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/*# sourceURL=https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/plugins/carousel-block/build/carousel/style-index.css */
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/*# sourceURL=https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/plugins/filebird-pro/blocks/filebird-gallery/build/style-index.css */
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/*# sourceURL=https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/plugins/simple-social-icons/build/style-index.css */
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const giftPurchaseCompleteRedirectUrl = new URL(contentSiteOrigin + "thank-you-donor");

const upsellDivBeforeBlock = `
    <div style="text-align:center; font-size:20px; padding-bottom:20px;">
        <div style="padding:20px;">Already have an account? <a onclick="checkAccess()">Log in</a></div>
        <div
            style="border-top:3px solid #e3140c; border-bottom:3px solid #e3140c; background:#f5f4f0; padding:20px 60px;">
            <div style="font-size:50px; font-weight:bold;">Continue with a free trial</div>
            <div style="font-size:30px;">Explore our independent journalism for free for one month. Cancel at any time
            </div>`

const upsellDivAfterBlock = `
            <!--div style="padding: 40px;"><a href="${contentSiteOrigin}free-1-month-trial-digital-subscription-to-geographical"
                                           style="background: #1f2e79; color: white; padding:10px 40px; border-radius:15px;">Free
                trial</a></div-->
        </div>
    </div>
    `;

const entryContentHiddenStyle = `
    overflow: hidden;
    max-height: 1200px;
    --mask: linear-gradient(to bottom,
    rgba(0,0,0, 70%) 0, rgba(0,0,0, 40%) 50%,
    rgba(0,0,0, 0) 95%
    ) 100% 50% / 100% 100% repeat-x;
    -webkit-mask: var(--mask);
    mask: var(--mask);
    `;

function setStylesWithUpsell(hasPaid) {
    if (hasPaid) {
        return;
    }

    Array.from(document.getElementsByTagName("A"))
        .filter(tag => tag.href === contentSiteOrigin + "articles/premium")
        .forEach(tag => {
            // console.log(tag);
            const article = tag.parentElement.parentElement.parentElement.parentElement;
            if (article?.tagName !== "ARTICLE") {
                console.log("article not found", article);
                return;
            }
            const header = article.firstChild;
            if (header?.tagName !== "HEADER") {
                console.log("header not found", header);
                return;
            }
            const afterHeader = header.nextSibling;
            console.log(afterHeader);

            if (afterHeader?.className !== "entry-content") {
                return;
            }
            afterHeader.style.cssText = entryContentHiddenStyle;
        
            const blockId = subscriptionBlockId++;
            checkSubscriptionCountry(blockId); 
          afterHeader.insertAdjacentHTML("beforebegin", upsellDivBeforeBlock + getSubscriptionHtml(true, blockId) + upsellDivAfterBlock);

            if (subscriptionCountry) {
                selectSubscriptionCountry(blockId, subscriptionCountry);
            }
        });
}


function getSubscriptionHtml(inArticle, blockId) {
    return `<div class="subscription-block">
<div class="subscription-country-row">
<div class="subscription-country-row-spacer">Choose your region:</div>
<select id="subscription-country-${blockId}" class="subscription-country-row-select" onChange="selectSubscriptionCountry(${blockId}, this.value)">
${subscriptionCountries.map(country =>
        ("<option value=\""
            + country.CODE + "\""
            + ((country.CODE === subscriptionCountry || (!subscriptionCountry && country.CODE === "GB")) ? " selected" : "")
            + ">" + country.NAME + "</option>")).join()}
</select>
</div>

<div class="subscription-type-row">
<div class="subscription-type-row-spacer"></div>

${inArticle?``:`<div class="subscription-type" id="subscription-type-p-${blockId}" onclick="selectSubscriptionType(${blockId},'p')">
<label class ="subs-heading">Print only</label>
<br>
<label class ="subs-subheading">Special delivery</label>
<br>
<img src="https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/Geographical-Magazine.webp" style="height:120px;">
<br>
<div class="subs-button">
From <label class="subscription-type-price" id="subscription-price-from-p-${blockId}">xxxx</label> per month
</div>
<label class ="subs-nocommit">Paid annually, cancel any time</label>
<br>
</div>`}

<div class="subscription-type" id="subscription-type-pd-${blockId}" onclick="selectSubscriptionType(${blockId},'pd')">
<label class ="subs-heading">Print and Digital</label>
<br>
<label class ="subs-subheading">Best of Both</label>
<br>
<div class="subs-image">
<img src="https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/geo-sidebar-subscribe.jpg" style="max-height:120px;">
</div>
<br>
<div class="subs-button">From
<label class="subscription-type-price" id="subscription-price-from-pd-${blockId}">xxxx</label> per month
</div>
<label class ="subs-nocommit">Paid annually, cancel any time</label>
<br>
</div>

<div class="subscription-type" id="subscription-type-d-${blockId}" onclick="selectSubscriptionType(${blockId},'d')">
<label class ="subs-heading">Digital Only</label>
<br>
<label class ="subs-subheading">Smart reading</label>
<br>
<div class="subs-image">
<img src="https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/geo-subs-digital-only-lo.jpg" style="height:120px;">
</div>
<br>
<div class="subs-button">From
<label class="subscription-type-price" id="subscription-price-from-d-${blockId}"> xxxx</label> per month
</div>
<label class ="subs-nocommit">Paid annually, cancel any time</label>
<br>
</div>

<div class="subscription-type-row-spacer"></div>
</div>

<div id="subscription-period-row-${blockId}" class="subscription-period-row">
<div class="subscription-period-row-spacer"></div>

<div class="subscription-period" id="subscription-period-12-${blockId}" onclick="selectSubscriptionPeriodGift(${blockId},'12','')">
Annual<br>
<label class="subscription-period-price" id="subscription-period-12-price-${blockId}">xxxx</label><br>yearly
</div>

