EDUONLINE 24

Primitive Data Types in Java

2016-08-06T22:39:00.000-07:00

Primitive Data Types are predefined by the java language and named by a keyword. There are totally eight Primitive Data Types in Java. Based on the data type of a variable, the operating system allocates memory and decides what can be stored in the reserved memory.
Therefore, by assigning different data types to variables, we can store various data types in these variables.
The following table gives the detail information about Primitive Data Types:

Primitive Data Types (Table)

DataType	Default Value	Size	Type
byte	0	1 byte	Integral Value
short	0	2 byte	Integral Value
int	0	4 byte	Integral Value
long	0L	8 byte	Integral Value
float	0.0f	4 byte	Floating Point
double	0.0d	8 byte	Floating Point
char	'\u0000'	2 byte	Character
boolean	false	1 bit	Boolean

Note: \u0000 means 0 in UNICODE (Universal International Standard Character Encoding)

Java Program using Two different Classes in Two Different File

2016-07-31T09:53:00.000-07:00

TestEmployee1.java

public class TestEmployee1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Employee1 alex = new Employee1(); //creating 3 objects "alex, linda and john" of the class Employee1
Employee1 linda= new Employee1();
Employee1 john= new Employee1();

alex.salary = 10000; // assigning salary to the object "alex"
alex.bonus = 2000;

linda.salary = 12000;
linda.bonus =1000;

john.salary = 8000;
john.bonus = 3000;

alex.calculateTotalPay(); //here calculateTotalPay() is a method defined in Employee1 class
linda.calculateTotalPay(); // we r invoking that method
john.calculateTotalPay(); //will print total pay of john

}
}

Employee1.java

public class Employee1 {
double salary;
double bonus;

void calculateTotalPay() {
double totalPay = salary + bonus;
System.out.println("Total Pay = " +totalPay); //concatenation used to get totalPay
}
}

Output:
C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.065\bin>javac Employee1.java
C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.065\bin>javac TestEmployee1.java
C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.065\bin>java TestEmployee1

Total Pay = 12000.0
Total Pay = 13000.0
Total Pay = 11000.0

Simple Java Programs with Output

2016-07-31T01:46:00.001-07:00

This post contains a list of basic java programs for beginners. These programs will provide you a good understanding of the basics that how java programs work. All coding written below is well tested. Before you start executing these codes you must need these things to be done first:

install the JDK ( Java Development Kit )
set path of the jdk/bin directory

You also need to remember that in Java the filename should be same as your class name.

List Of Programs:

Even Or Odd Numbers Checking (with user input)
Printing Week Days (Using For Loop)
List Of Even Numbers (1 to any (both inclusive))
Multiplication Table (By User Input)
Printing Text ( Hello World )
Rectangle Measurement (Squares Included)

1. Even Or Odd Numbers Checking (with user input)

import java.util.Scanner;

class OddOrEven
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
int x;
System.out.println("Enter an integer ");
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); //To ask input from user
x = in.nextInt();

// remainder after dividing x by2
if ( x % 2 == 0 )
System.out.println("You entered " + "'" + x + "'" + " which is an even number.");
else
System.out.println("You entered " + "'" + x + "'" + " which is an odd number.");
}

}

Outputs:

Enter an integer 2

You entered 2 which is an even number

Enter an integer 2

You entered 2 which is an even number

2. Printing Week Days (Using For Loop)

import java.text.DateFormatSymbols;
public class PrintWeekDays {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] weekdays = new DateFormatSymbols().getWeekdays();
// to Get day names

for(String s: weekdays){
System.out.println(s);
} } }

Output:

Sunday

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday

3. List Of Even Numbers (1 to any (both inclusive))

find and list even numbers between 1 and any given number.

public class ListEvenNumbers {

public static void main(String[] args) {

//define limit

int limit = 10;

System.out.println("Printing Even numbers between 1 and " + limit);

for(int i=1; i <= limit; i++){

// if the number is divisible by 2 then it is even

if( i % 2 == 0){

System.out.print(i + " ");

}

Output:

Printing Even Numbers between 1 and 10
2 4 6 8 10

4. Multiplication Table (By User Input)

import java.util.Scanner;

class MultiplicationTable

{

public static void main(String args[])

{

int n, c;

System.out.println("Enter an integer to print it's multiplication table:");

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

n = in.nextInt();

System.out.println("Multiplication table of "+n+" is :-");

for ( c = 1 ; c <= 10 ; c++ )

System.out.println(n+"*"+c+" = "+(n*c));

}

Output:

Enter an integer to print it's multiplication table:

Multiplication table of 2 is :-

2*1 = 2

2*2 = 4

2*3 = 6

2*4 = 8

2*5 = 10

2*6 = 12

2*7 = 14

2*8 = 16

2*9 = 18

2*10 = 20

5. Printing Text ( Hello World )

public class MyFirstJavaProgram {

/* This is my first java program.

* This will print 'Hello World' as the output

public static void main(String []args) {

System.out.println("Hello World"); // prints Hello World

}

Output:

Hello World

6. Rectangle Measurement (Squares Included)

import java.util.Scanner;

class RectDemo

{

public static void main(String args[])

{

Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);//This is necessary for inputs

System.out.print("Enter the length of Rectangle: ");

double length = sc.nextDouble(); //Takes the user input as length

System.out.print("Enter the breadth of Rectangle: ");

double breadth = sc.nextDouble();

if(length==breadth){

double area = length * breadth;

System.out.println("The area of Square is: " + area);

double perimeter= 2 * (length + breadth);

System.out.println( "The perimeter of the Square is:"+perimeter) ;

}else{

double area = length * breadth;

System.out.println("The area of Rectangle is: " + area);

double perimeter= 2 * (length + breadth);

System.out.println( "The perimeter of the rectangle is:"+perimeter) ;

}

Output:

Enter the length of Rectangle: 2
Enter the breadth of Rectangle: 3
The area of Rectangle is: 6.0
The perimeter of Rectangle is:10.0

Non‐Recognised Boards/Universities In India By NIOS

2015-12-16T22:04:00.000-08:00

Here is a list of school/university boards which are not recognised by NIOS (National Institute of Open Schooling). Since NIOS is a government board and also one of the world's biggest open schooling board. So one should be remembring this while going for admissions in schools. Its always recommended to verify the board before taking admissions. And if you want to be on a safer side then always go for national boards like CBSE, ICSE, etc.

Sr. No.	Board/University Name	Address
1	Central Board of Higher Education	Aspati Bhawan, Uttam Nagar, New Delhi.
2	All India Board of Secondary Education	Gazipur
3	Central Board of Higher Education	East Patel Nagar, New Delhi.
4	Board of Adult Education and Training	Brahmpuri, Nagal Rai, New Delhi.
5	Gurukul Vishwavidyalaya	Vrindavan
6	Akhil Bhartiya Shiksha Sansthan	New Delhi.
7	ACN International University	Raipur
8	Doon International University	Raipur
9	Board of Higher Secondary Education	Delhi
10	Indian Council of Secondary Education	India
11	All India Board for Education Training	Delhi
12	All India Board for Secondary Education	Delhi
13	Board of Adult Education & Tarining	Delhi
14	Central Board of Higher Education	Delhi
15	Jamia Urdu	Aligarh
16	Gurukul Vishvavidyalaya Vrindaban	Mathura
17	Council of Secondary Education	Mohali
18	Mahashakti Sanskrit Vidyapeeth	Delhi
19	Council for the Indian Certificate Examination	Delhi
20	Bhartiya Shiksha Parishad	Lucknow
21	Board of Secondary Sanskrit Education	Lucknow
22	Hindi Sahitya Sammelan	Allahabad
23	Mumbai Hindi Vidyapeeth	Mumbai
24	The Central Board of Higher Education	New delhi
25	Dr. Ramgopalacharya Sanskrit Mahavidalaya	Etah, U.P.
26	Board of Secondary Education Madhya Bharat	Gwalior
27	Council of Secondary Education Board	Mohali
28	Mahatma Gandhi Secondary and Senior Secondary Education Board	Delhi
29	Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Open Education	West Bengal
30	Board of Youth Education	India
31	The Council of Basic and Technical Education	Ludhiana
32	Shiksha Parishad Madhyamic	Gwalior
33	Central Board of Education	Ajmer
34	Council of Higher Secondary Education	Delhi
35	Board of Secondary Education Madhya Bharat	Gwalior
36	Delhi Board of Senior Secondary Education	Delhi
37	Board of Technical and Secondary Education	Delhi
38	Board of Youth Education in India
39	Mahatma Gandhi Secondary and Senior Secondary Education Board	Delhi
40	Council of Higher Secondary Education	Delhi
41	Indian Council Open School Certificate Examination	Maharashtra
42	Mahakoshal Board of Secondary Education	Jabalpur
43	National Board of Higher Secondary Education	Delhi
44	Board of Higher Secondary Open Education	Delhi
45	Board of School and Technical Education	Chhatisgarh
46	Board of Senior Secondary Education
47	Delhi Board of Senior Secondary Education

Source: nios

Chemical Reactions (Ch 1)

2015-11-27T05:28:00.000-08:00

Important Terms
Important Questions solved (CBSE)

Important Terms

Chemical reaction

Reactants reacts to form products

Chemical equation

A chemical equation represents a chemical reaction with their respective chemical formulas.

Skeletal Chemical Equation

A simple chemical equation which represents symbols of compounds or elements of reactants and products taking part in a chemical reaction

Balanced Chemical Equation

A Balanced Chemical Equation is the one in which the total number of atoms of each elements of the reactants is equal to the total number of atoms of reacted products

Representation of symbols of various physical states

Solids (s)
Liquid (l)
Gases (g)
Aqueous (aq) {NOTE: Aqueous is not same as liquid}

Writing Chemical Equations

1. In a chemical reaction, the reactants are written on the left hand side and the products on the right hand side of the equation.

2. An arrow (→) pointing towards the products is inserted between the reactants and the products. It also represents the direction of the reaction.

3. A single arrow (→) indicates the direction in which the reaction proceeds.

4. A double arrow ( ) indicates a reversible reaction, i.e. the products recombine to form the reactants.

5. A plus sign (+) is inserted between two or more reactants or products formed.

6. If reactions are carried out under specific conditions of temperature, pressure, catalyst etc., then these conditions are mentioned on the arrow.

7. The chemical equation can be made more informative by mentioning the physical states of the reactants and products.

8. If gas is liberated as a product then it is represented by an arrow pointing upwards (↑). If the product formed is in the form of a precipitate, it is represented by an arrow pointing downwards (↓). Balancing the Chemical Equations

9. In a balanced chemical equation, the total number of atoms of each element of the reactants on the left hand side of the equation is equal to the number of atoms of the products formed on the right hand side of the equation.

10. The total mass of the reactants is equal to the total mass of the products or the number of atoms of each element before the reaction and after the reaction is equal.

Types Of Reaction

Combination Reaction
When two or more substances combine to form a single product, the reaction is known as a combination
reaction.
For example:
In the laboratory, iron sulphide is prepared by mixing iron and sulphur.
Fe(s) + S(s)  FeS(s)
⇒ Endothermic Reaction: The reactions accompanied by the absorption of heat are called
endothermic reactions.
⇒ Exothermic Reaction:
The reactions accompanied by the evolution of heat are called endothermic
reactions.

Decomposition Reaction
A chemical reaction in which a single compound splits into two or more simple substances is called a
decomposition reaction.
For example:
When mercuric oxide is heated in a crucible, the orange-red powder begins to darken and a silver mirror
begins to deposit on the cooler parts of the crucible.
2HgO(s) → 2Hg(s) + O2 ↑
Mercuric oxide Mercury Oxygen

Displacement Reaction
Reactions in which the more reactive element displaces the less reactive element from its compound are called displacement reactions.
For example:
Zinc displaces copper in copper sulphate to form zinc sulphate.
Zn(s) + CuSO4 (aq) → ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu(s)
Zinc Copper sulphate Zinc sulphate Copper

Double Displacement Reaction
Reactions in which ions of the reactants exchange places to form two new compounds, are called double displacement reactions.
For example:
Sodium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid to form sodium chloride and water.
NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

Redox Reaction
The chemical reaction in which oxidation and reduction takes place simultaneously is known as a redox reaction.

