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Pharmacist jobs - Delhi - - 0 to 1 years of experience

2019-10-05T00:39:00.000+05:30

Pharmacist jobs - Delhi - - 0 to 1 years of experience - 26 September 2019

Full–time

Job Description : • Locality-Okhla Industrial Area • Role-Pharmacist • Min Salary-Rs. 20000 • Max Salary-Rs. 21000skills-Qualifications-B.PharmExperience-0 to 1 Years

Indigo Pharmaceuticals - Job Details Date of posting: 26 Sep 19

Job Description :

Locality-Okhla Industrial Area
Role-Pharmacist
Min Salary-Rs. 20000
Max Salary-Rs. 21000

Job Summary

Job Type : Full Time

Job Role : Pharmacist / Medical Rep

Job Category :

Hiring Process : Face to Face Interview

Who can apply : Freshers and Experienced (0 to 1 Years )

Pharmacist jobs - Meerut - - 1 to 2 years of experience

2019-10-05T00:23:00.000+05:30

Pharmacist jobs - Meerut - - 1 to 2 years of experience - 26 September 2019

MUKUL ENTERPRISES

Meerut, Uttar Pradesh

Full–time

Job Description : • Locality-Partapur • Role-Pharmacist • Education-12th pass • Languages known-English ,Hindiskills-Marketing, PharmaQualifications-12th Pass (HSE),B.PharmExperience-1 to 2 Years

Walk-In for FRESHERS @ Aurobindo Pharma Ltd on 5th Oct' 2019

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Walk-In for FRESHERS @ Aurobindo Pharma Ltd on 5th Oct' 2019

MSN Laboratories Pvt. Ltd - Walk-In Drive for Freshers & Experienced - Analytical R&D | Kilo Lab | Production Department on 3rd Oct' 2019

2019-10-01T22:26:00.004+05:30

MSN Laboratories Pvt. Ltd - Walk-In Drive for Freshers & Experienced - Analytical R&D | Kilo Lab | Production Department on 3rd Oct' 2019

MICRO LABS LIMITED - Walk-In Drive for Freshers & Experienced - Production | Packing | QA on 5th Oct' 2019

2019-10-01T22:15:00.004+05:30

MICRO LABS LIMITED - Walk-In Drive for Freshers & Experienced - Production | Packing | QA on 5th Oct' 2019

MICRO LABS LIMITED - Walk-In Drive for Freshers & Experienced - Production | Packing | QA on 5th Oct' 2019

MICRO LABS LIMITED - Walk-In Drive for Freshers & Experienced - Production | Packing | QA on 5th Oct' 2019

WALK IN INTERVIEW @ MICRO LABS 12 & 19 OCT 2019

2019-10-01T22:10:00.000+05:30

WALK IN INTERVIEW @ MICRO LABS 12 & 19 OCT 2019

Micro Labs Ltd.-Walk-In Interviews for Diploma Apprentices On 21st & 28th Sept’, 12th & 19th Oct’ 2019

B Pharm Pharmacy 1st Semester Notes

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B Pharma Notes

B.Pharmacy 1st Semester complete Notes
B.PHARMA NOTES

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1. Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry [IPC] :

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B Pharma Pharmacy 2nd Semester Notes

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B.PHARMA

B.PHARMACY NOTES OF 2nd Semester

B Pharma Pharmacy 3rd Semester Notes

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B.PHARMA

B.PHARMACY NOTES OF 3rd SEMESTER

B.Pharma 3rd Semester Notes

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B Pharma Pharmacy 1st Semester Syllabus

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B Pharma Pharmacy 1st Semester Syllabus

Syllabus

FIRST SEMESTER

TO DOWNLOAD B.PHARMA 1st YEAR SYLLABUS CLICK HERE

RPH-101

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-I

(PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY)

An outline of methods of preparation, tests of identification and special tests (if any), of the individually

mentioned inorganic pharmaceuticals.

Unit I

Sources of impurities and their control.

Limit tests for iron, arsenic, lead, heavy metals, chloride and sulphate.

Pharmaceutically acceptable glass.

Gases and vapors: Inhalants (Oxygen), anesthetics (Nitrous oxide).

Unit II

Topical agents: Protectives (Calamine, Kaolin). Astringents (Zinc sulphate, Alums). Anti-infectives

(Boric acid, Hydrogen peroxide, Povidone-Iodine, Silver nitrate).

Dental products: Dentifrices (Dicalcium Phosphate), anti-caries agents (Sodium fluoride).

Antioxidants : Sodium metabisulphite.

Unit III

Gastrointestinal agents: Antacids (Aluminium hydroxide, Calcium carbonate, Magnesium hydroxide,

Magnesium carbonate-light and heavy, Bismuth sub-carbonate), Combination antacids. Cathartics

(Disodium hydrogen phosphate, Magnesium sulphate). Protective and Adsorbents (Activated charcoal,

Aluminium sulphate).

Miscellaneous agents: Expectorants (Ammonium chloride, Potassium iodide). Respiratory stimulants

(Ammonium hydroxide).

Unit IV

Major intra and extracellular electrolytes: Physiological ions, electrolytes used for replacement

therapy (Sodium chloride, Potassium chloride, Calcium gluconate, Magnesium chloride), Combination

therapy including ORS.

Essential and trace elements: Iron and haematinics (Ferrous sulphate, Ferrous gluconate, Ferric

ammonium citrate). Mineral supplements (Cu, Zn, Cr, Mn, I).

Unit V

Inorganic radiopharmaceuticals: Radioactivity, units of radioactivity and radiation dosimetry,

measurement of radioactivity, hazards and precautions in handling of radiopharmaceuticals, clinical

applications of radiopharmaceuticals.

Co-ordination compounds and complexation: Co-ordination theory, chelates and their pharmaceutical

importance, poison antidotes (Sodium thiosulphate).

RPH-101P

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-I

(PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY)

PRACTICAL

1. To perform limit test of chloride, sulphate, iron and heavy metal arsenic in the given sample.

Identification tests for acidic and basic radicals.

2. Preparation of following compoundsBoric acid

Magnesium sulphate

Magnesium carbonate

Calcium carbonate

Alum

Zinc sulphate.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

1. Pharmacopoeia of India, 1996 Edition, The Controller of Publications, Delhi.

2. Block J.H., Roche E., Soine, T. and Wilson, C., Inorganic, Medicinal & Pharmaceutical Chemistry,

Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.

3. Atherden L.M., Bentley and Driver’s Text Book of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Oxford University

Press, London.

4. Miessler, G.L. and Tarr, D.A. Inorganic Chemistry, Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson

Education), New Delhi.

5. Svehla, G. and Sivasankar, B. Vogel's Qualitative Inorganic Analysis, Dorling Kindersley (India)

Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson Education), New Delhi.

6. Rao K.S. and Suresh, C.V. Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry, PharmaMed Press, Hyderabad.

7. Chenchu Lakshmi, N.V. Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry: Theory and Practice, Dorling

Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson Education), New Delhi.

RPH-102/RPH-202

PHARMACEUTICS-I

(GENERAL PHARMACY)

Unit I

History of pharmacy and Pharmacopoeia: Origin and development of pharmacy, scope of pharmacy,

introduction to Pharmacopoeias- IP, BP, USP and International Pharmacopoeia. Introduction to

National Formularies and Extra Pharmacopoeia. An introduction to the contents of IP and parts of a

monograph.

Unit II

Prescription: Definition, types of prescription, handling of prescription, legality of prescription and

specific Latin terms used in modern day prescription (sos, od, bd, tid, qid).

Pharmaceutical additives: Coloring, flavoring and sweetening agents, co-solvents, preservatives and

their applications.

Unit III

Pharmaceutical calculations: Weights and measures, weighing of solids and measurement of liquids.

Posology: Introduction, calculation of doses for infants, enlarging and reducing recipes.

Percentage solutions, alligation method, alcohol dilution, proof spirit.

Unit IV

Introduction to Pharmaceutical dosage forms: Classification, formulation methods of powders,

mixtures, syrups and elixirs and their labeling requirements.

Definitions: Solutions, spirits, infusions, paints, aromatic waters, mouth washes, gargles, lotions,

liniments, pastes, ointments, creams, inhalations, tinctures, lozenges and pastilles.

Unit V

Size Reduction: Definition, principles, laws and mechanisms governing size reduction, factors affecting

size reduction. Study of ball mill and fluid energy mill. Introduction to sieving methods.

Mixing: Theory of mixing, solid-solid, solid-liquid and liquid-liquid mixing equipments.

RPH-102P/RPH-202P

PHARMACEUTICS-I (GENERAL PHARMACY)

PRACTICAL

1. Preparation of following classes of pharmaceutical dosage forms (involving the

use of calculations in metrology) as official in I.P., B.P., U.S.P-N.F.

a) Aromatic Waters i. Chloroform Water B.P.

ii. Concentrated Peppermint Water B.P.

iii. Strong Rose Water U.S.P.-N.F.

b) Mixtures i. Mixture of Precipitated Chalk B.P.

ii. Kaolin Mixture B.P.

c) Syrups i. Simple Syrup B.P./U.S.P./I.P.

ii. Ferrous Sulphate Syrup U.S.P.

d) Powders i. ORS Powder I.P.

ii. Absorbable Dusting Powder U.S.P.-N.F.

iii. Effervescent Compound Powder B.P.C.

2. Study of the role of pharmaceutical additives in formulations

a) Colouring agent: i. Compound Sodium Chloride Mouthwash B.P.

ii. Phenol Gargle B.P.C.

b) Flavouring agent: i. Orange Tincture I.P.

ii. Potassium Citrate Mixture B.P.

c) Sweetening agents: i. Simple Elixir I.P.

d) Cosolvents: i. Camphor Water I.P.

ii. Compound Iodine Throat Paint I.P. (Mandl’s Paint)

e) Preservatives: i. Compound Zinc Sulphate Mouthwash B.P.C.

ii. Calamine Lotion I.P.

f) Surfactants: i. Cresol with Soap Solution I.P.

ii. Turpentine Liniment B.P.

3. Experiments to illustrate principles of size reduction using Ball Mill. Effect of size of balls,

number of balls and time on the efficiency of ball mill.

4. Experiments to illustrate mixing efficiency.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

1. Pharmacopoeia of India, The Controller of Publications, Delhi.

2. British Pharmacopoeia, Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, University Press, Cambridge.

3. United States Pharmacopoeia (National Formulary).

4. Carter S.J., “Cooper and Gunn’s Tutorial Pharmacy, CBS Publishers, Delhi.

5. Rawlins E.A., Bentley’s Text Book of Pharmaceutics, ELBS Bailliere Tindall.

6. Lachman L, Lieberman H.A and Kanig J.L., Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, Lea

& Febiger, Philadelphia.

7. Cooper and Gunn’s Dispensing for Pharmaceutical Students, CBS Publishers, New Delhi.

8. Aulton M.E, Text Book of Pharmaceutics, Vol., I & II. Churchill Livingstone, London.

9. Remington, The Science and Practice of Pharmacy Vol. I & II. Mack Publishing Co.,

Pennsylvania.

10. Jain N.K., Modern Dispensing Pharmacy, 2nd Ed, PharmaMed Press/BPS Books,

Hyderabad.

RPH-103

ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY- I

Unit I

Introduction to human body and organization of human body.

Functional and structural characteristics of cell.

Structural and functional characteristics of tissues- epithelial, connective, muscle and nerve.

Unit II

Skeletal system: Structure, composition and functions of skeleton. Classification of joints, types of

movements of joints.

Muscular system: Anatomy and physiology of skeletal and smooth muscle, energy metabolism, types

of muscle contraction, muscle tone.

Unit III

Sense organs: Basic anatomy and physiology of the eye (vision), ear (hearing), taste buds, nose (smell),

and skin (superficial receptors).

Unit IV

Communicable diseases: Brief outline, causative agents, modes of transmission and prevention

(chicken pox, measles, influenza, diphtheria, tetanus, tuberculosis, leprosy, poliomyelities, malaria,

rabies, dengue).

Unit V

Demography and family planning, medical termination of pregnancy.

First aid: Emergency treatment of shock, snake bites, burns, poisoning, fractures and resuscitation

methods

RPH-103P

ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY-I

PRACTICAL

1. Study of types of microscopes, their parts and functions.

2. To draw and study the organization of human body.

3. To study the human skeletal system.

4. To study various types of joints.

5. To study different prepared slides- such as muscle, nerve cells, epithelial tissues, connective tissues

etc.

6. Examination of color vision and acuity of vision.

7. Identification of different tastes.

8. Examination of ear.

9. Techniques of tying of different types of bandages.

10. Study of emergency treatments in case of burns and poisoning.

11. To prepare and study different charts related to pathophysiology of communicable diseases.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

1. Marieb E.N. Human Anatomy and Physiology, Benzamin Cummings (Pearson Education Inc.), San

Francisco.

2. Park K., Preventive and Social Medicine, Banarsidas Bhanot Publishers, Jabalpur.

3. Seeley R.R., Stephens T.D. and Tate P. Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology, McGraw-Hill, New

York.

4. Tortora G.J, and Anagnodokos NP Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, Harper & Row

Publishers, New Delhi.

5. Ross & Wilson Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness, Churchill Livingstone, London.

6. Chatterjee C.C. Human Physiology, Medical Allied Agency, Calcutta.

7. Parmar N.S. Health Education and Community Pharmacy, CBS Publishers, Delhi.

8. Keele, C.A., Niel, E and Joels N, Samson Wright’s Applied Physiology, Oxford University Press,

New York.

9. Dandiya, P.C., Zafer, Z.Y.K., and Zafer, A. Health Education and Community Pharmacy, Vallabh

Prakashan, Delhi.

RPH-104/RPH204

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS-I

Unit I

Fundamentals of volumetric analysis, preliminaries and definitions, precision and accuracy, types of

errors, methods of expressing concentration, primary and secondary standards, different techniques of

analysis, Factors affecting the choice of analytical methods, significance of quantitative analysis in

quality control.

Unit II

Acid base titrations: Acid base concepts, role of solvent, relative strengths of acids and bases,

ionization, common-ion effect, pH, hydrolysis of salts, Henderson-Hasselbach equation, buffer solution,

neutralization curves, acid base indicators, theory of indicators, choice of indicators, mixed indicators,

polyprotic system. Assay of boric acid as per I.P.

Unit III

Oxidation reduction titrations: Concepts of oxidation and reduction, equivalent weights of oxidizing

and reducing agents, theory of redox titrations-redox indicators, oxidation reduction curves. Titrations

involving ceric sulphate, potassium permanganate, iodimetry and iodometry. Assay of ascorbic acid

tablet as per I.P.

Unit IV

Complexometric titrations: Principle, complexing agents, indicators, masking and demasking, types

of complexometric titrations and applications. Assay of alum and determination of hardness of water.

Precipitation titrations: Precipitation reactions and techniques, solubility products, Mohr’s method,

Volhard’s method and Fajan’s method.

Unit V

Miscellaneous methods of analysis: Diazotization titrations, Karl-Fischer titration. Kjeldahl’s method

of nitrogen determination. Radioassays (Autoradiography, RIA). Assay of sodium iodide (131I) solution

as per I.P.

RPH-104P/RPH-204

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS-I

PRACTICAL

1. Study of general glassware and apparatus required for various analytical procedures.

2. Study of various types of balances, standardization of analytical weights, weighing and calibration of

volumetric apparatus.

3. Preparation and standardization of acids and bases (Primary and secondary standards) as per I.P.

4. Assay procedure of various drugs using acid base titrations as per I.P.

5. Preparation and standardization of some redox titrants (potassium permanganate, potassium

dichromate, iodine, sodium thiosulphate etc).

6. Assay procedure of various drugs using redox titrations as per I.P.

7. Preparation and standardization of EDTA as per I.P.

8. Assay of magnesium hydroxide and magnesium sulfate as per I.P.

9. Determination of hardness of water as per I.P.

10. Preparation and standardization of sodium nitrite as per I.P.

11. Assay of sulfa drugs using diazotization titration as per I.P.

12. Estimation of nitrogen in some organic compounds using Kjeldahl method.

13. Preparation and standardization of silver nitrate and ammonium thiocyanate as per I.P.

14. Titrations based on Mohr’s, Volhard's and Fajan’s methods.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

1. Mendhanm J., Denny R.C., Barnes J.D., Thomas M, Jeffery G.H., Vogel’s Textbook of Quantitative

Chemical Analysis, Pearson Education Asia.

2. Conners K.A., A Text book of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wiley Inter-science.

3. Beckett A.H., and Stenlake J.B., Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vol. I & II. Athlone Press,

University of London.

4. British Pharmacopoeia, Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, University Press, Cambridge.

5. Alexeyev V. Quantitative Analysis. CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi.

6. The Pharmacopoeia of India, The Controller of Publications, Delhi.

RPH-105/RPH-205

COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS

Unit I

Definition and overview of computer, computer classification, computer organization, computer

code, input devices, output devices, storage devices. Computer software, types of software.

overview of computer networks, LAN, MAN, WAN. Internet, network topology. Internetworking:

Bridges, repeaters and routers.

Unit II

Introduction: Operating system and function, evolution of operating system, batch, interactive,

time sharing and real time system. Single user operating system and multi-user operating system.

Basics in MS-DOS, internal and external commands in MS-DOS.

Unit III

Introduction to MS-OFFICE-2007, word 2007 document creation, editing, formatting table

handling, mail merge. Excel-2007, editing, working retrieval, important functions, short cut keys

used in EXCEL.

Unit IV

MS-Power point 2007-Job Profile, elements of Power point , ways of delivering presentation,

concept of Four P’s (planning, preparation, practice and presentation) ways of handling

presentations, e.g. creating, saving slides show controls, adding formatting, animation and

multimedia effects.

Unit V

Computer applications in pharmaceutical and clinical studies, uses of internet in pharmaceutical

industry.

RPH-105/RPH-205

COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS

PRACTICAL

Software lab to be used for the following:-

1. Windows, Managing Windows, Working with Disk, Folders and files.

2. MS-Office 2003 (MS Word, MS Power point, MS Excel, MS Access).

3. Computer Operating System like DOS and Windows.

4. Internet Features (E-mail, Browser etc.).

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

1. Sinha R.K., Computer Fundamentals, BPB Publications, New Delhi.

2. Raja Raman V., Computer Programming in ‘C’, PHI Publication, New Delhi.

3. Hunt N and Shelley J., Computers and Common Sense, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.

4. Tiwari, N.K., Computer fundamentals with Pharmacy Applications, PharmaMed Press, Hyderabad.

5. Rao G.N., Biostatistics and Computer Applications, PharmaMed Press/ BSP Books, Hyderabad.

6. Mansfield R., Working in Microsoft Office, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd, New

Delhi.

7. Leon M. and Leon A., Fundamentals of Computer Science and Communication Engineering",

UBS Publishers Distributors Ltd, New Delhi.

8. Norton, P. Peter Norton's Introduction to Computers, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi.

Scheme of Evaluation (Choice Based Credit System) Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm.) FIRST SEMESTER

B PHARMA PHARMACY 1ST SEMESTER EVALUATION SCHEME

B Pharma Pharmacy 2nd Semester Syllabus

2019-08-21T23:11:00.000+05:30

B Pharma Pharmacy 2nd Semester Syllabus

SEMESTER 2

TO DOWNLOAD B.PHARMA 1st YEAR SYLLABUS

RPH-206/RPH-106

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-II

(PHARMACEUTICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY)

Unit I

Introduction, classification and nomenclature of organic compounds.
Electron displacement in organic chemistry (inductive effect, resonance, hyperconjugation).
Stereochemistry including geometrical isomerism, optical isomerism, specification of configuration and
conformational analysis.

Unit II

Reaction intermediates (free radicals, carbocations, carbanions, carbenes and nitrenes).
Introduction to aliphatic hydrocarbons and some of their characteristic reactions with mechanisms such as;
alkanes (free radical substitution), alkenes and dienes (electrophilic and free radical additions), alkynes,
cycloalkanes (types of strain including Baeyer strain theory).

