bride and groom themselves. Use this process to gather important information about moments in the bride’s and groom’s lives, so that you can incorporate them into your speech and include heart-felt and surprising moments.

You’ll find that the bride, groom, and wedding-goers will be surprised and delighted by your wedding speech, which will provide not only your unique perspectives on the bride and groom, but will also provide beautiful reflections from family members and friends who will not get the chance to make a speech at this wonderful occasion.

ii. Business or workplace speeches. When it comes to this variety of speech, research is critical. The last thing you want to do is to present an argument in favor of a new method of doing business—only to find yourself with absolutely nothing other than pure opinion to back it up.

Here, research can take on a number of forms. One form is the process of finding out whether or not other businesses have already adopted your suggestion— and, if so, how things have done for them. If you can convincingly demonstrate that several similar businesses have done the same thing, and they are profiting as a result, then you’ll find that your bosses will be much more willing to adopt
your ideas.

So how can you do this? One way is to search through trade magazines and news articles online. If you can find evidence of successful businesses adopting the practices you mention, you’ll gain some traction there. In addition to this, you might consider searching Google Scholar for articles in the operations research, marketing, or business literature that find support for your argument.

Another possible route you can take is to look at the numbers for your own business. For instance, can you readily access databases on the accounting and production numbers for your own business? Can you reference specific cases where outcomes for particular clients were good? All of these things are important to find out and to use when building a case for your argument.

Finally, in order to build the credibility of your argument further, you might also consider providing some evidence to the contrary—and then explaining why it isn’t as convincing or why it doesn’t apply in your case. While this might seem like a bad idea, it will demonstrate to your detractors that you have considered all arguments, and will allow you to attack counter-arguments before anyone in the room is able to pose them.

iii. Academic speeches. If your speech is purely academic in nature, research will be even more important than in most other cases. If the audience gets a sense that you haven’t done your due diligence, they will quickly latch onto this, and will attempt to expose your ignorance of the
literature. This is especially true when your audience consists of academics who are familiar with all of the literature in your field.

Furthermore, it is important that you not only know the research that is related to your presentation, but that you also use it in your presentation. So don’t simply writing down paper findings from memory when you’re quickly scraping everything together, but take some time to find out where you read these findings, who wrote them, and in what context they wrote them.

In short, make sure that you not only know the findings in your field, but that you have explicitly written down the exact findings and their sources. This will ensure that you don’t get caught off-guard at your presentation.

Source of Information : Public Speaking Exposed

Know Your Audience - Use an Adaptive Approach

2017-02-17T07:44:00.000+08:00

When it comes to delivering good speeches, being adaptive is critical. You must be willing to change to fit the audience, to change to fit the environment, and to change to fit new objectives when surprises arise.

So, next time you are giving a speech, and you find yourself with a more hostile audience than you expected, think about what you can do to turn the situation around. For instance, consider telling a joke at your own expense that might make the environment a little more light-hearted and a little less hostile.

In may seem stupid, but making these minor adaptations can go a long way in making the content of your speech resonate with the audience. If they find you particularly strident, boring, or disconnected, they’re likely to lose interest, even if what you’re presenting is fundamentally good.

Source of Information : Public Speaking Exposed

Know Your Audience - Interact with Your Audience

2017-02-16T07:41:00.000+08:00

In addition to trying to find out things about your audience, you should also make an attempt to interact with your audience during the presentation. This is particularly important when you have a small audience and you are presenting as an expert in your field. Below, we’ll consider some strategies you can use to effectively interact with your audience:

i. Allow your audience to participate in a limited manner. If you’re working with limited time, you won’t want to allow your audience to freely participate in the seminar; however, you will want to make some attempt to let them ask questions and to challenge statements you have made in a limited fashion.

One way in which you can do this is to state the convention you’re going to use in advance. For instance, you might tell the audience to raise their hands if they have questions about the seminar—and you will call on them when possible.

Alternatively, you might suggest that people write down questions, and ask them only at the end to avoid derailing the talk. However, in many situations, you will be able to gain greater, more active participation if you allow people to stop you to ask questions—even if you limit how many you will take. If something you’ve said has confused them, for instance, this can be corrected naturally by their asking you for clarification.

ii. Control the flow of the interaction with your audience. Perhaps the most important skill you can develop as a speaker is to be able to control the flow of the dialogue you have with your audience. In particular, you will want to get comfortable with the idea that you will have to pass on certain questions. If you’re going to cover them later in the talk, you should always defer the question by mentioning that.

