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Murphy"/><category term="número"/><category term="objeto formal"/><category term="objeto material"/><category term="observatorio del empleo"/><category term="operador de horma"/><category term="optimización"/><category term="perturbación de los datos"/><category term="población"/><category term="poemas matemáticos"/><category term="poesía"/><category term="poster"/><category term="poster latex"/><category term="postgrado en el exterior"/><category term="precarización laboral"/><category term="predicción"/><category term="procesador de texto"/><category term="programa R"/><category term="programa libre"/><category term="qcc"/><category term="rango de una matriz"/><category term="referencias bibliográficas"/><category term="reglamento estadístico"/><category term="regresión logística"/><category term="regularidad estadística"/><category term="relax"/><category term="rpivotTable"/><category term="sciposter"/><category term="serial XLSTAT"/><category term="sexo"/><category term="sigma álgebra"/><category term="simposio de estadística"/><category term="simulación"/><category term="software gratis"/><category term="software libre"/><category term="statistics"/><category term="sudoku"/><category term="sueños"/><category term="tablas dinámicas"/><category term="tamaño de muestra"/><category term="tecnología"/><category term="torres de Hanoi"/><category term="técnicas de estadística"/><category term="tío petros"/><category term="variables aleatorias"/><category term="variación"/><category term="xkcd"/><title type='text'>Bitácoras en estadística</title><subtitle type='html'>Se o mundo não têm nenhum conhecimento da variação estatística dos dados, não podia interpretar o mundo em que vivemos.</subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' 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&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 1em 0px;&quot;&gt;
Una herramienta práctica para realizar conteos o tablas de contingencia son las tablas dinámicas. Algunos programas de hojas de calculo permiten realizar tablas dinámicas de forma interactiva. &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 1em 0px;&quot;&gt;
Ahora lo interesante es que con R también se puede realizar esto. El paquete &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/smartinsightsfromdata/rpivotTable&quot; style=&quot;color: #3333ee; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;rpivotTable&lt;/a&gt;, permite realizar tablas dinámicas como Excel. &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;margin: 1em 0px;&quot;&gt;
Ejemplo 1&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 1em 0px;&quot;&gt;
Para ello utilizaremos la siguiente &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.r-bloggers.com/pivot-tables-in-r/&quot; style=&quot;color: #3333ee; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;base como ejemplo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;pre style=&quot;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace; font-size: 0.85em; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px; overflow: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;hljs language-R&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #f8f8f8; background: rgb(248, 248, 255); border-radius: 3px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); color: #333333; display: block; display: inline; font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace; font-size: 0.85em; margin: 0px 0.15em; padding: 0.5em 0.7em; padding: 0.5em; padding: 0px 0.3em; white-space: nowrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; genes = paste(&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-string&quot;&gt;&#39;MMP&#39;&lt;/span&gt;, sprintf(&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-string&quot;&gt;&quot;%04d&quot;&lt;/span&gt;,&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-number&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-number&quot;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;), sep=&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-string&quot;&gt;&quot;&quot;&lt;/span&gt;)
&amp;gt; data = expand.grid(gene=genes, condition=c(&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-string&quot;&gt;&#39;copper&#39;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class=&quot;hljs-string&quot;&gt;&#39;cheetos&#39;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class=&quot;hljs-string&quot;&gt;&#39;beer&#39;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class=&quot;hljs-string&quot;&gt;&#39;pizza&#39;&lt;/span&gt;))
&amp;gt; data$value = rnorm(&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-number&quot;&gt;40&lt;/span&gt;)
&amp;gt; head(data)
     gene condition      value
&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-number&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; MMP0001    copper  &lt;span class=&quot;hljs-number&quot;&gt;1.6562436&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-number&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; MMP0002    copper  &lt;span class=&quot;hljs-number&quot;&gt;0.1809676&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-number&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; MMP0003    copper -&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-number&quot;&gt;1.1397017&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-number&quot;&gt;4&lt;/span&gt; MMP0004    copper  &lt;span class=&quot;hljs-number&quot;&gt;0.7807000&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-number&quot;&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; MMP0005    copper -&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-number&quot;&gt;0.9886788&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-number&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt; MMP0006    copper -&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-number&quot;&gt;0.8915092&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 1em 0px;&quot;&gt;
Ahora, mediante las siguientes lineas, construimos y utilizamos el paquete en mención&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;pre style=&quot;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace; font-size: 0.85em; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px; overflow: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;hljs language-R&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #f8f8f8; background: rgb(248, 248, 255); border-radius: 3px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); color: #333333; display: block; display: inline; font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace; font-size: 0.85em; margin: 0px 0.15em; padding: 0.5em 0.7em; padding: 0.5em; padding: 0px 0.3em; white-space: nowrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;install.packages(&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-string&quot;&gt;&quot;devtools&quot;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-keyword&quot;&gt;library&lt;/span&gt;(devtools)
install_github(&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-string&quot;&gt;&quot;ramnathv/htmlwidgets&quot;&lt;/span&gt;)
install_github(&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-string&quot;&gt;&quot;smartinsightsfromdata/rpivotTable&quot;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-comment&quot;&gt;## Load rpivotTable&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-keyword&quot;&gt;library&lt;/span&gt;(rpivotTable)
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 1em 0px;&quot;&gt;
Ahora construimos la tabla dinámica de la siguiente manera&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;pre style=&quot;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace; font-size: 0.85em; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px; overflow: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;hljs language-R&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #f8f8f8; background: rgb(248, 248, 255); border-radius: 3px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); color: #333333; display: block; display: inline; font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace; font-size: 0.85em; margin: 0px 0.15em; padding: 0.5em 0.7em; padding: 0.5em; padding: 0px 0.3em; white-space: nowrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;
rpivotTable(data, rows=&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-string&quot;&gt;&quot;gene&quot;&lt;/span&gt;, col=&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-string&quot;&gt;&quot;condition&quot;&lt;/span&gt;, aggregatorName=&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-string&quot;&gt;&quot;Average&quot;&lt;/span&gt;, vals=&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-string&quot;&gt;&quot;value&quot;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 1em 0px;&quot;&gt;
El resultado&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 1em 0px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIjrezXPP0vAYdEdZA4_l8wvzMXGySKWQD9nu9HsLFMSqnI6NQkxUG3ofElZJbqSmx5a4qG2Ux7P9hZbP8zlwR-7Aw8P-SPFzsi4efviah-ssMbKqe-W5L7HbybXIFd1Oqi7aYNArQKiRa/s1600/Tabla.png&quot; style=&quot;color: #3333ee; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIjrezXPP0vAYdEdZA4_l8wvzMXGySKWQD9nu9HsLFMSqnI6NQkxUG3ofElZJbqSmx5a4qG2Ux7P9hZbP8zlwR-7Aw8P-SPFzsi4efviah-ssMbKqe-W5L7HbybXIFd1Oqi7aYNArQKiRa/s1600/Tabla.png&quot; height=&quot;256&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;margin: 1em 0px;&quot;&gt;
Ejemplo 2&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 1em 0px;&quot;&gt;
Utilizando la base de mtcars, miremos cual es el promedio de millas por galón (mpg) según el número de cambios (gear) y el número de cilindros (cyl) &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;pre style=&quot;font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace; font-size: 0.85em; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 1em 0px; overflow: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;hljs language-R&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #f8f8f8; background: rgb(248, 248, 255); border-radius: 3px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); color: #333333; display: block; display: inline; font-family: Consolas, Inconsolata, Courier, monospace; font-size: 0.85em; margin: 0px 0.15em; padding: 0.5em 0.7em; padding: 0.5em; padding: 0px 0.3em; white-space: nowrap; white-space: pre;&quot;&gt;data(mtcars)
&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-comment&quot;&gt;## One line to create pivot table&lt;/span&gt;
rpivotTable(mtcars, rows=&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-string&quot;&gt;&quot;gear&quot;&lt;/span&gt;, col=&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-string&quot;&gt;&quot;cyl&quot;&lt;/span&gt;, aggregatorName=&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-string&quot;&gt;&quot;Average&quot;&lt;/span&gt;, vals=&lt;span class=&quot;hljs-string&quot;&gt;&quot;mpg&quot;&lt;/span&gt;)
&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 1em 0px;&quot;&gt;
El resultado&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7bNFhkgF0khyphenhyphen-fJVSYVvKeYZ8pO8_RZUeWp6y2PfQnux1vcqQnOoUXPEKDtu0xiTwtZHqPmDChAV8zsJh-ZnNVoA-O0jWkfU_ReFRX5m39JTx-B9qtpcnx00pTtHJ6bvH41OtWz_yPIbe/s1600/Tabla2.png&quot; style=&quot;color: #3333ee; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7bNFhkgF0khyphenhyphen-fJVSYVvKeYZ8pO8_RZUeWp6y2PfQnux1vcqQnOoUXPEKDtu0xiTwtZHqPmDChAV8zsJh-ZnNVoA-O0jWkfU_ReFRX5m39JTx-B9qtpcnx00pTtHJ6bvH41OtWz_yPIbe/s1600/Tabla2.png&quot; height=&quot;146&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ahora utilizando la tabla contemos cuantos carros según le número de cambios y el número de cilindros tiene la base&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEt6oV4TCrsF705TS0zRC4wDPwGKJ2WHzshzjFCzxCGQ_zM299NAO5CTfA9ftKPTxtEsTcoA7PLyQuSqKlGLvTFaEx8pWsoyYBmGRsSYJO-Z6QrTBsY_hfiThAPuCMGUVBz5ZFCLA6BIlf/s1600/Tabla3.png&quot; style=&quot;color: #3333ee; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEt6oV4TCrsF705TS0zRC4wDPwGKJ2WHzshzjFCzxCGQ_zM299NAO5CTfA9ftKPTxtEsTcoA7PLyQuSqKlGLvTFaEx8pWsoyYBmGRsSYJO-Z6QrTBsY_hfiThAPuCMGUVBz5ZFCLA6BIlf/s1600/Tabla3.png&quot; height=&quot;127&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Miremos el resultado anterior gráficamente&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_kVkoEEX68qqyzVfJfUuklPzZ5aOk0aN0z1jJ2Xa7lHNKlrOyDb-ddY8uhCSj_-tYCVGyTTnwX8cAaYiBcgrNfd7qWhJ7M4I15ifg3mAQ38cER122cjG71NnbrcYOaItxrVPTkv7pthjO/s1600/Tabla4.png&quot; style=&quot;color: #3333ee; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_kVkoEEX68qqyzVfJfUuklPzZ5aOk0aN0z1jJ2Xa7lHNKlrOyDb-ddY8uhCSj_-tYCVGyTTnwX8cAaYiBcgrNfd7qWhJ7M4I15ifg3mAQ38cER122cjG71NnbrcYOaItxrVPTkv7pthjO/s1600/Tabla4.png&quot; height=&quot;298&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Por último, un ejemplo de las diferentes aplicaciones al estilo &lt;a href=&quot;http://nicolas.kruchten.com/pivottable/examples/&quot; style=&quot;color: #3333ee; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Nicolas Kruchten&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://nicolas.kruchten.com/pivottable/images/animation.gif&quot; style=&quot;color: #3333ee; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://nicolas.kruchten.com/pivottable/images/animation.gif&quot; height=&quot;236&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div id=&quot;MotionChartID11cc7ce91d7a&quot; style=&quot;height: 600; width: 500;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/1481072192851210615/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/08/prueba.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/1481072192851210615'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/1481072192851210615'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/08/prueba.html' title='Prueba'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-9078465374193690606</id><published>2014-06-19T12:18:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2014-06-19T12:18:50.964-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="#PredictiveFIFA2014"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Futbol"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="mundial"/><title type='text'>#PredictiveFIFA2014 (Día 8)</title><content type='html'>Hoy se juegan 3 partidos. A continuación analizaremos las probabilidades de cada uno de los resultados como también los posibles marcadores.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Colombia vs Costa de Marfíl&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGukw2YLxLa6aJbFPy42HgKdd1A1I2K7xMTDgZCKTRauUulgk4FwbRdO9K95tavOKg1Pq7EC6_Lo-1-ndAVVpp5ZxJ-MT5Ki-5zrGxedVDP9-woyorAyHJkInzlIQKxMqXRuNtgWeSHM8C/s1600/Rplot.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGukw2YLxLa6aJbFPy42HgKdd1A1I2K7xMTDgZCKTRauUulgk4FwbRdO9K95tavOKg1Pq7EC6_Lo-1-ndAVVpp5ZxJ-MT5Ki-5zrGxedVDP9-woyorAyHJkInzlIQKxMqXRuNtgWeSHM8C/s1600/Rplot.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMhel0dhhlKENNJKMgoIuXefXm_njm7FlnnrxQjea_ajZhvlcjf2zWOMV3KztGAWbzzpl71nsFUo7tn8KdT_oDbmkLkMSqiSG92dnN-fsN0slSvhBx8PhhtH4nzz_gPBBBlWGcH4mHqMB9/s1600/Rplot01.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMhel0dhhlKENNJKMgoIuXefXm_njm7FlnnrxQjea_ajZhvlcjf2zWOMV3KztGAWbzzpl71nsFUo7tn8KdT_oDbmkLkMSqiSG92dnN-fsN0slSvhBx8PhhtH4nzz_gPBBBlWGcH4mHqMB9/s1600/Rplot01.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Notese que el favoritismo está para Colombia, sin embargo, al analizar los posibles marcadores notamos que los marcadores más probables son: Colombia 1 Costa de Marfil 1 (9%), Colombia 2 Costa de Marfil 1 (8.8%), Colombia 1 Costa de Marfil 0 (6.8%), Colombia 2 Costa de Marfil 0 (6.6%), Colombia 1 Costa de Marfil 2 (6.2%).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Inglaterra vs Uruguay&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPDJXOLhNHuhlQtFoiLoemxGvdcfS8oEwCKfBIIjqPBQIYKGND6kld65V4RGKnC_PhUCRwEMEi8J-WZFIy4IDfw4fVbSt8mjWf4TuJ87lkfoLUdq8klPiMV0uwFe2f7q9LwuxLxtxQIcVU/s1600/Rplot02.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPDJXOLhNHuhlQtFoiLoemxGvdcfS8oEwCKfBIIjqPBQIYKGND6kld65V4RGKnC_PhUCRwEMEi8J-WZFIy4IDfw4fVbSt8mjWf4TuJ87lkfoLUdq8klPiMV0uwFe2f7q9LwuxLxtxQIcVU/s1600/Rplot02.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEc8tZwGIfXKtoLi8dGwGXB1hfMvLCblqsMYrkkP68dgoCdDru6y-hwFhXj-wd1epqlYzK0ZtHMhL-hViRztANxBcQih__tSYNITqEtIoeJGR36TxU5A_Ey5GyJue5izE_2TBOmgFLFtxd/s1600/Rplot03.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEc8tZwGIfXKtoLi8dGwGXB1hfMvLCblqsMYrkkP68dgoCdDru6y-hwFhXj-wd1epqlYzK0ZtHMhL-hViRztANxBcQih__tSYNITqEtIoeJGR36TxU5A_Ey5GyJue5izE_2TBOmgFLFtxd/s1600/Rplot03.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
En esté partido no se observa un favoritismo claramente. Al analizar los posibles marcadores notamos que los marcadores más probables son: Inglaterra 1 Uruguay 1 (9.9%), Inglaterra 2 Uruguay 1 (8.1%), Inglaterra 1 Uruguay 2 (7.6%), Inglaterra 1 Uruguay 0 (6.7%), Inglaterra 0 Uruguay 1 (6.3%).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Japón vs Grecia&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCdCXEneiU-4SUhh5f2-cisgwduonJRoldaRwTLewPKFwl3PKLbWmgu2KXOLa1Gv4M47qDSEZ5jNdZtPSxWIERargRHehJQCvj27MPWFAVf0BiM3N8aAr__VjetwVmbuLL9VMBA46F9vJr/s1600/Rplot04.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCdCXEneiU-4SUhh5f2-cisgwduonJRoldaRwTLewPKFwl3PKLbWmgu2KXOLa1Gv4M47qDSEZ5jNdZtPSxWIERargRHehJQCvj27MPWFAVf0BiM3N8aAr__VjetwVmbuLL9VMBA46F9vJr/s1600/Rplot04.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGr_DsFRhOBdWkKNbgJqueNumAHl3oXyvQe-0D0A0tjRlVHlKkgR7zhGTmoDOPX-JJaCwIhl6oPrDHlONOuqWCxR2qAAAFvtsnU5OxJuZy-t8L0BSo4gRLHpoojsxJii4D1g51SZ0464Dm/s1600/Rplot05.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGr_DsFRhOBdWkKNbgJqueNumAHl3oXyvQe-0D0A0tjRlVHlKkgR7zhGTmoDOPX-JJaCwIhl6oPrDHlONOuqWCxR2qAAAFvtsnU5OxJuZy-t8L0BSo4gRLHpoojsxJii4D1g51SZ0464Dm/s1600/Rplot05.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Al analizar los posibles marcadores notamos que los marcadores más probables son: Japón 1 Grecia 1 (11.1%),&amp;nbsp;Japón 0 Grecia 1 (9.5%), Japón 1 Grecia 2 (8.8%), Japón 0 Grecia 2 (7.5%), Japón 1 Grecia 0 (7.3%).&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/9078465374193690606/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/06/predictivefifa2014-dia-8.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/9078465374193690606'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/9078465374193690606'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/06/predictivefifa2014-dia-8.html' title='#PredictiveFIFA2014 (Día 8)'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGukw2YLxLa6aJbFPy42HgKdd1A1I2K7xMTDgZCKTRauUulgk4FwbRdO9K95tavOKg1Pq7EC6_Lo-1-ndAVVpp5ZxJ-MT5Ki-5zrGxedVDP9-woyorAyHJkInzlIQKxMqXRuNtgWeSHM8C/s72-c/Rplot.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-5221562603062230124</id><published>2014-06-18T00:29:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2014-06-18T00:29:26.686-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="#PredictiveFIFA2014"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Futbol"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="mundial"/><title type='text'>#PredictiveFIFA2014 (Día 7)</title><content type='html'>Hoy se juegan 3 partidos. Ya le pegamos a cinco marcador y hemos sido efectivos en un 71%. A continuación analizaremos las probabilidades de cada uno de los resultados como también los posibles marcadores.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Camerún vs Croacia&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIwyJDac4w3uhDuEYNtRS5pBlZBEbqHrGdyw-kq4VCXb6onpmP4Z8Sk-4Sh54gaZQMRs-J9d8LkwJG-3Ker-smathn8OcThlgbXxgh-Hh_khBl4louPyq4iCiMeJm_vpZdmHHaGtk2cj9v/s1600/Rplot.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIwyJDac4w3uhDuEYNtRS5pBlZBEbqHrGdyw-kq4VCXb6onpmP4Z8Sk-4Sh54gaZQMRs-J9d8LkwJG-3Ker-smathn8OcThlgbXxgh-Hh_khBl4louPyq4iCiMeJm_vpZdmHHaGtk2cj9v/s1600/Rplot.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgV8FJTXpo1_O3_0bwvxSNDBxObUhHPWVyVL3z7oJEO3PMum7cXANbNAr7JLrLY-zHSASbYYFnyL4MnKLA9Zni_tR1Z7Ha8cnx_krgKR07ELV0Sb7ekYVUYB8UXKzCiw1n5hy5cE5YVCB1K/s1600/Rplot01.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgV8FJTXpo1_O3_0bwvxSNDBxObUhHPWVyVL3z7oJEO3PMum7cXANbNAr7JLrLY-zHSASbYYFnyL4MnKLA9Zni_tR1Z7Ha8cnx_krgKR07ELV0Sb7ekYVUYB8UXKzCiw1n5hy5cE5YVCB1K/s1600/Rplot01.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Al analizar los posibles marcadores notamos que los marcadores más probables son: Camerún 0 Croacia 1 (12.2%), Camerún 1 Croacia 1 (10.6%), Camerún 0 Croacia 2 (10.6%), Camerún 1 Croacia 2 (9.2%), Camerún 0 Croacia 0 (7.3%).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
