tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-68428922024-03-07T00:29:34.569-05:00DeuzeblogPersonal Irregular Blog on Research, Teaching, Media Life Work Play.Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.comBlogger436125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-54817669416043460062022-11-07T11:34:00.007-05:002022-11-07T12:03:33.218-05:00Taking the Mental Health and Well-Being of Media Professionals Seriously<p><span style="font-family: inherit;">During my (all in all about 7-year) career as a journalist, I've had some experiences that could qualify as profoundly enjoyable - meeting my heroes, doing great interviews, getting a story on the front page - as well as deeply depressing. Ever since I became a fulltime academic, I've interviewed, observed, and met with <a href="https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Media+Work-p-9780745639253" target="_blank">media professionals around the world</a>, in various fields (journalism, advertising, digital game development, film and television, music), and I have consistently been surprised with how they 'make it work' under often extremely difficult and sometimes problematic circumstances.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;">In recent years, those personal and professional interests have come together as various media industries in different parts of the world have produced reports about what they consider to be something of a '<a href="https://variety.com/2020/film/directors/uk-film-tv-mental-health-crisis-film-and-tv-charity-1203502271/" target="_blank">mental health crisis</a>' among media professionals. Together with my friend <a href="https://www.amsterdamumc.org/en/research/researchers/karen-nieuwenhuijsen.htm" target="_blank">Dr Karen Nieuwenhuijsen</a> at the Amsterdam University Medical Center - who specialises in work-related mental disorders - we are in the process of collating data and research on (the management and working conditions of) media professionals with what we know about <span>work-related psychosocial risk factors for stress-related mental disorders. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span>Since 2022, I am presenting our work-in-progress at various conferences and university settings, such as the </span><a href="https://sites.google.com/view/hodj2022/program?authuser=0" target="_blank">Histories of Digital Journalism</a><span> conference in Budapest (25 June 6 2022), the <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1d2wiLjPmOaZ_lE9laqQuhOXelxoULavd/view" target="_blank">Journalism in Times of Conflict and Tension</a> conference in Sheffield (8 November 2022), and in seminars at the <a href="https://www.unipg.it/en/" target="_blank">University of Perugia</a> (18 November 2022) and the <a href="https://www.sydney.edu.au/arts/schools/school-of-art-communication-and-english/media-and-communications.html" target="_blank">University of Sydney</a> (29 November 2022). We are always looking for comments and feedback, as we feel strongly about this project and the significance of our findings.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;">In short, this is our argument - as we are currently (Fall/Winter 2022) writing this into a full paper:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span>•</span><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><span>Recent industry reports as well as increased scholarly attention uncovers a ‘<a href="https://variety.com/2020/film/directors/uk-film-tv-mental-health-crisis-film-and-tv-charity-1203502271/" target="_blank">mental health crisis</a>’ or '<a href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-features/hollywoods-mental-health-reckoning-has-arrived-1269807/">mental health reckoning</a>' among and for media professionals (and journalists in particular);</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span>•</span><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><span>Specifically for journalism, there is a well-established literature on the hazardous nature of journalists covering trauma, war and conflict; of the harassment, <a href="https://en.unesco.org/publications/thechilling" target="_blank">bulling and violence experienced by female journalists all over the world</a>; and of threats to journalists working in specific countries (such as: Mexico, Russia, Kenya, etc) because of the state, crime and criminals, ethnic pressure groups and tensions, and so on. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span>•</span><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><span>In this project, the focus is on the mundane, banal and everyday aspects of health and wellbeing that affect everyone on the job, which can be considered as typical for what working in the media is like.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span>•</span><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><span>Why should we care about the well-being of media workers (journalists, actors, game developers, programmers, vloggers, musicians, production crews, creatives, and so on)? We focus on our ethical duty of care for what we study; our students’ motivations for choosing courses in media, communication and journalism; consider the <a href="https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2001-18751-005" target="_blank">link between happiness and quality of work</a>; and the potential for scholarly critique to land (or: for research to have impact).</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span>•</span><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><span>Explanations where this mental health crisis comes from (using <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15205436.2016.1174268" target="_blank">the hierarchy of influences model by Reese & Shoemaker</a> to unpack this on different levels of analysis); macro: imbalance between occupational ideology and everyday realities of media management; meso: industry deregulation, impact social media/platforms/digital transformation and rise of atypical media work; micro: <a href="http://kau.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1472594&dswid=-7512" target="_blank">decline of professional autonomy</a>, significance of immaterial labor/bringing ‘the whole self’ to the job/intrinsic motivation versus the industrial/formulaic/routinized nature of the work.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span>•</span><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><span>Key issue: what exactly turns pressures, stressors, and other potentially problematic aspects of media work into people getting sick on the job? </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span>•</span><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><span>Using the <a href="https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/7/e034849" target="_blank">literature on work-related psychosocial risk factors for stress-related mental disorders,</a> there is evidence for three key factors exhibiting the largest increased risk of stress-related disorders: lack of reciprocity at work, low organizational justice, and unusual high job demands. These three factors are applied to the typical circumstances of media work.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span>•</span><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><span>Conclusion is a paradox: <i>what makes media work special is also what can make people sick</i>: the very elements that can contribute to mental illness – <a href="https://www.aup.nl/en/book/9789462988118/making-media" target="_blank">a highly pressured, dynamic, informally organized and overall intense working environment (where people do a lot of emotional labor)</a> - also add to the attractiveness of the work.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>The question must be asked: what can we do? Answers - beyond taking mental health and well-being seriously and gaining some nuanced awareness on the issues involved - include: developing relevant and contextually sensitive <a href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-british-journal-of-psychiatry/article/mental-health-literacy/5563369643662EC541F33D1DD307AD35" target="_blank">mental health literacy</a>, promoting the principles of <a href="https://le.ac.uk/-/media/uol/docs/research-institutes/cameo/cameo-cuts/cameo-cuts-1-v1.pdf" target="_blank">creative justice</a> (link to PDF by Mark Banks), and cultivating emancipatory <a href="https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/09696471311288519/full/html" target="_blank">mental models</a> for (professional identities in) media work.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; line-height: 24px; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-8496079786709952612022-09-12T02:49:00.002-04:002022-09-12T02:49:23.409-04:00Liefde als Basis voor Management en Onderwijs<p><b><span style="font-size: medium;"> Liefde als Basis voor Management en Onderwijs</span></b></p><p class="graf graf--p graf--empty" name="2eb1">(ook <a href="https://medium.com/@markdeuze/liefde-als-basis-voor-management-en-onderwijs-3bae5ada4f70" target="_blank">gepubliceerd op Medium</a>)</p><p class="graf graf--p graf--empty" name="2eb1"><br /></p><p class="graf graf--p" name="1cd8"><strong class="markup--strong markup--p-strong">Toespraak 5 september 2022</strong></p><p class="graf graf--p" name="b813">Mark Deuze, opening academisch jaar UvA — uitgesproken op 5 september 2022 (video beschikbaar op <a class="markup--anchor markup--p-anchor" data-href="https://vimeo.com/747623930" href="https://vimeo.com/747623930" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Vimeo</a> en <a class="markup--anchor markup--p-anchor" data-href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2n8cPGdtTGc&ab_channel=MarkDeuze" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2n8cPGdtTGc&ab_channel=MarkDeuze" rel="noopener" target="_blank">YouTube</a>).</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="120b"><em class="markup--em markup--p-em">Thema: Democratie en Onderwijs</em></p><p class="graf graf--p" name="7b95">In mijn verhaal ga ik graag in op de manier waarop de moderne universiteit om gaat (of zou moeten gaan) met ‘democratie’. Daarbij maak ik een onderscheid tussen de democratie in <em class="markup--em markup--p-em">enge</em> zin — als een reeks instituten, spelregels en protocollen — en democratie in <em class="markup--em markup--p-em">brede</em> zin — als een levenslang proces van collectief verantwoordelijkheid nemen voor het maken en bewaken van een betere wereld.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="032a">Democratie kan je op deze manier opvatten als hetzij loyaliteit en dienst aan een systeem, dan wel vooral iets wat we voortdurend zowel individueel als samen maken en doen (en daardoor altijd in beweging blijft).</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="e045">Nu gaat het in de media en ook in de discussie vandaag al snel over een ‘crisis’ in de democratie. Mensen stemmen niet of nauwelijks meer, vooral jongeren hebben weinig vertrouwen in de politiek en in de journalistiek die de macht controleert, en het ongenoegen over het functioneren van de staat neemt toe onder allerlei groepen in de samenleving.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="0fac">De democratie in enge zin beleeft inderdaad moeilijke tijden. Als we de definitie van democratie verbreden, zie ik juist een heel ander beeld. In mijn vakgebied — en dat van Professor de Vreese — media en communicatie, is er tegelijkertijd sprake van een wereldwijde opleving van politieke betrokkenheid en activisme. Democratie als handelingspraktijk, waarbij mensen voor elkaar opkomen en knokken voor een betere wereld, lijkt juist springlevend.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="c1b3">De zogenaamde ‘crisis’ in de democratie lijkt, vooral via media, daarmee vooral een crisis van betekenis.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="96a5">Kijk bijvoorbeeld naar de (sociale) media, wat zien we daar de laatste jaren gebeuren? In de context van het 15-jarig bestaan (onlangs, op 23 augustus) van de hashtag op sociale media, denk eens aan De Arabische lente. Occupy Wall Street en de wereldwijde #PlanetOccupy beweging. #Metoo. #Climatestrike. #BlackLivesMatter. Internationale mobilisering van steun voor Oekraïne, en ook steun voor Rusland via #ProPutin (vooral in de BRICS landen, waar deze oorlog er in media totaal anders uit ziet dan bij ons).</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="0460">We zien allerlei vormen van activisme en politiek engagement in sociale en digitale media, gedreven door zowel passievol enthousiasme als aanjagende algoritmen. Ook in de ‘traditionele’ media komt democratisch bewustzijn overal voor. Film- en televisiemakers verwerken in toenemende mate maatschappelijke thema’s in hun werk. Vloggers en influencers verliezen hun geloofwaardigheid als ze zich niet regelmatig uitspreken over allerlei politiek gevoelige issues. Sterren en artiesten zoals de Amerikaanse zangeres Taylor Swift en de Zuid-Koreaanse groep BTS verbinden zich aan talloze goede doelen — van UNICEF tot LHBTI-rechten, van het milieu tot gezonder eten.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="b235">De mediatisering van de democratie is met andere woorden in volle gang, waarmee onze media-omgeving een cruciaal terrein is waarin sociale betrokkenheid plaatsvindt en betekenis krijgt. We leven in media, en in media zijn we gewend dat de werkelijkheid zich aanpast aan ons, in plaats van dat wij ons simpelweg voegen tot de werkelijkheid. In media maken we een wereld — met onze kliks, swipes, en likes — en dat gevoel komt terug in wat mensen verwachten van democratie.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="2518">Als we de democratie op de universiteit willen steunen en versterken of zelfs nieuw leven willen inblazen, moeten we de ervaring en betekenis van ‘democratie’ wellicht anders (en opnieuw) aanvliegen.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="f01d">In termen van democratie in <em class="markup--em markup--p-em">enge</em> zin moeten we daarom ervoor zorgen dat we zelf een democratische instelling zijn — niet alleen qua spelregels en protocollen (zoals inspraakprocedures en medezeggenschap), ook in de pedagogiek, het bestuur en de cultuur van de organisatie.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="5cca">In <em class="markup--em markup--p-em">brede</em> zin betekent ‘democratie’ als een hoopvolle handelingspraktijk op onze universiteit dat studenten en docenten — soms in samenwerking met mensen en organisaties buiten de instelling — het onderwijs samen vormgeven, met daarbinnen ruimte voor individuele verschillen.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="97c0">Wat nu opvallend is, is dat juist de laatste jaren overal op de universiteit spannende, creatieve, inspirerende en innovatieve vormen van democratisch onderwijs ontstaan.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="fe24">Hiermee maken we op onze universiteit democratie (zowel in onderwijs en onderzoek) herkenbaar als iets wat je (samen) maakt — in plaats van iets wat je overkomt, of als een systeem waarnaar je je dient te voegen.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="fc91">Een kleine selectie van voorbeelden van op democratische waarden — zoals participatie, gemeenschap, co-creatie, betrokkenheid, zelfstandigheid, gelijkwaardigheid en inspraak — gebaseerde onderwijs (en onderzoeks-) initiatieven op de UvA uit de laatste tijd (in het besef dat dit slechts het topje van de ijsberg is):</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="c127">· Het jarenlange werk van het Instituut for Interdisciplinaire Studies (IIS), zoals de <a class="markup--anchor markup--p-anchor" data-href="https://iis.uva.nl/onderwijsontwikkeling/create-a-course-challenge/create-a-course-challenge.html" href="https://iis.uva.nl/onderwijsontwikkeling/create-a-course-challenge/create-a-course-challenge.html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">UvA Create a Course challenge</a> en de <a class="markup--anchor markup--p-anchor" data-href="https://iis.uva.nl/onderwijsontwikkeling/nu-in-ontwikkeling/ontwikkeling.html#Toolbox-voor-Transitiemakers" href="https://iis.uva.nl/onderwijsontwikkeling/nu-in-ontwikkeling/ontwikkeling.html#Toolbox-voor-Transitiemakers" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Toolbox van Transitiemakers</a> (waarbij het IIS samenwerkt met de TU Eindhoven, Universiteit van Wageningen en de Universiteit van Utrecht aan een dynamische, open source toolbox op het gebied van het leren vormgeven van (maatschappelijke) transities;</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="31cc">· De <a class="markup--anchor markup--p-anchor" data-href="https://www.recimpact.nl/collaborate" href="https://www.recimpact.nl/collaborate" rel="noopener" target="_blank">REC impact hub</a>: een nieuw project op de Roeterseilandcampus van de afdelingen Economie, Rechten en de FMG om studenten en docenten ruimte te bieden voor het gezamenlijk aanpakken van sociale problematiek;</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="6a4f">· het <a class="markup--anchor markup--p-anchor" data-href="https://www.demonstratorlab.nl/" href="https://www.demonstratorlab.nl/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Demonstrator Lab op het Science Park</a>, waarbij iedereen op de UvA de kans krijgt om met begeleiding innovatieve ideeen om te vormen tot werkbare producten en diensten;</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="fb64">· Nog zo’n Lab op het Science Park is het ook al nieuwe <a class="markup--anchor markup--p-anchor" data-href="https://lab42.uva.nl/" href="https://lab42.uva.nl/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">LAB42</a>, een internationale kunstmatige intelligentie en digitale innovatie werkplek voor studenten, staf en bedrijven — een initiatief van het Informatics Institute en het Institute for Logic, Language and Computation (ILLC).