<div class="subscription-period" id="subscription-period-3-${blockId}" onclick="selectSubscriptionPeriodGift(${blockId},'3','')">
Quarterly<br>
<label class="subscription-period-price" id="subscription-period-3-price-${blockId}">xxxx</label><br>quarterly
</div>

<div class="subscription-period" id="subscription-period-1-${blockId}" onclick="selectSubscriptionPeriodGift(${blockId},'1','')">
Monthly<br>
<label class="subscription-period-price" id="subscription-period-1-price-${blockId}">xxxx</label><br>monthly
</div>

<div class="subscription-gift" id="subscription-gift-${blockId}" onclick="selectSubscriptionPeriodGift(${blockId},'12','gift')">
Gift<br>
<label class="subscription-period-price" id="subscription-gift-price-${blockId}">xxxx</label><br>yearly
</div>

<div class="subscription-period-row-spacer"></div>
</div>

<div id="subscription-upsell-row-${blockId}" class="subscription-upsell-row">
<div class="subscription-upsell-row-spacer"></div>

<div class="subscription-upsell-annual" id="subscription-upsell-annual-${blockId}" onclick="selectUpsell(${blockId},'upsell-annual')">
Upgrade Annual<br>
<label class="subscription-upsell-price" id="subscription-upsell-annual-price-${blockId}">xxxx</label><br>yearly
</div>

<div class="subscription-upsell-pd" id="subscription-upsell-pd-${blockId}" onclick="selectUpsell(${blockId},'upsell-pd')">
Upgrade to Print & Digital<br>
<label class="subscription-upsell-price" id="subscription-upsell-pd-price-${blockId}">xxxx</label><br>

</div>

<div class="subscription-upsell-reject" id="subscription-upsell-reject-${blockId}" onclick="selectUpsell(${blockId},'')">
Don't Upgrade<br>
<label class="subscription-upsell-reject-price" id="subscription-upsell-reject-price-${blockId}">xxxx</label><br>
<label id="subscription-upsell-reject-period-${blockId}">yyy</label>
</div>

<div class="subscription-upsell-row-spacer"></div>
</div>
</div>
`
}

</script>
<!-- End New Subscription script-->

<script src="https://manage-subs.geographical.co.uk/assets/subscription-interface.js">



<!-- Google Fonts APIs -->
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com">
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin>
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Barlow+Condensed:ital,wght@0,100;0,200;0,300;0,400;0,500;0,600;0,700;0,800;0,900;1,100;1,200;1,300;1,400;1,500;1,600;1,700;1,800;1,900&family=Crimson+Pro:ital,wght@0,200..900;1,200..900&display=swap" rel="stylesheet"><meta name="generator" content="Elementor 4.0.1; features: additional_custom_breakpoints; settings: css_print_method-external, google_font-enabled, font_display-swap">
		<script type="text/javascript">
			var advadsCfpQueue = [];
			var advadsCfpAd = function( adID ) {
				if ( 'undefined' === typeof advadsProCfp ) {
					advadsCfpQueue.push( adID )
				} else {
					advadsProCfp.addElement( adID )
				}
			}
		</script>
					<style>
				.e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+4):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload),
				.e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+4):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * {
					background-image: none !important;
				}
				@media screen and (max-height: 1024px) {
					.e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+3):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload),
					.e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+3):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * {
						background-image: none !important;
					}
				}
				@media screen and (max-height: 640px) {
					.e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+2):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload),
					.e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+2):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * {
						background-image: none !important;
					}
				}
			</style>
			
<!-- Google Tag Manager snippet added by Site Kit -->
<script>
			( function( w, d, s, l, i ) {
				w[l] = w[l] || [];
				w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js'} );
				var f = d.getElementsByTagName( s )[0],
					j = d.createElement( s ), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : '';
				j.async = true;
				j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl;
				f.parentNode.insertBefore( j, f );
			} )( window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-PQVPZDG' );
			
</script>

<!-- End Google Tag Manager snippet added by Site Kit -->
<link rel="icon" href="https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/cropped-geo-browser-icon-32x32.jpg" sizes="32x32" />
<link rel="icon" href="https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/cropped-geo-browser-icon-192x192.jpg" sizes="192x192" />
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/cropped-geo-browser-icon-180x180.jpg" />
<meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/cropped-geo-browser-icon-270x270.jpg" />
<style id="kt_central_palette_gutenberg_css" type="text/css">.has-central-palette-1-color{color:#9A0831 !important}.has-central-palette-1-background-color{background-color:#9A0831 !important}.has-central-palette-2-color{color:#FFED3B !important}.has-central-palette-2-background-color{background-color:#FFED3B !important}.has-central-palette-3-color{color:#45839C !important}.has-central-palette-3-background-color{background-color:#45839C !important}.has-central-palette-4-color{color:#4B5C66 !important}.has-central-palette-4-background-color{background-color:#4B5C66 !important}.has-central-palette-5-color{color:#E6761F !important}.has-central-palette-5-background-color{background-color:#E6761F !important}.has-central-palette-6-color{color:#000000 !important}.has-central-palette-6-background-color{background-color:#000000 !important}.has-central-palette-7-color{color:#F5F5F5 !important}.has-central-palette-7-background-color{background-color:#F5F5F5 !important}.has-central-palette-8-color{color:#7A7F23 !important}.has-central-palette-8-background-color{background-color:#7A7F23 !important}.has-central-palette-9-color{color:#D5B143 !important}.has-central-palette-9-background-color{background-color:#D5B143 !important}.has-central-palette-10-color{color:#C0C0C0 !important}.has-central-palette-10-background-color{background-color:#C0C0C0 !important}
</style>
		<style id="wp-custom-css">
			/* subscription block*/

div.subscription-block {
	background: #35618f;
  color: white;
  max-width: 450px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
	border-radius: 12px;
 margin:auto;
}

