Unemployment: Debate on Unemployment for Job

An Overview of Anna's Movement from August 16

2011-08-17T00:54:00.000-07:00

Anna’s movement appeared as August revolution for second Indian Independence. He had announced for the movement on 28th July, 2011 when the Union Cabinet had approved Lokpal Bill with many modifications.

Anna Hazare had announced to start his movement from Delhi. So, Delhi cops arrested Anna Hazare early in the morning from his residence, Mayur Vihar. Team of Anna Hazare is also arrested from Raj Ghat.

The incident blew across the country. Thousands of people participated in the movement of Anna Hazare. They demonstrated against the government. Students, home guards, advocates and senior citizens came forward the support his movement very sincerely.

The whole situation created the biggest trouble for the Indian Government. People come forward for “Jail Bharo Andolan” from many parts of the country. Thousands of students came forward to support Anna Hazare at Chhatrasal Stadium.

Finally, Anna Hazare is sent to Tihar Jail. Now, people get angered. They gathered there. Seeing the gathering of people at Tihar Jail, government decided to release Anna. He got released but didn’t leave the jail campus.

Both houses of Parliament became the platform of debate after the statement of the Prime Minister against Anna Hazare on August 17, 2011.

Anna is still sited in the campus of Tihar Jail with the demand to continue his agitation in JP Park, Delhi. But the place has been charged by 144 acts. People are gathered to Tihar Jail to support Anna. Delhi Police have no way to solve the problem.

What will happen next? You need to wait to know about it. Will Anna get permission to continue his demonstration at JP Park? The whole country is waiting for the next step of Anna Hazare. For now, Tihar Jail is the place of Anna’s movement. The movement of Jan Lokpal Bill is exposed as the second movement of Indian Independence by Anna Hazare. It is a struggle for the right to expression.

Google Plans to Hire More than 6200 Employees This Year

2011-01-26T09:40:00.001-08:00

This year has brought the biggest opportunities for the tech guys. The biggest Search Engine – Google has planned to hire more than 6, 200 employees this year.

An online news portal about business and economy - economictimes.indiatimes.com, writes about it, “Google executives have consistently brushed aside those concerns, saying that the company needs to aggressively recruit the smartest computer engineers and most persuasive sales representatives to maintain its lead in online search and advertising, as well as to diversify into other services in computing, telecommunications and the media.

The company outlined its hiring plans Tuesday with The Associated Press without providing many specifics beyond its pledge to hire more people than it did in 2007 when it added 6,131 workers. Google hired nearly 4,600 people last year to end 2010 with 24,400 employees. Based on its hiring commitment, Google's work force will increase by at least 25 percent this year.

Analysts polled by FactSet expect Google's net revenue to increase 22 percent this year.

Google wouldn't say how many of the new jobs will be based in the United States, where most of its current workers are located. In a speech Tuesday, Schmidt said Google will hire more than 1,000 workers in Europe this year. All told, Google has more than 60 offices in 30 countries.”

Further it writes, “Managing a company with the population of a small city will pose another challenge for Google co-founder Larry Page as he prepares to take over as the company's CEO April 4 in a shake-up that will reassign Schmidt to executive chairman. In that role, Schmidt will focus on meeting with government officials, business partners and potential takeover targets while Page runs the company.

Page, 37, served as CEO in Google's early days when the company was far smaller. Google had fewer than 300 employees when Schmidt replaced Page as CEO a decade ago.

Google has become a coveted place to work, largely because Page and fellow co-founder Sergey Brin have always insisted on making the company's offices seem like a home away from home in an effort to make people more productive. All meals, snacks and drinks are free at Google, and employees can commute on free shuttles equipped with Internet access to San Francisco and other cities located within a 50-mile (80-kilometer) radius of the company's Mountain View, California, headquarters.”

Hiring in Google more than 6,200 employees this year is the biggest event like hiring in TCS of 37,000 professionals.

Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) Plans To Hire 37,000 Professionals from Campuses Next Fiscal

2011-01-22T20:04:00.000-08:00

Recently, we heard a good news for the jobseekers. IT major Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) has planned to hire 37,000 professionals for its domestic and overseas markets through campus placements in the next fiscal.

About the hiring, an online news portal about business and economy - economictimes.indiatimes.com, quotes a statement of TCS Head (Global Human Resources), Ajoyendra Mukherjee, “We plan to hire 37,000 professionals through campus recruitment in FY 12. We have so far visited 171 institutions pan-India.”

So, it is very clear that TCS will hire 37,000 professionals through campuses in FY 12. TCS has 171 institutions pan-India and now it wants expansions in man power quality.

Further he adds, “Our hiring ratio will be around 54:46 trainee and lateral respectively. The demand is strong and we hope it will continue to grow in the coming days.”

You should know that TCS had hired 27,500 professionals through campus recruitment last year. According to the above mentioned news portal, “TCS added 20,219 people (gross) during the quarter (Q3 FY 11), its highest addition yet, taking its total headcount to 1,86,914 at the end of the December quarter.”

Further Mr. Mukherjee said, “Given the strength of business demand, we have exceeded the hiring target of 50,000 employees we had set for this fiscal year.”

The news portal quotes a statement of TCS CEO and Managing Director, N Chandrasekaran also, “Our short-term challenge is we have to continue to retain people although the attrition rate has come down in Q3 FY 11.” So, the CEO and Managing Director of TCS, N Chandrasekaran has planned to retain people in the short-term challenge of the company.

In the job sections, Accor is also to hire 3000 people by next year. You should know TCS hiring will be held in various campuses to hire 37,000 professionals.

Accor to Hire 3000 People by Next Year

2010-12-30T17:53:00.000-08:00

Recently, Accor said about the hiring of 3000 people by next year in India. It will fill the vacancies being created at its upcoming hotels in the country.

An online news portal about business and economy - economictimes.indiatimes.com, writes about it, “Accor currently operates eight hotels under brands, Novotel, Ibis and Mercure, and two convention centres that employ about 2,000 people.”

The portal quotes a statement of Regional Director of Human Resources Ashwin A Shirali, “By the end of 2011, we will employ total 5,000 people at Accor operated properties across India.”

Further the news portal writes about the hiring process of Accor, “About 30 per cent of the job opportunities being created will be for entry level jobs, he said. The company will operate ten new properties that are likely to come up in 2011.

In August this year, Accor had said that it plans to open 90 hotels by 2015, out of which contracts for 60 hotels have already been signed. Around 21 hotels are likely to be operational by the end of 2012.

At present Accor, in partnership with InterGlobe Enterprises, runs hotels under the Ibis brand and has partnership with other companies for Novotel and Mercure brand. Accor also has plans to bring its other global hotel brands, Sofitel, Pullman and Formule1 in India by 2011.

Accor and InterGlobe have set up an investment fund to develop hotel assets in India with Pacifica Partners, which has 36 per cent equity in the fund. Accor and InterGlobe will each hold 32 per cent stake in the fund.”

It is really good news for Indian employees who are seeking their career in hotel and hospitality industry. Recently, Wipro GE Healthcare had also announced to recruit 600 people in next 2 years. Now, there is a great chance with better career opportunities in hotel sector.

Wipro GE Healthcare to Recruit up to 600 People in 2 Years

2010-11-30T09:14:00.000-08:00

Recently, Wipro GE Healthcare announced to hire up to 600 people to enhance its marketing force in the next 2 years.

Wipro GE Healthcare (WGH) Managing Director V Raja statement about the hiring is quoted by - economictimes.indiatimes.com, an online news portal about business and economy, “We have been beefing up our distribution system. While we are already present in 300 out of the 600 districts across the country, now we are looking at having individuals who can directly sell products in those local areas.”

Further the news portal added his statement about the hiring, “In order do that the company will add 500 to 600 people in the next two years. These people will be hired for all front-end related activities such as marketing and sales and market research.”

In the next statement, “So, in the next three years there would be about 10-12 products, which have been designed and developed in India, launched for the local market. These are all parts of our plans to clock a turnover of USD one billion in the next five years.”