España vs Chile&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihdPg2_G0Jk7CXX0vKtKMjX6OMnwOG9u52gfuYNA6iofVKXpKfhca6_EKLSfN5UvcvstDrNRrIPsbhe0QVIrOBeYVbNSEAS0zKd2vz1DilYW8hMFFfbztXv81yGdQBg51hhfkMjDKI3uly/s1600/Rplot02.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihdPg2_G0Jk7CXX0vKtKMjX6OMnwOG9u52gfuYNA6iofVKXpKfhca6_EKLSfN5UvcvstDrNRrIPsbhe0QVIrOBeYVbNSEAS0zKd2vz1DilYW8hMFFfbztXv81yGdQBg51hhfkMjDKI3uly/s1600/Rplot02.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6xL3Hajmh9JCcT-aXv0cd898Vcv0VmDboKAZLAIfWxHLuN_IAXMLeCpx3-rQmt48ORriMXaru1JE8F98qzPhO9HGhe-ohYOe5xtvtyDi_keiRsp4lxU_F0BIaHDiHu5Nu0_PhwXWN0rrh/s1600/Rplot03.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6xL3Hajmh9JCcT-aXv0cd898Vcv0VmDboKAZLAIfWxHLuN_IAXMLeCpx3-rQmt48ORriMXaru1JE8F98qzPhO9HGhe-ohYOe5xtvtyDi_keiRsp4lxU_F0BIaHDiHu5Nu0_PhwXWN0rrh/s1600/Rplot03.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Al analizar los posibles marcadores notamos que los marcadores más probables son: Chile 1 España 2 (9.2%), Chile 1 España 1 (8.5%), Chile 0 España 2 (8.3%), Chile 0 España 1 (7.8%), Chile 1 España 3 (6.8%).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Australia vs Holanda&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFTw1xtCgx5i6sG48lDYqNPQUZvCCPWMOyN-2sqBDEsf4TMZnhLdpOXPeQzjr7F9NOj9j_FmC2lPwqR-w3oRktvBftwFpCVANfUa6kjbpePMC-KBHO3F2_Fh91MmNVBxQ81fiGGOKXunBu/s1600/Rplot04.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFTw1xtCgx5i6sG48lDYqNPQUZvCCPWMOyN-2sqBDEsf4TMZnhLdpOXPeQzjr7F9NOj9j_FmC2lPwqR-w3oRktvBftwFpCVANfUa6kjbpePMC-KBHO3F2_Fh91MmNVBxQ81fiGGOKXunBu/s1600/Rplot04.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhurDutGpyo3SKa3Axtu3rvemi3gIooLYKVI3pyz2FDsmIEddxiRKZ1YPWUJGne5MUcid2ERJQjvXpKdeNjuaI7DPYhSqfYomux3776OHaYj32C5e4PgX5rBgD6cwnna0BgF1KuKW_Um19a/s1600/Rplot05.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhurDutGpyo3SKa3Axtu3rvemi3gIooLYKVI3pyz2FDsmIEddxiRKZ1YPWUJGne5MUcid2ERJQjvXpKdeNjuaI7DPYhSqfYomux3776OHaYj32C5e4PgX5rBgD6cwnna0BgF1KuKW_Um19a/s1600/Rplot05.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Al analizar los posibles marcadores notamos que los marcadores más probables son: Australia 1 Holanda 3 (6.6%), Australia 1 Holanda 2 (6.3%), Australia 1 Holanda 4 (5.4%), Australia 2 Holanda 3 (5.2%), Australia 2 Holanda 2 (5%).&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/5221562603062230124/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/06/predictivefifa2014-dia-7.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/5221562603062230124'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/5221562603062230124'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/06/predictivefifa2014-dia-7.html' title='#PredictiveFIFA2014 (Día 7)'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIwyJDac4w3uhDuEYNtRS5pBlZBEbqHrGdyw-kq4VCXb6onpmP4Z8Sk-4Sh54gaZQMRs-J9d8LkwJG-3Ker-smathn8OcThlgbXxgh-Hh_khBl4louPyq4iCiMeJm_vpZdmHHaGtk2cj9v/s72-c/Rplot.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-4760570554314293470</id><published>2014-06-17T01:40:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2014-06-17T01:40:15.801-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="#PredictiveFIFA2014"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Futbol"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="mundial"/><title type='text'>#PredictiveFIFA2014 (Día 6)</title><content type='html'>Hoy se juegan 3 partidos. Ya le pegamos a cuatro marcador y hemos sido efectivos en un 79%. A continuación analizaremos las probabilidades de cada uno de los resultados como también los posibles marcadores.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Brasil vs México&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdlU8-Rq-_-yPzeTCzsqf5ooZnbaSnV8Pu10v5w8hBHR4w-o084-oahnWG_dyuoY-WpaptY0QMaMdvUYdazMWh9S99lZuzOnuIQq9U6nbUqK4fuVOeJwjzA6ncJ3Qm49kleFqf5bg4vKMD/s1600/Rplot.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdlU8-Rq-_-yPzeTCzsqf5ooZnbaSnV8Pu10v5w8hBHR4w-o084-oahnWG_dyuoY-WpaptY0QMaMdvUYdazMWh9S99lZuzOnuIQq9U6nbUqK4fuVOeJwjzA6ncJ3Qm49kleFqf5bg4vKMD/s1600/Rplot.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdBdftVWuLnEm6KI-YpFni3BUdAOLyskwd4PFwexwSNg0QTX5VqXXJ6WV4uBNu-ACc57PA1g7qHX-yMoubGXTKQtV3jnoIsC_Mvn5yLHfrpSslO7uaNqO2DHVgIMEPusYVCuuiswQibJvH/s1600/Rplot01.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdBdftVWuLnEm6KI-YpFni3BUdAOLyskwd4PFwexwSNg0QTX5VqXXJ6WV4uBNu-ACc57PA1g7qHX-yMoubGXTKQtV3jnoIsC_Mvn5yLHfrpSslO7uaNqO2DHVgIMEPusYVCuuiswQibJvH/s1600/Rplot01.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Al analizar los posibles marcadores notamos que los marcadores más probables son: Brasil 2 México 0 (9.8%), Brasil 2 México 1 (8.5%), Brasil 3 México 0 (8.5%), Brasil 1 México 0 (7.8%), Brasil 3 México 1 (7.4%).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Bélgica vs Argelia&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimgbf8Aib4t595GNXjZN6-ws6Af-Hwi2X-LuyzpP-UFyes6auw0n5Ech1TStiq1Vq8xeTk3ph2v96Etj5q9aK5gdwUutsqlAfvEPptr7F6MOGSZ4bLMNgaJ2TPV-8OZvUlNuf7SrS4pbWJ/s1600/Rplot02.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimgbf8Aib4t595GNXjZN6-ws6Af-Hwi2X-LuyzpP-UFyes6auw0n5Ech1TStiq1Vq8xeTk3ph2v96Etj5q9aK5gdwUutsqlAfvEPptr7F6MOGSZ4bLMNgaJ2TPV-8OZvUlNuf7SrS4pbWJ/s1600/Rplot02.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiKYsI54vnMbxhn3ZY1B76h-a-ekAEWKBH8rlZqdt4MBS84_ocDdH-9FREOkZV4HOCnyGKoKqgtjYJ8XvdKfmVe50TfNVwJbyc0mPLdHskT-0VU4GJIzYMe1BuzgLhlbX8_K7XVFslMYTS/s1600/Rplot03.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiKYsI54vnMbxhn3ZY1B76h-a-ekAEWKBH8rlZqdt4MBS84_ocDdH-9FREOkZV4HOCnyGKoKqgtjYJ8XvdKfmVe50TfNVwJbyc0mPLdHskT-0VU4GJIzYMe1BuzgLhlbX8_K7XVFslMYTS/s1600/Rplot03.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Al analizar los posibles marcadores notamos que los marcadores más probables son: Bélgica 1 Argelia 1 (10.6%), Bélgica 2 Argelia 1 (8.8%), Bélgica 1 Argelia 0 (8.6%), Bélgica 2 Argelia 0 (7.1%), Bélgica 2 Argelia 1 (6.9%).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Rusia vs Corea&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjl_8A71S7b_3KD3jBXv5OskO7d6uyL4aFQeb7DkE2LS7allYZyZzUkXVJe3Vck3Q7y7-u6l7gBQddoTQ6MGnQxYuvi8E6mD_QUZ3g3tNyFfOHTBdMd6jKodvE0bNLhH6D3GPCJb1VphXtQ/s1600/Rplot04.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjl_8A71S7b_3KD3jBXv5OskO7d6uyL4aFQeb7DkE2LS7allYZyZzUkXVJe3Vck3Q7y7-u6l7gBQddoTQ6MGnQxYuvi8E6mD_QUZ3g3tNyFfOHTBdMd6jKodvE0bNLhH6D3GPCJb1VphXtQ/s1600/Rplot04.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibqZ52LPOozuEYl9_Q3LnKCN59KuHbqbh_UyfciCju27EawaNzH2MfOdjjwR3GlADMtQ86L4_0K4hnufZcf8VK5qR8vrpE2Pm73ZAbvbA-7ID7T2PtjkcTG0ln4bdbfvtcejMgPqerNTQP/s1600/Rplot05.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibqZ52LPOozuEYl9_Q3LnKCN59KuHbqbh_UyfciCju27EawaNzH2MfOdjjwR3GlADMtQ86L4_0K4hnufZcf8VK5qR8vrpE2Pm73ZAbvbA-7ID7T2PtjkcTG0ln4bdbfvtcejMgPqerNTQP/s1600/Rplot05.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Notese que el favoritismo está para Rusia, sin embargo, al analizar los posibles marcadores notamos que los marcadores más probables son: Rusia 1 Corea 1 (9.8%), Rusia 1 Corea 0 (9.5%), Rusia 2 Corea 1 (9.3%), Rusia 2 Corea 0 (9%), Rusia 3 Corea 1 (6.1%).&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/4760570554314293470/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/06/predictivefifa2014-dia-6.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/4760570554314293470'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/4760570554314293470'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/06/predictivefifa2014-dia-6.html' title='#PredictiveFIFA2014 (Día 6)'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdlU8-Rq-_-yPzeTCzsqf5ooZnbaSnV8Pu10v5w8hBHR4w-o084-oahnWG_dyuoY-WpaptY0QMaMdvUYdazMWh9S99lZuzOnuIQq9U6nbUqK4fuVOeJwjzA6ncJ3Qm49kleFqf5bg4vKMD/s72-c/Rplot.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-5207997036015931756</id><published>2014-06-16T03:18:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2014-06-16T03:18:05.299-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="#PredictiveFIFA2014"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Futbol"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="mundial"/><title type='text'>#PredictiveFIFA2014 (Día 5)</title><content type='html'>Hoy se juegan 3 partidos. Ya le pegamos tres marcador y hemos acertado en quienes ganaban en un 73%. A continuación analizaremos las probabilidades de cada uno de los resultados como también los posibles marcadores.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Irán vs Nigeria&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinmwAT7jjLGvzT7LvNOOreRVhgQB1uZBUE4o6KfeVxoESvol2_LH-yxi617lF0gAAibFkCs1t0IDpPj_Q9AlmW_pTQTqRLojoG1wFwwoK7XlUFPZNeN10Nud3YKlJdWyGn12dkllscxd3S/s1600/Nigeria-Iran.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinmwAT7jjLGvzT7LvNOOreRVhgQB1uZBUE4o6KfeVxoESvol2_LH-yxi617lF0gAAibFkCs1t0IDpPj_Q9AlmW_pTQTqRLojoG1wFwwoK7XlUFPZNeN10Nud3YKlJdWyGn12dkllscxd3S/s1600/Nigeria-Iran.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdGnQuuUikJUMq64bqJ-7mIqjHWLx3a-Z669oySR-8MzeqBshyYipxZnAQBUyP9ovCqsLV5cyxwDLl1FDiWopQ3k4LHh8wN9wv0SUPiV7QpIjGe5CqzDK22o6W5HgI4M8DNgisDwm_QeDD/s1600/MarcadoresNigeria-Iran.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdGnQuuUikJUMq64bqJ-7mIqjHWLx3a-Z669oySR-8MzeqBshyYipxZnAQBUyP9ovCqsLV5cyxwDLl1FDiWopQ3k4LHh8wN9wv0SUPiV7QpIjGe5CqzDK22o6W5HgI4M8DNgisDwm_QeDD/s1600/MarcadoresNigeria-Iran.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
En esté partido no se observa un favoritismo claramente. Al analizar los posibles marcadores notamos que los marcadores más probables son: Nigeria 1 Iran 1 (11%), Nigeria 1 Iran 2 (8.2%), Nigeria 0 Iran 1 (8.1%), Nigeria 2 Iran 1 (7.8%), Nigeria 1 Iran 0 (7.8%).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Alemania vs Portugal&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFdzpPJj0NMAi-IuprLdQsEK1bI156kdDFMtE4-4_AsLNVemO7lhnPEoJdumcNmsrZF5magjgikgdHWJjM64jczn0UvhoAOdozveN_tZAyFsU2RWdnZaCCBe-hrRy_FqfmcefWmJOsyJHf/s1600/Alemania-Portugal.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFdzpPJj0NMAi-IuprLdQsEK1bI156kdDFMtE4-4_AsLNVemO7lhnPEoJdumcNmsrZF5magjgikgdHWJjM64jczn0UvhoAOdozveN_tZAyFsU2RWdnZaCCBe-hrRy_FqfmcefWmJOsyJHf/s1600/Alemania-Portugal.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvYlOVhJueVCLgXLjL2CsD8bJG0hyphenhyphengkNXfRnz26OH0R6zHurKS49dCEmD02mpp1Jj7H4DSiBv-gp_DcgxV5z8pk6GlrKGI8UvTFatrPNi688xsBys_oG25LeM4brYABGl0W0MlzZI8ZXdy/s1600/MarcadorAlemania-Portugal.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvYlOVhJueVCLgXLjL2CsD8bJG0hyphenhyphengkNXfRnz26OH0R6zHurKS49dCEmD02mpp1Jj7H4DSiBv-gp_DcgxV5z8pk6GlrKGI8UvTFatrPNi688xsBys_oG25LeM4brYABGl0W0MlzZI8ZXdy/s1600/MarcadorAlemania-Portugal.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Al analizar los posibles marcadores notamos que los marcadores más probables son: Alemania 2 Portugal 1 (8.7%), Alemania 1 Portugal 1 (7.8%), Alemania 3 Portugal 1 (6.7%), Alemania 2 Portugal 0 (6.6%), Alemania 1 Portugal 0 (5.9%).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Estados unidos vs. Ghana&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX2xVXuM3x9vahVI8bdB_qC1Yv3gly6TXp3JE3Av1jf-c-pxDTKjiTWen94bbRfUu_WrD4LYdvE9F6L2_Q9d2A7Wo6O4wXHweBFLYyP8tGFi9-ssWuf9uNJhYIj97mMUFSwkhZNAOxA0Yt/s1600/USA-Ghana.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX2xVXuM3x9vahVI8bdB_qC1Yv3gly6TXp3JE3Av1jf-c-pxDTKjiTWen94bbRfUu_WrD4LYdvE9F6L2_Q9d2A7Wo6O4wXHweBFLYyP8tGFi9-ssWuf9uNJhYIj97mMUFSwkhZNAOxA0Yt/s1600/USA-Ghana.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtuFiR2uEygNLr1LcH9-QHn60sjaeDbQ7eiBZ60_7BIUeDf9Z6rU1l0UEuiSCwIrmdWoOZbpqTzDSE_w_OC1lrWUq_IhWR8NG5AC2k1ABn-0FR17V-ePRiyo60d4wpJgV8RvElHDJfbkvq/s1600/MarcadorUSA-Ghana.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtuFiR2uEygNLr1LcH9-QHn60sjaeDbQ7eiBZ60_7BIUeDf9Z6rU1l0UEuiSCwIrmdWoOZbpqTzDSE_w_OC1lrWUq_IhWR8NG5AC2k1ABn-0FR17V-ePRiyo60d4wpJgV8RvElHDJfbkvq/s1600/MarcadorUSA-Ghana.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Al analizar los posibles marcadores notamos que los marcadores más probables son: USA 2 Ghana 1 (9.1%),&amp;nbsp;USA 1 Ghana 1 (8.9%), USA 2 Ghana 0 (7.7%), USA 1 Ghana 0 (7.5%), USA 3 Ghana 1 (6.5%) .</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/5207997036015931756/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/06/predictivefifa2014-dia-5.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/5207997036015931756'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/5207997036015931756'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/06/predictivefifa2014-dia-5.html' title='#PredictiveFIFA2014 (Día 5)'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinmwAT7jjLGvzT7LvNOOreRVhgQB1uZBUE4o6KfeVxoESvol2_LH-yxi617lF0gAAibFkCs1t0IDpPj_Q9AlmW_pTQTqRLojoG1wFwwoK7XlUFPZNeN10Nud3YKlJdWyGn12dkllscxd3S/s72-c/Nigeria-Iran.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-7501692883279221366</id><published>2014-06-15T11:39:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2014-06-15T11:40:06.658-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="#PredictiveFIFA2014"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Futbol"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="mundial"/><title type='text'>#PredictiveFIFA2014 (Día 4)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
Hoy se juegan 3 partidos. Luego de estudiar como vamos pues vamos bien, ya le pegamos a un marcador y hemos acertado en quienes ganaban en un 63%. A continuación analizaremos las probabilidades de cada uno de los resultados como también los posibles marcadores.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Suiza vs Ecuador&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjH0xPvNMSaDvXiPlhrl8bK4Rs5_0R7a70Ig-OEGB9Cvm_LC_XpoIcWu-wMVoxcVtgnEnb-36_NyBCrm5rRTnJc2fOw8YxMGPQ0NB-wWAjran0NvLLOGwM618wzb40ovCirFhfo1cdbVmLN/s1600/Suiza-Ecuador.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjH0xPvNMSaDvXiPlhrl8bK4Rs5_0R7a70Ig-OEGB9Cvm_LC_XpoIcWu-wMVoxcVtgnEnb-36_NyBCrm5rRTnJc2fOw8YxMGPQ0NB-wWAjran0NvLLOGwM618wzb40ovCirFhfo1cdbVmLN/s1600/Suiza-Ecuador.png&quot; height=&quot;226&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=919592615853564798&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjieuWz4ovznRYAlev48lexeFS-L8J-U0_xKXCQGrm-t8G1IGERyGMjY2jx6Nt_QAI1CHsatwGPIw_7oHMQq-U_YkBW1UfpWB-yf0aF5TYN1iK7NWijKuNIg16CKQuCLErGN1WWag7WhAkz/s1600/MarcadorSuiza-Ecuador.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjieuWz4ovznRYAlev48lexeFS-L8J-U0_xKXCQGrm-t8G1IGERyGMjY2jx6Nt_QAI1CHsatwGPIw_7oHMQq-U_YkBW1UfpWB-yf0aF5TYN1iK7NWijKuNIg16CKQuCLErGN1WWag7WhAkz/s1600/MarcadorSuiza-Ecuador.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Al analizar los posibles marcadores notamos que los marcadores más probables son: Suiza 2 Ecuador 1 (9.1%), Suiza 1 Ecuador 1 (8.6%), Suiza 2 Ecuador 0 (7.8%), Suiza 1 Ecuador 0 (7.4%), Suiza 3 Ecuador 1 (6.6%).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Francia vs Honduras&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGS5WePgnbmMjSDRGRGY3BCQUd-w1OPtu1fh8UiT9L9OITdcEDU_7pUKfXkNEkyGFfQ5HhJswBB-xLRdthNTVGuEMEbQOw9wtmaciCPexkkkeBhORCPW8i0oewgV8OU_W6bfc_jQQG12-C/s1600/Francia-Honduras.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGS5WePgnbmMjSDRGRGY3BCQUd-w1OPtu1fh8UiT9L9OITdcEDU_7pUKfXkNEkyGFfQ5HhJswBB-xLRdthNTVGuEMEbQOw9wtmaciCPexkkkeBhORCPW8i0oewgV8OU_W6bfc_jQQG12-C/s1600/Francia-Honduras.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgz2Xk9mxw-rvQuA_syNdDVKzZQS629efd1ownajs2gTP_ihSTN1GcneLw0sCrxm075mqVy55vgRImFhPAjBdnxLl8GW5lJRzplJDqb_D_h3ATTNTt7O_5bqBHakixEBotgFk42cxTPgwM6/s1600/MarcadoresFrancia-Honduras.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgz2Xk9mxw-rvQuA_syNdDVKzZQS629efd1ownajs2gTP_ihSTN1GcneLw0sCrxm075mqVy55vgRImFhPAjBdnxLl8GW5lJRzplJDqb_D_h3ATTNTt7O_5bqBHakixEBotgFk42cxTPgwM6/s1600/MarcadoresFrancia-Honduras.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
En esté partido no se observa un favoritismo claramente.&amp;nbsp;Al analizar los posibles marcadores notamos que los marcadores más probables son: Francia 1 Honduras 1 (11.3%), Francia 1 Honduras 0 (9.4%), Francia 2 Honduras 1 (8.7%), Francia 0 Honduras 1 (7.7%), Francia 2 Honduras 0 (7.2%).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Argentina vs Bosnia&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4izeuAQZX1T4Suj4V7h_EvGPySuBxW2jjSLaSNtTv61nexGRoqZ7gmL9SDR4EcQ2w9Th-pz8chpZycAuVpd-x8x2p9K2gC2NZDgqw2nMmzTkpNJuRRW1nY5Qrn1qcQiTyVeuhmaex4Sl5/s1600/Argentina-Bosnia.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4izeuAQZX1T4Suj4V7h_EvGPySuBxW2jjSLaSNtTv61nexGRoqZ7gmL9SDR4EcQ2w9Th-pz8chpZycAuVpd-x8x2p9K2gC2NZDgqw2nMmzTkpNJuRRW1nY5Qrn1qcQiTyVeuhmaex4Sl5/s1600/Argentina-Bosnia.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxaRgIuhHHJHzOyPGBuxNuxdfiU1ZpgnAXrVjY4rwEQeXkzlCiRqC8-C_ADWkSXH4qnGnqQ-s5hthpUfccKzh3eT1lh54qH9OCER4Ie1jkVd5CFvmuundAowmV4Fz0Vc3v5sFNtaSZuWKq/s1600/MarcadorArgentina-Bosnia.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxaRgIuhHHJHzOyPGBuxNuxdfiU1ZpgnAXrVjY4rwEQeXkzlCiRqC8-C_ADWkSXH4qnGnqQ-s5hthpUfccKzh3eT1lh54qH9OCER4Ie1jkVd5CFvmuundAowmV4Fz0Vc3v5sFNtaSZuWKq/s1600/MarcadorArgentina-Bosnia.png&quot; height=&quot;227&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Al analizar los posibles marcadores notamos que los marcadores más probables son: Argentina 2 Bosnia 1 (8.6%), Argentina 1 Bosnia 1 (8.3%), Argentina 2 Bosnia 2 (8.6%), Argentina 3 Bosnia 1 (6.1%), Argentina 2 Bosnia 0 (6.1%).&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/7501692883279221366/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/06/predictivefifa2014-dia-4.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/7501692883279221366'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/7501692883279221366'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/06/predictivefifa2014-dia-4.html' title='#PredictiveFIFA2014 (Día 4)'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjH0xPvNMSaDvXiPlhrl8bK4Rs5_0R7a70Ig-OEGB9Cvm_LC_XpoIcWu-wMVoxcVtgnEnb-36_NyBCrm5rRTnJc2fOw8YxMGPQ0NB-wWAjran0NvLLOGwM618wzb40ovCirFhfo1cdbVmLN/s72-c/Suiza-Ecuador.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-4150404223379419028</id><published>2014-06-14T11:38:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2014-06-14T11:38:10.567-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="#PredictiveFIFA2014"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Futbol"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="mundial"/><title type='text'>#PredictiveFIFA2014 (Día 3)</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Hoy se juegan cuatros partidos. A continuación analizaremos las probabilidades de cada uno de los resultados como también los posibles marcadores utilizando el &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/p/predictivefifa2014.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;modelo que proponemos&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Colombia vs Grecia&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: inherit; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjc_My-ZRlph2kh-V19MaFyPviuq11jE15hM850U1j5bboRbSnf2JhNpZt9z0GF2AujwYjxJj4NIY9PRk3rtDJQqwFRAMApC6crr2V6GRmCuISe6LuSY1P9Sj-2RqCppTjx_XjdoRNwyrXc/s1600/Colombia-Grecia.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjc_My-ZRlph2kh-V19MaFyPviuq11jE15hM850U1j5bboRbSnf2JhNpZt9z0GF2AujwYjxJj4NIY9PRk3rtDJQqwFRAMApC6crr2V6GRmCuISe6LuSY1P9Sj-2RqCppTjx_XjdoRNwyrXc/s1600/Colombia-Grecia.png&quot; height=&quot;226&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3VFrcYCZvjAA7nPrmXVWGQqY2PRiBFLfe6R4P4fTm_d5erTXpbHnyiMoECCKF2d_ECcPUhH4lcGY9q9eaGJycEg3Dk0JR0UC-B7qxupdmfpQsqCPNkXK8SGE33QVL2oqvGaUiQTTUwBNM/s1600/MarcadorColombia-Grecia.