div.subscription-country-row {
	display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
	justify-content: flex-end;
	align-items: flex-end;
	max-width: 100%;
}

div.subscription-country-row-spacer {
    flex-grow: 1;
    width: 100%;
}
div.subs-image {
	height:100px;
}

div.subscription-country-row-spacer {
	max-width: 50%;
  padding: 0px;
  margin: 10px 10px 0px 0px;
	border-radius: 10px;
	font-size: 1em;
	color: #fff;
	font-family:"Barlow Condensed";
	font-weight:600;
	text-align: right;
	background-color: #35618f;
	border-color: #35618f;
}

select.subscription-country-row-select {
	max-width: 55%;
  padding: 0px;
  margin: 10px 10px 0px 0px;
	border-radius: 10px;
	font-family:"Barlow Condensed";
	font-size: 1.1em;
	color: #fff;
	text-align: right;
	background-color: #657ea2;
	border-color: #35618f;
	text-align:left;
}

div.subscription-type-row {
    max-width: 100%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row;
}

div.subscription-type-row-spacer {
    flex-grow: 0;
    max-width: 20px;
}

div.subscription-type {
	flex-grow:2;
  border: 1px solid white;
  margin: 10px;
  padding: 10px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  background-color: white;
  color: black;
	font-family:"Crimson Pro";
	text-align: center;
}

/*CR subs button and hover*/
div.subs-button {
  border: 0px solid blue;
  margin: 0px;
  padding: 8px;
  border-radius: 50px;
  background-color: #9A0831;
  color: white;
  font-family:"Crimson Pro";
	text-align: center;
	position: relative;
	z-index: 10;
	}

div.subs-button:hover, div.subs-button-selected {
  box-shadow: 0 0 15px 5px rgb(154 8 49 / 40%);
	z-index:10;
}

div.subscription-type:hover {  
	box-shadow: 0 0 25px 10px rgb(255 255 255 / 40%);
}
div.subscription-type-selected{border:3px solid #9A0831}

label.subscription-type-price {
	color: white;
	font-family: "Crimson Pro";
	font-weight:900;
}

label.subs-heading {
  color: black;
	font-family: "Barlow Condensed";
	font-size:20px;
	font-weight:600;
}

label.subs-subheading {
  color: grey;
	font-family: Arial;
	font-size:16px;
	font-weight:600;
}

label.subs-nocommit {
  color: grey;
	font-family: "Crimson Pro";
	font-size:12px;
}

div.subscription-period-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  max-width: 100%
  transform: scaleY(0);
  max-height: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: transform 0.25s ease;
	text-align: center;
}

div.subscription-period-row-visible {
  transform: scaleY(1);
  max-height: none;
}

div.subscription-period-row-spacer {
  flex-grow: 1;
  width: 1px;
}

div.subscription-period {
	width: 33%;
  border: 1px solid #9A0831;
  margin: 10px;
  padding: 5px;
  border-radius: 12px;
	font-family: "Barlow Condensed";
	font-size:20px;
	font-weight:600;
  background-color: #9A0831;
  color: white;
}

div.subscription-period:hover
 {
	 box-shadow: 0 0 5px 5px rgb(255 255 255 / 40%);}
div.subscription-period-selected {
  background:crimson;
	z-index:999;
}

label.subscription-period-price {
  color: orange;
}

div.subscription-gift {
	width: 33%;
  border: 1px solid #9A0831;
  margin: 10px;
  padding: 5px;
  border-radius: 12px;
	font-family: "Barlow Condensed";
	font-size:20px;
	font-weight:600;
  background-color: #9A0831;
  color: white;
}

div.subscription-gift:hover, div.subscription-gift-selected {
	box-shadow: 0 0 5px 5px rgb(255 255 255 / 40%);
}

div.subscription-gift-hidden {
	display: none;
}

div.subscription-upsell-row {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row;
    width: 100%;
    transform: scaleY(0);
    max-height: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
	  transition: transform 0.25s ease;
}

div.subscription-upsell-row-visible {
    transform: scaleY(1);
    max-height: none;
}

div.subscription-upsell-row-spacer {
    flex-grow: 1;
    width: 1px;
}

div.subscription-upsell-annual {
	width: 45%;
	text-align: center;
  border: 1px solid #9A0831;
  margin: 25px;
  padding: 5px;
  border-radius: 12px;
	font-family: "Barlow Condensed";
	font-size:20px;
	font-weight:600;
  background-color: #9A0831;
  color: white;  
}

div.subscription-upsell-pd {
	width: 45%;
  border: 1px solid #9A0831;
	text-align: center;
  margin: 25px;
  padding: 5px;
  border-radius: 12px;
	font-family: "Barlow Condensed";
	font-size:20px;
	font-weight:600;
  background: #9A0831;
  color: white;  
}

div.subscription-upsell-hidden {
    display: none;
}

div.subscription-upsell-reject {
	width: 45%;
  border: 1px solid #9A0831;
  margin: 25px;
  padding: 5px;
  border-radius: 12px;
	font-family: "Barlow Condensed";
	font-size:20px;
	text-align: center;
	font-weight:600;
  background-color: #9A0831;
  color: white;  
}

label.subscription-upsell-price{
  color: orange;
}
label.subscription-upsell-reject-price {
  color: grey;
}
div.subscription-upsell-annual:hover, div.subscription-upsell-pd:hover, div.subscription-upsell-reject:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 0 5px 5px #FFFB;
}

div.subscription-row-hidden {
  visibility: hidden;
  height: 0;
}

@media only screen and (max-width: 812px){
	div.subscription-block {
		background: #35618f;
  	color: white;
  	max-width: 350px!important;
  	display: flex;
  	flex-direction: column;
		border-radius: 12px;
	}
}