Unit III

Introduction to aliphatic organic compounds and some of their characteristic reactions with mechanisms
such as; alkyl halides and alcohols (nucleophilic substitution and nucleophilic elimination), amines,
aldehydes and ketones (nucleophilic addition), carboxylic acids and their derivatives (nucleophilic acyl
substitution).

Unit IV

Introduction to aromatic organic compounds, aromaticity, structure of benzene, electrophilic substitution,
orientation and reactivity in electrophilic aromatic substitution, nucleophilic substitution, arenes, phenols.
Polynuclear hydrocarbons (naphthalene).

Unit V

Introduction to synthetic organic chemistry: α, β- Unsaturated carbonyl compounds. Compounds
containing active methylene group (acetoacetic ester), organometallic compounds (Grignard's reagent),
aryl diazonium salts and their synthetic importance.
Name reactions (including reaction mechanisms) and synthetic applications: Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley
reduction, Hofmann rearrangement, Mannich reaction, Diels Alder reaction.

RPH-206P/RPH-106P

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-II(PHARMACEUTICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-I)

PRACTICAL

1. Identification of organic compounds (including elements and functional groups).
2. Synthesis of compounds involving acetylation, benzoylation, bromination, reduction and oxidation.
Picric acid.
Aniline.
Acetanilide.
Aspirin.
Hippuric acid.
p-Bromo acetanilide.
Iodoform.
Oxalic acid.
3. Purification of solvents like benzene, chloroform, acetone and preparation of absolute alcohol.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

1. Morrison R.T., Boyd R.N. and Bhattacharjee, S.K. Organic Chemistry, Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt.
Ltd. (Pearson Education Ltd.), New Delhi.
2. Finar I.L. Organic Chemistry, Vol. I & II, Pearson Education Ltd, New Delhi.
3. Bruice P.Y. and Prasad, K. J. R. Organic Chemistry, Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi.
4. Sykes P., A Guidebook to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, Longman Group Ltd, London.
5. Singh M.S. Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions and Mechanisms, Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt.
Ltd, New Delhi.
6. Jain M.K. Organic Chemistry, Sohan Lal Nagin Chand & Co, New Delhi.
7. Mann F.G, and Saunders, B.C., Practical Organic Chemistry, Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.
(Pearson Education Ltd.), New Delhi.
8. Vogel A.I., Elementary Practical Organic Chemistry, Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson
Education Ltd.), New Delhi.

RPH-207

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-III(PHARMACEUTICAL PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY)

Unit I

Atomic structure and chemical bonding: Atomic structure, atomic orbital, molecular orbital,
hybridization, covalent (sigma and pi) bond, electrovalent bond.
Chemical kinetics: Elementary idea of reaction kinetics-zero, first and second order reaction, complex
reactions. Characteristics of homogenous and heterogeneous catalysis, acid-base and enzyme catalysis.

Unit II

Distribution law: Distribution law and application to solvent extraction.
Matter and its properties: Physical properties (surface tension, parachor, viscosity, rheochor, refractive
index, optical rotation, dipole moment). Liquid crystals, glassy state, crystalline and amorphous solids and
polymorphism.

Unit III

Thermodynamics: Fundamentals, first, second, third and zeroth law, Joule-Thompson’s effect, absolute
temperature scale, conversion of temperature between different scales.
Thermo chemistry: Definition and sign conventions. Heat of reaction: heat of formation, heat of
combustion, heat of neutralization, heat of solution, heat of phase changes. Bond enthalpies and Hess's law
of constant heat summation.

Unit IV

Electro-chemistry: Faraday’s laws of electrolysis, electric conductance and its measurement, molar and
equivalent conductivity and its variation with dilution. Transport number and Kohlrausch law, degree of
ionization and Ostwald dilution law. Theory of strong electrolytes (Debye Huckle theory).

Unit V

Adsorption: Definition, types and mechanism of adsorption, pharmaceutical applications of adsorption.
Phase equilibria: Phase, component, degree of freedom, sublimation critical point, cooling curves, phase
rule. One and two component systems (e.g. water, KI-H2O).

RPH-207P

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-III(PHARMACEUTICAL PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY)

PRACTICAL

1. Determination refractive index of given liquids.
2. Determination of specific rotation of sucrose at various concentrations and determination of the
intrinsic rotation.
3. Determination of rate constant of a simple reaction.
4. Determination of cell constant, verify Ostwald dilution law and perform conductometric titrations.
5. Determination of surface tension.
6. Determination of partition co-efficient.
7. Determination of viscosity.
8. Determine the parachor value.
9. Determine the rheochor value.
10. Determination of solubility.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

1. Engel T., Reid P. Physical Chemistry, Pearson Education, London.
2. Tinoco I.J., Sauer K., Wang J.C. and Puglisi J.D. Physical Chemistry principles and applications in
biological sciences, Pearson Education, New Delhi.
3. Martin A., Bustamante P. and Chun A.H.C- Physical Pharmacy, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.
4. Mark L. Introduction to Physical Chemistry, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
5. Levine Ira N. Physical Chemistry, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, New Delhi.
6. Barrow G.M. Physical Chemistry, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, New Delhi.
7. Atkins P. and Paula, J.D. Atkins Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
8. Bhasin S.K. Pharmaceutical Physical Chemistry, Pearson Education, New Delhi.
9. Negi A.S. and Anand S.C. Textbook of Physical Chemistry, Wiley Eastern Ltd, New Delhi.

RPH-208

ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY-II

Unit I

Central nervous system: Anatomy of different parts of brain and spinal cord, reflex action,
electroencephalogram, specialized functions of the brain. Cranial nerves and their functions.

Unit II

Autonomic nervous system: Physiology of the autonomic nervous system. Neurotransmitters, mechanism
of neurohumoral transmission.

Unit III

Haemopoietic system: Composition and function of blood and its elements, erythropoiesis, blood groups,
blood coagulation, Anemia.
Lymphatic system: Composition, formation and circulation of lymph, lymph node and spleen, thymus and
pathophysiology of hypersensitivity and allergy.

Unit IV

Urinary system: Anatomy and physiology of urinary system, physiology of urine formation, acid-base
balance, pathophysiology of renal failure, glomerulonephiritis, urinary tract infection.

Unit-V

Digestive system: Parts of digestive system, their structure and functions. Various gastro-intestinal
secretions and their role.
Pathology of peptic ulcer, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, hepatitis, cirrhosis of liver,
pancreatitis.

RPH-208P

ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY-II

PRACTICAL

1. Microscopic study of different tissues.
2. Haematological experiments:
a) Estimation of haemoglobin in blood.
b) Determination of bleeding time, clotting time.
c) R.B.C. Count.
d) Total leucocyte count (TLC), Differential leukocyte count (D.L.C.)
e) E.S.R. and blood group.
3. Recording of body temperature, pulse rate and blood pressure.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

1. Difore S.H., Atlas of Normal Histology, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.
2. Tortora, G.J., Anagnodokos N.P., Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, Harper & Rave Publishers,
New Delhi.
3. Dipiro J.L., Pharmacotherapy- A Pathophysiological Approach, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
4. Seeley R.R., Stephens T.D. and Tate, P. Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology, McGraw-Hill, New
York.
5. Guyton A.C., Hall JE., Text book of Medical Physiology, WB Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
6. Ross and Wilson, Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness, Churchill Livingstone, London.
7. Chatterjee C.C. Human Physiology, Medical Allied Agency, Calcutta.
8. Zdanowicz, M. M. Essentials of Pathophysiology for Pharmacy, CRC Press, Boca Raton.
9. Chaurasia B.D, Human Anatomy, Regional & Applied Part I, II & III, CBS Publishers & Distributors,
New Delhi.
10. Sood, R. Medical Laboratory Technology: Methods and Interpretation, Jaypee Brothers, New Delhi.

RPH-209/RPH-109

PHARMACOGNOSY– I

Unit I

Definition history, scope and development of pharmacognosy.
Source of drug: Biological, marine, mineral and plant tissue culture as source of drugs.
Classification of drugs: Morphological, taxonomical, chemical and pharmacological, chemotaxonomy.

Unit II

Plant Description: Morphology and anatomy of leaves, woods, barks, inflorescences and flowers, fruits
and seeds.

Unit III

Propagation, cultivation, collection, processing and storage of crude drugs:
a. Factors influencing cultivation of medicinal plants, type of soils and fertilizers of common use.
b. Pest management and natural pest control agents.
c. Plant hormones and their applications.
d. Polyploidy, mutation and hybridization with reference to medicinal plants.
e. Poly Houses/ Green houses for cultivation.

Unit IV

Quality control of crude drugs: Adulteration of crude drugs and their detection by organoleptic,
microscopic, physical, chemical and biological methods of evaluation (including quantitative microscopy).

Unit V

Systematic pharmacognostic study of following:
Carbohydrates and derived products: Agar, Acacia, Honey, Isabgol, Starch, Tragacanth.
Lipids: Beeswax, Castor oil, Coca butter, Kokum butter, Hydnocarpus oil, Cod liver oil, Linseed oil, Wool
fat, Rice-bran oil.

RPH-209/RPH-109P

PHARMACOGNOSY-I

PRACTICAL

1. Morphological characteristics of plant parts mentioned in theory.
2. Microscopical measurements of cell and cell contents-starch grains, calcium oxalate crystals and
phloem fibres.
3. Determination of leaf constants such as stomatal index, stomatal numbers, vein islet numbers, vein
termination number and palisade ratio.
4. Identification of crude drugs belonging to carbohydrates and lipids.
5. Preparation of herbarium sheets.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

1. Pharmacopoeia of India, 2010 Edition, The Controller of publications, Vol. III, Delhi.
2. Trease G.E. and Evans W.C., Pharmacognosy, Bailleire Tindall, East Bourne.
3. Wallis T.E., Text book of Pharmacognosy, J & A Churchill, Ltd, London.
4. Wallis T.E., Analytical Microscopy, J & A Churchill Limited, London.
5. Brain K.R. and Turner T D. The Practical Evaluation of Phytopharmaceuticals, Wright-Scientechnica,
Bristol.
6. Dutta A.C, Botany, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
7. Schewer P.J., Marine Natural Products, Academic Press, London.
8. Wallis T.E. Practical Pharmacognosy, PharmaMed Press, Hyderabad.
9. Kokate C.K. Practical Pharmacognosy, Vallabh Prakashan, Delhi.

RPH-210/RPH-110

PHARMACEUTICAL MATHEMATICS AND BIOSTATISTICS

Unit I

Determinants, properties of determinants, solution of simultaneous equations by Cramer’s rule. Matrices,
properties of matrices, solution of simultaneous equations by matrices. Pharmaceutical applications of
determinants and matrices.

Unit II

Limit of functions, differentiation of logarithmic, trigonometric and exponential function (not proof), chain
rule, integration as reverse of differentiation, method of substitution, integration by parts.

Unit III

Methods of collection of data, diagrammatic representation of data (Pie, Histogram, Bar diagram), types of
sampling; mean, median, mode and standard deviation.

Unit IV

Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation, regression, method of least square of straight line, t-test, χ² test,
F-test.

Unit V

Probability: Simple probability, addition and multiplication of probabilities, binomial, Poisson’s and
normal distributions.

RPH-210P/RPH-110P

PHARMACEUTICAL MATHEMATICS AND BIOSTATISTICS PROJECT

1. Collection of data by survey methods.
2. Classification and tabulation of data.
3. Frequency distribution table for collected data (discrete and continuous).
4. Calculation of mean, median, mode, standard deviation and coefficient of variation for collected data.
5. Graphical representation of frequency distribution of collected data (histogram, frequency polygram,
frequency curve and ogive curve).
6. Chi-square testing for data analysis.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

1. Blair R.C., Taylor, R.A. Biostatistics for the Health Sciences, Dorling Kindersley India Pvt., Ltd.
2. Gupta S.P. Statistical Methods, Sultan Chand & Sons, New Delhi.
3. Khan I.A. and Khanum, A. Biostatistics for Pharmacy, Ukaaz Publications, Hyderabad.
4. Prasad G. Textbook of Differential Calculus, Pothishala Pvt. Ltd, Allahabad.
5. Prasad G. Textbook of Integral Calculus, Pothishala Pvt. Ltd, Allahabad.
6. A Textbook of Mathematics for XI-XII Students, Vol. I-IV, NCERT Publications, New Delhi.

Scheme of Evaluation (Choice Based Credit System) Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm.) SECOND SEMESTER

B PHARMA PHARMACY 2ND SEMESTER EVALUATION SCHEME

B Pharma Pharmacy 3rd Semester Syllabus

2019-08-20T00:54:00.000+05:30

Pharma Pharmacy 3rd Semester Syllabus

SEMESTER 2

TO DOWNLOAD B.PHARMA 2nd YEAR SYLLABUS

BP301T.

PHARMACEUTICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY –II (Theory)

45 Hours

Scope: This subject deals with general methods of preparation and reactions of some