</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="9df2">· het <a class="markup--anchor markup--p-anchor" data-href="https://www.uva.nl/over-de-uva/organisatie/faculteiten/faculteit-der-geesteswetenschappen/fgw-in-de-stad/humanitieslab/humanitieslab.html" href="https://www.uva.nl/over-de-uva/organisatie/faculteiten/faculteit-der-geesteswetenschappen/fgw-in-de-stad/humanitieslab/humanitieslab.html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Humanities Lab</a>, een langlopend project van de faculteit FGW om studenten, docenten en alumni ruimte en begeleiding te bieden bij het ontwikkelen van sociaal en cultureel ondernemerschap.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="eceb">· binnen mijn eigen afdeling, Media Studies, zijn er voorbeelden zoals het internationale <a class="markup--anchor markup--p-anchor" data-href="https://wiki.digitalmethods.net/Dmi/DmiAbout" href="https://wiki.digitalmethods.net/Dmi/DmiAbout" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Digital Methods Initiative</a>, waarbij er elke zomer en winter door studenten, hackers, journalisten en onderzoekers uit de hele wereld samengewerkt wordt om aan de hand van data maatschappelijke kwesties in kaart te brengen.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="1481">· Ook bestaat er sinds kort het <a class="markup--anchor markup--p-anchor" data-href="https://www.buzzhouse.co/" href="https://www.buzzhouse.co/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Buzzhouse</a>, een fysieke ruimte en creatieve gemeenschap van studenten, staf en alumni van de FGW op het gebied van mediaproductie en kunst.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="ea5d">· Binnen mijn eigen team van Journalistiek en Media bieden we sinds jaar en dag het Master keuzevak Creativity, Entrepreneurship and Innovation in the Humanities aan (verzorgd door Mirjam Prenger in samenwerking met het Humanities Lab) waarbij studenten onder begeleiding de kans krijgen een eigen bedrijf te ontwikkelen gericht op het oplossen van maatschappelijke problemen.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="5faa">· In mijn eigen onderwijs nodig ik studenten uit niet alleen hun parate kennis, maar juist ook hun gevoelens en opinies over media met elkaar te delen, bijvoorbeeld via het in groepsverband maken van korte (en veelal speelse) video’s over de media hun leven, of via ‘Ask-Me-Anything’ discussies via Zoom (gebaseerd op het voorbeeld van Reddit). In een keuzevak over wat het betekent om in de media te werken prikkel ik studenten om zichzelf te analyseren om te zien op welke manier een dergelijke carrière mogelijk zou kunnen zijn voor hen. We gaan samen in gesprek met mensen uit de beroepspraktijk en gebruiken Canvas discussiegroepen en de Canvas chatroom om te ontdekken wat andere studenten opgepikt hebben uit het lesmateriaal. Ofwel: het gaat er niet om dat iedereen hetzelfde leert, maar dat elke student iets voor zichzelf wezenlijks leert. Ook hebben we sinds vorig jaar in dit onderwijs de principes van de ‘ungrading’ beweging toegepast door studenten zichzelf een beargumenteerd cijfer te laten geven voor hun werk.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="26de">Een belangrijke kanttekening bij dit alles: mentale gezondheid. Het is vanzelfsprekend mooi dat zo ontzettend veel mensen zich op de universiteit zich zo hartstochtelijk inzetten voor innovatie en democratie, maar tegelijkertijd weten we uit alle onderzoek dat het over het algemeen niet goed gaat — noch met onze collega’s, die lijden onder werkdruk en andere frustraties op het werk (en zich daarom, op heel democratische wijze, goed hebben georganiseerd in bewegingen als WOinActie, RethinkUvA en CasualUvA), noch met onze studenten.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="bb10">Ik deed het afgelopen jaar — in het kader van de Leergang Onderwijskundig Leiderschap — een onderzoek naar wat universiteiten in Nederland doen aan de geestelijke gezondheid van hun staf en studenten, en besef daardoor hoe goed eenieders bedoelingen hieromtrent zijn, maar hoe weinig we eigenlijk nog daadwerkelijk en structureel hieraan doen.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="890d">Uit het onderzoek van Jolien Dopmeijer van het Trimbos instituut, die vorig jaar op de UvA promoveerde op dit thema, weten we dat de sleutel tot mentale gezondheid en weerbaarheid van studenten (en docenten) is: het gevoel deel uit te maken van een gemeenschap. Daar zit precies de meerwaarde van de democratisering van onderwijs in: als je zelf vorm kunt geven aan je leerproces, in samenspraak en samenwerking met anderen, heb je veel sterker het gevoel dat je ergens bij hoort. Juist dit aspect maakt de initiatieven die ik hier noem zo hoopvol en inspirerend.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="8789">De kritische vraag die we bij dit alles moeten stellen is: zijn al deze creatieve labs, hubs, challenges en initiatives eerder een soort ‘innovatietheater’ dat verbloemt dat er in het klassieke curriculum eigenlijk weinig tot niets wezenlijk veranderd? Dat er op de universiteit in feite weinig tot niets heus ‘democratisch’ mogelijk is, omdat het systeem in feite iets anders vraagt van docent en student?</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="b8ae">Het antwoord moet zijn: een beetje van allebei. De UvA maakt wel degelijk vernieuwing mogelijk en stelt zich sterk op voor democratisering, terwijl de praktijk van de moderne universiteit halsstarrig is, mede door toedoen van steeds verder doordringende IT-systemen en toenemende ‘protocollisering’, iets wat we ook in de politiek zien.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="9012">Hier bieden de mooie doelstellingen ten aanzien van inclusiviteit, samenwerking, en betrokkenheid (in het kader van verantwoordelijkheid/publieke waarden in het UvA Instellingsplan Inspiring Generations (voor 2021–2026) houvast voor daadwerkelijke doorontwikkeling van de overal opbloeiende democratische innovaties, zodat deze de <strong class="markup--strong markup--p-strong">standaard</strong> in plaats van de <strong class="markup--strong markup--p-strong">uitzondering</strong> zijn.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="1143">Wat we leerden van MeToo, ClimateStrike en OccupyWallStreet en de Arabische Lente kunnen we wellicht ook toepassen op de universiteit: we hebben zowel activisme en uitbarstingen van creativiteit nodig, als dat het systeem waarop de universiteit gebouwd is moet mee veranderen. Het een kan niet zonder het ander.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="8b40">Tot slot, ter eind overweging:</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="16d8">Doen we wat we doen omdat het systeem dit van ons vraagt?</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="d8f4">Of omdat we houden van wat we doen?</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="35a6">Dat laatste — met een duur woord: intrinsieke motivatie, of met een beter woord: liefde — is de sleutel. Daarop moet beleid gebaseerd zijn. Dat is de ‘menselijke maat’ waar iedereen maar steeds om vraagt.</p><p class="graf graf--p" name="9309">Hierbij wil ik het academische jaar dat voor ons ligt daarom graag kaderen met: liefde.</p><p class="graf graf--p graf--empty" name="178e"><br /><br /></p>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-87312124108342596002022-09-08T05:36:00.004-04:002022-11-05T11:41:23.629-04:00Working with Me at the University of Amsterdam<p><span style="font-family: inherit;"><b><i>Last updated: November 2022</i></b></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;">This is a bookmark post I continually update as a resource for prospective PhD students, postdoctoral researchers, as well as visiting scholars interested to work with me (or with my colleagues) at the University of Amsterdam. As I am in the privileged position to receive such requests on a regular basis, it seems helpful to provide some background information to assist people in preparing their plans and proposal for collaboration. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;">First of all, I am thankful and humbled by the requests I get to work together! Its lovely that our university, the Department of Media Studies, and/or my work inspire you to the extent that you would like to come over to work here. The University of Amsterdam provides an excellent environment for doing scholarly work, the city is a great (albeit expensive) place to live, and <a href="https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/university-subject-rankings/2022/communication-media-studies" target="_blank">the Department is deservedly among the top-ranked places in the world</a> to study media. It is such a privilege to work here, and my colleagues and students are intimidatingly awesome. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;">If you are passionate about pursuing your studies at Amsterdam on a post-graduate level, here is some information to consider in your planning:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;"><b>1. Visiting scholar/researcher</b></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;">First of all, please check <a href="https://www.uva.nl/en/about-the-uva/organisation/faculties/faculty-of-humanities/research/guests/fgw-guests.html" target="_blank">the information page of the Faculty of Humanities</a> about how to apply for a visiting position. We receive many applications each year, and select a limited number of colleagues - mainly due to the limited spaces we have available for you to set up office and do your work. Preference is given to colleagues who work directly with us on (funded) projects. </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">Visiting scholars to our Department are expected to contribute to research and/or educational activities, for example, by attending research seminars or giving a guest lecture. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;"><b>2. Postdoctoral researcher/visiting PhD student</b></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;">In some occasions, we accept visiting postdoctoral/PhD students, however we regrettably cannot provide office space, nor funding for your stay in Amsterdam (except when your visit is externally funded or part of a funded project at our Department). You would need to coordinate this with an individual host at our Department.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;">Most of the research in Media Studies is part of the <a href="https://asca.uva.nl" target="_blank">Amsterdam School for Cultural Analysis (ASCA)</a>, which offers a dynamic program of reading groups, courses, seminars, and other events. Be sure to check their website for more information, including details about <a href="https://asca.uva.nl/about-asca/guests/guests.html" target="_blank">joining us as a visiting researcher</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;"><b>3. PhD student</b></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;">Generally speaking, we do not have any funded PhD positions available. However, many colleagues receive major research grants - from the NWO, ERC, and elsewhere - and will have positions available within their specific projects. Such openings are advertised on <a href="https://www.uva.nl/en/about-the-uva/working-at-the-uva/phd-positions/phd-positions.html" target="_blank">the University of Amsterdam vacancies</a> page, and on <a href="https://www.academictransfer.com/en/" target="_blank">the Academic Transfer database</a> of scholarly positions with The Netherlands.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;">For positions and other funded research opportunities within the EU, please check <a href="https://euraxess.ec.europa.eu" target="_blank">EURAXESS</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;">If you have (or are applying for) external funding for your work as a PhD candidate, please feel free to contact me (or any other colleague at our Department), but please do so with direct reference to their recent/current project(s), and in your email make explicit how your planned work fits with their on-going research.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;">Tip: please check the colleague's profile on Google Scholar to see their publication trajectory (indicating the programmatic nature of their work), as well as their individual page at the University of Amsterdam. For example: <a href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=CmFXFFkAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=ao" target="_blank">my Google Scholar page</a>, and <a href="https://www.uva.nl/en/profile/d/e/m.j.p.deuze/m.j.p.deuze.html" target="_blank">my UvA employee profile</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;">For example, if you are considering working with me (in the period roughly between 2022-2026), please make sure your work and interests fit within one or more of these three projects I am involved in for the foreseeable future:</span></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><i>Mental health and well-being of media workers</i>. For more information see <a href="http://deuze.blogspot.com/2022/06/keynote-on-mental-health-crisis-in.html" target="_blank">notes on a keynote on this topic I gave in June 22</a> as well as an earlier <a href="https://deuze.blogspot.com/2021/09/journalism-as-occupational-hazard.html" target="_blank">(September 2021) blogpost on journalism as an occupational hazard</a>. This project looks at mental health, well-being, happiness, and emotional issues related to the work in all media industries. Currently (Fall 2022) finishing a review paper on mental health and media work with <a href="https://www.amsterdamumc.org/en/research/researchers/karen-nieuwenhuijsen.htm" target="_blank">Karen Nieuwenhuijsen at the Amsterdam University Medical Center</a>. I’m also co-editing a book titled <i>Happiness in Journalism</i> (contracted with Routledge for 2023) with Valerie Belair-Gagnon, Avery Holton, and Claudia Mellado.</li></ul><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><i>Media love</i>. A wide-ranging project (and contracted book with Polity Press for 2024) on people's love for (and in) media and how love can inspire innovations in digital/media literacy. For more info, please see <a href="https://dare.uva.nl/personal/search?identifier=39b14d01-61e7-407d-92f4-2be8fa8048f1" target="_blank">the white paper on media love</a> I wrote in 2021, available self-archived via UvA-DARE, and the recently published chapter <a href="https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003254287-4/media-love-mark-deuze" target="_blank">Media Love: On the Media(tiza)tion of Love and our Love for Media</a>, in: <a href="https://www.routledge.com/Mediatisation-of-Emotional-Life/Kopecka-Piech-Sobiech/p/book/9781032181066" target="_blank">Mediatization of Emotional Life</a>, edited by Katarzyna Kopecka-Piech and Mateusz Sobiech, pages 26-40 (published by Routledge in 2022).</li></ul></div><p></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><i><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262545587/life-in-media/" target="_blank">Life in Media: A Global Introduction to Media Studies</a> </i>(The MIT Press, 2023) and<i> McQuail's Media and Mass Communication Theory</i>. In 2020 Sage published t<a href="https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/book/mcquails-mass-communication-theory-3" target="_blank">he 7th edition of the late Denis McQuail's handbook on media and mass communication theory</a>, which I had the pleasure to edit and update. The next edition is scheduled for publication in 2025, and I am in the process of researching and rewriting the book to reflect the state of the art in the field of media theory, media studies, and mass communication research, with a specific aim to make the text reflect developments in these fields around the world. Similarly, in 2023 the MIT Press will publish <a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262545587/life-in-media/" target="_blank">Life in Media: A Global Introduction to Media Studies</a> - my attempt to come up with a new teaching book for our field.</li></ul><p></p><p>All of these projects are also the basis for any talks, guest lectures, seminars and workshops I am able to participate in for the period 2021-2025 (next to my work as coach/mentor of junior faculty, PhD students and postdocs as part of visiting positions at various institutions around the world).</p><p><b>4. Funding</b></p><p>Unless posted here (in an updated version of this post), regrettably I do not have funding available for PhD students. The University of Amsterdam has <a href="https://www.uva.nl/en/research/phd/obtaining-a-phd-at-the-uva/funding-and-scholarships/funding-and-scholarships.html" target="_blank">an excellent explainer online about obtaining grants and scholarships</a> for PhD research in The Netherlands, an the Dutch science research council <a href="https://www.nwo.nl/en/find-funding" target="_blank">NWO has good info</a> as well. Your home country may have some dedicated funding opportunities as well, be sure to check that out carefully before contacting me or my colleagues. <br /></p><p>Thanks in advance for your interest, and for your consideration of working with me, and/or at the University of Amsterdam! Looking forward to hearing from you.</p><p>Mark.</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-42493411956551240732022-07-12T03:40:00.003-04:002022-07-12T03:40:57.328-04:00Life in Media and the Russian-Ukrainian War<p> In Dutch, with English subtitles, a VPRO Backlight documentary on the role of the free press in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war (broadcast July 2022):</p><p><br />
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/5H4r85pr2vE" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-53653806725235898542022-07-02T05:12:00.006-04:002022-07-02T05:45:20.556-04:00Oorlog en Ons Leven in Media[in Dutch] Voor de laatste seizoensuitzending van VPRO Tegenlicht mocht ik mijn presentatie over oorlog en ons leven in media (in het Engels beschikbaar op YouTube) dunnetjes overdoen in Pakhuis de Zwijger. Het team van Tegenlicht heeft daar nu een aparte film van gemaakt, welke ik hier deel.