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3VFrcYCZvjAA7nPrmXVWGQqY2PRiBFLfe6R4P4fTm_d5erTXpbHnyiMoECCKF2d_ECcPUhH4lcGY9q9eaGJycEg3Dk0JR0UC-B7qxupdmfpQsqCPNkXK8SGE33QVL2oqvGaUiQTTUwBNM/s1600/MarcadorColombia-Grecia.png&quot; height=&quot;233&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Claramente Colombia tienen el favoritismo. Sin embargo, no la tiene fácil. Rankeando los marcadores entre los cinco primeros tenemos los&amp;nbsp;siguientes&amp;nbsp;marcadores: Colombia 1 - Grecia 1 (11.4%),&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Colombia 1 - Grecia 0 (10.3%),&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Colombia 2 - Grecia 1 (8.9%),&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Colombia 2 - Grecia 0 (8%),&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Colombia 0 - Grecia 1 (7.6%).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: x-small; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Costa de Marfil vs Japón&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: inherit; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWfEbpM9n_B1vdhPywCyHIr24xJdOhtejHGZ0KY5rF0EtabiTAru9OexQysD_WCbJYs5sT5cP-SJ-AoXu_msgsZSmeIMIzz_0bGZRyo1M1LtbFlkr-3lNcvlKfmahH97I6-kAkxT7Bj77f/s1600/CostadeMarfil-Jap%C3%B3n.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWfEbpM9n_B1vdhPywCyHIr24xJdOhtejHGZ0KY5rF0EtabiTAru9OexQysD_WCbJYs5sT5cP-SJ-AoXu_msgsZSmeIMIzz_0bGZRyo1M1LtbFlkr-3lNcvlKfmahH97I6-kAkxT7Bj77f/s1600/CostadeMarfil-Jap%C3%B3n.png&quot; height=&quot;226&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipJp7J0bS6AGIn7iG3tyDBJXHJRmyzm95trHI1K1Lmdv7kSHN4d4W3cHw6KkUoW_LdJJgq_XD_ra3J2YHQ2HIvFcdoNHCiK7LuxD0qds6EiRm2lpLk8x0yKMEqAYAVmGU3-5uT0z1DzNHU/s1600/MarcadorCosta+de+Marfil+-+Jap%C3%B3n.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipJp7J0bS6AGIn7iG3tyDBJXHJRmyzm95trHI1K1Lmdv7kSHN4d4W3cHw6KkUoW_LdJJgq_XD_ra3J2YHQ2HIvFcdoNHCiK7LuxD0qds6EiRm2lpLk8x0yKMEqAYAVmGU3-5uT0z1DzNHU/s1600/MarcadorCosta+de+Marfil+-+Jap%C3%B3n.png&quot; height=&quot;233&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Al analizar los posibles marcadores notamos que los marcadores más probables son: Costa de Marfil 2 Japón 1 (8.5%),&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Costa de Marfil 1 Japón 1 (8%),&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Costa de Marfil 2 Japón 2 (6.4%),&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Costa de Marfil 3 Japón 1 (6.1%),&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Costa de Marfil 1 Japón 2 (6%).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: x-small; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Urugay vs Costa Rica&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: inherit; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-qBOBFJI7DIbI90wyK0CP2kVqb_iC_9A_riHn6e2frk5cL__DoZLM-RzcvMu2kqmYXbg_LGv_-iOsGjpMJHSAck-5MXiqeiHbxM9Vl1jkr7n_II4orNDKAFiQ-7R3nuUdmjbAitL4ejs_/s1600/Costarica-Uruguay.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-qBOBFJI7DIbI90wyK0CP2kVqb_iC_9A_riHn6e2frk5cL__DoZLM-RzcvMu2kqmYXbg_LGv_-iOsGjpMJHSAck-5MXiqeiHbxM9Vl1jkr7n_II4orNDKAFiQ-7R3nuUdmjbAitL4ejs_/s1600/Costarica-Uruguay.png&quot; height=&quot;226&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjw44DLnrNO7K74-1A9lYUqyk6bcPNZ-ULTaTtGuJI45DamsLIO3E9pbQI3W1dgwNnEh8tuCi1Cu4_4Bp11xeocIDJaBwb_juPmayz7cmIRxtQ3LKDWeLr_sdFQXaRlOdi-cifacV9yxOQr/s1600/MarcadorCostaRica-Uruguay.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjw44DLnrNO7K74-1A9lYUqyk6bcPNZ-ULTaTtGuJI45DamsLIO3E9pbQI3W1dgwNnEh8tuCi1Cu4_4Bp11xeocIDJaBwb_juPmayz7cmIRxtQ3LKDWeLr_sdFQXaRlOdi-cifacV9yxOQr/s1600/MarcadorCostaRica-Uruguay.png&quot; height=&quot;233&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Al analizar los posibles marcadores notamos que los marcadores más probables son: Uruguay 2 Costa Rica 0 (9.5%),&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Uruguay 2 Costa Rica 1 (9.2%),&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Uruguay 1 Costa Rica 0 (8.4%),&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Uruguay 1 Costa Rica 1 (8.1%),&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Uruguay 3 Costa Rica 0 (7.4%).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: x-small; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit; font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Inglaterra vs Italia&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: inherit; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_uVQWMiymrNq22hXokXFzJ-HmzJOBEHhzhyjkCre61xyg0v3HBeQ79BlfPv5453VybQrpDIBnwqEt1SmmDqvJ79DXCHeqnrWIZ-jbp1Wtp2YjornkiJ0BU9ZLGd4WRISwsAG4Vk7GTcdZ/s1600/Inglaterra+-+Italia.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_uVQWMiymrNq22hXokXFzJ-HmzJOBEHhzhyjkCre61xyg0v3HBeQ79BlfPv5453VybQrpDIBnwqEt1SmmDqvJ79DXCHeqnrWIZ-jbp1Wtp2YjornkiJ0BU9ZLGd4WRISwsAG4Vk7GTcdZ/s1600/Inglaterra+-+Italia.png&quot; height=&quot;226&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxSbNhAk-5hzjz7wXe6y2JINR7r6ZJFFkIRMLrLkQPpLocIKRavmPAvTFtTXesehdmP1kVymcH8M6Vku7ZaHX5-TjpvBrnyoxgpT_Ic1dJva4Nie8GOqKZghwUkTqaLb6nB9IIR0guHzn0/s1600/MarcadorInglaterra+-+Italia.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxSbNhAk-5hzjz7wXe6y2JINR7r6ZJFFkIRMLrLkQPpLocIKRavmPAvTFtTXesehdmP1kVymcH8M6Vku7ZaHX5-TjpvBrnyoxgpT_Ic1dJva4Nie8GOqKZghwUkTqaLb6nB9IIR0guHzn0/s1600/MarcadorInglaterra+-+Italia.png&quot; height=&quot;233&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;En esté partido no se observa un favoritismo claramente. Al analizar los posibles marcadores están divididos ya que al analizar los 5 marcadores más probables los resultados son: Inglaterra 1 Italia 1 (9.9%),&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Inglaterra 2 Italia 1 (8.2%),&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Inglaterra 1 Italia 2 (7.7%),&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Inglaterra 1 Italia 0 (6.6%),&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; line-height: 18.200000762939453px;&quot;&gt;Inglaterra 2 Italia 2 (6.3%).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/4150404223379419028/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/06/predictivefifa2014-dia-3.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/4150404223379419028'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/4150404223379419028'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/06/predictivefifa2014-dia-3.html' title='#PredictiveFIFA2014 (Día 3)'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjc_My-ZRlph2kh-V19MaFyPviuq11jE15hM850U1j5bboRbSnf2JhNpZt9z0GF2AujwYjxJj4NIY9PRk3rtDJQqwFRAMApC6crr2V6GRmCuISe6LuSY1P9Sj-2RqCppTjx_XjdoRNwyrXc/s72-c/Colombia-Grecia.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-2067396325766116429</id><published>2014-06-13T03:57:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2014-06-13T03:57:59.865-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="#PredictiveFIFA2014"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Futbol"/><title type='text'>#PredictiveFIFA (Día 2)</title><content type='html'>Mañana se juega tres partidos para el segundo día de la copa mundial de mundo FIFA 2014. A continuación se analizaran cada uno de los enfrentamientos&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
España vs Holanda&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdkh3vqtqRgHsQQEf5vyMHQneVKvjDuEr7hekUvS4Za5GnbFT-r0Gu3MOg_5KnPIFWRWmHOhZHapozYt79hH9j8GBQVKDHoxSQpFPRKQjxYZr4LVOa5yT3Mvsowz9PWbOxtFYYZkTaNPMP/s1600/Holanda-Espa%C3%B1a.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdkh3vqtqRgHsQQEf5vyMHQneVKvjDuEr7hekUvS4Za5GnbFT-r0Gu3MOg_5KnPIFWRWmHOhZHapozYt79hH9j8GBQVKDHoxSQpFPRKQjxYZr4LVOa5yT3Mvsowz9PWbOxtFYYZkTaNPMP/s1600/Holanda-Espa%C3%B1a.png&quot; height=&quot;225&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Claramente se observa un favoritismo por España. El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5lV7uPKwRIqEvhgRpq88i28ux2E7HwwxMzxaJqRQqNz3Ziz4Fb9cHn8-tsSlcBF_3oz_uh7ZwpKoRzcizZmZCIFKAN5sTokUw3HoVtEPkFlp-HW1zeBmafetUcn0ZprFHDbUi9iGzXs56/s1600/MarcadoresHolanda-Espa%C3%B1a.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5lV7uPKwRIqEvhgRpq88i28ux2E7HwwxMzxaJqRQqNz3Ziz4Fb9cHn8-tsSlcBF_3oz_uh7ZwpKoRzcizZmZCIFKAN5sTokUw3HoVtEPkFlp-HW1zeBmafetUcn0ZprFHDbUi9iGzXs56/s1600/MarcadoresHolanda-Espa%C3%B1a.png&quot; height=&quot;226&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;Al analizar los posibles marcadores notamos que marcadores más probables son España 2 - Holanda 1 (8.2%), España 1 - Holanda 1 (6.9%), España 3 - Holanda 1 (6.8%), España 2 - Holanda 2 (6%) y España 2 - Holanda 0 (5.9%).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
México vs Camerún&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDw8fbCXe24-eoN8hnWsOrFWhlEH2iEMUjeVUGvGuPw-Qt4PK-nW3cPUAW8oG9273xYx21V_MogxOfnv-GQDakVF91BM7RjhpfKmELonHLpxqe3lpkYYV0QC6h1m-BATeTu9ATmIYzwmGL/s1600/M%C3%A9xico-Camerun.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDw8fbCXe24-eoN8hnWsOrFWhlEH2iEMUjeVUGvGuPw-Qt4PK-nW3cPUAW8oG9273xYx21V_MogxOfnv-GQDakVF91BM7RjhpfKmELonHLpxqe3lpkYYV0QC6h1m-BATeTu9ATmIYzwmGL/s1600/M%C3%A9xico-Camerun.png&quot; height=&quot;226&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjb8GgEwRAmqOiEwqF8tRqOMGida6t0u1WVkrx4xtNR4Q7TNxc-M3dHSkCims8yPbTJMqM5ny7WWcYomnU-yHSuNr4v9u8_Cc84C31NbLRYhvO50-HzsV5j1xonFR3-znj2eUJ8TDUU5d5L/s1600/MarcadoresMexico-Camerun.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjb8GgEwRAmqOiEwqF8tRqOMGida6t0u1WVkrx4xtNR4Q7TNxc-M3dHSkCims8yPbTJMqM5ny7WWcYomnU-yHSuNr4v9u8_Cc84C31NbLRYhvO50-HzsV5j1xonFR3-znj2eUJ8TDUU5d5L/s1600/MarcadoresMexico-Camerun.png&quot; height=&quot;226&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Al analizar los posibles marcadores notamos que marcadores más probables son México 2 - Camerún 0 (10.2%), México 1 - Camerún 0 (9.9%), México 2 - Camerún 1 (9.4%), México 1 - Camerún 1 (9%) y México 3 - Camerún 0 (7.3%).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Chile vs Australia&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Las probabilidades de los resultados finales se muestran en el siguiente gráfico.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS9VKttd41mufrwmPNi2GRHYi8oaj7naRPP2M6VIzYfys2vJmj_LcqvxTXsWhNsL-WDbAHfTWiGsaEHN6WYDRCtVrDm9lJQRIyMsQdUKWtzhu7LlyUw25Yo8mfPt9gUF5mbRNP4ob9MosB/s1600/Chile-Australia.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS9VKttd41mufrwmPNi2GRHYi8oaj7naRPP2M6VIzYfys2vJmj_LcqvxTXsWhNsL-WDbAHfTWiGsaEHN6WYDRCtVrDm9lJQRIyMsQdUKWtzhu7LlyUw25Yo8mfPt9gUF5mbRNP4ob9MosB/s1600/Chile-Australia.png&quot; height=&quot;226&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
El siguiente gráfico se observan las probabilidades de los posibles marcadores.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnQcw1pcfADgj5O9Jj8hQOPeEvX3_xbBTMeaMjPwFDPH8juSJ9HzhHNfpnnnay9kVASOaVDy-2_fkfk0xps84oZY2LsID30qw-4xBSqJtSRIKLRYlql6v7DX69yrrFn9IDfwPI3gKXmfVl/s1600/MarcadoresChile-Australia.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnQcw1pcfADgj5O9Jj8hQOPeEvX3_xbBTMeaMjPwFDPH8juSJ9HzhHNfpnnnay9kVASOaVDy-2_fkfk0xps84oZY2LsID30qw-4xBSqJtSRIKLRYlql6v7DX69yrrFn9IDfwPI3gKXmfVl/s1600/MarcadoresChile-Australia.png&quot; height=&quot;226&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Al analizar los posibles marcadores notamos que marcadores más probables son Chile 2 - Australia 1 (7.5%), Chile 3 - Australia 1 (6.8%), Chile 2 - Australia 2 (5.8%), Chile 1 - Ausralia 1 (5.8%) y Chile 2 - Australia 0 (5.1%).&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/2067396325766116429/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/06/predictivefifa-dia-2.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/2067396325766116429'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/2067396325766116429'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/06/predictivefifa-dia-2.html' title='#PredictiveFIFA (Día 2)'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdkh3vqtqRgHsQQEf5vyMHQneVKvjDuEr7hekUvS4Za5GnbFT-r0Gu3MOg_5KnPIFWRWmHOhZHapozYt79hH9j8GBQVKDHoxSQpFPRKQjxYZr4LVOa5yT3Mvsowz9PWbOxtFYYZkTaNPMP/s72-c/Holanda-Espa%C3%B1a.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-8376671414381536281</id><published>2014-05-15T20:17:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2014-05-15T20:17:42.316-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="#PredictiveFIFA2014"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="fútbol"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="mundial"/><title type='text'>Predicciones del mundial de fútbol 2014 #PredictiveFIFA2014</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Hace poco, junto con&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gutierrezandres.com/&quot; style=&quot;color: #1155cc; text-decoration: none;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;Andrés Gutiérrez&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://twitter.com/psirusteam&quot; style=&quot;color: #1155cc; text-decoration: none;&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;@psirusteam&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot; style=&quot;color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; publicamos las predicciones del mundial. Poco a poco, con los resultados que se vayan dando en el mundial iremos ajustando el modelo para mejorar muestras predicciones. Si el lector desea conocer la metodología implementada pueden verla en la siguiente pagina &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/p/predictivefifa2014.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;#PredictiveFIFA2014&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/8376671414381536281/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/05/predicciones-del-mundial-de-futbol-2014.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/8376671414381536281'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/8376671414381536281'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/05/predicciones-del-mundial-de-futbol-2014.html' title='Predicciones del mundial de fútbol 2014 #PredictiveFIFA2014'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-2671765307258125883</id><published>2014-01-08T22:29:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2014-01-08T22:55:02.138-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="arboles de clasificación"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="clasificación"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="histograma"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Multivariado"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="puntos de corte"/><title type='text'>Diferentes métodos para definir puntos de corte de una variable cuantitativa (3)</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Ya hemos visto diferentes métodos de categorización de variables, desde los básicos como realizarlos desde &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2013/12/diferentes-metodos-para-definir-puntos.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;cortes naturales y equiprobables&lt;/a&gt;, como también los que se tienen en cuenta desde los &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/01/diferentes-metodos-para-definir-puntos.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;histogramas con intervalos de ancho fijo y ancho variable&lt;/a&gt;. Ahora miraremos los que se utilizan a partir de métodos multivariados.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Cortes a partir de un método de clasificación&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Entre los métodos de clasificación más usuales se encuentran los jerárquicos y no jerárquicos. Para nuestro caso utilizaremos la clasificación mixta el cual consiste en utilizar primero un método jerárquico y luego consolidar los grupos establecidos mediante un método no jerárquico como el k-means. Para ello utilizaremos la función HCPC del paquete FactoMineR.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;res.hcpc&amp;lt;-HCPC(Edad)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; min.cla&amp;lt;-unlist(by(res.hcpc$data.clust[,1],res.hcpc$data.clust[,2],min))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; cortes&amp;lt;-c(min.cla,max(Edad))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; resultados(Edad,cortes)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;[15,29) [29,43) [43,60) [60,90]&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 130 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;68 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;64 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;38&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjY_9jWc-YucJNbQppKgdEXxWGh5g7Ed2dQdLP6Ln3pHgPUUN8gdn5JkMY2WO-74UWC1g-4gReaS4LSGFO54-na_yHO4i1TKYLy6Zze2gooXKCM0p7rn9MOuTUM-654CrYwZRNvB8ySQdx/s1600/cluster.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjY_9jWc-YucJNbQppKgdEXxWGh5g7Ed2dQdLP6Ln3pHgPUUN8gdn5JkMY2WO-74UWC1g-4gReaS4LSGFO54-na_yHO4i1TKYLy6Zze2gooXKCM0p7rn9MOuTUM-654CrYwZRNvB8ySQdx/s1600/cluster.png&quot; height=&quot;203&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Al realizar
esté método se sugiere realizar 4 grupos los cuales se observan los siguientes
cortes&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrUrVU1p481iBmpHMYIlawXn265AHcPylcy_PhhTkwVreCnuUg3nK2yY11zdYoGim3ebBQnxZeRykN4A6_TLe6ElblLEnbLBW2HkI8YkP805_h_Asc9zyd4rJwW51zwW8AMKixUrXORQSX/s1600/cluster2.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrUrVU1p481iBmpHMYIlawXn265AHcPylcy_PhhTkwVreCnuUg3nK2yY11zdYoGim3ebBQnxZeRykN4A6_TLe6ElblLEnbLBW2HkI8YkP805_h_Asc9zyd4rJwW51zwW8AMKixUrXORQSX/s1600/cluster2.png&quot; height=&quot;203&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Notamos que los cortes dan una descripción muy general de la forma de los datos. Además, los cortes son de intervalos de ancho variables. Esté método tiene sus pros y contras. Entre sus pros está que los cortes se basan en la agrupación misma de los datos, también que al considerar pocos cortes los resultados son buenos para otros tipos de análisis. Sin embargo, entre sus contras está que los cortes no son muy claros de cómo es la estructura misma de los datos (frecuencias altas, outliers).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
Realicemos