organic compounds. Reactivity of organic compounds are also studied here. The syllabus
emphasizes on mechanisms and orientation of reactions. Chemistry of fats and oils are
also included in the syllabus.
Objectives: Upon completion of the course the student shall be able to
1. Write the structure, name and the type of isomerism of the organic compound
2. Write the reaction, name the reaction and orientation of reactions
3. Account for reactivity/stability of compounds,
4. Prepare organic compounds.
Course Content:
General methods of preparation and reactions of compounds superscripted with asterisk (*)
to be explained.
To emphasize on definition, types, classification, principles/mechanisms, applications,
examples and differences
Unit I 10 Hours
 Benzene and its derivatives
A. Analytical, synthetic and other evidences in the derivation of structure of benzene,
Orbital picture, resonance in benzene, aromatic characters, Huckel’s rule
B. Reactions of benzene - nitration, sulphonation, halogenation- reactivity,
Friedelcrafts alkylation-reactivity, limitations, Friedelcrafts acylation.
C. Substituents, effect of substituents on reactivity and orientation of mono
substituted benzene compounds towards electrophilic substitution reaction.
D. Structure and uses of DDT, Saccharin, BHC and Chloramine.
Unit II 10 Hours
 Phenols* - Acidity of phenols, effect of substituents on acidity, qualitative tests,
Structure and uses of phenol, cresols, resorcinol, naphthols
 Aromatic Amines* - Basicity of amines, effect of substituents on basicity, and
synthetic uses of aryl diazonium salts
 Aromatic Acids*– Acidity, effect of substituents on acidity and important reactions
of benzoic acid.
Unit III 10 Hours
 Fats and oils
a. Fatty acids – reactions.
44
b. Hydrolysis, Hydrogenation, Saponification and Rancidity of oils, Drying oils.
c. Analytical constants– Acid value, Saponification value, Ester value, Iodine value,
Acetyl value, Reichert Meissl (RM) value– significance and principle involved in their
determination.
Unit IV 08 Hours
 Polynuclear hydrocarbons:
a. Synthesis, reactions
b. Structure and medicinal uses of Naphthalene, Phenanthrene, Anthracene,
Diphenylmethane, Triphenylmethane and their derivatives.
Unit V 07 Hours
 Cycloalkanes*
Stabilities – Baeyer’s strain theory, limitation of Baeyer’s strain theory, Coulson and
Moffitt’s modification, Sachse Mohr’s theory (Theory of strainless rings), reactions of
cyclopropane and cyclobutane only.
45
BP305P
.PHARMACEUTICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY -II (Practical)
4 Hrs/week
I Experiments involving laboratory techniques
 Recrystallization
 Steam distillation
II Determination of following oil values (including standardization of reagents)
 Acid value
 Saponification value
 Iodine value
III Preparation of compounds
 Benzanilide/Phenyl benzoate/Acetanilide from Aniline/ Phenol
/Aniline by acylation reaction.
 2,4,6-Tribromo aniline/Para bromo acetanilide from Aniline/
 Acetanilide by halogenation (Bromination) reaction.
 5-Nitro salicylic acid/Meta di nitro benzene from Salicylic acid /
Nitro benzene by nitration reaction.
 Benzoic acid from Benzyl chloride by oxidation reaction.
 Benzoic acid/ Salicylic acid from alkyl benzoate/ alkyl salicylate by
hydrolysis reaction.
 1-Phenyl azo-2-napthol from Aniline by diazotization and coupling
reactions.
 Benzil from Benzoin by oxidation reaction.
 Dibenzal acetone from Benzaldehyde byClaison Schmidt reaction
 Cinnammic acid from Benzaldehyde by Perkin reaction
 P-Iodo benzoic acid from P-amino benzoic acid
Recommended Books (Latest Editions)
1. Organic Chemistry by Morrison R.T., Boyd R.N. and Bhattacharjee, S.K. Dorling
Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson Education Ltd.), New Delhi
2. Organic Chemistry by I.L. Finar , Volume-I, Pearson Education Ltd, New Delhi.
3. Textbook of Organic Chemistry by B.S. Bahl & Arun Bahl.
4. Practical Organic Chemistry by Mann and Saunders.
5. Vogel’s Text book of Practical Organic Chemistry
6. Advanced Practical Organic Chemistry by N.K.Vishnoi.
7. Introduction to Organic LaboratoryTechniques by Pavia, Lampman and Kriz.
8. Reaction and Reaction Mechanism by Ahluwaliah/Chatwal.
9. A Guidebook to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry- by Sykes P., Longman Group Ltd,
London.
10. Organic Chemistry- by Jain M.K., Sohan Lal Nagin Chand & Co, New Delhi.
11. Organic Chemistry by P.L.Soni.
12. Advanced Practical organic chemistry by N.K.Vishnoi.
46
BP302T.
PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS-I(Theory)
45Hours
Scope: The course deals with the various physica and physicochemical properties, and
principles involved in dosage forms/formulations. Theory and practical
components of the subject help the student to get a better insight into various
areas of formulation research and development, and stability studies of
pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Objectives: Upon the completion of the course student shall be able to
1. Understand various physicochemical properties of drug molecules in the
designing the dosage forms.
2. Know the principles of chemical kinetics & to use them for stability testing and
determination of expiry date of formulations.
3. Demonstrate use of physicochemical properties in the formulation.
development and evaluation of dosage forms.
Course Content:
Unit I 10 Hours
Solubility of drugs: Solubility expressions, mechanisms of solute solvent interactions,
ideal solubility parameters, solvation & association, quantitative approach to the factors
influencing solubility of drugs, diffusion principles in biological systems. Solubility
of gas in liquids, solubility of liquids in liquids, (Binary solutions, ideal solutions)
Raoult’s law, real solutions. Partially miscible liquids, Critical solution temperature and
applications. Distribution law, its limitations and applications.
Unit II 10 Hours
States of Matter and properties of matter: State of matter, changes in the state of matter,
latent heats, vapor pressure, sublimation critical point, eutectic mixtures, gases, aerosols
– inhalers, relative humidity, liquid complexes, liquid crystals, glassy states, solidcrystalline, amorphous & polymorphism.
Physicochemical properties of drug molecules: Refractive index, optical rotation,
dielectric constant, dipole moment, dissociation constant, determinations and applications.
Unit III 08 Hours
Surface and interfacial phenomenon: Liquid interface, surface & interfacial tensions,
surface free energy, measurement of surface & interfacial tensions, spreading
coefficient, adsorption at liquid interfaces, surface active agents, HLB Scale,
solubilization, detergency, adsorption at solid interface.
47
Unit IV 08Hours
Complexation and protein binding: Introduction, Classification of Complexation,
Applications, methods of analysis, protein binding, Complexation and drug action,
crystalline structures of complexes and thermodynamic treatment of stability constants.
Unit V 07 Hours
pH, buffers and Isotonic solutions: Sorensen’s pH scale, pH
determination (electrometric and calorimetric), applications of buffers, buffer equation,
buffer capacity, buffers in pharmaceutical and biological systems, buffered isotonic
solutions.
48
BP306P.
PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS – I (Practical)
1. Determination the solubility of drug at room temperature.
4 Hrs/week
2. Determination of pKa value by Half Neutralization/ Henderson Hasselbalch equation.
3. Determination of Partition co- efficient of benzoic acid in benzene and water.
4. Determination of Partition co- efficient of Iodine in CCl4 and water.
5. Determination of % composition of NaCl in a solution using phenol-water system by
CST method.
6. Determination of surface tension of given liquids by drop count and drop weight
method.
7. Determination of HLB number of a surfactant by saponification method.
8. Determination of Freundlich and Langmuir constants using activated char coal.
9. Determination of critical micellar concentration of surfactants.
10. Determination of stability constant and donor acceptor ratio of PABA-Caffeine
complex by solubilitymethod.
11. Determination of stability constant and donor acceptor ratio of Cupric-Glycine
complex by pH titration method.
Recommended Books: (Latest Editions)
1. Physical Pharmacy by Alfred Martin.
2. Experimental Pharmaceutics by Eugene, Parott.
3. Tutorial Pharmacy by Cooper and Gunn.
4. Stocklosam J. Pharmaceutical Calculations, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.
5. Liberman H.A, Lachman C., Pharmaceutical Dosage forms, Tablets, Volume-1 to
3, MarcelDekkar Inc.
6. Liberman H.A, Lachman C, Pharmaceutical Dosage forms. Disperse systems,
volume 1, 2, 3. Marcel Dekkar Inc.
7. Physical Pharmaceutics by RamasamyC and ManavalanR.
8. LaboratoryManual of Physical Pharmaceutics, C.V.S. Subramanyam, J.
Thimma settee.
9. Physical Pharmaceutics by C.V.S. Subramanyam.
10. Test book of Physical Phramacy, by Gaurav Jain & Roop K. Khar.
11. Physical Pharmaceutics- by Shotten E & Ridgeway K, Oxford University Press,
London.
3. Essentials of Physical Pharmacy- by D.V. Derle.
4. Modern Pharmaceutics, Banker and Rhodes.
5. Pharmaceutics- by Aulton, M.E, The Design and Manufacture Of Medicines,
Churchill Livingstone.
6. Hajare, A. Physical Pharmacy, New Central Book Agency Pvt. Ltd., Kolkata.
49
BP 303 T.
PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY (Theory)
Scope:
45 Hours
Study of all categories of microorganisims especially for the production of alcohol
antibiotics, vaccines, vitamins enzymes etc.
Objectives: Upon completion of the subject student shall be able to;
1. Understand methods of identification, cultivation and preservation of
various microorganisms
2. To understand the importance and implementation of sterlization in
pharmaceutical processing and industry
3. Learn sterility testing of pharmaceutical products.
4. Carried out microbiological standardization of Pharmaceuticals.
5. Understand the cell culture technology and its applications in pharmaceutical
industries.
Course content:
Unit I 10 Hours
Introduction, history of microbiology, its branches, scope and its importance.
Introduction to Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Study of ultra-structure and morphological classification of bacteria, nutritional
requirements, raw materials used for culture media and physical parameters for growth,
growth curve, isolation and preservation methods for pure cultures, cultivation of
anaerobes, quantitative measurement of bacterial growth (total & viable count).
Study of different types of phase contrast microscopy, dark field microscopy
and electron microscopy.
Unit II 10 Hours
Identification of bacteria using staining techniques (simple, Gram’s &Acid fast staining)
and biochemical tests (IMViC).
Study of principle, procedure, merits, demerits and applications of physical, chemical
gaseous, radiation and mechanical method of sterilization.
Evaluation of the efficiency of sterilization methods.
Equipments employed in large scale sterilization. Sterility indicators.
50
Unit III 10 Hours
Study of morphology, classification, reproduction/replication and cultivation of
Fungi and Viruses.
Classification and mode of action of disinfectants
Factors influencing disinfection, antiseptics and their evaluation.
For bacteriostatic and bactericidal actions.
Evaluation of bactericidal & Bacteriostatic.
Sterility testing of products (solids, liquids, ophthalmic and other sterile products)
according to IP, BP and USP.
Unit IV 08 Hours
Designing of aseptic area, laminar flow equipments; study of different sources of
contamination in an aseptic area and methods of prevention, clean area classification.
Principles and methods of different microbiological assay. Methods for
standardization of antibiotics, vitamins and amino acids.
Assessment of a new antibiotic.
Unit V 07Hours
Types of spoilage, factors affecting the microbial spoilage of pharmaceutical
products, sources and types of microbial contaminants, assessment of microbial
contamination and spoilage.
Preservation of pharmaceutical products using antimicrobial agents, evaluation of
microbial stability of formulations.
Growth of animal cells in culture, general procedure for cell culture, Primary,
established and transformed cell cultures.
Application of cell cultures in pharmaceutical industry and research.
51
BP 307P.
PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY (Practical)
4 Hrs/week
1. Introduction and study of different equipments and processing, e.g., B.O.D. incubator,
laminar flow, aseptic hood, autoclave, hot air sterilizer, deep freezer, refrigerator,
microscopes used in experimental microbiology.
2. Sterilization of glassware, preparation and sterilization of media.
3. Sub culturing of bacteria and fungus. Nutrient stabs and slants preparations.
4. Staining methods- Simple, Grams staining and acid fast staining (Demonstration with
practical).
5. Isolation of pure culture of micro-organisms by multiple streak plate technique and other
techniques.
6. Microbiological assay of antibiotics by cup plate method and other methods
7. Motility determination by Hanging drop method.
8. Sterility testing of pharmaceuticals.
9. Bacteriological analysis of water
10. Biochemical test.
Recommended Books (Latest edition)
1. W.B. Hugo and A.D. Russel: Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Blackwell Scientific
Publications, Oxford London.
2. Prescott and Dunn., Industrial Microbiology, 4
th
edition, CBS Publishers & Distributors,
Delhi.
3. Pelczar, Chan Kreig, Microbiology, Tata McGraw Hill edn.
4. Malcolm Harris, Balliere Tindall and Cox: Pharmaceutical Microbiology.
5. Rose: Industrial Microbiology.
6. Probisher, Hinsdill et al: Fundamentals of Microbiology, 9th ed. Japan
7. Cooper and Gunn’s: Tutorial Pharmacy, CBS Publisher and Distribution.
8. Peppler: Microbial Technology.
9. I.P., B.P., U.S.P.- latest editions.
10. Ananthnarayan : Text Book of Microbiology, Orient-Longman, Chennai
11. Edward: Fundamentals of Microbiology.
12. N.K.Jain: Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Vallabh Prakashan, Delhi
13. Bergeys manual of systematic bacteriology, Williams and Wilkins- A Waverly company.
14. Sykes G., Disinfection and Sterilization: Theory and Practice, General and Industrial
Chemistry Seris, Spon.
15. Hugo and Russell, Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Black Well Scientific Publication,
Oxford.
16. Stanier R.Y., Ingraham, J.L., Wheelis M.L., Painter P.R. General Microbiology,
Macmillan Press Limited.
52
BP 304 T.
PHARMACEUTICALENGINEERING (Theory)
45 Hours
Scope: This course is designed to impart a fundamental knowledge on the art and science
of various unit operations used in pharmaceutical industry.
Objectives: Upon completion of the course student shall be able:
1. To know various unit operations used in Pharmaceutical industries.
2. To understand the material handling techniques.
3. To perform various processes involved in pharmaceutical manufacturing process.
4. To carry out various test to prevent environmental pollution.
5. To appreciate and comprehend significance of plant lay out design for optimum
use of resources.
6. To appreciate the various preventive methods used for corrosion control in
Pharmaceutical industries.
Course content:
Unit I 10 Hours
 Flow of fluids: Types of manometers, Reynolds number and its significance,
Bernoulli’s theorem and its applications, Energy losses, Orifice meter,
Venturimeter, Pitot tube and Rotometer.
 Size Reduction: Objectives, Mechanisms & Laws governing size reduction,
factors affecting size reduction, principles, construction, working, uses, merits and
demerits of Hammer mill, ball mill, fluid energy mill, Edge runner mill & end
runner mill.
 Size Separation: Objectives, applications & mechanism of size separation,
official standards of powders, sieves, size separation Principles, construction,
working, uses, merits and demerits of Sieve shaker, cyclone separator, Air
separator, Bag filter & elutriation tank.
Unit II 10 Hours
 Heat Transfer: Objectives, applications & Heat transfer mechanisms. Fourier’s
law, Heat transfer by conduction, convection & radiation. Heat interchangers &
heat exchangers.
53
 Evaporation: Objectives, applications and factors influencing evaporation,
differences between evaporation and other heat process. principles, construction,
working, uses, merits and demerits of Steam jacketed kettle, horizontal tube
evaporator, climbing film evaporator, forced circulation evaporator, multiple
effect evaporator& Economy of multiple effect evaporator.
 Distillation: Basic Principles and methodology of simple distillation,flash
distillation, fractional distillation, distillation under reduced pressure, steam
distillation & molecular distillation
Unit III 08 Hours
 Drying: Objectives, applications & mechanism of drying process, measurements
& applications of Equilibrium Moisture content, rate of drying curve. principles,
construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Tray dryer, drum dryer spray
dryer, fluidized bed dryer, vacuum dryer, freeze dryer.
 Mixing: Objectives, applications & factors affecting mixing, Difference between
solid and liquid mixing, mechanism of solid mixing, liquids mixing and
semisolids mixing. Principles, Construction, Working, uses, Merits and Demerits
of Double cone blender, twin shell blender, ribbon blender, Sigma blade mixer,
planetarymixers, Propellers, Turbines, Paddles & Silverson Emulsifier,
Unit IV 08 Hours
 Filtration: Objectives, applications, Theories & Factors influencing filtration,
filter aids, filter medias. Principle, Construction, Working, Uses, Merits and
demerits of plate & frame filter, filter leaf, rotary drum filter, Meta filter &
Cartridge filter, membrane filters and Seidtz filter.
 Centrifugation: Objectives, principle & applications of Centrifugation,
principles, construction, working, uses, merits and demerits of Perforated basket
centrifuge, Non-perforated basket centrifuge, semi continuous centrifuge & super
centrifuge.
Unit V 07 Hours
 Materials of pharmaceutical plant construction, Corrosion and its
prevention: Factors affecting during materials selected for Pharmaceutical plant
construction, Theories of corrosion, types of corrosion and there prevention.
Ferrous and nonferrous metals, inorganic and organic non metals, basic of
material handling systems.
54
Recommended Books: (Latest Editions)
1. Introduction to chemical engineering – Walter L Badger & Julius Banchero,
Latest edition.
2. Solid phase extraction, principles, techniques and applications by Nigel J.K.
Simpson- Latest edition.
3. Unit operation of chemical engineering – Mcabe Smith, Latest edition.
4. Pharmaceutical engineering principles and practices – C.V.S Subrahmanyam et al.,
Latest edition.
5. Remington practice of pharmacy- Martin, Latest edition.
6. Theory and practice of industrial pharmacy by Lachmann., Latest edition.
7. Physical pharmaceutics- C.V.S Subrahmanyam et al., Latest edition.
8. Cooper and Gunn’s Tutorial pharmacy, S.J. Carter, Latest edition.
55
BP308P -
PHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING(Practical)
4 Hours/week
I. Determination of radiation constant of brass, iron, unpainted and painted glass.
II. Steam distillation – To calculate the efficiency of steam distillation.
III. To determine the overall heat transfer coefficient by heat exchanger.
IV. Construction of drying curves (for calcium carbonate and starch).
V. Determination of moisture content and loss on drying.
VI. Determination of humidity of air – i) From wet and dry bulb temperatures –use of
Dew point method.
VII. Description of Construction working and application of Pharmaceutical
Machinery such as rotary tablet machine, fluidized bed coater, fluid energy mill,
de humidifier.
VIII. Size analysis by sieving – To evaluate size distribution of tablet granulations –
Construction of various size frequency curves including arithmetic
andlogarithmic probability plots.
IX. Size reduction: To verify the laws of size reduction using ball mill and
determining Kicks, Rittinger’s, Bond’s coefficients, power requirement and critical
speed of Ball Mill.
X. Demonstration of colloid mill, planetary mixer, fluidized bed dryer, freeze dryer
and such othermajor equipment.
XI. Factors affecting Rate of Filtration and Evaporation (Surface area, Concentration
and Thickness/ viscosity
XII. To study the effect of time on the Rate of Crystallization.
XIII. To calculate the uniformity Index for given sample by using Double Cone
Blender.

B Pharma Pharmacy 4th Semester Syllabus

2019-08-19T20:00:00.000+05:30

B Pharma Pharmacy 4th Semester Syllabus

SEMESTER 4

CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD B.PHARMA 2nd YEAR SYLLABUS

BP401T.

PHARMACEUTICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY –III (Theory)

45 Hours
Scope: This subject imparts knowledge on stereo-chemical aspects of organic compounds
and organic reactions, important named reactions, chemistry of important hetero cyclic
compounds. It also emphasizes on medicinal and other uses of organic compounds.
Objectives: At the end of the course, the student shall be able to
1. Understand the methods of preparation and properties of organic compounds.
2. Explain the stereo chemical aspects of organic compounds and stereo chemical
reactions.
3. Know the medicinal uses and other applications of organic compounds.
Course Content:
Note: To emphasize on definition, types, mechanisms, examples, uses/applications

Unit I 10 Hours

Stereo isomerism
Optical isomerism– Optical activity, enantiomerism, diastereoisomerism, meso compounds.
Elements of symmetry, chiral and achiral molecules.
DL system of nomenclature of optical isomers, sequence rules, RS system of
nomenclature of optical isomers.
Reactions of chiral molecules.
Racemic modification and resolution of racemic mixture.
Asymmetric synthesis: partial and absolute.

Unit II 10 Hours

Geometrical isomerism- Nomenclature of geometrical isomers (Cis-Trans, E-Z, Syn-Anti
systems). Methods of determination of configuration of geometrical isomers.
Conformational isomerism in Ethane, n-Butane and Cyclohexane.
Stereo isomerism in biphenyl compounds (Atropisomerism) and conditions for optical
activity.
Stereospecific and stereoselective reactions

Unit III 10 Hours

Heterocyclic compounds:
Nomenclature and classification
Synthesis, reactions and medicinal uses of following compounds/derivatives
Pyrrole, Furan, and Thiophene
Relative aromaticity and reactivity of Pyrrole, Furan and Thiophene.
57

Unit IV 8 Hours

Synthesis, reactions and medicinal uses of following compounds/derivatives.
Pyrazole, Imidazole, Oxazole and Thiazole.
Pyridine, Quinoline, Isoquinoline, Acridine and Indole. Basicity of Pyridine.
Synthesis and medicinal uses of Pyrimidine, Purine, Azepines and their derivatives.

Unit V 07 Hours

Reactions of synthetic importance
Metal hydride reduction (NaBH4 and LiAlH4), Clemmensen reduction, Birch
reduction, Wolff Kishner reduction.
Oppenauer-oxidation and Dakin reaction.
Beckmanns rearrangement and Schmidt rearrangement.
Claisen-Schmidt condensation.

Recommended Books (Latest Editions)

1. Organic Chemistry- by Morrison R.T. and Boyd R.N., Bhattacharjee S.K., 7
th
Edition,
Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson Education).
2. Organic Chemistry- by Finar I.L., 6
th Edition, Vol.-I, Dorling Kindersley (India)
Pvt. Ltd (Pearson Education).
3. An Introduction to the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds- by Acheson R.M.,,
3
rd Edition, Wiley (India) Pvt. Ltd.
4. Heterocyclic Chemistry- by Gilchrist T.L., Pearson Education (Singapore) Ltd.
5. Heterocyclic Chemistry- by Bansal R.K., New Age International Publishers.
6. A Textbook of Organic Chemistry- by Jain M.K. and Sharma S.C., Shoban Lal
and Co. Educational Publishers.
7. Advanced General Organic Chemistry- A Modern Approach- by Ghosh S. K., Part-I
& II, 3
rd Edition, New Central Book Agency (P) Ltd.
8. Organic Chemistry- by Bruice P.Y., 3
rd Edition, Dorling Kindersley (India)
Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson Education).
9. The Chemistry of Organic Medicinal Products- by Jenkins G.L., Hartung W.H.,
Hamlin K.E. and Data J.B., 4
th
Edition, Pharma Med Press, Hyderabad.

BP402T.

MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY – I (Theory)

45 Hours
Scope: This subject is designed to impart fundamental knowledge on the structure,
chemistry and therapeutic value of drugs. The subject emphasizes on structure activity
relationships of drugs, importance of physicochemical properties and metabolism of
drugs. The syllabus also emphasizes on chemical synthesis of important drugs under each
class.
Objectives: Upon completion of the course the student shall be able to
1. Understand the chemistry of drugs with respect to their pharmacological activity
2. Understand the drug metabolic pathways, adverse effect and therapeutic value of
drugs
3. Know the Structural ActivityRelationship (SAR) of different class of drugs
4. Write the chemical synthesis of some drugs
Course Content:
Study of the development of the following classes of drugs, Classification, mechanism of
action, uses of drugs mentioned in the course, Structure activity relationship of selective
class of drugs as specified in the course and synthesis of drugs superscripted (*)

Unit I 10 Hours

Introduction to Medicinal Chemistry
History and development of medicinal chemistry
Physicochemical properties in relation to biological action
Ionization, Solubility, Partition Coefficient, Hydrogen bonding, Protein
binding, Chelation, Bioisosterism, Optical and Geometrical isomerism.
Drug metabolism
Drug metabolism principles- Phase I and Phase II.

Factors affecting drug metabolism including stereo chemical aspects.
Unit II 10 Hours

Drugs acting on Autonomic Nervous System
Adrenergic Neurotransmitters:
Biosynthesis and catabolism of catecholamine.
Adrenergic receptors (Alpha & Beta) and their distribution.
Sympathomimetic agents: SAR of sympathomimetic agents
Direct acting: Nor-epinephrine, Epinephrine, Phenylephrine*, Dopamine,
Methyldopa, Clonidine, Dobutamine, Isoproterenol, Terbutaline,
Salbutamol*, Bitolterol, Naphazoline, Oxymetazoline and Xylometazoline.
 Indirect acting agents: Hydroxyamphetamine, Pseudoephedrine,
Propylhexedrine.
 Agents with mixed mechanism: Ephedrine, Metaraminol.
Adrenergic Antagonists:
Alpha adrenergic blockers: Tolazoline*, Phentolamine, Phenoxybenzamine,
Prazosin, Dihydroergotamine, Methysergide.
Beta adrenergic blockers: SAR of beta blockers, Propranolol*, Metibranolol,
Atenolol, Betazolol, Bisoprolol, Esmolol, Metoprolol, Labetolol, Carvedilol.

Unit III 10 Hours

Cholinergic neurotransmitters:
Biosynthesis and catabolism of acetylcholine.
Cholinergic receptors (Muscarinic & Nicotinic) and their distribution.
Parasympathomimetic agents: SAR of Parasympathomimetic agents
Direct acting agents: Acetylcholine, Carbachol*, Bethanechol, Methacholine,
Pilocarpine.
Indirect acting/ Cholinesterase inhibitors (Reversible & Irreversible): Physostigmine,
Neostigmine*, Pyridostigmine, Edrophonium chloride, Tacrine hydrochloride,
Ambenonium chloride, Isofluorphate, Echothiophate iodide, Parathione, Malathion.
Cholinesterase reactivator: Pralidoxime chloride.
Cholinergic Blocking agents: SAR of cholinolytic agents
Solanaceous alkaloids and analogues: Atropine sulphate, Hyoscyamine sulphate,
Scopolamine hydrobromide, Homatropine hydrobromide, Ipratropium bromide*.
Synthetic cholinergic blocking agents: Tropicamide, Cyclopentolate hydrochloride,
Clidinium bromide, Dicyclomine hydrochloride*, Glycopyrrolate, Methantheline
bromide, Propantheline bromide, Benztropine mesylate, Orphenadrine citrate, Biperidine
hydrochloride, Procyclidine hydrochloride*, Tridihexethyl chloride, Isopropamide iodide,
Ethopropazine hydrochloride.