/*
@media only screen and (max-width: 812px){
	div.subscription-type-row{
		flex-direction: column;
	}
	div.subscription-period{
		width: unset;
		margin: 10px;
	}
}
*/

/***END SUBS BLOCKS***/

/*Mediavine script wrapper
addition so that ads don't get cut off on smaller mobile devices and stops CLS */
@media only screen and (max-width: 440px){
.grwf2-wrapper {
max-width: 100%!important;
}
p {
word-break: break-word;
}
}
@media only screen and (max-width: 359px){
.alm-reveal, #alm-post-wrap{
display:block!important;
}
.site-inner {
padding-left: 10px!important;
padding-right: 10px!important;
}
}
@media only screen and (max-width: 359px){
li .mv-ad-box {
margin-left:-20px;
}
}


/* Mediavine CSS - (original)
.alm-single-post {
overflow: visible !important;
}
@media only screen and (max-width: 440px) {
.grwf2-wrapper {
max-width: 100% !important;
}
p {
word-break: break-word;
}
}
@media only screen and (max-width: 359px) {
.alm-reveal,
#alm-post-wrap {
display: block !important;
}
.site-inner {
padding-left: 10px !important;
padding-right: 10px !important;
}
}
End CSS*/


/*formatting for categories and tags*/
.entry-categories a {
	font-size:20px;
	font-family: Barlow condensed;
	text-decoration: capitalize;
	color: white;
	background: darkred;
	padding:0px 5px 5px 5px;
}

.entry-tags a {
	font-size:20px;
	font-family: Barlow condensed;
	text-decoration: capitalize;
	color: white;
	background: darkred;
	padding:0px 5px 5px 5px;
}

/*Author block CSS*/
.geo-author-block {
	flex-direction: column!important;
	align-items:center!important;	
}
.geo-author-block .wp-block-post-author__avatar {
	margin: 0!important;
}
.geo-author-block .wp-block-post-author__avatar img{
	height: 110px;
	width: 110px; 
	border-radius:100px!important;
	margin: 0px 0px 10px 0px;
}
.geo-author-block .wp-block-post-author__name{
text-align: center;
	margin: 0px;
	font-family: "Barlow Condensed";
	font-size: 26px;
}
.geo-author-block .wp-block-post-author__name a {
	font-weight: 600;
  background-color: #9A0831;
	padding: 4px 15px 7px 15px;
	border-radius: 25px;
	color: #fff;
}
.geo-author-block .wp-block-post-author__name a:hover {
	color: #069BA0;
}
.geo-author-block .wp-block-post-author__bio{
text-align: center;
	font-size: 16px;
	margin: 10px 20px 10px 20px;
}




/***********************/
/*  	SITE LAYOUT			*/
/***********************/
/* adjust site top padding */
.site-inner {
	padding-top: 25px;
}
/*entry meta font size and margin for desktops...*/
.entry-meta {
	font-size: 16px!important;
  margin-left: 20px;
}
.entry-header .entry-meta {
  margin-bottom: 5px;
}
/*...and devices*/
@media only screen and (max-width: 840px) {
.entry-meta {
		font-size: 16px!important;
  	margin-left: 10px!important;
	}
	.entry-tags a {
		font-size: 18px!important;
	}
	.entry-categories a {
		font-size: 18px!important;
}

/*bold byline link colour*/ 
.entry-author-name {
	color: #000000 !important;
	font-weight: 600 !important;
}
.entry-author-link :hover {
	color: #069BA0 !important;
	font-weight: 600 !important;
}
/*hyperlink hover colour*/
a:hover {
	color: #289dcc;
	text-decoration: underline;
}
/*prevent PostX auto-cap transform*/
.ultp-block-content a{
	text-transform: none!important;
}
.cap-issue-fix span {
  text-transform: none!important;
}
/*Prevent Starbox appearing in footer*/
.entry-footer .abh_box {
	display: none;
}

/************************/
/*  		SIDEBARS				*/
/************************/
/*widget title format */
.sidebar .widget-wrap .widget-title{
	background-color:#fff;
	color:#222;
	font-size:28px;
	text-align:center;
	text-transform: none;
	margin-bottom:0px;
	margin-top; 0px;
	padding-top: 0px;
}
/*add line and margin between sidebar widgets*/
.sidebar .widget{
	margin-bottom: 15px;
	padding-bottom: 15px;
	border-bottom: #DCDCDC solid 1px;
}
/*most popular widget width*/
.popular-sidebar{
	width: 300px;
	margin: auto;
}
.sidebar-primary, .ultp-sidebar-right {
		width:320px;
	}
 }

/* Set sidebar width and make sticky (disabled)*/
.sidebar-primary {
	margin-left:auto;
	margin-right:auto;
  width: 320px;
  padding-top: 0px;
 /*position: -webkit-sticky;
  position: sticky; */
	top:0;
}
.ultp-sidebar-right {
	margin-left:auto;
	margin-right:auto;
  width: 320px;
  padding-top: 0px;
/*  position: -webkit-sticky;
  position: sticky;*/
	top:0;
}

/*don't display sidebar on small screens*/
@media screen and (max-width: 1023px) { 
.sidebar-primary, .ultp-sidebar-right {
  	display: none;
	}
}

/*remove get response z-index*/
.grwf2-wrapper.wf2-embedded {
    z-index: 1!important;
}
/*prevent sidebar starbox */
.sidebar .abh_box{
	display:none;
}

/***********************/
/*   INFINITE SCROLL   */
/***********************/
/*removes the widget area 
to prevent clutter*/ 
.single-post .footer-widgets {
  display: none;
}
.single-post .site-footer {
	visibility: hidden;
	height:1px;
}
/*prevent ALM-broken legacy boxes displaying*/
body:not(.page) .wp-block-ultimate-post-post-grid-2{
	display:none;
}