Oxidation Reactions
Reactions which involve the addition of oxygen or the removal of hydrogen are called oxidation reactions.
For example:
C(s) + 2H2 (g)  CH4 (g)

Reduction Reactions
Chemical reactions in which the reactants gain hydrogen are reduction reactions.
For example:
Fe2O3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO2↑
Ferric oxide Carbon monoxide Iron Carbon dioxide

Corrosion
The slow process of decay and destruction of metals due to the action of air, moisture or acids is called corrosion.
For example:
Iron combines with oxygen present in the air, in the presence of water, to form a red-brown flaky
substance called rust. This process is commonly called the rusting of iron.
The chemical formula of rust is Fe2O3. x H2O.

Prevention of Corrosion

Corrosion damages buildings, bridges, ships, automobiles and other articles made of iron. Hence,
prevention of corrosion is necessary. This will not only save money but can also prevent the
occurrence of accidents.

It can be prevented by processes like galvanising and electroplating with other metals.

Rancidity
Oils and fats react with oxygen and get oxidised or turn rancid. This process is called rancidity.
Rancidity can be prevented by keeping food in air tight containers or by using antioxidants.
Antioxidants are used to prevent oxidation of food containing fats and oils.
Storage of food in air tight containers also decelerates oxidation.

Important Questions (CBSE)

Important questions will be published here soon.

Which Stream To Choose After 10th In 2015 | Science, Commerce, Arts or any Other?

2015-01-01T03:04:00.000-08:00

Note:
Students are breaking the rule nowadays and also going for some diploma courses. These courses are proved to be job guaranteed and are packed with handsome salary. On the other hand, the unemployment of number of graduates and post grads is huge.

10th standard is the starting and the most crucial point in the life of a student. After 10th a student’s life goes for a big change. It is now that he takes up subjects of his choice and puts focused efforts for better career prospects in future. This is a time when most of the students get confused too much and takes a decision which he starts to dislike later. Students often find it difficult to decide which path they should choose and go. The question which stands in front of students are:

What actually a Stream is?
Which stream should I choose after 10th?
Do I need to take competitive coaching After 10th ? Is this the right time or its little bit earlier?
Should I take state board or CBSE board or ICSE after 10th?
Is Private Schools are better or should I go for government school?
Should I go for diploma or other courses or complete schooling After 10th?

Choosing a career in a particular stream or profession right at this point of time has a long lasting impact on a student's future. It is very important for any student to choose carefully from various options available to him/her in which he/she is interested. In order to achieve success, one has to select the path which they like to walk on. Good judgment and right kind of aptitude when coupled with guidance in the right direction to pick up a definite stream helps one in choosing the right career option.

So from the very beginning a student should be careful in making choice of their stream.
As soon as a student reaches 10th standard, some kind of pressure of choosing a career path linger in their mind. Because by then they are at the edge of completing their school life and it is peak time to choose ones career path than ever before.

Most people can say that 10th boards are not as important as 12th (Intermediate) in the career's point of view. But they're absolutely wrong. It can be easily seen that from the last couple of years, there are companies coming at school from both Private Sectors and from Government as well for Career Counseling.

Career Counseling helps a student to know the job opportunities, possible Income and the possibilities in different type of jobs.

In India, there are a few main streams which are available for a student to choose from. We are not considering here various vocational courses which are designed to provide early employment options to various students.

Once a child pass Class 10th, there are 3 options in the form of streams in front of him/her. They are as follow :-

Science Stream

Commerce Stream

Arts Stream

THE BEST TIME TO DECIDE AN CAREER OPTION

The best time to explore career options is the time when one completes his or her high school days. In India, the board examination is the most important time for a student. It is the juncture of taking a right decision on what to choose from the available options.

Commerce Stream

This is the most popular stream among students of today's generation. Commerce stream can be illustrated as study of trade and business. The stream has been increasingly chosen by large chunk of students after completion of Class 10th standard due its attractiveness in terms of finding early employment and also beginning of entrepreneurship.
In the present time, most of the students have a cherished longing to read in this stream, because they feel this stream provides ample arena of career options to pursue after 12th standard. But in order to make a successful career in Commerce stream one needs to have certain knack in this field of study such as good amount of liking towards numbers and arithmetic.
The Commerce stream after completion of Class 10 is quite a popular one in India, as most students feel that the stream offers them a wide arena of career options to pursue after class 12, that would bring them both success as well as financial security easily.
While pursuing a course in the field of commerce, one acquires the knowledge of business or trade, nature and fluctuations in market, basics of economics, fiscal policies, industrial policies etc.
The concept of commerce consists of a wide range of interdisciplinary branches including Accountancy, Business Administration, E-Commerce, Finance, Economics and Marketing. Since the Indian economy is one of the fastest growing economies among the third world countries, the need for talented professionals, who can contribute towards the growth of the economy, is increasing.

For any queries students can call Class X Helpline at 011-40360360

The major subjects that are covered under the Commerce stream are:

Accountancy
Economics
Business Studies
Economics
Mathematics
Informatics Practices
English

Career in commerce are like

BBA
B.Com
CA
Management
Civil services examinations like IAS,IPS,IES
Bank exams, etc.

Science Stream

Science stream offers very respective and highest career options to students after 12th standard. It opens up the career options majorly in Engineering and Medical sciences.
The main subjects that are offered in the Science stream are Physics, Chemistry, Biology, English, Mathematics, Biotechnology, and Computer Science.

For anyone who wants to study Engineering has to study Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics and those who want to study Medical sciences has to choose Biology as a main subject. A student has to take at least six subjects including English.

Career in sciences are like

Geology
Meteorology
Oceanography
Biological Scientists and Biotechnology
Genetic Scientists
Biochemistry
biotechnology
Anthropology
Food Technology
Horticulture
Forestry

Medical

Environmental Science

Oceanography

Biological Scientists and Biotechnology,etc.

Arts/Humanities Stream

Deals with a very wide range of courses such as History, Geography, Political Science, Psychology, Sociology, languages, Anthropology, Human Resources, journalism etc.
The major subjects that are covered under the Arts stream are:

Geography
Political Science
Psychology
Sociology
English
Sanskrit
History

Career in Arts

designers
fashion technology
textile designers
accessory,jewelry,interior and exterior designers,
fine arts
cartoonist
photography
print journalism
mass communication
film making
advertising
public relations

You have to decide which streams better for you and what are your skills, so first of all select that what you have to do in future and according to them select your stream

MATHEMATICS :

It is the largest stream generally selected by more number of students.
It provides you with various career options.
If you want to become an engineer then you can easily take up this stream and achieve your goal.
If you are interested in pure mathematics then you can go for b.s.c mathematics and pursue your career.

SCIENCE :

Science includes physics,chemistry,biology.
Physics and Chemistry are common subjects for both mathematics and biology.
Biology is the life science subject it also provides you with lot of career options.
If you desire to become a doctor then definitely it is the best stream.
It also provides you with many career opportunities in science field like pharmacy,agricultural science e.t.c.

COMMERCE :

Now-a-days it has got a good demand in the field of education.
If you take up commerce the main option is you can go for charted accountancy which is the best career option.
Other than CA you can also go for BBA also.
These were the main streams now you should decide in which stream are you more interested.

Role of a Student

The role of a student in choosing a career path is very important as it is him or her who has to continue their journey in their chosen path. Though there are no definite tools which can accurately determine what career one should choose yet a few simple steps can help one to make a decision in the right direction.

The interest should be evaluated with skills necessary to pursue them in the longer term. A detailed strength-weakness analysis can complement to sort out the top rated career options. There should be enough aptitude to make a successful career.
One should explore or test the chosen option. One should act in the best possible practical way to find out what really excites him or her
Attending career guidance seminars, educational fairs etc can also help a student in knowing the latest development in the outside world apart from the bookish knowledge. Once a student zeros on a particular option they should focus towards their destination with strong fortitude and utmost dedication. They should have a persistent focus towards his or her goal and can seek the help of their teachers, parents and elders.
The role of a student in choosing a career path is very important as it is him or her who has to continue their journey in their chosen path. Though there are no definite tools which can accurately determine what career one should choose yet a few simple steps can help one to make a decision in the right direction.
One should jolt down the subjects of interests. The interest should be evaluated with skills necessary to pursue them in the longer term. A detailed strength-weakness analysis can complement to sort out the top rated career options. There should be enough aptitude to make a successful career
One should consider external factors such as personal responsibilities and their priorities, financial strength to pursue the option and flexibilities in changing the path if in times of uncertainties one can change the career option with minimum obstacles.

Role of parents in choosing right career path for their children

Parents have a vital role in building a bright career for their children. Parents should facilitate in exploration of the right career option for their children. However, they should not insist their children to pursue a career of their choice. They can help their children by giving advises of successful people and their career growth and supportive instructions
But they should be unprejudiced to allow their offspring to follow their own dream. If parents try to compel their children to select a stream according to their choice on which their children may not have interest, the result may sometimes be disastrous. So students should always be given preference for their choice and at the same time it should be complemented by advises of the parents. Valuable advises and good wishes of parents help children to forward their step in new path of life.

Agencies responsible in choosing the right career options for a student

Due to existence of variety of options coupled with cut throat competition in the professional filed makes one confused as to what to pick up as career options. There are mainly three agencies which are largely responsible for a student’s choosing a career path. These are namely the student himself, parents, teachers and career counselors. Among all parents play the most vital role as they understand the real strength of their children and hence can guide suitably.

Subjects which are offered in Commerce stream

There are many degree and diploma courses which encompasses the Commerce stream. Some of the key subjects which are taught in the commerce stream are as below:

Economics
Accountancy
Business studies and business law

Some of the popular graduate courses offered through the commerce stream are B.Com, BBA, BMS, BBM, CFA, CA, ICWA, CFP etc. Mostly major commerce colleges offer subjects such as Business economics, financial accounting, Business communication, Marketing, Business law, Business finance, Auditing, Cost accounting, Income tax from which students has to choose their subject of interest. A student has to take total six subjects along with English and one additional subject.

Some important tests for Commerce pursuer after passing 10th standard examination

There are some competitive examinations which can be appeared by a student after passing 10th examination which are mentioned below.

C.S Foundation course

C.A Foundation course

ICWA Foundation course

Business Studies

Bright career option for a Commerce stream pursuers

There is a sea of options in Commerce stream to make a bright career. If a student likes to choose the most widely chosen option, he/she can pursue Bachelor of commerce degree (B. Com) with specialization in any one subject. After completion of graduation one can opt for post graduation (M. com). One can also opt for Ph.D degree on their respective subject which can help in getting a respectable profession such as teaching, research scholar and also in the banking sector.
There are other professional courses which are highly favored in the current day situation. Some of them are as follows:

Chartered accountancy (CA) is one of the most popular choices of a student. The main duty of a chartered accountant is auditing company’s books, stock brokers and income tax assesses. A student who has avid desire to become a chartered accountant should try to join a CA course either after the 10+2 board examination by registering for the Professional Education (PE)-I course (a 10-month course) or after graduating (with the specified percentage) by registering for the PE II course (also 10-months long).

Mater of Business Administration (MBA)is another popular choice among the students. Through the course Students learn how to manage a business professionally and can opt for a degree or diploma in management. The duration of a regular MBA course is 2 years and an Executive MBA course is of 1 year. One can complete their MBA through correspondence also.

