• Ginkgo biloba versus placebo in people with cognitive symptoms of dementia New evidence added, including one Cochrane systematic review amended. Categorisation changed from Unlikely to be beneficial to Unknown effectiveness.
• Memantine versus placebo in people with cognitive symptoms of dementia New evidence added. Categorisation changed from Unknown Effectiveness to Likely to be beneficial.
• Antidepressants (clomipramine, fluoxetine, imipramine, sertraline) versus placebo in people with depression and dementia New evidence added. Categorisation changed from Likely to be be beneficial to Unknown effectiveness.

New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:

• Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine) versus placebo in people with cognitive symptoms of dementia New evidence added including one updated Cochrane systematic review. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
• Non-pharmacological interventions (cognitive stimulation, music therapy, reminiscence therapy) versus placebo in people with cognitive symptoms of dementia New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), as there remains insufficient evidence to judge the effectiveness of this intervention.
• Omega 3 (fish oil) versus placebo in people with cognitive symptoms of dementia New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), as there remains insufficient evidence to judge the effectiveness of this intervention.
• Statins versus placebo in people with cognitive symptoms of dementia New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), as there remains insufficient evidence to judge the effectiveness of this intervention.
• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) versus placebo in people with cognitive symptoms of dementia New data added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), as there remains insufficient evidence to judge the effectiveness of this intervention.
• Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine) versus placebo in people with behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
• Antipsychotic medications (haloperidol, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone) versus placebo in people with behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Trade-off between benefits and harms).
• Memantine versus placebo in people with behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
• Non-pharmacological interventions (aromatherapy, CBT, exercise) versus placebo in people with behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), as there remains insufficient evidence to judge the effectiveness of this intervention.

New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:

• Tympanoplasty with or without mastoidectomy in adults New evidence added. Conclusions unchanged (Unknown effectiveness).
• Antibiotics (topical) in children New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness) as there remains insufficient good-quality evidence to assess the effects of topical antibiotics in children with chronic suppurative otitis media.
• Antibiotics (topical) plus corticosteroids (topical) in children New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness).
]]> 06 July 2012 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/0300/overview.html New option(s) added for:

New evidence; conclusions changed for:

• Ipratropium bromide (inhaled) added to beta2 agonists New evidence added and option restructured. Existing evidence re-evaluated. Categorised as Beneficial.

New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:

• Beta2 agonists (high-dose inhaled) Search updated for one already included systematic review comparing continuous versus intermittent nebulised beta2 agonist administration; no new studies found. Search updated for another already included systematic review comparing a spacer/holding chamber attached to a metered-dose inhaler versus nebuliser for delivery of beta2 agonists; new evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• Corticosteroids (systemic) Search updated for already included systematic review comparing high-dose nebulised corticosteroid versus oral corticosteroids; new evidence added. New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• Corticosteroids (high-dose inhaled) Search updated for already included systematic review; new evidence added. New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• Theophylline (intravenous) Search updated for already included systematic review; no new evidence added. New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial)
]]> 28 June 2012 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/1007/overview.html New option(s) added for:

New evidence; conclusions changed for:

• Clozapine versus first-generation antipsychotic drugs (treatment-resistant disease) One systematic review updated. Categorisation changed from Beneficial to Trade-off between benefits and harms.
• Clozapine versus other second-generation antipsychotic drugs (treatment-resistant disease) New evidence added. Categorisation changed from Unknown effectiveness to Trade-off between benefits and harms.
• Behavioural therapy New evidence added. Categorisation changed from Likely to be beneficial to Unknown effectiveness, as there remains insufficient good-quality evidence to assess the effects of behavioural therapy in people with schizophrenia.
• Psychoeducational interventions New evidence added. Categorisation changed from Likely to be beneficial to Unknown effectiveness, as there is insufficient good-quality evidence to assess the effects of psychoeducational interventions in people with schizophrenia.