el mismo ejercicio pero con los cortes de la regla de Sturges.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;k&amp;lt;-nclass.Sturges(Edad)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; res.hcpc&amp;lt;-HCPC(Edad,k)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; min.cla&amp;lt;-unlist(by(res.hcpc$data.clust[,1],res.hcpc$data.clust[,2],min))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; cortes&amp;lt;-c(min.cla,max(Edad))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; resultados(Edad,cortes)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;[15,21) [21,25) [25,30) [30,36) [36,43) [43,50) [50,60) [60,68) [68,89) [89,90]&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;36 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;56 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;44 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;30 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;32 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;32 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;32 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;14 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;22 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRA_AyF5iEYHj2UB4f4PMqzfEZWFWADUNA3WdnF1cLw00kFY-THM_d3HdUESGUUn8g4P2rBhYvZ418K4ifRATcd4qMderU-bobln1AZ_IN7lzyMcDvk2wAL2R16BfRG1nFQUo8krwFZEgH/s1600/cluster3.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRA_AyF5iEYHj2UB4f4PMqzfEZWFWADUNA3WdnF1cLw00kFY-THM_d3HdUESGUUn8g4P2rBhYvZ418K4ifRATcd4qMderU-bobln1AZ_IN7lzyMcDvk2wAL2R16BfRG1nFQUo8krwFZEgH/s1600/cluster3.png&quot; height=&quot;203&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Se consideran 10 intervalos y lo interesante es que estos cortes si dan idea claramente de como son los datos. En el siguiente gráfico se detallan los resultados.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsVgf5iUHhMUQujCVZfhDqN9r85TE1WJTX_18ynyUyBKrjalqVJWxLcJfkO2nMej_BNzXUWPc0_MiH0qzXaiqXJozROMYl2zQqeAX2OzRPygGEFOb3SbAmt940D18ZvE5PfhQKfBteKP9A/s1600/cluster4.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsVgf5iUHhMUQujCVZfhDqN9r85TE1WJTX_18ynyUyBKrjalqVJWxLcJfkO2nMej_BNzXUWPc0_MiH0qzXaiqXJozROMYl2zQqeAX2OzRPygGEFOb3SbAmt940D18ZvE5PfhQKfBteKP9A/s1600/cluster4.png&quot; height=&quot;203&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Cortes a partir de árboles de decisión&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Para utilizar los arboles de decisión se deben tener en cuenta una variable auxiliar que defina grupos de alguna índole. Para nuestro caso utilizaremos dos casos comunes. El primero consiste en construir grupos a partir de proceso de clasificación obtenido de un método de correspondencias múltiples para el conjunto de datos estudiado y otro caso en el que se pregunta cuál es el tipo de empleo que tiene la persona.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Caso uno (Clasificación a partir de un análisis de correspondencia múltiple)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Por simplicidad utilizamos los datos de tea según el ejemplo y se construyen grupos a partir de 18 variables de interés las cuales se describen en el ejemplo&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Para el ejemplo se consideran las primeras 20 componentes las cuales tienen los valores propios mayores de 1/27 (27 son el número de dimensiones consideradas para esté ejemplo).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;tea.MCA&amp;lt;-tea[, 1:18]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;res&amp;lt;-MCA(tea.MCA, ncp=20, graph = FALSE)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;res.hcpc&amp;lt;-HCPC(res ,nb.clust=0,consol=TRUE,min=3,max=10,graph=TRUE)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnBE3PdUznw5lmt_FE_Nacdh2Hf1V0e-4k4HjMZJxiNLdIzjBH8K7Yrr7WTBcyQ2ymN_Bu9JsuuaR2PkxXwLgqn7rvR2DO42vzV45fxNTSETAlHgphN_MCzk_IzXY2OPjzr0XfS9mp_-Zo/s1600/arbol.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnBE3PdUznw5lmt_FE_Nacdh2Hf1V0e-4k4HjMZJxiNLdIzjBH8K7Yrr7WTBcyQ2ymN_Bu9JsuuaR2PkxXwLgqn7rvR2DO42vzV45fxNTSETAlHgphN_MCzk_IzXY2OPjzr0XfS9mp_-Zo/s1600/arbol.png&quot; height=&quot;203&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Al considerar la agrupación se sugieren realizar 3 grupos los cuales se concatenan con la variable Edad tenida en cuenta&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;datos.clus&amp;lt;-res.hcpc$data.clust&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;cluster&amp;lt;-data.frame(clust=datos.clus$clust)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;cluster$id&amp;lt;-as.numeric(row.names(datos.clus))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;cluster[order(cluster[,2]),]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;BD&amp;lt;-data.frame(Edad,clust=cluster$clust)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;summary(BD)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; Edad &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; clust &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Min. &amp;nbsp; :15.00 &amp;nbsp; 1:176 &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;1st Qu.:23.00 &amp;nbsp; 2: 32 &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Median :32.00 &amp;nbsp; 3: 92 &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Mean &amp;nbsp; :37.05 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;3rd Qu.:48.00 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Max. &amp;nbsp; :90.00&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Para los arboles de decisión se utilizara el paquete rpart y partykit&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Courier New&#39;, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;library(&quot;rpart&quot;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Courier New&#39;, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;fit&amp;lt;-rpart(clust~Edad,data=BD)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;nbsp;library(&quot;partykit&quot;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; g_fit &amp;lt;- as.party(fitb.tree)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; print(g_fit, header = FALSE)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;[1] root&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;| &amp;nbsp; [2] Edad &amp;lt; 20.5: 1 (n = 36, err = 25.0%)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;| &amp;nbsp; [3] Edad &amp;gt;= 20.5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;| &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; [4] Edad &amp;gt;= 21.5: 1 (n = 244, err = 41.0%)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;| &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; [5] Edad &amp;lt; 21.5: 3 (n = 20, err = 35.0%)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;Number of inner nodes: &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;Number of terminal nodes: 3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; plot(g_fit, type = &quot;extended&quot;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpFBia98Ky08tFjszFBMUVAF-1eXI0-A6jfh2EFJYpketYnWMKC0oCwhXmcnPumOs93ILgpTcMpFHyPgCHEJLPWKNO6Qnc95LEe_v6WpGwIcfM6znbsJ38P3MVbHvsIRvL8kEcjc9UoZxR/s1600/arbol2.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpFBia98Ky08tFjszFBMUVAF-1eXI0-A6jfh2EFJYpketYnWMKC0oCwhXmcnPumOs93ILgpTcMpFHyPgCHEJLPWKNO6Qnc95LEe_v6WpGwIcfM6znbsJ38P3MVbHvsIRvL8kEcjc9UoZxR/s1600/arbol2.png&quot; height=&quot;205&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Sin entrar en detalles encontramos que los cortes de la variable edad se deben realizar en 20.5 y 21.5. Al realizar los cortes obtenemos lo siguiente&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;cortes&amp;lt;-c(min(Edad),fit$splits[,&quot;index&quot;],max(Edad))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; resultados(Edad,cortes)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; [15,20.5) [20.5,21.5) &amp;nbsp; [21.5,90]&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;36 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;20 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 244&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0jTjZ6Jy0Yq-4wqCO52bfUf3gw0z8gc1qhr009gkBRJtr9fD1121oqOzk1kxwr77SH2YEQBomQuTc5p16eu1Mi7Ypdsncsw4ibPuasCc-wvklbA5l4UPxqGB0sAEkUq1Um_g5iz7uKCvD/s1600/arbol3.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0jTjZ6Jy0Yq-4wqCO52bfUf3gw0z8gc1qhr009gkBRJtr9fD1121oqOzk1kxwr77SH2YEQBomQuTc5p16eu1Mi7Ypdsncsw4ibPuasCc-wvklbA5l4UPxqGB0sAEkUq1Um_g5iz7uKCvD/s1600/arbol3.png&quot; height=&quot;203&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Está forma sugiere los mejores cortes según la información de los datos.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Caso dos (Clasificación a partir de un variable de interés)&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Ahora detallemos si tuviéramos una variable sobre el trabajo desempeñado por la persona que consume te.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;BD$SPC&amp;lt;-tea$SPC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; summary(BD$SPC)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; employee &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; middle &amp;nbsp; non-worker other worker &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; senior &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;student &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;workman&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 59 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 40 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 64 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 20 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 35 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 70 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; fit&amp;lt;-rpart(SPC~Edad,data=BD)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; g_fit &amp;lt;- as.party(fit)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; print(g_fit, header = FALSE)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;[1] root&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;| &amp;nbsp; [2] Edad &amp;gt;= 23.5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;| &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; [3] Edad &amp;gt;= 58.5: non-worker (n = 38, err = 5.3%)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;| &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; [4] Edad &amp;lt; 58.5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;| &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; [5] Edad &amp;gt;= 30.5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;| &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; [6] Edad &amp;gt;= 50.5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;| &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; [7] Edad &amp;lt; 55.5: employee (n = 15, err = 53.3%)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;| &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; [8] Edad &amp;gt;= 55.5: middle (n = 7, err = 57.1%)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;| &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; [9] Edad &amp;lt; 50.5: middle (n = 99, err = 70.7%)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;| &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; | &amp;nbsp; [10] Edad &amp;lt; 30.5: employee (n = 55, err = 60.0%)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;| &amp;nbsp; [11] Edad &amp;lt; 23.5: student (n = 86, err = 31.4%)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;Number of inner nodes: &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;Number of terminal nodes: 6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; plot(g_fit, type = &quot;extended&quot;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaXjl8-VQiYH6reOeHEAzp2z6giX1hfebrm-sIV4Q4-2SAmDEHUh1FkEtBm1QzVNus2uxsART_j8N9RqvNnulX7BFlDx_aB9E1EPgr2zsgdD2wxho79hAfbf3gGYye9mrVjeR82WtKCtmr/s1600/arbol4.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaXjl8-VQiYH6reOeHEAzp2z6giX1hfebrm-sIV4Q4-2SAmDEHUh1FkEtBm1QzVNus2uxsART_j8N9RqvNnulX7BFlDx_aB9E1EPgr2zsgdD2wxho79hAfbf3gGYye9mrVjeR82WtKCtmr/s1600/arbol4.png&quot; height=&quot;205&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Encontramos que los mejores cortes para estudiar la edad son 23.5, 30.5, 50.5, 55.5 y 58.5. Al realizar estos cortes obtenemos lo siguiente&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; cortes&amp;lt;-c(min(Edad),fit$splits[,&quot;index&quot;],max(Edad))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; resultados(Edad,cortes)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; [15,23.5) [23.5,30.5) [30.5,50.5) [50.5,55.5) [55.5,58.5) &amp;nbsp; [58.5,90]&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;86 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;55 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;99 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;15 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 7 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;38&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgl6mUoNw_vvG2JCl4utMkEndSzMCSR7l5Px3vSfUNz5wCGQFVFGAxDAF_9AYr_n_zFWvueDpa1ZbKmxLzlZFBqQsfWXRNC-bKefp6iTz3xuXuqe-8y0qr4rOabt3WC1248ElWjHCbty7Tk/s1600/arbol5.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgl6mUoNw_vvG2JCl4utMkEndSzMCSR7l5Px3vSfUNz5wCGQFVFGAxDAF_9AYr_n_zFWvueDpa1ZbKmxLzlZFBqQsfWXRNC-bKefp6iTz3xuXuqe-8y0qr4rOabt3WC1248ElWjHCbty7Tk/s1600/arbol5.png&quot; height=&quot;203&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Los puntos de cortes para la edad, se sugieren para estudiar el tipo de empleo de la persona que consume te.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Resumiendo los resultados encontramos que esté método es adecuando siempre y cuando se cuente con una variable que defina grupos de interés. Uno de los contra que se tienen es que en ocasiones el árbol no se construye con una sola variable, por lo cual no se logran definir los puntos de corte.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;En definitiva existen muchas formas de definir puntos de cortes, espero les haya agradado esté resumen.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Ver también: &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2013/12/diferentes-metodos-para-definir-puntos.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Puntos de corte de una variable cuantitativa (1)&lt;/a&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/01/diferentes-metodos-para-definir-puntos.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Puntos de corte de una variable cuantitativa (2)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/2671765307258125883/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/01/diferentes-metodos-para-definir-puntos_8.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/2671765307258125883'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/2671765307258125883'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/01/diferentes-metodos-para-definir-puntos_8.html' title='Diferentes métodos para definir puntos de corte de una variable cuantitativa (3)'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjY_9jWc-YucJNbQppKgdEXxWGh5g7Ed2dQdLP6Ln3pHgPUUN8gdn5JkMY2WO-74UWC1g-4gReaS4LSGFO54-na_yHO4i1TKYLy6Zze2gooXKCM0p7rn9MOuTUM-654CrYwZRNvB8ySQdx/s72-c/cluster.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-5597859194879840235</id><published>2014-01-03T17:25:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2014-01-08T22:52:33.230-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="dhist"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="histograma"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="puntos de corte"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Regla de Freedman-Diaconis"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Regla de Scoot"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Regla de Sturges"/><title type='text'>Diferentes métodos para definir puntos de corte de una variable cuantitativa (2)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2013/12/diferentes-metodos-para-definir-puntos.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Continuando con nuestro ejemplo&lt;/a&gt; ahora
miraremos los puntos de cortes utilizando los histogramas de intervalo fijo e
intervalos variables. Para obtener los puntos de cortes de cada regla se utilizara
la función &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/kohske/bin/blob/master/R/breaks-dhist.r&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;dhist_breaks&lt;/a&gt;, construida por &lt;a href=&quot;http://pubs.research.avayalabs.com/pdfs/ALR-2007-003-paper.pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Denby y Mallows (2009)&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gutierrezandres.com/archives/1253&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Gutierrez&lt;/a&gt; comenta u poco acerca &amp;nbsp;como utilizar está función y como construir
intervalos de anchos fijos y variables, lo cual lo utilizaremos en esté
post.&amp;nbsp; Para construir los intervalos de ancho
fijo, se fijara el parámetro el factor de escala en 0.0001*iqr(X), donde iqr()
es el rango intercuartílico. Para los intervalos de ancho variable se fijara el
parámetro de escala en 5*iqr(X).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;Cortes
a partir de un Histograma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Histogramas de intervalo fijo&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Regla de Sturges.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3TVIYNOA6Oh4Z2q8i2EOFn7acyNvG12g9u8TqU_wjVM04qkhMov2tBPdwjACe0GXgh-Q_q4b_OAaEqsns4cOdZ8ybJYowx9EUFeu13C4ApK30L_FMu4S2lT-DZ80olyHFIm7V9xArKWFh/s1600/sturges.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3TVIYNOA6Oh4Z2q8i2EOFn7acyNvG12g9u8TqU_wjVM04qkhMov2tBPdwjACe0GXgh-Q_q4b_OAaEqsns4cOdZ8ybJYowx9EUFeu13C4ApK30L_FMu4S2lT-DZ80olyHFIm7V9xArKWFh/s400/sturges.png&quot; height=&quot;206&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
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 &lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:formulas&gt;
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&lt;/v:imagedata&gt;&lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;k&amp;lt;-nclass.Sturges(Edad)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;
cortes&amp;lt;-round(dhist_breaks(Edad,a=0.0001*iqr(Edad),nbins=k),1)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;
resultados(Edad,cortes)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;[15,22.5)
[22.5,30) [30,37.5) [37.5,45) [45,52.5) [52.5,60) [60,67.5) [67.5,75) [75,82.5)
&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 74&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
62&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 45&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 20&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 45&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 16&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 14&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 14&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 8 &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;[82.5,90]
&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 2&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;Al utilizar esté método notamos que se
utilizan 10 intervalos, con una amplitud de 7.5 años. Al realizar esto y
comparando con una tabla de frecuencias de las edades notamos una alta frecuencia
entre las edades de 21, 22 y 25 años cosa que no se detalla en estos intervalos.
Está situación no es muy clara en este tipo de corte.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;table(Edad)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;Edad&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;15
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
43 44 45 46 &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;2&amp;nbsp;
3&amp;nbsp; 8 11 12 20 18 12&amp;nbsp; 6 16&amp;nbsp;
8&amp;nbsp; 9&amp;nbsp; 5&amp;nbsp;
6&amp;nbsp; 5&amp;nbsp; 4&amp;nbsp;
7&amp;nbsp; 4&amp;nbsp; 5&amp;nbsp;
5&amp;nbsp; 7&amp;nbsp; 8&amp;nbsp;
2&amp;nbsp; 2&amp;nbsp; 7&amp;nbsp;
3&amp;nbsp; 3&amp;nbsp; 1&amp;nbsp; 2
11&amp;nbsp; 2 &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;47
48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 60 61 62 63 65 66 68 69 70 71 72 73 75 76 78 79
80 89 90 &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;6&amp;nbsp;
6&amp;nbsp; 4 10&amp;nbsp; 4&amp;nbsp;
2&amp;nbsp; 2&amp;nbsp; 3&amp;nbsp;
4&amp;nbsp; 5&amp;nbsp; 2&amp;nbsp;
5&amp;nbsp; 2&amp;nbsp; 1&amp;nbsp;
1&amp;nbsp; 2&amp;nbsp; 3&amp;nbsp;
1&amp;nbsp; 1&amp;nbsp; 3&amp;nbsp;
4&amp;nbsp; 3&amp;nbsp; 2&amp;nbsp;
3&amp;nbsp; 2&amp;nbsp; 1&amp;nbsp;
1&amp;nbsp; 1&amp;nbsp; 1&amp;nbsp; 1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Cordia New, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Regla
de Scoot.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Cordia New&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; mso-no-proof: yes;&quot;&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;Imagen_x0020_8&quot; o:spid=&quot;_x0000_i1028&quot; style=&quot;height: 233.4pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 442.2pt;&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot;&gt;
 &lt;v:imagedata o:title=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;file:///C:\Users\Alex\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image002.emz&quot;&gt;
&lt;/v:imagedata&gt;&lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Cordia New&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioMjhPN_igOkRmIvM5e_jjv_3Tx7tSuVMfiQKXLL7AxoLEfU6GrCY6bW1wyoYvujpPQc49Lwx4fl5uH3hPW3Xnxp5aaM9QZEmofszQJcOHldxckXskyxgt_8ZXGVHZZKxrJF9d1E7d9ozu/s1600/scott.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioMjhPN_igOkRmIvM5e_jjv_3Tx7tSuVMfiQKXLL7AxoLEfU6GrCY6bW1wyoYvujpPQc49Lwx4fl5uH3hPW3Xnxp5aaM9QZEmofszQJcOHldxckXskyxgt_8ZXGVHZZKxrJF9d1E7d9ozu/s400/scott.png&quot; height=&quot;206&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Cordia New&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;k&amp;lt;-nclass.scott(Edad)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;