/*** FRONT PAGE SLIDER ***/
/* magazine slider box extra settings homepage only */ 
.homepage-print-slider {
  position: relative;
	color: #fff;
	text-align: center !important;
	background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, #9a0831 0%, #570000 200%) !important;
  margin-top: 20px;
	padding-top: 30px;
	padding-bottom: 0px;
	margin-bottom: 10px;!important;
  display: block;
}
.homepage-print-slider  figcaption {
  text-align: center;
}

/*bring slider arrows inside max-width*/
.wp-block-cb-carousel .slick-prev {
	height: 50px;
	background-color: rgb(255 255 255 / 75%);
  left: -5px;
}
.wp-block-cb-carousel .slick-next {
	height: 50px;
	background-color: rgb(255 255 255 / 75%);
	right: -5px;
}
/*give slider arrows a background*/
.wp-block-cb-carousel .slick-next:not(:hover):not(:active), .wp-block-cb-carousel .slick-prev:not(:hover):not(:active), .wp-block-cb-carousel .slick-dots li button:not(:hover):not(:active) {
	background-color: rgb(255 255 255 / 90%);
}

/*****LOGO & HEADER*****/
/*logo wrap padding; remove theme bottom border*/
.site-header .wrap {
	border-bottom: 0px;
  padding-top: 0px;
}
.nav-secondary .wrap {
  border-bottom: 0px solid #222;
	border-top: 0px solid #222;
}
/*align logo centre*/
.wp-custom-logo .title-area {
  float: none;
  margin: auto;
}

/*****MENU*****/
/* top menu bar dressing */
.nav-secondary {
	padding-top: 30px;
	margin-top: -103px;
	text-align:center;
}
/* nav menu titles dressing */
.genesis-nav-menu a {
	color: #000000!important;
	font-family: Barlow Condensed, sans-serif;
	font-weight: 500;
	font-size: 20px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
	padding-top: 15px;
  padding-bottom: 15px;
}
/* removes border when menu items clicked */
.menu-item a:focus {
	outline: 0px
}
/* nav menu item spacing 
.genesis-nav-menu > li > a {
	padding-left: 5px;
	padding-right: 5px;
	margin-right: 10px;
  margin-left: 10px;
}*/
/* nav sub-menu dressing*/
.genesis-nav-menu .sub-menu a {
  background-color: #ffffff !important;
  font-size: 18px;
  padding: 15px;
  position: relative;
  width: 190px;
border: none;
}
/* nav sub-sub-menu dressing */
.genesis-nav-menu .sub-menu .sub-menu a {
	font-size: 16px;
	text-transform: capitalize !important;
}
/*Resize header menu to allow space for more options on desktop */
.genesis-nav-menu a {
	font-size: 18px;
	padding-left: 10px;
	padding-right:10px;
}

.menu-item-11416 a {
	
	font-weight: bold;
	background-color: #ffe400;
}
/***** RESPONSIVE MENU *****/
/* remove excess top padding from menu icon*/
@media only screen and (max-width: 840px) { 
.site-header .wrap{
		padding:0px!important;
	}
}
@media only screen and (max-width: 840px) { 
.site-inner{
		padding:15px!important;
	}
}
@media only screen and (max-width: 840px) {
.nav-secondary .wrap {
    border-bottom: 0px;
    border-top: 0px;
	}
}
@media only screen and (max-width: 840px) {
.menu-toggle {
    line-height: 20px;
    position: relative;
    right: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
    width: 100%;
    padding-top: 0px;
	}
}

/* centre the mobile menu */
@media only screen and (max-width: 840px) {
.genesis-responsive-menu .genesis-nav-menu .menu-item {
    display: block;
    float: none;
    position: relative;
    text-align: center !important;
	}
} 

/* fixes menu dropdown obscuring home icon */
@media only screen and (max-width: 840px) {
.nav-secondary .wrap {
    padding-top: 70px;
	}
}
/* removes default colour scheme */
@media only screen and (max-width: 840px){
.menu-toggle:focus, .sub-menu-toggle:focus {
    outline: 0px solid #000;
	}
}
@media only screen and (max-width: 840px){
.menu-toggle:hover, .menu-toggle:focus {
    color: #000;
	}
}

/*****************/
/*     FONTS     */
/*****************/
/*default body font for type outside main copy eg reading time,shortcode-----*/
body {
	font-family: "Crimson Pro" ;
	font-size: 16px;
	font-weight: 300 ;
	line-height: 1.5;
	/*overflow-x: hidden;*/
}
/*default body font for main copy*/
p {
	font-family: "crimson pro";
	font-weight: 400;
	font-size: 20px;
	line-height: 1.5;
}
@media only screen and (max-width: 840px){
	p {
		font-family: "Georgia"!important;
		font-weight: 400;
		font-size: 18px;
		line-height: 1.5;
	}
	body {
	font-family: "Georgia" ;
	font-size: 16px;
	font-weight: 300 ;
	line-height: 1.5;
	/*overflow-x: hidden;*/
	}
}

/*default headings */
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
	font-family: "Barlow Condensed";
	font-weight: 600;
	line-height: 1.625;
}
h1 {
	font-size: 36px;
}
h2 {
	font-size: 22px;
}
h3 {
	font-size: 30px;
}
h4 {
	font-size: 26px;
}
h5 {		
	font-size: 22px;
}
h6 {
	font-size: 20px;
}


/* change drop cap style*/
.has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter {
	font-family: "Crimson Pro";
	line-height: .45;
	font-weight: 700;
	float: left;
	padding-left: 6px;
	font-size: 120px!important;
}

@media only screen and (max-width: 840px){
.has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter {
	font-family: "Georgia";
	line-height: .45;
	font-weight: 700;
	float: left;
	padding-left: 6px;
	font-size: 110px!important;
}
}

/*makes default font for bullet lists same as body text (20px) */
.entry-content ul, ol {
	padding-left: 40px;
  font-size: 20px!important;
}