New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:

• Amisulpride New evidence added. Categorised as Trade-off between benefits and harms.
• Chlorpromazine New evidence added. Categorised as Trade-off between benefits and harms.
• Clozapine New evidence added. Categorised as Trade-off between benefits and harms.
• Depot haloperidol decanoate New evidence added. Categorised as Unknown effectiveness as there remains insufficient good-quality evidence to assess the effects of depot haloperidol in people with schizophrenia.
• Haloperidol New evidence added. Categorised as Trade-off between benefits and harms
• Olanzapine New evidence added. Categorised as Trade-off between benefits and harms.
• Pimozide New evidence added. Categorised as Trade-off between benefits and harms.
• Quetiapine New evidence added. Categorised as Trade-off between benefits and harms.
• Risperidone New evidence added. Categorised as Trade-off between benefits and harms.
• Sulpiride New evidence added. Categorised as Unknown effectiveness.
• Ziprasidone New evidence added. Categorised as Trade-off between benefits and harms.
• Zotepine New evidence added. Categorised as Trade-off between benefits and harms.
• Aripiprazole New evidence added. Categorised as Trade-off between benefits and harms.
• Second-generation antipsychotics (other than clozapine) versus first-generation antipsychotics (treatment-resistant disease) New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), as there remains insufficient good-quality evidence.
• Second-generation antipsychotics (other than clozapine) versus each other (treatment-resistant disease) New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), as there remains insufficient good-quality evidence.
• Compliance therapy New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), as there remains insufficient good-quality evidence to assess the effects of compliance therapy in people with schizophrenia.
]]> 28 March 2012 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/0608/overview.html New evidence; conclusions changed for:
• Angiotensin II receptor antagonists New evidence added. Categorisation changed from Likely to be beneficial to Unknown effectiveness.

New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:

• Less aggressive (higher) blood pressure targets versus more aggressive (lower) targets New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
]]> 14 March 2012 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/0817/overview.html New evidence; conclusions changed for:
• Posterior colporrhaphy with mesh versus posterior colporrhaphy without mesh reinforcement in women with posterior vaginal wall prolapse New evidence added, including one updated Cochrane systematic review, which added no new trials. Categorisation changed from Unlikely to be beneficial to Unknown Effectiveness.

New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:

• Vaginal oestrogen One Cochrane systematic review added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), as there remains insufficient evidence to assess the effectiveness of this intervention.
• Traditional anterior colporrhaphy versus abdominal Burch colposuspension in women with anterior vaginal wall prolapse One systematic review updated, new data added. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• Anterior colporrhaphy with mesh reinforcement versus traditional anterior colporrhaphy in women with anterior vaginal wall prolapse New evidence added, and one Cochrane systematic review updated. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• Abdominal sacral colpopexy versus sacrospinous colpopexy One Cochrane systematic review updated. New data added. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• Different types of suture versus each other One systematic review updated. New data added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness).
]]> 20 February 2012 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/1304/overview.html New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:
• Antifungal prophylaxis in adults having chemotherapy or radiotherapy One systematic review updated, no new data added. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• Antifungal treatment in adults having chemotherapy or radiotherapy One systematic review updated. New data added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), as there remains insufficient evidence to judge the effectiveness of this intervention.
• Denture hygiene New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), as there remains insufficient evidence to judge the effectiveness of this intervention.
• Antifungal prophylaxis in people with HIV infection One systematic review updated. New data added. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• Antifungal treatment in people with HIV infection New evidence added, including one systematic review updated. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• Continuous antifungal prophylaxis versus intermittent antifungal treatment One systematic review updated, new data added. Categorisation of "Intermittent treatment in people with HIV infection and acute episodes of oropharyngeal candidiasis (no reduction in antifungal resistance compared with continuous prophylaxis)" unchanged (Unlikely to be beneficial).
]]> 20 February 2012 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/1201/overview.html New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:
• Carbamazepine for generalised epilepsy New evidence added, which did not present a separate analysis in people with generalised epilepsy. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial by consensus).
• Phenytoin for generalised epilepsy New evidence added, which did not present a separate analysis in people with generalised epilepsy. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial by consensus).
• Addition of second-line antiepileptics New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
]]> 20 February 2012 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/0704/overview.html New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:
• Empirical treatment with topical antibiotics in people with suspected bacterial conjunctivitis New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
]]> 10 February 2012 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/1202/overview.html New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:
• Intravenous immunoglobulin in people with relapsing and remitting or secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis One systematic review updated. New data added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness) as there remains insufficient evidence to judge the effectiveness of this intervention.
• Exercise New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), as there remains insufficient evidence to judge the effectiveness of this intervention.
• Outpatient rehabilitation New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), as there remains insufficient evidence to judge the effectiveness of this intervention.
]]> 10 February 2012 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/1406/overview.html New evidence; conclusions changed for:
• Salpingotomy New evidence added. Existing evidence re-assessed. Categorisation changed (from Unknown effectiveness to Likely to be beneficial by consensus).