De Tegenlicht-uitzending (over de toekomst van de vrije journalistiek) is maandagavond 4 juli 2022 (op NPO2), ook beschikbaar via NPO Start en <a href="https://www.vpro.nl/programmas/tegenlicht/kijk/afleveringen/2022-2023/the-free-press-show.html" target="_blank">de website van de VPRO</a>.<div>
<iframe allow="encrypted-media; autoplay; fullscreen" frameborder="0" height="720" scrolling="no" src="https://embed.vpro.nl/player/?id=WO_VPRO_16947004&profile=vpro&sharing=1" width="1280"></iframe></div>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-59153769397565953472022-06-21T09:32:00.007-04:002022-06-21T09:38:28.007-04:00Keynote on the Mental Health Crisis in Media Industries<p><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">At the end of June 2022 I am honoured to keynote the <a href="https://sites.google.com/view/hodj2022/news" target="_blank">Histories of Digital Journalism conference </a>in Budapest with a talk on the Mental Health and Well-Being of Media Professionals.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;">
<iframe src="//www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/key/zWYsAgjoBaM1F" width="595" height="485" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" style="border:1px solid #CCC; border-width:1px; margin-bottom:5px; max-width: 100%;" allowfullscreen> </iframe> <div style="margin-bottom:5px"> <strong> <a href="//www.slideshare.net/mdeuze/mental-health-and-wellbeing-of-media-professionals" title="Mental Health and Well-Being of Media Professionals" target="_blank">Mental Health and Well-Being of Media Professionals</a> </strong> from <strong><a href="//www.slideshare.net/mdeuze" target="_blank">Mark Deuze</a></strong> </div>
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There is a widespread (and increasingly well-documented) mental health crisis across the various media industries, affecting the quality of work, productivity, products and services - including our news. This problem is much bigger than disinformation. It is about those who we rely on to fight and counter disinformation.<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;">In this talk, I will present key findings from recent (2018-2022) reports from various media industries - journalism, film and television, digital games, music, social media entertainment, advertising - in different countries on the mental health and well-being of their professionals. All of these reports have in common, that those working in the media industry are much more likely than the general population to experience work-related stress disorders, depression, even suicidal thoughts.<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;">My presentation outlines why we should care about the well-being of media workers (journalists, actors, game developers, programmers, vloggers, musicians, production crews, creatives, and so on), and attempts to explain where this mental health crisis comes from, such as decades of lay-offs and flexibilization of working arrangements, widespread media/telecom/tech industry deregulation, the global financial crisis of 2007-2008, digitalisation and the decline of traditional media business models, and the rise of significance and self-realisation as key elements of people's professional identity.<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;">I take a hard look at what my field of study (media/communication/journalism studies) has done to address this issue - not unimportant as the vast majority of our students want a career in the media, and then turn to the medical literature for answers on how we can intervene effectively to counter the current crisis.<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;">In conclusion, I strongly advocate for investments in developing mental health literacy (for professionals, students, and scholars alike), advocating for creative justice, supporting efforts by media practitioners to collectively organise, and to help especially students and newcomers in the various industries to cultivate a variety of mental models of the work and career they envision for themselves. <o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;">I feel passionately about this issue, having studied and interviewed media workers for 25 years, and having been a working journalist for 7 years myself. This work is part of the Happiness in Media Work project I am engaged in with wonderful colleagues and friends Valérie Bélair-Gagnon, Avery Holton, and Claudia Mellado. Stay tuned!<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;"><br /></p>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-52109299812808315102022-06-09T07:48:00.003-04:002022-06-09T12:01:07.119-04:00Life in Media, Hybrid Warfare and The Role of Journalists<p><span style="font-family: inherit;">This week I have the privilege of delivering the keynote for the <a href="http://www.sepvalencia2022.com" target="_blank">XXVIII Congreso Internacional de SEP at the University of Valencia</a>. This gathering of scholars and educators in the field of journalism and media in Spain is always such a pleasure to participate in – I have fond memories of earlier visits to the conference in the beautiful city of Bilbao, for example.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;">My keynote will be streamed live on <a href="https://eu.bbcollab.com/guest/ac757120e4d54cdd97cb43d1c9e63f13" target="_blank">Friday, June 10 from 10-11:00am</a>.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">For this keynote, I pull together insights from work on <a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/life-media" target="_blank">my forthcoming book Life in Media (published by The MIT Press in July 2023)</a>, the current development of hybrid warfare in Ukraine, and the role of journalists in the context of deep mediatization – which inevitably includes disinformation. For more detail, please see <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6cdmXqvOKfg" target="_blank">my extended video lecture on the role of media in the war in Ukraine on YouTube</a>.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><br /></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">In short, I make the case for journalism to include digital literacy, emotional literacy, radical transparency and positional reflexivity into its ethos.</span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><br /></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">When it comes to life in media, we need to acknowledge that media studies and communication science, as academic disciplines, have always been about the study of disinformation. The first research projects on (mass) media – emerging about a century ago - asked questions of the impact and effects of propaganda and other forms of persuasive communication, and our field has not stopped trying to solve the problem of imperfect communication since.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">What is new or unique today is the context of a life lived <i>in</i>, rather than <i>with</i> media. Our current digital environment provides a more or less seamless experience of pervasive and ubiquitous media. The key elements of this comprehensively mediated experience are:<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: inherit; mso-list: Ignore; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; text-indent: -18pt;">media disappear: media as standalone machines and technologies, each with a specific functionality - such as reading, watching, calling or listening - are gradually disappearing, even though their existence as devices continues;</span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; mso-list: Ignore; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; text-indent: -18pt;">media are what we do: every experience in life is in some way connected with, influenced and shaped by, or dependent on media; and</span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; mso-list: Ignore; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; text-indent: -18pt;">we love media: in that media are personal to us, we care about our media, and generally feel quite strongly about the experiences we have in and through media.</span></li></ul><!--[if !supportLists]--><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></o:p></span><span style="font-family: inherit;">A life in media provides the backdrop to everything, every single process in society – including armed conflict and warfare. Sometimes this is exemplified by a more or less deliberate absence of media – as certain warlords and governments seek to shut down and disconnect media (as in the case of Ethiopia, Myanmar and Yemen), and control media (for example in Afghanistan and Syria). </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">More often, war plays out in media as a deliberate element of military planning and strategy. This is especially the case with so-called <i>hybrid warfare</i>, where conventional conflict involving tanks, soldiers and bombs is combined with information warfare through propaganda, disinformation campaigns, and attacks on IT infrastructure.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">The Russian campaign in Ukraine, starting in 2012 and culminating with its invasion of February 2022, is a case in point. It must be clear that no one has either total control or complete oversight over the information environment of the Russian-Ukrainian war. All the media actors involved - from politicians all the way to soldiers on the ground, local journalists and reporters from around the world, Ukrainian teenagers sharing their experiences on social networks online, media professionals from various industries, as well as countless hackers, troll farms, bots, and IT activists – produce their version of the war. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">While there is no complete narrative, this does not necessarily mean there is no truth. A life in media provides the context – the digital environment – for a deeply unsettling, chaotic (or way too simplistic) version of the real, yet reality still very much matters. It is in this context that journalists must find a way to do their work. Beyond the traditional techniques journalists have at their professional disposal – fact checking, verification, curation and editing, and storytelling – journalism can play a role in furthering critical competences we all need in a media life: media and emotional literacy.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><i>Media </i><i><span lang="EN-US">l</span>iteracy</i> provides a framework to access, analyze, evaluate, create and participate with <span lang="EN-US">media, and generally combines understanding and (critical) reflection with a set of skills and competences necessary for inquiry and self-expression. Although there is a rich literature and tradition in thinking about and teaching media literacy around the world, there is still no coherent or standardized approach for it anywhere. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">Given our lives as lived in media, it is rather urgent we do not stop at thinking about media literacy in schools, but take responsibility for our mediated environment throughout the life course and beyond simply using and consuming media to include engaging society, each other and ourselves in and through media. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">A deliberate shift toward emancipation and empowerment can be part of the promise of journalism, in its reporting for example focusing not just on what people need to <i>know</i>, but also on what they can <i>do</i> about the news in the(ir) world, and what role media play in all of this.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><span lang="EN-US">As we love (our) media, it is essential that we develop an emotional literacy next to digital or media literacy</span>.<span lang="EN-US">People need to become critically aware about what media do to them, how we are all touched and triggered by media, becoming more mindful about the manipulations a profoundly intimate digital environment provides – and within which we all participate. Here, journalism can be much more forthcoming about how it uses a variety of emotional pushes and pulls to draw people into a story – from attention-grabbing headlines to compelling images and visualizations to using smart hooks, catchy phrases and a wide assortment of metaphors. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><span lang="EN-US">None of this is particularly controversial, but I am often wondering how much journalists are aware of what they are doing when designing and developing their narratives, aware of the extent to which their storytelling techniques are intentionally designed around emotion and affect. <i>Emotional literacy</i> in the context of journalism and news includes the ability to recognise what media do to us and how we use media driven by emotions, the knowledge of how such emotional engagement can be helpful or hurtful, and attitudes </span>which facilitate recognition <span lang="EN-US">and resilience.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">All of this leads to a plea for <i>radical transparency</i> in journalism. The journalist should not just cover the traditional key questions of any news story – such as those covered by the so-called 5 WS and 1H of reporting (who, where, what, when, why, and how). Additionally, every journalist should be able and comfortable to reflect (as well as report) on the various issues that influence the(ir) production process, such as:<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;"></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; text-indent: -18pt;">where did the (idea for) the story come from?</span></li><li><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; text-indent: -18pt;">where did the money (and other resources) necessary to cover the story come from?</span></li><li><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; text-indent: -18pt;">which interests do the various sources mentioned or quoted in the report represent? </span></li><li><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; text-indent: -18pt;">whose voices are omitted (and why)?</span></li><li><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; text-indent: -18pt;">what has been done before to cover this story (by the reporter, their employer or client, by news organizations more generally)?</span></li><li><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; text-indent: -18pt;">what does the current story add, and how does it help people make sense of the broader societal issue it connects to?</span></li><li><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit; text-indent: -18pt;">so on and so forth.</span></li></ul><!--[if !supportLists]--><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"> </span></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">Finally, radical transparency includes <i>positional reflexivity</i> of the reporter(s) of a story, meaning a disciplined and careful view of how the subjectivity of the journalist(s) enters the process of producing the report. How did your socio-economic background, cultural history, ethnicity, gender, age (or life phase), ability, and so on play a role in getting, covering, and producing the story? </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">Journalists are human beings and therefore social animals as well as emotional creatures, and they have bodies that are affected (and affect) the reporting process – all of which contributes to how they make sense of their work. Being open and mindful of this may contribute to better reporting, and more transparency when dealing with different stakeholders in the news, as well to more resilience and efficacy when it comes to the mental health and well-being of journalists.</span></span><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><style class="WebKit-mso-list-quirks-style">
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</style><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">Whereas radical transparency might be seen as an extension of including digital literacy in the professional ethos of journalism, positional reflexivity would be a way to articulate emotional literacy with the profession of journalism. </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">Either way, while all of this may not get us closer to the ideal of ‘perfect communication’ and truth, it may contribute to the much-needed creation of shared narratives (in today’s age of mass self-communication), of which journalists are (just) a part.</span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span face="-webkit-standard"></span></span></p><style class="WebKit-mso-list-quirks-style">
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</style>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-50458378892463747322022-05-27T05:11:00.005-04:002022-05-27T05:16:58.550-04:00Recommendations for supporting journalists’ well-being<p><span face="Calibri, sans-serif" lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Below are some key recommendations for supporting journalists' well-being, as summarised from recent scholarship in the field, and discussions during a Spring 2022 international workshop on the topic that I was privileged to participate in. </span></p><p><span face="Calibri, sans-serif" lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">The notes here were drafted by my dear colleague Maja Simunjak, Senior Lecturer in Journalism at Middlesex University (in the UK), and a Leadership Fellow at the Humanities Research Council. She is also the principal investigator of the "#</span><span face="Calibri, sans-serif">BeObjective #BeKind #Be... Journalists' emotional labour in the era of social media" research project. </span><span face="Calibri, sans-serif" lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">She can be reached for more information, questions and comments at </span><span face="Calibri, sans-serif" lang="EN-GB"><a href="mailto:M.Simunjak@mdx.ac.uk"><span style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">M.Simunjak@mdx.ac.uk</span></a></span><span face="Calibri, sans-serif" lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">.</span></p><p><span face="Calibri, sans-serif" lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Of course, if you'd like to know more, please feel free to get in touch with me as well. </span></p><style class="WebKit-mso-list-quirks-style">
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</style><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 15.693333625793457px;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Recommendations for supporting journalists’ well-being<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 15.693333625793457px;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">A working group on journalists’ well-being met in the Spring of 2022 featuring a dozen key stakeholders - including representatives of the BBC, British National Union of Journalists, Centre for Media Monitoring, European Federation of Journalists, Headlines Network, Reach, Rory Peck Trust, Society of Freelance Journalists and UNESCO, as well as researchers from Middlesex University, Sheffield Hallam University, University of Amsterdam, and University of Lincoln - to exchange knowledge and discuss the ways in which journalists’ well-being could be supported to benefit their mental health and job satisfaction, as well as the quality of journalism. The working group was organised as part of the project ‘</span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FV00543X%2F1"><span style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Journalists’ emotional labour in the social media era</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">,’ funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council and led by Middlesex University. Through discussion, the working group has agreed a set of recommendations for supporting journalists’ well-being. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 15.693333625793457px;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">The key recommendations are as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Acknowledge the well-being issue and contribute to the culture change. <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 15.693333625793457px;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Journalists have long been taught to be detached and impersonal observers with ‘thick skin’ and adrenalin-fuelled endurance. The industry should recognise that this comes at a cost and acknowledge that journalists experience physical and emotional reactions to work and its conditions – often stress, anxiety and burnout. These have been found to negatively impact their well-being, mental and physical health, job satisfaction and performance. Evidence from across the world suggests that journalists often must deal with ill-effects of work on their own, as seeking and receiving support is yet to be normalised within the industry. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">Þ<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Acknowledge that journalists face a range of occupational hazards in their line of work which often have a negative impact on their well-being. This does not involve only dealing with potentially traumatic events – many aspects of everyday work can be potential liabilities too, from constant pressure to meet deadlines and be always on, working long and irregular hours, facing precarious working conditions and (online) abuse, and so on.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">Þ<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Acknowledge that journalists should not be left to deal with these challenges and their outcomes on their own. A holistic system should be put in place based on organisational, social, and professional support.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">Þ<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Support the change in culture by joining collective efforts and pursuing evidence-based approaches which are needed to normalise these discussions, as well as develop and implement appropriate support systems. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 15.693333625793457px;"><b style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">2. Educate and train in emotional & mental health literacy. </span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 15.693333625793457px;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Work-related stress can be mitigated with personal resources such as emotional intelligence, resilience, and self-efficacy, which can improve journalists’ emotional literacy and enable them to manage challenges faced in the job in healthy and sustainable ways. Mental health literacy can enable those working in the industry to recognise, manage and support themselves and others when faced with issues that can lead to impaired mental health and well-being. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">Þ<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Journalism educators, news organisations, professional associations and unions should offer training in development of personal resources to deal with occupational hazards in the job to enable journalists to manage these with positive outcomes. This training can focus on emotional intelligence, resilience, mindfulness, active listening, mental health literacy, and so on. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">Þ<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Managers/supervisors in news organisations would benefit from training in emotional and mental health literacy which would enable them to recognise, understand and adequately support their staff when experiencing ill-effects of work. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">Þ<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Good examples include </span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="https://theselfinvestigation.com/"><span style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Self-investigation</span></a></span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">’s</span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;"> free courses in digital well-being for journalists and their managers; </span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="https://headlines-network.com/"><span style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Headlines Network</span></a></span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">’s</span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;"> resources in how to manage your own mental health and support others; and </span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="https://rorypecktrust.org/freelance-assistance/resilience-programme-2/"><span style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Rory Peck Trust</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">’s resilience programme for freelancers.</span></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">3.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Create and deliver fair and transparent support systems within news organisations. <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 15.693333625793457px;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Journalists recognise that newsrooms and news organisations have changed in the past few decades towards being more attuned to well-being needs of their staff. However, issues remain. For example, Human Resources’ efforts to offer well-being support are often branded as inappropriate or not useful; supervisors are seen to offer support to ‘friends’ and ‘favourites’; and access to free counselling and therapy is inconsistent among media companies. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">Þ<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">News organisations should adopt the principle of equity wellness, meaning that everyone has a fair and efficient access to transparent and easy to use systems supporting their health and well-being. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">Þ<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Newsroom leaders should lead by example and promote the organisational support systems in order for these to be widely known and its use institutionalised and normalised.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">Þ<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Proactive check-in systems should be instituted to enable prevention and/or early detection and support with issues that might affect journalists’ well-being and mental health.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">Þ<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Newsrooms should have dedicated well-being staff – trained in coaching and counselling and fully aware of the pressures that journalists face so they can offer tailored support. It is suggested this should not be a line manager. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">Þ<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Support mechanisms should apply and be accessible to all journalists that produce work for the news organisation – from permanent to temporary staff; from full-time employees to freelancers. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">Þ<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Journalism can learn from related industries in how to set up these systems. Good examples from Film and TV industry are </span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="https://wholepicturetoolkit.org.uk/"><span style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Mentally healthy productions</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;"> which offer advice in how to protect staff’s well-being in all stages of the production process, as well as Film & TV Charity’s </span><span lang="EN-GB"><span style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;"><a href="https://filmtvcharity.org.uk/your-support/mental-wellbeing/freelancer-hub/freelancer-support-resources/">Freelancer support resources.</a></span></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">4.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Ensure well-being practices and systems are accessible and sustainable. <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 15.693333625793457px;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">In order to internalise and normalise care for their and others’ well-being, journalists should have easily accessible information about available resources, as well as regular opportunities to practice this care. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">Þ<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Create and make accessible toolkits for journalists in different positions and in diverse forms of employment which would provide information about their rights, employers’ obligations, expectations regarding duty of care, support contacts, networks and practices, online and physical safety recommendations, and so on. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">Þ<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Newsrooms should have regular briefings and debriefings, in forms of individual and collective critical reflective practice. These can help prepare journalists for challenging aspects of work, assist them in recognising and understanding their own triggers of stress, anxiety, and burnout, offer support in their efficient management, and contribute to a collegiate and supportive culture of sharing and caring in journalism. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">Þ<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Intra- and inter-organisational peer support networks should be instigated, encouraged, supported, and promoted by all stakeholders in order for social support systems, particularly peer-to-peer, to become a resource in managing journalists’ well-being.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">Þ<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Good practice has been observed in a young digital newsroom in Germany in which the editor has instituted a regular weekly collective debriefing in which journalists talk through the issues they’ve faced in their work and receive emotional release and support from peers. Also, an informal British peer support network </span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="https://takeanewsbreak.com/lets-talk"><span style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">NewsBreak</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;"> holds informal online chats where journalists can engage in a critical reflective practice. </span></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">5.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Build and join coalitions to support evidence-informed solutions.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 15.693333625793457px;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Lots of work remains in raising the issue of journalists’ well-being and mental health on the agenda and creating and implementing appropriate support systems. Many stakeholders are working on this, and with a joint effort they can succeed in delivering an evidence-informed, appropriate, cost-effective, and sustainable solutions to the issue. We need researchers to identify and contextualise the scope and range of issues to be dealt with; mental health professionals working with newsrooms and professional organisations to create support systems tailored to journalists’ needs; news organisations and industry leaders acknowledging the issue and promoting appropriate solutions; trained educators to offer useful and practical training in development of personal resources; key stakeholders to secure these efforts are appropriately funded, and so on.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">Þ<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Build coalitions among stakeholders which will through knowledge and expertise exchange contribute to cost-effective and evidence-informed outcomes. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">Þ<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Consider open sourcing research and training materials, as well as pooling resources, so the knowledge can be widely applied and contribute to development of cost-effective support systems.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">Þ<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Explore relationship among unions, businesses and political institutions and bodies in securing funding for development and implementation of well-being support resources, particularly as these relate to freelancers and those whose employers do not yet offer adequate well-being support<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">Þ<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">There are many examples of robust research evidencing the scope and range of challenges impacting journalists’ well-being, including UNESCO’s </span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="https://en.unesco.org/publications/thechilling"><span style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">The Chilling</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">, which provides an international view on the effects of online abuse on women journalists, and recently published </span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="https://www.journalismforum.ca/taking-care-report"><span style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">Taking Care report</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;"> which documents the mental health and well-being issues among media workers. </span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="https://europeanjournalists.org/"><span style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">European Federation of Journalists</span></a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;"> and </span><span lang="EN-GB"><span style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;"><a href="https://en.unesco.org/themes/safety-journalists">UNESCO</a> </span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;">are examples of organisations active in building coalitions between researchers, professional organisations, and institutions, to create and implement resources benefiting journalists’ health and well-being.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 15.693333625793457px;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 19.97333335876465px;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 15.693333625793457px;"><br /></p>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-53541983153159188072022-05-10T16:11:00.001-04:002022-05-10T16:11:10.362-04:00A Possible Future for Media Studies and Communication Science<p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; white-space: pre-wrap;">Upon completing the update of Denis McQuail’s handbook for the field, I used invitations to contribute to special issues to reflect on how media studies and communication research (coming from from the humanities and social sciences respectively) could meaningfully address the contemporary digital environment in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. This somewhat overlapping trilogy of papers can be found here:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-ab1fb979-7fff-f716-1c2b-96a986df65b5"><ul style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;"><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -18pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Mark Deuze (2021), “<a href="https://journals.ptks.pl/cejc/article/view/222" target="_blank">Challenges and Opportunities for the Future of Media and Mass Communication Theory and Research</a>”, Central European Journal of Communication 14(1), 5-26.</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -18pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Mark Deuze (2021), “<a href="http://www.profesionaldelainformacion.com/contenidos/2021/ene/deuze_english.pdf" target="_blank">On the ‘Grand Narrative’ of media and mass communication theory and research: a review</a>”, Profesional de la Información 30(1), e300105.</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: -18pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Mark Deuze (2020), “<a href="http://cejsh.icm.edu.pl/cejsh/element/bwmeta1.element.cejsh-86e08ca7-f9a5-4d96-811e-4c37a1564ebe" target="_blank">The Role of Media and Mass Communication Theory in the Global Pandemic</a>”, Communication Today 11(2), 4-16.</span></p></li></ul><div><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="white-space: pre-wrap;">Hopefully these papers, put together, can be helpful in articulating what the field is (or could be), and how its students and scholars can position themselves effectively in public debates.</span></span></div><div><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span></div></span>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-89961938880210000812022-04-18T12:56:00.002-04:002022-04-18T12:57:23.476-04:00Hybrid War and Life in Media<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;"><span style="white-space: pre-wrap;">Since the Russian invasion of Ukraine (on February 24, 2022), I am periodically approached by journalists asking for input and comment on the role of media in this horrific war. In the process - and to feel a bit less helpless when faced with the news and images of war - I developed a series of talks (across Europe) on media and war, and specifically our shared responsibility as witnesses of war in media. </span></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;"><span style="white-space: pre-wrap;">
</span><span style="white-space: pre-wrap;">Since late February 2022 I collect and archive a wide variety of media expressions of the war – from state actors, propaganda and disinformation sources, video of people’s TikTok accounts and YouTube channels, from Reddit and Twitch and Telegram and Twitter, from musicians and filmmakers, and so on. </span></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;"><span style="white-space: pre-wrap;">
</span><span style="white-space: pre-wrap;">Of course, it is impossible to capture everything, nor can I include all of this in presentations (or in interviews). So this video is just a first draft of my attempt to integrate everything I have at this moment in the hope to contribute to our joint process of making sense of it all. Hopefully I will be able to develop a more coherent, thoughtful version down the road. </span></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;"><br />
<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/6cdmXqvOKfg" title="YouTube video player" width="560"></iframe> </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;">To summarize the various points I make in this presentation serve the purpose of perhaps helping us to take responsibility as we witness (and therefore contribute to shape) war in media: </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;"> First of all, it is crucial to acknowledge we do not live with media, but in media. Our media use is non-deliberate and concurrent, media are involved with everything we do, and we love media. The answer to how to use media therefore always involves complex emotions and deep-seated rituals. </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;"> The Russian-Ukrainian war – which has been going on at least since 2014 - involves at least five types of actors and role-players in media: states and politicians, news organizations and journalists, everyone else as individuals, IT armies (hackers, troll farms, cyberwarfare), and other media industries (film, music, games, social media entertainment).