Another thing you need to get comfortable doing is declining questions or finding ways to work-around them. If, for instance, a particular member of the audience repeatedly asks the same or similar questions (and claims that you aren’t answering them satisfactorily), then you need to find a way to answer them, so that you can move forward.

One way in which you can deal with these members of the audience (the ones who repeatedly push a particular point) is to simply tell them you will discuss it with them after the speech is complete. Another possibility is to direct them to evidence (perhaps by providing paper citations or by referencing someone else’s work) that supports what you have claimed. Even if they still disagree, they will have to find out about that work and discredit it before they can continue with their allegation.

iii. Listen carefully to your audience. Many speakers make the mistake of leaping to answer audience members’ questions before they have even completed the sentence. While it may seem like this is a good way to prevent audience members from going on too long, it can backfire if they claim that you’ve misinterpreted their question.

My advice is to compactly restate the audience member’s question before you answer it. This practice will ensure that you answering the right question—and will also give audience members the general impression that you actually care to get the question right before answering it. So, listen carefully and quietly, restate the question, and then ask if you’ve gotten it right. Only after you’ve done that should you begin answering it.

iv. Acknowledge good criticism for what it is. If your audience consists of other experts or of coworkers who have experience on similar projects, it is possible that they’ll think of something you haven’t. And if and when they do, you should take it for what it is: good, useful advice.

So, next time you get useful advice, don’t be quick to discard it. Instead, credit the audience member for her suggestion, and then write it down on a piece ofpaper, so that a) you can remember to look into that question further; and b) it isclear to the audience that they can actually contribute to what you are doing by providing useful comments.

Source of Information : Public Speaking Exposed

Know Your Audience - Seminar Speeches

2017-02-15T07:40:00.000+08:00

If you happen to be very good at what you do—be it grant writing, Internet marketing, sales, or telecommunications engineering—you may be called to hold a seminar or at least speak at one at some point in your career. This can be quite difficult—especially if you never had to do public speaking previously.

As with the other situations we discussed, knowing your audience is critical. If you’re a telecommunications engineer, for instance, it’ll be very important to know if your audience will be other engineers—or if it will be an audience of laymen with little experience in your field. Knowing this will provide you with critical information about how to structure your speech and how much technical content to include.

Source of Information : Public Speaking Exposed

Know Your Audience - Academic Speeches

2017-02-14T07:38:00.000+08:00

If you’re planning to speak in front of an audience of academics or of students, you may not be able to get a handle on every person who will be in the audience, but you should be able to get a rough idea. For instance, if the speech is for a class, it’ll be obvious who will be there. But if the speech is for a conference, then you might only have a rough idea of the types of people who will be there (i.e. professors of a particular discipline or certain types of students).

If you think a particularly noteworthy individual will be there—such as an expert on your topic—then this is something important to take into consideration. As we mentioned with the business speech example, it is always a good idea to run some of your more controversial ideas by a fellow student, academic, or (if possible) expert in your field. This will give you a chance to test the response you get before you have to run it by your audience.

Source of Information : Public Speaking Exposed

Know Your Audience - Speeches to Coworkers and Bosses

2017-02-13T07:36:00.000+08:00

On the other hand, if you’re planning to deliver a speech to your coworkers and boss at work, it is a great idea to try to research your audience in advance. One way to kick off this research is to simply find out who is going to be invited to the meeting. Is it your boss and a number of other higher-ups? Is it mostly your coworkers? Or is it possibly your boss’s boss, too? These are important things to know before you write your speech.

Once you know who will be present at your speech, you should try do some additional research to try to determine how they will respond. For instance, if you’re planning to include some controversial suggestions about what you believe the business should do, you might want to first consider raising the topic with co-workers and with your boss, so that you can get feedback before you include them.

Furthermore, if you believe your boss’s boss will be present at the meeting, you may want to spend some extra time with your boss to make sure that your presentation will make him or her look good. If you don’t have much contact with his or her superiors, you might not know exactly how to do this. For this reason, it is a good idea to try to work this out with your boss in advance.