According to the news portal, “Last year the company had announced integration of all the stand-alone units and plants of GE Healthcare in India into a single entity. As part of the integration process GE Healthcare Life Sciences, GE Healthcare Medical Diagnostics and GE Medical Systems India came under the fold of Wipro GE Healthcare.”

Overall, it is a very good like recruitment of 85000 staffs in next 3 years by PSU Banks. Now, you have some chance to work with big corporate.

Globallogic Plans to Hire 2000 More Employees by March

2010-11-14T20:48:00.000-08:00

Globallogic, software services provider plans to increase its staff headcount by 2,000 across centres in India by March, 2011. It has planned to take total workforce strength to 6,000 employees.

An online news portal about business and economy - economictimes.indiatimes.com, quotes a statement of Globallogic CEO Peter Harrison, “We will ramp up our headcount across our centres like Argentina, India and China. The company, which plans to list on the US bourses in the second half next year, will add about 2,000 people to its existing employee base of 4,000.”

Further he added, “Half of the additions would take place in India. We are in the process of interviewing bankers. We would expect to list in the second half of next year. We could look at it post-listing in the US.”

In the analysis, the news portal writes, “The Company has 1,700 employees in India at present, which man centres at Pune, Noida, Bangalore and Nagpur. In addition, the company said it has been on the lookout for potential acquisitions globally to strengthen its capabilities. It will look at investing USD 40-80 million over the next 12 months on global acquisitions. The Virginia-headquartered company is backed by Sequoia Capital, New Enterprise Associates, Goldman Sachs and New Atlantic Ventures. The company has more than 150 clients spanning sectors such as digital media, finance, healthcare, infrastructure, software, retail and telecom.”

So, it is one of the best news for Indian people to become a member of Globallogic by March. It is a well known company in software service provider and it wants to hire manpower for its different department and branches.

Hiring in Globallogic is very clear from the statement of Globallogic CEO Peter Harrison. The company want to ramp up its headcount across the centers like Argentina, India and China. Some months before, Cisco had also announced to hire 3000 Personal over next 2 years.

Recruitment of 85000 Staff in Next 3 Years by PSU Banks

2010-10-31T00:03:00.000-07:00

Recently, a very positive news came in light about employment. PSU banks are to recruit about 85000 staff in next 3 years to meet the manpower shortage.

An online news portal about business and economy - economictimes.indiatimes.com, quotes an official statement about it, “The PSBs have a tentative plan of recruitment of around 34,000 officers and 51,000 clerks during the next three years for 2010-13.” So, there will be recruitment of 34,000 officers and 51,000 clerks in coming next 3 years.

Further the news portal writes, “The government also informed that it has been decided to entrust IBPS the responsibility to conduct the common recruitment examination for PSBs.

The IBPS, established in 1984, is an autonomous body engaged in recruitment of personnel and internal promotion in banks and financial institutions.”

“During the year 2009-10, IBPS conducted test for around 60 lakh candidates at 125 centres across the country for recruitment in PSBs.

The Indian Banks' Association (IBA) had recommended to the government that a common recruitment programme in public sector banks should be conducted by the IBPS.”

So, in coming future there will be a common recruitment programme in public sector banks. It is really a very positive news for the unemployment candidates. But still there is a question – Will the recruitment eliminate complete unemployment?

On the other hand, Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) also provides about 57000 employments in Rajasthan. The news portal quotes a statement of Chief Minister of Rajasthan, Ashok Gehlot, “We have started the recruitment process to fill around 57,000 vacant posts including 50,000 posts of third grade teachers in PRIs.”

“Keeping procedural delays in mind, we have decided to make temporary arrangements by offering retired personnel two years' employment to ensure the smooth transfer of power of the five departments to the PRIs to strengthen them.”

“The employees will be entitled to bonus not exceeding Rs 3,387 for any individual on 30 days' basic salary.” It is really a good news after the announcement of 58 million new jobs in government sector.

Accenture to Hire 2.5 lakh Unskilled and Semi-skilled People around the World job by 2015

2010-09-30T11:17:00.000-07:00

Recently, Accenture announced to hire 250,000 unskilled and semi-skilled people around the world job- or business-ready by 2015.

An online news portal about business and economy - economictimes.indiatimes.com writes, “Accenture and Accenture Foundation will invest over $100 million into this initiative called Skills to Succeed'. It will seek to educate people, and build skills that enable them to participate in and contribute to areas like IT, BPO, hospitality and retail.”

Rekha Menon who is the executive director in Accenture India said to ET, “With Nasscom Foundation, we will train adolescent girls and young women from economically backward areas in animation skills.”

Further the news portal added, “India is likely to be a significant beneficiary of this campaign as the country has over 450 million unskilled and semi-skilled people under 35. The company has roped in Dr Reddy's Foundation and Nasscom Foundation to provide BPO skills training to underprivileged youth from rural India. It has entered into a partnership with IGNOU to offer a diploma course on BPO services.”

On the other hand, the news portal writes about SAIL, “State-owned SAIL has announced that it will hire 525 freshers, majority from technical background, to work on its steel plants, which are undergoing Rs 70,000-crore capacity expansion.

The country's largest steelmaker SAIL, which has a work force of about 1.2 lakh employee, has announced its plans even as it sees its headcount shrinking by an average 6,000-7,000 employees every year on account of "natural separation", including retirements.

The firm will enrol 450 people as management trainees in the technical field, while 75 for administrative purposes.”

Further it adds, “The steel major operates five integrated steel plants besides special units across the country. SAIL is expanding its annual steel production capacity to 23 million tonnes by 2012 from the present 14 million tonnes. The expansion is to cost the company about Rs 70,000 crore.”

Cisco Plans to Hire 3000 Personal over Next 2 Years

2010-07-07T09:51:00.000-07:00

Cisco Systems, a networking giant has planned to hire 3000 professionals over the next 2 years to provide enhanced ICT services in India.

Wim Elfrink who is the Cisco's Chief Globalisation Officer and Executive Vice-President said to ET, “We are quite happy about our Indian operations. As Bangalore is the second head office for Cisco after California, we want to increase our headcount here. We plan to hire 3,000 more in the next two years.”

About the hiring, economictimes.indiatimes.com writes, “Cisco's current headcount in India is 7,000 and plans are on track to take it up to 10,000 in the next two years.”

Further Elfrink said to ET, “The California-based ICT service provider has also tied-up with Lavasa Corporation, the real estate arm of Hindustan Construction Company (HCC) to provide e-governance and city management solutions besides providing e-connectivity in Lavasa city.”

He adds, “About 70 per cent of the global population will migrate to urban cities in the next 40-years. If smart cities are built using smart technologies sitting on top of a broadband network, then it would result in huge savings, a cleaner, greener earth and a better life for city dwellers.”

About the campus of Cisco, the news portal writes, “The USD 40-billion company, which is focussed on multiple verticals and especially the Government sector, is developing an about 1-million sq ft campus in Bangalore, the firm's second head office.”

Already, Indian companies have created 60000 jobs in US. Now, Cisco has announced to hire 3000 personal over next 2 years. There is already a good news about 30000 professionals hiring in Infosys.

Private sector has created some good jobs in coming days in Indian software industry. Now, professionals have good demand in the foreign countries. It shows the boom in software industry once again. It is a good news for Indian professionals.

Indian companies have created 60000 jobs in US

2010-06-24T19:20:00.000-07:00

Recently, a report published about the Indian companies which have created more than 60,000 jobs in US. Now, India has become synonymous with outsourcing. The data has been shown of 2004-09 through nearly 500 investment and acquisition deals worth $26.5 billion.

An online news portal about business and economy - economictimes.indiatimes.com has quoted a statement of Obama, “We will stop letting American companies that create jobs overseas take deductions on their expenses when they do not pay any American taxes on their profits.”