Chartered financial analyst (CFA) is another exiting course for Commerce pursuer students. The chief responsibility of a chartered financial analyst is to manage in the areas of financial accounting, management accounting, financial management, investment management, security evaluation, project planning, venture capital management and credit rating. The duration of the course is 3-years after post graduation degree.

Company secretary (CS) is other interesting career which a person has certain liability for ensuring the company meets its statutory obligations. Student can apply for a company secretary course after passing (10+2) examination.

Cost accountant course can take a student who passes the Senior Secondary Examination (under the 10+2 scheme) of a recognized board.

Commerce stream is very useful to one’s career prospects as it encompasses financial markets, economics to the latest management practices. Studying commerce can provide the proficiency and knowledge to even starting one’s own venture.

Career options for a Science stream pursuer

Students opting for Engineering and Medical streams have to qualify entrance examinations conducted by recognized bodies. A few well known entrance test for students opting for the top notch engineering colleges and IITs are AIEEE and ITT-JEE. For others, who opt for Medical / Medicine stream has to qualify entrance exams like NEET ( National Eligibility cum Entrance Test ), AIPMT ( All India Pre Medical Test ), AIIMS ( All India Institute of Medical Sciences ), AFMC ( Armed Forces Medical College ), JIPMER ( Jawaharlal Nehru Post Medical Education and Research ) etc. Before enrollment to the course a s tudent must be comprehensible why he wants to pursue that career, how he will be successful in that career, find out the institutes of related courses, try to gather knowledge about the career options and last test his/her aptitude to appear in the Entrance Exams.

A student can pursue Bachelor of Science degree (B.Sc) taking any science subject as the major subject. Numerous colleges offer specialization in major subjects like as Chemistry, Mathematics, Zoology, Botany, Geology, Physics etc. One can go further and opt for Masters degree (M.Sc) also in their selected subjects after completion of graduation. For further education a student can do Ph.D degree on their particular subjects. Some alluring job option after doing B. Sc or M.Sc are teaching in schools and colleges, Professors (college/university), Scientist, Geologist, Chemists, Mathematician, physicists etc. A science graduate also can apply for UPSC exams, IAS, Banking, insurance exams and gets good jobs
Various courses available for students opting for Medical Sciences are MBBS, BDS, BVS, B. Pharm, D Pharm and Nursing. M.B.B.S (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery) offers courses on Human anatomy. The duration of the course is approximately 5 ½ years which includes one year of internship. Students can opt for Post Graduate specialization in different subjects such as Cardiology, Anesthesiology, Surgery, Dermatology, ENT, Gynecology, Neuro Sciences, Opthamology, Orthopedics and Paediatrics.
B.D.S (Bachelor in Dental Sciences) offers courses in Dental Surgery and duration of the course is 5 years with Internship. After completion of B.D.S one can do the Post Graduation (P.G) in Dental Sciences.
B.V.S (Bachelor in Veterinary Sciences) encompasses courses of the Animal disease, prevention and surgery cases. This course takes 4 1/2 years time with a practical Internship. One can do P.G studies in different specializations after completion of B. V. S course.
Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm) is also an attractive career prospect one can pursue. It takes is 4 years to complete the course. After completion of the course one can start alluring career in departments such as Drugs Research or Production in various Pharmaceutical Industries. If anyone yearns to do Post Graduation (M.Pharmacy) they can chose specialization in subjects such as
a. Pharmacology
b. Pharmaceutics
c. Pharmaceutical Analysis
d. Pharmaceutical Chemistry
e. Pharm D

Diploma course in Pharmacy (D.Pharmacy) offers a 2 years duration course after which one can start practicing as a Pharmacist in various Medicinal Institutions. One can also opt for further studies such as B.Pharmacy and later M.Pharmacy.
Bachelor in Nursing (B.Sc Nursing) is a 4 year course which covers topics such as healthcare, medicine dispensing and caring of ailing patients.
There are various other courses which students can choose which are indirectly related to Medical / Medicine courses. These are Biotechnology, Bioinformatics, and Bachelor in Physiotherapy, Bachelor in Homeopathic Medicinal Sciences, Bachelor in Homeopathic Medicinal Sciences and Bachelor in Ayurveda Medicinal Sciences.

Biotechnology describes is a series of enabling technologies involving manipulation of living organisms or their sub cellular components to provide useful products, processes or services for the betterment of mankind. This is 4 year course.
Bioinformatics is a relatively new concept which is related to storage, retrieval and analysis of biological data for drug discovery and drug design. It integrates information technology for processing biological information such as nucleic acid (DNA/RNA), protein sequence and structure. The duration of the course is 4 years or else can also go for B.Sc Bioinformatics where the course duration is 3 years.

B.P.T (Bachelor in Physiotherapy basically studies how to restore the functioning of the body which is affected by due to illness like paralysis, injury, shock. The basic duration of the course is 3 years.
B.H.M.S ( Bachelor in Homeopathic Medicinal Sciences offers courses how to increase the self healing power of our body by using medicine which are derived from natural and herbal sources. The duration of the course is 5 1/2 year.

B.A.M.S (Bachelor in Ayurveda Medicinal Sciences) covers courses how to restore the balance of our body without side effects. Main focus of the courses are to regain balance of liver disorders, rheumatic and chronic conditions. The duration of the course is only 3 years.

Engineering as a career option

Engineering has a wide arena of career option. If anyone has an avid desire to pursue his/her career in engineering then they have to pass out 10+2 exam with Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics and with minimum qualifying marks. There are numerous government and non-government institutes in India which offers courses in various branches of Engineering. Among various colleges, Indian Institute of Technologies (IITs) are the most favored ones among the prospective students. The seven IITs are viz, Bombay, Delhi, Guwahati, Kanpur, Kharagpur, Madras and Roorkee. Apart from these there are 20 National Institute of Technologies (NITs), couple of IIITs and several private institutes in India which are able to offer a grand platform for making a good career.
Different branches of engineering which boasts great potential for a blooming career in the engineering field are Agricultural Engineering, Aeronautical Engineering, Architecture, Automobile Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Biotechnology, Ceramic Technology, Chemical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Computer Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Electronics Engineering, Genetic Engineering, Industrial & Production Engineering, Instrumentation Engineering, Marine Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Metallurgical Engineering, Mining Engineering, Petroleum Engineering, Plastic Technology, Polymer Engineering, Rubber Technology, Space Technology, Textile Industry etc.

Career options for Arts stream students

After passing the higher secondary level examination a student can pursue Bachelor of Arts degree (BA) taking a special subject as the major subject. Arts stream has a wide variety of subjects which can offer exciting opportunities. Selection of Arts stream after 10th examination enables to pave the way for choosing some other gripping careers.
This stream offers subject History, Geography, Political Science, Psychology, Sociology, English, Hindi and Sanskrit for the higher secondary level. But one has to opt for four compulsory subjects in addition to English and a Modern Indian Language.
If anyone has avid interest to pursue career in mass media, journalism, literature, sociology, social service, human psychology, politics, economics and history then they must be choose Arts stream after passing 10th examination.
Some important major subjects which are offered by various colleges are history, languages, literature, law, philosophy, religion, performing arts, anthropology, communication, sociology, psychology and many more. After getting the graduation degree a student can do masters degree (MA) in their selected subjects. For further high qualification one can opt for Ph. D degree in their respective subject. I have given some of the attractive career option for Arts stream pursuer. These are as Psychologist, Counselor, Economist, Market analyst, Sociologist, Social Worker, Historian, Anthropologist, Human Resources, Personal Executive, Writer/journalist/Editor, lawyer, Media Personnel, School Teacher/College Professor/university Professor etc.
Apart from these an Arts graduate student can apply for UPSC exams, IAS, Banking, insurance exams and gets good jobs.

Hope these details was helpful to you. Keep visiting for more updates.
Choosing a career in a particular stream or profession right at the beginning has a long lasting impact on a student’s future. It is very important for any student to choose carefully from various options available to him or her vis a vis his or her interest. In order to achieve success, one has to select the path which they like to walk on. Good judgment and right kind of aptitude coupled with guidance in the right direction to pick up a definite stream helps one in choosing the right career option. So from the very beginning a student should be careful in making choice of their stream. As soon as a student reaches 10th standard, some kind of pressure of choosing a career path linger in their mind. Because by then they are at the edge of completing their school life and it is peak time to choose ones career path than ever before. Like This Post | Then also like our FB FanPage and Get Latest Education Updates

CBSE 10th Improvement Exam Rules and Regulation (EIOP) 2014-2015

2015-01-01T01:32:00.000-08:00

Improvement of Performance (IOP)

Update
With an objective to provide a chance to students who could not score up to their expectations or having compartment in the Class 10 board examination, the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) is all set to hold an Improvement of Performance Examination from July 16-23.

The results of the Class 10 board were declared by the CBSE on May 30.

EIOP stands for Eligible for Improvement Of Performance.
The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has discontinued the practice of declaring ‘Compartment’or ‘Fail’. Further, it has also been informed that candidates who have obtained Grade ‘E1′ or ‘E2′ are required to improve their performance in one attempt.

Eligibility for CBSE 10th Improvement

A candidate obtaining Grades E1 or E2 in any or all the five subjects(excluding 6th additional subject as per the scheme of studies) under Scholastic Area A at the examination jointly conducted by the Board and School shall be eligible for improvement of performance in any or all the five subjects.
Candidates not having registered for subsequent attempts will not be allowed to appear at the examination. Regular and Patrachar Vidyalaya candidates should send their applications though school/Patrachar Vidyalaya and private candidates direct to the Board as per the schedule notified on Board’s website for the examination to be held in July on the prescribed from along with the requisite fee. In case a candidate appears without registration his/her examination will be cancelled. Those candidates who have obtained grade E1 or E2 in the subject shall have to improve their performance through an examination to be held only in July the same year.

Procedure and Rules:

(i) (a) A candidate who has appeared for the Secondary School Examination and obtained Grades E1 or E2 in any or all the five subjects(excluding the 6th additional subject) under Scholastic Area A, as per the Scheme of Studies, shall be eligible for improving his/her performance in any or all the five subjects and may reappear at the Improvement of Performance examination to be conducted by the Board for all such candidates to be held only in July the same year. The candidate will be issued Statement of Subject wise Performance/Certificate of School Based Assessment/Grade Sheet cum Certificate of Performance provided she/he obtains minimum Grade D in at least five subjects (excluding the 6th additional subject) as per the Scheme of Studies and grades in the subjects under Scholastic Area B and Co- scholastic Areas.

(b) A candidate who has appeared for the Secondary School Examination conducted by the Senior Secondary School affiliated to the Board and obtained Grades E1 or E2 in any or all the five subjects under Scholastic Area A(excluding the 6th additional subject) as per the Scheme of Studies shall be eligible for improving his/her performance in any or all the five subjects and may reappear at the only attempt, at the examination conducted by the Senior School affiliated to the Board. The candidate will be issued Statement of Subject wise Performance/Certificate of School-Based Assessment provided he/she obtains minimum Grade D in at least five subjects(excluding the 6th additional subject) as per the Scheme of Studies and grades in the subjects under Scholastic Area B and co- scholastic areas.

(c)
(i) A candidate who has appeared for the Secondary School Examination conducted by Senior Secondary School affiliated to the Board and obtained grades E1 or E2 in any or all the five subjects (excluding the 6th additional subject) under Scholastic Area A, as per the Scheme of Studies, shall be eligible for improving his performance and may reappear at the 1 st chance Improvement of Performance examination to be conducted by the school to be held by July the same year. Candidates appearing for School Based Summative Assessment II shall , however, appear for their subsequent second, third, fourth and fifth chances of Improvement of Performance at the examination to be conducted by the Board. The candidate(s) will be issued Certificate of Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation indicating the grades obtained in the subjects under Scholastic Area A and grades in the subjects under Scholastic Area B and Co-scholastic Areas.