Each actor on the media battlefield produces, distributes and shares a wide variety of media, utilizing an equally bewildering mix of platforms, services and technologies. </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;">A direct consequence of this collective (and more or less collaborative) construction of the war is how this war is made in media differently, depending on where and who you are (in the world), what media you use, and how you combine elements of the digital environment all of us live in.
In the absence of truly shared narratives, consensus is impossible (although reality in media was never subject to consensus). This raises a new challenge: how to take responsibility for our life in media during this horrific war? </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;">My answer to this problem (offered at the end of this presentation) is that there are roughly three strategies possible in a media life: fight the media, surrender to the media, and become media. </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;">Fight the media occurs through a resolute commitment to truth and consensus. Examples are: fact-checking efforts, debunking of disinformation, deliberately including Ukrainian experts and journalists to cover and explain the war. </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;">Surrender to the media involves finding and managing your own media diet (think of media in terms of nutritional value, making sure to have balanced meals), and where journalists, experts, and people (as citizens and consumers) develop relations of trust. </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;"> Becoming media means doing a deep dive, make your own media (for example: join the Ukrainian IT army, or documenting the war in media as in this presentation), develop a sophisticated form of critical media literacy. </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;">All of this is hard, frustrating, confusing, not necessarily mutually exclusive, and very much determined by intense and complex emotions.
This is why the answer is not only digital literacy, but also (and very much so) emotional literacy. </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;">Emotional literacy means: understand and respect how news and information affect you (and others), taking a step back to really feel what you feel, and be careful not to react to everything you see. </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;">In conclusion: there are many ways in media to help the Ukrainian people. For me, I hope you will find ways to support independent journalism and media making in Ukraine – there are many funds available (some are mentioned in the video). </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit;">Thanks for watching, please leave a comment or question, and share if you feel this may be a valuable contribution to the worldwide discussion. </span></div><p style="text-align: left;"><br /></p>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-37196396002390496822022-03-21T15:56:00.000-04:002022-03-21T15:56:02.136-04:00First Reviews of (Media Studies for a) Life in Media<p><span style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); font-size: 15px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Given everything that is going on in the world, receiving reviews on a draft book manuscript may be pointless personal news, yet I hope that through my work I can somehow contribute in a meaningful way to helping people process and appreciate the role of media in society and everyday life. That role, I would argue, is an inevitable element in making sense of (and collectively countering) war, climate change, and a pandemic.</span></span></p><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); font-size: 15px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiRh3R1_WCUA4j6OcrLpZl12_1m83x-b2IuE_3PITzZ0Cc7eRaZomvuINHkRKDyGPKjVVO1KPLuLorDymoiYpUOs8S0WG9vcC5L0MXsyFhz8LLj18zRuZBhc0-5dwzwyGt2kmEhC4ilhiV8OrmV8xlsfUyFgMtzBJPCMlKFSBjpnw0iio_o2Yg=s1702" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1702" data-original-width="1042" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiRh3R1_WCUA4j6OcrLpZl12_1m83x-b2IuE_3PITzZ0Cc7eRaZomvuINHkRKDyGPKjVVO1KPLuLorDymoiYpUOs8S0WG9vcC5L0MXsyFhz8LLj18zRuZBhc0-5dwzwyGt2kmEhC4ilhiV8OrmV8xlsfUyFgMtzBJPCMlKFSBjpnw0iio_o2Yg=s320" width="196" /></a></div><br /></div><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Today, I received the (five) peer reviews of my monograph "(Media Studies for a) Life in Media," commissioned by the MIT Press. Admittedly, I have been really nervous about the review process. This book is personal to me. It is the culmination of well over 20 years of teaching and research. So reading through these extensive and detailed comments was quite emotional.</span></div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); font-size: 15px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Well, I am happy and humbled to report that the reviews are truly encouraging! The reviewers emphasize the seminal role that power (and lack thereof) plays in media - which perspective is indeed the Achilles' heel of all my work - and push me to do more with existing digital inequalities around the world. </span></div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); font-size: 15px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Beyond these invaluable critiques, the words of these colleagues are incredibly kind and affirming, reminding me of what is possible when our academic peer review system works the way it is intended to. </span></div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); font-size: 15px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">According to the reviews - and I'm so happy to report that the publisher agrees - this book, which is intended as a new handbook for teaching and thinking about media (studies), "will serve students well"; "helps its readers engage critically in a very jargon free and easy to understand language rich with contextualization and international examples"; is "original and creative"; and offers "a new way of thinking about questions that have plagued media studies scholars for decades." </span></div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); font-size: 15px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Its also lovely to see that the reviewers consider my deliberate discussion of our love for media (and the role media plays in love) "just genius" <span class="pq6dq46d tbxw36s4 knj5qynh kvgmc6g5 ditlmg2l oygrvhab nvdbi5me sf5mxxl7 gl3lb2sf hhz5lgdu" style="display: inline-flex; height: 16px; margin: 0px 1px; vertical-align: middle; width: 16px;"><img alt="😍" height="16" referrerpolicy="origin-when-cross-origin" src="https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/ta1/2/16/1f60d.png" style="border: 0px;" width="16" /></span></span></div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); font-size: 15px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Of course, this is all incredibly gratifying to hear. For sure I am sharing this as a way of promoting the work. Yet what also inspires me to share this, is to recognize a significant step in the life of a book author - the moment when a manuscript passes out of your hands as the author, becoming something else entirely, now getting its meaning from how others (reviewers, students, colleagues, anyone else) read and perceive it. </span></div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); font-size: 15px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">From here on, I am not the owner of this text anymore. It is particularly for that reason I am so thrilled with the assessment of this reviewer: "I really appreciated that students would be able to tell it was written by a real human."</span></div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); font-size: 15px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">So the final editing round begins, working through all the excellent comments and suggestions, and shepherding the manuscript through the publishers' production process over the next couple of months. </span></div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); font-size: 15px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">I honestly hope it will help students and educators alike to explore our digital environment with purpose, critique as well as fun and love. I know there is much more I need to learn and do to make it as inclusive and useful as I would like my work to be - but this is a good step along that road. </span></div><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Thanks to all my friends, near and far, who have helped me along the way.</span></div><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div></div>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-30583519533283203332022-03-15T16:07:00.002-04:002022-03-15T16:07:45.203-04:00Rescinding Position at Moscow State University<div class="" dir="auto"><div class="ecm0bbzt hv4rvrfc ihqw7lf3 dati1w0a" data-ad-comet-preview="message" data-ad-preview="message" id="jsc_c_247"><div class="j83agx80 cbu4d94t ew0dbk1b irj2b8pg"><div class="qzhwtbm6 knvmm38d"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql oi732d6d ik7dh3pa ht8s03o8 a8c37x1j fe6kdd0r mau55g9w c8b282yb keod5gw0 nxhoafnm aigsh9s9 d3f4x2em iv3no6db jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id hzawbc8m" dir="auto"><div class="kvgmc6g5 cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql ii04i59q"><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;">Last year, in May 2021, the Academic Council of the Faculty of Journalism at Moscow State University (MSU) kindly conveyed the title of 'Foreign Honorary Professor of the Faculty' to me. </div><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;"> </div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q"><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;">For what it is worth, I have let the Faculty know that I renounce the title, and requested that this recognition be stricken from the record. </div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q"><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;"> </div><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;">This in response to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, MSU's public support for this illegal war (as <a href="https://www.msu.ru/news/obrashchenie-uchenogo-soveta-mgu.html" target="_blank">expressed in a formal statement</a> as well as in <a href="https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/russian-rectors-union-echoes-kremlin-propaganda-ukraine" target="_blank">a letter from the Russian Union of Lectors</a> that echoed Putin's propaganda), as well as the stated policy of all universities in The Netherlands (including my employer, <a href="https://www.uva.nl/en/current/ukraine/ukraine.html" target="_blank">the University of Amsterdam</a>) to freeze all collaborations with Russian institutions.</div><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;"> </div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q"><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql oi732d6d ik7dh3pa ht8s03o8 a8c37x1j fe6kdd0r mau55g9w c8b282yb keod5gw0 nxhoafnm aigsh9s9 d3f4x2em iv3no6db jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id hzawbc8m" dir="auto"><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;">It is clear that keeping a formal institutional relation intact has become untenable.</div><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;"> </div></span>I realize my decision comes late into this horrific war, and does nothing to alleviate the suffering of the Ukrainian people. For what it is worth, I would like to take this opportunity to explain the process behind it.</div><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;"> </div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q"><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;">As Putin's Russia was preparing for war, I have felt increasingly uncomfortable about my affiliation with MSU. What kept me from formally rescinding my position at the university are the good relations I have with colleagues and students in Moscow. Having been in touch with these friends over these last weeks especially, I am keenly aware of their profound anxiety and distress about first and foremost the people in Ukraine, and secondly about the safety and future of their families and careers in Putin's Russia.</div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q"><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;"> </div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q"><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;">I believe very strongly in dialogue and non-judgmental exchange of perspectives and ideas. As far as I can tell, no one I have spoken with (or have ever worked with at MSU) supports this invasion. </div><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;"> </div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q"><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;">It is perhaps even the case that the support statement of the university was not made voluntarily - but has more to do with the fact that MSU is almost completely dependent on state financing, and its rector (Viktor Sadovnichiy) has been personally appointed by Putin. In fact, when Sadovnichiy was appointed as Rector for Life in 2019, students, graduate students, and employees of Moscow State University <a href="https://rector.igmsu.org" target="_blank">published an open letter </a>claiming autonomy and independence, protesting "the system of total control, encouragement of snitching and general suspicion" at their university, and demanding the reinstatement of elections for the position of Rector. Their protest remains unanswered.<br /></div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q"><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;"> </div><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;">It is harrowing to witness somewhat close at hand the complete devastation that Putin is wrecking upon the world - on Ukraine and its people, on his own country, on all of us as he threatens with nuclear war. </div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q"><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;"> </div><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;">I stay committed to my friends in Russia, who I know are doing everything they can to support their students and cultivate some kind of critical voice - which this situation once again reminds me of is a complete luxury I enjoy every single day.</div></div></span></div></div></div></div><p> </p>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-7851739211402701012022-01-17T10:15:00.001-05:002022-01-17T10:15:13.517-05:00Femke Lakerveld and Brian Steward on Making it Work in Film and Television<p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p>Just out: brand new <strong class="ql-hashtag">#deuzevlog</strong> and
podcast in a series of expert interviews I'm doing in the early months
of 2022 with inspiring media professionals from around the world! </p><p>First
episode featuring Dutch film actress <a href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0112818/" target="_blank">Femke Lakerveld</a> and Hollywood Assistant Director and current director of the Colorado Film School <a href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0829097/" target="_blank">Brian Steward</a> on making it work in the film and TV industry.</p><p>These and other interviews/conversations are available on YouTube,
Anchor/Spotify and elsewhere. Check out: <a href="https://youtu.be/Qbb4DGDIwOc">https://youtu.be/Qbb4DGDIwOc</a>. </p><p>Hopefully
useful for those thinking about a career in the media, please feel free
to use in your teaching and/or research<strong>.<br /></strong></p><p><strong class="ql-hashtag"> </strong><iframe frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://youtube.com/embed/Qbb4DGDIwOc" style="background-image: url(https://i.ytimg.com/vi/Qbb4DGDIwOc/hqdefault.jpg);" width="480"></iframe></p>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-78189151994093674822022-01-04T05:54:00.003-05:002022-01-04T05:59:38.828-05:00Keanu Reeves on (virtual) reality and life in media<p>At the moment, at the start of 2022, I am doing the final edits of the (draft) manuscript of <a href="http://deuze.blogspot.com/2021/11/media-studies-for-life-in-media-outline.html" target="_blank">my book Life in Media, contracted with MIT Press</a>. The basic premise of the book is fairly straightforward: how can we make sense of ourselves, each other and the world if we do not live with (a variety of) media anymore, but instead live in media?</p><p>A significant part of the conundrum we face - which I explore in detail throughout the book - is the question of reality and realness. Does it still matter whether something really happened or not? Whether someone really said that thing, whether what we experience is real or staged? Whether something or someone is digital, virtual, augmented, photoshopped, filtered - and whether we can tell the difference? </p><p>As a media scholar, author and educator, I can fill countless lectures and books with these discussions - as they have been part of people's meaning-making practices since at least the Enlightenment when the first discussions emerged whether humanity is sufficiently different from technology (remember Descartes and his 'I think therefore I am'?)... But perhaps its better if we just turn to Keanu Reeves. The actor is known for his less than usual way of engaging with doing interviews as part of his job, always coming across as very real (...), thoughtful, and kind. In December 2021, during an interview for The Verge on the release of the short computer-animated film and game The Matrix Awakens, Reeves shared what I feel is the perfect way of getting at the real/unreal dilemma:</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='497' height='413' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dw668LW9vwoXbmfzH0An78RxRBxyCZNOhkWO4Q8n6gzjgKBEPpEJf3VwmRRxE7L0K7bqrdvFTs06tc' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div><br /><p>The original interview is <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0OK80eljWrs" target="_blank">posted on YouTube</a> by The Verge on December 10, 2021. What I particularly appreciate is Reeves' sense of wonder about the digital environment, which indeed seems to evolve faster than science fiction can keep up with - especially regarding how we feel about the new media context within which we live. Whether this concerns banks that do not consider you as really existing if you do not have an email address, friends that do not invite you over if you are not on one or more social media, potential dates or employers that do not trust you if you cannot be easily found via a search engine, or indeed consuming any kind of media content knowing full well that everything is staged, fake, unreal, filtered, edited, manipulated, and even personalised just for you. </p><p>While all of this may be stressful, scary even - it is primarily an uncanny experience, and I would suggest that this uncanniness is generative: it potentially opens up new ways of thinking, seeing, interacting. To make it through a life in media - to live a good life in media - requires, first and foremost, of letting go of the false dichotomy (or rather: unhelpful delusion) between real and not real, between online and offline, between true and fake. That does not necessarily lead to a depressing relativism! Instead, I see opportunities for (digital) empathy, for social learning, for participatory culture. That does not happen without a fight, without support, or without sufficient resources. Of course, I hope my book will help somewhat - and for now, I happily turn to Keanu Reeves for inspiration and insight...</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p> </p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-55835645362606999732021-12-14T03:12:00.004-05:002021-12-14T03:12:35.903-05:00Newswork and Precarity<p><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); white-space: pre-wrap;">FYI: with Erwin van 't Hof just published a paper I’m really excited about: based on his interviews with freelance journalists, we argue how they can make their precarity productive. Its featured in the fabulous book Newswork and Precarity, edited by </span><span style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); white-space: pre-wrap;"><a class="oajrlxb2 g5ia77u1 qu0x051f esr5mh6w e9989ue4 r7d6kgcz rq0escxv nhd2j8a9 nc684nl6 p7hjln8o kvgmc6g5 cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x jb3vyjys rz4wbd8a qt6c0cv9 a8nywdso i1ao9s8h esuyzwwr f1sip0of lzcic4wl gpro0wi8 q66pz984 b1v8xokw" href="https://www.facebook.com/kalyani.chadha.5?