cortes&amp;lt;-round(dhist_breaks(Edad,a=0.0001*iqr(Edad),nbins=k),1)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;
resultados(Edad,cortes)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; [15,23.3) [23.3,31.7)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [31.7,40)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
[40,48.3) [48.3,56.7)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [56.7,65)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [65,73.3) &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 86&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 59&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 40&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 41&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 34&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 11&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 19 &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;[73.3,81.7)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [81.7,90] &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 8&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Cordia New, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;Al
utilizar esté método notamos que se utilizan 9 intervalos, con una amplitud de
8.3 años. Sigue sin observarse las frecuencias altas de las edades mencionadas
anteriormente.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Regla
de Freedman-Diaconis.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Cordia New&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; mso-no-proof: yes;&quot;&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;Imagen_x0020_9&quot; o:spid=&quot;_x0000_i1027&quot; style=&quot;height: 233.4pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 442.2pt;&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot;&gt;
 &lt;v:imagedata o:title=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;file:///C:\Users\Alex\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image003.emz&quot;&gt;
&lt;/v:imagedata&gt;&lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Cordia New&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivp3YW66wuZsI7rOYJgnU5EQDTDOkUeMv1jyy7l9xRCMZ5Y4XuZTPHAiOfZinyko5rUY77eGqi0-hxFKUej0UwL4el24Su5q1Wqan2KUIONe3-nsGrbFoQT-4u3DgqrkJAehH9GXWK7eKm/s1600/FD.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivp3YW66wuZsI7rOYJgnU5EQDTDOkUeMv1jyy7l9xRCMZ5Y4XuZTPHAiOfZinyko5rUY77eGqi0-hxFKUej0UwL4el24Su5q1Wqan2KUIONe3-nsGrbFoQT-4u3DgqrkJAehH9GXWK7eKm/s400/FD.png&quot; height=&quot;206&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Cordia New&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;k&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;-nclass.FD(Edad)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;
cortes&amp;lt;-round(dhist_breaks(Edad,a=0.0001*iqr(Edad),nbins=k),1)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;
resultados(Edad,cortes)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; [15,21.8) [21.8,28.6) [28.6,35.5) [35.5,42.3)
[42.3,49.1) [49.1,55.9) [55.9,62.7) &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 56&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 74&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 36&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 32&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 32&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 25&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 15 &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;[62.7,69.5)
[69.5,76.4) [76.4,83.2)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [83.2,90] &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 8&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 17&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 3&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Cordia New, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;Al
utilizar esté método notamos que se utilizan 11 intervalos, con una amplitud de
6.8 años. Los primeros intervalos tratan de resumir las frecuencias altas de
las edades antes mencionadas (21, 22 y 25).&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;Hasta
ahora, utilizando los histogramas de ancho fijo, parece indicar que la última
propuesta es la mejor. Sin embargo, detallemos los resultados de los
histogramas de ancho variable.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Histograma de intervalos variables&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Regla
de Denby-Mallows&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Cordia New&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; mso-ansi-language: ES-CO; mso-fareast-language: ES-CO; mso-no-proof: yes;&quot;&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;Imagen_x0020_10&quot; o:spid=&quot;_x0000_i1026&quot; style=&quot;height: 233.4pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 442.2pt;&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot;&gt;
 &lt;v:imagedata o:title=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;file:///C:\Users\Alex\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image004.emz&quot;&gt;
&lt;/v:imagedata&gt;&lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Cordia New&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDeWf9N7x949upHJX2EyFssSJMAwkIYArQeRDqhVmMFPKkoN08Syv1YQgyco_fJgvcK0XXazI8rCXBf14Oem7FnSQ2QKp0vvnAKdwqvbVhANTvfjrKfb19E-oCY5hs4opz57N7lerxIaew/s1600/variable.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDeWf9N7x949upHJX2EyFssSJMAwkIYArQeRDqhVmMFPKkoN08Syv1YQgyco_fJgvcK0XXazI8rCXBf14Oem7FnSQ2QKp0vvnAKdwqvbVhANTvfjrKfb19E-oCY5hs4opz57N7lerxIaew/s400/variable.png&quot; height=&quot;206&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Cordia New&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;cortes&amp;lt;-round(dhist_breaks(Edad,a=5*iqr(Edad),nbins=nclass.Sturges(Edad)),1)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;
resultados(Edad,cortes)&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [15,20)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
[20,23)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [23,26.7)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [26.7,32)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
[32,38.8)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [38.8,46)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [46,52.5) &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 24&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 50&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 42&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 29&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 38&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 29&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 34 &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;[52.5,62.5)
[62.5,74.2)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [74.2,90] &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 24&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 20&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Cordia New, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;Al
realizar el histograma de intervalos variables se tuvieron en cuenta el número
de intervalos de la regla de Sturges. Notamos que esté si tiene en cuenta las edades
que tienen altas frecuencias, en el segundo y tercer intervalo. Esto mejora
notablemente en comparación de los cortes de los histogramas de intervalos de
ancho fijo. Sin embargo, no se logro detallar de forma adecuada las
observaciones atípicas, tal como se observan en el siguiente box-plot&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;v:shape id=&quot;Imagen_x0020_11&quot; o:spid=&quot;_x0000_i1025&quot; style=&quot;height: 233.4pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 442.2pt;&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot;&gt;
 &lt;v:imagedata o:title=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;file:///C:\Users\Alex\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image005.emz&quot;&gt;
&lt;/v:imagedata&gt;&lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEge-Cq1pyPyD4Iu0Lwp5J74V4lMQXnLvD19JV9wcYDfbowXeLYGFYiSjyKP9jP16tjQv5sha6r8t1ZaUqlhW2Zd08WCtKhea3EkM16DWUElckqcXX9fI64vn1SUzTMdsG6DhNZ85A9dhvot/s1600/boxplot.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEge-Cq1pyPyD4Iu0Lwp5J74V4lMQXnLvD19JV9wcYDfbowXeLYGFYiSjyKP9jP16tjQv5sha6r8t1ZaUqlhW2Zd08WCtKhea3EkM16DWUElckqcXX9fI64vn1SUzTMdsG6DhNZ85A9dhvot/s400/boxplot.png&quot; height=&quot;206&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;Cabe
resaltar que los intervalos que se trabajaron en esté ejemplo son cerrados a
derecha. Los resultados cambian si se tiene en cuentan los intervalos cerrados
a izquierda.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;Ver también: &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2013/12/diferentes-metodos-para-definir-puntos.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Puntos de corte de una variable cuantitativa (1)&lt;/a&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/01/diferentes-metodos-para-definir-puntos_8.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Puntos de corte de una variable cuantitativa (3)&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/5597859194879840235/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/01/diferentes-metodos-para-definir-puntos.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/5597859194879840235'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/5597859194879840235'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/01/diferentes-metodos-para-definir-puntos.html' title='Diferentes métodos para definir puntos de corte de una variable cuantitativa (2)'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3TVIYNOA6Oh4Z2q8i2EOFn7acyNvG12g9u8TqU_wjVM04qkhMov2tBPdwjACe0GXgh-Q_q4b_OAaEqsns4cOdZ8ybJYowx9EUFeu13C4ApK30L_FMu4S2lT-DZ80olyHFIm7V9xArKWFh/s72-c/sturges.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-1323342532582206756</id><published>2013-12-26T12:30:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2014-01-08T22:46:50.051-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="histograma"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="puntos de corte"/><title type='text'>Diferentes métodos para definir puntos de corte de una variable cuantitativa (1)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Existen muchas formas de definir los puntos de corte de una variable cuantitativa. Esto generalmente se hace para categorizar una variable (e.d., volver una variable cuantitativa en cualitativa) para ciertos procesos de análisis. Lo que se pretende en esté es post es presentar algunos métodos comunes para realizar esto.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Cortes naturales&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;. Estos son generalmente utilizados cuando se tiene conocimiento de la variable de interés. Por ejemplo, si estamos interesados en estudiar la edad de un población según los niveles de estudios obtenidos. Entonces se Infantil (1-6 años), Primaria (6-12 años) secundaría básica (12-16 años), secundaría (16-18 años), universitario pregrado (18-23 años), universitario postgrado (23 a más años). Esta podría ser una buena alternativa siempre y cuando a priori se conozcan las variables de estudio.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Cortes equiprobables&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;. Esta alternativa consiste en definir inicialmente cuantos grupos de interés se van estudiar. Algunos autores se basan en tablas como la siguiente&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;table border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;MsoTableGrid&quot; style=&quot;border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
 &lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 224.45pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;374&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Número de datos&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 224.45pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;374&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Número de intervalos&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 224.45pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;374&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;20-50&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 224.45pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;374&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;7&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 224.45pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;374&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;50-75&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 224.45pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;374&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;10&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 224.45pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;374&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;75-100&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 224.45pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;374&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;12&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
 &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 224.45pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;374&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Más de 100&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 224.45pt;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;374&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ES-MX&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;15&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Luego definir el número de grupos a tener en cuenta, dividen el rango de datos en grupos iguales y definiendo los puntos de corte de cada intervalo.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Cortes a partir de un Histograma&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;. Similar al anterior. Aunque cabe resaltar que generalmente los programas usuales utilizan cortes de los intervalos de los histogramas con amplitud uniforme. La regla más común que utilizan los programas en este sentido es la regla de Sturges. Sin embargo, está regla funciona bien para datos que sean simétricos. Para mejorar estos tipos de particiones se recomienda las reglas de Scott (1979) o la regla de Freedman y Diaconis (1981). Otro histograma que se deberían analizar son los que utilizan intervalos de amplitudes diferentes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Cortes a partir de un método de clasificación&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;. Consiste en construir grupos a partir de métodos de clasificación como k-means o clasificación jerárquica de la variable de interés (exactamente hacer una clasificación de una sola variable). Estos métodos tienen la ventaja de construir grupos dentro homogéneos y entre heterogéneos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Cortes a partir de árboles de decisión&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;. Para utilizar estos es recomendable tener una variable auxiliar de clasificación con la cual se defina los grupos de interés a crear.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Ejemplo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Para detallar estos tipos de cortes utilizaremos los datos de la edad de consumidores de te provenientes del paquete FactoMineR (en total son 300 observaciones). Con el fin de visualizar los cortes utilizaremos dos gráficos la función de distribución acumulada empírica y&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;el histograma de densidad&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;. Con el primero gráfico&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;se lograra detallar como son los cortes según la forma de los datos. Con el segundo gráfico&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;a diferencia del histograma convencional en el cual la altura habla del número de observaciones, con el histograma de densidad es el área el cual habla del número de observaciones que hay en el intervalo; otra diferencia del histograma convencional es que es &amp;nbsp;más útiles cuando los intervalos de cortes son de diferente tamaño como veremos algunos casos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Courier New&#39;, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Courier New&#39;, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;library(FactoMineR)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;data(tea)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;Edad&amp;lt;-tea$age&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;summary(Edad)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;Min. 1st Qu. &amp;nbsp;Median &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;Mean 3rd Qu. &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;Max.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; 15.00 &amp;nbsp; 23.00 &amp;nbsp; 32.00 &amp;nbsp; 37.05 &amp;nbsp; 48.00 &amp;nbsp; 90.00&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Inicialmente construimos una función para realizar el ejemplo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;resultados&amp;lt;-function(X,cortes){&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;X.cuali&amp;lt;-cut(X,cortes,include.lowest=T,right=F)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;par(mfrow=c(1,2))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;plot(ecdf(X))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;abline(v=cortes)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;hist(X,breaks=cortes,freq=F)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;summary(X.cuali)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Comenzaremos con el primer ejemplo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Cortes naturales&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Para esté ejemplo tomaremos los siguientes grupos consumidores [15,25), [25,35), [35,45), [45,60), [60,\infinty).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqipJpGpyQ7WMDvnaJ8BCumowoB8Iw-M4Yb2VMxRZqoNyHftONnkKHhOemHLb4RTjjVKNzze7d5gm0I_HHaszmsg0hcU2tbYUsHRJHOhKJVaYGSkuj2F1WGjfC64U0lnaoDRDrGulTSb6U/s1600/naturales.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqipJpGpyQ7WMDvnaJ8BCumowoB8Iw-M4Yb2VMxRZqoNyHftONnkKHhOemHLb4RTjjVKNzze7d5gm0I_HHaszmsg0hcU2tbYUsHRJHOhKJVaYGSkuj2F1WGjfC64U0lnaoDRDrGulTSb6U/s400/naturales.png&quot; height=&quot;206&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;cortes&amp;lt;-c(min(Edad),25,35,45,60,max(Edad))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; resultados(Edad,cortes)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;[15,25) [25,35) [35,45) [45,60) [60,90]&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;92 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;69 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;40 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;61 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;38&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Nótese que los cortes son adecuados. Sin embargo, &amp;nbsp;las dos últimas observaciones las agrupa en el último intervalo lo cual debería diferenciar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Cortes equiprobables&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Según la tabla anterior como se tienen 300 observaciones entonces se utilizan 15 cortes. Para realizar esto realizaremos los cortes con la función &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;pretty&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwAQbV_HnSDT-QfIuz8Chi__2AIcj_IbqSLsgtFP_0Sd3QDLojSQ1Hyd0SIWOUlLrBRzoJmYfG82wZCQtLeMPZ_UwqQjoBKf6fj2F3NHv3BCFkdu1FLCZF8bQ9IdEjDK7Q-xZSCBvDYiT4/s1600/Equiprobables.