(ii) At the Secondary School Examination, a candidate who does not obtain minimum Grade D in the five subjects. (excluding the 6th additional subject) under Scholastic Area A at one or all the chances of Improvement of Performance shall be treated to have not qualified the examination and shall be required to reappear in all the subjects at the examination to be held in March of the subsequent year, in order to qualify the examination. The syllabus and courses shall be as laid down for Summative Assessment II for the year of examination concerned. The candidates’ grades obtained in all the Formative Assessments and Summative Assessments at the main examination shall be carried over till all the chances of Improvement of Performance.

(iii) A candidate who fails to obtain minimum grade D in the five subjects(excluding 6th additional subject) under Scholastic Area A at the Secondary School Examination conducted by the Board shall be provisionally admitted to Class XI till he takes in subsequent first chance Improvement of Performance to be held in that year. His admission shall be treated as cancelled if he fails to obtain minimum Grade D in the five subjects(excluding the 6th additional subject) under Scholastic Area A at the first chance Improvement of Performance.
A candidate who fails to obtain minimum grade D in the five subjects(excluding 6th additional subject) under Scholastic Area A at the Secondary School Examination conducted by the Senior Secondary School affiliated to the Board shall be provisionally admitted to Class XI till he takes in the Improvement of Performance examination to be held in that year. His/her admission shall be treated as cancelled if he/she fails to obtain minimum Grade D in the five subjects(excluding the 6th additional subject) under Scholastic Area A.

Eligibility for Improvement of Performance in Secondary Exams

A candidate obtaining Grade E1 or E2 in any or all the five subjects (excluding 6th additional subject as per the scheme of studies) shall be eligible for improvement of performance in any or all the five subjects through subsequent five attempts.
Candidates not having registered for subsequent attempts will not be allowed to appear at the examination. Regular and Patrachar Vidyalaya candidates should send their applications though school/Patrachar Vidyalaya and private candidates direct to the Board as per the schedule notified on Board’s website for the examination to be held in July on the prescribed from along with the requisite fee. In case a candidate appears without registration his /her examination will be cancelled.

Result Date

The results will be announced in the month of May at CBSE

FAQ's About CBSE Improvement 2014-2015

2015-01-01T01:01:00.000-08:00

Before starting this CBSE FAQ's section i suggest you to also consider CBSE Improvement Rules and Regulation 2015 or CBSE Improvement Admit Card, which are related to this post.

#1.Is improvement exam mark sheet is valid in all states?
Ans. Yes, The mark-sheet will be valid in all states of India but keep one thing in mind you have to choose the all India type i.e. AISSCE.

#2.How many times can a candidate appear for Improvement examination?
Ans. For improvement examination only one chance in the succeeding year is permitted.

#3.Is a student required to appear in all subjects in improvement examination?

Ans.No, the student can appear in one or more than one subject(s) as per his/her choice. However, improvement exam. can be taken only in the successive year of passing Class XII exams.

#4.Can a candidate simultaneously appear for Improvement as well as Additional subject examination?
Ans. No, a candidate appearing for Improvement in one or more subjects cannot appear for additional subject examination simultaneously.

#5.I wish to improve my performance in Chemistry and Maths in class XII. Is it possible and how?
Ans. A candidate who has passed Class XII examination of the Board may reappear for improvement of performance in one or more subjects in the main examination in the succeeding year only. The candidate may appear privately; those re-appearing for whole examination can also appear as regular candidate if admitted by the school.

#6.What is the eligibility criteria for a student to appear as a private candidate in Board examination?
Ans. The Board prescribes following conditions under which a candidate can appear privately: -

Failed candidates
Teachers serving in educational institutions
Women candidates who are bonafide residents of NCT of Delhi and
Physically handicapped students

#7.Is it possible for a student who has failed in Science stream in Class XII to change subjects to pass at subsequent examination?
Ans. Yes, but with prior permission of the Board.

#8.I appeared in the compartment examination in July-August, but failed again, do I now have to re-appear in all subjects again?
Ans. The Board gives three chances to clear the compartment examination. The first examination is held in July-August followed by second chance in March-April and the third chance in July-August. Unsuccessful candidates after these three attempts are required to appear afresh in all subjects there on.

#9.I wish to improve my performance in Chemistry and Maths. Is it possible and how?
Ans.A candidate who has passed Class X or XII examination of the Board may re-appear for improvement of performance in one or more subjects in the main examination in the succeeding year only. The candidate may appear privately; those re-appearing for whole examination can also appear as regular candidate if admitted by the school.

For subjects involving practical work, if the candidate has passed the practical examination, he or she will be allowed to appear only in theory part.
Only a statement of marks is issued by the Board after the improvement of performance.

#10.Is it compulsory to pass in theory and practical exams. Separately?
Ans.Yes, it is compulsory to pass separately in the subjects involving theory and practical in Class XII.

#11.Is a student required to appear in all subjects in improvement examination?
Ans.No, the student can appear in one or more than one subject(s) as per his/her choice. However, improvement exam. can be taken only in the successive year of passing Class X/XII exams.

#12.Is the candidate allowed to see the answer script in case the result is not as per the expectations?
Ans.No. There is no provision of showing answer scripts. The candidate can apply for scrutiny, for reconfirmation of marks.

#13.If a candidate passes in the additional subject but fails in one of the main subjects, what will the result show?
Ans.The candidate will be considered as having passed the examination in such a case. A language will replace a language only. For further details the scheme of examinations can be referred to.

#14.What is the procedure followed in marking the answers?
Ans.Each answer is divided that a copy of Marking Scheme be procured to get a clear idea.

#15.The result of Patrachar candidates is always very poor, is the evaluation of private/patrachar candidates different from that of regular candidates?
Ans.There is no difference in the evaluation procedures. However, it depends entirely on the level of preparation and performance of individual candidates irrespective of their status.

#16.Can a candidate simultaneously appear for Improvement as well as Additional subject examination?
Ans.No, a candidate appearing for Improvement in one or more subjects cannot appear for additional subject examination simultaneously.

#17.How many times can a candidate appear for Improvement or additional subject examination?
Ans.

For improvement examination only one chance in the succeeding year is permitted, and for the additional subject, the candidate may appear within 6 years of passing the Main examination.

#18.What is the procedure to apply for Improvement or Additional Examination?
Ans.The admission forms for improvement or additional examination are available in the month of August every year. The examination is held along with the main examination in the month of March/April in the following year. Outstation candidates can contact their respective regional offices for the same.

#19.Is a consolidated or combined Marks Statement issued after improvement or additional examination?
Ans.

After improvement a consolidated marks statement reflecting the marks of main examination and improvement examination is issued.
But for additional subject examination, marks statement in the concerned subject only is issued.
In case of compartment examination a fresh marks statement is issued if the student passes that subject.

#20.What is the pass criteria for Class X and XII?
Ans.A candidate has to pass in all five subjects to be declared Pass. However, for class X a candidate is placed in compartment up to two unqualified subjects and if he fails in one subject in Class XII the candidate is placed in compartment.

#21.Can one appear for improvement exam along with the compartment. Exam conducted by the Board in the month of July/August?
Ans.No, a candidate can appear for improvement exam only in the very next year of passing the main exam in March.

Having more questions other than this. Ask here by leaving a comment.
Pradeep Singh

CBSE 12th Improvement Exam Rules and Regulation | 2014-15

2014-12-30T03:57:00.000-08:00

As you should already be knowing that this is one of the most popular, most searched and an evergreen post on this blog and on WWW as well.

I suggest you to visit CBSE Improvement FAQ'S to clear any more doubt or you may also want to know about Admit Cards or may be about CBSE 10th Improvement Rules 2015

CBSE Improvement Exam takes place succeeding year when you give class 12th board exams. The exam is same as regular board exams and you get a whole year to prepare for the improvement exam.

ABOUT CBSE 12th Board Improvement Exam

You can appear for improvement exam for any one or all of the passing subjects and not in the subjects in which you have been declared fail .

A candidate appearing for improvement exam in one or more subjects can not appear for additional subject simultaneously.

Forms will be available from July or August till October and can be collected from any Syndicate Bank branches or CBSE Regional office and you have to submit the form and fees at syndicate bank branches only list of all branches in India can be checked at the above given link.

Important Points to be noted about the CBSE Improvement Exam:

A candidate who has passed Secondary School Examination of the Board may reappear at the examination for improvement of performance in one or more subjects in the main examination next year only and he/she cannot pursue higher studies in the mean time. They shall appear as a private candidate. Those reappearing in the whole examination, may appear as regular school candidates also. Students may appear in the failing subject(Sixth subject) at the Compartment Examination to be held in July/August the same year.

A candidate appearing for improvement in subject(s) involving practical shall appear only in theory and previous practical marks shall be carried forward and accounted for.

A candidate appearing for improvement of performance shall be issued only Statement of Marks reflecting the marks obtained at the improvement examination in the subject(s).

If the candidate has passed in practical exam, he/she have to appear in the theory part only and marks in practical obtained shall be carried forward and accounted for. In case the candidate has failed in practical he/she have to appear in theory and practical both irrespective of the fact that he/she has already cleared the theory examination.

There is NO COMPARTMENT EXAM FOR IMPROVEMENT EXAM and hence you will have to be with your new marks whatever they are low or high, however the best marks of two years are counted upon.

Candidates who appear for improvement of performance will be issued only Statement of Marks reflecting the marks of the main examination as well as those of the improvement examination. He/she will not be provided with a new passing certificate. Cost of the CBSE Improvement Exam form is Rs.10.

There are two types of forms, one for Delhi is “DISSCE” (only for govt schools in Delhi) and one for All India is “AISSCE” (for private schools).

NOTE: One should remember carefully about the last date for filling the 12th improvement form because once missing you have no chance to improve your marks again.

hello to alllll

2014-05-16T08:35:00.000-07:00

After a long tym i am writing on my blog. This is only due to the busy shedule i am having. There are a lot of lykes comments and visits for the blog. I am very glad to see this. I will try to reply for all the comments but it will take tym. I will be publishing some new posts on the latest trending topics and issues as well as i will edit older most visited posts such as improvent exam, entrance related issues, etccc.
I hope u enjoyyed the election season (some may b not) it is definite that namo will change the system but the question is will this change going to benefit us or not.
Actuallly mr. narendra damodar dad modi clean sweeped it shows the majority. But i think mr. AK sufferred due to the transfer of divided vote in between them and congress.
Lets uss see what happens next.

IIT JEE Preparation Tips Tricks & Strategies

2013-06-21T00:01:00.001-07:00

What is IIT... A brief intro

IIT JEE is one of the most reputed as well as toughest engineering entrance exam as we all know it. It is the way to the IITs as well as many other institutions. A deep knowledge of the subjects mentioned in JEE syllabus is compulsory to clear this exam.

What To Do

Believe in yourself rather in others.
Take breaks. Do not study all day. Read, play, enjoy with your friends. These will actually help in long term in keeping you relaxed and stress free.
Eat healthy. Remember you need to stay healthy in order to study hard.
Remember that you know yourself better than anyone else.
Sleep properly, for 7-8 hours a day.
You will need it. Make routine of every subject. This will help you in giving time go each and every subject. Start the preparation right after you pass class 10 boards.
If you start late you may not be able to cover the entire syllabus properly.