Unit IV 08 Hours

Drugs acting on Central Nervous System
A. Sedatives and Hypnotics:
Benzodiazepines: SAR of Benzodiazepines, Chlordiazepoxide, Diazepam*, Oxazepam,
Chlorazepate, Lorazepam, Alprazolam, Zolpidem
Barbiturtes: SAR of barbiturates, Barbital*, Phenobarbital, Mephobarbital, Amobarbital,
Butabarbital, Pentobarbital, Secobarbital.
60
Miscelleneous: Amides & imides: Glutethmide.
Alcohol & their carbamate derivatives: Meprobomate, Ethchlorvynol.
Aldehyde & their derivatives: Triclofos sodium, Paraldehyde.
B. Antipsychotics
Phenothiazeines: SAR of Phenothiazeines- Promazine hydrochloride, Chlorpromazine
hydrochloride*, Triflupromazine, Thioridazine hydrochloride, Piperacetazine hydrochloride,
Prochlorperazine maleate, Trifluoperazine hydrochloride.
Ring Analogues of Phenothiazeines: Chlorprothixene, Thiothixene,
Loxapine succinate, Clozapine.
Fluro buterophenones: Haloperidol, Droperidol, Risperidone.
Beta amino ketones: Molindone hydrochloride.
Benzamides: Sulpieride.
C. Anticonvulsants: SAR of Anticonvulsants, mechanism of anticonvulsant action.
Barbiturates: Phenobarbitone, Methabarbital.
Hydantoins: Phenytoin*, Mephenytoin, Ethotoin.
Oxazolidine diones: Trimethadione, Paramethadione.
Succinimides: Phensuximide, Methsuximide, Ethosuximide*
Urea and monoacylureas: Phenacemide, Carbamazepine*
Benzodiazepines: Clonazepam.
Miscellaneous: Primidone, Valproic acid , Gabapentin, Felbamate

Unit V 07 Hours

Drugs acting on Central Nervous System
General anesthetics:
Inhalation anesthetics: Halothane*, Methoxyflurane, Enflurane, Sevoflurane, Isoflurane,
Desflurane.
Ultra short acting barbitutrates: Methohexital sodium*, Thiamylal sodium,
Thiopental sodium.
Dissociative anesthetics: Ketamine hydrochloride.*
Narcotic and non-narcotic analgesics
Morphine and related drugs: SAR of Morphine analogues, Morphine sulphate, Codeine,
Meperidine hydrochloride, Anilerdine hydrochloride, Diphenoxylate hydrochloride,
Loperamide hydrochloride, Fentanyl citrate*, Methadone hydrochloride*, Propoxyphene
hydrochloride, Pentazocine, Levorphanol tartarate.
Narcotic antagonists: Nalorphine hydrochloride, Levallorphan tartarate, Naloxone
hydrochloride.
Anti-inflammatory agents: Sodium salicylate, Aspirin, Mefenamic acid*,
Meclofenamate, Indomethacin, Sulindac, Tolmetin, Zomepriac, Diclofenac, Ketorolac,
Ibuprofen*, Naproxen, Piroxicam, Phenacetin, Acetaminophen, Antipyrine,
Phenylbutazone.

BP406P.

MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY – I (Practical)

4 Hours/Week
I Preparation of drugs/ intermediates
1 1,3-pyrazole
2 1,3-oxazole
3 Benzimidazole
4 Benztriazole
5 2,3- diphenyl quinoxaline
6 Benzocaine
7 Phenytoin
8 Phenothiazine
9 Barbiturate
II Assay of drugs
1 Chlorpromazine
2 Phenobarbitone
3 Atropine
4 Ibuprofen
5 Aspirin
6 Furosemide
III Determination of Partition coefficient for any two drugs

Recommended Books (Latest Editions)

1. Wilson and Giswold’s Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry by Block
J.H. and Beale J.M., Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
2. Foye’s Principles of Medicinal Chemistry by Lemke T.L., Williams D.A., Roche
V.F. and Zito S.W., Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
3. Burger’s Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery by Abraham D.J., Vol I to
IV.John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York.
4. Synthesis of Essential Drugs by Vardanyan R.S. and Hruby V.J., Elsevier.
5. Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry by Singh H. and Kapoor V.K.,
Vallabh Prakashan, Delhi.
6. Medicinal Chemistry: A Biochemical Approach by Nogrady T., Oxford
University Press, NewYork.
7. The Organic Chemistry of Drug Design and Drug Action by Silverman R.B.,
Elsevier.
8. Essentials of Medicinal Chemistry by Korolkovas A., John Wiley and Sons Inc.,
New York.
9. Textbook of Drug Design and Discovery by Larsen P.K., Liljefors T. and
Madsen U., Taylor and Francis Inc.
10. Practical Organic Chemistry by Mann F.G. and Saunders B.C., Orient Longman
Limited.
62
11. Vogel’s Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry by Furniss B.S., Hannaford
A.J., Smith P.W.G. and Tatchell A. R., Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.
(Pearson Education Ltd.).
12. The Organic Chemistry of Drug Synthesis by Lednicer, Vol. 1-5.
13. Indian Pharmacopoeia.
14. The Chemistry of Organic Medicinal Products by Jenkins G.L., Hartung W.H.,
Hamlin K.E. and Data J.B., PharmaMed Press Hyderabad.

BP 403 T.

PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS-II(Theory)

45Hours
Scope: The course deals with the various physical and physicochemical properties, and
principles involved in dosage forms/formulations. Theory and practical components of
the subject help the student to get a better insight into various areas of formulation
research and development, and stability studies of pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Objectives: Upon the completion of the course student shall be able to
1. Understand various physicochemical properties of drug molecules in the
designing the dosage forms
2. Know the principles of chemical kinetics & to use them for stability testing nad
determination of expiry date of formulations
3. Demonstrate use of physicochemical properties in the formulation
development and evaluation of dosage forms.
Course Content:

Unit I 07 Hours

Colloidal dispersions: Classification of dispersed systems & their general
characteristics, size & shapes of colloidal particles, classification of colloids &
comparative account of their general properties. Optical, kinetic & electrical properties.
Effect of electrolytes, coacervation, peptization& protective action.

Unit II 10 Hours

Rheology: Newtonian systems, law of flow, kinematic viscosity, effect of temperature,
non-Newtonian systems, pseudoplastic, dilatant, plastic, thixotropy, thixotropy in
formulation, determination of viscosity, capillary, falling Sphere, rotational viscometers
Deformation of solids: Plastic and elastic deformation, Heckel equation, Stress, Strain,
Elastic Modulus

Unit III 10 Hours

Coarse dispersion: Suspension, interfacial properties of suspended particles, settling in
suspensions, formulation of flocculated and deflocculated suspensions. Emulsions and
theories of emulsification, microemulsion and multiple emulsions; Stability of emulsions,
preservation of emulsions, rheological properties of emulsions and emulsion
formulation by HLB method.

Unit IV 10Hours

Micromeretics: Particle size and distribution, mean particle size, number and weight
distribution, particle number, methods for determining particle size by different
methods, counting and separation method, particle shape, specific surface, methods for
determining surface area, permeability, adsorption, derived properties of powders,
porosity, packing arrangement, densities, bulkiness & flow properties.

Unit V 10 Hours

Drug stability: Reaction kinetics: zero, pseudo-zero, first & second order, units of basic
rate constants, determination of reaction order. Physical and chemical factors influencing
the chemical degradation of pharmaceutical product: temperature, solvent, ionic strength,
dielectric constant, specific & general acid base catalysis, Simple numerical problems.
Stabilization of medicinal agents against common reactions like hydrolysis & oxidation.
Accelerated stability testing in expiration dating of pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Photolytic degradation and its prevention

BP 407P.

PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS-II (Practical)

3 Hrs/week
1. Determination of particle size, particle size distribution using sieving method
2. Determination of particle size, particle size distribution using Microscopic method
3. Determination of bulk density, true density and porosity
4. Determine the angle of repose and influence of lubricant on angle of repose
5. Determination of viscosity of liquid using Ostwald’s viscometer
6. Determination sedimentation volume with effect of different suspending agent
7. Determination sedimentation volume with effect of different concentration of
single suspending agent
8. Determination of viscosity of semisolid by using Brookfield viscometer
9. Determination of reaction rate constant first order.
10. Determination of reaction rate constant second order
11. Accelerated stability studies

Recommended Books: (Latest Editions)

1. Physical Pharmacy by Alfred Martin, Sixth edition.
2. Experimental pharmaceutics byEugene, Parott.
3. Tutorial pharmacy by Cooper and Gunn.
4. Stocklosam J. Pharmaceutical calculations, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.
5. Liberman H.A, Lachman C., Pharmaceutical Dosage forms, Tablets, Volume-1 to
3, Marcel Dekkar Inc.
6. Liberman H.A, Lachman C, Pharmaceutical dosage forms. Disperse systems, volume
1,2, 3. Marcel Dekkar Inc.
7. Physical Pharmaceutics by RamasamyC, and Manavalan R.

BP 404 T.

PHARMACOLOGY-I(Theory)

45 Hrs
Scope: The main purpose of the subject is to understand what drugs do to the living
organisms and how their effects can be applied to therapeutics. The subject covers the
information about the drugs like, mechanism of action, physiological and biochemical
effects (pharmacodynamics) as well as absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion
(pharmacokinetics) along with the adverse effects, clinical uses, interactions, doses,
contraindications and routes of administration of different classes of drugs.
Objectives: Upon completion of this course the student should be able to
1. Understand the pharmacological actions of different categories of drugs
2. Explain the mechanism of drug action at organ system/sub cellular/
macromolecular levels.
3. Apply the basic pharmacological knowledge in the prevention and treatment of
various diseases.
4. Observe the effect of drugs on animals by simulated experiments
5. Appreciate correlation of pharmacology with other bio medical sciences
Course Content:

Unit I 08 hours

1. General Pharmacology
a. Introduction to Pharmacology- Definition, historical landmarks and scope of
pharmacology, nature and source of drugs, essential drugs concept and routes of
drug administration, Agonists, antagonists( competitive and non competitive), spare
receptors, addiction, tolerance, dependence, tachyphylaxis, idiosyncrasy, allergy.
b. Pharmacokinetics- Membrane transport, absorption, distribution, metabolism and
excretion of drugs .Enzyme induction, enzyme inhibition, kinetics of elimination

Unit II 12 Hours

General Pharmacology
a. Pharmacodynamics- Principles and mechanisms of drug action. Receptor theories
and classification of receptors, regulation of receptors. drug receptors interactions
signal transduction mechanisms, G-protein–coupled receptors, ion channel receptor,
transmembrane enzyme linked receptors, transmembrane JAK-STAT binding
receptor and receptors that regulate transcription factors, dose response
relationship, therapeutic index, combined effects of drugs and factors modifying
drug action.
b. Adverse drug reactions.
c. Drug interactions (pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic)
d. Drug discovery and clinical evaluation of new drugs -Drug discovery phase,
preclinical evaluation phase, clinical trial phase, phases of clinical trials and
pharmacovigilance.

Unit III 10 Hours

2. Pharmacology of drugs acting on peripheral nervous system
a. Organization and function of ANS.
b.Neurohumoral transmission,co-transmission and classification of neurotransmitters.
c. Parasympathomimetics, Parasympatholytics, Sympathomimetics, sympatholytics.
d. Neuromuscular blocking agents and skeletal muscle relaxants (peripheral).
e. Local anesthetic agents.
f. Drugs used in myasthenia gravis and glaucoma

Unit IV 08 Hours

3. Pharmacology of drugs acting on central nervous system
a. Neurohumoral transmission in the C.N.S. special emphasis on importance of
various neurotransmitters like with GABA, Glutamate, Glycine, serotonin,
dopamine.
b. General anesthetics and pre-anesthetics.
c. Sedatives, hypnotics and centrally acting muscle relaxants.
d. Anti-epileptics.
e. Alcohols and disulfiram.

Unit V 07 Hours

3. Pharmacology of drugs acting on central nervous system
a. Psychopharmacological agents: Antipsychotics, antidepressants, anti-anxiety agents,
antimanics and hallucinogens.
b. Drugs used in Parkinsons disease and Alzheimer’s disease.
c. CNS stimulants and nootropics.
d. Opioid analgesics and antagonists
e. Drug addiction, drug abuse, tolerance and dependence.
68

BP 408 P

. PHARMACOLOGY-I(Practical)

4Hrs/Week
1. Introduction to experimental pharmacology.
2. Commonly used instruments in experimental pharmacology.
3. Study of common laboratory animals.
4. Maintenance of laboratory animals as per CPCSEA guidelines.
5. Common laboratory techniques. Blood withdrawal, serum and plasma separation,
anesthetics and euthanasia used for animal studies.
6. Study of different routes of drugs administration in mice/rats.
7. Study of effect of hepatic microsomal enzyme inducers on the phenobarbitone sleeping
time in mice.
8. Effect of drugs on ciliary motility of frog oesophagus
9. Effect of drugs on rabbit eye.
10. Effects of skeletal muscle relaxants using rota-rod apparatus.
11. Effect of drugs on locomotor activity using actophotometer.
12. Anticonvulsant effect of drugs by MES and PTZ method.
13. Study of stereotype and anti-catatonic activity of drugs on rats/mice.
14. Study of anxiolytic activity of drugs using rats/mice.
15. Study of local anesthetics by different methods
Note: All laboratory techniques and animal experiments are demonstrated by simulated
experiments by softwares and videos

Recommended Books (Latest Editions)

1. Rang H. P., Dale M. M., Ritter J. M., Flower R. J., Rang and Dale’s Pharmacology,
Churchil Livingstone Elsevier
2. Katzung B. G., Masters S. B., Trevor A. J., Basic and clinical pharmacology, Tata Mc
Graw-Hill.
3. Goodman and Gilman’s, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics.
4. Marry Anne K. K., Lloyd Yee Y., Brian K. A., Robbin L.C., Joseph G. B., Wayne A.
K., BradleyR.W., Applied Therapeutics, The Clinical use of Drugs, The Point Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins.
5. Mycek M.J, Gelnet S.B and Perper M.M. Lippincott’s Illustrated ReviewsPharmacology.
6. K.D.Tripathi. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, JAYPEE Brothers Medical
Publishers (P) Ltd, New Delhi.
7. Sharma H. L., Sharma K. K., Principles of Pharmacology, Paras medical publisher
8. Modern Pharmacologywith clinical Applications, byCharles R.Craig& Robert.
9. Ghosh MN. Fundamentals of Experimental Pharmacology. Hilton & Company,
Kolkata.
10. Kulkarni SK. Handbook of experimental pharmacology. VallabhPrakashan.

BP 405 T.

PHARMACOGNOSY AND PHYTOCHEMISTRY I (Theory)

45 Hours
Scope: The subject involves the fundamentals of Pharmacognosy like scope, classification of
crude drugs, their identification and evaluation, phytochemicals present in them and their
medicinal properties.
Objectives: Upon completion of the course, the student shall be able
1. To know the techniques in the cultivation and production of crude drugs.
2. To know the crude drugs, their uses and chemical nature.
3. Know the evaluation techniques for the herbal drugs.
4. To carry out the microscopic and morphological evaluation of crude drugs.
Course Content:

Unit I 10 Hours

Introduction to Pharmacognosy:
(a) Definition, history, scope and development of Pharmacognosy
(b) Sources of Drugs – Plants, Animals, Marine & Tissue culture
(c) Organized drugs, unorganized drugs (dried latex, dried juices, dried extracts, gums
and mucilages, oleoresins and oleo- gum -resins).
Classification of drugs:
Alphabetical, morphological, taxonomical, chemical, pharmacological, chemo and
sero taxonomical classification of drugs
Quality control of Drugs of Natural Origin:
Adulteration of drugs of natural origin. Evaluation by organoleptic, microscopic,
physical,
chemical and biological methods and properties.
Quantitative microscopy of crude drugs including lycopodium spore method,
leafconstants, camera lucida and diagrams of microscopic objects to scale with camera
lucida.

Unit II 10 Hours

Cultivation, Collection, Processing and storage of drugs of natural origin: Cultivation
and Collection of drugs of natural origin
Factors influencing cultivation of medicinal
plants. Plant hormones and their applications.
Polyploidy, mutation and hybridization with reference to medicinal plants.
Conservation of medicinal plants.

Unit III 07 Hours

Plant tissue culture:
Historical development of plant tissue culture, types of cultures, Nutritional
requirements, growth and their maintenance.
Applications of plant tissue culture in pharmacognosy.
Edible vaccines.
70

Unit IV 10 Hours

Pharmacognosy in various systems of medicine:
Role of Pharmacognosy in allopathy and traditional systems of medicine namely, Ayurveda,
Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy and Chinese systems of medicine.
Introduction to secondary metabolites:
Definition, classification, properties and test for identification of Alkaloids, Glycosides,
Flavonoids, Tannins, Volatile oil and Resins.

Unit V 08 Hours

Study of biological source, chemical nature and uses of drugs of natural origin containing
following drugs.
Plant Products:
Fibers - Cotton, Jute, Hemp.
Hallucinogens, Teratogens, Natural allergens.
Primary metabolites:
General introduction, detailed study with respect to chemistry, sources, preparation,
evaluation, preservation, storage, therapeutic used and commercial utility as Pharmaceutical
Aids and/or Medicines for the following Primary metabolites:
Carbohydrates: Acacia, Agar, Tragacanth, Honey.
Proteins and Enzymes: Gelatin, casein, proteolytic enzymes (Papain, bromelain,
serratiopeptidase, urokinase, streptokinase, pepsin).
Lipids(Waxes, fats, fixed oils): Castor oil, Chaulmoogra oil, Wool Fat, Bees Wax.
Marine Drugs: Novel medicinal agents from marine sources

BP408 P.

PHARMACOGNOSY AND PHYTOCHEMISTRY I (Practical)

4 Hours/Week
1. Analysis of crude drugs by chemical tests:
(i)Tragaccanth
(ii) Acacia
(iii) Agar
(iv) Gelatin
(v) starch
(vi) Honey
(vii) Castor oil.
2. Determination of stomatal number and index.
3. Determination of vein islet number, vein islet termination and paliside ratio.
4. Determination of size of starch grains, calcium oxalate crystals by eye
piece micrometer.
5. Determination of Fiber length and width.
6. Determination of number of starch grains by Lycopodium spore method.
7. Determination of Ash value.
8. Determination of Extractive values of crude drugs.
9. Determination of moisture content of crude drugs.
10. Determination of swelling index and foaming.

Recommended Books: (LatestEditions)

1. W. C. Evans, Trease and Evans Pharmacognosy, 16th edition, W.B. Sounders &
Co.,
London, 2009.
2. Tyler, V.E., Brady, L.R. and Robbers, J.E., Pharmacognosy, 9th Edn., Lea and
Febiger, Philadelphia, 1988.
3. Text Book of Pharmacognosy by T.E. Wallis
4. Mohammad Ali. Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, CBS
Publishers & Distribution, New Delhi.
5. Text book of Pharmacognosy by C.K. Kokate, Purohit, Gokhlae (2007), 37th
Edition, Nirali Prakashan, New Delhi.
6. Herbal drug industry by R.D. Choudhary (1996), Ist Edn, Eastern Publisher, New
Delhi.
7. Essentials of Pharmacognosy, Dr.SH.Ansari, IInd edition, Birla publications, New
Delhi, 2007.
8. Practical Pharmacognosy: C.K. Kokate, Purohit, Gokhlae.
9. Anatomy of Crude Drugs by M.A. Iyengar.

B Pharma Pharmacy 5th Semester Syllabus

2019-08-18T00:00:00.000+05:30

B Pharma Pharmacy 5th Semester Syllabus

Syllabus

FIFTH SEMESTER

TO DOWNLOAD B.PHARMA 3rd YEAR SYLLABUS CLICK HERE

RPH-521

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-VI
(MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY-I)

Unit I

Basic principles of medicinal chemistry: Physicochemical parameters in relation to biological

activity, Stereochemical (Geometrical, Optical and Conformational) aspects of drug design,

Bioisosterism. Drug-receptor interaction (forces), Concept of pro-drugs (Bio-precursor and Carrier

linked).