.woobox-offer-wrap {
	max-width: 90%;
	margin: auto;
 box-shadow: 10px 10px 50px #000000;
}

/********************************/
/*						IMAGES						*/
/********************************/

/* indent captions*/
figcaption, .gallery-caption, .entry-content .wp-caption-text{
		margin-right: 15px;
    margin-left: 15px;
	}
}

/* Set caption font style */
figcaption,
.gallery-caption,
.entry-content .wp-caption-text {
	font-family: 'Crimson Pro', sans-serif;
	font-size: 18px;
	font-style: italic;
	line-height:1.4em;
	margin-top: 0.5em;
	margin-bottom: 1em;
	text-align: left;
}

/***** FOOTER *****/
/*after-entry widget line colours */
.after-entry {
	border-bottom: 3px solid #9a0831!important;
  border-top: 3px solid #9a0831;
  margin-top: 0px;
	padding: 0px 0px;
}
/* Foooter widget area colour */
.footer-widgets {
	background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, #9a0831 0%, #570000 100%) !important;
  color: #aaa;
  clear: both;
	font-family: 'Barlow Condensed';
  font-size: 22px;
  padding: 40px 0 20px;
}
.site-footer {
	background:#570000FF!important;
  color: #aaa;
  clear: both;
  font-size: 18px;
  padding: 1px;
}

/* footer widget font & alignmnet */
.widget-title {
  font-size: 22px;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.footer-widgets-2 .widget-title {
	text-align: center !important;
}
.footer-widgets-3 {
  float: right;
  padding-left: 30px;
}

/* mobile footer menu 3 centre */
@media only screen and (max-width: 840px) {
.footer-widgets-3 {
		float: none;
    padding-left: 0px;
   	text-align: center !important;
	}
}


/*********************************/
/*	   PAGE SPECIFIC CSS  			 */
/*********************************/

/****  UNIVERSITY DIRECTORY   ****/
/* Sets RGS accredited in margin 
.uni-directory-block {
	margin-left:-120px!important;
}
*/
.site-container .uni-directory-block {
	margin-bottom: 0px;
}

@media only screen and (max-width: 840px) {
.site-container .uni-directory-block .wp-block-image{
	  margin-left: 0px!important;  
	}
}

.funky-pic-box img {
	border-radius: 25px;
	margin: auto;
 box-shadow: 0px 0px 50px #000000;
}


/***************************/
/* SHARE BUTTONS (DISABLED)*/
/***************************/
/*social share button formatting 
.essb_links {
	margin-top:0px;
}
.essb-fc-profile-align-center{
	margin-bottom: 20px;
	padding-bottom: 20px;
	border-bottom: #DCDCDC solid 1px;
}
.essb-viralpoint-overlay {
    display: none!important;
}
.essb-viralpoint-buttons {
border-radius:25px;
	background-color: rgb(0,0,0,75%);
}
.essb-viralpoint-close {
    top: 5px;
    right: 5px;
}
.essb-viralpoint-close i:before {
    font-size: 28px !important;
    color: white;
}
.essb_links .essb_vertical_name li a .essb_network_name {
    display: none;
}
.essb-mobile-sharebar {
    line-height: 28px;
}
.essb-viralpoint-bottom-right {
    bottom: 10%;
    right: 5%;
	border-radius: 50%;
	background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, #c7083e 0%, #9A0831 100%) !important;
}
.essb-postbar .essb-postbar-container {
    flex-direction: row-reverse;
}
.essb-postbar-prev-post, .essb-postbar-next-post {
  transform: rotate(360deg) scaleX(-1);
}
.essb-popup-postinfo {
transform: rotate(360deg) scaleX(-1);
}

@media only screen and (min-width: 960px) {
.essb-viralpoint{
	display:none;
	}
}
.essb_link_sharebtn a {
    border-radius: 5px;
   		background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, #c7083e 0%, #9A0831 100%) !important;
}
.essb_link_sharebtn:hover a {
    border-radius: 5px;
   		background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, #9A0831 0%, #9A0831 100%) !important;
}

/* change share button text
.essb_links.essb_size_l li a .essb_network_name {
    font-family:Arial;
	  font-size: 16px!important;
    font-weight: 500!important;
    line-height: 16px!important;
} 

/*stop the share buttons from displaying under all blocks 
.sidebar-primary .essb_links {
	display: none;
}
.ultp-shortcode .essb_links {
	display: none;
}
*/



/*Subs Lander aHref link syling to make link look like a button so we can run javascript on button */
.fcc-btn {
  background-color: #9C0D35;
	font-family: "Barlow Condensed";
  color: white;
  padding: 15px 25px;
  font-size: 28px;
  font-weight: 500;
  text-decoration: none;
  letter-spacing: -0.6px;
  background-color: #9A0831;
  border-radius: 50px 50px 50px 50px;
	text-decoration: none;
}

.fcc-btn:hover {
  background-color: #223094;
	text-decoration: none;
}

/*Clear border around clicked items */
*:focus {
    outline: none;
}

.tldr-box {
    background-color: #eaf1f9; /* Light blue background */
    padding: 20px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border-left: 5px solid #1e56a0; /* Darker blue border */
    font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;
    line-height: 1.3;
    width: 80%;
  }

  .tldr-title {
    font-size: 24px;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: #1e56a0; /* Matching dark blue */
    margin-bottom: 6px;
  }

  .article-title {
    font-size: 18px;
    font-weight: bold;
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 5px;
  }

  .author {
    font-size: 14px;
    color: #555; /* Subtle grey for author */
    margin-bottom: 10px;
  }

  .tldr-points {
    list-style-type: none;
    font-size: 16px;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0 0 10px 0;
  }

  .tldr-points li {
  font-size: 14px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
  }