Source of Information : Public Speaking Exposed

Know Your Audience - Research Your Audience

2017-02-12T07:35:00.000+08:00

When it comes to speaking in public, few things are more important than performing research on your audience. If you don’t know who they are, how they’re likely to respond to your speech, and how this might affect your speech, you could be in for a number of unpleasant surprises.

With wedding speeches and eulogies, this won’t be as much of an issue. For the most part, you know who will be there: family and friends. And the topic will be compelling enough in itself, so that you won’t have to worry about thinking about individual members of the audience.

Source of Information : Public Speaking Exposed

How to Pick the Right Topic - Keeping Things Simple

2017-02-11T07:33:00.000+08:00

When selecting a topic, always try to keep things simple. For instance, let’s say your talk aims to answer an important academic or business question. Instead of stating the longest or most complicated form of that question, instead attempt to revise that question repeatedly until it is as simple and concise as it can be without losing a lot of its content. In short, make your question as clear and as obvious as possible.

This also holds true with other types of speeches. The more you try to work into your speech, the weaker, broader, and less coherent the speech will appear. Instead of trying to cover so much, focus on picking a small slice of content to cover—and then to cover that slice well.

Source of Information : Public Speaking Exposed

How to Pick the Right Topic - Appealing to a Large Group

2017-02-10T07:31:00.000+08:00

Another important part of your topic is to try to pick one that will appeal to a large group. At first, you might think that picking an obscure topic will make you appear smart, but in reality, it is more likely to irritate your audience and bore them if they are unable to follow you. Below, we’ll consider some strategies you could use to pick topics that appeal to large groups:

i. Pick a complicated topic, but focus on simplifying it. If you pick a complicated topic, but focus only on demonstrating its complexity, you’re likely to lose most of the audience, which won’t make you appear smart, but rather arrogant or desperate to appear clever or smart.

On the other hand, if the goal of the talk is take a complicated topic and to demonstrate how a layman can understand it, you are likely to gain widespread interest from the audience. Even among an academic audience of experts, they will appreciate it if you can explain your topic in a way that all people—not just someone from your particular area of expertise—can understand.

ii. Pick a simple, but controversial topic. Another great way to appeal to a large audience is to focus on a controversial topic that is simple. Each person in the audience will have opinions about the topic coming into the event, which will make it hard to ignore your talk—especially if you do a good job of highlighting and discussing important issues.

iii. Propose a new solution to an old problem. A final way in which you can capture the attention of a large audience is to propose a new solution to an old problem. For instance, you might focus your talk around a well-known problem (perhaps the government’s inability to pay for a particular program), and explain how you believe it can be solved in a creative, novel way. This should help you to gain interest from a large audience.

Source of Information : Public Speaking Exposed

How to Pick the Right Topic - Narrowing Down Your Topic

2017-02-09T07:17:00.000+08:00

Once you have a complete set of restrictions to guide your speech, it is time to begin narrowing down your topic. Below, we’ll consider some of the possible topics you could select for several different types of common speeches:

i. The Best Man’s Speech. Now, this may seem obvious to you. You’re the best man, and it is your job to talk about the groom and to give some advice. Contrary to what you might believe, however, there are many different varieties of the best man’s speech that you might consider.

For instance, if you’re already married, you may focus on bestowing advice on the groom that comes from your own marriage. You might theme it around something like “10 Things to Look Out for in Marriage.” You can then detail each of the things you have found to be important, and you can relate it to the personalities of the groom and the bride.

Another possible take on this speech is to use the history of the groom as the topic. This will work especially well if you knew the groom longer than he knew the bride. You can talk about who the groom was before he met her, how he changed as a result of meeting her, and where they are today.

Yet another option is to focus on the theme of marriage itself. Talk about what it means to you, what it means to those you know, what it means to people the groom knows, and what it should mean to the bride and groom. Make sure that you make flattering comments about the bride and also bestow a couple of gems of wisdom.

ii. Academic Speech. Depending on the class in which you are delivering the speech, you might have many or few restrictions. However, no matter how many restrictions you face, this shouldn’t extinguish your ability to be creative with topic selection.

For instance, if you are forced to pick a topic about a particular country, you might consider focusing on something very specific about that country, rather than doing a broad overview. This will give you some freedom to be creative and to create an interesting speech, when you otherwise might have simply presented a summary of relevant facts.