__cft__[0]=AZWffK1gZAfGnkHcU-WTEAnyVy1Pfpq6xOFitvjF7X8W8iwHeNyKzuY4gB3puxserH-xHSLc4ChSdn7U_5-uTbBd7rJ7Z_uk7QxKVw1X1dQAdCiiuc3t5UWrBUlg56QTr3k&__tn__=-]K-R" role="link" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer; display: inline; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; touch-action: manipulation;" tabindex="0"><span class="nc684nl6" style="display: inline;">Kalyani Chadha</span></a></span><span style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); white-space: pre-wrap;"> and Linda Steiner: </span><span style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); white-space: pre-wrap;"><a class="oajrlxb2 g5ia77u1 qu0x051f esr5mh6w e9989ue4 r7d6kgcz rq0escxv nhd2j8a9 nc684nl6 p7hjln8o kvgmc6g5 cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x jb3vyjys rz4wbd8a qt6c0cv9 a8nywdso i1ao9s8h esuyzwwr f1sip0of lzcic4wl gpro0wi8 py34i1dx" href="https://t.co/pKsNK1ZWfo?fbclid=IwAR0x0Mu29mQnVY-Pac-QcHWdFfSB0_SlxksoGsILU4nd9yjG1tamInQvRlo" rel="nofollow noopener" role="link" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer; display: inline; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration: none; touch-action: manipulation;" tabindex="0" target="_blank">https://t.co/pKsNK1ZWfo</a></span></span></p><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgw3muyKoD6JiCUBk2VWhKCaicVlupGxcF78A1Y4WwMo5BY2qDZKz3P0dcEmGB38Y9HKXw376fy8cC8Mw-9kNJvex7gAU2gkHxhEQCx_3ByIzN1y0dCTAwUpmJV-d86mC52znvq293JWJA0VcAUrxCZT3mvxRZPYJh-p9KEgA5tdX7f_jBF6ag=s1200" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="627" data-original-width="1200" height="261" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgw3muyKoD6JiCUBk2VWhKCaicVlupGxcF78A1Y4WwMo5BY2qDZKz3P0dcEmGB38Y9HKXw376fy8cC8Mw-9kNJvex7gAU2gkHxhEQCx_3ByIzN1y0dCTAwUpmJV-d86mC52znvq293JWJA0VcAUrxCZT3mvxRZPYJh-p9KEgA5tdX7f_jBF6ag=w500-h261" width="500" /></a></div><span style="font-family: inherit;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>Extended preview:</span></div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Our chapter argues that the precarious circumstances of media work in general and journalism in particular can be made productive by considering different ways of conceptualizing what it means to do “good work” in the media. </span></div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">We aim to understand precarity as productive, in the sense that it can produce specific ways of thinking and doing for media professionals that both exemplify their struggle to circumvent or even take advantage of their precarious work conditions. </span></div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Erwin interviewed Dutch freelance journalists to see how they organize their work so that they can cover stories that matter most to them. The interviews showed that unlike “traditional” freelancers, contemporary freelancers position themselves and their professional goals at the core of their business, not the demands of legacy media or journalism’s occupational ideology. These freelancers approach work in terms of the information they gather, especially the topics they specialize in. This opens the potential to rise above the precarity prevalent in journalism.</span></div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">If this is in your field, please consider ordering the book (now with a pre-order discount, haha) for your library, it features stellar work by a range of authors, including dear friends like Tamara Witschge, </span><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; white-space: normal;">Lindsay Palmer, Karin Wahl-Jorgensen, Nicole Cohen, and Verica Rupar.</span></div><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); white-space: normal;"></span></div>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-11206697864466872772021-11-14T12:43:00.005-05:002021-11-21T14:39:17.767-05:00Media Studies for a Life in Media - Outline 2021<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: medium;"><span face="Calibri, sans-serif"><b>Life in Media</b> (contracted with <a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu" target="_blank">The MIT Press</a>, publication 2022/2023)</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjsx6Ob47opFiXmEKRkIDF0Hm3JmeWL7Thg-lfS6FiQtQrVMGhC7Lesgsta1GZtgXMqX2FvspyBzLnInOgeCTTEx3cHkXPECkqWBvQ92t2xewihdDn-CCuKsR2Xmvtf0zLsMf9sA/" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="200" data-original-width="400" height="147" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjsx6Ob47opFiXmEKRkIDF0Hm3JmeWL7Thg-lfS6FiQtQrVMGhC7Lesgsta1GZtgXMqX2FvspyBzLnInOgeCTTEx3cHkXPECkqWBvQ92t2xewihdDn-CCuKsR2Xmvtf0zLsMf9sA/w293-h147/mitpress.jpg" width="293" /></a></span></div><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: inherit;">Below is the rough outline of my forthcoming book with MIT Press, tentatively titled <i>(Media Studies for a) Life in Media</i>. This is the line-up of chapters and summaries I am working on at this time (November 2021).</span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;">The first draft of the manuscript is due in December 2021. This book builds on my earlier work in <a href="https://www.politybooks.com/bookdetail?book_slug=media-life--9780745649993" target="_blank">Media Life (Polity Press, 2012</a>) and <a href="https://www.walburgpers.nl/nl/book/9789462986954/leven-in-media?redirect=aup" target="_blank">Leven in Media</a> (in Dutch, published with Amsterdam University Press in 2017). <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;">Early (open access) essays exploring the basic premise of all this work – about considering our lives as lived in, rather than with, media – were published in <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0163443710386518" target="_blank">Media, Culture & Society in 2011</a>, and in <a href="http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/6/1/000110/000110.html" target="_blank">Digital Humanities Quarterly in 2012</a> (co-authored with Peter Blank and Lora Speers). <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;">The new book extends this work, offering an outline for looking at the discipline of media studies from the perspective of media life. It is intended as a book for teaching and learning, written without a single reference (instead offering an extensive annotated bibliography at the end of the book).</span><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><span lang="EN-US">1. </span>Media Life<o:p></o:p></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">We do not live with media, but in media. Media are everywhere, and cannot be switched off. This is not a new situation, nor is a life in media unique to our time. Media are fun, complicated, and offer plenty of ethical dilemmas, which three issues are at the heart of media studies for a life in media.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><span lang="EN-US">2. </span>Your Life<o:p></o:p></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Media are the devices and channels we use to communicate – including what we communicate, along with the industries that are in the business of communication, and how all of this fits into our everyday lives.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><span lang="EN-US">3. </span>Public Life<o:p></o:p></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">A life in media is, to a certain extent, a public life. It used to be difficult to get attention for your life – unless you were a prominent politician, a popular athlete, or some kind of celebrity from the music or film world. In our digital environment it is difficult to keep something really private.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i><span lang="EN-US">4. </span>Real Life<o:p></o:p></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">As society and everyday life becomes more entangled with media, significant questions emerge about the nature of human-machine relations, the usefulness of maintaining distinctions between humanity and technology, and the extent to which we are able to determine the reality (or authenticity) of events, information, and behavior.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;"><i>5. Love Life<o:p></o:p></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;">People really love media. What is more, our love lives increasingly involve media in all kinds of intimate ways. This affective entanglement of media, life and love raises fascinating questions about our interdependence with media and technologies, which issues are tackled in this chapter by focusing on the various ways in which people use media in everyday life to find and maintain love, exploring the circulation of information and ideas about love via media, and looking at how we express and understand our love for media.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;"><i>6. Change Life<o:p></o:p></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;">People do not just use media as consumers, nor more or less exclusively as producers. For many of us, we use media in order to change something in our lives, and to change something in the world. It is in these instances that the boundary-erasing properties of a life in media become apparent, and this offers us a tremendous opportunity to both study and experience what living in media is really like.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;"><i>7. Make Life<o:p></o:p></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;">To explore the inner workings and structures of the media as a global industry, we can look at film, television, games, journalism, music and advertising from the perspective of the people at work in these worlds. Media professionals create stories that inform and entertain us, while media users increasingly engage in productive activities too. The result is an industry dynamic, full of contradictions, complex to navigate even by the most skillful of practitioners – and changing rapidly to accommodate our lives in media.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;"><i>8. Life in Media<o:p></o:p></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="EN-US">Using, making, and studying media have a dark side, as much as there is a light side to media. Understanding media necessitates an exploration of both the pleasure and the pain that media can bring. Ultimately, media studies for a life in media faces a fundamental problem: how can we study, understand, and critique media when we are living in media? The solution is to consider media less in terms of </span>effects, things and what happens, <span lang="EN-US">instead focusing on</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span>process, practice<span lang="EN-US">s</span> and what can be done.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><o:p><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></o:p></p>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-42657653276758798892021-10-16T08:03:00.004-04:002021-10-16T09:13:50.585-04:00On the Relevance of (Mass) Media and Communication Studies in the Pandemic<p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p><iframe frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://youtube.com/embed/HOZz_oXgZm8" width="480"></iframe><span class="style-scope yt-formatted-string" dir="auto"> </span></p><p><span class="style-scope yt-formatted-string" dir="auto"> </span></p><p><span class="style-scope yt-formatted-string" dir="auto">On October 16, 2021 I had the honor of presenting a talk at the 20th Edukcircle International Convention of Media Communication (hosted in the Philippines) on the role and relevance of (mass) media and communication studies in the context of the global coronavirus crisis. </span></p><p><span class="style-scope yt-formatted-string" dir="auto"> My speech (plus questions & answer session) captured here comprises three key insights: </span></p><p><span class="style-scope yt-formatted-string" dir="auto">1. The continued significance of mass media and the mass communication process in the way media, society and everyday life are organized </span></p><p><span class="style-scope yt-formatted-string" dir="auto">2. The acceleration of the digitalization of everything (during COVID19), including the amplification of existing issues and inequalities worldwide </span></p><p><span class="style-scope yt-formatted-string" dir="auto">3. The notion that any approach to digital (media) literacy should include emotional literacy, as our lives in media are primarily driven by affect and technologies. </span></p><p><span class="style-scope yt-formatted-string" dir="auto">This is based on work I did on the new edition of McQuail's handbook on Media & Mass Communication Theory (published by Sage in 2020), and on my new book Life In Media (published by MIT Press in 2021).</span></p>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-86324953686001724212021-09-22T14:51:00.090-04:002021-11-30T17:28:39.598-05:00Journalism as an Occupational Hazard: Understanding the Mental Health and Well-Being of JournalistsFrom September 22 to 24 (2021), <a href="https://cardiffjournalism.co.uk/foj2021/" target="_blank">the Future of Journalism conference</a> was held at Cardiff University, in the United Kingdom. The conference took place online. Together with my colleague <a href="https://aihr.uva.nl/content/news/2021/02/johana-kotisova.html" target="_blank">Johana Kotišová</a> we presented work-in-progress at this conference on the mental health, happiness and well-being of journalists. This, in short, is our argument:<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJGC4XalzsmHO57S9sa5_VbrUH8EL4tzPfYzeTSivrQ0UfV6erlSsHdzue_khkiZ_pONWDq-yGe3sinYTv00AkDKzKD46T0oSJ0ZUj-c2azAZE5QIKIU2ZnzJldxH80-U_fNa0Xw/s1080/FoJ_header2021_web2.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0px; text-align: center;"><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="188" data-original-width="1080" height="82" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJGC4XalzsmHO57S9sa5_VbrUH8EL4tzPfYzeTSivrQ0UfV6erlSsHdzue_khkiZ_pONWDq-yGe3sinYTv00AkDKzKD46T0oSJ0ZUj-c2azAZE5QIKIU2ZnzJldxH80-U_fNa0Xw/w469-h82/FoJ_header2021_web2.png" width="469" /></a></div>
Consider this headline from a November 2020 news story in the United Kingdom: “<a href="https://www.societyofeditors.org/soe_news/77-of-journalists-suffer-from-work-related-lockdown-stress-mental-health-survey-finds/" target="_blank">77% of journalists suffer from work-related lockdown stress, mental health survey finds</a>.” Similar stories have been reported in <a href="https://www.routledge.com/Journalists-and-Job-Loss/Marjoribanks-Zion-ODonnell-Sherwood/p/book/9780367344047" target="_blank">the United States, The Netherlands, Australia and elsewhere around the world</a>, well before the global coronavirus crisis. <div><br /></div><div> To be a journalist, is to take on risk and a variety of stressors, specifically related to the work. </div><div><br /></div><div> Some of these stressors are <i>external</i> to the profession: </div><div><br /></div><div>• covering emotionally laden events (including trauma);</div><div>• being subject to abuse from people who distrust (or even hate) journalists;</div><div>• being harassed or attacked while doing your job (compounded by intersectionality).</div><div><br /></div><div>Some of these stressors are <i>internal </i>to the work that journalists do at (and for) news organizations:</div><div>• years and sometimes decades of lay-offs, management restructuring, and budget cuts; </div><div>• gradual shift to <a href="https://www.ifj.org/media-centre/reports/detail/the-changing-nature-of-work-a-global-survey-and-case-study-of-atypical-work-in-the-media-industry-a/category/labour-rights.html" target="_blank">atypical media work</a>, casualization and flexibilization of labor;</div><div>• having to do more with fewer resources (and colleagues);</div><div>• continuous reskilling/multskilling requirements.</div><div><br /></div><div>Underneath all of this And more) runs a concern for the extraordinary amount of emotional labor journalists must do to keep (it all) going: to handle, manipulate, and control the emotions of their colleagues, their sources, an audience, as well as their own feelings. </div><div><br /></div><div>Some of the consequences of all of this:</div><div>• increased absenteeism;</div><div>• negative impact on productivity; </div><div>• an increase in costs to deal with the issue; </div><div>• journalists/voices leaving the profession (particularly those of newcomers and young reporters); </div><div>• people not choosing to become journalists at all (contributing to already significant diversity problems); </div><div>• risk of burnouts (whereas stress relates to the pressure and strain people experience in the process of doing their job, burnout is more closely associated with what the work means to the practitioners involved – their passion for the profession – impacting issues such as job satisfaction, perceived performance level, the need to make a difference, doing impactful work, and reporting on stories that matter).</div><div><br /></div><div>We therefore ask: what is our responsibility, as researchers and educators, as we are discussing the ‘future of journalism’ at this conference and elsewhere in our work? What role do we play in maintaining a work style - a way of working and being at work - that makes so many people sick, miserable, cynical and dejected?
We need to ask the question what makes journalists happy, and make explicit what we can do to help. </div><div><br /></div><div>Help includes a move beyond ‘individualist’ diagnoses – while acknowledging the significant mental health problems professionals can have. We all-to-easily use diagnostic concepts such as burnout and stress, putting the problem with unhappiness in journalism in psychiatric brackets, which runs the risk that all forms of unhappiness become an individual problem, exemplary of the circumstances of an individual journalist. </div><div><br /></div><div>Using diagnostic terms also may medicalize the issue, suggesting that there is a pill or some other kind of treatment a journalist can take to regain her mental health (and to be able to get back to work). This makes it all too easy for institutional players – employers, clients, media organizations, corporate owners, human resource managers, editors-in-chief, and so on - to deny or subvert responsibility. It also takes our eyes off the ‘systemic’ ball, stepping into the trap of what Elisabeth Beck-Gernsheim called "<a href="https://www.theoryculturesociety.org/blog/interview-with-elisabeth-beck-gernsheim-on-individualization" target="_blank">finding biographical solutions for systemic contradictions</a>." </div><div><br /></div><div>Indeed, it is not the journalist who is sick, it is the system, with symptoms such as ever-increasing workload and requirements, the trauma that journalists cover and are part of, newsroom harassment and abuse, the ultra-competitive job ethos, the unfair and untransparent pay structures (across the media), the practice of having journalists compete with each other for a chance to tell stories rather than publishers and broadcasters battle for the best talent. </div><div><br /></div><div>One suggestion we would like to make in order to raise awareness and make this entire sick system visible again: to bring the body (of the journalist) in. </div><div><br /></div><div>Journalism is all about emotion. Emotions are produced by the body. The body, however, has been obliterated in historical accounts of what it means to be a journalist. Consider the occupational ideal of ‘objectivity’: what does it really refer to? To the objectified body of the journalist – who is NOT supposed to feel, not even to be really there. She is a ‘neutral/detached’ observer. We would like to call bullshit on such an argument, as it is exactly the kind of recipe the produces mental health problems and misery. </div><div><br /></div><div>Luckily, thanks to research by colleagues such as Karin Wahl-Jorgensen, Stephen Jukes, Mervi Pantti, Eugenia Siapera, Tamara Witschge, and many others, we know now that journalism is all about emotion: how it is produced, how it matters in society, how it has impact and makes a difference. That understanding and appreciating that emotion makes for better journalism. So we need to take the extra step: acknowledge that journalists have bodies. Bodies that matter, that are subjected to misuse and abuse – especially if we do not stop to think and talk about them. </div><div><br /></div><div>Objectivity should be the ideal of an embodied journalist, who is authentic in her humanity, who can be vulnerable as well as professional. </div><div><br /></div><div>Why do we celebrate, every year around September, the incredible reporting of many American journalists during the 9/11 attacks? Because they showed us their humanity, their grief and shock and horror, while doing their jobs. And this may be an extreme instance of what should otherwise be a mundane practice: that of authentic empathy. </div><div><br /></div><div>There is momentum for this – consider the calls and <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1464884920950090" target="_blank">growing popularity in recent years of various ‘X-journalisms’</a> that have in common a turn away from disembodied reporting: constructive journalism, solutions journalism, peace journalism, participatory journalism, green journalism, hyperlocal journalism (and public or civic journalism way before that).