  .tldr-points li strong {
    color: #1e56a0; /* Highlighted blue for key points */
  }

  .summary-note {
    font-size: 14px;
    color: #333; /* Darker grey */
    font-style: italic;
    margin-top: 10px;
  }

	.hide_this_block {
		display:none;
}		</style>
		<style type="text/css" media="screen">.is-menu path.search-icon-path { fill: #222222;}body .popup-search-close:after, body .search-close:after { border-color: #222222;}body .popup-search-close:before, body .search-close:before { border-color: #222222;}</style></head>
<body class="blog wp-custom-logo wp-embed-responsive wp-theme-genesis wp-child-theme-magazine-pro postx-page genesis header-full-width content-sidebar genesis-breadcrumbs-hidden genesis-footer-widgets-visible elementor-default elementor-kit-11966 aa-prefix-geogr-">		<!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) snippet added by Site Kit -->
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<p class="entry-meta"><div class="wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-columns gb-layout-columns-2 gb-2-col-wideright"><div class="gb-layout-column-wrap gb-block-layout-column-gap-1 gb-is-responsive-column" style="max-width:650px">
<div class="wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-column gb-block-layout-column"><div class="gb-block-layout-column-inner"><time class="entry-time"><time class="entry-time">10 April 2026</time></time>
</div></div><div class="wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-column gb-block-layout-column"><div class="gb-block-layout-column-inner"><i class="far fa-clock"></i> <span class="span-reading-time rt-reading-time"><span class="rt-label rt-prefix"></span> <span class="rt-time"> 4</span> <span class="rt-label rt-postfix">minutes</span></span></div></div></div></div></p></header><div class="entry-content"><a class="entry-image-link" href="https://geographical.co.uk/wildlife/how-to-attract-birds-to-your-garden-without-bird-feeders" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><img width="600" height="400" src="https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/shutterstock_244153456-600x400.jpg" class="alignleft post-image entry-image" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/shutterstock_244153456-600x400.jpg 600w, https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/shutterstock_244153456.jpg 750w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /></a><p>Transform your outdoor space into a thriving bird sanctuary by providing natural food sources and essential habitats





While many of us enjoy watching birds at a feeder, the latest conservation advice suggests that the most sustainable way to support our feathered friends is to provide for them naturally. 



As of 10 April, the RSPB is urging gardeners to change how they &#x02026; <a href="https://geographical.co.uk/wildlife/how-to-attract-birds-to-your-garden-without-bird-feeders" class="more-link">[Read more...] <span class="screen-reader-text">about How to attract birds to your garden without bird feeders</span></a></p></div></article><article class="post-28549 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-quizzes entry" aria-label="QUIZ: US State Capitals"><header class="entry-header"><h2 class="entry-title"><a class="entry-title-link" rel="bookmark" href="https://geographical.co.uk/quizzes/quiz-us-state-capitals-20">QUIZ: US State Capitals</a></h2>
<p class="entry-meta"><div class="wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-columns gb-layout-columns-2 gb-2-col-wideright"><div class="gb-layout-column-wrap gb-block-layout-column-gap-1 gb-is-responsive-column" style="max-width:650px">
<div class="wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-column gb-block-layout-column"><div class="gb-block-layout-column-inner"><time class="entry-time"><time class="entry-time">10 April 2026</time></time>
</div></div><div class="wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-column gb-block-layout-column"><div class="gb-block-layout-column-inner"><i class="far fa-clock"></i> <span class="span-reading-time rt-reading-time"><span class="rt-label rt-prefix"></span> <span class="rt-time"> &lt; 1</span> <span class="rt-label rt-postfix">minute</span></span></div></div></div></div></p></header><div class="entry-content"><a class="entry-image-link" href="https://geographical.co.uk/quizzes/quiz-us-state-capitals-20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><img width="600" height="400" src="https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/Shutterstock_1090256606-600x400.jpg" class="alignleft post-image entry-image" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/Shutterstock_1090256606-600x400.jpg 600w, https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/Shutterstock_1090256606.jpg 750w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /></a><p>Put your knowledge to the test with this quiz on US state capitals! &#x02026; <a href="https://geographical.co.uk/quizzes/quiz-us-state-capitals-20" class="more-link">[Read more...] <span class="screen-reader-text">about QUIZ: US State Capitals</span></a></p></div></article><article class="post-28589 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-news entry" aria-label="Where does the world’s oil come from?"><header class="entry-header"><h2 class="entry-title"><a class="entry-title-link" rel="bookmark" href="https://geographical.co.uk/news/where-does-the-worlds-oil-come-from">Where does the world’s oil come from?</a></h2>
<p class="entry-meta"><div class="wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-columns gb-layout-columns-2 gb-2-col-wideright"><div class="gb-layout-column-wrap gb-block-layout-column-gap-1 gb-is-responsive-column" style="max-width:650px">
<div class="wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-column gb-block-layout-column"><div class="gb-block-layout-column-inner"><time class="entry-time"><time class="entry-time">10 April 2026</time></time>
</div></div><div class="wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-column gb-block-layout-column"><div class="gb-block-layout-column-inner"><i class="far fa-clock"></i> <span class="span-reading-time rt-reading-time"><span class="rt-label rt-prefix"></span> <span class="rt-time"> 5</span> <span class="rt-label rt-postfix">minutes</span></span></div></div></div></div></p></header><div class="entry-content"><a class="entry-image-link" href="https://geographical.co.uk/news/where-does-the-worlds-oil-come-from" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><img loading="lazy" width="600" height="400" src="https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/shutterstock_2093639920-600x400.jpg" class="alignleft post-image entry-image" alt="Oil barrels" decoding="async" srcset="https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/shutterstock_2093639920-600x400.jpg 600w, https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/shutterstock_2093639920.jpg 750w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /></a><p>The five nations around the world – from the US to Iraq – with the highest outputs of crude oil production