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwAQbV_HnSDT-QfIuz8Chi__2AIcj_IbqSLsgtFP_0Sd3QDLojSQ1Hyd0SIWOUlLrBRzoJmYfG82wZCQtLeMPZ_UwqQjoBKf6fj2F3NHv3BCFkdu1FLCZF8bQ9IdEjDK7Q-xZSCBvDYiT4/s400/Equiprobables.png&quot; height=&quot;206&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;cortes&amp;lt;-pretty(Edad,15)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt; resultados(Edad,cortes)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;[15,20) [20,25) [25,30) [30,35) [35,40) [40,45) [45,50) [50,55) [55,60) [60,65)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;24 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;68 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;44 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;25 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;24 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;16 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;29 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;21 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;11 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 9&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;[65,70) [70,75) [75,80) [80,85) [85,90]&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 7 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;12 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 7 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 1 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;A al realizar muchos cortes, el histograma representa muy bien la forma de los datos. Sin embargo, esto dificultaría para otro tipo de análisis.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ver también: &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/01/diferentes-metodos-para-definir-puntos.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Puntos de Cortes de una variable Cuantitativa (2)&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2014/01/diferentes-metodos-para-definir-puntos_8.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Puntos de Cortes de una variable Cuantitativa (3)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/1323342532582206756/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2013/12/diferentes-metodos-para-definir-puntos.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/1323342532582206756'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/1323342532582206756'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2013/12/diferentes-metodos-para-definir-puntos.html' title='Diferentes métodos para definir puntos de corte de una variable cuantitativa (1)'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqipJpGpyQ7WMDvnaJ8BCumowoB8Iw-M4Yb2VMxRZqoNyHftONnkKHhOemHLb4RTjjVKNzze7d5gm0I_HHaszmsg0hcU2tbYUsHRJHOhKJVaYGSkuj2F1WGjfC64U0lnaoDRDrGulTSb6U/s72-c/naturales.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-7961290478278064676</id><published>2013-12-23T12:48:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2013-12-23T12:48:39.460-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="curso de estadística"/><title type='text'>Cursos MOOC de Estadística</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;table align=&quot;center&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.territoriocreativo.es/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/jantofg_TcBlog3_MOOC_7.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;213&quot; src=&quot;http://www.territoriocreativo.es/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/jantofg_TcBlog3_MOOC_7.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Tomado de&amp;nbsp;http://www.territoriocreativo.es/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/jantofg_TcBlog3_MOOC_7.jpg&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hace poco leía sobre los cursos MOOC &amp;nbsp;(Massive Open Online Course) o traducidos al castellano como&amp;nbsp;Cursos en Línea Masivos y Abiertos. Estos cursos consiste en cursos disponibles para todo público en general. Los hay desde matemática básica hasta de programación avanzada. En latinoamericana existen dos webs reconocidas de habla hispana&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://wedubox.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Wedubox&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;y&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.miriadax.net/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Miríada X&lt;/a&gt;. Otra web en ingles muy reconocida también de estos tipos de cursos son los ofrecidos por&lt;span class=&quot;apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.coursera.org/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Coursera&lt;/a&gt;. Algunas características descritas en Wikipedia&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=919592615853564798#_ftn1&quot; name=&quot;_ftnref1&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoFootnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportFootnotes]--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoFootnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;[1]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; son:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;Ser un curso: Debe contar con una estructura orientada al aprendizaje, que suele conllevar una serie de pruebas o de evaluaciones para acreditar el conocimiento adquirido.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;Tener carácter masivo: El número de posibles matriculados es, en principio, ilimitado, o bien en una cantidad muy superior a la que podría contarse en un curso presencial. El alcance es global.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;En línea: El curso es a distancia, e Internet es el principal medio de comunicación. No requiere la asistencia a un aula.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;Abierto: Los materiales son accesibles de forma gratuita en Internet. Ello no implica que puedan ser reutilizados en otros cursos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
Algunos cursos de estadística en español son los siguientes:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.miriadax.net/web/estadistica-investigadores-2edicion&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Estadística para investigadores: Todo lo que quiso saber&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.miriadax.net/web/aprende-analisis-estadistico-datos-r-2edicion&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Aprende Análisis Estadístico de Datos con R&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.miriadax.net/web/estadistica-descriptiva-2edicion&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Estadística descriptiva&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.miriadax.net/web/probabilidad-basica-2edicion&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Probabilidad básica&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.miriadax.net/web/analisis-estadistico-basico-spss&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Análisis Estadístico Básico con SPSS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Otros interesante de Estadística en Ingles son los siguientes:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.coursera.org/course/compdata&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Computing for Data Analysis&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.coursera.org/course/statreasoning&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Statistical Reasoning for Public Health: Estimation, Inference, &amp;amp; Interpretation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.coursera.org/course/statistics&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Data Analysis and Statistical Inference&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.coursera.org/course/compmethods&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Computational Methods for Data Analysis&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.coursera.org/course/datan&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Core Concepts in Data Analysis&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
El beneficio de estos cursos es el aprendizaje. Sin embargo, si se desea obtener un certificado se debe pagar cierto costo.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;hr align=&quot;left&quot; size=&quot;1&quot; width=&quot;33%&quot; /&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;MsoFootnoteText&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=919592615853564798#_ftnref1&quot; name=&quot;_ftn1&quot; title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoFootnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;!--[if !supportFootnotes]--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoFootnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: ES-MX; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;&quot;&gt;[1]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/MOOC&quot;&gt;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/MOOC&lt;/a&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div id=&quot;ftn1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/7961290478278064676/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2013/12/cursos-mooc-de-estadistica.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/7961290478278064676'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/7961290478278064676'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2013/12/cursos-mooc-de-estadistica.html' title='Cursos MOOC de Estadística'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-7382931194552692918</id><published>2013-08-25T07:54:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2013-10-07T13:19:00.740-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Excel"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="RExcel"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="software R"/><title type='text'>Actualizando R y la conexión de RExcel</title><content type='html'>Ya hace algún tiempo comentaba de un paquete interesante el cual combina R y Excel, llamado &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2010/06/excel-y-el-software-r-rexcel_28.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;RExcel&lt;/a&gt;. Sin embargo, constantemente con las actualizaciones de los programas, debí actualizar mi R y tuve muchos inconvenientes los cuales quiero describir como los logre solucionar.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;
Actualizando R&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Constantemente el software R esta realizando actualizaciones. Sin embargo, al realizar esta actualización posiblemente los paquetes que tenía en la versión anterior no están en la nueva versión, la razón, los paquetes instalados para la versión anterior solo fueron útiles para está, mientras que para la nueva versión los paquetes no funcionan adecuadamente. Buscando la mejor manera de instalar los paquetes y que poderlos trabajar en la nueva versión encontre la solución la cual describo a continuación&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Instala la nueva versión sin borrar la versión anterior.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Antes de borrar la versión anterior, ubique la carpeta de los paquetes instalados y cópiela en la misma dirección de la nueva versión (e.g. mi versión anterior era &amp;nbsp;R 2.12.2 y quería actualizarla a R 3.0.1 entonces la dirección de mis paquetes en la versión anterior era &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;C:\Program Files\R\R-2.12.2\library&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp; por lo cual copié todo en contenido de está carpeta y la pegué en la dirección de mi nueva versión la cual era está &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;C:\Program Files\R\R-3.0.1\library&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Borre la versión anterior.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Ejecute la siguiente linea en la nueva versión de R &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;update.packages(checkBuilt=TRUE, ask=FALSE).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Listo ya tenemos la nueva versión con los paquetes actualizados de la versión anterior.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Todo lo anterior está documentado en las ayudas de R (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.laqee.unal.edu.co/CRAN/bin/windows/base/rw-FAQ.html#What_0027s-the-best-way-to-upgrade_003f&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;ver aquí&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Ahora, si se quiere descargar todos los paquetes de la nueva versión solo se deben ejecutar las siguientes lineas&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;x&amp;lt;-new.packages()&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;install.packages(x)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Actualizando RExcel&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Ahora como he actualizado mi versión R, perdí la&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;conexión&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;de RExcel y por lo tanto me salia un aviso diciendo los siguiente&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;R Server not available&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;There seems to be no R process connected to Excel&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Entonces de que manera puedo recuperar está conexión. La solución fue la siguiente&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
1. Verifiquemos que la nueva versión de R está en el registro (pare ello realizamos lo siguiente inicio-&amp;gt;ejecutar escribimos regedit y buscamos lo siguiente &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\R-core\R\InstallPath&lt;/span&gt;, debe aparecer las versión anteriores de R y la versión actual de R, solo dejamos la versión acutal).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
2. Registramos la versión actual ejecutando el programa &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;RSetReg.exe&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;(en mi caso el programa está en la carpeta de instalación de mi nueva versión de R &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;C:\Program Files\R\R-3.0.1\bin\i386&lt;/span&gt;, solo le damos y clic y listo).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
4. Ejecutamos las siguientes lineas en la nueva versión de R&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; update.packages(checkBuilt=TRUE, ask=FALSE)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; library(rcom)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; comRegisterRegistry()&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; library(RExcelInstaller)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; installRExcel()&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
5.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;Listo ya tenemos la conexión de RExcel con la nueva versión.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: inherit;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Todo lo anterior está documentado en las ayudas de la pagina de &lt;a href=&quot;http://rcom.univie.ac.at/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Statcon&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://homepage.univie.ac.at/erich.neuwirth/php/rcomwiki/doku.php?id=wiki:rexcel_and_multiple_versions_of_r&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;ver aquí&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://homepage.univie.ac.at/erich.neuwirth/php/rcomwiki/doku.php?id=wiki:how_to_upgrade_r_with_our_packages_installed&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;ver aquí&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Ver también: &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2009/11/ventajas-del-r-coomander_28.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Ventajas de R-commader&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2009/06/estadistica-y-el-r-commander_15.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Estadística y el R-commander&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/7382931194552692918/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2013/08/actualizando-r-y-la-conexion-de-rexcel.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/7382931194552692918'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/7382931194552692918'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2013/08/actualizando-r-y-la-conexion-de-rexcel.html' title='Actualizando R y la conexión de RExcel'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-1573477104898779664</id><published>2013-07-29T09:00:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2013-07-29T09:00:03.798-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="astroestadística"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="astronomía"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="clasificación"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="cluster"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="mclust"/><title type='text'>Una aplicación estadística de los métodos de clasificación en astronomía</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi685sDEZFpJx40sqabB3SvJLxZqSLaptuHRoEgdU-5ALINjMTHkA2V4z7xBWI2c2thQAos1wVoNXP1Y-ev2yNB_7VHEjnjSIAN0Jifr3BWcFuGuUBOXjx5XK6NtPeoTsLU2O-_f-ujs0x6/s1600/G4.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;319&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi685sDEZFpJx40sqabB3SvJLxZqSLaptuHRoEgdU-5ALINjMTHkA2V4z7xBWI2c2thQAos1wVoNXP1Y-ev2yNB_7VHEjnjSIAN0Jifr3BWcFuGuUBOXjx5XK6NtPeoTsLU2O-_f-ujs0x6/s320/G4.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;En el evento del XXIII Simposio Internacional de Estadística de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia realizado en Bogotá, se presento el trabajo &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;Una aplicación estadística de los métodos de clasificación en astronomía&quot;. A continuación se describe un resumen del trabajo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: small; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;Resumen&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;En el último siglo, la astronomía y la estadística se han acercado para comprender fenómenos astronómicos y para el manejo de una gran base de datos arrojados por satélites y telescopios utilizando las técnicas estadísticas.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Esto ha llevado a que estas disciplinas se complementen para formar una rama llamada la astroestadística.&lt;/div&gt;
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En este trabajo se da a conocer un método de clasificación estadístico denominado &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2012/08/clasificacion-utilizando-modelos-mixtos.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;clasificación basada en mixtura de modelos gaussianos&lt;/a&gt; (Fraley &amp;amp; Raftery 2002, Fraley et al. 2012).&lt;/div&gt;
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Con esté método se encontrará estrellas que pertenecen al supercluster de Hyades usando una muestra de 2719 estrellas de la base de datos de Hipparcos tomados de Perryman et al. (1998).&lt;/div&gt;
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Se realizará una descripción breve de las características del cluster, y observar si existen outliers, los cuales indican presencia de estrellas fuera de la secuencia principal.&lt;/div&gt;
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Referencias&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
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Fraley, C. &amp;amp; Raftery, A. E. (2002), &#39;Model-based Clustering, Discriminant Analysis and Density Estimation&#39;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;i&gt;Journal of the American Statistical Association 97, 611 631.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Fraley, C., Raftery, A. E., Murphy, T. B. &amp;amp; Scrucca, L. (2012), mclust version 4 for R: Normal Mixture&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;i&gt;Modeling for Model-Based Clustering, Classi cation, and Density Estimation, Technical report no.&lt;i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;i&gt;&lt;i&gt;597, Department of Statistics, University of Washington.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Perryman, M. A. C., Brown, A. G. A., Lebreton, Y., Gómez, A., Turon, C., Cayrel de Strobel, G.,&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;i&gt;Mermilliod, J. C., Robichon, N., Kovalevsky, J. &amp;amp; Crifo, F. (1998), &#39;The Hyades: distance, structure,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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dynamics, and age&#39;, Astronomy and Astrophysics 331, 81 120.&lt;/div&gt;