Furthermore, this remains true even for more difficult academic speeches. As an example, consider a situation where you must present a published journal article. One way in which you can do this is to present a summary of each of the sections of the article. However, if you wanted to give a more lively and informative presentation, you might start by framing it in the context of related literature. Once you have done that, you could move forward to explain what is novel about it and why its findings are important.

In short, there are may ways in which you can select a topic, even for an academic speech—and even after your “topic” has seemingly been pinned down for you. All you have to do is frame that topic in a different light and you can end up with a dramatically better presentation as a result.

iii. Eulogy. When it comes to a eulogy, it may seem clear that the topic of the speech is predetermined. What else could you possibly talk about other than the person who has passed away? But, in fact, when considering how best to celebrate the person’s life and to leave him or her with a meaningful final goodbye, you have many options.

For instance, one possibility is to take the biographical approach. Here, you’d attempt to give a broad overview of the person’s life. You’d talk about her parents, her youth, her career, and her loved ones. You’d put emphasis on the things that mattered most to her, but you’d attempt to give a full picture.

Another approach is to focus primarily on the relationship that you had with that person. In doing this, you acknowledge that your understanding of the person will be primarily dictated by your own personal experiences with her. In admitting this, you can move forward by talking about what made her unique to you, and the special experiences you shared.

A final approach is to try to highlight interesting moments in the person’s life. You can draw not only from the moments you shared with each other, but the moments other people shared with that person. You can look to family and friends to accumulate these moments, so that you can share them with the audience.

Of course, there are many more options. But this highlights an important reality: even when it comes to something like a eulogy, the exact framing of the topic you cover doesn’t have to be so rigid. You have many options, so use them to provide a wonderful goodbye to your loved one.

Source of Information : Public Speaking Exposed

How to Pick the Right Topic - Working with Restrictions

2017-02-08T07:17:00.002+08:00

In some cases, you will have a great deal of leeway when it comes to topic selection. That is, you might be going into the speech with no set topic and few restrictions on the length and subject matter, so that you can do almost anything you want to.

In other cases, you may be working with significant restrictions. For instance, if you’re delivering a speech at a wedding as the best man, you will have both time restrictions and content restrictions.

With this said, the fact that restrictions exist shouldn’t worry you. But you should be careful to pin down the extract restrictions before you get started. Here’s a list of some things you should consider that might place restrictions on your speech:

i. The Subject Matter. Are you delivering a eulogy? Are you giving an academic presentation? Are you delivering a speech at a wedding? Or are you giving a presentation to your coworkers, clients, or boss about your area of expertise? All of these will place different restrictions on the content of your speech. Make sure you know exactly how this will restrict your presentation, so that you can take this into the account in the writing stage.

ii. The Approximate Time Length. In many situations, you will have a flexible time limit, but it is always good to know what a reasonable upper and lower bound would be for your speech. Again, when you’re in the writing stage, it will help to know this in advance.

iii. The Approximate Frequency of Interruptions. In many situations, when you deliver a speech, interruptions will not be permitted. But when they are permitted—such as in some academic presentations—it is a good idea to try to find out how frequent they typically are (and approximately how much time they will consume), so you can adjust the target length of your speech accordingly.

Of course, depending on your particular situation, there may be additional restrictions to take into account. Just make sure that you discuss the restrictions with whoever has scheduled your speech. Make sure that you know this before you proceed to the next steps.

Source of Information : Public Speaking Exposed

春节

2017-02-07T21:24:00.003+08:00

1。春节从前不叫“春节”。
正月初一在古代不叫春节，而叫元旦。辛亥革命后采用公历纪年，遂称公历1月1日为元旦，农历正月初一为春节。国民党曾试图废除春节，但是被中国人民强烈抵制后以失败告终。

2。“春节”从前不是节日。
中国历史上的“春节”一词，不是节日，而是特指二十四节气中的“立春”。《后汉书·杨震传》中有载：“春节未雨，百僚焦心，而缮修不止，诚致旱之征也。”到南北朝时，“春节”是泛指整个春季。