Further the news portal quotes a report, “During 2004-2009, 90 Indian companies made 127 greenfield investments worth $5.5 billion, and created 16,576 jobs in the US. Greenfield investments are investments made to start a new venture by constructing new operational facilities from the ground up.”

In the next column, the news portal writes, “The five US industrial sectors that received the most greenfield investment were Metals; Software & IT Services; Leisure & Entertainment; industrial machinery, equipment & tools; and financial services, accounting for almost 80 per cent of total greenfield investment in the US.”

According to the report, “The top three states in terms of jobs created were Ohio, Texas, and California. During 2004-09, 239 Indian companies made 372 acquisitions in the United States.”

According to the news portal, “The report, jointly produced by University of Maryland, India-US World Affairs Institute and Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry, gives a comprehensive analysis of America's economic engagement with India during the period 2004 to 2009.”

In the conclusion, the news portal writes, “A 2004 Goldman Sachs report had forecast that nearly six million US jobs would be shifted overseas to low-wage countries like India.”

It is really remarkable news in Indian context. The data is able to say about the character of Indian capitalist. A huge section of Indian capital deals with foreign companies.

Infosys Announces to Hire Over 30000 Professionals

2010-06-11T23:47:00.000-07:00

Now, Infosys has planned to hire more than 30,000 professionals this year. It is reported by Kris Gopalakrishnan who is the Chief Executive in Infosys. According to him, IT sector has returned with its boom once again.

About the 30000 professionals hiring in Infosys economictimes.indiatimes.com, an online news portal about economy and business quotes some statements of Kris Gopalakrishnan, “Infosys has a development centre at the Technopark campus here and employs more than 1,500 professionals.”

“Kerala will soon be a force in IT and the need of the hour is good promotion. Every destination has some pluses and minuses and for Kerala the perception that it is not a destination to invest still continues, but the experience of those who have already invested is the exact opposite and hence the state should vigorously promote the advantages.”

“Another great advantage that is unique to the state is ayurveda. And especially for IT professionals, the availability of ayurveda in the state is a huge benefit.”

“The back-office outsourcing arm of Infosys sees faster sales growth in the year ending March 2011, on rising demand from existing clients and new client additions.”

The news portal quotes a data also about the company, “Export revenue from business process outsourcing rose about 6 percent to $14.7 billion in the year ended March 2010, according to IT body National Association of Software and Service Companies. This is seen rising 15-16 percent in the year ending March 2011. Infosys BPO, which was set up as a separate unit of Infosys in 2002 and employs about 16,400 people, plans to add a gross 8,000 staff in the fiscal ending March 2011.”

At last, the news portal writes, “Infosys BPO would continue to look for acquisitions in Europe, the Middle East and Africa, Swaminathan said, adding it would look to buy companies working on human resource outsourcing and sourcing and procurement services.”

Infosys has announced the big hiring of 30000 professionals after the Aegis hiring of 11000 and Wipro hiring of 11000 employments.

Aegis Plans To Hire 11000 New Employees

2010-05-28T23:31:00.000-07:00

Essar Group's BPO arm Aegis has announced about the new hiring. The company has planned to hire nearly 11,000 persons this fiscal. It will set up an institute for customer relationship management in association with IIM-Indore and two others also.

About the hiring economictimes.indiatimes.com, an online news portal about business and economy writes, “We plan to hire nearly 11,000 people this financial year for our various divisions. Half of this will be from India and the rest from foreign countries.”

So, the company will hire about 11000 employees this financial year. More than 5000 employees will be hired from India and rest from foreign countries. The company has planned to hire global employees in the 11000 employment.

About the 11000 hiring www.dnaindia.com, an online news portal quotes Subir Ghosh statement who is the president in Aegis Global Academy, the division that runs ICEM, “This might be the first of its kind initiative towards improving the entire process of customer experience. Whenever we spoke to clients, be it of our parent group company or others, they have always said it is needed. So we would now set up more such campuses across India as well as outside. We would like to set up another five ICEM campuses in the next three years.”

The company has planned to set up more campuses across India as well as outside. It needs more expand.

Further the news portal concludes, “While Aegis has tied up with other firms for placement of all 400 students in various companies, the firm itself would absorb about 100 from every batch of ICEM.

The firm has tied up with IIM-Indore and SQC Singapore to design specific course materials for ICEM.”

It is really the biggest news in the job industry. In this series, Wipro has also announced to hire 11000 fresher employees. Aegis 11000 hiring will be known as the biggest hiring in the private sector this year.

PepsiCo Announces to Hire 500 People in India This Year

2010-05-19T05:42:00.000-07:00

Recently, Global food and beverage giant – PepsiCo announced to hire 500 people in India this year. The company will hire 500 employees to meet its manpower requirement for maintaining its annual growth rate of over 30 per cent in 2010.

Pavan Bhatia who is the PepsiCo India Executive Director (Human Resources) said to ET, “To keep pace with our high growth, we would need to keep on adding top talent to our already fantastic team. We plan to hire 500 more this year and take the number of direct employees to 5,500.”

Further he adds, “It is aimed at meeting HR requirements to sustain the growth achieved in 2009, which proved a banner year for us with a volume growth of over 30 per cent.”

It is quite clear that they want to achieve the goal of the company this year anyhow. The 500 hiring will add some more talent to the fantastic team of PepsiCo India.

The statement was quoted in economictimes.indiatimes.com, an online news portal about economy and business, “PepsiCo India, which completes 20 years in 2010, provides direct employment to 5000 and indirect employment to more than 1,50,000 people.”

PepsiCo India has already 5000 direct employees. The company will add new 500 employees in direct employment. However, PepsiCo India has the largest indirect employees - 150000.

According to the Bhatia, “At present more than 75 people from PepsiCo India have been assigned key international assignments across the world.”

In the last, the news portal gives some information about the company, “Earlier this month, PepsiCo India's foods division's (FritoLay) head Gautham Mukkavilli was assigned for a leading role in the company's global team. He will take over as PepsiCo's global vice-president for grain nutrition at its Chicago-based nutrition centre in July.”

Recently, Wipro has also announced to add 11,000 fresher employees. However, government sector had announced to hire 58 million new employees this year. In the series of hiring, PepsiCo India also adds 500 employees.

Wipro to Hire 11000 Fresher Employees in Current Fiscal 2010-11

2010-04-24T01:10:00.000-07:00

Recently, the biggest news about employment came in light. Wipro announced to add 11,000 fresher employees during the current fiscal (2010-11). Engineers will be 65% among them.

Mr Pratik Kumar who is the Wipro Ltd's Executive Vice-President, HR, Brand and Communications, said to The Hindu Business Line, “this decision to expand its potential talent pool to the non-engineering graduates was a ‘conscious one' that the company took several years ago and the multiple years of experience in following this practise has helped them scale up the numbers.

Further he adds, “Training costs may go up marginally because of the broadening the talent pool to non-engineers, this would be offset by the fact that they would come at different costs.”

Further Wipro said, “The Company added 5,325 employees in the fourth quarter. But it did not share the number of employees it plans to hire during the next one year. Unlike Infosys, Wipro does not give recruitment details for the next quarter or for the year.”

About the Attrition rate, www.thehindubusinessline.com, an online news portal about news writes, “The company's attrition rate (or employees leaving per hundred) in the IT business touched 17 per cent in the quarter ended March 2010 – a certain high compared to a range between 8.4 per cent and 13.4 per cent in the previous three quarters.”

About the overseas hiring, the news portal writes, “In another trend-setting HR exercise, Wipro has increased its local hires outside India substantially this year. Currently, almost 50 per cent of the overseas hires are locals.”

It is really the biggest news about employment in private sector. We already have been informed about 58 million new job opportunities in government sector.

Wipro is one of the world’s largest software companies. The company has decided to hire Engineers and technical persons in this fiscal year. Announcement of new job opportunities in Airline sectors was also a positive sign for the unemployment guys.