Classification, mode of action, uses, recent advances and structure activity relationship of

the following classes of drugs (Synthetic procedures of individually mentioned drugs only).

Unit II

Drugs acting at autonomic nervous system Cholinergic drugs: Methacholine, Pilocarpine.

Anticholinergic drugs: Atropine. Anticholinesterases: Neostigmine, Physostigmine.

Adrenergic drugs: Ephedrine, Adrenaline, Salbutamol.

Unit III

Drugs acting at central nervous system General anaesthetics: Methohexital, Ketamine. Local

anaesthetics: Benzocaine, Lignocaine.

Skeletal muscle relaxants: Succinylcholine, Pancuronium.

Opioid analgesics: Pethidine, Pentazocine.

Antitussives: Cramiphen, Dextromethorphen.

Unit IV

Anxiolytics: Diazepam.

Sedatives and hypnotics: Phenobarbitone, Alprazolam.

Anticonvulsants: Phenytoin, Ethosuximide, Valproic Acid, Vigabatrin.

Drugs for neurodegenerative disorders: Alzheimer’s disease (Tacrine), Parkinson’s disease

(Levodopa).

Unit V

Antidepressants: Imipramine, Amitriptyline, Fluoxetine.

Antipsychotic: Chlorpromazine, Haloperidol.

CNS Stimulants and psychedelics: Amphetamine, Caffeine.

Antispasmodics: Dicyclomine.

RPH-521P

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-VI
(MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY-I) PRACTICAL

Suggested Practicals

Synthesis of selected drugs from the course content involving two or more steps and

characterize/evaluate their Pharmacopoeial standards (if available).

1. Synthesis of Phenytoin.

2. To evaluate the Pharmacopoeial standards of Phenytoin.

3. Synthesis of Benzocaine.

4. To evaluate Pharmacopoeial standards of Benzocaine.

5. Synthesis of Benzamide.

6. To evaluate the synthesized Benzamide.

7. Synthesis of Caffeine.

8. To evaluate the synthesized Caffeine.

9. Synthesis of Phenobarbitone.

10. To evaluate the Pharmacopoeial standards of Phenobarbitone.

11. Synthesis of Thiobarbituric acid derivatives.

12. To evaluate the synthesized Thiobarbituric acid derivatives.

13. Synthesis of Piperazin-2, 5-dione derivatives.

14. To evaluate the synthesized Piperazin-2,5-dione derivatives.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

1. Abraham D.J., Burger’s Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery, John Wiley and Sons Inc.,

New York.

2. Block J.H. and Beale J.M., Wilson and Gisvold’s Textbook of Organic Medicinal and

Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

3. Lemke T.L., Williams D.A., Roche V.F. and Zito S.W., Foye's Principles of Medicinal

Chemistry, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

4. Vardanyan R.S. and Hruby V.J., Synthesis of Essential Drugs, Elsevier.

5. Singh H. and Kapoor V.K., Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vallabh Prakashan,

Delhi.

6. Nogrady T., Medicinal Chemistry: A Biochemical Approach, Oxford University Press,

NewYork.

7. Silverman R.B., The Organic Chemistry of Drug Design and Drug Action, Elsevier.

8. Korolkovas A., Essentials of Medicinal Chemistry, John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York.

9. Larsen P.K., Liljefors T. and Madsen U. Textbook of Drug Design and Discovery, Taylor

and Francis Inc.

10. Mann F.G. and Saunders B.C., Practical Organic Chemistry, Orient Longman Limited.

11. Furniss B.S., Hannaford A.J., Smith P.W.G. and Tatchell A. R., Vogel’s Textbook of

Practical Organic Chemistry, Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson Education Ltd.).

RPH-522

PHARMACEUTICS-VI (PHARMACEUTICALTECHNOLOGY-I)

Unit I

Preformulation studies: Significance of physical form, particle size, shape, density, wetting,

dielectric constant, solubility, dissolution and stability on formulation development. Brief

introduction to ICH guidelines for stability.

Unit II

Biphasic liquid dosage forms (suspensions and emulsions): Vehicles, additives, stabilizers,

preservatives, suspending agents, emulsifying agents, colors and flavors; manufacturing,

packaging and evaluation. Brief introduction to multiple emulsion, microemulsion, nanoemulsion

and nanosuspension.

Unit III

Semisolid dosage forms: Classification, skin permeation enhancement methods, semisolid bases

and their selection, general formulation of semisolids and clear gel manufacturing procedures,

packaging and evaluation. Introduction to in situ gels and hydrogels.

Suppositories: Bases, manufacturing procedures, packaging and evaluation. Introduction to liquid

suppositories.

Unit IV

Ophthalmic, nasal, otic and parenteral products: Significance and formulation details,

equipment for large scale manufacturing, in-vitro methods of evaluation, containers and closures,

prefilling treatments. Ophthalmic, nasal, otic and parenteral preparations (Sterile water for

injection, water for injection, suspension and sterile powder).

Unit V

Pharmaceutical aerosols: Definition, propellants, general formulation, manufacturing,

packaging, evaluation and pharmaceutical applications.

Veterinary dosage forms: Animal dosage forms like solid, liquid oral, parenteral, pastes, pellets

and implants; regulatory requirements for approval of animal drugs.

RPH-522P

PHARMACEUTICS-VI
(PHARMACEUTICALTECHNOLOGY-I) PRACTICAL

Formulation and evaluation of the following dosage forms containing drugs mentioned in IP.

a. Suspensions.

b. Emulsions.

c. Ear drops.

d. Eye drops.

e. Nasal drops.

f. Topical gels.

g. Ointments.

h. Pastes.

i. Suppositories.

2. Formulation and evaluation of disodium EDTA injection IP (vials).

3. Formulation and evaluation of water for infection IP (ampoules).

4. To perform tip or bead and pull sealing of ampoules.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

1. Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol. I & Vol. II, Mack Publishing Co., U.S.A.

2. Cooper J.W. and Gunn G., Tutorial Pharmacy, Petman Books Ltd., London.

3. Lachman L., Lieberman H.A, Kanig J.L., Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, Lea &

Febiger, Philadelphia, U.S.A.

4. Khar R. K., Vyas S.P., Ahmad F., Jain G. K., The Theory and Practice of Industrial

Pharmacy, 4

Edition, CBS Publishers and Distributors.

5. Ansel, H.C., Introduction to Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms, Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia,

U.S.A.

6. Juliano, R.L., Drug Delivery Systems, Oxford University Press, Oxford.

7. Brittain, H. G., Polymorphism in Pharmaceuticals Solids.

8. Turco S. J., Sterile Dosage Form-Their Preparation and Clinical Application, LWW.

9. Hardee G.E., Baggot J.D., Development and Formulation of Veterinary Dosage Forms, 2

Edition, CRC Press.

RPH-523/RPH-623

PHARMACEUTICS-VII (PHARMACEUTICAL & FOOD MICROBIOLOGY)

Unit I

A. Introduction to scope of food and pharmaceutical microbiology. B. Optical microscopy and

electron microscopy.

C. Identification of microbes: Structure of bacterial cell, stains and types of staining techniques.

D. Classification of bacteria based on temperature, pH and oxygen requirements.

Unit II

A. Nutrition, cultivation and isolation of bacteria and viruses.

B. Factory and hospital hygiene- control of microbial contamination during manufacture, concept

and design of clean and aseptic areas, nosocomial infections and their control.

Unit III

Control of microbes

A. Disinfection, factors influencing disinfectants, dynamics of disinfection, disinfectants and

antiseptics and their evaluation.

B. Methods of sterilization, validation of sterilization methods and equipments.

Unit IV

Food Microbiology

A. Microbial flora of fresh food: egg, meat, fruits and vegetables.

B. Microbial spoilage of foods.

C. Elementary techniques of industrial food preservation-radiation, low and high temperatures.

D. Probiotics in food: Benefits of probiotic foods, brief introduction to probiotic milk, yogurt and

ice-cream.

Unit V

A. Sterility testing as per I.P.

B. Preservative efficacy.

C. Microbial assays of antibiotics: Oxytetracycline and Erythromycin.

D. Microbial assays of Vitamin B12.

RPH-523P/RPH-623P

PHARMACEUTICS-VII (PHARMACEUTICAL & FOOD MICROBIOLOGY)PRACTICAL

Suggested Practicals

Study of sterilization methods and equipments

• Dry heat

• Moist heat.

2. Preparation of various types of culture media.

3. Isolation of bacteria.

4. Sub-culturing of common bacteria, fungi and yeast.

5. Identification and staining of bacteria

• Simple staining

• Gram staining

• Acid fast staining

• Hanging drop preparation.

6. Microbial examination of foods.

7. Evaluation of disinfectants and antiseptics.

8. Phenol coefficient test, minimum inhibitory concentration.

9. Test for sterility of pharmaceutical products as per IP.

10. Microbial assay of antibiotics as per IP.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

1. Aneja K.R., Experiments in Microbiology, Plant Pathology, Tissue Culture & Mushroom

Cultivation, Vishwa Prakashan.

2. Gunasekaran P., Lab Mannual of Microbiology, New Age Publishers.

3. Davis, Dulbetco, Eisen Microbiology.

4. Stanier R.Y., Ingraham, J.L., Wheelis M.L., Painter P.R. General Microbiology, Macmillan

Press Limited.

5. Hugo and Russell, Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Black Well Scientific Publication, Oxford.

6. Prescott L.M., Harley J.P. and Klien D.A., Microbiology, McGraw Hill.

7. Sykes G., Disinfection and Sterilization: Theory and Practice, General and Industrial

Chemistry Seris, Spon.

8. Pelczar and Reid, Microbiology, Tata McGraw Hill, Delhi.

9. Bean H. S., Beckett A. H. and Carless J. E., Advances in Pharmaceutical Sciences. Vol. 1.

Academic Press Inc. Elsevier.

10. Virella G. Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, William & Wilkins.

11. Ananthanarayan R., Paniker C.K.J., Textbook of Microbiology, Orient Longman.

12. Fundamental Food Microbiology, Bibek Ray, Arun Bhunia, CRC Press.

RPH-524

PHARMACOLOGY-I (PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY)

Unit I

A. General Pharmacology: Introduction to pharmacology, routes of drug administration,

combined effect of drugs, factors modifying drug action. Discovery and development of new

drugs. Bioassay of drugs.

B. Basic Concepts of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics: Absorption, distribution,

metabolism and excretion. Principles of drug action, mechanisms of drug action, receptors.

Unit II

Pharmacology of ANS: Drug acting on autonomic nervous system:

A. Cholinergic system: Parasympathomimetic (cholinergic) drugs, parasympatholytic (anticholinergic) drugs, drug acting on autonomic ganglia (stimulants and blocking agents).

B. Adrenergic system: Sympathomimetic (adrenergic) drugs, sympatholytic (anti-adrenergic)

drugs.

Unit III

Drugs acting on PNS: Local anesthetics, skeletal muscle relaxants (peripherally and centrally

acting muscle relaxants).

Unit IV

Pharmacology of CNS: General anaesthetics, alcohols and disulfiram, sedative and hypnotics.

antiepileptic drugs, drugs for neurodegenerative diseases, opioid analgesics and their antagonists.

Psychopharmacological Agents: Anti anxiety agents, antipsychotics, antidepressants.

Unit V

Principles of Toxicology: Definition of poison, general principles for treatment of poisoning with

particular reference to barbiturates, opioids, organophosphorous and atropine poisoning. Heavy

metal antagonists.

RPH-524P

PHARMACOLOGY-I
(PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY) PRACTICAL

Suggested Practicals

1. Use of computer simulated (CDs or video cassettes) for pharmacology practical where

possible.

2. Preparation of different solutions for experiments. Drug dilutions, use of molar and w/v

solutions in experimental pharmacology. Common laboratory animals and anesthetics used in

animal studies. Commonly used instruments in experimental pharmacology. Some common

and standard techniques.

3. Study of different routes of administration of drugs in mice/rats.

4. To study the effect of hepatic microsomal enzyme inhibitors and induction on the

pentobarbitone sleeping time in mice, using software alternative to use of animals.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

1. Katzung B.G., Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, Prentice Hall, International

2. Barar F.S.K., Text Book of Pharmacology, Interprint, New Delhi.

3. Rang M.P., Dale, M.M., Riter J.M., Pharmacology, Churchill Livingstone.

4. Tripathi K.D., Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, Jay Pee Publishers, New Delhi.

5. Satoskar and Bhandarkar, Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics, Popular Prakashan Pvt.

Ltd., Bombay.

6. Kulkarni S.K., Hand Book of Experimental Pharmacology, Vallabh Prakashan, Delhi.

7. Bothra S.B.; Essentials of Experimental Pharmacology, Vol. 1, General Concepts, PharmaMed

Press.

8. Ghosh, M.N.; Fundamentals of Experimental Pharmacology, Scientific Book Agency,

Calcutta.

9. Grover J.K., Experiments in Pharmacy and Pharmacology, CBS Publishers, New Delhi.

10. Goodman & Gilman’s, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Ed; Brunton L., Lazo

J., Parker K., McGraw Hill Professional.

11. Laurence, D.R. and Bannet P.N., Clinical Pharmacology, Churchill Livingstone.

12. Craig C.R. and Stitzel, R.R., Modern Pharmacology, 4

Edition, Little Brown and Co.

13. Sheffield Bioscience Programs, U.K., ISBN, 1-874758-02-6.

RPH-525/RPH625

ENVIRONMENT & ECOLOGY

Unit I

Environment studies: Definition, scope and importance. Natural resources-renewable and non

renewable, utilization, exploitation and associated problems of forests. Water resources, mineral

resources, food resources, energy resources, land resources, equitable use of resources for

sustainable life style, role of an individual in conservation.

Unit II

Components of ecosystem. Green house gases and green house effect. Biodiversity and its

conservation with special reference to India.

Unit III

Environmental pollution: Introduction, causes and control measures of air, water, soil, marine,

noise, thermal, nuclear pollutions.

Unit IV

Law related to environmental protection: Air (Prevention and Control of pollution) Act-1987,

Water prevention and Control of Pollution Act-1974.

Unit V

Environmental Protection Act -1986, Noise Pollution Act, Hazardous Wastes Act, Hazardous

Chemicals Act, Hazardous Microorganisms Act, Biomedical Waste Act, Provisions applicable to

Drugs and Cosmetic Act.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

1. Manoharachary C., Reddy P.J., Principles of Environmental Studies, BS Publications,

Hyderabad.

2. Trivedy R.K., Handbook of Environmental Laws, Acts, Guidelines, Compliances and

Standards, Vol. I and II, Pharma Book Syndicate, Hyderabad.

3. Relevant Acts and Rules Published by Government of India with latest amendments.

4. Reddy M.A., Text book of Environmental Science and Technology, BS Publications,

Hyderabad.

5. Sinha S., Shukla M., Siddiqui A., Agrawal N. A., Text book of Environment and Ecology for

Pharmacy Students, AITBS Publishers, Delhi, India.

RPH-526P

HOSPITAL TRAINING-I

Training of students at a hospital establishment for a minimum duration of 45 days. The hospital

training shall include: First aid (wound dressing, artificial respiration etc.), different routes of

injection, study of patient observation charts, prescriptions and dispensing, simple diagnostic

reports etc.

May be performed at the end of the 4th

semester

B Pharma Pharmacy 6th Semester Syllabus

2019-08-17T13:36:00.000+05:30

B Pharma Pharmacy 6th Semester Syllabus

Syllabus

SIXTH SEMESTER

TO DOWNLOAD B.PHARMA 3rd YEAR SYLLABUS CLICK HERE

BOP-361

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-VI(MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY-II)
Classification, mode of action, uses, recent advances and structure activity relationship of
the following classes of drug (Synthetic procedures of individually mentioned drugs only).
Unit I
Drug design: Basic concepts of drug design, introduction to analogue based drug design,
structure based drug design, introduction to basic concepts of QSAR, molecular descriptors (2Dand 3D parameters), quantitative models, introduction to 2D and 3D QSAR methodologies.