What Not To Do

First of all DO NOT use too many reference books.
DO NOT start new topics that you haven’t done before.
Do not waste time on trying to solve a problem or question. Look for the solution in the answer booklet, understand and move on to the next one since time is of essence here.
Never ever adopt your classmates method of studying. Generally students get influenced by their peers. Everyone is unique and you should study according to your comfort for best concentration.
Always start from the basic concepts. Avoid cramming.
Don’t look for solutions without attempting to get the right answer.
Don't keep your work pending. You might not be able to catch up later.
But never leave any chances.Catch each and every opportunity so that you won't be sad later.Work hard to your greatest extent, rest will be given to you.
Don't ignore school work, especially after the new rules are in place.
Whatever happens, don't take IIT-JEE too seriously. IIT is just a college. Even if you don't get in as an undergraduate you shall have another chance to join as a post graduate student. Remember, missing out on IIT-JEE isn't the end of the world.
“Avoid looking at the questions asked in past IIT exams. Some students try to solve these questions to get an edge but this is not required if you have solved AIEEE papers and revised Class 12 syllabus well.
Avoid writing lengthy solutions for problems — particularly while doing your preparations.
Do not worry if the first two hours of the paper prove to be average for you. Make sure that you do well in the third hour. Your target should be to solve one-third of the paper to be able to make it to the top 1.5 candidates.

You'll Need

Proper guidance
Good books and study materials
Motivation

Subjects and Difficulty Levels

Clearing JEE (Main) is not a difficult task. “A systematic approach when preparing for it will help students crack it. In AIEEE 2012, mathematics and physics were definitely difficult as compared to AIEEE 2011. Chemistry was relatively simple. About 25% questions in the paper are easy, 50% are average and 25% are difficult. The cut-off for JEE (Main) is generally around 60% for NITs and IIITs,” says Ramesh Batlish, Noida centre head, FIITJEE.
According to Anand Kumar, founder, Super 30, Patna, “The tough chapters include probability, permutation and combination and integral calculus in maths; rotational dynamics and geometrical optics in physics; solid state and inorganic chemistry in chemistry; 3D images in engineering drawing; and logical reasoning in aptitude. Revision of the Class 11 and 12 syllabus and practising the last 10 years’ question papers of the AIEEE helps a lot. For logical reasoning, solving GRE questions is a good idea.”

Structure of the Exam

Paper 1

This is a three-hour paper comprising three sections: part 1 - physics, part 2 - chemistry and part 3 - mathematics. There are 30 questions in each of three subjects; which are of objective type-multiple choice with single correct answer. In each section there are 30 questions of four marks each. One should be very careful as there is one-fourth negative marking for every question

Paper 2

This three-hour paper consists of part 1 - mathematics, part 2 - aptitude and part 3 - drawing. The mathematics section has 30 objective-type multiple choice questions with single correct option and one-fourth negative marking. In this part, the syllabus for mathematics includes common topics from Class 11 and 12 CBSE or state Boards. The aptitude section has 50 objective, multiple choice questions with four options and one-fourth negative marking.

Combined Preparation: JEE and Boards

The new selection system gives importance to Class 12 board marks as well, hence one must prepare for both the exams simultaneously. The student must practice all NCERT problems, while brushing up JEE concepts. But the last choice is yours.

Join Test Series

For better preparation and to know where one stands, one can join a popular test series programme. These tests not only check an individual’s level of preparation for the JEE but also make aware of one’s command over the subject, strong and weak areas and writing speed.

Time Management

While dealing with exam pressure, time management plays a crucial role. Plan and divide the time remaining aptly for the three subjects. You can prepare a chapter-wise and topic-wise revision schedule. It is recommended to create short notes, list all formulas and points to remember. This will help in quick revision at a later stage.

Correct Methodology

The correct approach for those taking the exam for the first or second (last) time is to stick to limited source and not refer to a numerous books and study material available in the market. The syllabus and paper pattern for JEE Main, JEE Advance and Board Exams are different. Identify your strengths and weaknesses and prepare accordingly.

Month-wise Planning

Develop month-wise plan and break it into weeks. Initial about three to four months, one can focus on developing concepts for each chapter separately. March should be Kept for board exams, except for certain days when you can simultaneously solve previous year papers papers of AIEEE and IIT-JEE. April and May can be used to revise formulae and take mock tests. All three subjects: Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics are equally important, thus one must devote at least two to three hours to each subject on a daily basis. It’s the quality of time spent on self-study that matters, not quantity.

Important Topics

The syllabus of Class 11 and 12 contribute about 45% and 55% of IIT-JEE question papers, respectively. While preparing, put more stress on the following topics.
Mathematics: Quadratic equations and expressions, complex numbers, probability, vectors, matrices in algebra; circle, parabola, hyperbola in coordinate geometry; functions, limits, continuity and differentiability, application of derivatives, definite integral in calculus.
Physics: Mechanics, fluids, heat and thermodynamics, waves and sound, capacitors and electrostatics, magnetics, electromagnetic induction, optics and modern physics.
Chemistry: Coordination chemistry and chemical bonding in inorganic chemistry, electrochemistry, chemical and ionic equilibrium, mole concept in physical chemistry and organic chemistry.

Practice Makes Perfect

Practice as much questions as you can for JEE. Keep in mind the following tips while preparing:

Study on a regular basis and proper sleep is must.

Keep in touch with like-minded students to get that extra edge

Problem-solving should be more qualitative than quantitative

With the right attitude, even an average student can clear it successfully

Summary At a Glance

Always study in the morning time and set a target to finish at least one chapter of every subject.
If you have any problem or question related to your subject try to watch YouTube videos related to that topic or simply Google it.
In most of the books objective questions are given, if you have no special books for the jee main and jee advanced preparation try to solve these questions (given at the end of every chapter)
Divide the time into three times, always give a break to your mind and physique so that when you start again you will be fresh enough to understand your next topic. And manage it on your own way like you can attempt first mathematics, then chemistry, and at last physics etc.
Believe in yourself. This is the first thing you should have that is a strong belief in yourself that you have the ability to become an IITian . Work hard. Someone has rightly said where there is a will, there is a way.
Work hard. Try to give as much time as you can in understanding the topics being covered. Even if you are not feeling well for solving problems, read popular articles on the topics or Wikipedia pages related to the topics. Having a clear concept is more important than being able to solve problems.
Have a proper guidance. A good and experienced teacher or coaching institute will generally be of help. They are familiar with the pattern of the examination, and the kind of effort that a student needs to put in. So joining a well reputed institute can make things easier for you.
Concentrate on each topic. You should go through each chapter with a lot of concentration. If suppose you are unable to solve a problem choose another problem of the similar type. Try to understand the basics of each topic instead of solving all problems. Very often a thorough understanding of a few topics proves better than a superficial idea about all topics.
Revise. Whatever is being taught to you in school or tuition immediately revise it once you're back home. This will help you to keep in touch with all topics, since a lot needs to be covered in a short time.
Put in effort continuously. Don't lose your heart if you are unable to do something. You will have to work hard everyday till you reach your destination. The journey is not that easy but if u have strong determination you can do it with ease.
Have good study materials at your disposal. Go for HC VERMA in physics and NCERT. Go for arihant publications for chemistry. For maths go for arihant and NCERT too. Plus, have a question bank of previous 34 years by arihant publications or FIITJEE archive. solve this and you will have a sharp edge over others.You need to work on Chemistry O.P Tandon also, it helps you a lot.
Manage your time very efficiently, as the IIT JEE requires has a vast syllabus and has to be cover over a limited period of time.

CBSE CCE System and Examination Reforms 2013-14

2013-05-27T23:53:00.003-07:00

EXAMINATION REFORMS AND CONTINUOUS AND COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION (CCE)

C – Continuous C – Comprehensive E – Evaluation

Continuous stands for assessment of a student throughout the year, not just at the end of a term. It may be done formally or in an informal way using different techniques of evaluation .
Comprehensive takes care of assessment of all round development of a child’s personality. A child will be assessed not only in terms of his knowledge about a subject but his participation in other activities also. Broadly, we assess a child’s growth in two areas – Scholastic and Co-scholastic. The term Scholastic refers to those aspects , which are related to intellect or the brain. It is related to the assessment of learners in curricular subjects. It includes assignments, projects, practical etc.

New scheme of evaluation

As a part of this new system, student's marks will be replaced by grades which will be evaluated through a series of curricular and extra-curricular evaluations along with academics. The aim is to reduce the workload on students and to improve the overall skill and ability of the student by means of evaluation of other activities. Grades are awarded to students based on work experience skills, dexterity, innovation, steadiness, teamwork, public speaking, behavior, etc. to evaluate and present an overall measure of the student's ability. This helps the students who are not good in academics to show their talent in other fields such as arts, humanities, sports, music, athletics, etc.

How will the assessment be done ?

A school session is divided into two terms: First term – April to September. Second term – October to March. Each term has two Formative Assessments (FA) and one Summative Assessment (SA). Syllabus covered in the first term will not be included in the second term.

Marks and grades

In CCE, the marks obtained in an exam are usually not revealed. However, equivalent grades, which would be deduced using a special method by the teachers during evaluation would be revealed. This is considered as a drawback since a child with 92 marks will get the same grade as the child with 100 marks and their talents cannot be recognized by anyone else other than their teachers. Though this system might have some drawbacks it instills this value that students need to compete with themselves to get a better grade and not with others. The grading system is as follows -

CGPA	Grade	Qualified?	Merited?
9.1-10.0	A1	Yes	Yes
8.1-9.0	A2	Yes	Yes
7.1-8.0	B1	Yes	Yes
6.1-7.0	B2	Yes	yes
5.1-6.0	C1	Yes	No
4.1-5.0	C2	Upon upgradation	No
3.1-4.0	D	Upon upgradation	No
2.1-3.0	E1	No	No
1.1-2.0	E2	No	No

Time Schedule and Weightage

First Term (40%)

FA I – April to July 10%
FA 2 – July to Sept. 10%
SA I – End of Sept. 20%

Second Term (60%)

FA 3 – Oct. to Dec. 10%
FA 4 – Dec. to Feb. 10%
SA 2 – End of March 40%

FOR STUDENTS PRESENT IN CLASS IX
Since we have only second term in hand, we will take the 40% weightage from WT I and Mid Year Examination.

FA 3 includes :

WT 2
Home work
Class work
Group Activity/Experiments
Individual Activity

FA 4 will be conducted on the similar lines.
Syllabus for SA 2 (March 2010) is available on CBSE website and known to students also.

FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT (FA)
Formative assessment includes all types of tests, formal and informal. Assessment can be done during the teaching process or after completing a unit. It includes :

Class work
Quizzes
Home work
Worksheets
Oral tests
Assignments
Group discussion
Group activity
Experiments
Projects
Conversation/Interview

The record of FA will be maintained by the class teacher and subject teachers.

SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT (SA)

This is the most traditional way of testing that is paper pen test based on the curriculum taught during the specified time period. The question paper of SA will be set by the CBSE.
The centre of examination will be the child’s own school. Answer sheets will be checked by the school teachers.

GRADING SYSTEM

The performance of a child in scholastic area will be assessed in terms of marks. Marks will be known to the student but his report card will show grades only. Marks will be converted into grades as per following pattern :

Marks Range	Grade	Grade Point
91-100	A1	10
81-90	A2	9
71-80	B1	8
61-70	B2	7
51-60	C1	6
41-50	C2	5
33-40	D	4
21-32	E1	--
00-20	E2	--

Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE), New Delhi has recently issued a teacher's manual on CCE for class 9 and class 10. From the current session 2009-2010, this new scheme of (CCE) continuous and comprehensive evaluation is being implemented in class 9th and the same will be implemented in class 10th too from next session i.e. 2010-2011. CCE is a continuous and comprehensive evaluation that aimed at evaluating performance on the basis of end term examinations and on academics, co-curricular sports etc on a regular basis. In this new grading system, CBSE board will not conduct board exams for class 10 and the school authorities will be issued a certificate of school as per the guidelines given by CBSE board.