New Job Opportunities in Airline Sector

2010-04-09T01:46:00.001-07:00

There is a big hiring in the airline sector for airport modernization. Airlines and infrastructure companies are hiring again nearly 3,000 people. However, last year about 2000 employees were retrenched by airlines.

In the airline companies - Kingfisher, IndiGo, SpiceJet, GoAir along with Malaysia Airlines, Emirates, Oman Air and Qatar Airways have planned to hire new employees for airport modernization.

In the infrastructure companies - GMR and GVK are also hiring for airport construction and maintenance. In this series, IndiGo has planned to hire about 1,000 people in the next few months.

Kingfisher will hire nearly 500 employees over the next one year. On the other hand, SpiceJet is looking to hire about 200 in the coming months. SpiceJet has planned to hire nearly 100 flight attendants and 40 pilots.

In a statement to ET, SpiceJet captain said, “The pick-up in hiring will help those who spent lakhs in securing pilot licences, but were not getting jobs through last year.”

In the analysis, economictimes.indiatimes.com, an online news portal about economy, writes, “The air hostess training institute, which had seen a drop of about 15% in enrolments last year, is expecting that numbers will go up this year to the 2007-08 levels, which were at nearly 15,000. For the year ending March 31, 2010, the institute saw about 13,000 students enrolling for a career in aviation and hospitality, compared to nearly 12,000 a year ago.”

About the Delhi Airport, the news portal writes, “Delhi Airport alone plans to add around 125 people in the next few months in support areas such as housekeeping, car parking and commercial concessionaire through outsourced agencies, he says. Some of the airport areas where hiring is currently planned include security screening, aircraft rescue and fire-fighting, airport operation control centre, city-side planning and airline marketing. The company will also hire fresh engineers.”

We already have seen a dream data about 58 million new job opportunities in 11th five year plan. Now, we have to see the reality of new job opportunities in airline sector in the time of crisis.

58 Million New Job Opportunities in 11th Five year plan

2010-03-15T23:27:00.000-07:00

Recently, I got a very sensible news about employment and job opportunities. It was about 58 million new job opportunities. Most probably about 58 million new job will be created in the 11th Five year plan from 2007 – 2012.

During the Question Hour in Lok Sabha, Labour and Employment Minister Mallikarjun Kharge said, “Employment is projected to grow at an average rate of 2.73 per cent annually.”

According to him, “government has released Rs 27,368.76 crore till April-January period of 2009-10 under the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme.”

The statement was published in economictimes.indiatimes.com, online news portal. Further the news paper states, “Similarly, in other employment generation schemes like Swarnajayanti Swarozgar Yojna and Shahari Rozgar Yojna, the government has been making funds available to different states to create new job opportunities.”

Finally, about the unemployment benefits to youths Kharge said, “As of now there is no such plan.”

This is not the first time when government announces about a huge numbers of job openings under the various schemes. Every year we see a huge funds for job and employment but in the consequence unemployment and poorness is on the highest stage in our society.

If we don’t recognize the real causes of unemployment, we can’t get the job opportunities for all in the current system. What is the basic problem of unemployment? Yes, no one wants to tell the truth. I have already discussed about unemployment and poorness a lot in this my blog.

Lok Sabha election 2009 had also many points regarding the job opportunities but that was only for election. Government has the same opinions to people opinions on job and unemployment.

Finally, I have to say that you should be logical on the concept of employment rather than practical. Government announcement is good but it is not for all.

An Analysis about Imperialism is the Highest Stage of Capitalism

2010-03-09T05:25:00.000-08:00

Lenin had described imperialism as the highest stage of capitalism. This is known to all Marxist-Leninists. But one gathers the impression that we understand little of this. Otherwise how could we be talking of imperialism as if it were some policy, conspiracy or some tactic. According to Lenin the quintessence of imperialism is monopoly.

The characteristic policy of monopoly capitalism is to strive for domination. The politics of the age of free competition was freedom for it could only thus thrive. To establish monopoly is to extinguish the rights of others and to establish exclusive hegemony.

Monopoly capitalism has risen from the grounds of free competition. Analyzing the laws of motion of the capitalist mode of production Marx had shown that free competition necessarily gives rise to monopoly. This is immanent in the laws of concentration and centralization of capitals, which is expressed popularly in the saying that the big fish swallow up the smaller ones. When we discuss imperialism we must do so in the light of the immanent laws of capitalism.

Today when we are discussing imperialism the first thing that comes to our mind is that current and oft-repeated term called globalization. This term is understood in a myriad ways. Some relate it to the removal of trade barriers, some others to the globalization of the production process, still others relate it to the extraordinary mobility gained by capital movements the world over without hindrance or for some it is the triumph of finance.

Of course, it is all this and much more. We should relate it to the process of capitalist accumulation the world over and we would again like to reiterate that it can be summed up in one word – monopolization i.e., the unprecedented extension of monopoly.

We already have discussed that under imperialism finance capital attains supremacy. The whole discussion revolves around the imperialism, capitalism and the unemployment.

Under Imperialism Finance Capital Attains Supremacy

2010-02-08T22:59:00.000-08:00

From the violent forms this process is taking, the unbearable burden being put on the shoulders of the world peoples and the consequent contradictions that all this is bringing forth it can be definitely said that imperialism will be defeated much before such an outcome. This process of extension of imperialist monopoly has led to two world wars and numerous small and big wars. In the meantime about one-third of the world peoples liberated themselves from the imperialist yoke and become part of the world socialist system. The anti-imperialist struggles and resistance of the freedom-loving people of the world is an important counteracting factor of the inherent laws of imperialism which work as tendencies.

Today, when the world proletarian revolution has met with defeat, albeit temporary, these tendencies have received a fillip and the process of monopolization is going ahead with leaps and bounds. This process is taking place through both peaceful and violent means and bringing untold sufferings to the world peoples. The way the whole process is getting entangled in insoluble contradictions it can be definitely said that we will go through another round of revolutions and imperialism will have to retreat and face defeat. So let us now examine this process and see how world capitalism has led us to this situation which we are today calling globalization.

Analyzing the laws of motion of capital Marx and Engles showed how this leads to the development of credit and how this socializes the accumulation process and how it facilitates the investment of capital among the different branches of production and how it gains independence of the actual process of production. With this rises the possibility that the possessors of vast amounts of money capital may lend their amounts to the industrial or productive capitalist and live without doing anything at all.

This process logically leads to the development of a financial oligarchy which lives on interest. This process of socialization of capital means that vast amounts of money capital are available which can accelerate the process of reproduction of capital. The capitalist does not have to wait till the commodities produced by him are sold on the market to renew the production process. This forces the pace of production and accumulation. This accelerated development and expansion of production leads to an imbalance between the expansion of production and consumption, the crisis of overproduction gets aggravated and in course of time capitalists feel the need for regulation of production.

The big capitalists try to regulate production in many ways, they come to various types of mutual agreements and come up with different types of alliances, and they also merge to form trusts. The process of concentration and centralization of capitals moves apace. All the above mentioned process let to the birth of monopoly capital at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century and this was the beginning of imperialism which is also called the highest stage of capitalism. Under imperialism finance capital attains supremacy which Lenin describes as monopoly industrial capital merged with bank capital. With this, the export of capital gains the upper hand instead of export of commodities. Finance capital starts its world domination and divides up the globe for the sources of raw materials and export of capital.

Tendencies of Imperialism with Elemental Force

2010-01-09T02:37:00.000-08:00

Let us repeat in brief the manifestations of the characteristics of imperialism and its quintessence, monopoly in the words of Lenin –

“Imperialism is a specific historical stage of capitalism. Its specific character is threefold: imperialism is (1) monopoly capitalism; (2) parasitic, or decaying capitalism; (3) moribund capitalism.