3。春节有狭义、广义之分。
现今狭义的春节一般指中国农历年的岁首，即农历正月初一。民间广义的春节是指从腊月初八的腊祭或腊月二十三、二十四的祭灶，一直到正月十五。

4。春节的时间（农历正月初一）在公历1月21日至2月21日之间游动。

“最早的春节”（如1966年的1月21日）和“最迟的春节”（如1985年的2月20日）相差整一个月。

根据历法计算，如果农历不进行人为调整的话，2319年2月21日将迎来“史上最晚春节”，此前春节最迟出现在公历2月20日，为1920年和1985年。

5。春节可能过两个。
闰春节，又称“闰正月”，从公元 1645 年使用历理置闰制开始，到公元 2800 年，农历闰正月只发生 6 次，其年份分别是1651、2262、2357、2520、2539、2634 。

嗯。最近一次要等到 2262 年，我们没缘分碰见了。

碰到这种情况，原则上春节过第一个正月的，不过也有过两次的。

6。大年三十也会在“二十九”。
一个月没有30天，这在农历中是很正常的事情。因为现行农历是根据地球、月亮、太阳三者运行的天文数据来安排的，必须每个月的初一看不到月亮任何明亮的部分，也就是“朔”。

而事实上，月亮从圆到缺的时间，平均周期是29.53天，安排月份的天数必须是整数，这就导致了大月、小月的出现，便会发生某个月拥有30天，某个月29天的情况。

如果这个月刚好是腊月，那么这一年（农历）就没有大年三十了，除夕也就提前到了腊月二十九。

7。春节每天庆祝内容都不同。
春节虽然是一个整体性的习俗，但是每天的庆祝内容却不相同。从初一到初七，分别是鸡日、犬日、猪日、羊日、牛日、马日和人日。传说女娲先用六天造出了鸡、狗、猪、羊、牛、马，积累了经验后在第七天才造出了人。所以，初七为什么要上班？！

8。春节不只中国有。
世界上除了中国之外，还有很多国家将农历新年列为法定假期，分别是：韩国、朝鲜、越南、马来西亚、新加坡、印尼、毛里求斯、缅甸、文莱。另外，以前的日本也过农历新年，但明治维新后废除了农历，节日也直接搬至阳历。

9。压岁钱其实不是“钱”。
压岁钱其实不是“钱”，而是铸成钱币形状的辟邪品。传说古时候有一种小妖名叫“祟”，每年除夕夜里出来害人，压祟钱就是专门用来吓走这货的。

10。“福”字倒贴有讲究！
大门上的“福”字不能倒贴，在民俗传统中，水缸、垃圾箱和柜子才要倒贴福字。为了避讳在倒水和倒垃圾时把家里的福气倒走，便在这两处倒贴福字，巧用“福至”来抵消“福去”。

11。最早的爆竹真的是竹子！
关于爆竹的最早可靠记载见于南朝梁代宗懔《荆楚岁时记》:“正月一日是三元之日也，谓之端月。鸡鸣而起，先于庭前爆竹，以避山臊恶鬼。”当时的爆竹是把竹子放在火里烧，因竹子焚烧发出“噼噼叭叭”的响声，故称爆竹。而新年起床第一件事也是爆竹。

以后火药出现，人们将硝石、硫磺和木炭等填充在竹筒内燃烧，产生了“爆仗”。到了宋代，汉族民间开始普遍用纸筒和麻茎裹火药编成串做成“编炮”（即鞭炮）。

12。正月不理发。
“正月不理发”是有一定科学依据的，《黄帝内经》“四气调神大论”中认为春天应该让头发散开自由生长，而不该剪断，诊察发爪可以断重病、决生死，但“剃头死舅舅”的说法纯属无稽之谈啦。

13。拜年抱拳有学问。
男子拜年抱拳要“左抱右”，中国传统习惯尚左贬右，所以抱拳时要用左手包右手，此谓“吉拜”；如果右手包左手，则称为“哀拳”，是向别人报丧或求饶时使用的手势。女性抱拳则相反，但女子不抱拳，只压手。

Source of Information : 小小药店 https://www.facebook.com/MyTinyHerbsStore/

元宵抛柑捞柑

2017-02-07T21:06:00.004+08:00

农历正月十五是“元宵节”，也是“中国情人节”。在古代，单身男女会在这一天外出赏花灯，也顺道觅良缘。来到现代，单身男女也会外出，但不是赏花灯，而是主动出击直接到湖边抛柑和捞柑，找个对象告别单身！