Unit II
Cardiovascular agents
Antiarrhythmic drugs: Atenolol, Procainamide.
Antianginal drugs: Isosorbide dinitrate.
Antihypertensive drugs: Captopril, Amlodipine.
Antihyperlipedmics: Lovastatin, Clofibrate.
Unit III
Hypoglycaemics: Insulin, Metformin, Tolbutamide, Glibenclamide, Alogliptin. Diuretics: Acetazolamide, Chlorthiazide, Furosemide, Spironolactone.
Thyroid and antithyroids: Carbimazole, Propylthiouracil, Methimazole.
Unit IV
Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) and analgesics: Aspirin, Paracetamol,
Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, Mefenamic Acid.
Coxibs: Celecoxib.
Anticoagulants: Heparin, Warfarin.
Unit V
Antihistaminics: Diphenhydramine, Chlorpheniramine, Ranitidine. Proton pump inhibitors: Rabeprazole. Cosmeceuticals: Isotretinoin, Minoxidil, Tazarotene.
BOP-361P
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-VI
(MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY-II) PRACTICAL
Synthesis of selected drugs from the course content involving two or more steps and characterize
/establish their Pharmacopoeial standards (if available). Spectral analysis of the synthesized drugs.
1. Synthesis of Paracetamol.
2. To evaluate the Pharmacopoeial standards of Paracetamol.
3. Synthesis of Anthranilic Acid.
4. To characterize the synthesized Anthranilic Acid.
5. Synthesis of antipyrine (2,3-Dimethyl-1-phenyl-pyrazol-5-one).
6. To characterize antipyrine (2,3-Dimethyl-1-phenyl-pyrazol-5-one).
7. Few experiments based on Green Chemistry Approach. 8. To study the Cartesian and internal coordinates for small molecules [MOLDEN (freeware
program)]. 9. To study the architecture of Protein Data Bank (PDB) file.
10. To study the Hansch and Free Wilson analysis (any free statistical program). 11. To study the protein-ligand interaction [AUTODOCK (freeware)]. 12. To develop and validate a 3D-QSAR model [Open3D-QSAR (freeware program) or any
other licensed program].
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Lemke T.L., Williams D.A., Roche V.F. and Zito S.W., Foyes Principles of Medicinal
Chemistry, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
2. Block J.H. and Beale J.M., Wilson and Gisvold’s Textbook of Organic Medicinal and
Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
3. Patrick G.L., An Introduction to Medicinal Chemistry, Oxford University Press.
4. Vardanyan R.S. and Hruby V.J., Synthesis of Essential Drugs, Elsevier.
5. Singh H. and Kapoor V.K., Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vallabh Prakashan,
Delhi.
6. Abraham D.J., Burger’s Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery, John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York.
7. Jie-Jack Li, Douglas, S. Johnson, Dhago R. Sliskovic, Bruce, D. Roth. Contemporary Drug
Synthesis, John Wiley & Sons Inc.
8. Korolkovas A., Essentials of Medicinal Chemistry, John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York.
9. Pharmacopoeia of India, Ministry of Health, Govt. of India.
10. Lednicer D., The Strategies for Organic Chemistry of Drug Synthesis, John Wiley and Sons
Inc., New York.
11. Burger A., A Guide to the Chemical Basis of Drug Design, A Wiley Interscience Publication
(John Wiley & Sons), New York.
12. Nogrady T., Medicinal Chemistry: A Biochemical Approach, Oxford University Press,
NewYork.
13. Silverman R.B., The Organic Chemistry of Drug Design and Drug Action, Elsevier.
14. Larsen P.K., Liljefors T. and Madsen U. Textbook of Drug Design and Discovery, Taylor
and Francis Inc.
15. Perun T.J. and Propst C.L., Computer-aided Drug Design Methods and Applications, Saurabh
Prakashan Pvt.Ltd., New Delhi.
16. Martin Y.C., Quantitative Drug Design: A Critical Introduction, 2nd Edition, CRC Press,
London.
17. Purcell W.P., Bass G.E., Clayton J.M., Strategy of Drug Design: A Guide to Biological
Activity, PharmaMed Press. 18. Mann F.G. and Saunders B.C., Practical Organic Chemistry, Orient Longman Limited.
19. Furniss B.S., Hannaford A.J., Smith P.W.G. and Tatchell A. R., Vogel’s Textbook of
Practical Organic Chemistry, Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson Education Ltd.).
BOP-362
PHARMACEUTICS-VIII(PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY-II)
Unit I
Pharmaceutical polymers: Classification of polymers, synonyms, storage and pharmaceutical
applications of Carbomers, Microcrystalline cellulose, Chitosan, Cyclodextrin, Hydroxypropyl
methyl cellulose, Polyethylene glycol, Polymethyl methacrylate, Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP),
Poly(lactic co-glycolic) acid, Poloxamers.
Unit II
Tablets: Classification, granulation technology on large-scale, physics of tablets making, different
types of tablet compression machinery and the equipment, evaluation of tablets.
Coating of tablets: Types of coating, film forming materials, formulation of coating solution,
equipment for coating process, evaluation of coated tablet.
Unit III
Capsules: Advantages and disadvantages of capsule dosage form, material for production of hard
gelatin capsule, size of capsules, methods of capsule filling. Soft gelatin capsules- preparation and
capsule content, importance of base adsorption and minim/gm factors. Quality control, stability
testing and storage of capsule dosage form.
Unit IV
Controlled and sustained release dosage forms: Basic mechanism of sustained and controlled
release, definition, advantages and limitations of liposomes, niosomes, resealed erythrocytes,
dendrimers, solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN), nano lipid carriers (NLC), implants and transdermal
patches. Micro-particles: Introduction, polymers, methods of preparation (solvent evaporation, spray
drying, emulsion cross linking method), evaluations (particle size, surface characterizations, Poly
dispersity index, entrapment and loading, in-vitro release and release kinetics).
Unit V
Nanoparticles: Introduction, methods of preparation (emulsion solvent evaporation, double
emulsion solvent evaporation, coacervation-phase separation technique), evaluation (particle size,
surface characterizations, poly dispersity index, entrapment and loading, in-vitro release and
release kinetics).
Packaging of Pharmaceutical Products: Packaging component types, specifications and
methods of evaluation, stability aspects of packaging equipments, factors affecting choice of
containers, legal and other official requirements for containers, package testing.
BOP-362P
PHARMACEUTICS-VIII(PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY-II) PRACTICAL
1. Preparation, evaluation and packaging of the following dosage forms containing drugs
mentioned in IP.
a) Capsules. b) Microcapsules and microspheres. c) Tablets. d) Film coated tablets. e) Enteric coated tablets
2. To perform film coating of tablets.
3. To study the gel strength and gelling time of different grades of carbomers and HPMC.
4. To formulate and evaluate sustained release dosage forms. 5. To perform the evaluations of packages (containers and closures) and packaging materials.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol. I and III,
Mack Publishing Company, U.S.A.
2. Avis R.E., Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: Parenteral Medication, Vol-I, Marcel Dekker-Inc,
New York & Basel.
3. Ansel H.C., Introduction to Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia,
U.S.A.
4. Khar R. K., Vyas S.P., Ahmad F., Jain G. K., The Theory and Practice of Industrial
Pharmacy, 4
th Edition, CBS Publishers and Distributors. 5. Juliano R.C., Drug Delivery Systems, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
6. Herbert A., Liebermann, Lachman L., Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, Lea and
Febiger, Philadelphia, U.S.A.
7. Potdar M. A., C-GMP for Pharmaceuticals. 8. Dinda S. C., Advances in Pharmaceutical Technology, PharmaMed Press.
9. Ansel H.C., Pharmaceutical Dosage Form and Drug Delivery System. 10. Sankar, V. Ramesh S., Shanmugam V., A Text book of Novel Drug Delivery System,
PharmaMed Press.
11. Chaurasia M. K., Chaurasia M., Jain N. K., Novel Carriers for Drug Delivery, 1
st Edition,
PharmaMed Press.
12. Rao M.Y., Jithan A.V., Advances in Drug Delivery, Vol. I-III, PharmaMed Press.
BOP-363
PHARMACOLOGY-II
Unit I
Pharmacology of CVS: Cardiac glycosides, antihypertensive drugs, antianginal drugs,
antiarrhythmics, antihyperlipidemics.
Unit II
Drugs acting on haemopoeitic system: Haematinics, Vit. K and anticoagulants, fibrinolytics and
antiplatelet drugs, plasma volume expanders.
Drugs acting on respiratory system: Anti-asthmatic drugs, antitussives and expectorants,
respiratory stimulants.
Unit III
Autocoids: Histamine, 5HT and its antagonists, prostaglandins, thromboxane, leukotrienes,
angiotensin, bradykinin.
Unit IV
NSAIDS, Anti-gout drugs, diuretics, immunomodulators, anticancer agents.
Unit V
Drugs acting on GIT: Antacids and antiulcer drugs, laxatives and anti-diarrhoeal agents, emetics
and anti-emetics.
BOP-363P
PHARMACOLOGY-II PRACTICAL
1. To record the dose response curve (DRC) of Acetylcholine using chicken ileum.
2. To study the parallel shift of DRC in presence of competitive antagonist on DRC of
Acetylcholine using chicken ileum.
3. To study effect of Physostigmine on DRC of acetylcholine using chicken ileum.
4. To study the CRC of Histamine on guinea pig ileum. 5. Study of the effect of antihistaminics using software.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Katzung, B.G. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, Prentice Hall International. 2. Barar F.S.K., Text Book of Pharmacology, Interprint, New Delhi.
3. Rang M.P. Dale M.M., Riter J.M., Pharmacology Churchill Livingstone.
4. Tripathi, K.D. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, Jay Pee Publishers, New Delhi.
5. Satoskar & Bhandarkar; Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics, Popular Prakashan Pvt. Ltd.,
Bombay. 6. Kulkarni S.K., Hand Book of Experimental Pharmacology, Vallabh Prakashan, Delhi.
7. Bothra S.B., Essentials of Experimental Pharmacology, Vol. 1, General Concepts, PharmaMed
Press.
8. Ghosh, M.N., Fundamentals of Experimental Pharmacology, Scientific Book Agency,
Calcutta.
9. Grover J.K., Experiments in Pharmacy and Pharmacology, CBS Publishers, New Delhi.
10. Goodman and Gilman, The Pharmacological basis of Therapeutics, Edited by Hardman J.G. 11. Laurence, D.R. and Bannet P.N., Clinical Pharmacology, Churchill Livingstone.
12. Craig, C.R. and Stitzel, R.R., Modern Pharmacology, Little Brown and Co. 13. Sheffield Bioscience Programs, U.K., ISBN, 1-874758-02-6.
14. Udaykumar Padmaja, Medical Pharmacology, CBS Publishers, New Delhi.
15. Saif S. R., Pharmacology Review, CBS Publishers, New Delhi.
16. Gupta P.K., Essential Concepts in Toxicology, PharmaMed Press. 17. Mukhopadhyay K., Undergratuate Pharmacology, CBS Publishers, New Delhi.
18. Pillai K.K., Experimental Pharmacology, CBS Publishers, New Delhi
BOP-364
PHARMACOGNOSY-III
Unit I
Phytochemical screening
A. Introduction, principles and types of extraction methods/techniques.
B. An introduction to active constituents of drugs: Classification, isolation, properties and
qualitative chemical tests of alkaloids, saponins, cardenolides and bufadienolides, cynogenetic
glycosides, flavanoids and leucoanthocyanidine.
Unit II
Study of the biological sources, commercial varieties, chemical constituents, uses, diagnostic
macroscopic and microscopic features, substitutes/adulterants and specific chemical tests of drugs
containing the following glycosides- Saponins: Liquorice, Ginseng, Dioscorea, Coleus species.
Cardioactive sterols: Digitals, Squill, Stropanthus, Thevetia.
Anthraquinone cathartics: Aloe, Senna, Rhubarb, Cascara.
Unit III
Tannins: Study of tannins and tannin containing drugs like gumbir (pale catechu), black catechu,
gall and myrobalans (Harde, Baheda, Arjuna and Ashoka).
Unit IV
Plant bitters and sweeteners: Introduction to plant bitters and sweeteners, biological source,
chemical nature and therapeutic uses of bitter and sweetener principles of the following drugs- Plant bitters: Chiratin (Momordica charantia), rotenone (Derris elliptica), limonin and naringin
(Citrus fruits).
Plant sweeteners: Thaumatin (Thaumatococcus danielli), stevioside and rebaudioside (Stevia
rebaudiana), neohesperidin (Citrus aurantium).
Unit V
Study of traditional drugs: Common vernacular name, biological sources, morphology,
chemical nature of chief constituents, common uses and pharmacology of the following
indigenous drugs: Psoralea, Gentian, Saffron, Chirata, Quassia, Amla, Kantkari, Shatavari,
Tylophora, Bhilwa, Punarnava, Chitrak, Apamarg, Gokhru, Shankhpushpi, Brahmi, Methi,
Lehsun, Palash, Gymnema, Shilajit, Nagarmotha.
BOP-364P
PHARMACOGNOSY-III PRACTICAL
1. Morphology and microscopy (powder) of Liquorice along with its chemical tests.
2. Morphology of Aloe and chemical tests on Aloe-extract.
3. Morphology and microscopy (powder) of Rhubarb. 4. Morphology of Psoralia, Saffron and Chirata.
5. Morphology of Amla, Kantkari, Shatavari and Vach.
6. Morphology of Punarnava, Apamarg, Gokhru, and Shankhpushpi.
7. Morphology of Brahmi, Methi, Lehsun and Palash.
a) Morphology of Nagarmotha and Neem.
b) Identification Tests for Guggul lipids.
8. Test for identification of glycosides (saponin and anthraquinone).
9. Test for identification of tannins.
10. Tests for identification of steroids.
11. Tests for identification of flavonoids.
12. A report on marketed preparations based on traditional drugs mentioned in theory.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Trease, G.E., and Evans, W.C., Pharmacognosy, Bailliere Tindall East Baorne, U.K.
2. Wallis. T.E. “Text Book of Pharmacognosy” J&A Churchill Ltd. London.
3. Kokate C.K., Gokhale A.S., Gokhale S.B., Cultivation of Medicinal Plants, Nirali Prakashan.
4. Tyler V.E., Lynnr B. and Robbers J.E., Pharmacognosy, 8
th Edition, Lea & Febiger,
Philadelphia.
5. Harborne J.B., Phytochemical method, Chapman & Hall International Edition, London.
6. Medicinal Plants of India, Vol. I & II, Indian Council of Medical Reasearch, New Delhi.
7. Nadkarni A.K., Indian Materia Medica, Vol- 1&2, Popular Prakashan (P) Ltd. Bombay.
8. Sukh Dev, A Selection of Prime Ayurvedic Plant Drug, Anamaya Publisher New Delhi.
9. Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia, Vol. I & II, ICMR & RRL, Jammu.
10. Indian Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia, Govt. of India.
11. The Wealth of India, Raw Materials (All volumes) Council of Scientific & Industrial
Research, New Delhi.
12. Rastogi R. P. and Mehrotra B.N., Compendium of Indian Medicinal Plants I-IV, Publications
& Information Directorate/Central Drug Research Institute, New Delhi. 13. American Herbal Pharmacopoeia, Botanical Pharmacognosy: Microscopic Characterization of
Botanical Medicines, Taylor & Francis Group.
14. Wallis T.E., Analytical Microscopy, J&A Churchill Ltd., London.
15. Kokate C.K., Practical Pharmacognosy, Vallabh Prakashan, New Delhi.
16. Iyengar M.A., Pharmacognosy of Powdered Crude Drugs, PharmaMed Press.
17. Iyengar, M.A. and Nayak S.C.K., Anatomy of Powdered Crude Drugs, PharmaMed Press.
BOP-365
PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION
Unit I
Written skills:
a. Proposal writing formats.
b. Report writing. c. Business letters. d. Applications. e. Covering letters.
f. Curriculum Vitae designing. Unit II
a. Barriers to communication, time management simulation exercise. b. Leadership skills.
c. Team work BSC (Boss, subordinates and colleagues). Unit III
1. Group discussions (GDs). a. Tips.
b. GD. 2. Non verbal aspects of communication. Unit IV
a. Corporate communication, corporate expectation, office etiquettes.
b. Extempore. Unit V
1. Interview Tips:
a. What should be done before the interview, during the interview, after the interview and on
the day of interview?
b. Various questions that may be asked in an interview.
c. Model interview (video-shooting and displaying optional). 2. Exit interview.
BOOKS RECOMMEDNDED
1. Raman M. and Sharma, S., Technical Communications- Principles & Practice, 2
nd Edition,
Oxford University Press. 2. Sharma, R. C. and Krishna Mohan, Business Correspondence and Report Writing, Tata
McGraw Hill Co.
3. Lesikar, R.V., Pettit J.V., Flateley M.E., Lesikar’s Basic Business Communication, 8th Edition,
McGraw Hill Companies.
BOP-366P
INDUSTRIAL TRAINING
The training shall include training at an approved pharmaceutical unit for a minimum of 30 days. The industrial training shall compose of observation of various manufacturing sections,
packaging section and testing section. It shall also include the study of GMP requirements, SOPs,
batch production records (BPRs), analysis records etc.
May be performed at the end of the 5
th semester.

B Pharma Pharmacy 7th Semester Syllabus

2019-08-16T14:08:00.000+05:30

B Pharma Pharmacy 7th Semester Syllabus

Syllabus

SEVENTH SEMESTER

TO DOWNLOAD B.PHARMA 4th YEAR SYLLABUS CLICK HERE

BOP-471

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-VIII(MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY-III)

Classification, mode of action, uses, recent advances and structure activity relationship of the
following classes of drugs (Synthetic procedures of individually mentioned drugs only).

Unit I

Steroidal drugs: Introduction, classification, nomenclature, and stereochemistry ofAndrogens and anabolic steroids: Testosterone, Stanazolol.
Estrogens and progestogens: Progesterone, Estradiol.
Adrenocorticoids: Prednisolone, Dexamethasone.

Unit II

Chemotherapy of microbial infections:
Antibiotics: Penicillin, Semi-synthetic Penicillins (Ampicillin), Cephalosporins (Cefepime),
Chloramphenicol, Tetracyclines (Doxycycline), Aminoglycosides, Macrolides.
Antifungals: Ketoconazole and Clotrimazole.
Antiseptics & disinfectants: Chlorhexidine.

Unit III

Chemotherapy of microbial infections:
Synthetic antibacterials: Sulphonamides (Sulphamethoxazole, Sulphadiazine, Sulphacetamide),
Quinolones/Fluoroquinolones (Nalidixic acid, Ofloxacin).
Antimycobacterial agents: PAS, Ethambutol, Isoniazid, Dapsone.

Unit IV

Chemotherapy of parasitic infections:
Antimalarials: Chloroquine, Primaquine, Pyrimethamine.
Antiamoebics: Ornidazole, Diloxanide.
Anthelmintics: Albendazole.

Unit V

Cancer chemotherapy: Alkylating agents (Chlorambucil, Carmustine), Antimetabolites
(Methotrexate, 5-Fluorouracil), Anticancer antibiotics (Doxorubicin).
Antiviral/Anti-HIV agents: Amantadine, Acyclovir, Zidovudine, Saquinavir, Raltegravir.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

1. Abraham D.J., Burger’s Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery, John Wiley and Sons Inc.,
New York.
2. Block J.H. and Beale J.M., Wilson and Gisvold’s Textbook of Organic Medicinal and
Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia.
3. Lemke T.L., Williams D.A., Roche V.F. and Zito S.W., Foyes Principles of Medicinal
Chemistry, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia.
4. Vardanyan R.S. and Hruby V.J., Synthesis of Essential Drugs, Elsevier, Philadelphia.
5. Singh H. and Kapoor V.K., Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vallabh Prakashan,
Delhi.
6. Nogrady T., Medicinal Chemistry: A Biochemical Approach, Oxford University Press, New
York.
7. Patrick G.L., An Introduction to Medicinal Chemistry, Oxford University Press, New York.
8. Hansch C., Comprehensive Medicinal Chemistry, Pergamon Press, U.K.
9. Dharuman J., Chemistry of Synthetic Drugs, AITBS Publishers, New Delhi.
10. Mann F.G. and Saunders B.C., Practical Organic Chemistry, Orient Longman Limited, New York.
11. Furniss B.S., Hannaford A.J., Smith P.W.G. and Tatchell A. R., Vogel’s Textbook of
Practical Organic Chemistry, Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson Education Ltd.),
New Delhi.

BOP-472

PHARMACEUTICS-IX(BIOPHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACOKINETICS)

Unit I

Introduction to biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics and their role in formulation development.
Mechanism of absorption, physicochemical and pharmaceutical factors influencing absorption,
drug distribution, volume of distribution and distribution coefficient. Plasma protein binding and
its significance.

Unit II

Significance of plasma drug concentration measurement.
Compartment models and non-compartment models: Definition and scope.
Pharmacokinetics of drug absorption: Zero order and first order absorption rate constant.
Determination of absorption rate constant using Wagner-Nelson and Loo-Reigelman method.

Unit III

Compartment kinetics: One compartment and preliminary information of multicompartment
models. Determination of pharmacokinetic parameters from plasma and urine data after drug
administration by intra venous (I.V.) bolus and I.V. infusion.

Unit IV

Dosage adjustment in patients with renal and hepatic disease.
Clinical Pharmacokinetics: Definition and scope.

Unit V

Brief introduction to bioavailability and bioequivalence: Definition and significance. Measurement
of bioavailability.
Introduction to in-vivo in-vitro correlation (IVIVC) and its significance.
Review of regulatory requirements for conduction of bioequivalence studies.

BOP-472P

PHARMACEUTICS-IX(BIOPHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACOKINETICS) PRACTICAL

1. In-vitro drug release study of the any powder, uncoated tablet, capsule, film-coated tablet,
sustained release tablet and fast release (M.D, Dispersible etc.) tablet using various
dissolution media.
2. To determine the % protein binding of some drugs.
3. To determine the effect of protein binding on drug bioavailability.
4. To calculate various Pharmacokinetic parameters from zero order drug release data, first
order drug release data, blood data of I.V. bolus injection (one compartment model) and
urinary excretion data of I.V. bolus. Injection using both methods (Rate of elimination &
sigma minus method one compartment model).
5. To study in-vitro drug- drug interactions.
6. To study the passive diffusion of a drug using cellophane membrane.
7. To study the passive diffusion of a drug using egg membrane.
8. To determine the various Pharmacokinetic parameters from the given blood data of oral
administration of dosage form.
9. Determination of bioavailability by urinary method.
10. Determination of bioequivalence by dissolution method.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

1. Notari, R.E, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics-An introduction, Marcel Dekker Inc.
New York.
2. Rowland M, and Tozer T.N. Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Lea and Febriger, New York.
3. Wagner J.G. Fundamentals of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Drugs Intelligence Publishers,
Hamilton.
4. Wagner J.G. Pharmacokinetics for the Pharmaceutical Scientist, Technomic Publishing A.G.
Basel, Switzerland.
5. Gibaldi, M., Biopharmaceutics & Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Pharma Book Syndicate,
Hyderabad.
6. Robert, Rodriguezdiaz, Analytical Techniques for Biopharmaceuticals Development.
7. Curry, S. H., Drug Disposition & Pharmacokinetics, Pharma Book Syndicate, Hyderabad.

BOP- 473

PHARMACOLOGY-III(PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACOVIGILANCE)

Unit I

Pharmacology of endocrine system: Hypothalamic and pituitary hormones, thyroid hormones
and thyroid drugs. Parathormone, Calcitonin and Vitamin D, Insulin, oral hypoglycemic agents
and Glucagon. Corticosteroids, androgens and anabolic steroids, Estrogens, Progesterone and oral
contraceptives, drugs acting on the uterus.

Unit II

Chemotherapy: General principles of chemotherapy. Sulfonamides, Quinolones, Beta-lactam
antibiotics, Chloramphenicol, Tetracyclines, Macrolides and Aminoglycosides.
Chemotherapy of parasitic infections: Tuberculosis, leprosy, malaria, fungal infections, viral
diseases.