The supplanting of free competition by monopoly is the fundamental economic feature, the quintessence of imperialism. Monopoly manifests itself in five principal forms: (1) cartels, syndicates and trusts – the concentration of production has reached a degree which gives rise to these monopolistic associations of capitalists; (2) the monopolistic position of big banks – three, four or five giant banks manipulate the whole economic life of America, France and Germany; (3) seizure of sources of raw material by the trusts and the financial oligarchy; (4) the partition of the world by the international cartels has begun. There are already over one hundred such international cartels, which command the entire world market and divide it ‘amicably’ among themselves – until war re-divides it. The export of capital, as distinct from the export of commodities under non-monopoly capitalism is a highly characteristic phenomenon and is closely linked with the economic and territorial-political partition of the world; (5) the territorial partition of the world (colonies) is completed.” (Imperialism and the split in socialism)

Today the tendencies of imperialism are working with elemental force. In the 70s the activities of the multinational companies, in particular that of the American ones increased tremendously and with this that of the multinational banks too. This decade witnessed the raise of a phenomenon which as an important bearing on the economic events today and that was the rise of the Eurodollar market. This market came into being with the flight of dollars from the US according to many economists. This was a unique phenomenon. This source of finance was not under the control of any state and many economists have characterized it as stateless money. Though this market appears to be free from the control of any state, it uses the imperialist state machinery to further its own interests.

The rise in the price of petroleum products in the 70s following the decision of the OPEC caused windfall profits to the oil producers which were again deposited in this market. The imperialist banks were thus slush with funds they lent it to the so-called third world for purposes ranging from luxurious consumption of its rulers to real estate development. This was also used for building industries and countries like South Korea industrialized in a big way.

Impact of World Imperialist Economy on Masses

2009-12-06T23:09:00.000-08:00

Whatever is the reason whether it is massive corruption resulting in embezzlement of the loan amount, military expenditure or any other unproductive expenditure or say the recessionary conditions in these countries, they were not in a position to service their debts. Where industrialization did take place there the pace of accumulation was artificially accelerated which given the logic of capital had to lead to and did lead to crisis.

Inability of these countries in servicing the debt put the banks in a quandary and in order to save the banks, in order to ensure their fabulous profits the imperialist states with the help of their central banks and governments came up with a number of plans. To ensure the implementation of these plans the IMF attached such conditions to its so-called rescue packages that put enormous burden upon these countries. The Baker plan and the Brady plan are instances of such plans. They were chiefly meant for the Latin American countries. The 90s saw a number of such programmes which were imposed upon the countries of South East Asia and India among others. These programmes are known as Structural Adjustments Programmes. They come with a number of conditionalities which impose enormous burdens upon these countries and lead to the destruction of the productive capacities of these countries.

These involve severe cuts in welfare expenditure, cuts on subsidies to industry and agriculture, privatization of government companies and utilities, freedom for foreign capital investment and propitiation of speculative capital flows. On the whole, these programmes lead to massive impoverishment, unemployment and mass distress. These economies are made to integrate themselves closely with the world imperialist economy.

They are made to turn their economies into expert-oriented ones. The concern with maintenance of a healthy balance of payments becomes a major concern for only when the coffers of foreign exchange are sufficiently filled up can debt servicing is carried out. To his end, foreign capital investment has to be encouraged whether it is used for productive purposes or speculative purposes. Servicing of the debt becomes the most important concern. So we find that to ensure the profits of finance capital the 90s witnessed the destruction of productive forces. India too faces the same situation where industries are being closed down, retrenchments and lay-offs are common privatization is going on and it is facing the crisis of overproduction in the midst of poverty.

Shortest Way to Recover Crisis by Imperialist Countries

2009-11-10T00:47:00.000-08:00

The imperialist loans helped the sale of products of the companies of these imperialist countries. As we know such loans come with strings attached which make it incumbent for the debtor to buy the products of recommended companies only. This way profits are earned once upon the sale of these products and again through the interest paid upon these loans. Finance capital devices ways to get rid of the overproduction of commodities and over accumulation of capital and imposes heavy burdens upon the oppressed countries. But this too is proving to be insufficient. Let us take a recent example. The electricity plant and machinery industry is dominated by three monopolies – ABB-Alstom, Siemens and General Electric. Before this, big monopolies like Westinghouse were merged. These giant monopolies find themselves in a position where they will have to close down their plants since the power plant construction industry is undergoing a recessionary phase. There is a huge lag between world capacity and world demand of electricity. In such a condition plants have to be closed down to save the situation. This can only be done and is being done by extension of monopoly and a curb on competition.

Thus extension of monopoly means the destruction of productive forces and the retrenchment and unemployment of workers. On the other hand new plants are being set up and old plants are being closed down on the dictates of the World Bank and the IMF so that the problem of overproduction (here manifested as overcapacity) may be solved. Not only those third world governments are being forced to guarantee the profits of electric companies. For instance, in India the government guarantees a return of 16 percent. States like Maharashtra and Orissa have had a bitter experience of power sector reforms.

The problem of overproduction the world over is being solved through extension of monopoly and destruction of productive forces and this can only be done by imposing heavy burdens upon the shoulders of the world peoples. The merger of the monopolies being undertaken show that today they are ready to divide the world market in keeping with their respective strength peacefully. For instance, the Italian car monopoly and the American giant General Motors have merged ensuring a division of markets among themselves thus staving off competition for Fiat in its own market from the American giant. If today the extension of monopoly is taking place peacefully tomorrow it might be done with the use of force given a change in the balance of forces.

Today, we find that speculators are having a field day. They make profits from investments the world over and also do it by forcing the pace of development like in South-East Asia. When this accelerated pace cannot be sustained they try to withdraw their capital leading to such devastation that even healthy units are forced into bankruptcy. On the other hand, these speculators have played havoc with the Russian economy. Even then, these huge amounts of finance capital are unable to find enough outlets for making profits which is why the speculation that is taking place in the latest branch of production is mind-boggling. The information technology sector which is a sunrise sector is seen as a growth sector and it is subject to such speculation that companies which do not make any profit at all have seen their market capitalization grow by leaps and bounds. The crisis seems to be so deep that the avenues for profitable investment of capital are so few that wherever the speculators sense the possibility of profits they start over speculating. From this we can also see that however independent finance capital may appear from the sector of actual production it is influenced by the changes in this sector and the speculators act accordingly. Speculation is being encouraged everywhere, governments are propitiating speculative capital and India is no exception. We are witnessing the setting up of futures markets and derivative trading and all shorts of so-called hedging instruments which are actually only instruments for speculation. Those who deal with futures also heavily influence market prices. The direct producers have to dance to their tunes. But of course they are subject to the blind laws of the market and when the going is against them then those who suffer the most are these producers.

Indian Capitalist Economy and Market is in the Grip of Imperialist Capital

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We find that the most powerful imperialist power today is the biggest debtor country too. A good amount of this is spent on military expenditure and this sector of the economy is the military industrial complex which is an important part of the American economy. It is a glorious example of industries being run on state cost (Keyenesianism is still in practice in this case). The whole process is very complicated but this is facilitated by the fact the USA issues the most acceptable currency, the dollar. Today we find that a number of so-called third world countries are almost forced to accept the dollar as their currency. We can easily conjecture the amount of freedom that these countries can then have in farming their economic policies.

Those countries which suffer under the imperialist yoke and are broadly referred to as the third world have very different kind of economies and are at very different stages of development. On the one hand are countries like South Korea which are industrialized and on the other hand we find countries like Rwanda whose economies are dependent on the export on one ore two agricultural products. That is why find that there is heavy concentration of imperialist capital investment in a few third world countries. That is why in accordance with their conditions these countries took foreign loans in order to force the pace of capital accumulation. There are countries where the mines and farms are totally under the control of the imperialists and they are almost total control of their economies and politics. For example, we have the case of countries of Central America like Gautemala where the CIA masterminded a coup in 1954 in the interests of the “United Fruit Company” of the USA. Such countries have been nicknamed banana republics.