你知道吗？
大马元宵抛柑习俗，
最初是由祖籍福建的大马未婚女子开始的，
而福建话也有这样的一句话
“丢柑嫁好尪，丢鼓娶好某”
意思是女生抛柑许愿嫁个好郎君，男生丢鼓则娶得好老婆）

抛柑攻略
1.相约朋友一起抛柑或赴约，热闹又安全。

2.联络方式要写清楚，字体忌潦草。

3.确定使用防水油性麦克笔，以防前功尽弃。

4.画上逗趣图案或简短介绍，抢眼又出位。

5.刚认识，女人切记勿单独赴约。

捞柑攻略
1.相约朋友出席，因为单独出席会让人心生怀疑及戒备。

2.准备捞柑长棍、网等工具，捞到柑的成功率就会比较高。

3.小心安全，别掉入水中。

4.使用真实姓名，诚实的交流。

你知道吗？

由于元宵（正月十五）是踏入春天的第一个满月，所以古时候就有“向月许愿以催旺桃花”这样的说法哦！

来到现代，想要催旺桃花不用等待元宵也可以，
现在就来听听国际堪舆学家炜轩大师教你在鸡年怎样催旺桃花

这些人适不适合拜天公？

2017-02-03T15:12:00.003+08:00

（根据大马福建籍贯习俗及古代民俗传统的说法）

1、为父母、祖父母带孝者
3年内（两周年）不可庆祝一切喜庆节日，包括天公诞，故此带孝期间不可拜天公。

2、为伯父母、叔父母、兄及嫂、弟及弟媳带孝者
弟及媳虽然属于小辈不需带孝，但也得一年不喜庆来哀悼。孝期一年内不可庆祝一切喜庆节日，故一周年内不可拜天公。不过，古代的大家庭，伯叔兄弟都住在一起，如今盛行个人小家庭式，兄弟感情生疏。近年发现，很多都不再为伯叔兄弟带孝，因此也就没守一年孝期，照常过喜庆节日及拜天公了。

3、为舅父母、姑父母、姨父母带孝者
古代是姑父母一年，姨父母5个月，舅父母3个月。我国早期是一律49或100天，如今多数在出殡后不为之带孝，所以照过喜庆节日及拜天公。

4、为外祖父母带孝者
古代的孝期长，但我国的外祖父母孝期多为7天。故可以过喜庆节日及拜天公，尤其本身的内祖父母尚健在的，更是一定要拜天公。

5、为岳父母带孝者
古代是3个月孝期。我国习俗认为女婿属于半子，出殡后就无需带孝，故可以过喜庆节日及拜天公，尤其本身父母健在的，更是一定要拜天公。

6、出嫁女儿带本身父母的孝
出嫁女儿有3年（两周年）的孝期，她可以为夫家准备祭品等工作，但本身不可以拜天公，其公婆、夫婿、儿子们都可以祭拜。

7、坐月内的产妇可以拜吗？
产妇身体虚弱，应该多休养，不宜处理一切事务及外出抛头露面，故不可以拜天公。但其夫家的所有人都可以祭拜，若担心进入月内房身体不洁，那就以七色花及柚子叶或石榴叶等辟邪物来沐浴除秽就行了。

8、倘若天公诞期间，正好遇到亲戚如外祖父母、姑父母、舅父母、姨父母逝世，可以拜天公吗？
这个问题可不容易处理，如果本身家中尚有长辈（如自己的祖父母或父母）健在，那可以照常拜天公。假如长辈已故，那就依照情况斟酌而行，或庆祝天公诞后才赴丧，或赴丧而不拜天公也可以。

9、儿女殇亡，可以庆祝天公诞吗？
不满8岁的不办丧礼，8岁至19岁夭亡者，称为“殇”，20岁以上才是成年人（我国有未婚者均归类为非成年人之俗）。古代8岁以上的子女殇亡，有5个月至9个月的丧期。我国风俗不为晚辈带孝，甚至认为长辈最尊，儿女或媳妇早逝，依然照过喜庆节日，但也有一些人遵行一年不过喜庆节日之俗。出嫁女儿及女婿早逝则无需遵守此俗，可以照常过节拜天公。

Source of Information : http://www.sinchew.com.my/

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