Unit III

Naturopathy: History, definitions, mechanism and its effect on various systems, hydrotherapy,
mud therapy, chromotherapy, acupressure, aromatherapy and therapeutic massage.

Unit IV

Pharmacovigilance: Scope, definition and aims of pharmacovigilance and
pharmacoepidemiology, therapeutic index- LD50 and ED50, drug interactions.
Adverse drug reactions: Classification, mechanism, predisposing factors and causality assessment.
Role of clinical pharmacist in reporting, evaluation, monitoring, prevention and management of
ADR, drug induced diseases affecting different organ systems.
Fixed dose drug combinations (FDDCs): Rational and irrational combinations, FDDCs in Indian
scenario.

Unit V

Epidemiological methods: Case control study: Selection of cases, selection of controls,
matching, measurements of exposure, analysis, odds ratio, bias in case control study, advantages,
disadvantages.
Cohort study: Concept, framework, combination of prospective and retrospective cohort study,
relative risk, attributable risk, advantages, disadvantages.

BOP-473P

PHARMACOLOGY-III(PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACOVIGILANCE) PRACTICAL

1. To calculate the pA2 value of Atropine and Chlorpheniramine.
2. Bioassay of Ach, Histamine and Oxytocin on suitable isolated preparations using matching
assay, bracketing assay, interpolation, three point assay and four point assay.
3. Bioassay of histamine and acetylcholine using matching and interpolation method on rat and
guinea pig.
The experiments should be conducted using software, wherever possible.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

1. Rang M.P., Dale MM, Riter JM, Pharmacology Churchill Livingstone, China.
2. Tripathi, K.D. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, Jay Pee Publishers, New Delhi.
3. Satoskar & Bhandarkar: Pharmacology & Pharmacotheropeutics, Popular Prakashan Pvt. Ltd.,
Bombay.
4. Ghosh M.N. Fundamentals of Experimental Pharmacology, Scientific Book Agency, Calcutta.
5. Katzung, B.G. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, Prentice Hall International, New Delhi.
6. Ronald D. Mann & Elizabeth B. Andrews, Pharmacovigilance, John Wiley & Sons, West
Sussex, England.
7. Waller and Patrick, An Introduction to Pharmacovigilance, John Wiley & Sons, West Sussex,
England.
8. Mohanta G.P., Elementary Pharmacovigilance, PharmaMed Press, Hyderabad.
9. Mohanta G.P., Manna P.K., Textbook of Pharmacovigilance: Concept and Practice,
PharmaMed Press, Hyderabad.
10. Grover J.K., Experiments in Pharmacy & Pharmacology, CBS Publishers, New Delhi.
11. Kulkarni S.K., Hand Book of Experimental Pharmacology, Vallabh Prakashan, Delhi.
12. Barar F.S.K : Text Book of Pharmacology, Interprint, New Delhi.
13. Goodman & Gilman, The Pharmacological basis of Therapeutics, Eds: Hardman J.G., Limbird
Le, Molinoss P.B., Ruddon R.W. & Gil A.G., Pergamon Press, U.K.
14. Laurene, D.R. & Bennet P.N.; Clinical Pharmacology, Churchill Livingstone, Harlow,
England.
15. Paul L., Principles of Pharmacology, Chapman and Hall, New York.
16. Sheffield Bioscience Programs, U.K., ISBN. 1-874758-02-6.
17. Ravi Shanker K., Kiranmayi G.V.N., Pharmacology: A Companion Handbook with
Illustrations, PharmaMed Press, Hyderabad.
18. Singh S. J., History and Philosophy of Naturopathy, Nature Cure Council of Medical Research,
Lucknow.
19. Bakhru H. K., Complete Handbook of Nature Cure, Jaico Publishing House, New Delhi.
20. Pizzorno J. E., Murray M. T., The Encyclopedia of Natural Medicine, Simon & Schuster, New York, USA.

BOP-474

PHAMACOGNOSY-IV

Unit-1

Systematic study of source, cultivation, collection, processing, commercial varieties, chemical
constituents, substitutes/adulterants, uses, diagnostic macroscopic and microscopic features and
specific chemical tests of following alkaloid containing drugsPyridine-piperidine: Tobacco, Areca and Lobelia.
Tropane: Belladona, Hyoscyamus, Datura, Coca and Withania.
Quinoline and isoquinoline: Cinchona, Ipecac and Opium.
Indole: Ergot, Rauwolfia, Catharanthus and Nux-vomica.

Unit II

Imidazole: Pilocarpus.
Steroidal: Veratrum and Kurchi.
Alkaloidal amine: Ephedra and Colchicum.
Glycoalkaloid: Solanum.
Purines: Coffee and Tea
Quinazoline: Vasaka.

Unit III

Production and utilization of phytoconstituents: Calcium sennosides, Diosgenin, Solasodine,
Podophyllotoxins, Tropane alkaloids, Isoquinoline alkaloids and Quinoline alkaloids.

Unit IV

Plant tissue culture: Historical development of plant tissue culture, type of culture, nutritional
requirements, growth and maintenance, factors affecting plant tissue culture.
Applications of plant tissue culture in pharmacy.

Unit V

Introduction to herbal fingerprinting using HPTLC technique.
Introduction to herbal drug interactions.
Introduction to bioactive compounds enhancing bioavailability such as- Piperine, Vitamin K.

BOP-474P

PHAMACOGNOSY-IV PRACTICAL

1. To study the morphology and microscopy of Datura and Withania.
2. To study the morphology and microscopy of Ipecac and Rauwolfia.
3. To study the morphology and microscopy of Catharanthus and Nux-vomica.
4. To study the morphology and microscopy of Ephedra and Kurchi.
5. To study the morphology and microscopy of Solanum and Vasaka.
6. a) Morphology of Areca, Colchicum.
b) Transverse section of Catharanthus leaf and Kurchi bark.
7. To study the TLC profile of Catharanthus leaf.
8. To study the TLC profile of Withania root.
9. Chemical test of Tea, Tobacco, Datura and Withania.
10. Chemical test of Nux-vomica, Ephedra and Kurchi.
11. Preparation of different callus cultures using various parts of plants.
12. Study of micopropogation using callus culture.
13. Effect of various plant hormones on micropropogation.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

1. Trease, G.E., and Evans, W.C., Pharmacognosy, Bailliere Tindall East Baorne, U.K.
2. Wallis. T.E. “Text Book of Pharmacognosy” J&A Churchill Ltd., London.
3. Kokate C.K., Gokhale A.S., Gokhale S.B., Cultivation of Medicinal Plants, Nirali Prakashan.
4. Tyler V.E., Lynnr B. and Robbers J.E., Pharmacognosy, 8th Edition, Lea & Febiger,
Philadelphia.
5. Harborne J.B., Phytochemical Methods, Chapman & Hall International Edition, London.
6. Medicinal Plants of India, Vol. I & II, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi.
7. Nadkarni A.K., Indian Materia Medica, Vol- 1&2, Popular Prakashan (P) Ltd., Bombay.
8. Sukh Dev, A Selection of Prime Ayurvedic Plant Drugs, Anamaya Publisher New Delhi.
9. Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia, Vol. I & II, ICMR & RRL, Jammu.
10. Indian Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia, Govt. of India.
11. The Wealth of India, Raw Materials (All volumes), Council of Scientific & Industrial
Research, New Delhi.
12. Rastogi R. P. and Mehrotra B.N., Compendium of Indian Medicinal Plants I-IV, Publications
& Information Directorate/Central Drug Research Institute, New Delhi.
13. Wallis T.E., Analytical Microscopy, J&A Churchill Ltd., London.
14. Kokate C.K., Practical Pharmacognosy, Vallabh Prakashan, New Delhi.
15. Iyengar M.A., Pharmacognosy of Powdered Crude Drugs, PharmaMed Press, Hyderabad.
16. Iyengar, M.A. and Nayak S.C.K., Anatomy of Powdered Crude Drugs, PharmaMed Press,
Hyderabad.

BOP-475

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS-III(PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS & QUALITY ASSURANCE)

Unit I

Ultra violet and visible spectroscopy: Principle and origin of spectra, quantitative laws,
chromophores and auxochromes, factors affecting absorption, instrumentation- single and double
beam spectrophotometer, Woodward-Fieser rule, applications.
Infra-red spectroscopy: Principle, effect of hydrogen bonding and conjugation on absorption
band, instrumentation, interpretation of IR spectra of simple compounds (Ethanol, Benzaldehyde).
FTIR, applications of IR spectroscopy in pharmaceutical analysis.

Unit II

NMR spectroscopy: Principle of 1H-NMR, chemical shift and factors affecting it, shielding and
desheilding, spin-spin coupling and coupling constant, spin-spin splitting, instrumentation, NMR
active compounds and study of 1H-NMR spectra of- Ethanol, Benzaldehyde. Introduction to13CNMR.

Unit III

Mass spectrometry: Principle, fragmentation pattern in relation to molecular structure and
functional groups including McLafferty rearrangement, ionization techniques (CI, FAB, ESI,
MALDI), instrumentation, applications, mass spectra of some simple compounds (Ethanol,
Benzaldehyde).

Unit IV

Miscellaneous techniques: Principle, instrumentation and applications of atomic absorption
spectroscopy, fluorimetry and flame photometry.
Introduction to gel electrophoresis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron
microscopy (TEM).

Unit V

Quality Assurance: Basic concept of quality, difference between QC and QA, quality audit, types
of quality audits, concept of TQM, ISO 9000 series. Elementary study of WHO guidelines.
Different documents prepared by QA department (batch manufacturing record, master formula
record, validation master plan). Basic concept of validation, types of validation, different
validation parameters, protocols for process validation.

BOP-475 P

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS-III(PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS & QUALITY ASSURANCE) PRACTICAL

1. Determination of λmax of different compounds by UV-visible spectrophotometry.
2. Verification of Beer’s law.
3. Determination of unknown concentration of some drugs by UV-visible spectrophotometry.
4. Simultaneous estimation of multi-component drugs by UV-visible spectrophotometry.
5. Determination of factors which affect λmax by UV-visible spectrophotometry.
6. Interpretation of IR, Mass and NMR spectra.
7. Assay of official formulations containing single and more active ingredients using instrumental techniques.
8. Assay of pharmaceutical substances by flame spectrophotometry (NaCl, KCl oral sachet).
9. Separation of a protein mixture using gel electrophoresis.
10. Formation and maintenance of different documents/records formed by QA department.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

1. Pharmacopoeia of India, Ministry of Health, Govt. of India.
2. Becket A. H. and Stenlake J. B., Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry Vol. I and II, The Athlone
Press of the University of London.
3. Chatten L. G., A text book of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vol. I & II, Marcel Dekker, New
York.
4. Willard H.H.,Merrit L.L., Dean J.A.,Settle P.A., Instrumental Methods of analysis, Van
Nostrand Renhold, New York.
5. Obonson J.W.R., Undergraduate Instrumental Analysis, Marcel Dekker Inc, New York, 1970.
6. Parikh V.H., Absorption Spectroscopy of Organic Molecules, Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.,
London.
7. Silverstein R.M.,and Webster F.X., Spectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds, John
Wiley & Sons.
8. Skoog V., Principles of Instrumental Analysis, Holler-Neimen.
9. Kemp W., Organic spectroscopy, 3rdEdition, Palgrave, New York.
10. Kalsi P.S., Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds, New Age International Publishers, New
Delhi.
11. Pavia D.L.,Lampman G.M., and Kriz G.S., Introduction to spectroscopy, 3
rd Edition, Harcourt
College Publishers, Philadelphia.
12. Florey K., Analytical Profile of Drug Substance (All volume), Academic Press, Elsevier.
13. WHO-Quality Assurance of Pharmaceuticals, Vol. I & II, AITBS Publisher & Distributors,
Delhi.
14. Berry I.R. and Harpaz, D., Validation of API, 2ndEdition, CRC Press.
BOP-476 P
HOSPITAL TRAINING-II
Training of students at a hospital establishment for a minimum duration of 45 days. The hospital
training shall include: First aid (wound dressing, artificial respiration etc.), different routes of
injection, study of patient observation charts, prescriptions and dispensing, simple diagnostic
reports etc.