That is the model of journalism – not the emotional labor that journalists now are doing to render their own humanity invisible or transparent.
</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-42083823978390395322021-07-07T11:23:00.008-04:002021-07-07T11:48:53.087-04:00A Life in Media Take on the Reasons for People Have to Document and Share Extreme Events<p><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> On Tuesday evening, July 6 (2021), well-known <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-57743233" target="_blank">Dutch crime reporter Peter R. De Vries was shot and wounded</a> on a busy street in downtown Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Soon thereafter people started sharing pictures and video of the scene, forwarded posts shared by others, engaged in sometimes intense debates on the ethics of documenting and sharing such material online, and the police called on people to send them their images and videos rather than uploading it to social media or elsewhere online. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">For me in particular, all of this was followed the day after by a barrage of SMS and Whatsapp messages, emails, and phone calls from reporters in The Netherlands and elsewhere in Europe, generally asking for my take - as a media professor - on the merits (or, as several wrote, "inhumanity") of people filming and sharing such horrific events online. So let me offer some thoughts, based on my research for the <a href="https://www.wiley.com/en-am/Media+Life-p-9780745680538" target="_blank">media life</a> / <a href="http://digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/6/1/000110/000110.html" target="_blank">life in media</a> project (new book coming out in 2022 or 2023 with MIT Press), grounded in the overall notion that we do not live <i>with</i>, but <i>in</i> media.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>Psychology: handling strong emotions</i></span></span></p><p>Witnessing a traffic accident, being proximate to some kind of terrorist attack, experiencing any kind of trauma: these events produce strong, raw emotions. These are the kind of emotions most people generally try to avoid, and feel quite uncomfortable with. Often those emotions drive us to do things we are sorry for later. In a life in media, it is perhaps not surprising that one way of handling your strong emotions about these kind of events is to (quite possibly rather mindlessly) recording and sharing them - with friends in our online social networks, and through them with the world. It can be seen as a way of outsourcing the processing of our raw emotions to an invisible audience online, of sharing the responsibility of witnessing. <br /><br /><i style="font-family: inherit;">Economy: sharing brings benefits </i></p>When we share momentous occasions - good or bad - in our life online, this often brings certain benefits: people see us, notice us, get engaged by us. Our posts and updates may get some likes, are favorited, shared and forwarded, even commented on. All of this feeds one of our most fundamental human needs: recognition. Recognition and appreciation can translate into feeling powerful or even superior, but for most people this mainly means that they want to be seen and acknowledged in some way. Sharing something about a horrific event offers all kinds of options for our narrative agency, for example letting people know what we find shocking or cool, where we are and what we are doing, what kind of communities we want to belong to, so on and so forth.<p><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>Technology: mindless and mundane</i></span></span></p><p>Given the <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">worldwide penetration of smartphones</a> and other internet-enabled mobile devices - reaching about 80 per cent of the global population - it is safe to say that most people (and especially those in a metropolitan center such as Amsterdam) walk around with a sophisticated device in their hand or pocket that is always on, permanently online, and tends to be loaded with apps that are designed for <a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">frictionless sharing</a> of a life in media. Documenting, recording, archiving, uploading, and sharing any and all experiences - whether a particularly well brewed latte, a cool concert, or the devastation of a forest fire - has become a rather mundane, even banal part of everyday life. There is an element of mindlessness to all this sharing and forwarding, and it would be a mistake to assume much rational reasoning behind it. Living in media assumes our general blindness to media - media are to us like water is to fish. <br /><br /><i style="font-family: inherit;">Culture: a collective experiment</i></p>In conclusion, all these elements come together to form our current, dynamic digital culture - which is, unlike analog cultures (like print and broadcast) never finished, but always in a process of becoming. When people started sharing images and video of the shocking street scene in my hometown last night, just as many - if not many, many more - people responded with disgust and rejection. This is a recurring feature of most, if not all instances of extreme event sharing online. We are all enmeshed in a constant collective sense-making experience, which may feel restless, unsettling and sometimes even frightening, but can also be considered to be a fascinating experiment in evolving our humanity with pervasive and ubiquitous technology. Unlike earlier media cultures, the digital context has a permanent impermanence about it, making it much harder to figure out. But we are figuring it out, and I find it encouraging that in the process we are not becoming less human. Perhaps our technologies are becoming more human?<br /><br />Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-84908805325021264432021-05-12T08:57:00.005-04:002021-05-13T05:18:25.753-04:00Freelance Journalistiek in Nederland: 2013-2021<p><span style="font-family: inherit;">Er broeit wat in de wereld van mediawerkers in het algemeen, en die van zelfstandige journalisten in het bijzonder. De laatste jaren zijn zij zich wereldwijd op allerlei manieren aan het organiseren. Voorbij zijn de dagen waarin je twee kampen had: een meerderheid van op contractbasis werkende professionals enerzijds, en een klein legertje geïsoleerd werkende eenpitters anderzijds. Tegenwoordig ervaart elke werkende journalist hoe precair het beroep is: mensen met een 'vast' contract zien hoe collega's ontslagen worden en zulke contracten kennen in toenemende mate allerlei beperkende bepalingen wat betreft lengte, arbeidsvoorwaarden en -voorzieningen, en werkgeversverplichtingen. Zelfstandigen werken daarnaast op allerlei manieren in pseudo-aanstellingsvormen door redactiediensten te draaien, vaste rubrieken en columns bij te houden, en worden via uitzendbureaus en andere bemiddelaars kunstmatig aan de lijn gehouden. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;">Gelukkig beseffen hierdoor steeds meer mediawerkers dat dit niet zo langer meer kan. Wat de media-industrie vergeet is dat het zonder al deze professionals helemaal niets heeft om te verkopen aan het publiek. Er is door de jaren heen een idiote situatie ontstaan waarin mediamakers met elkaar concurreren voor een kans om gepubliceerd/uitgezonden te worden, in plaats van dat mediabedrijven - omroepen, uitgevers, internetplatformen, enzovoorts - proberen om de grootste talenten op fatsoenlijke manier aan zich te binden.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;">Als wetenschapper doe ik sinds 1997 onderzoek naar de arbeidsmarkt voor mediawerkers - waarbij de journalistiek mijn bijzondere aandacht heeft. Sinds mijn proefschrift (uit 2001) publiceer ik regelmatig hierover, zowel in academische tijdschriften als in opiniebijdragen voor kranten, in boeken (zoals "<a href="https://politybooks.com/bookdetail/?isbn=9780745639253" target="_blank">Media Work</a>" uit 2007, "<a href="https://uk.sagepub.com/en-gb/eur/managing-media-work/book233336" target="_blank">Managing Media Work</a>" in 2011, en "<a href="https://www.aup.nl/en/book/9789462988118/making-media" target="_blank">Making Media</a>" samen met Mirjam Prenger uit 2019), op blogs en social media, en voor bijdragen aan congressen en dergelijke. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;">Aangezien er ode laatste jaren van alles speelt in Nederland op het gebied van de zelforganisatie van zelfstandigen - zoals de oprichting van De Coöperatie, de campagne van de NVJ 'Journalistiek heeft een prijs', rechtszaken die door freelancers worden aangespannen jegens uitgevers en zelfstandigen die zich per redactie organiseren om betere behandeling te eisen van hoofdredacties - deel ik hieronder twee Nederlandstalige bijdragen, die ik in 2013 en 2018 schreef op uitnodiging van de Nederlandse Vereniging voor Journalisten naar aanleiding van de publicatie van de uitkomsten van de jaarlijkse Freelance Monitor, een survey onder zelfstandige journalisten in opdracht van <span style="background-color: white;">vakorganisaties NVJ, NVF, Auteursbond, DuPho en door de collectieve beheersorganisaties Lira en Pictoright, uitgevoerd door Henk Vinken en Hans Mariën van onderzoeksbureau HTH Research. De bijdrage uit 2019 schreef ik samen met mijn UvA-collega Mirjam Prenger en werd in verkorte vorm gepubliceerd in De Volkskrant van 19 juni 2019.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><b><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;">De nieuwsindustrie ondermijnt zichzelf door haar behandeling van freelancers: reactie op de <i>Monitor Freelancers en Media 2018</i><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><b>19 juni 2019</b></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><i><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Prof. dr. Mark Deuze & dr. Mirjam Prenger, afdeling Mediastudies, Universiteit van Amsterdam <o:p></o:p></span></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Werken in de media is de droom en ambitie van velen. Maar het romantische beeld van mediawerk staat in schril contrast tot de heersende arbeidsomstandigheden in de media: contracten zijn veelal tijdelijk, redacteuren verhuizen van project naar project zonder dat hun toekomst zeker is, een groot deel van het werk wordt slecht of zelfs helemaal niet betaald en de meeste mensen werken als zelfstandige zonder adequate verzekeringen voor de oude dag, laat staan voor ziekte, arbeidsongeschiktheid of werkloosheid. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="NL">Landelijke dagbladen en omroepen zijn als gevolg van bezuinigingen en ontslagen op redacties afhankelijk van freelancers. Maar ze betalen freelance journalisten en fotografen steeds minder voor hun werk. Per opdracht wordt nu bijvoorbeeld ruim 10 procent minder betaald dan vier jaar geleden en per foto zelfs 20 procent minder, zo blijkt uit de zojuist gepresenteerde <i>Monitor</i>. Het onderzoek laat zien dat het inkomen van zelfstandigen in de media achter blijft bij dat van ZZP-ers in andere sectoren en extreem verschilt van het salaris van werknemers. De verhouding tussen de gemiddelde jaarinkomsten van vaste werknemers in de journalistiek (circa <span class="e24kjd">€</span></span><span class="e24kjd"><span lang="NL"> </span></span><span lang="NL">60.000) en freelance journalisten (<span class="e24kjd">€</span></span><span class="e24kjd"><span lang="NL"></span></span><span lang="NL">24.300) is schrijnend. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Het is opvallend dat bijna 40 procent van de werkweek van zelfstandigen in de media bestaat uit ‘speculatief werk’, dat wil zeggen: onbetaalde werkuren. Dat zijn uren die je maakt voor een verhaal die het tarief voor zo’n verhaal niet dekt, uren die je investeert in om-, her- en bijscholing, in netwerken en acquisitie, in plannen uitwerken en presenteren of pitchen, in subisidie-aanvragen schrijven, voorbeeldverhalen aanleveren, enzovoorts. Dit soort gratis werk, dat je doet met de hoop dat het in een later stadium alsnog inkomen oplevert, is prettig voor opdrachtgevers, maar duur voor makers. Desondanks willen de meeste zelfstandigen blijven freelancen en hopen ze dat het de komende jaren beter zal gaan. De noodzaak om onbetaald te werken, de slechte onderhandelingspositie en het uitblijven van voldoende opdrachten om alle rekeningen te betalen wordt niet gezien als individueel falen dan wel uitbuiting door het systeem, maar als tijdelijke fluctuaties van een onvoorspelbare markt. Dit is een denkfout: de media als industrie exploiteert creatief talent in plaats van het te koesteren. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Uit eerder onderzoek van de Universiteit van Amsterdam onder journalisten die de laatste jaren hun (vaste) baan zijn kwijtgeraakt en daarna doorgaan als zelfstandigen (soms op of voor dezelfde redacties waar ze eerder in vaste dienst waren), bleken een viertal zorgwekkende ontwikkelingen, welke deels zichtbaar zijn in deze <i>Monitor</i>. Ten eerste is er sprake van toenemende flexibilisering op redacties, waardoor begeleiding, mentoring en bijscholing verschraalt of zelfs helemaal verdwijnt en er nauwelijks meer wordt geïnvesteerd in journalistiek talent. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Ten tweede worden freelance journalisten, om rond te komen, gedwongen hun werk te combineren met klussen voor andere commerciële opdrachtgevers buiten de nieuwsindustrie. Er is, zo blijkt eveneens uit de <i>Monitor</i>, een duidelijke toename van freelancers die ook ander, niet-journalistiek werk doet. Dit kan leiden tot tegenstrijdige belangen – iets waar Sheila Sitalsing ook op gewezen heeft in haar Persvrijheidslezing. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="NL">Ten derde heeft de groeiende onzekerheid in het vak een negatieve impact op de moraal onder journalisten</span><span lang="NL">, </span><span lang="NL">waardoor sommigen besluiten het vak helemaal te verlaten. Hierdoor gaat er talent en kwaliteit verloren voor de journalistiek. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Tot slot dreigt het gevaar van een ‘zwijgspiraal’ op redacties en onder freelancers vanwege de angst om als ‘moeilijk’ te worden gezien. Uit de <i>Monitor</i> blijkt dat 20 procent van de freelancers niet onderhandelt omdat dat ‘niet op prijs wordt gesteld’ of omdat ze niet durven te onderhandelen. De onderlinge concurrentie is dermate groot dat men zich niet kritisch of assertief durft op te stellen. Ook maken opdrachtgevers onderhandelingen nagenoeg onmogelijk door intern gehanteerde vaste basistarieven niet openbaar te maken, door voorwaarden te hanteren die het mogelijk maken het werk van freelancers door te verkopen (waardoor zij dit werk zelf niet meer elders kunnen uitzetten voor aanvullend inkomen), door zich te verschuilen achter de ‘marktwerking’ van een overspannen arbeidsmarkt waarin steeds meer mensen creatief werk willen doen en soms bereid zijn slechte voorwaarden te accepteren om maar een kans te hebben iets te publiceren.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Er zijn ruwweg twee visies mogelijk op de positie van freelancers in de journalistiek. Aan de ene kant zou je kunnen stellen dat de meeste freelancers zelf hebben gekozen voor dit bestaan. Daarmee is de specifieke problematiek van de zelfstandige in de media – onderbetaling, zwakke onderhandelingspositie, onvoorspelbaarheid van werk, afhankelijkheid van tarieven en andere spelregels opgelegd door opdrachtgevers – hun eigen verantwoordelijkheid. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Aan de andere kant is er geen wezenlijk verschil tussen de zelfstandige en de werknemer in de journalistiek, anders dan het reguliere inkomen. Beiden zijn journalist en de media zijn van allebei de groepen afhankelijk. Daarnaast hebben ze allemaal te maken met precaire arbeidsomstandigheden – denk voor de werknemer aan de voortdurende dreiging van nieuwe ontslagrondes, bezuinigingen en reorganisaties – en staan journalisten onder permanente druk om kwaliteit te leveren terwijl werk- en opdrachtgevers nauwelijks in hen investeren. Ondertussen boeken <span class="entry-content-excerpt">bijvoorbeeld de Nederlandse krantenuitgevers elk jaar wel winst </span>– <span class="entry-content-excerpt">meer dan 16 procent in 2018. </span>Nu de Nederlandse overheid ook nog eens 20 miljoen euro heeft uitgetrokken om de onderzoeksjournalistiek de komende jaren te ondersteunen, is de aanhoudende uitbuiting van journalistiek talent door werk- en opdrachtgevers des te meer pijnlijk.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Vanuit dit laatste perspectief bezien belicht de <i>Monitor</i> slechts een deel van de werkelijkheid. Nederland loopt voorop in de wereld als het gaat om het percentage zelfstandigen in de economie in het algemeen, en in de media in het bijzonder. In Nederland vormen zelfstandigen in de journalistiek al tenminste sinds 2011 de grootste groep. Daarmee zijn hun ervaringen leidend om goed te begrijpen hoe gezond de journalistiek in ons land is. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Het beeld dat uit de <i>Monitor</i> naar voren komt is dat van een betrokken, enthousiaste en hardwerkende beroepsgroep, die het soms tegen beter weten in blijft volhouden in een steeds zakelijker functionerende nieuwsindustrie. Die nieuwsindustrie bezuinigt vooral op haar eigen talent – en dan vooral op de freelancers, getuige de dalende tarieven van de twee uitgevers die de markt beheersen, DPG Media (voorheen de Persgroep) en TMG (onderdeel van het Mediahuis). Deze houding van de nieuwsindustrie heeft consequenties voor de kwaliteit en betrouwbaarheid die media bieden en is daarmee ondermijnend voor de media zelf. Uit de laatste cijfers van het internationaal vergelijkende <i>Reuters Institute Digital News Report</i> blijkt nog steeds een gering vertrouwen van het publiek in de journalistiek. Verdere aantasting van de kwaliteit zal dat vertrouwen nog meer onder druk zetten. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Een ander gevolg van dit alles is demotivatie en verlies van vertrouwen ten opzichte van werk- en opdrachtgevers onder journalisten. Internationaal onderzoek toont aan dat voortdurende arbeidsonzekerheid, uitbuiting en het telkens maar net (of net niet) rond komen een grote rol speelt bij stress, burnout en andere geestelijke gezondheidsklachten. Ook leidt dit tot situaties waarbij journalisten kwaliteitsmedia niet meer serieus nemen als goede werk- en opdrachtgever, maar dit soort media louter gebruiken voor eigen gewin. Dit soort ‘promotioneel werk’ kennen we vooral uit de seksindustrie, waar sekswerkers zo nu en dan een rolletje spelen in een pornofilm niet om daar geld mee te verdienen – want deze bedrijfstak exploiteert de meeste acteurs en actrices op extreme wijze – maar omdat zij met zo’n optreden de prijs voor eigen werk op kunnen drijven. Dit zien we ook terug onder freelancers, die met één slecht betaald verhaal in de NRC of Volkskrant de waarde van hun eigen merk elders in de informatie- en communicatiesector kunnen vergroten. Deze praktijk komt zeker niet ten goede aan de kwaliteitsjournalistiek.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoPlainText" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;">De <i>Monitor</i> laat zien hoe hard het nodig is dat freelancers zich op allerlei manieren blijven verenigen en dat er meer kennisdeling en training moet komen over de zakelijke en juridische aspecten van het zelfstandigenbestaan. Bovenal toont het aan hoe noodzakelijk het is om discussie te voeren over de wijze waarop de nieuwsindustrie omgaat met freelancers. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoPlainText" style="margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span lang="NL">Onafhankelijke, kritische kwaliteitsjournalistiek, een grote waarde in ons land, vraagt om voortdurende bewaking en investering </span><span lang="NL">–</span><span lang="NL"> in talent en middelen. Ook gelet op de winsten en ondersteunende miljoenen, moet die prijs betaald worden. Dat betekent concreet: een normale honorering voor freelancers, meer solidariteit (en onderlinge afstemming) tussen werknemers en freelancers, en niet een <i>race to the bottom</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;"><b>Freelancer uit overtuiging: zegen en zorg</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><b>26 november 2013<o:p></o:p></b></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><b> </b></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><i>Prof.Dr. Mark Deuze, Hoogleraar Mediastudies, in het bijzonder Journalistiek, Universiteit van Amsterdam</i><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoPlainText" style="margin: 0cm;"><b><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Deze week verschijnt een onderzoek naar de positie en inkomensontwikkeling van freelancers. Ondanks dat de overgrote meerderheid van de freelancers uit overtuiging voor een onafhankelijk bestaan in de journalistiek kiest, staan tarieven onder druk en neemt de concurrentie toe. Internationaal onderzoek laat zien dat freelancejournalistiek de norm wordt, maar juridisch en economisch onbeschermde journalisten zijn kwetsbaar. In zijn recente Kamerbrief over pers en journalistiek zegt staatssecretaris Sander Dekker van alles over hoe essentieel de journalistiek voor onze democratie is, maar rept met geen woord over zij, die al dit pluriforme moois mogelijk maken: journalisten.<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;">In de journalistiek is de werkgelegenheid de laatste jaren in hoog tempo verschoven van vaste dienstverbanden naar tijdelijke of projectmatige contracten, eenmansbedrijfjes en uitzendwerk. Op dit moment werkt ongeveer de helft van alle journalisten in Nederland zonder dat een werkgever verantwoordelijk is voor zoiets als pensioenbijdrage, doorbetaling bij ziekte, opslagregeling, winstuitkering of arbeidsrechtelijke bescherming. Volgens de laatste representatieve telling uit 2010 werkt eenderde van de journalisten als freelancer met verschillende opdrachtgevers, 12 procent heeft een vaste opdrachtgever (bijvoorbeeld één specifiek dagblad, programma of tijdschrift) en 1 procent combineert een vaste baan met freelancen.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Het lijkt er sterk op dat journalisten tot het freelancen gedwongen worden door aanhoudende ontslagen bij alle nieuwsmedia in Nederland. Zowel bij de landelijke en regionale omroep, de dagbladen als in de tijdschriftsector wordt stelselmatig bezuinigd op redacties. Een subtieler proces dat parallel hieraan loopt is het omzetten van vaste contracten in tijdelijke aanstellingen en het daarna niet meer verlengen van dit soort provisioneel dienstverband. Hoewel dit proces niet nieuw is, neemt het de laatste jaren een vogelvlucht, aangejaagd door het uitblijven van een verdienmodel voor de distributie van nieuws via internet.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;">De verschuiving vast ‘vast’ naar ‘vrij’ is niet exclusief voor de journalistiek. In feite vindt dit proces plaats in vrijwel alle sectoren van de economie. Volgens de enquête beroepsbevolking (EBB) van het CBS is het aantal zelfstandigen zonder personeel (zzp’ers) tussen 2000 en 2010 verdubbeld. Ongeveer één op de tien mensen van de totale werkzame beroepsbevolking in Nederland is zelfstandige. Volgens het CBS is stijging van het aandeel zzp’ers in de werkzame beroepsbevolking structureel voor alle generaties. In de creatieve sector, waarvan journalistiek deel uitmaakt, is het aantal zelfstandigen (waaronder freelancers) veel groter. Daarom kan gesteld worden dat zij de voorhoede vormen van de rest van de beroepsbevolking.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;">In september en oktober 2013 is een internetsurvey uitgevoerd onder de leden van de Nederlandse Vereniging van Journalisten, de Freelancers Associatie, de Fotografen Federatie en auteursrechtenorganisatie Lira. Uit de antwoorden van de 847 deelnemende journalisten blijkt dat bijna de helft (43 procent) puur uit overtuiging freelancer is. Slechts 14 procent is freelancer vanwege gedwongen ontslag. Dit lijkt in tegenspraak met wat hierboven is gesteld, maar bevestigt het beeld uit internationaal onderzoek dat zij die ooit een vast dienstverband hadden het meestal niet redden als zelfstandige en eerder geneigd zijn het beroep te verlaten voor een vaste baan elders. Van alle freelancers wil 5 procent toch liefst (weer) een baan in loondienst.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;">De praktijk van tweederde van alle freelancers bestaat uitsluitend uit puur journalistiek werk. Dit is mooi – maar hier zit juist ook de keerzijde van de medaille. Uit het onderzoek blijkt dat freelancers gemiddeld ruim 37 uur per week werken, maar er daarvan slechts 22,5 betaald krijgen. Daarbij is de onderlinge concurrentie sterk toegenomen in vergelijking met het laatste onderzoek onder freelance journalisten tien jaar geleden. De opdrachtgevers worden hierdoor steeds machtiger, wat ook blijkt uit de structurele daling van de tarieven voor journalistiek werk. Vooral onder fotografen zijn de tarieven bijna met de helft gedaald gedurende de laatste tien jaar. Wat ook tekenend is: ongeveer tweederde van alle freelancers is niet verzekerd tegen arbeidsongeschiktheid, 88 procent niet tegen werkloosheid en 35 procent doet financieel niets voor de oude dag (of heeft daar simpelweg niet de financiële ruimte voor).<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;">De onzekere omstandigheden waaronder het journalistieke handwerk in Nederland wordt bedreven zijn zorgwekkend. In de huidige discussie over de toekomst van de journalistiek vergeten we de cruciale rol van de individuele zelfstandige journalist. Hier liggen verantwoordelijkheden bij alle partijen: bij het publiek om actief betrokken te blijven bij het nieuws, bij de journalisten om zich niet te laten onderbetalen en wegsaneren, bij adverteerders om hun reclames te plaatsen bij media die aanzien en vertrouwen bij de bevolking genieten, bij het nieuwsbedrijf door te blijven investeren in innovatie en talent, en bij de overheid om de marktwerking ten gunste van zelfstandigen te steunen en stimuleren.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span lang="NL"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></p><p><br /></p>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-10719087711226869192021-03-28T12:02:00.004-04:002021-03-28T12:02:57.201-04:00Media Life Revisited<p><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); white-space: pre-wrap;">Exactly ten years ago, in 2011, I was in the final stages of completing the manuscript for my book </span><a href="https://politybooks.com/bookdetail/?isbn=9780745650005" target="_blank">Media Life<span style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); white-space: pre-wrap;">, (published in 2012 by </span>Polity Press</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://politybooks.com/bookdetail/?isbn=9780745650005" target="_blank">)</a>. In this book, I explored the consequences of what at the time seemed both a fairly simple, but also somewhat academic premise: what if we do not live with media, but ín media? </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5blZwwsrQa74cPKa-ovLJMrT9H8SM4qpTpDWdskNT4zelJ1eu2HKYFkciR95d3GfiP4HQfx9SCoNpWsGZHnhHY9zAKTy91hiEkxFfZ6pD0UTmicO0IPcfgB74_7igPy682Vm-2g/s2048/IMG_2121.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="356" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5blZwwsrQa74cPKa-ovLJMrT9H8SM4qpTpDWdskNT4zelJ1eu2HKYFkciR95d3GfiP4HQfx9SCoNpWsGZHnhHY9zAKTy91hiEkxFfZ6pD0UTmicO0IPcfgB74_7igPy682Vm-2g/w475-h356/IMG_2121.jpg" width="475" /></a></span></div><span style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); font-family: inherit; white-space: pre-wrap;"><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); font-family: inherit; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p>This was an attempt to let go of the illusion that we, as humans, are somehow special in relation to technology and nature). The illusion that we can comprehensively control our media (for example by pulling the plug, pressing the off-switch on a remote control, or by becoming 'mediawise') in fact preserves media as the primary definer of our reality. </span><p></p><div class="o9v6fnle cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">If we let go of this deception – this dualist fallacy of domination of man over machine (or vice versa) – it may be possible, I wrote at the time, to come to terms with the world we are a part of in ways that are less about effects, things and what happens, more about process, practice and what can be done.</span></div></div><div class="o9v6fnle cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">After this year (2020-2021) in media, this corona year, do we feel - in control of our media? Not really. Do we feel supported by our leaders and other experts to expertly navigate the ocean of media we are all swimming in (as media, to us, is like water to fish)? Not really.</span></div></div><div class="o9v6fnle cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">At the end of <a href="https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Media+Life-p-9780745680538" target="_blank">Media Life</a>, I was drawn to the conclusion that deeper immersion in a comprehensively mediated world was inevitable - not because that is what media corporations and platform companies want, nor because technology develops beyond human intervention. Living in media occurs because living in media comes natural to us - more 'natural' than anything else (hence the bewildering emotional consequence we feel when going off-line for a while). </span></div></div><div class="o9v6fnle cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">What this corona year has brought us, in terms of 'media life' and our obvious love (and hate) for media, is the astounding success of interactive video applications (such as Zoom, Skype, FaceTime, House Party and Teams), as well as a worldwide run on bicycles (and walking shoes, and garden furniture). We just really want to be with each other and hang out - in Martini terms: anytime, anyplace, anywhere.</span></div><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div><div dir="auto"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/6L6CbIR0Pkw" width="320" youtube-src-id="6L6CbIR0Pkw"></iframe></div><span style="font-family: inherit;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>Our corona year in media also has shown us that the real and the virtual have truly collapsed - as the COVID pandemic rages on in conjunction with a full blown infodemic (which is, according to the World Health Organisation, just as fatal as the disease).</span></div></div><div class="o9v6fnle cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">In 2012 I ended the book with a reference to the final sentence of Brett Easton Ellis' book American Psycho: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Psycho" target="_blank">THIS IS NOT AN EXIT</a>.</span></div><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">There is no exit to our media life, just as there is no outside to globalisation (as populist politicians would have you believe). I honestly do not think any of this is necessarily problematic. If we embrace our strong emotions about media (and through media, about each other), if we accept that what we are all primarily doing in and with media is seeking connection and communion, if we can agree that our love for media is about turning the uncannily complex nature of our reality into something we can handle, there is much to be hopeful for.</span></div><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">We should invest in this love for media, in our intense 'desire to communicate' (paraphrasing </span><div class="nc684nl6" style="display: inline; font-family: inherit;"><a href="https://www.westminsterpapers.org/article/id/7/" target="_blank">Paddy Scannell</a></div><span style="font-family: inherit;"> and </span><div class="nc684nl6" style="display: inline; font-family: inherit;"><a href="https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/S/bo3656803.html" target="_blank">John Durham Peters</a></div><span style="font-family: inherit;"> here), benchmarking them with public values (as my colleagues and friends </span><a href="https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-platform-society-9780190889777?cc=gb&lang=en&" style="font-family: inherit;" target="_blank">José van Dijck, <div class="nc684nl6" style="display: inline;">Thomas Poell</div> and <div class="nc684nl6" style="display: inline;">Martijn De Waal</div></a><span style="font-family: inherit;"> have argued), while always being mindful of our own inadequacy to master or control them, therefore forgiving the unavoidable failure of ourselves and others to use media well, while always trying to help others - especially those less fortunate.</span></div></div><div class="o9v6fnle cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">We have to consider media as true 'tools for conviviality' - something Evan Illich already argued in the 1970s, considering all aspects of media in terms of how they encourage people to think for themselves and be more socially engaged. This functionality is built in our digital tools. <a href="https://rushkoff.com/open-source-democracy-available-for-free-download/" target="_blank">As <div class="nc684nl6" style="display: inline;">Douglas Rushkoff</div> has pointed out</a>: living in media makes reality open source - a program we can all edit. Indeed, there is no lack of social engagement in the world - in and through media - today. Some of this engagement is transformative and powerfully inspiring - consider MeToo, Black Lives Matters, the Arab Spring, protests in Hong Kong, the Ele Não movement in Brasil, and so on. Some of it is deeply troubling - such as the storming of the Capitol building in the US, and the persistence of conspiracy theories. Yet all of this is part of media life - not caused by it, but inconceivable without it.</span></div></div><div class="o9v6fnle cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql ii04i59q" style="margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); white-space: pre-wrap;">Perhaps I could write a new version of that 'old' book, but re-reading </span></span><div class="nc684nl6" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); display: inline; font-family: inherit; white-space: pre-wrap;">Media Life</div><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); white-space: pre-wrap;"> now makes me smile - it was a peculiar phase in my life when I wrote it, gradually coming more into my own as a scholar (and as a human being), and in general just having so much fun exploring the argument, doing the research. I cannot do that again, I do not want to revisit nor replicate it (on a </span></span><span style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); white-space: pre-wrap;">side-note</span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); white-space: pre-wrap;">: Dutch friends may remember </span></span><div class="nc684nl6" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); display: inline; font-family: inherit; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://www.walburgpers.nl/nl/book/9789462986954/leven-in-media" target="_blank">Leven In Media</a></div><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); white-space: pre-wrap;">, a book I wrote in 2017 as a non-fiction book intended to debunk moral panics about the media, inspired by Media Life and my teaching). </span></span></span></div></div><div class="o9v6fnle cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;">I guess I will have to write a new book, and it will be inspired by our life in media, but it will be something else, something different. For now, and for what it is worth, I am hopeful, optimistic, and eager to see what media life brings us. </span></div></div><div class="o9v6fnle cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql ii04i59q" style="caret-color: rgb(228, 230, 235); margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><b>This is not an exit.</b></span></div></div>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-59548983607768692072021-03-08T10:54:00.011-05:002021-03-08T10:55:58.735-05:00Media Love: Starting the BookLast year, in August 2020, I finally signed a contract with my publisher, the consistently awesome Polity Press, to write the third instalment of my trilogy (after Media Work in 2007 and Media Life in 2011). This would be Media Love - wherein I explore what it means to love media. What does the love of media do, what does it bring us, and how does love help us to live a good and beautiful life in media?<div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOhCZTXQm1odJjq4rKuCeApXYQQUt1X9Zv8I1AkBuGW98v31GbuvBKLuNbAPf_ZD2w-wLYtWF2PKSJ7ftVQN5SDVWntkyOROAJJYBdBqf-k1UpdaQBP7Di9dOHKP7B9sOO3BM1zg/s1850/Screenshot+2021-03-08+at+15.33.07.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0px; text-align: center;"><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="956" data-original-width="1850" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOhCZTXQm1odJjq4rKuCeApXYQQUt1X9Zv8I1AkBuGW98v31GbuvBKLuNbAPf_ZD2w-wLYtWF2PKSJ7ftVQN5SDVWntkyOROAJJYBdBqf-k1UpdaQBP7Di9dOHKP7B9sOO3BM1zg/s320/Screenshot+2021-03-08+at+15.33.07.png" width="320" /></a></div>
To me, our love for media (and the role media play in our love) is a fundamental aspect of both everyday life and the scholarly study of media and communication. So writing a book about love (and media) seems relatively straightforward. However, I have been struggling to get any words on paper. Until today. So I'd like to share some early thoughts on media love, for what its worth (if anything, to signpost my own process). </div><div><br /></div><div>There are roughly two ways of thinking and talking about the relationship between media (or mediatized communication) and love. First, we can consider the mediatization of love. Here, we would discuss the role all kinds of media play in romance and sexuality, how love (and sex) are portrayed in popular media, and examine the range of affectionate and intimate relationships we have with our media. </div><div><br /></div><div> Second, we would go deeper down the rabbit role and ask ourselves the more fundamental question: why do we care (so much) about media? Why do people love (and hate) media? The answer to this question is as mundane as it is profound: we feel so strongly about media because, through media, we are (or can be) in touch with others: other people, other lifeforms (including our pets, nature, and the cosmos), even the divine. It is through media that we co-constitute our sociality - which in part explains why we feel so anxious about miscommunication. </div><div><br /></div><div>I owe much of this insight to John Durham Peters (and Paddy Scannell's reading of John's work), and by talking with my undergraduate students from around the world in roughly two decades of teaching introductory courses. </div><div><br /></div><div>What I hope to establish in Media Love, is an argument for taking love seriously as the foundation of studying and understanding media, and to conceptualise an approach to media literacy not as a (critical or skeptical, even fearful) defense against media, but as a loving (as in: caring, forgiving, co-creative and trusting) way of living in media. </div><div><br /></div><div>Hopefully I will find the time over the next couple of years to complete the research and writing of the manuscript...</div>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-35975762677772432622021-03-03T18:52:00.000-05:002021-03-03T18:52:06.146-05:00A Model of Media as both Agent of and Environment for Social Change<div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlhKBx1MeL-tcIGFKJEf6H88adHezO2qcMpRiKoYqP9XjPY2Pxrqnws0U9t6lQtqwSv52CXpc_c2WMdpMlIeE4H2lFXmSBHytELJ4X3FJuhg92Hsy64njSUmEk8yJZAjwEH0YXfA/s1462/media+effects+model+mediaanthro+2021.png" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0; text-align: center; "><img alt="" border="0" width="400" data-original-height="950" data-original-width="1462" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlhKBx1MeL-tcIGFKJEf6H88adHezO2qcMpRiKoYqP9XjPY2Pxrqnws0U9t6lQtqwSv52CXpc_c2WMdpMlIeE4H2lFXmSBHytELJ4X3FJuhg92Hsy64njSUmEk8yJZAjwEH0YXfA/s400/media+effects+model+mediaanthro+2021.png"/></a></div>
Inspired by:
Mihelj, S. and Stanyer, J. (2019) ‘Theorizing media, communication and social change: towards a processual approach’, Media, Culture & Society, 41(4): 482–501.