The proposed Certificate of School Based Assessment will be divided into three parts:

1. Part 1 will consist of Scholastic areas
The academic performance of the learner in the classes 9th and 10th will reflect in the form of grades and percentile rank. During a year, two terms have been suggested, term 1 from April to September and term 2 from October to March for classes 9th and class 10th. Each term will carry two formative and one summative assessment. The grading scale for scholastic domain will be a nine point scale based on direct grading.

2. Part 2 will comprise of co-scholastic areas which include Life-Skills and attitudes and values.
A five point grading scale for assessment in Life-Skills and a three point scale for assessment in attitudes and values have been proposed.

3. Part 3 consists of co-scholastic activities which include participation in Literary, Scientific, aesthetic and Club activities.
Under this head , second sub-section includes Health and Physical Education. It is proposed that students will access on a three point scale in all these areas.

Evaluation of Scholastic areas
Each term will carry two Formative assessments and one Summative assessment for the evaluation of Scholastic areas.

Formative Assessment: Formative assessment is a tool that will be used by the teacher to continuously monitor student progress in a non-threatening as well as supportive environment. If used effectively, it can improve the performance of a student tremendously while raising the self esteem of the child and reducing the work load of the teacher. Some of the great features of Formative assessment are that it is diagnostic and remedial that provides effective feedback to students and allows for the active involvement of students in their own learning, enables teachers for adjusting teaching to take account of the results of assessment and recognizes the profound influence that assessment has on the motivation and self-esteem of students, both of which are crucial influences in learning. It is advisable that the school should not restrict the Formative assessment to only a paper-pencil test. There are other means of testing for e.g. through quizzes, interviews, conversations, visual testing, oral testing, projects, practicals and assignments. For the current year, there will be only two Formative assessments for Class IX for the (remaining) second term. It is advised that the Schools may conduct more than two such assessments and take the best two out of those. Assessments done periodically will be shown to the students or parents for encouraging continuous participatory improvement.

Summative Assessment: The Summative assessment is the terminal assessment of performance at the end of instruction. Under the end term Summative assessment, the students will be tested internally that will based on the following criteria:-
a) Curriculum and Syllabus for Classes IX will be the same as circulated by the CBSE Board earlier.
b) The Summative assessment will be in the form of a pen-paper test that is conducted by the schools themselves. It will be conducted at the end of each term.
c) In order to ensure standardization, and to ensure uniformity, the Question Banks in different subjects for generating question papers will be forwarded by the Board to schools in March 2010.
d) In order to cater to difference in the pace of responding, the Schools will give flexible timing to the students during end term Summative assessment.
e) For the current year, there will be only one term end Summative assessment for the (remaining) second term to be conducted in March 2010 for Class IX students.
f) Evaluation of answer scripts will be done by the school Teachers themselves on the basis of the Marking Scheme provided by the Board.
g) There will be random verification of the assessments procedures carried on by schools by the Board officials/nominees appointed by the Board.

The Weightage of Formative Assessment (FA) and Summative Assessment (SA) will be as follows:

Term	Type of Assessment	Percentage of weightage in Academic session	Term – wise weightage	Total
FIRST TERM (April – Sept.)	Formative Assessment I	10%	Formative Assessment-1+2=20%	Formative = 40% Summative = 60% Total 100%
	Formative Assessment 2	10%	Formative Assessment-1+2=20%
	Summative Assessment 1	20%	Summative Assessment -1=20%
SECOND TERM (Oct. – March)	Formative Assessment 3	10%	Formative Assessment-3+4=20%
	Formative Assessment 4	10%	Formative Assessment-3+4=20%
	Summative Assessment 2	40%	Summative Assessment-2=40%

However, considering that CCE has been introduced in middle of the academic year, it will only be implemented for the second term for Class IX. The schools have the choice to implement one of the following for this academic year:

Biology 11th & 12th All Full Forms (Abbreviations) - Most Viewed

2013-05-26T08:00:00.000-07:00

In this post, you will find all high school biology short forms and their expansion. Many times they are asked in examination as "Short Answer Questions". Sometimes in "Long Answer Questions" also you will find that they are extremely Useful.

PMC → Pollen Mother Cell
MMC → Megaspore Mother Cell
PEN → Primary Endosperm Nucleus
PEC → Primary Endosperm Cell
IUDs → Intra Uterine Devices
MTP → Medical Termination of Pregnancy
STDs → Sexually Transmitted Devices
ET → Embryo Transfer
IVF → In Vitro Fertilization
ART → Assisted Reproductive Technologies
ZIFT → Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer
PIDs → Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases
AI → Artificial Insemination
IUI → Intra Uterine Insemination
IUT → Intra Uterine Transfer
GIFT → Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer
MOET → Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer
SCP → Single Cell Protein
LAB → Lactic Acid Bacteria
STPs → Sewage Treatment Plants
BOD → Biochemical Oxygen Demand
MALT → Mucosal Associated Lymphoid Tissues
CMI → Cell-Mediated Immunity
AIDS → Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome
NACO → National Aids Control Organisation
HIV → Human Immuno-deficiency Virus
CT → Computed Tomography
MRI → Magnetic Resonance Imaging
ELISA → Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbant Essay
PMNL → Polymorpho-Nuclear Leukocytes
AMI → Antibody Mediated Immunity
ICSI → Inta Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection
RTIs → Reproductive Tract Infections
ICBN → International Code for Botanical Nomenclature
ICZN → International Code for Zoological Nomenclature

Number System | Binary | Hexadecimal | Roman | Fractions

2013-05-14T05:05:00.003-07:00

Types of Numbers

Natural numbers

(ℕ)

The counting numbers {1, 2, 3, ...}, are called natural numbers. They include all the counting numbers i.e. from 1 to infinity.

Whole numbers (w)

They are the natural numbers including zero. Not all whole numbers are natural numbers, but all natural numbers are whole numbers.

Integers (Z)

Positive and negative counting numbers, as well as zero.

Rational numbers (Q)

Numbers that can be expressed as a fraction of an integer and a non-zero integer.

Real numbers (ℝ)

All numbers that can be expressed as the limit of a sequence of rational numbers. Every real number corresponds to a point on the number line.

Irrational numbers

A real number that is not rational is called irrational.

Complex Numbers (C)

Includes real numbers and imaginary numbers, such as the square root of negative one.

Hypercomplex numbers (C)

Includes various number-system extensions: quaternions, octonions, tessarines, coquaternions, and biquaternions.

Number representations

Decimal

The standard Hindu–Arabic numeral system using base ten.

Binary

The base-two numeral system used by computers.

Roman

The numeral system of ancient Rome, still occasionally used today.

Fractions

A representation of a non-integer as a ratio of two integers. These include improper fractions as well as mixed numbers.

Scientific Notation

A method for writing very small and very large numbers using powers of 10. When used in science, such a number also conveys the precision of measurement using significant figures.

Knuth's up-arrow notation and Conway chained arrow notation

Notations that allow the concise representation of extremely large integers such as Graham's number.

Types and Properties of Quadrilaterals (Quadrangles)

2013-05-06T03:36:00.003-07:00

A quadrilateral is a polygon with four sides (edges) or four vertices or four corners it can also be called as a TETRAGON

There are different types and varieties of quadrilaterals having different properties such as different angles and sides. You can learn them here in a very easy and informative way.

After reading this tutorial you can answer these questions like

What are the properties of quadrilateral?

What is a diagonal and what are adjacent sides?

How many types of quadrilaterals are there in Geometry?

What is a cyclic quadrilateral and what are its properties?

And at last but not the least all types and properties of parallelogram, rhombus, square, rectangle, kite, oblong, trapezoid, etc.

Properties of Quadrilaterals:

-Four sides.
-Four vertices (corners).
-Interior angles sum to 360^°.
-Exterior angles sum to 360^°.

Important Terms Related to Quadrilateral:

Diagonals:-

Diagonals are line segments that join two opposite vertices of a quadrilateral (corners).

A quadrilateral can have maximum two diagonal

Where AD is the line segment joining two opposite vertices A and D

Adjacent Sides:-

Two sides are adjacent, if they share a common vertex.

In the quadrilateral shown above the 4 pair of adjacent sides are:

AD and DC
DC and BC
BC and AB
AB and AD

Adjacent Angles:-

Two angles are adjacent, if they share a common side.

In the quadrilateral shown above the 4 pair of adjacent angles are:

∠1 and ∠3
∠3 and ∠4
∠2 and ∠4
∠1 and ∠2

Types of Quadrilaterals

There are special types of quadrilateral:

Some types are also included in the definition of other types! For example a square, rhombus and rectangle are also parallelograms.

Concave Quadrilaterals

A quadrilateral that contains a reflex angle.

1. Parallelogram

A parallelogram is a quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel and equal sides

Properties of Parallelogram :-

Opposite sides are congruent(i.e., Equal in length).
Opposite angels are congruent(i.e., Equal in length).
Consecutive angles are supplementary (i.e., Sum of consecutive angle = 180°).
If one angle is right angle, then all angles are right angle(i.e., It is a square).
The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other to form two pairs of congruent triangles.

2. Rhombus (Rhomb) {Equilateral Quadrangle

A rhombus is a parallelogram all of whose all four sides are congruent

Properties of Rhombus :-

All four sides are congruent(i.e., Equal in length).
Opposite sides are parallel(i.e., It's a parallelogram).
Opposite angels are congruent(i.e., Equal in length).
Consecutive angles are supplementary (i.e., Sum of consecutive angle = 180°).
The diagonals of a rhombus bisect pairs of opposite angles.
If one angle is right angle, then all angles are right angle(i.e., It is a square).
Four congruent triangles are formed by diagonals.

3. Rhomboid

A rhomboid is a parallelogram in which adjacent sides are of unequal lengths and oblique angles

Properties of Rhomboid :-

All four sides are congruent(i.e., Equal in length).
Opposite angels are congruent(i.e., Equal in length).
Opposite angels are parallel(i.e., It's a parallelogram).
Consecutive angles are supplementary (i.e., Sum of consecutive angle = 180°).
If one angle is right angle, then all angles are right angle(i.e., It is a square).
The diagonals bisect each other to form two pairs of congruent triangles.

4. Rectangle [Equiangular Quadrangle]

A rectangle is a plane figure with four straight sides and four right angles

Properties of Rhombus :-

Opposite sides that are congruent and parallel.
Adjacent sides are of unequal length
Consecutive angles are supplementary, and
Diagonals bisect each other.

5. Square {Regular Quadrilateral}

A square is a rhombus whose all angles are right angles

Properties of Square :-

The diagonals bisect each other and at right angle.
The diagonals bisect its angles.
Opposite sides parallel and congruent.
All four angles square are congruent.
All four sides square are congruent.
The diagonals are congruent.

6. Oblong

A oblong is a rectangle which has unequal adjacent sides.

Properties of oblong :-

Two sets of parallel lines meeting at right angles.

7. Kite

A kite is a quadrilateral whose two pair of adjacent sides are equal

Properties of Kites:-

Two sets of parallel lines meeting at right angles.
Two disjoint pairs of consecutive sides are congruent by definition Note: Disjoint means that the two pairs are totally separate.
The diagonals are perpendicular.
One diagonal is the perpendicular bisector of the other diagonal
The main diagonal bisects a pair of opposite angles.
The opposite angles at the endpoints of the cross diagonal are congruent.

8. Trapezoid (Trapezium)

A quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides is known as a trapezoid

Properties of Kites:-

The bases are parallel by definition.
Each lower base angle is supplementary to the upper base angle on the same side.

Cyclic Quadrilaterals

A cyclic quadrilateral (inscribed quadrilateral) is a quadrilateral drawn inside a circle so that its corners lie on the circumference of the circle

whose vertices all lie on a single circle. This circle is called the circumcircle or circumscribed circle, and the vertices are said to be concyclic. The center of the circle and its radius are called the circumcenter and the circumradius respectively. Other names for these quadrilaterals are concyclic quadrilateral and chordal quadrilateral, the latter since the sides of the quadrilateral are chords of the circumcircle.