New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:

• Methotrexate (systemic, parenteral) New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
• Methotrexate plus mifepristone New evidence added.Categorisation unchanged (Unlikely to be beneficial).
• Methotrexate (systemic prophylactic) following salpingotomy New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
]]> 03 February 2012 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/0506/overview.html New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:
• Antidepressant drugs for tinnitus New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), as there remains insufficient evidence to judge the effectiveness of this intervention.
• Benzodiazepines New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), as there remains insufficient evidence to judge the effectiveness of this intervention.
• Ginkgo biloba One systematic review updated, no new data added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), as there remains insufficient evidence to judge the effectiveness of this intervention.
• Psychotherapy One Cochrane systematic review updated, new data added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), as there remains insufficient evidence to judge the effectiveness of this intervention.
]]> 18 January 2012 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/1004/overview.html New option(s) added for:

New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:

• Behavioural therapy in adults New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
• Cognitive therapy or CBT in adults New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
• SRIs (SSRIs and clomipramine) in adults New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• Behavioural therapy in children and adolescents New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), because new evidence is insufficient to adequately assess the effects of behavioural therapy in children and adolescents.
• Cognitive therapy or CBT in children and adolescents New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• SRIs (SSRIs and clomipramine) in children and adolescents Search updated for already included systematic review, but no new evidence found. New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Trade-off between benefits and harms).
• Behavioural therapy or cognitive therapy plus SRIs in children and adolescents Search date updated for already included systematic review, but no new evidence found. Categorisation unchanged (Trade-off between benefits and harms).
• Optimum duration of maintenance treatment with SRIs in adults New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness) because evidence remains insufficient to adequately assess the effects of this intervention.
• Addition of antipsychotics to SRIs (SSRIs and clomipramine) in adults New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
]]> 18 January 2012 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/0805/overview.html New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:
• Tranexamic acid New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• Contraceptives (combined oral) New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), as there remains insufficient good-quality evidence to assess the effects of combined oral contraceptives in women with menorrhagia.
• Progestogens (intrauterine) New evidence added and one review updated. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), as there remains insufficient good-quality evidence to assess the effects of intrauterine progestogens in women with menorrhagia.
• Hysterectomy New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• Endometrial destruction New evidence added. Two systematic reviews updated. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
]]> 18 January 2012 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/0302/overview.html New option(s) added for:

New evidence; conclusions changed for:

• Long-acting beta2 agonists New evidence added. Categorisation changed (from Trade-off between benefits and harms to Likely to be ineffective or harmful).
• Addition of long-acting beta2 agonist New evidence added. Categorisation changed (from Unknown effectiveness to Likely to be beneficial).
• Addition of oral leukotriene receptor antagonists New evidence added, which identified no new RCTs. New evidence added. Existing evidence re-evaluated and categorisation changed (from Unknown effectiveness to Likely to be beneficial by consensus).

New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:

• Corticosteroids (inhaled) New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• Leukotriene receptor antagonists (oral) New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
• Increased dose of inhaled corticosteroid New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness) because evidence remains insufficient to assess the effects of this intervention.
]]> 06 January 2012 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/0410/overview.html New evidence; conclusions changed for:
• Soluble fibre supplementation New evidence added. Categorisation changed (from Likely to be beneficial to Unknown effectiveness) as the new evidence we found reached different conclusions to that previously reported, meaning that we could no longer draw conclusions about the effects of soluble fibre in people with irritable bowel syndrome.

New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:

• Antidepressants New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
• Antispasmodics New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
• Insoluble fibre supplementation New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness) as there remains insufficient good-quality evidence on the effects of insoluble fibre in people with IBS.
• CBT New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
]]> 21 December 2011 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/1902/overview.html New evidence; conclusions changed for:
• Compression stockings versus compression bandages New evidence added. Categorisation changed (from Beneficial to Likely to be beneficial).

New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:

• Compression bandages and stockings versus no compression One systematic review updated. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• Multilayer elastomeric high-compression regimens versus other layered regimens One systematic review updated. New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• Multilayer elastomeric high-compression bandages versus short-stretch bandages or Unna's boot One systematic review updated. New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• Debriding agents New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness) as there remains insufficient evidence to assess the effects of debriding agents in people with venous leg ulcers.
• Foam, film, hyaluronic acid-derived dressings, collagen, cellulose, or alginate (semi-occlusive) dressings New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness) as there remains insufficient evidence to assess the effects of semi-occlusive dressings in people with venous leg ulcers.
• Intermittent pneumatic compression One systematic review updated. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness) as there remains insufficient evidence to assess the effects of intermittent pneumatic compression in people with venous leg ulcers.
• Antimicrobial agents (topical) New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness) as there remains insufficient good-quality evidence to assess the effects of antimicrobial agents in people with venous leg ulcers.
• Cultured allogenic bilayer skin replacement One systematic review updated. New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
• Flavonoids (oral) New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
• Larval therapy New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unlikely to be beneficial).
• Laser treatment (low-level) One systematic review updated, no new evidence added. New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness) as there remains insufficient good-quality evidence to assess the effects of low-level laser therapy in people with venous leg ulcers.
• Skin grafting One systematic review updated. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness) as there remains insufficient evidence to assess the effects of skin grafting for people with venous leg ulcers.
• Superficial vein surgery New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness) as there remains insufficient good-quality evidence to assess the use of superficial vein surgery to treat venous leg ulcers.
• Therapeutic ultrasound New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness) as there remains insufficient evidence to assess the effects of ultrasound in people with venous leg ulcers.
• Leg ulcer clinics New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness) as there remains insufficient good-quality evidence to assess leg ulcer clinics for people with venous leg ulcers.
]]> 21 December 2011 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/0417/overview.html New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:
• Pancreatic enzyme supplements New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
• Resection using pancreaticoduodenectomy (Kausch–Whipple or pylorus-preserving) in people with more severe disease limited to the head of the pancreas New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Trade-off between benefits and harms).
]]> 02 December 2011 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/0411/overview.html New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:
• Early cholecystectomy New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• Laparoscopic cholecystectomy Two Cochrane systematic reviews added. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• Open cholecystectomy New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Trade-off between benefits and harms).
• Minilaparoscopic cholecystectomy New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness).
]]> 02 December 2011 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/0511/overview.html New evidence; conclusions changed for:
• Cephalosporins or macrolides One Cochrane systematic review updated. New evidence added. Categorisation changed from Likely to be beneficial to Unknown effectiveness.
• Amoxicillin or amoxicillin–clavulanic acid (co-amoxiclav) One Cochrane systematic review updated. New evidence added. Categorisation changed from Trade-off between benefits and harms to Unlikely to be beneficial.

New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:

• Corticosteroids (intranasal) (in addition to oral antibiotics) for radiologically or bacteriologically confirmed acute sinusitis One Cochrane systematic review updated. New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
]]> 10 November 2011 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/2003/overview.html New evidence; conclusions changed for:
• Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) in people with asymptomatic renal or ureteric stones New evidence added. Categorisation changed from Unknown Effectiveness to Likely to be beneficial.
• Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in people with asymptomatic renal or ureteric stones New evidence added. Categorisation changed from Unknown effectiveness to Likely to be beneficial.
• Ureteroscopy in people with mid- and distal symptomatic ureteric stones New evidence added. Categorisation changed from Trade-off between benefits and harms to Likely to be beneficial.
• Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) in people with symptomatic proximal ureteric stones New evidence added. Categorisation changed from Unknown effectiveness to Likely to be beneficial.
• Ureteroscopy in people with symptomatic proximal ureteric stones New evidence added. Categorisation changed from Unknown effectiveness to Likely to be beneficial.
• Antispasmodic agents in people with acute renal colic New evidence added. Categorisation changed from Unlikely to be beneficial to Unknown effectiveness as there is insufficient evidence to judge the effects of this intervention.

New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:

• Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in people with symptomatic renal stones New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
• Alpha-blockers in people with symptomatic ureteric stones New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
]]> 10 November 2011 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/0217/overview.html New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:
• Rhythm control versus rate control New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Trade-off between benefits and harms).
]]> 27 October 2011 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/1002/overview.html New evidence; conclusions changed for:
• Antidepressants in adults New evidence added. Categorisation changed from Likely to be beneficial to Beneficial.

New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:

• CBT in adults New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• Applied relaxation in adults New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
• Benzodiazepines in adults New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Trade-off between benefits and harms).
• Hydroxyzine in adults New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
• Antipsychotics in adults New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Trade-off between benefits and harms).
• Pregabalin in adults New evidence added.
• CBT in children and adolescents New evidence added.Categorisation unchanged (Beneficial).
• Antidepressants in children and adolescents New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Trade-off between benefits and harms).
]]> 21 October 2011 http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/0911/overview.html New evidence; conclusion confirmed for:
• Vaccines in adults Two already included Cochrane systematic reviews updatedand new evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
• Vaccines in children New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Likely to be beneficial).
• Vaccines in older people One already included Cochrane systematic review updated. New evidence added. Categorisation unchanged (Unknown effectiveness), as there remains insufficient evidence to judge the effectiveness of this intervention.
]]>