On the other hand, we find monopolies like “De Beers fanning fratricidal” wars in Africa in its interests. It has had its own hand in the conflicts of Sierra Leone and Angola which resulted in the illegal mining of diamonds, Burdened with a glut in diamonds now this company wants to put an end to such wars which had been financed by diamond mining. It has enlisted the help of the United Nations and the US President to stop the production of these diamonds dubbing them as conflict diamonds or blood diamonds. While analyzing our economy, we should keep in mind these differences among the third world economies. As Marx remarked, you cannot plunder a nation of cowherds in the same manner as a stock-jobbing nation. In keeping with the form of this plunder, we should fashion our anti-imperialism campaign. Before we elaborate on it, we should take the example of Cuba which is standing up to imperialism to US imperialism in particular.

Cuba is today compelled to build up its dollar reserves and gradually its economy is being dollarised. If this goes on, the conditions there will worsen and may lead to complete and naked domination of US imperialism over time. The Indian capitalist economy and market is in the grip of imperialist capital and the imperialist system and lends strength to the domination of this system. For example, the dictates of the imperialist world market are bringing about changes in the agrarian sector which the peasantry is spontaneously adopting on account of the attractive market prices. When disaster strikes the toiling peasantry learns to its dismay how costly the whole game is and it is not possible for them to dance to the tune of world market prices. If they want to keep in step they are bound to face the consequences of the cotton producing peasantry of Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh who committed suicide after their dreams of windfall gains soured. This market economy is subject to the vicissitudes of the imperialist world market and is dominated and subordinated to it.

Place of Democratic Capitalism in the Era of Imperialism

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To think of supplanting this socialization with the capitalism of the era of free competition, with democratic capitalism has described by him as a petty-bourgeois fantasy and he pointed out the need for removal of the capitalist shell of this socialized system and its replacement by socialism. It is not that imperialism abolishes competition. It is only that imperialism intensifies all the contradictions of capitalism which cannot but lead to proletarian revolutions.

Today when after the defeat of the first round of proletarian revolutions we talk of the alternative to the imperialist system, many in our camp do not think in terms of socialism. Historically, it was only the socialist system which was posing an affective resistance to imperialism. Today when those countries which valiantly fought and defeated imperialism are trying to build their market economies they are being compelled to depend upon imperialist capital. But our friends dream of building independent capitalism. As it is the wont of the weapons of capitalism. But imperialism is the highest stage of capitalism and it is big capital, monopoly capital which gobbles up small capital. Subordinates small capital to itself but from this we should not understand that only monopoly capital exists in the era of imperialism. Such a pure imperialism has never existed, does not exist and will never exist.

Imperialism exists on the basis of capitalism. But it makes the coming into being of independent capitals very difficult and in the course of competition if such a capital is to exist it has to collaborate with imperialist or monopoly capital. In opposition to imperialism Lenin had not suggested the ideal of any free competition, democratic capitalism and in his debate with Kautsky had dubbed the call to establish such capitalism in this era of imperialism a reactionary utopia. Today whether it is Cuba or North Koria or for that matter Vietnam, the historical experience of all these countries proves this. On the other hand, we find that the market is unable to function. Not only that this system is mired in crisis and that that great speculator George Soros has to admit that capitalism has collapsed but that in Russia, for example, barter is being resorted to.

Today world politics has taken a reactionary, right turn and when paeans are being sung to the market, our petty-bourgeois theoreticians have lost faith in socialism as an economic system. They are today negating the experience of the Soviet Union of the days of Lenin-Stalin. They are displaying such faith in the market or the capitalist system that they can only think of maneuvering within this system, in the interstices of this system as it were. That is why these people want to limit themselves to small movements of the NGOs or to NGOish movements if we not take such campaigns against imperialism movements.

If we take not of such campaigns against imperialism we will find a number of such attempts like the much hyped New International Economic Order. They only succeeded in blunting the edge of anti-imperialist struggles by sweet lullabies of democratizing and reforming imperialism. That is why at the very outset we warned against understanding imperialism as some policy, some tactic or conspiracy. If we see the problems arising out of imperialist rule as any such policy, we are bound to come up with similar projects and suffer from delusions of democratizing imperialism.

Place of Imperialism in the Stage of Unemployment and Crisis

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In order to overcome its crisis imperialism is taking monopoly to new heights. It has become so parasitic that the biggest imperialist econo9my has become the biggest debtor country and its economy remains well-oiled due to military expenditure. We have seen that certain changes in technology facilitated the distribution of the reduction of the single product among different countries. In keeping with these changes and other factors enumerated above, the backward countries gave a number of concessions or were forced to do so to imperialist capital. They created free trade zones where labour laws did not apply or were relaxed and they were also given many tax concessions and export-import rules etc. were also relaxed. This further led to the parasitism of imperialism. A country like the United States becomes a net importer of goods and Britain is undergoing de-industrialization. With this started the campaign to break the back of the organized workers movement and the trade unions. The coal miners strike in the 80s and the Liverpool dockworkers strike in the 90s had to face defeat signaling the end of the power of the trade unions in Britain, the land of the most powerful trade union movement. In this context, it may be remarked that if the process of defeats of the working class in the imperialist countries has to be reversed and if they are to resist the attacks of capital then the workers will have to break with opportunism. Only then will they can link up with their brethren in the backward countries and form a front against imperialism. Otherwise they will have to face further attacks on their livelihood and finance capital will derive its profits from the exploitation of the so-called third world countries. After the opportunist practice of yesteryear the working class has been left weaponless and only a resolute break with opportunism can save the day. With this arises the question of the reconstruction of the communist movement.

Imperialism is devising means to put a cap on growth which shows its moribundity. It has taken recourse to the destruction of entire economies in the interests of speculative capital and it is everywhere bent on using its jackboots at the slightest pretext which show that truly it has become senile. In spite of putting unbearable burdens upon the world peoples it is unable to pull itself out of the crisis. In this context, the question arises that how long will this phase of resolution of inter-imperialist contradictions through threats and agreements last? Tomorrow it might not be possible to come to a common agreement to loot the world peoples and then the inter-imperialist contradictions will sharpen and the world peoples will surly try to find a way out of these contradictions though they will have to face untold sufferings. Today when the world proletarian revolution has met with a temporary defeat and the world peoples still have faith in this system then the proletariat will have to follow a sharp and resolute policy to neutralize the vacillation of this mass. Such a war can only be fought under the banner of socialism since it is only the socialist system which can free the world peoples from the scourge of the imperialist system and its crises. We are in need of international efforts and internationalism to fulfill the historical tasks of the working class. Any talk of fulfillment of the historical tasks of the working class must involve endeavors at the international level and internationalism. We, of course, are to make our revolutions in the national arena. The international character of the proletarian revolution is the expression of the unity of the world imperialist economy while the outbreaks of the revolution in different countries at different times are the expression of the uneven development of its separate parts. This is the dialectics of the national and international.

To maintain the conditions of capitalist accumulation it has become necessary to destroy the productive forces so that the super-profits of the handful of magnates of finance capital can be maintained. The situation before us is stark either we construct socialism with the means of these advanced productive forces or face destruction to maintain the empire of capital. We are standing at such a historical juncture that the choice before us is socialism or barbarism. Imperialism is a great enemy of the world peoples and in our country it works through the Indian capitalist system. In order to overthrow imperialist rule from our country we will have to overthrow the rule of capital in India. And this can only be accomplished under the leadership of the direct opponents of capital – the working class and this can be achieved in alliance with the poor peasantry and other toilers of town and country. Only such a strategic perspective can lead us to taking up the anti-imperialist struggle in the right direction.