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Sabogal-Martínez, B., García-Varela, J., Higera G., M., Uribe, A. &amp;amp; Brieva, E. (2001), &#39;Membership in&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;display: inline !important;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;display: inline !important;&quot;&gt;
&lt;i&gt;the Region of the open cluster NGC 2244&#39;, Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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La presentación realizada en el XXIII Simposio Internacional se puede descargar en el siguiente enlace.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.google.com/file/d/0BypJJ6UBk_BRS1ZLWmgzUENUemc/edit?usp=sharing&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Presentación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ver también:&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2011/01/analisis-de-la-informalidad-y-subempleo.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Análisis de la Informalidad y Subempleo en Ibagué 2008&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2012/08/clasificacion-utilizando-modelos-mixtos.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Clasificación utilizando modelos mixtos gaussianos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/1573477104898779664/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2013/07/una-aplicacion-estadistica-de-los.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/1573477104898779664'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/1573477104898779664'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2013/07/una-aplicacion-estadistica-de-los.html' title='Una aplicación estadística de los métodos de clasificación en astronomía'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi685sDEZFpJx40sqabB3SvJLxZqSLaptuHRoEgdU-5ALINjMTHkA2V4z7xBWI2c2thQAos1wVoNXP1Y-ev2yNB_7VHEjnjSIAN0Jifr3BWcFuGuUBOXjx5XK6NtPeoTsLU2O-_f-ujs0x6/s72-c/G4.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-24227093400850744</id><published>2013-07-27T09:49:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2013-07-27T09:49:31.414-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="bajo peso al nacer"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="cartas de control"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="modelos lineales generalizados"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="monitoreo de perfiles"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="regresión logística"/><title type='text'>Una aplicación en el monitoreo de perfiles para el bajo peso en recién nacidos en el Departamento del Tolima 2003-2007</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;En el evento del XXIII Simposio Internacional de Estadística de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia realizado en Bogotá, se presento el trabajo &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;Una aplicación en el monitoreo de perfiles para el&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;bajo peso en&amp;nbsp;recién&amp;nbsp;nacidos en el Departamento&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;del Tolima 2003-2007&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&quot;. A continuación se describe un resumen del trabajo.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: small; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;Resumen&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Actualmente en Colombia y en especial en el Departamento del Tolima se ha estudiado muy&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;poco con respecto al bajo peso de los niños al nacer y sus posibles causas; dado el incremento de la&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;población durante los próximos años, según la UNICEF (2008), se cree que más niños van a nacer con&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;bajo peso, dada las condiciones socioeconómicas y culturales de las madres en los país en desarrollo.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;i style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/i&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Durante algún tiempo se ha incrementado el uso de la grá cas de control de calidad al sector&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;de la vigilancia y salud pública, particularmente el monitoreo de per les (Tsui et al. 2008). Kang &amp;amp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;Albin (2000), Kim et al. (2003), iniciaron investigaciones en el monitoreo de per les en control de&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;calidad; inicialmente los primeros trabajos hacían referencia a per les de tipo lineal, posteriormente&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;otros trabajos se han extendido a diferentes tipos de modelos. Yeh et al. (2009) estudian el uso&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;de los Modelos Lineales Generalizados (MLG) en el monitoreo de per les para datos con respuesta&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;binaria.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;i style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/i&gt;
&lt;i style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;Este trabajo pretende retomar la metodología del monitoreo de per les para datos binomiales,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;tomando como variable respuesta el bajo peso de los niños al nacer en el departamento del Tolima&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;2003-2007, y como variables regresoras un conjunto que determinen posibles causas del mismo.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;i style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/i&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, se procede a construir un MLG, determinando aquellas variables&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;in uyentes en el bajo peso de los niños al nacer. Posteriormente se construirán esquemas de grá cos de&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;control multivariados, los cuales permiten chequear la relación funcional del modelo inicial, mirando&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;los parámetros de manera mensual, y encontrando en cuales de los meses entre los años 2003-2007,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;hubo un cambio en el modelo.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;
&lt;i style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Referencias&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
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Kang, L. &amp;amp; Albin, S. L. (2000), `On-line monitoring when the process yield a linear pro le&#39;, Journal of&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;display: inline !important;&quot;&gt;
Quality Techology 32(4), 418 426.&lt;/div&gt;
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Kim, K., Mahmoud, M. A. &amp;amp; Woodall, W. H. (2003), `On the monitoring of linear pro lies&#39;, Journal of&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;display: inline !important;&quot;&gt;
Quality Techology 35(3), 317 328.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Tsui, K., Chiu, W., Gierlich, P., Goldsman, D., Liu, X. &amp;amp; Maschek, T. (2008), `A review of healthcare,&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;display: inline !important;&quot;&gt;
public health, and syndromic surveillance&#39;, Quality Engineering 20(4), 435 450.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;i&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;display: inline !important;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
UNICEF (2008), `Estado mundial de la infancia: supervivencia infantil&#39;.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;i&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;display: inline !important;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;i&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;display: inline !important;&quot;&gt;
Yeh, A. B., Huwang, L. &amp;amp; Li, Y.-M. (2009), `Pro le monitoring for a binary response&#39;, IIE Transactions&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;display: inline !important;&quot;&gt;
41, 931 941.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;La presentación realizada en el Tercer Encuentro Nacional de Matemáticas y Estadística se puede descargar en el siguiente enlace.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.google.com/file/d/0BypJJ6UBk_BRdkFPSDdiSHREQWs/edit?usp=sharing&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Presentación&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;El poster presentado en el&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;XXIII Simposio Internacional de Estadística se puede descargar en el siguiente enlace&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.google.com/file/d/0BypJJ6UBk_BRLWFYSVZtYjBEazQ/edit?usp=sharing&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Poster&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;&quot;&gt;Ver también: &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2010/10/monitoreo-de-perfiles-para-datos-de.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Monitoreo de perfiles para datos de conteo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2010/09/algunas-definiciones-en-control-de.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Algunas definiciones en Control de Calidad Estadística&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/24227093400850744/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2013/07/una-aplicacion-en-el-monitoreo-de.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/24227093400850744'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/24227093400850744'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2013/07/una-aplicacion-en-el-monitoreo-de.html' title='Una aplicación en el monitoreo de perfiles para el bajo peso en recién nacidos en el Departamento del Tolima 2003-2007'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-1703646746856566090</id><published>2012-10-10T20:28:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2012-10-10T20:28:47.212-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="actitud hacia las matemáticas"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="análisis de componentes principales categórico"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="CATPCA"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="matemáticas"/><title type='text'>Construcción de un índice de actitud hacia las matemáticas</title><content type='html'>En el evento del II encuentro internacional de meta-matemáticas en la Universidad Sergio Arboleda de Bogotá, se presento la comunicación &quot;Construcción de un índice de &amp;nbsp;actitud hacia las matemáticas para estudiantes de primer semestre de ingenierías de la Fundación Universitaria Los Libertadores 2011-II&quot;. A continuación se describe un resumen del trabajo.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
Resumen&lt;/h3&gt;
En este trabajo se presenta la construcción de un índice que permite evaluar las actitudes hacia las matemáticas para estudiantes de ingeniería de la Fundación Universitaria Los Libertadores 2011-2 utilizando técnicas estadística multivariadas.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
El proceso de construcción de índices sintéticos (combinación ponderada de índices simples) utilizando métodos multivariados ha sido bastante útil en el ámbito de las investigaciones (Aluja &amp;amp; Morineau, 1999). Becerra (2010) estudia varias técnicas de construcción de índices sintéticos, entre ellos el Análisis de Componentes Principales Categórico (CATPCA). Está técnica permite transformar variables de tipo cualitativo a variables de tipo cuantitativo mediante asignaciones óptimas (valores numéricos) de las categorías de cada variable (de Leeuw &amp;amp; Mair, 2009). Actualmente una escala de Actitudes hacia las Matemáticas (AM) es estudiada mediante la validación del instrumento (cuestionario estructurado de preguntas), midiendo la confiabilidad y la validez del mismo según la población de estudio. Sin embargo, no se ha considerado la construcción de un índice de las AM. Este hecho, originó la propuesta y desarrollo de este trabajo, donde se presenta la construcción de un Índice de Actitudes hacia las Matemáticas (IAM) para estudiantes de ingeniería de la Fundación Universitaria Los Libertadores 2011-2 utilizando CATPCA.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Para ello se utilizó una versión de la escala de AM propuesta por Auzmendi (1992), la cual fue validada por Tejero-González &amp;amp; Castro-Morera (2011) en el ámbito estadístico mediante el análisis factorial confirmatorio. Lo anterior considerando tres dimensiones: respuesta fisiológica de no ansiedad, predisposición positiva y activa, percepción de utilidad e importancia. Con el IAM se obtuvieron índices en general y para cada dimensión, los cuales permitieron evaluar las AM de los estudiantes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
REFERENCIAS&lt;/h3&gt;
Aluja, T., &amp;amp; Morineau, A. (1999). Variables de síntesis y construcción de índices. Aprender de los datos: el análisis de componentes principales. Una aproximación desde el Data Mining (pp. 97–99). Barcelona: EUB.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Auzmendi, E. (1992). Las actitudes hacia la matemática-estadística en las enseñanzas medias y universitarias: Características y medición. Mensajero.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Becerra, M. (2010). Comparación del análisis factorial múltiple (AFM) y del análisis en componentes principales para datos cualitativos (Prinqual), en la construcción de índices. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Retrieved from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bdigital.unal.edu.co/3029/1/832213.2010.pdf&quot;&gt;http://www.bdigital.unal.edu.co/3029/1/832213.2010.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
de Leeuw, J., &amp;amp; Mair, P. (2009). Gifi Methods for Optimal Scaling in R: The Package homals. Journal of Statistical Software, 31(4), 1–21. Retrieved from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jstatsoft.org/v31/i04&quot;&gt;http://www.jstatsoft.org/v31/i04&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tejero-González, C., &amp;amp; Castro-Morera, M. (2011). Validación de la escala de actitudes hacia la estadística en estudiantes españoles de ciencias de la actividad física y del deporte. Revista Colombiana de Estadística, 34(1), 1–14. Retrieved from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.emis.de/journals/RCE/V34/v34n1a01.pdf&quot;&gt;http://www.emis.de/journals/RCE/V34/v34n1a01.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
La presentación realizada la pueden descargar en los siguiente enlace:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.google.com/open?id=0BypJJ6UBk_BRdXN0XzhwaWRjWU0&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Presentación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ver también &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2009/09/ensenar-matematicas-o-estadistica_11.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Enseñar matemáticas o estadística&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2009/08/estudiar-matematicas_12.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Estudiar matemáticas&lt;/a&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/1703646746856566090/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2012/10/construccion-de-un-indice-de-actitud.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/1703646746856566090'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/1703646746856566090'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2012/10/construccion-de-un-indice-de-actitud.html' title='Construcción de un índice de actitud hacia las matemáticas'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-3322988782285585326</id><published>2012-08-25T22:49:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2012-08-29T18:59:13.649-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="clasificación"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="cluster"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="mclust"/><title type='text'>Clasificación utilizando modelos mixtos gausianos</title><content type='html'>Hace poco leía sobre el problema de utilizar &lt;a href=&quot;http://analisisydecision.es/un-peligro-del-analisis-cluster/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;análisis de cluster cuando los grupos eran muy homogeneos&lt;/a&gt;. El autor soluciono este inconveniente utilizando &lt;a href=&quot;http://analisisydecision.es/686/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Máquinas de Vector Soporte (SVM)&lt;/a&gt;. Sin embargo, la solución no me parece conveniente, porque para utilizar este procedimiento se debe tener una muestra de la cual se conozca los grupos, para considerar un modelo que permita discriminar. La cosa es que si en la muestra no tengo&amp;nbsp;conocimiento&amp;nbsp;de los grupos entonces no puedo utilizar está&amp;nbsp;técnica. En vista de esto, me puse a investigar diferentes técnicas de clasificación y&amp;nbsp;encontré&amp;nbsp;una técnica muy interesante que permite clasificar, discriminar y estimar funciones de densidad &amp;nbsp;utilizando mixtura de modelos normales. El paquete en R se llama &lt;a href=&quot;http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/mclust/index.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;mclust&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Para mirar su uso utilicemos el mismo ejercicio propuesto por rvaquerizo con el siguiente&amp;nbsp;código:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;#GRUPO 1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;x = runif(500,70,90)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;y = runif(500,70,90)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;grupo1 = data.frame(cbind(x,y))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;grupo1$grupo = 1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;#GRUPO 2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;x = runif(1000,10,40)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;y = runif(1000,10,40)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;grupo2 = data.frame(cbind(x,y))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;grupo2$grupo = 2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;#GRUPO 3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;x = runif(3000,0,100)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;y = runif(3000,0,100)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;grupo3.1 = data.frame(cbind(x,y))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;grupo3.1$separacion=(x+y)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;grupo3.1 = subset(grupo3.1,separacion&amp;gt;=80 &amp;amp; separacion &amp;lt;=140,select=-separacion)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;grupo3.1 = subset(grupo3.1,y&amp;gt;0)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;grupo3.1$grupo = 3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;#UNIMOS TODOS LOS GRUPOS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;total=rbind(grupo1,grupo2,grupo3.1)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;plot(total$x,total$y,col=c(1,2,3)[total$grupo])&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Con ello obtenemos el siguiente gráfico:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWlFZpOkg4idZWPuekbS6GYD8Qfl3gAtCJkmatPeB3IHoSMJYyd5T6WXrzcwAgJdZMGOTm3F80l6ZRISY5m8r86nV7hsENOgUnBVWsWg9PPhCririvbmf2gnryckMpaE5z08_zpPPrI-FJ/s1600/Rplot.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;253&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWlFZpOkg4idZWPuekbS6GYD8Qfl3gAtCJkmatPeB3IHoSMJYyd5T6WXrzcwAgJdZMGOTm3F80l6ZRISY5m8r86nV7hsENOgUnBVWsWg9PPhCririvbmf2gnryckMpaE5z08_zpPPrI-FJ/s320/Rplot.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