May be performed at the end of the 6th semester

B Pharma Pharmacy 8th Semester Syllabus

2019-08-15T14:37:00.000+05:30

B Pharma Pharmacy 8th Semester Syllabus

Syllabus

EIGHTTH SEMESTER

TO DOWNLOAD B.PHARMA 4th YEAR SYLLABUS CLICK HERE

BOP-481

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-IX
(CHEMISTRY OF NATURAL PRODUCTS)
Unit I
General methods of isolation and separation of plant constituents, qualitative tests for the detection
of plant constituents. Application of spectral techniques in the structure determination of natural
products.
Biogenetic investigations and basic metabolic pathways (Alkaloids, Terpenes, Steroids). Brief
introduction to biogenesis of secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical importance (Atropine,
Quinine, Papaverine, Morphine and Reserpine).
Unit II
Extraction, isolation and structure elucidation of alkaloids: Tropanes (Atropine); Phenanthrenes
(Morphine); Quinolines (Quinine); Isoquinolines (Papaverine); Indoles (Reserpine).
Unit III
Extraction, isolation and structure elucidation ofGlycosides: Digoxin.
Flavonoids: Quercetin.
Lignans: Podophyllotoxin.
Purines: Caffeine.
Unit IV
Extraction, isolation and structure elucidation ofTerpenoids: Camphor, Menthol, Citral.
Carotenoids: β- Carotene.
Vitamins: α -Tocopherol.
Quassinoids: Quassin.
Unit V
Natural allergens, photosensitizing agents and fungal toxins.
Role of natural products in drug discovery and development.
Recent developments of natural products used as anticancer agents, antidiabetics, antimalarials and
immunomodulators.
BOP-481P
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-IX
(CHEMISTRY OF NATURAL PRODUCTS) PRACTICAL
1. Laboratory experiments on extraction (conventional/microwave assisted), isolation, separation
and purification of various groups of chemical constituents of pharmaceutical significance.
2. Exercises on paper and thin layer chromatographic evaluation of herbal drug constituents.
3. Isolation of volatile oils and their chromatographic profiles.
SUGGESTED EXPERIMENTS
1. Isolation of Caffeine from tea leaves.
2. Isolation of Piperine from black pepper.
3. Isolation of Hesperidin from orange peel.
4. Isolation of Clove oil from clove.
5. Isolation of Caraway oil from caraway.
6. Isolation of Cumin oil from cumin.
7. To study the TLC profile of extracted oils.
8. To perform the column chromatography of any available herb.
9. To study the paper chromatographic profile of glycone portion separated from senna.
10. To isolate the active constituent of any available drug with the help of preparative TLC.
11. Quantitative determination of Ascorbic Acid present in amla.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Brain K.R. and Turner T.D., The Practical Evaluation of Phytopharmaceutical, Wright, Bristol.
2. Kokate C.K., “Practical Pharmacognosy” Vallabh Prakashan, New Delhi.
3. Stahl E., Thin Layer Chromatography: A Laboratory Hand Book, Springer International
Edition, New York.
4. Harborne J.B., Phytochemical Methods: A Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis,
Springer (India) Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
5. Dewick P.M., Medicinal Natural Products: A Biosynthetic Approach, John Wiley and Sons
Ltd., England.
6. Wagner H., Plant Drug Analysis, Springer, Berlin.
7. Cutler S.J. and Cutler H.G., Biologically Active Natural Products: Pharmaceuticals, CRC
Press, London.
8. Manitto P., Biosynthesis of Natural Products, BSP Books Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad.
9. Finar I.L.,Organic chemistry, Volume II: Stereochemistry and the Chemistry of Natural
Products, Pearson Education, New Jersey.
10. Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia, Indian Drug Manufacturers Association and Regional Research
Laboratory, Jammu.
11. Agarwal O.P., Organic Chemistry, Natural Products, Krishna Prakashan Media (P) Ltd.,
Meerut.
12. Evans V.C., Trease and Evans Pharmacognosy, Harcourt Publishers Ltd., Sydney.
13. Wallis T. E., Textbook of Pharmacognosy, CBS Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi.
14. Kokate C.K., Practical Pharmacognosy, Vallabh Prakashan, Delhi.
15. Jarald E.E. and Jarald S.E., Textbook of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, CBS Publishers
and Distributors Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
16. Tyler V.E., “Pharmacognosy” Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.
17. Deore S.L., Khadabadi S.S., Baviskar B.A., Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry: A
Comprehensive Approach, PharmaMed Press, Hyderabad.
18. Prasad M. R, Rao A.R., Advanced Medicinal Chemistry: A Laboratory Guide, PharmaMed
Press, Hyderabad.
BOP-482
PHARMACEUTICS-X
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
Unit I
Immunology and immunological preparations: Principles, antigen and haptens, immune system,
cellular and humoral immunity, immunological tolerance, antigen-antibody reactions and their
applications, standardization and storage of vaccine.
Unit II
Recombinant DNA technology: A brief introduction to genetic engineering and techniques,
production of r-DNA and their application, development of hybridoma for monoclonal antibodies
and their application, protoplast fusion and biotechnological production of products such as
Insulin and Somatotropin.
Unit III
Antibiotics: Screening of soil for organisms producing antibiotics.
Fermentor: Basic design, control of different parameters and application.
Isolation of mutants and factors affecting mutation.
Unit IV
Microbial transformation: Introduction, types of reactions mediated by microorganisms,
selection of organisms, methodology of biotransformation, process improvements with special
reference to steroids.
Unit V
Enzyme immobilization: Sources of enzymes, techniques of immobilization of enzymes and cell,
advantages and limitation of immobilization, application of immobilization in pharmacy.
Biotechnological production and pharmaceutical application of enzymes such as penicillinase, αgalactosidase, amylases and proteases.
BOP-482P
PHARMACEUTICS-X
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY PRACTICAL
1. Estimation of protein in given sample.
2. Production of protoplast fused cells by chemical method.
3. Production of protoplast fused cells by mechanical method.
4. Estimation of immunological reaction (blood group etc.).
5. Assay of antibiotics.
6. Screening of soil for antibiotic producing microorganisms.
7. Immobilization of drug.
8. Immobilization of enzyme.
9. Immobilization of cell.
10. Protein estimation by gel electrophoresis.
11. Isolation of enzymes from natural sources.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Prescott and Dunn’s Industrial Microbiology, CBS Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi.
2. Vyas S.P. and Dixit V.K., Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, CBS Publication, New Delhi.
3. Kieslich K. , Biotechnology, Verleg Chernie, Switzerland.
4. Standury P.F.,Whitaker A. & Hall S.J. ,Principles of Fermentation, Aditya Book Private
Limited, New Delhi.
5. Crueger W. & Crueger A, Biotechnology- A Textbook of Industrial Microbiology, Panima
Publishing Corporation, Delhi.
BOP-483
PHARMACEUTICS-XI
PHARMACEUTICAL MANAGEMENT & MARKETING
Unit I
Concepts of management: Definition, administrative management (planning, organizing, staffing,
directing and controlling). Entrepreneurship development, introduction to operative management
(personnel, materials, production, financial management).
Unit II
Principles of management: Coordination, communication, motivation, decision making,
leadership, innovation and creativity.
Production management: A brief study of the different aspects of production management,
methodology of activities: performance evaluation, review technique, maintenance management.
Unit III
Pharmaceutical marketing: Introduction to pharmaceutical marketing. Functions, buying,
selling, transportation, storage and finance. Feedback information, channels of distribution,
wholesale, retail, department store. Introduction to e-commerce (online shopping, online banking,
pretail, marketing to prospective and established customers) and start up business.
Unit IV
Salesmanship: Principle of sales promotion, advertising, ethics of sales, merchandising, literature,
detailing, recruitment, training, performance appraisal of sales force.
Unit V
Market research: Definition, steps and limitations of market research. Market segmentation and
market targeting. Major concepts in demand measurement, estimating current demand. Geo-demographic analysis. Estimating industry sales.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Beri, Marketing Research .Tata Mc Graw Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi.
2. Chary S.N, Production and Operations Management. Tata Mc Graw Hill Publishing Company
Limited, New Delhi.
3. Datta A.K., Materials Management. Prentice Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi.
4. Massie L. Joseph, Essentials of Management. Prentice Hall of India Private Limited, New
Delhi.
5. Shreenivasan K.R., An Introduction to Industrial Management. Vikas Publishing House Private
Limited, New Delhi.
6. Daver Rustam S., Salesmanship and Publicity. Vikas Publishing House Private Limited, New
Delhi.
7. Mukopadhyay S., Pharmaceutical Selling, Sterling Publishers.
8. Koontz H, Weihrich H, Essentials of Management. Tata Mc Graw Hill Publishing Company
Limited, New Delhi.
9. G Vidya Sagar, Pharmaceutical Industrial Management, Pharma Med Press, Hyderabad.
10. Micky C Smith, Principles of Pharmaceutical Marketing.CBS Publishers and Distributors, New
Delhi.
11. Chaganti S.R., Pharmaceutical Marketing in India: Concept, strategy and cases. Pharma Med
Press, Hyderabad.
BOP-484
PHARMACEUTICS-XII
(FOOD & NEUTRACEUTICALS)
Unit I
Introduction to food technology.
Food Processing: Freezing, changes in food during refrigerated storage, progressive freezing, Ice
crystal damage, effect of dehydration, microwave heating and drying methods on food products.
Unit II
Food packaging and preservation: Properties of packaging material used for food packaging,
influence of packaging material on changes of food stuffs, brief description of packaging of frozen,
dried products and thermally processed foods.
Brief description of food preservation and its methods.
Unit III
Neutraceuticals: Introduction, classification, categories and rational of use of neutraceuticals.
Brief description to dietary supplements, fortified foods, functional foods and
phytoneutraceuticals.
Unit IV
Development and marketing of neutraceutical products: Supercritical fluid extraction
technology-basics and application for extraction of neutraceuticals from various sources,
Packaging, label claims. Regulatory aspects of neutraceutical products in India.
Unit V
Testing of neutraceuticals and food products: Testing of microbial load, nutritional value, heavy
metals, calorific value and neutraceutical label claim test.
Brief introduction to Agmark, Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and Food Safety and Standards
Authority of India (FSSAI).
BOP 484P
PHARMACEUTICS-XII (FOOD & NEUTRACEUTICALS) PRACTICAL
1. Preparation of traditional health products e.g. Gulkand, Amla syrup
2. Formulation of health drinks.
3. Preparation and testing of some food products.
4. Testing of food packaging materials.
5. Preparation and testing of some neutraceuticals.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Potter, N. M., Food Science, CBS Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi.
2. Manay, S. and Shadaksharaswami, M., Foods: Facts and Principles, New Age Publishers,
New Delhi.
3. Frazier W.C. and Westhoff, D.C., Food Microbiology, TMH, New Delhi.
4. Krammer, A. and Twigg B.A., Quality control for food industry, Third edition, AVI, West
port.
5. Ranganna S., Handbook of Analysis and Quality control for Fruit and Vegetables Products,
Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
6. Girdharilal, Preservation of Food and Vegetables, ICAR, New Delhi.
7. Fellows P., Food Processing Technology: Principles and Practice, Ellis Horwood Ltd,
Horwood.
8. Earle R. L., Unit Operations in Food Processing, Pergamon Press, New York.
9. Deore, S. L. Khadbadi S. S., and Baviskar B. A., Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry: A
Comprehensive Approach, PharmaMed Press, Hyderabad.
10. Robert E.C., Wildman, R., Taylor C. Wallace., Handbook of Nutraceuticals and Functional
Foods, Second Edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton.
ELECTIVE
BOP-485(A)
COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN DRUG DESIGN
Unit I
Introduction to drug design concept, rational approaches of drug design, role of computational
chemistry in drug design. The concept of drug likeness and druggability.
Chemometrics: Introduction to multivariate analysis, linear (PCA, MLR, PLS) and non-linear
methods, validation tools. Introduction to some statistical softwares (such as; SPSS, Graph Pad
Prism etc.).
Unit II
Molecular Modeling: Introduction to the principles of molecular mechanics, quantum mechanics,
molecular dynamics and their applications in drug design.
Unit III
Quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR): Basic concepts of QSAR, molecular
descriptors (2D and 3D parameters), biological parameters, tools and techniques, quantitative
models, validation of models, introduction to 2D and 3D QSAR methodologies.
Unit IV
Virtual screening: Introduction to some molecule databases. Ligand based and structure based
virtual screening. Similarity searching, various methods of similarity searching and their
applications in virtual screening: QSAR modeling, pharmacophore modeling, shape based
screening, fingerprint based screening etc.
Unit V
Structure based drug design: Protein Data Bank, molecular graphics, design of enzyme
inhibitors, receptor based drug design, molecular docking and protein homology modeling.
Introduction to bioinformatics and some drug design softwares (free and commercially available).
BOP-485P (A)
COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN DRUG DESIGN PROJECT
1. To perform the Hansch and Free-Wilson analysis for the given dataset.
2. To develop and validate a 3D-QSAR model on a given dataset.
3. To develop and validate a 3D-Pharmacophore model on a given dataset.
4. To create a 3D-QSAR based hypothesis for virtual screening on a small molecule dataset.
5. To create a shape-based pharmacophore query on a set of aligned molecules and perform a
virtual screening on a small molecule dataset.
6. To perform the virtual screening on a small molecule dataset using different fingerprint
methods.
7. To perform molecular docking simulation and study various non-covalent interaction in
protein-ligand complex.
8. To perform a homology modeling for a given target using modeler.
9. To perform the structure based virtual screening on a small molecule dataset.
10. To perform the different machine learning methods on a given dataset.
11. To perform the drug-likeness (ADMET) for small molecules.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Patrick G.L., An Introduction to Medicinal Chemistry, Oxford University Press.
2. Perun T.J. and Propst C.L., Computer-aided Drug Design Methods and Applications, Saurabh
Prakashan Pvt.Ltd., New Delhi.
3. Veerapandian P., Structure-based Drug Design, Sirohi Brothers Pvt. Ltd., Noida.
4. Burger A., A Guide to the Chemical Basis of Drug Design, A Wiley Interscience Publication
(John Wiley & Sons), New York.
5. Wermuth C.G., The Practice of Medicinal Chemistry, Elsevier.
6. Purcell W.P., Bass G.E., Clayton J.M., Strategy of Drug Design: A Guide to Biological
Activity, Pharmamed Press, Hyderabad.
7. Nogrady T., Medicinal Chemistry: A Biochemical Approach, Oxford University Press,
NewYork.
8. Abraham D.J., Burger’s Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery, John Wiley and Sons Inc.,
New York.
9. Ananda Kumar T.D., Elementary Pharmacoinformatics, PharmaMed Press, Hyderabad.
BOP-485 (B)
GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICES
Unit I
Introduction to good manufacturing practices (GMP), good clinical practices (GCP) and good
laboratory practices (GLP). Schedule M.
Standard operating procedure (SOP): Introduction, preparation, validation and revision.
Unit II
Documentation: Protocols, forms and maintenance of records in pharmaceutical industry,
preparation of document for investigational new drug (IND), new drug application (NDA),
abbreviated new drug application (ANDA) and export registration.
Unit III
Introduction to 21-Code of federal regulations. Current good manufacturing practices (c-GMP)
guidelines according to United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA), difference
between GMP and c-GMP.
Unit IV
Pharmaceutical product recall: Recall classification, strategy for effective recall, FDA requested
recall, firm initiated recall, recall status reports, termination of recall.
Introduction to finished product reprocessing and salvaging.
Unit V
Sampling: Introduction, WHO guidelines, sampling plans and techniques, operating
characteristics curves, maintenance of sampling records of finished product and packaging
material.
BOP-485P (B)
GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICES PROJECT
1. Study the steps to generate SOP.
2. Generation and validation of SOP for Autoclave.
3. Generation and validation of SOP for Dissolution apparatus.
4. Generation and validation of SOP for Centrifuge.
5. Generation and validation of SOP for Balance (electronic and dispensing).
6. Generation and validation of SOP for Cleaning.
7. Generation and validation of SOP for Hot air oven.
8. Generation and validation of SOP for Disintegration apparatus.
9. Generation and validation of SOP for Friability apparatus.
10. Generation and validation of SOP for Incubator.
11. Generation of Master formula record.
12. Generation of Batch formula record.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Willing, Tuckerman and Hitchings, Good Manufacturing Practices for Pharmaceuticals,
Marcel Dekker, New York.
2. Garfield, Quality Assurance Principles for Analytical Laboratories, Published by Oxford
University Press, USA.
3. Potdar M. A., Current Good Manufacturing Practices for Pharmaceuticals. PharmaMed Press,
Hyderabad.
4. Loftus and Nash, Pharmaceutical Process Validation, Taylor & Francis, New York.
5. Florey, Analytical Profile of Drugs (All volumes), Academic Press, United States.
6. Indian Pharmacopoeia.
7. United States Pharmacopoeia.
8. British Pharmacopoeia.
BOP-485 (C)
CLINICAL PHARMACY
Unit I
Introduction to clinical pharmacy: Definition, development and scope of clinical pharmacy.
Variability in human response to drugs and influence of disease processes: Drug handling and
prescribing in the elderly, infants and children. Drug usage in pregnancy and in breast-feeding
women. Prescribing for patients with renal or hepatic disease. Pharmacogenetics: implications for altered or unusual drug handling. Pharmacoepidemiology.
Unit II
Data analysis and compiling: The patient’s case history, communication skills including patient
medication history interview, patient counseling. Pharmacoeconomics.
Medical writing: Regulatory and educational medical writing.
Literature review and meta-analysis: Process, methods and application, research, report and paper /
thesis writing.
Pharmacovigilance programme of India (PvPI) and Geneva (UPSALA).
Unit III
Daily activities of clinical pharmacists: Drug therapy monitoring (medication chart view, clinical
review), therapeutic drug monitoring, ward round participation, drug utilization evaluation/ review
(DUE)/ (DUR). Quality assurance of clinical pharmacy services.
Unit IV
Research design and conduct of clinical trials: Research support including planning and
execution of clinical trials. Schedule Y, GLP, GCP and ICH Guidelines, trial master file and
ethical requirements. Various phases of clinical trials. Categories of Phase IV studies.
Bioavailability (BA) and bioequivalence (BE) studies and the estimation with the help of plasmaconcentration profile curve. Statistical analysis plan (SAP) and its importance in clinical research.
Unit V
Data collection and biostatistical analysis: Statistical principles underlying clinical trials, data
handling and role of biostatistician.
Sample size calculation, types of variables, Type I error and type II errors, application of
parametric and non-parametric tests, confidence intervals, outliers. Data analysis with the help of bio-statistical software.
BOP-485P (C)
CLINICAL PHARMACY PROJECT
Epidemiological survey and comparison of prescribed therapeutic agents/diagnostic reports on
different diseases such as- Cardiovascular disorders, central nervous system disorders, gastro
intestinal tract disorders, hormonal disorders, pathogenic diseases.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Scott L.T., Basic skills in interpreting laboratory data, American Society of Health System
Pharmacists Inc., USA.
2. Rowland and Tozer, Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Williams and Wilkins Publication,
Philadelphia, USA.
3. Shargel L., Biopharmaceutics and Applied Pharmacokinetics, Prentice Hall publication, New
Delhi.
4. Parthasarthi G., Nyfort-Hansen K. and Nahata M.C., A Text book of Clinical Pharmacy
Practice-Essential Concepts and Skills, Orient Longman, Chennai.
5. Colledge N.R., Walker B. R. and Stuart H., Ralston Davisson’s Principles and Practice of
Medicine, ELBS/Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, U.K.
6. Herfindal E.T. and Hirashman J.L., Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics Williams and Wilkins,
Philadelphia, USA.
7. Wagner J.G., Pharmacokinetics for the Pharmaceutical Scientist, Technomic Publishing A G
Basel, Switzerland.
8. Katzung B., Masters S. and Trevor A., Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, McGraw Hill
Professional, U.K.
9. Spilker B. and Schoenfelder J., Data Collection Forms in Clinical Trials, Raven Press, New
York.
10. Roger and Walker; Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Churchill, Livingston, London.
11. Stockley I.H., Drug interactions, Pharmaceutical Press, London.
12. Ravishankar K., Kiranmayi G.V.N., Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapeutics, PharmaMed
Press, Hyderabad.
BOP-485 (D)
STANDARDIZATION OF HERBAL DRUGS
Unit I
Commerce and quality control of natural medicinal plants products, organoleptic, microscopical,
physical and chemical evaluation of crude drugs.
Unit II
Standardization of plant material as per WHO guidelines.
Unit III
Methods of extraction and modern techniques for the isolation, purification, separation estimation
and characterization of active plant constituents.
Unit IV
Analysis of official formulations derived from crude drugs, including some ayurvedic preparations.
Unit V
General methods of screening of natural products for following biological activity:
a) Anti-inflammatory b) Hypoglycaemic c) Antibacterial
d) Antifertility e) Psychopharmacological.
BOP-485P (D)
STANDARDIZATION OF HERBAL DRUGS PROJECT
Projects based on :
1. Standardization of Ayurvedic liquid formulations on the basis of the following parametersviscosity, pH, loss on drying, foaming index, chromatography.
2. Standardization of Ayurvedic powdered formulations on the basis of following parametersextractable matter by using various solvents, ash value, stomatal and stomatal index, trichomes
and their types, loss on drying, foaming index, fiber content, chromatography.
3. Stability studies of herbal products as per WHO guidelines.
BOOK RECOMMENDED
1. Trease, G.E., and Evans, W.C., Pharmacognosy, Bailliere Tindall East Baorne, U.K.
2. Tyler V.E., Lynnr B. and Robbers J.E., Pharmacognosy, 8th Edition, Lea & Febiger,
Philadelphia.
3. Harborne J.B., Phytochemical Methods, Chapman & Hall International Edition, London.
4. Pharmacoepial Standards for Ayurvedic Formulations, CCRAS, Delhi.
5. Dhavan B.N. and Srimal R.C., The Use of Pharmacological Techniques for Evaluation of
Natural Products. CDRI, Lucknow.
6. Brain K.R. and Turner T.D, The Practical Evaluation of Phytopharmaceuticals, Wright, Bristol.
7. Peach K. and Tracey MV, Modern Methods of Plant Analysis, Springer, Berlin.
17. Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia, Vol. I & II, ICMR & RRL, Jammu.
8. Chaudhary. R.D., Herbal Drug Industry, Eastern Publisher, New Delhi.
9. Deore S.L., Khadabadi S.S., Baviskar B.A., Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry: A
Comprehensive Approach, PharmaMed Press, Hyderabad.
10. Nadkarni A.K., Indian Materia Medica, Vol- 1&2, Popular Prakashan (P) Ltd., Bombay.
11. Sukh Dev, A Selection of Prime Ayurvedic Plant Drugs, Anamaya Publisher New Delhi.
12. Indian Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia, Govt. of India.
13. The Wealth of India, Raw Materials (All volumes), Council of Scientific & Industrial
Research, New Delhi.
14. Mukherjee P.K., Quality Control of Herbal Drugs, Business Horizones Pharmaceutical
Publisher, New Delhi.
BOP-485 (E)
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Unit I
Fundamentals of research: Meaning and objective of research, types of research (basic, applied
and patent oriented), defining research problem, research design including various methods,
research process and steps involved.
Literature survey and documentation: Methods of literature survey, use of library, books,
journals, e-journals, thesis, chemical abstracts and patent database, importance of documentation,
documentation techniques, use of computer programs/packages (online resources such as-scientific
search engines and online servers) in literature survey and documentation.
Unit II
Data collection and data analysis: Execution of the research, observation and collection of data,
types of data (primary and secondary), methods of data collection, sample size, sampling
procedure and methods. Data processing and analysis strategies. Research hypothesis
(experimental and non-experimental), hypothesis testing (parametric and non-parametric tests),
types of errors and their control, generalization and interpretation of results. Use of statistical
softwares/ packages in data analysis (SPSS, Graph Pad Prism).
Unit III
Technical writing and reporting of research: Types of research report: Dissertation and thesis,
research paper, review article, short communication, conference presentation, meeting report etc.
Structure and organization of research reports: Title, abstract, key words, introduction,
methodology, results, discussion, conclusion, acknowledgement, references, footnotes, tables and illustrations. Use of reference managing softwares (such as- MENDELEY, ENDNOTE). Impact
factor, rating, indexing and citation of journals.
Detailed study of ‘Instruction to Authors’ of any ACS or ScienceDirect journal, a thorough
understanding of steps involved in submitting articles electronically to any ACS or ScienceDirect
journal (registration, new article submission, tracking process, submitting revised articles).
Unit IV
Research ethics, ethical consideration during animal experimentation including CPCSEA
guidelines, impact of research on environment and society, commercialization of research,
intellectual ownership, plagiarism and use of plagiarism detection softwares such as TURNITIN,
VIPER etc., responsibility and accountability of the researchers. Academia-Industry interface and
research.
Project cost management: Cost analysis of the project, cost incurred on raw materials, procedure,
instrumentation and biological testing.
Unit V
Funding agencies and research grants: Introduction to various research funding agencies such
as-DST, DBT, AICTE, UGC, CSIR, ICMR, AAYUSH, and DRDO along with their functions in
India. Writing a research project and procurement of research grant.
BOP-485P (E)
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY PROJECT
Projects based on -
1. Literature survey, data collection, formulation and testing of hypothesis, interpretation of
results on a particular research project.
2. Use of statistical packages/ programs (such as SPSS, Graph Pad Prism) in data analysis.
3. Collection, compilation and execution of computational programs for research benefits.
4. Manuscript preparation, communication and follow-up of a research paper/review article.
5. Writing a research project for the procurement of research grant/travel grant from any funding
agency.
6. Preparation and presentation of a research report (Oral and Poster presentations using
Microsoft PowerPoint Package, Microsoft Publisher etc.).
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Kothari C.R., Research Methodology Methods and Techniques, 2nd Edition, Wishwa
Prakashan, New Delhi.
2. Lokesh K., Methodology of Educational research, 3rd revised Edition,Vikash Publishing
House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
3. Kumar R., Research Methodology, 2nd Edition, Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd., New
Delhi.
4. Rao G.N., Research Methodology and Qualitative Methods, B.S. Publications, Hyderabad.
5. Saunders M., Lewis P.and Thornhill A., Research Methods for Business Students,3rdEdition,
Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
6. Bolton S. and Bon C., Pharmaceutical Statistics: Practical and Clinical Applications, 4th
edition, Marcel Dekker, New York.
7. Matad V., Anusuya D., Medicomarketing Writing, PharmaMed Press, Hyderabad.
8. Garg, B.L., Karadia, R., Agarwal, F. and Agarwal, U.K., 2002. An introduction to
Research Methodology, RBSA Publishers.
BOP-486P
Report on Industrial/ Research Laboratory Visit
Visit of students to an industrial establishment or an approved research laboratory. The industrial/
research laboratory visit shall include: in case of industry- visit to different sections and
subsections of the industry, an idea about the functioning of the industry, product range of the
industry and various approvals of the industry; in case of research laboratory- visit to different
departments of the laboratory, an idea about the interdisciplinary coordination, contribution of the
laboratory to the society and various approvals of the laboratory. A proper report of the same
shall be submitted by the students, which shall be subsequently evaluated to assess the impact of
the visit.
May be performed at the end of the 7th semester.

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B Pharm Pharmacy 1st Semester Notes

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B Pharma Pharmacy 2nd Semester Notes

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B Pharma Pharmacy 1st Semester Syllabus

B Pharma Pharmacy 1st Semester Syllabus

Syllabus

FIRST SEMESTER

RPH-101

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-I

Unit I

Unit II

Unit III

Unit IV

Unit V

RPH-101P

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-I

PRACTICAL

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

RPH-102/RPH-202

PHARMACEUTICS-I

(GENERAL PHARMACY)

Unit I

Unit II

Unit III

Unit IV

Unit V

RPH-102P/RPH-202P

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