and discussions on the <a href="http://lists.easaonline.org/listinfo.cgi/medianthro-easaonline.org" target="_blank">Medianthro mailing list</a> (in February/March 2021).Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-82478068294233343952021-02-15T09:40:00.003-05:002021-02-15T09:40:38.408-05:00Podcast of Vlog with Herman Wasserman on the Ethics of Listening across Difference<p><br /></p>
<iframe src="https://anchor.fm/mark-deuze/embed/episodes/On-the-Ethics-of-Listening-across-Difference-with-Herman-Wasserman-eqedfu" height="102px" width="400px" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe>
Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6842892.post-34036348008488641252021-02-05T09:38:00.003-05:002021-02-08T03:35:47.733-05:00How to be an (international) scholar?<div style="text-align: left;">
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><img alt="Image result for international scholar" class="n3VNCb" data-noaft="1" src="https://www.cpp.edu/international/scholars/img/h-scholar.jpg" style="height: 282.188px; margin: 0px; width: 602px;" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> (image credit: <a href="https://www.cpp.edu/international/scholars/img/h-scholar.jpg" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">CalPolyPomona</a>)<br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Increasingly,
I am being asked to give talks and run workshops for colleagues, mostly junior
scholars, post-docs and doctoral students, about ‘what it takes’ or ‘how to make
it work’ as an (international) academic. This is something I profoundly enjoy –
so please do not hesitate to reach out to me if you think I could be helpful.</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">During such
sessions, I try not to talk too much (…), instead letting the questions and
concerns of participants guide the conversation. Likewise, I tend to shy away
from giving more or less generic tips and tricks – primarily because what works
for one person, does not for someone else, and it ignores context. Ultimately,
our strategies and tactics (in work, as in life) are particular to our
personality and how we grow, to our social and material circumstances, to the
groups and communities we (like to) belong to, so on and so forth.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">That said,
I can relate a few ways of being in the world as a scholar that, when looking
back on my career (I’ve been active in this field since 1997 when I started my
PhD in Amsterdam, and have lived, studied and taught on three continents: Europe,
Africa, and North America), seem to have worked. These are all personal
experiences that have somehow served me well, and that I tend to use and refer
to as the foundation for whatever ‘advice’ I might be able to give to my
students and colleagues. </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Ultimately,
for me these are life lessons not so much about being ‘successful’ in terms of
getting a great job with lots of prestigious grants and publications. This is
more about feeling more or less <i>autonomous</i> – or at the very least having
<i>agency</i> – throughout it all. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So
here goes, my list of key tips and tricks I learned as an academic:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-language-override: normal; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Your Story: Don’t have a Program -
have a Grand Narrative</span></b></span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-language-override: normal; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Your Message: </span></b><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Submit your Work where it Matters</span></b></span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-language-override: normal; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Your Self: Be like a Kid in a Candy
Store</span></b></span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-language-override: normal; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Your Work: Being on Time is Better
than being Best</span></b></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></b></span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Obviously,
this list is incomplete and my explanations below quite possibly not applicable
to all. Furthermore, these are lessons learned from an already privileged
position as a white cisgender male from an overdeveloped Western-European
nation, empowered to study because of generous government financing schemes,
being able to move abroad to work in part because I had no economic obligations
to take care of anyone but myself. I am aware of the profound role these
circumstances have had on my career, and are learning every day how I can do
better in taking responsibility for this. That said, I sincerely hope the
following can be of use to you, if anything just to start a conversation.</span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">1. Your
Story</span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Don’t
have a Program - have a Grand Narrative</span></b></span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Most
strategic advice about your career argues that research should be programmatic.
Programmatic research tends to be seen as having an over-arching theme that
cuts across all your work which focuses on a key issue, problem, phenomenon or
outcome. Publications tend to follow each other closely, datasets often get
parsed out into multiple papers and presentations, grant applications propose subsequent
work. While this can be valuable, it can also be a bit… mechanical. How can one
issue or problem truly cover everything that makes us wonder about the world?</span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Human
beings are not just social animals – we are also curious by nature. This curiosity
tends to be an amplified trait of researchers. Our curiosity may be focused on
one thing, one theme, all the time – to the detriment of all the other things
that strike our fancy. I am not entirely sure this exclusive (if not extreme)
focus is either realistic, or healthy. We grow, evolve, develop, meet new
people, read new books, encounter phenomena that defy explanation, have
experiences that shake us to the core. That kind of energy and emotion has to go
somewhere, even if it does not neatly fit into whatever you have defined as
your ‘program’ of study.</span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Instead of
programmatic research, I would therefore argue for developing a ‘grand
narrative’: a story (of stories) that ties all the elements of your interests,
activities, and engagements together. A compelling story that tells us
something about who you are, how you look at the world, what makes you wonder,
what surprises you, what you are in awe of. Ideally, this should be a story you
can tell anyone – a friend in a bar as much as an audience of peers at a
scholarly conference, a prospective graduate student as well as your mum. Even
if your projects and publications are seemingly all over the place, they all come
from you – your interests, your curiosity, your heart. Of course, this is a
story that is continually evolving, that changes as you do, that becomes richer
as your life experiences accumulate. The grand narrative is never finished, which
should make it a welcome source of reflection and exploration throughout your
career.</span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">2. Your
Message</span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Submit
your Work where it Matters</span></b></span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Typical
advice on how to be a successful academic boils down to three things: publish
in top-tier journals, present at key international conferences, and secure
prestigious grants (on your own or as part of an international team of
scholars). All of this is easier said than done. It is also not unproblematic: ‘top’
journals are often dominated by a particular group of academics and
universities (more often than not located in the US or UK), are in part considered
‘top’ because of decades of self-citations among a relatively small group of scholars,
and tend not to be overly accommodating regarding non-native English speakers or
any kind of ‘non-traditional’ scholarship. It is encouraging to see a growing critical
awareness about these issues, as many publishers, journal editors and
grant-giving bodies are actively investing in ‘dewesternizing’ the field, while
calls for inclusivity are growing louder and finding support around the world. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">A second
problematic element of the ‘top-tier’ argument is in part a result from a more
globally inclusive and diverse field: the competition to get published, to get
accepted to present, to be awarded research funding grows ever fiercer.
Acceptance rates are dropping, which – somewhat perversely – tends to be
considered as a mark of quality of the journal or conference involved. Many
voices get lost in this equation.</span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">A third problematic
feature of this typical advice is a lack of any awareness about the nature of
our research and where it belongs. How does submitting to particular places
help the people you involved in your research? Only thinking about the people
who participated in our research (as respondents or informants) when it is time
to publish makes our work function as an ‘extraction methodology’, where “the
context, values, and on-the-ground struggles of the people and communities that
provide information and insight to the researcher” get lost (quoting <a href="https://muse.jhu.edu/article/434809" target="_blank">AdamGaudry’s essay on ‘insurgent research’ from 2011</a>). Our responsibility as
researchers is not just to ourselves and our careers, but also (and, I would
argue, more so) </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">toward
the</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">community and participants. </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">This does
not mean you should never submit to whatever is considered the ‘top-tier’ journal,
conference or grant-giving institution in your field. I would just caution to
make that the be-all and end-all of your purpose as a scholar, while I fully recognize
your employer (and the university system as a whole) may require such
submissions from you. My advice is to be sure to supplement this with submitting,
presenting and publishing your work elsewhere, in different ways – primarily motivated
to help people (including non-academic audiences) to find, use, and respond to
your message. </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Concretely,
this for example means to be diligent in maintaining your ORCID and Google
Scholar profile, to be active in self-archiving your work in open access databases.
Universities tend to have their own institutional repositories for this, and
also consider other non-profit ones such as Zenodo, Humanities Commons, and
many others; check <a href="https://www.jisc.ac.uk/opendoar" target="_blank">OpenDOAR</a> (the global directory of academic open access
repositories) for an overview. The ever-popular Academia, ResearchGate, and
Mendeley are options too, but please note that these are commercial platforms. </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Furthermore,
I would encourage to be deliberate and mindful about where you want specific people
to find your work – whether these people are students, peers, experts in your
field, academics in general, non-academics, your parents, your sources,
informants and research participants, the people in places where you would like
to go. Every potential audience congregates in or around a specific venue,
platform, publication, and place. Make sure that is where you and your work can
be easily found, accessed, and used. For me, this for example means that I
submit my work regularly to journals and publishers in parts of the world where
I would love to be in dialogue with (especially in the BRICS countries), I
almost exclusively publish in (and serve on the boards of) open access
journals, regularly write and publish work in Dutch (my native language) and try
to get my work translated into Spanish, Portuguese and other languages, I blog
here and on other platforms (such as Medium), write op-ed pieces for Dutch
newspapers, and so on. </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">3. Your
Self</span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Be like a
Kid in a Candy Store</span></b></span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">How to act
as an academic often gets framed in instrumental terms: to network effectively
at big conferences, to make a name for yourself by (preferably coining and) sticking
to a specific theory, method or concept, by politically aligning with particular
stars in your field. This again seems to some extent to divorce the human being
from the scholar. It somehow makes everything we do political, calculated, and
rational. Sure, we cannot always be completely authentic and ‘ourselves’ – some
of who are and how we move through life is necessarily and inevitably
artificial, superficial, and constructed. To claim or pretend otherwise seems
to be putting an extraordinary amount of pressure on yourself. </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Perhaps
there is a different – or at the very least also another – way of being yourself
as a scholar? One where you act on the basis of your enthusiasm, your sense of
wonder and awe about what you are studying. Networking in this context can be
framed as committing acts of ‘direct collegiality’. This for example means that
when I read something that really moves and inspires me, I often reach out to
the author(s) to thank them, to ask further questions, to inquire about their subsequent
work, or just to connect and share our enthusiasm. This approach, in part also
inspired by one of my PhD students who is committed to make his research known
beyond the Ivory Tower of academia, led me in 2020 to start a combined vlog (<a href="https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=deuzevlog">onYouTube: Deuzevlog</a>) and podcast (<a href="https://anchor.fm/mark-deuze">on Anchor/Spotify</a>) where I informally
interview scholars that I am a fan of. When I got started as a PhD student, I
often asked if I could meet, have tea or coffee with, or interview scholars in
my field – not to ‘network’ or get anything out of them, but just to see and
understand the person behind the work that opened my eyes. I acted just like a
kid in a candy store.</span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Ask
yourself: why did you become a scholar in the first place? What kind of questions
do you keep asking about the world around you? It is my contention, that many, if
not most of the questions we ask in our research are really questions we have
about ourselves. This to a large extent explains our intrinsic motivation to
keep doing what we do, despite the odds (given the competitiveness of higher
education, the lack of funding and support, the precariousness of academic
work, and so on). It is important to be in touch with this feeling, this drive.
To reflect on it, to cherish it – and not to be afraid in showing it, letting
it inform and inspire who you are as a scholar, and to tease it out in the
people around you. </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">This also
plays a role in how to manage and present yourself in social media. Common
advice in this context is to aggressively self-promote online, with multiple
accounts across a variety of platforms all working in sync to push a certain
version of who you are. While I would agree that a social media presence is
important for visibility and raising awareness – as ‘if you build it, they will
come’ only works in the movies, not in our supersaturated media culture – to simply
see social media as a promotional tool seems to be a lack of understanding of
both the medium, and who you are. Social media are platforms of connection, not
distribution centers for messages and content. Online, content is not king –
its connectivity. It is the relationships you cultivate and maintain, the
people you bring into contact with each other through you and your work, the
energy and enthusiasm you have for your work that defines so much of who you
are that you are able to share. </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">If all of
this feels daunting to you, if you are introverted or otherwise reluctant to
engage with social media to talk about yourself – then don’t. A social media
presence for a scholar is not a place to (just) talk about yourself. Neither is
it a platform strictly for self-promotion. It is a place to meet people, to
forge connections, to engage in an exchange, and (importantly) to champion the
work of others. </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">4. Your
Work</span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Being on
Time is Better than being Best</span></b></span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">One thing
my research on media work and the various ways in which media professionals ‘make
it work’ has taught me, is that being the best at something – writing, editing,
directing, whatever – is quite often not enough to be successful, nor does it sufficiently
explain why some succeed, and others do not. Time and time again professionals
tell me (and all other researchers in the field of production studies) that being
able to deliver on time and within budget is the key competence for success in the
media industries. This does not mean you do not have to be good at what you do –
it just suggests that talent and a commitment to the craft only gets you so
far, since that is what most media practitioners have to begin with.</span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Delivering
on deadline and within budget is as much about social skills and emotional literacy,
as it is about practical and technological competences – because almost no one
in creative professions works in splendid isolation. We are all part of larger
social wholes – teams, networks, and peer communities at work – that both
enable and constrain what we do and what can get done. Within those communities
we continually engage in different kinds of emotional labor, regulating and
manipulating our emotions and those of others in order to produce a desired
outcome (which mostly refers to getting a product or service out on time, within
budget). Being skilled in such a context also means managing our own emotions - in part to accomodate (more or less 'difficult') others, as much as dealing with the emotional rollercoaster that scholarly life can be like, with its continuous acceptances and rejections, frustrations and jubilations, its often unclear standards and rewards, its nepotism and exploitation, yet also its camaraderie en strong social support. <br /></span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">This boils
down to equally important advice for being successful as an academic: be nice, stick to
appointments, meet deadlines, and when you are done – help others out. Consider
for example the work of timely and kindly reviewing manuscripts and
proposals, of assisting the editor of the volume your chapter is part of by submitting
on (or better yet: before) deadline, and bring colleagues along as co-authors
and associated investigators for whatever ride you are on.</span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The scholarly
equivalent of staying within budget is, in my experience, not to compete for
resources with colleagues (especially with those within the same academic unit).
Resources are scarce, so secure and stick to your own – or better yet: share
what you have. We’re all in this together. Competing for scarce resources just
reinforces the power others have over the scholarly process and work. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">As a side-note: meetings. Academic life is filled with them. Over the years, I have come to realize that meetings in academia are mostly there as 'recognition machines', that is: highly structured devices that allow participants to share that they have been (or will be) working very hard indeed. This is important, even through it sometimes may feel that meetings are time vampires. It is my policy to only contribute to a meeting if what I have to say is either kind, or constructive. If not, I tend to remain silent. Listening is important, too.<br /></span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">In
conclusion: all of this is about research, which leaves significant aspects of
what it is to be an academic untouched: teaching, service, and community
outreach. That would be the subject of another story altogether….</span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Thanks for
your time and attention, please leave a comment here (or elsewhere online where
this story may be found), as always I look forward to hearing from you.</span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: medium; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span></div>
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{margin-bottom:0cm;}</style></div>Mark Deuzehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00646727527986293107noreply@blogger.com0