Para utilizar la librería mclust, utilizamos el&amp;nbsp;siguiente&amp;nbsp;código:&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;library(mclust)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;model&amp;lt;-Mclust(total[,1:2],G=3)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &#39;Courier New&#39;, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;summary(model,parameters=TRUE)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;----------------------------------------------------&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;Gaussian finite mixture model fitted by EM algorithm&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;----------------------------------------------------&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;Mclust VVV (ellipsoidal, varying volume, shape, and orientation) model with 3 components:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;log.likelihood &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;n df &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; BIC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; -26758.73 3016 17 -53653.66&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;Clustering table:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;1 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;2 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;3&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;503 1000 1513&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;Mixing probabilities:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 1 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 2 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 3&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;0.1667109 0.3284570 0.5048321&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;Means:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; [,1] &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; [,2] &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; [,3]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;x 79.92795 24.61028 54.66005&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;y 79.64007 24.77596 53.36168&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;Variances:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;[,,1]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; x &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;x 33.582877 &amp;nbsp;3.628248&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;y &amp;nbsp;3.628248 39.125187&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;[,,2]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; x &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;x 76.488172 &amp;nbsp;3.252094&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;y &amp;nbsp;3.252094 73.789833&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;[,,3]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; x &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;x &amp;nbsp;699.3611 -537.9111&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;y -537.9111 &amp;nbsp;677.0459&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
Notese que al utilizar el paquete el considera la mixtura de tres normales bivariadas, en la cual se observa los parámetros de cada normal bivariada. Para considerar la mixtura el considera a cada normal con la siguientes probabilidades 0.1667109, 0.3284570, 0.5048321. Para observar gráficamente la clasificación utilizamos plot(model) y obtenemos las siguientes gráficas:&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSfWx93owi7SmppTAqhXCUEfRfPF0lJzOBR8ygKh_Lln988IEeFHlmTvjd64lwor1X_KKPsUz-0rvWzTWh0lUnKnn4u4jTXDf2ixl-WWuHOlXkhT-ggMvcWJeC4bFRg4ylf-z5C5Lq2PZl/s1600/Rplot02.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;253&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSfWx93owi7SmppTAqhXCUEfRfPF0lJzOBR8ygKh_Lln988IEeFHlmTvjd64lwor1X_KKPsUz-0rvWzTWh0lUnKnn4u4jTXDf2ixl-WWuHOlXkhT-ggMvcWJeC4bFRg4ylf-z5C5Lq2PZl/s320/Rplot02.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguvj1YQR0C8ondTion4vJe7pZ4d1uVqagaWZQfmP0URpGwL_MNfQv5Pjswz6gqDaW2mHrPBPN49DMbLWVzGckWGuCvevGdjUylpCJH4NwD5Zg4yThrc1ZGvPUDi5XndiiOiD74_BzqJCGO/s1600/Rplot03.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;253&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguvj1YQR0C8ondTion4vJe7pZ4d1uVqagaWZQfmP0URpGwL_MNfQv5Pjswz6gqDaW2mHrPBPN49DMbLWVzGckWGuCvevGdjUylpCJH4NwD5Zg4yThrc1ZGvPUDi5XndiiOiD74_BzqJCGO/s320/Rplot03.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSXn_YzMEJUo0Aon4LFAbxIipZlJdNXWVBbWqcz7DEUTbVzh1jYf-7hiWVTLWsGdNPFaKVMNKr8iGspORSubGJ5wV4WPlnryCAKvdSFOzqXDhtfkwdK83PPOEjr7AE8-6Ic7FjTfHLLMIf/s1600/Rplot04.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;253&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSXn_YzMEJUo0Aon4LFAbxIipZlJdNXWVBbWqcz7DEUTbVzh1jYf-7hiWVTLWsGdNPFaKVMNKr8iGspORSubGJ5wV4WPlnryCAKvdSFOzqXDhtfkwdK83PPOEjr7AE8-6Ic7FjTfHLLMIf/s320/Rplot04.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
Notese que la clasificación utilizando la&amp;nbsp;mixtura&amp;nbsp;de modelos normales es baste buena. graficando la clasificación obtemos lo siguiente&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;clust&amp;lt;-predict(model)$classification&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;plot(total$x,total$y,col=c(1,3,2)[clust])&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSdDcI7KFTCd5-b_ZSCcs_GklIAinRPC00XXaJ0zfXL-F8vKj72Nc8rQAonYQZyyNXEhk7sDnE4fsNfSEBymaIQGsU3N9zaxEDRZziCKgS2txSLbXT25_u95Z4daP32Su59P23KZe2ldZP/s1600/Rplot05.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;253&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSdDcI7KFTCd5-b_ZSCcs_GklIAinRPC00XXaJ0zfXL-F8vKj72Nc8rQAonYQZyyNXEhk7sDnE4fsNfSEBymaIQGsU3N9zaxEDRZziCKgS2txSLbXT25_u95Z4daP32Su59P23KZe2ldZP/s320/Rplot05.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
para mirar que tan buena es la clasificación utilizamos lo siguiente:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;addmargins(table(total$grupo,c(1,2,3)[clust]))&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;1 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;2 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;3 &amp;nbsp;Sum&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; 1 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;500 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;0 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;0 &amp;nbsp;500&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; 2 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;0 1000 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;0 1000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; 3 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;3 &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;0 1513 1516&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; Sum &amp;nbsp;503 1000 1513 3016&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
El error de mala clasificación es de 3/3016=0.00099469. Esta&amp;nbsp;clasificación&amp;nbsp;es excelente.</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/3322988782285585326/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2012/08/clasificacion-utilizando-modelos-mixtos.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/3322988782285585326'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/3322988782285585326'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2012/08/clasificacion-utilizando-modelos-mixtos.html' title='Clasificación utilizando modelos mixtos gausianos'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWlFZpOkg4idZWPuekbS6GYD8Qfl3gAtCJkmatPeB3IHoSMJYyd5T6WXrzcwAgJdZMGOTm3F80l6ZRISY5m8r86nV7hsENOgUnBVWsWg9PPhCririvbmf2gnryckMpaE5z08_zpPPrI-FJ/s72-c/Rplot.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-8406463695330272906</id><published>2011-06-22T19:46:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2011-06-22T19:46:45.689-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="bibliografía"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="doctorado"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="maestría"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="trabajo de grado"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Universidad Nacional"/><title type='text'>Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Nacional</title><content type='html'>&lt;table align=&quot;center&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bdigital.unal.edu.co/style/images/body_repositorio_home.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;166&quot; src=&quot;http://www.bdigital.unal.edu.co/style/images/body_repositorio_home.jpg&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Fuente: http://www.bdigital.unal.edu.co/style/images/body_repositorio_home.jpg&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bdigital.unal.edu.co/&quot;&gt;El Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia&lt;/a&gt; es un proyecto con el cual se desea&amp;nbsp; administran, preservan y difunden todas las obras monográficas que se han producido en dicha Universidad. Esto incluyende libros, 
tesis y trabajos de grado, trabajos docentes, entre otros.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Este ha sido una base de información valiosa&amp;nbsp; con el cual se cuanta muchos trabajos de Maestría, Doctorado y pregrado que se han venido realizando en cada una de las sedes que tiene esta Universidad y en cada uno de las facultades y demás. Se las recomiendo.&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/8406463695330272906/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2011/06/repositorio-institucional-de-la.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/8406463695330272906'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/8406463695330272906'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2011/06/repositorio-institucional-de-la.html' title='Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Nacional'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:featurename>Universidad Nacional - Bogotá, Colombia</georss:featurename><georss:point>4.6369112 -74.079362199999991</georss:point><georss:box>-35.4493963 -133.8449872 44.7232187 -14.313737199999991</georss:box></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-8992897302454907051</id><published>2011-04-29T13:35:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2011-04-29T13:35:06.615-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Jornada Regional de Matemáticas y estadística"/><title type='text'>Encuentro Nacional de Matemáticas y Estadística</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Próximamente la Facultad de Ciencias Básicas de la Universidad del Tolima, realizara el Primer Encuentro de Matemáticas y Estadística, los días del 11-13 de Mayo del 2011 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: tahoma, geneva, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;en Ibagué Colombia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Se contara en este evento con personalidades muy reconocidas en el ámbito Nacional como Fabio Nieto, Liliana Lopez Klein, Julio Luque, Arnold Oostra, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gutierrezandres.com/blog/2011/04/otro-evento-de-estadistica-en-colombia/&quot;&gt;Andrés Gutiérrez&lt;/a&gt;, entre otros.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Se esperamos una participación masiva por parte de toda la comunidad academia interesadas en este espacio.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Cualquier información en este link&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://matestaut.videocomercio.net/&quot;&gt;http://matestaut.videocomercio.net/&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/8992897302454907051/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2011/04/encuentro-nacional-de-matematicas-y.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/8992897302454907051'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/8992897302454907051'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2011/04/encuentro-nacional-de-matematicas-y.html' title='Encuentro Nacional de Matemáticas y Estadística'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-1293082598127124178</id><published>2011-03-04T07:05:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2011-03-04T07:05:11.962-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="R"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="RStudio"/><title type='text'>RStudio</title><content type='html'>Hace poco los usuarios de R ahora pueden contar un plataforma muy amigable de este programa. Se llama el &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rstudio.org/&quot;&gt;RStudio&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rstudio.org/images/screenshots/rstudio-windows.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;265&quot; src=&quot;http://www.rstudio.org/images/screenshots/rstudio-windows.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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 Algo que me llama la atención de este la versatilidad de funcionar bajo cualquier &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rstudio.org/download/desktop&quot;&gt;plataforma&lt;/a&gt;, incluso si tenemos un servidor también se puede montar &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.rstudio.org/download/server&quot;&gt;este&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
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Ver también: &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2009/06/estadistica-y-el-r-commander_15.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Estadística y el R-Coomander&quot;&gt;Estadística y el R-Coomander&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2009/09/software-r_03.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;Software R&quot;&gt;Software R&lt;/a&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/1293082598127124178/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2011/03/rstudio.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/1293082598127124178'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/1293082598127124178'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2011/03/rstudio.html' title='RStudio'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-9165162274046865886</id><published>2011-03-04T06:54:00.003-05:00</published><updated>2011-03-04T10:03:47.206-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="gmail"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="greasemonkey"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="LaTeX"/><title type='text'>[;\LaTeX;] en Gmail</title><content type='html'>Gracias a&lt;a href=&quot;http://twitter.com/dadiazp&quot;&gt; Daniel Díaz&lt;/a&gt;, encontramos esta simpática ayuda para añadir a nuestros correos y chats de gmail formulas en $\LaTeX$. Para los usuarios de FireFox solo es instalar el &lt;a href=&quot;http://greasespot.net/&quot;&gt;greasemonkey&lt;/a&gt; y posteriormente instalar un script el &lt;a href=&quot;http://thewe.net/tex/&quot;&gt;$\TeX$ the World&lt;/a&gt;. Los invito a ver la &lt;a href=&quot;http://estocasticos.wordpress.com/2011/03/04/latex-en-gmail-y-gtalk/&quot;&gt;siguiente entrada&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
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Ver también: &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2010/06/latex-lab-y-google_28.html&quot;&gt;LaTeXLab y Google&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2010/06/googledocs-y-latex_28.html&quot;&gt;Googledoc y $\LaTeX$&lt;/a&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/9165162274046865886/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2011/03/latex-en-gmail.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/9165162274046865886'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/9165162274046865886'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2011/03/latex-en-gmail.html' title='[;\LaTeX;] en Gmail'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-919592615853564798.post-5719878024352463704</id><published>2011-01-20T19:22:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2011-07-22T14:03:25.613-05:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="clasificación mixta"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="correspondecias multiples"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="informalidad"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="subempleo"/><title type='text'>Análisis de la Informalidad y Subempleo en Ibagué 2008</title><content type='html'>El semestre pasado realice un trabajo sobre la informalidad y subempleo en Ibagué 2008 para la materia Análisis Multivariado de Datos. Este trabajo lo realice desde la Perspectiva Estadística y la verdad ha sido un desarrollo bastante interesante. La idea de este trabajo fue realizar un estudio multivariado acerca de la informalidad y subempleo en esta ciudad ya que durante bastante tiempo en Colombia esta ciudad ha tenido la tasa de desempleo más alta. En vista de la falta de empleo, las personas optan por inventarse un empleo (Informalidad) o emplearse bajo condiciones precarias, renunciando a las condiciones laborales que tiene un trabajador (subempleo).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&amp;amp;pid=explorer&amp;amp;chrome=true&amp;amp;srcid=0BypJJ6UBk_BRMWRjYzEyYTgtYWQ4ZS00NGRiLWEyYmQtN2FmNTY1M2ZjNzBk&amp;amp;hl=es&quot;&gt;Descargar informe aquí&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Este trabajo me ha parecido bueno ya que en la actualidad, solo se desarrolla análisis de estas variables ya sea en forma separada o solamente realizando estudios descriptivos univariados, sin tener en cuenta las muchas relaciones que se pueden dar con las variables si se trabajan en conjunto.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
La idea del Análisis fue aplicar Análisis de Correspondencia Multiple (ACM) a conjuntos de variables las cuales están descritas en el documento y a su vez Clasificación Mixta para realizar una descripción de estas variables.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Este es un trabajo preliminar ya que deseo considera un estudio más en conjunto utilizando Análisis Factorial Multiple (AFM).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Espero les guste este trabajo, al igual que regalen sus sugerencias para seguir mejorando el documento.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Actualización&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
En el Simposio de Estadística 2011, celebrado en Bogotá, he adelantado un poco este trabajo. Aquí dejo la presentación&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&amp;amp;pid=explorer&amp;amp;chrome=true&amp;amp;srcid=0BypJJ6UBk_BRN2Q1OGIwNTYtNzY3Ni00ODVhLTk4ZTMtZDhiMGNmMzM4ZWRl&amp;amp;hl=es&quot;&gt;Presentación&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/feeds/5719878024352463704/comments/default' title='Enviar comentarios'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2011/01/analisis-de-la-informalidad-y-subempleo.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarios'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/5719878024352463704'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/919592615853564798/posts/default/5719878024352463704'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://experienceinstatistics.blogspot.com/2011/01/analisis-de-la-informalidad-y-subempleo.html' title='Análisis de la Informalidad y Subempleo en Ibagué 2008'/><author><name>alexjzc</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/03615584334108386276</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry></feed>