Properties of Cyclic Quadrilaterals:

(a) the opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral sum to 180°

i.e. a+ c = 180°
b + d = 180°

(b) the exterior angle of a cyclic quadrilateral is equal to the interior
opposite angle
i.e. e = c

Summary
Here is a list of all the properties of quadrilaterals that we have mentioned along with the classes of the quadrilaterals that possess those properties:

Property		Quadrilaterals
Orthodiagonal		Kite, Dart, Rhombus, Square
Cyclic		Square, Rectangle, Isosceles Trapezoid
Inscriptible		Kite, Dart, Rhombus, Square
Having two parallel sides		Rhombus, Square, Rectangle, Parallelogram, Trapezoid
Having two pairs of parallel sides		Rhombus, Square, Rectangle, Parallelogram
Equilateral		Rhombus, Square
Equiangular		Rectangle, Square

Skill development vocational courses | CBSE to make students employable

2013-05-04T04:16:00.000-07:00

Taking education a step further, the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has now introduced Skill Development in schools from standard 9 onward.
With its recent changes in curriculum, the Board has asked affiliated schools to start Skill development vocational courses. This will prepare students to handle challenges of the job market with ease.
CBSE has shortlisted some private institutes which offer special training programs for Skill development.
In order to take this initiative to a maximum number of students, CBSE has asked schools to tie up with these private institutes.
The list, drawn up by CBSE, includes 35 skill knowledge providers in 11 areas, including retail, information technology, security, automobile, banking and insurance, hospitality and tourism, mass media and media production, health and beauty, music production, design, and medical diagnostics.

CBSE Chairman, Mr.Vineet Joshi said, “This course is essential for students to excel and emerge successful in real life situations of work.
This course will give them basic information of a working environment as they graduate from school. Skilled manpower and right exposure will help students to attain the best positions in various organizations.”
The objective of introducing such a subject is to create a positive impact for the inclusive growth of students.
Students studying in CBSE-affiliated schools will be given a choice to opt for these competency-based skill courses along with the general academic subjects in order to enhance their skills in their chosen field.
Skill development courses will not only ensure employment of students post school but will also help them in pursuing higher studies in their favorite field due to the academic teaching given to them during this span.

CBSE Class 12 and Class 10 Result 2013 for All Regions

2013-05-04T03:23:00.000-07:00

CBSE 12th Result 2013

The CBSE 12th Result 2013 is expected to be up on the CBSE website by end of May for all regions.
The CBSE Class 12th Examination 2013 was conducted from 1 March 2013 to 17 March 2013.
Since the CBSE class 12 results 2012 were declared on 28 May 2012 with a pass percentage of 80%, candidates can expect their result around the same time and they should keep their roll number with them.
CBSE Board was set up by the Government of India in 1929 as a joint Board named ‘Board of High School and Intermediate Education, Rajputana’. In 1952, it became the ‘Central Board of Secondary Education’. The board functions under the overall supervision of the Controlling Authority which is vested with the Secretary Education, Government of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development.
Candidates who had appeared for CBSE Class 10 Examination 2013 can expect their result in the last week of May. In 2012, the CBSE board had declared result on 24 May 2013 and hence the CBSE 10th result can be expected around the same time.

The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) conducted Class 10th examination from 2 March 2013 to 15 March 2013. The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) Board also introduced Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) for the first time in 2011.
The CBSE Board presently affiliates all Kendriya Vidyalayas, Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalayas, private schools, Government Schools, Independent Schools and Central Tibetean Schools. In order to execute its functions effectively Regional Offices were set up by the CBSE Board in Allahabad, Ajmer, Chennai, Guwahati, Panchkula, and Delhi. Schools located outside India are looked after by regional office Delhi.

CBSE 2013 Results via SMS for Class 10th and 12th

Are you looking for your 10th or 12th results of CBSE board? What about getting results by SMS as soon as it get published. If you own a mobile, you can get your board results right into your mobile inbox as an sms.
The results of 10th Grade & 12th grade exams will be declared after 26th of this month. CBSE has not officially declared the date when results will be declared but students are anxiously waiting for their result as the marks matters a lot for higher studies.

Follow these steps to Get CBSE Board Results via SMS

Go to resutls.gov.in and register. click here to register
While registering submit your board there properly & check all services including sms service
After successful registration, you will be getting sms just after the declaration of your result.

Alternative ways: The sms channel for CBSE board results 2013 is also available for almost all kind of prepaid postpaid telecommunication services. Needless to say that you need to pay for every sms you will be sending or for each result.

Price for One Result via SMS is 0.50 INR Apx. (depending upon different corporation service charge and taxes)

Getting Board results via sms:

All You need to write and send an SMS to the channel to get your result (once result gets declared). Type CBSE 10 YOUR ROLL NUMBER and send it to these numbers (according to your network provider)

SSC Results for 10th Board Results

Airtel: 54321202, 55077
BSNL: 57766
Vodafone: 56735
IDEA: 55456068
Tata Docomo/Tata Indicom: 54321, 51234,5333300
Aircel: 5800002
MTNL: 52001
NIC: 9212357123

Class 12 or HSSC Part 2 Results

For getting class 12th results, you need to type cbse10 and your roll no. and send it to the number below (according to your network provider)

Airtel: 54321202, 55077
BSNL: 57766
Vodafone: 56735
IDEA: 55456068
Tata Docomo/Indicom: 54321, 51234,5333300
MTNL: 52001
Aircel: 5800002
NIC: 9212357123

CBSE, NEET, JEE, CTET and JNVST Helpline, Contact and Email Numbers

2013-04-27T23:40:00.000-07:00

In order to execute its functions effectively Regional Offices have been set up by the Board in different parts of the country to be more responsive to the affiliated schools. The Board has regional offices in Allahabad, Ajmer, Chennai, Guwahati, Panchkula and Delhi. Schools located outside India are looked after by regional office Delhi.

CBSE Contact Numbers and Email

Chairman, Secretary & Chief Vigilance Officer

Vineet Joshi, IAS

Tel. 91-11-22023737, 22467263, 22549628

Email: secy-cbse@nic.in

Examination Matters

M C Sharma,
Controller of Examination
Tel. 91-11-22515828
Email: mcsharma.cbse@nic.in

AIEEE

Pitam Singh
Head of Deptt.(Special Exams)
Tel. 91-11-22235774

CBSE has set up a dedicated Call Centre for handling routine inquiries and grievances pertaining to various activities and functions of the Board. Students presently studying in various CBSE affiliated schools, candidates appearing in private examination, pass out students of CBSE Board, parents, School management, new school seeking CBSE affiliation, awardees of CBSE scholarship schemes, aspirants and applicants for NEET, JEE, CTET, JNVST and general public can approach the CBSE Call Centre for obtaining information of the procedures/rules and regulations of various activities of the Board.

Through Telephone/Mobile phone one can contact us on all working weekdays between 9:30 am to 7 pm on the following telephone nos.

1800 118 002 [Toll Free]
011-22509257
011-22509258
011-22509259
011-22509256 [Tele-fax]

On all days 24×7 one can e-mail us giving details of his/her grievance/query along with contact number and details at:

cbsecc@gmail.com

Through post one may contact us by sending a letter through Speed Post at:

Joint Secretary (Administration& Vigilance)
Central Board of Secondary Education [CBSE], Shiksha Kendra
2, Community Centre, Preet Vihar, Delhi-110301 INDIA

CBSE Contact Addresses and Phone Numbers 2015

2013-04-27T23:23:00.002-07:00

CBSE has set up a dedicated Call Centre for handling routine enquiries and grievances pertaining to various activities and functions of the Board. Students presently studying in various CBSE affiliated schools, candidates appearing in private examination, pass out students of CBSE Board, parents, School management, new school seeking CBSE affiliation, awardees of CBSE scholarship schemes, aspirants and applicants for NEET, JEE, CTET, JNVST and general public can approach the CBSE Call Centre for obtaining information of the procedures/rules and regulations of various activities of the Board.

General Enquiry: 011-22509256 – 59, 011-22239177-80

CBSE Helpline Number: 1800 11 8002

JEE (Main) Helpline Number: 8506061071-78

Note: One can call on all working days from Monday to Friday between 9:30 am to 7 pm.

One can also e-mail queries to directoracad.cbse@nic.in, mcsharma2007@rediffmail.com.

One can also contact CBSE through a postal letter on the following address:

Central Board of Secondary Education [CBSE], Shiksha Kendra
2, Community Centre, Preet Vihar, Delhi-110301 INDIA

For better accessibility and convenience of the students, CBSE has for the first time setup a Centralized Call System. The students can call on the above number and get in touch with counselors for one to one telephonic counseling from 8 a.m upto mid-night.

For further convenience of the students, a toll free number has now been installed. Students can call the number from any part of the country. The operators will answer general queries and also connect them to the counselors for counseling.

Contact

Central Board of Secondary Education Head Office
"Shiksha Kendra", 2, Community Centre, Preet Vihar, Delhi - 110 092.

Chairman	Vineet Joshi, IAS	Tel. 91-11-22023737, 23220154 Email: chmn-cbse@nic.in
Affiliation, Administration and Scholarship Matters	Secretary & CVO	Tel. 91-11-22549627, 22549628 Email: secy-cbse@nic.in Tel. (CVO) : 91-11-22524152, Fax:22025545 Email: cvo.cbse@gmail.com
Examination Matters	M C Sharma, Controller of Examination	Tel. 91-11-22515828 Email: mcsharma.cbse@nic.in
CTET/JNV	Pitam Singh Director (Special Exams & CTET)	Tel. 91-11-22235774 Fax: 91-11-22235775 Email: pitams.cbse@nic.in
Training & Academics	Dr Sadhana Parashar Director (Training)	Tel. 91-11-23212603,23234324 Fax. 91-11-23234324 Email: sadhanap.cbse@nic.in
Advisor	B.M Gupta Advisor	Tel . 91-11-22542693 Email : bmgupta.cbse@nic.in
I.T. Department	Dr. Antriksh Johri Director (IT) Kamal Kumar Khandelwal Deputy Secretary (IT)	Tel. 91-11-22239188 Email: director-it@cbse.gov.in Email: kamalcbse@gmail.com
EDUSAT & Vocational Education;	P I Sabu Director (EDUSAT)
Delhi Region	M V V Prasada Rao Director (Delhi Region)	Tel: 011-22248885 Fax: 011-22248990 Email: rodelhi.cbse@nic.in
JEE (Main)	Rajbir Singh Joint Secretary J K Yadav Deputy Secretary	Tel. 91-11-22246095 Email: rajbir.cbse@nic.in Email: jkyadav.cbse@nic.in
NEET	Joseph Emmanuel Joint Secretary (OSD)	Tel. 91-11-22059683 Email: josephe.cbse@nic.in
Online Affiliation and Affiliation website	Shambhu Lal Prasad Programmer	Tel: 011-22520242, Fax: 011-22540655 Email: cbse.aff@nic.in
CTET	Jaiprakash Chaturvedi Assistant Secretary (CTET)	Tel. 22240104 Email: ctet@cbse.gov.in
Public Relations	Mrs Rama Sharma Public Relations Officer/ Public Information Officer	Tel. 91-11-22440083 Telefax. 91-11-22440083 Email: ramas.cbse@nic.in
LIBRARY	Dr B N Singh Library and Information Officer	Tel. 91-11-22521081
Scholarship Matters	011-22509256-59 Ext. 218 Email: scholarship.cbse@nic.in
General Enquiry	Tel. 91-11-22509256 - 59 RO Delhi: 22239177-80
JEE (Main) Helpline	8506061071-78
CBSE Helpline Number	1800-11-8002

Regional Offices

Director (Delhi Region):
M V V Prasada Rao
Tel: 011-22248885

Regional Office
Central Board of Secondary Education, PS-1-2, Institutional Area, I.P.Extn. Patparganj, Delhi-110 092.