साम्राज्यवादी-पूंजीवादी संकट समाजवाद की जरूरत को रेखांकित करता है - Socialism is the Option of Crisis of Capitalism

2009-07-13T21:11:00.000-07:00

पूंजीवाद बार-बार संकट में फंसता है। इन संकटों में पूंजी के सारे अंतर्विरोध जोरदार ढंग से जाहिर होते हैं। साम्राज्यवाद को हम लोग पूंजीवाद की चरम अवस्था मानते हैं। लाजिमी है कि इस अवस्था में पूंजीवादी संकट और बड़े आकार धारण करते हैं तथा पूरे विश्व को अपनी चपेट में लेते हैं। बार-बार ऐसा होता है और उसके बाद अपेक्षाकृत द्रुत विकास का दौर आता हैं। ऐसे समय में तात्कालिकता का फायदा उठाकर बुर्जुवा अर्थशास्त्री मौजूदा पूंजीवादी दौर कि श्रेष्ठता का ऐलान करते हैं और कहते हैं कि अब पूंजीवाद ने अपनी त्रुटियों से निजात पा लिया हैं। जैसे, मौजूदा दौर में उनका कहना था कि सूचना क्रांति के चलते पूंजीवादी बाजारों में अब 'सूचना' कि कमी नहीं है और हम इस बात को भांप सकते हैं कि जोखिम किस बात में है। वित्तीय बाजारों में हो रहे नविन परिवर्तनों का गुडगान करते हुए बताया जाता था कि अब जोखिम का बेहतर प्रबंधन हो गया है और अब पिछले संकटों जैसी स्तिथि नही आने वाली है। जब बाजारों में स्तिथि बिगड़ने लगती तो उसे 'विश्वास का संकट' बताया जाता और वित्त मंत्रियों या केंद्रीय बैंक के गवर्नरों के द्वारा जरी वक्तव्यों से माना जाता कि स्तिथि संभल जायेगी। ज्यादा से ज्यादा यह किया जाता कि कुछ वित्तीय व मुद्रा सम्बन्धी कदम उठाए जाते। इसी ओर लक्षित हमारे वित्त मंत्री के आश्वासन भी रहे हैं। लेकिन वित्तीय बाजारों में तथा उत्पादन के क्षेत्र में इसका अब थोड़ा भी असर दिखाई नहीं देता। निर्यात कम हो रहें हैं और इस क्षेत्र में ऋणात्मक विकास दर दिखाई देने लगे हैं। इसी तरह इश्पात व अन्य क्षेत्रों में उत्पादन घटाया जा रहा है। लाजिमी है कि ऐसे में मजदूर वर्ग पर सबसे ज्यादा असर पड़ेगा। जेट ऐरवेज हो या पेप्सीको या वस्त्र उद्योग हर जगह मजदूरों को निकला जा रहा है। इतना ही नहीं उद्योगपतियों के एक शीर्ष संगठन एसोचैम (ASSOCHAM) ने अपनी रिपोर्ट में यह बताया था कि आने वाले दिनों में कुल कामगारों के 25 % से ज्यादा कि छतनिया होने कि आशंका है। इस पर तुंरत वित्त मंत्री पी चिदम्बरम ने फटकार लगायी और कहा कि ऐसा कुछ नही होने वाला है। लेकिन यह चुनाओं को ध्यान में रखकर कि गई बातें हैं और इससे कोई फर्क पड़ने वाला नही है। संयुक्त राज्य अमरीका में 'विश्वास बनाने' कि ऐसी चालें असफल हैं और यही स्तिथि पुरे विश्व की है। यह संकट बाजारों कि नाकामयाबी के विश्वास का संकट नही है बल्कि यह जमीनी हकीकत है और हकीकत लुभावनी बातों से नहीं बदलती।

यह हकीकत पूंजीवाद-साम्राज्यवाद के विशिष्ट चरित्र से जुड़ी है। लेकिन बात को इस रूप में पेश ही नहीं किया जाता, हालाँकि सूत्र रूप में यह माना जाता है कि संकट पूंजीवादी है। इस सूत्र के बावजूद जो बातें कही जाती हैं वो इस तरह कि लगती हैं मनो कुछ नीतियों के चलते ही ऐसा हो रहा हैं। नीतियाँ संकट को प्रभावित जरूर करती हैं और वे इसे कुछ कम कर सकती हैं या फ़िर भयंकर बना सकती हैं। लेकिन नीतियाँ तो वास्तविक अर्थव्यवस्था व मजदूर-मेहनतकश और पूंजीपति वर्ग के आपसी संबंधों से तय होती है। इस संकट के कारणों में जो बातें गिनाई जाती हैं उनमे मोटे तौर पर ये हैं - उन्मुक्त बाजार कि नोतियों ने ऐसी स्तिथि पैदा कि है; वित्तीय बाजारों का अधिक से अधिक स्वतंत्र होना व नियमन का अभाव, केन्द्रीय बैंकों कि ऐसी मुद्रा सम्बन्धी नीतियाँ जिससे बाजारों में मुद्रा तरलता रही, निजी क्षेत्र को मनमाना करने कि छूट, संयुक्त राज्य अमरीका का सबसे बड़ा कर्जदार देश बनना, आदि। इससे पैदा हुए ऐसे ऋण सम्बन्धी व्यवहार जिसके कारण गृह खरीद या निर्माण के लिए दिए गए 'सब प्राइम लोन' (निम्न कोटि के ऋण जिसकी वापसी के आसार कम थे) व बड़े पैमाने पर उपभोक्ता ऋण जैसी चीजों को बढावा मिला। गयात हो कि इसी 'सब-प्राइम लोन' पर भुगतान का न हो पाना ही इस संकट का कारण माना जाता है। इन ऋणों पर आधारित डेरिवेटिव्ज (derivatives) बने और फ़िर उन पर और प्रतिभूतियां बनी और बेचीं गई। इन्हें बड़े पैमाने पर अमरीका के ही नहीं विश्व के दुसरे देशों के वित्तीय संस्थाओं व बैंकों ने भी ख़रीदा। इसके अलावा इसके चलते एक परिसंपति बुलबुला (asset bubble) का भी निर्माण हुआ। घरों के दम बढे और इन्हें गिरवी रखकर ऋण लिए गए। फ़िर गृह निर्माण कार्य में तेजी के चलते अमरीका के बाकि क्षेत्रों में भी माना कि बढोतरी हुई और एक सम्पन्नता का सामान बना। इसके बल पर खूब सट्टेबाजी हुई जिसमें उत्पादन के क्षेत्र में सट्टेबाज निवेश में शामिल हैं और अंत में जब बुलबुला फुटा तो सभी इसके साथ प्रभावित हुए यदि लीमैन ब्रदर्स जैसी बड़ी वित्तीय निवेशक कंपनी को अपने को दिवालिया घोषित करना पड़ा तो अन्य प्रमुख वित्तीय निवेशक संस्थानों को अपने को इस कोटि से हटाकर महज व्यावसायिक बैंक घोषित करना पड़ा और ऐसी स्तिथि का ताँता लगा रहा। सरकार को बड़े पैमाने पर बचाव करना पड़ा। विश्व कि सबसे बड़ी बिमा कंपनी AIG को दिवालियेपन से बचने के लिए सरकार ने उसके करीब 80 % शेयर ख़रीदे और इस तरह उसका सारतः राष्ट्रीयकरण हो गया। निजी पूंजी और उन्मुक्त बाजार के पैरोकारों ने आख़िर राष्ट्रीयकरण किया और कई तरह से वित्तीय संस्थानों को हानि से बचाया। संयुक्त राज्य अमरीका में इस तरह के बचावों का ताता लग गया। इतना ही नहीं इस तरह से सरकारों ने पूरे विश्व में वित्तीय संस्थानो को बचाया। यह रहा मुनाफा का निजीकरण और हानि का समाजीकरण! उन्मुक्त बाजार का एशोगान करने वालों ने मुहं की खाई।