Each year, the world produces roughly 36 to 37 billion barrels of oil – equivalent to two million Olympic swimming pools per day. Oil has the power to fuel cars and planes, produce fertilisers and pharmaceuticals and even helps in the production of clothing – but it &#x02026; <a href="https://geographical.co.uk/news/where-does-the-worlds-oil-come-from" class="more-link">[Read more...] <span class="screen-reader-text">about Where does the world’s oil come from?</span></a></p></div></article><article class="post-28588 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-news entry" aria-label="Government approves UK’s largest power-producing solar farm"><header class="entry-header"><h2 class="entry-title"><a class="entry-title-link" rel="bookmark" href="https://geographical.co.uk/news/government-approves-uks-largest-power-producing-solar-farm">Government approves UK’s largest power-producing solar farm</a></h2>
<p class="entry-meta"><div class="wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-columns gb-layout-columns-2 gb-2-col-wideright"><div class="gb-layout-column-wrap gb-block-layout-column-gap-1 gb-is-responsive-column" style="max-width:650px">
<div class="wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-column gb-block-layout-column"><div class="gb-block-layout-column-inner"><time class="entry-time"><time class="entry-time">10 April 2026</time></time>
</div></div><div class="wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-column gb-block-layout-column"><div class="gb-block-layout-column-inner"><i class="far fa-clock"></i> <span class="span-reading-time rt-reading-time"><span class="rt-label rt-prefix"></span> <span class="rt-time"> 3</span> <span class="rt-label rt-postfix">minutes</span></span></div></div></div></div></p></header><div class="entry-content"><a class="entry-image-link" href="https://geographical.co.uk/news/government-approves-uks-largest-power-producing-solar-farm" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><img loading="lazy" width="600" height="400" src="https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/Oxford-solar-cell-coating-breakthrough-600x400.jpg" class="alignleft post-image entry-image" alt="sun energy with plug connection ready to get power. silhouette of power socket against sun rays and sunny sky with houses.Urban backdrop.alternative Solar energy sign,symbol,idea concept.earth day" decoding="async" srcset="https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/Oxford-solar-cell-coating-breakthrough-600x400.jpg 600w, https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/Oxford-solar-cell-coating-breakthrough.jpg 750w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /></a><p>800 MW Springwell solar farm given approval – the largest solar project in the UK terms of power generation







This week, the UK government has approved a major new solar power project in the nation, meaning families and businesses will benefit from more clean energy.



The Springwell Solar Farm, located in Lincolnshire, is set to be the largest power-producing solar farm &#x02026; <a href="https://geographical.co.uk/news/government-approves-uks-largest-power-producing-solar-farm" class="more-link">[Read more...] <span class="screen-reader-text">about Government approves UK’s largest power-producing solar farm</span></a></p></div></article><article class="post-28534 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-news entry" aria-label="Urgent action on climate needed to protect emperor penguins from extinction"><header class="entry-header"><h2 class="entry-title"><a class="entry-title-link" rel="bookmark" href="https://geographical.co.uk/news/urgent-action-on-climate-needed-to-protect-emperor-penguins-from-extinction">Urgent action on climate needed to protect emperor penguins from extinction</a></h2>
<p class="entry-meta"><div class="wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-columns gb-layout-columns-2 gb-2-col-wideright"><div class="gb-layout-column-wrap gb-block-layout-column-gap-1 gb-is-responsive-column" style="max-width:650px">
<div class="wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-column gb-block-layout-column"><div class="gb-block-layout-column-inner"><time class="entry-time"><time class="entry-time">9 April 2026</time></time>
</div></div><div class="wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-column gb-block-layout-column"><div class="gb-block-layout-column-inner"><i class="far fa-clock"></i> <span class="span-reading-time rt-reading-time"><span class="rt-label rt-prefix"></span> <span class="rt-time"> 3</span> <span class="rt-label rt-postfix">minutes</span></span></div></div></div></div></p></header><div class="entry-content"><a class="entry-image-link" href="https://geographical.co.uk/news/urgent-action-on-climate-needed-to-protect-emperor-penguins-from-extinction" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><img loading="lazy" width="600" height="400" src="https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/shutterstock_2611829641-600x400.jpg" class="alignleft post-image entry-image" alt="Colony of emperor penguins" decoding="async" srcset="https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/shutterstock_2611829641-600x400.jpg 600w, https://geographical.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/shutterstock_2611829641.jpg 750w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /></a><p>The IUCN has moved emperor penguins from 'Near Threatened' to 'Endangered' following WWF-funded research







Emperor penguins face population collapse and may be on a path toward extinction, according to the conservation organisation WWF.



The IUCN –&nbsp;the world's oldest and largest global environmental network –&nbsp;downgraded the species' status on its Red List by &#x02026; <a href="https://geographical.co.uk/news/urgent-action-on-climate-needed-to-protect-emperor-penguins-from-extinction" class="more-link">[Read more...] <span class="screen-reader-text">about Urgent action on climate needed to protect emperor penguins from extinction</span></a></p></div></article><div class="archive-pagination pagination"><div class="pagination-next alignright"><a href="https://geographical.co.uk/page/2?option=com_obrss&#038;task=feed&#038;id=4%3Afacebook-feed&#038;format=feed" >Next Page &#x000BB;</a></div></div></main><aside class="sidebar sidebar-primary widget-area" role="complementary" aria-label="Primary Sidebar" id="genesis-sidebar-primary"><h2 class="genesis-sidebar-title screen-reader-text">Primary Sidebar</h2><section id="custom_html-7" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="widget_text widget-wrap"><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><a href="https://geographical-subscri.instantdocsbase.com/help/moving-your-direct-debit-subscription-to-our-new-system"><h6 align="center" style="background-color: #ffe400">OUR UK DIRECT DEBITS ARE CHANGING</h6></a>

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