NCT of Delhi, Foreign Schools

Tel:91-11-22239177-80

Fax: 91-11-22248990

rodelhi.cbse@nic.in

Regional Officer:
D T S Rao
Tel: 91-44-26162213-14, 26161100

Regional Office
Central board of Secondary Education, Plot No. 1630 A, "J" Block, 16th Main Road
Anna Nagar West, Chennai-600040.

Tamil Nadu,Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Goa, Puducherry, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Daman and Diu

Tel. 91-44-26162214 /26162213
Fax:91-44-26162212

rochennai.cbse@nic.in

Regional Officer:
K K Choudhary
Tel: 0361-2229992-94, 85

Regional Office
Central Board of Secondary Education, Shilpogram Road (Near Sankardev Kalakshetra),
Panjabari, Guwahati-781037

Assam, Nagaland, Manipur, Meghalaya, Tripura, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram.

Telfax:91-361-2229992, 2229995

roguwahati.cbse@nic.in

Regional Officer:
Pushpa K Wadhwa
Tel: 0145-2627460, 2629928

Regional Office
Central Board of Secondary Education, Todarmal Marg, Ajmer-305 030

Rajasthan,Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli

Tel:91-145-2627451/2627139
Fax:91-145-2421543
roajmer.cbse@nic.in

Regional Officer:
R. J. Khanderao
Tel: 0172-2585193

Regional Office
Central Board of Secondary Education, Sector- 5 , Panchkula - 134109 (Haryana)

Haryana,U.T.of Chandigarh, Punjab, J&K, Himachal Pradesh.

Tel: 91-172-2585193/2583547
Fax:91-172-2585163

ropanchkula.cbse@nic.in

Regional Officer:
S Devadas
Tel: 0532-2407970, 2407710

Regional Office
Central Board of Secondary Education, 35 B, Civil Station, M.G. Marg , Civil Lines, Allahabad-211 015

Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal

Tel:91-532-2407970-72
Fax:91-532-2408977

roallahabad.cbse@nic.in

Regional Officer:
S U Sorte
Tele Fax: 0612-2295008

Regional Office
Central Board of Secondary Education, Ambika Complex, Behind State Bank Colony, Near Brahmsthan,
Sheikhpura, Bailey Road
Patna-800 014.

Bihar, Jharkhand

New Regional Office opened

Tel:91-612-2295048
Tel: 2295008, 2295080

ropatna.cbse@nic.in

Regional Officer:
A S Verma
Tel: 0674-2547312

Regional Office
Central Board of Secondary Education, 6th Floor, Alok Bharti Building, Shaheed Nagar, Bhubaneswar

West Bengal, Orissa, Chhattisgarh

New Regional Office opened

Computer Section	91-674-2548412
Administration	91-674-2548512
Examination	91-674-2548612
Asstt Secretary	91-674-2548212
AB Cell	91-674-2548712

rocbsebbsr@rediffmail.com
robhubaneshwar.cbse@nic.in

Teacher not able to Clear CTET ( Mandatory Test ) of CBSE

2013-04-26T23:38:00.000-07:00

KOCHI: It has been made mandatory by the government for schools to appoint teachers who

have cleared the central teacher eligibility test (CTET) to improve the quality of teachers. However, with hardly any CTET-qualified candidates available in the state, the CBSE schools are busy hiring teaching staff before the academic session begins in June.

Sources reveal that hardly 5% teachers selected in CBSE schools in the state have cleared the test conducted by the board. Meanwhile, the state government has already made entrance exam compulsory for recruitment of teachers in government and aided schools.

"The CBSE has given five years to existing teachers in CBSE schools to clear the entrance exam but not many from the state are appearing for the test. Also, CBSE insists that the qualifying exam for new appointments should be CTET, but we barely come across teachers who have cleared CTET. We appoint teachers with NET or SET," said Kerala CBSE school management association president T P M Ibrahim Khan.

CTET is conducted for the appointment of candidates at two levels -- primary-level teachers (Class 1 to V) and junior-level teachers (Class VI to VIII) -- in accordance with the provisions of the Right to Education Act.

The rationale for including CTET as a minimum qualification for a person to be eligible for appointment as teacher is that it would bring national standards and benchmark of teacher quality in the recruitment process. Sources said it was also expected to induce teacher education institutions and students from these institutions to further improve their performance standards besides sending a positive signal to all stakeholders that the government lays special emphasis on teacher quality. The validity period of CTET qualifying certificate for appointment is seven years from the date of declaration of results for all categories. There is also no restriction on the number of attempts a person can take for clearing the test. A person who has qualified CTET may also appear again for improving his/her score.

"We get almost 25 to 30 candidates for one teaching post. But none of them are CTET qualified. At present, we have difficulty in getting a teacher with language proficiency, good communication skills and excellent subject knowledge. In such a scenario, we can't really hope to hire a CTET-qualified candidate," said K Unnikrishnan, president of the Confederation of Kerala Sahodaya Complexes.

Sources reveal that hardly 5% teachers selected in CBSE schools in the state have cleared the test conducted by the board.

CBSE 12th Improvement Exam Admit Card 2014-15

2012-11-04T06:37:00.002-08:00

This tutorial helps you to get an info about CBSE Improvement Exam Admit Card 2014-15. Hope it helps. Also consider similar posts that i had written on CBSE 12th Improvement Rules, CBSE 12th Improvement FAQ'S and CBSE 10th Improvement (EIOP) Rules

Candidates (For Improvement Exam, Compartment Exam and Private Candidates) willing to sit in examinations conducted by board will receive an intimation letter from CBSE pertaining to roll number and examination centre. Candidates are requested to show the letter at the examination centre they are allotted to collect their admit card from the centre itself.

Further you have to show this letter and collect your Admit Card and verify your date sheet from the above noted centre, from 15th February onwards. Please check all entries of your admit card including photo and in case of any discrepancy contact the CBSE office immediately on third (IIIrd) floor in case of Class XII and fourth (IVth) floor in case of Class X.

CBSE Admit card 2013 will soon be released by the Central Board of Secondary Education on their official website. So, students looking for CBSE admit card or Hall Ticket 2015 should visit this page frequently for regular updates or can follow the official website of CBSE for getting the required information on CBSE admit Card 2013.

The admit card of CBSE Improvement Exam will may or may not be posted to your homes, It depends on your CBSE region. If you get a letter from CBSE about your new exam center then you may have to collect your admit card from there.

Students appearing for CBSE Improvement Exam will get a letter from CBSE informing them about the exam center allotted to them. Then students will have to contact the exam center and collect the admit card from their respective exam centers. You may receive the admit card by post itself.

You will have to confirm from the respective exam center that weather they have collected the admit cards from the CBSE for you or not. Generally they collect the admit cards from CBSE by 15th February and allow students to collect admit cards from there by 25th February. Kindly note that these dates can change and you should contact your exam center as soon as you get the letter from CBSE.

If you don’t get the admit card even 2-3 days before the exam then you should Contact CBSE offices at your nearby location.

CBSE Private Candidate Admit Card 2014

Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) governs the regular as well as private exams for providing the comprehensive education to the students. The private exams are for those students who have not managed to pass the regular exam and want to reappear in the subsequent Board Exam. The private forms can be filled in for the class 10th and class 12th standards. The forms are made available in the regional offices of the CBSE in the months of Sept/Oct. it can be obtained by filling up the Application Form, three photographs of passport size and paying the charges within the last date. The Admit Card for the exams can be obtained from the official website or from the Regional Offices of the CBSE.

Procedure to Download Admit Card for CBSE Private Exam:

1. Visit the official link of the CBSE and open the link for the CBSE Private Admit Card for Class 10th or Class 12th.
2. Enter the details such as Name, Date of Birth, and Father’s Name Etc. in the spaces provided and gets the Admit Card through online.
3. Print this Admission Card so as to bring it on the exam dates. Information regarding Admit Card for the private exam can also be received from the Regional Offices of the CBSE and in case, the Admit Card is lost, it can be issued from the R.O against the submission of application and charges required.
NOTE: The Admit Card for the theory paper exams should be retained till the marks card or qualifying status for the exam is received. Students can get more info regarding CBSE Private Admit Card from the Official Website of the CBSE: cbse.nic.in

Click here to download Admit Card

Pradeep Singh

List of Syndicate Bank Branches for CBSE 12th Improvement 2014-15

2012-09-09T00:50:00.000-07:00

CBSE students who are willing to apply for the improvement exam or the Private Candidates who are from Delhi or NCR can get examination form and deposit forms at the following branches of Syndicate Bank in Delhi/New Delhi area.
Private forms can be submitted to the said branches of Syndicate bank along with the examination fee. All the details about eligibility criteria and other procedure is mentioned in the form-cum-prospectus.
The application forms for Improvement examination will be available from July onward. You can purchase the forms of class X and XII from these syndicate bank branches in Delhi. Kindly note that application forms for private/Improvement Candidate will be available in these branches during normal business hours i.e.10.00 A.M. to 02.00 P.M.
*Marked branches where the timings will be 9.00 A.M. to 1.00 P.M.

LIST OF SYNDICATE BANKS

Sr.	Name of Branch	Address	Weekly Off
1.	East Patel Nagar	Sethi Bhawan, Rajendra Place	Sunday
2.	R K Puram	Tamil Sangam Building, Sec. 5, R K Puram	Sunday
3.	Old Rajinder Nagar	Old Rajinder Nagar Main Market	Monday
4.	Peera Garhi	DTC Depot, Outer Ring Road	Sunday
5.	Asaf Ali Road	Asaf Ali Road, Humdard Building	Sunday
6.	Azad Pur	A-257, G. T. Karnal Road, Derawal Nagar, Azad Pur	Wednesday
7.	Najafgarh	1643, Thana Road, Najafgarh	Sunday
8.	Punjabi Bagh	Building No. 2 and 3, Central Market, Main West Punjabi Bagh	Sunday
9.	Kashmere Gate	Church Road Near Ritz Cinema	Sunday
10.	Lajpat Nagar-IV	Delhi Institute for Hotel Management, Behind Lady Sriram College for Women	Sunday
11.	Nangloi	1 Najafgarh Road	Monday
12.	Narela	2114, Bawana Road	Sunday
13.	Mayur Vihar	A-1, Acharya Niketan, Mayur Vihar Phase-1	Sunday
14.	Patparganj	DTC Depot	Sunday
15.	I. P. Estate	Bahadur Shah Jafar Marg	Sunday
16.	Ashok Vihar	Central Market Near Deep Cinema	Monday
17.	Hauz Khas	2, Kaushalaya Marg Park	Sunday
*18.	Yamuna Vihar	DTC Depot	Sunday
*19.	Nand Nagari	DTC Depot	Monday
20.	Seema Puri	DTC Depot	Sunday
*21.	Dev Nagar	16B/6 D B Gupta Road	Monday
22.	G.T.B. Nagar	Kingsway Camp GTB Nagar	Sunday
23.	Janak Puri	C-31, Community Center Near Janak Cinema	Sunday
24.	Malviya Nagar	C-35, Malviya Nagar V	Sunday
25.	Rohini	CSC-2 Competent Plaza Comm Complex Sec. 5, Rohini	Sunday
26.	K.G. Marg	Connaught Place, Jevan Prakash Building	Sunday
27.	Nirman Vihar	Vikas Marg	Sunday
28.	Sukhdev Vihar	Okhla DTC Depot	Sunday
29.	Uttam Nagar	WZ-13 A and B, Main Najafgarh Road	Sunday
30.	Paschim Vihar	B-2 DDA Market, opp. Gurudwara, Paschim Vihar	Sunday