उन्मुक्त बाजारों के विरोधी और राजकीय पूंजी के हिमायती धरों की बन आई। उन्होंने वित्तीय बाजारों के नियमन व मांग को बढाने वाले सरकारी निवेश की किन्सवादी नीतियों की पैरवी शुरू कर दी है। ऐसा करते हुए उन्होंने संकट के चरित्र व उससे पैदा हुई संभावनाओं से इंकार ही किया है। ऐसा करने में हमारे देश के नामधारी कम्युनिस्ट पार्टियों से लेकर विश्व से कई वामपंथी हलके शामिल हैं। संकट की असली जड़ क्या है? यह है वह पूंजीवादी व्यवस्था जहाँ उत्पादन का द्रुत विकास एक तरफ़ धन का संकेन्द्रण करता है तो दूसरी तरफ़ दरिद्रीकरण। इन सीमाओं के बीच में ही उपभोग की परिस्तिथिया बनती है। ऐसे अंतर्विरोधों पर खड़ी व्यवस्था में धन संकेन्द्रण एक सरदर्द भी बनता है क्योंकि उसका निवेश होना जरूरी है। हम यदि पूंजीवादी उत्पादन का ध्येय उपभोग मानते हैं तो यह ग़लत है। पूंजीवादी उत्पादन और धन कमाने के लिए होता है और यह एक अंतहीन प्रक्रिया हैं। कोई पूंजीपति अपने व्यक्तिगत उपभोग के लिए उत्पादन नहीं करता वरन मुनाफा के लिए करता हैं यानि पूंजी से और पूंजी बनाने के लिए। यही प्रक्रिया जब थम जाती हैं तो संकट का काल आता हैं और बैंक डूबने से लेकर उत्पादन में कटौती होती हैं। मजदूरों की छटनी होती हैं तथा उपभोग और कम होता जाता हैं। एक तरफ़ उत्पादन साधन निठल्ले पड़े रहते हैं तो दूसरी तरफ़ मजदूर। समाज में तो हर चीज की जरूरत बनी रहती हैं तब क्यों फैक्टरियां बंद रहती हैं और मजदूर बेकार? इसलिए की पूंजी के संबंधों के तहत अब ये कम नही कर सकते यानि पूंजीपति को मुनाफा नहीं होता। पिछले दशकों में संयुक्त राज्य अमरीका और पूरे विश्व में धन का बहूत संकेन्द्रण हुआ हैं। इस धन के निवेश को जगह नही मिलने पर सट्टेबाजियां शुरू हुई। 'सब-प्राइम लोन' से लेकर 'वित्तीय नवीकरण' की जड़ इसी में हैं। इसके अलावा साम्राज्यवादी विश्व के सम्बन्ध दुनिया भर से वित्तीय स्रोतों को खिंच कर संयुक्त राज्य अमिरिका में ले आया। इसने अमरीका को सबसे बड़ा कर्जदार देश बनाया। द्रुत गति से विकसित होने वाले चीन जैसे देशों को अत्यधिक बचत यहाँ चली आती हैं। लेकिन गरीबी की हालातों में भी वहां ज्यादा बचत होने का मतलब क्या हैं? इसका मतलब हैं की वहाँ धन का अत्यधिक संकेन्द्रण हैं जिसे पूंजीगत निवेश के लिए लगाया नही जा सकता। गरीब जनता के उपभोग की सीमाएं इसे वर्जित करती हैं। ऐसे में यह धन संयुक्त रही अमरीका आता हैं। यहाँ के डालर की विश्व मुद्रा की विशेषाधिकार वाली स्तिथि व उसकी राजनितिक-सामरिक क्षमता इस धन के 'सुरक्षित' निवेश को आकर्षित करती हैं। यहाँ के सिक्यूरिटी बाजार में निवेश किया जाता हैं और सट्टेबाजी में भी। इसी का एक भाग वहाँ बड़े पैमाने पर दिए जाने वाले उपभोग ऋणों को संभव बनता हैं। पूंजीवादी-साम्राज्यवादी व्यवस्था के मूलभूत अंतर्विरोधों पर ध्यान नही देकर इसमें उन्मुक्त बाजार की स्तिथि, राजकीय हस्तक्षेप व नियमन के अभाव को संकट के कारन बताया जाता हैं। ये तो महज यह दिखाते हैं की वित्त पूंजी की मौजूदा शक्ति और उसकी राजनितिक स्तिथि ने उसकी कार्यसूची को पूर्णतः लागू करने में मदद की। वित्त पूंजी सट्टेबाज चरित्र की होती हैं और वित्त पूंजी के पूर्ण वर्चस्व की स्तिथि में सट्टेबाजी को सुगम बनाने वाली नीतियाँ लागू की गई। पिछली सदी के 90 के दशक में जब पूर्व समाजवादी देशों में खुले रूप से पूंजीवाद की विजय हुई और सोवियत संघ का विघटन हो गया तो पूंजीवाद की श्रेष्ठता का जयगान होने लगा। पूंजीवादी हलकों की यह हेकडी देखने लायक थी। मजदूर वर्ग की एतिहासिक हार ने उसकी हेकड़ी को हद तक बढ़ा दिया और पूंजीवाद के अलावा 'कोई विकल्प नहीं हैं' के तहत उसने उन्मुक्त बाजार के एजेंडे को आगे बढाया (यह उन्मुक्त बाजार बस उसके मनमाना करने की छूट के अलावा कुछ नहीं हैं)। आज डूबने की स्तिथि में सरकारी बचावों ने उसका पर्दाफाश कर दिया हैं।

ऐसी स्तिथि में संयुक्त राज्य अमरीका में 'न्यू डील' की मांग हो रही हैं। न्यू डील ने पिछली सदी के 30 के दशक में आई महामंदी से उबरने में मदद की थी। यह एक बहूत बड़े आकर का कार्यक्रम था जिसमें सरकारी कार्यक्रमों की भरमार थी। किन्स्वादी हर जगह इसी तरह की चीज की वकालत करते हैं। वास्तविकता क्या हैं? यह ठीक हैं की इसने एक हद तक स्तिथि को सँभालने में मदद की लेकिन यह भी सही हैं की स्तिथि केवल द्वितीय विश्व युद्घ ने ही संभाली। पूरे अमरीका में निठ्ठला पड़े संसाधनों का उसी के चलते राजकीय नियमन व योजना के तहत प्रयोग हो पाया और इसी से लोगों को रोजगार भी मिला। यह दीखता हैं की कैसे साम्राज्यवाद को समाजवाद के सदृश रूपों को अपनाना पड़ता हैं। लेकिन अंतर्वस्तु में यह बिल्कुल विपरीत हैं और यह वर्ग खाई पर खड़ा होता हैं। यहाँ वस्तुतः जनता की सुख-समृधि के लिए नही बल्कि विनाश करने के लिए संसाधनों का उपयोग हुआ यानि विश्व युद्घ के लिए, जिससे वित्त पूंजी के मालिकों का बेशुमार मुनाफा हुआ। जाहिर हैं की पूंजीवाद-साम्राज्यवाद की स्तिथि में ऐसी योजना युद्घ अर्थवयवस्था के तहत ही हो सकती थी। नृशंस हत्याओं की जमीं पर ही यह योजना साकार हो पाई। ऐसे में समाजवाद को विकल्प के रूप में न पेश कर वामपंथी अर्थशाश्त्री यदि मांग बढोतरी, राष्ट्रीयकरण, वित्तीय बाजारों के नियमन के नुस्खे पेश कर रहे हैं तो वे अपना पूंजीवादी चरित्र ही दिखा रहे हैं। आज समाजवाद की श्रेष्ठता फ़िर साबित हो रही हैं। केवल एक ऐसी व्यवस्था ही संकट का सही इलाज हो सकती हैं जहाँ मुट्ठीभर हाथों में धन का संकेन्द्रण न हो और जहाँ अपार संसाधनों का उपयोग जनता के जीवन को सुखी बनाने में हो। वहां उत्पादन का नियोजन होगा और बाजार की अंधी शक्तियों का बोलबाला नही होगा और न ही संकट होंगे और न ही उसके साथ होने वाले विनाश। जब पुछली सदी के तीस के दशक में पूरा पूंजीवादी विश्व संकट तले कराह रहा था तो समाजवादी सोवियत संघ में लोग खुशहाली देख रहे थे। आज भी केवल समाजवादी समाज ही इस संकट का वास्तविक जनपक्षीय हल कर सकता हैं।