https://github.com/mathoudebine/turing-smart-screen-python

Here are the steps on installing this on Ubuntu Linux. (Although there are some hiccups along the process, but I provided some fix that may work on you also)

1.  Download the zip file

   

2. Unzip the file on your desired folder

unzip turing-smart-screen-python-main.zip

3.  Install python3 and dependencies

Note: Some programs that you needed here is of course python3 and pip

sudo apt install python3
sudo apt install python3-tk
sudo apt install pip

If you did not install the dependencies, you will encounter message like this:

hendrix@freelinux:~/Downloads/turing-smart-screen-python-main$ python3 configure.py
[ERROR] Python dependencies not installed. Please follow start guide: https://github.com/mathoudebine/turing-smart-screen-python/wiki/System-monitor-:-how-to-start

Install dependencies:

python3 -m pip install -r requirements.txt

Sample Output:

hendrix@freelinux:~/Downloads/turing-smart-screen-python-main$ python3 -m pip install -r requirements.txt
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Ignoring pyadl: markers ‘sys_platform == “win32″‘ don’t match your environment
Ignoring pythonnet: markers ‘sys_platform == “win32″‘ don’t match your environment
Ignoring pywin32: markers ‘sys_platform == “win32″‘ don’t match your environment
Collecting Pillow~=9.5.0
Downloading Pillow-9.5.0-cp310-cp310-manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl (3.4 MB)
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 3.4/3.4 MB 2.4 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Collecting pyserial~=3.5
Downloading pyserial-3.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl (90 kB)
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 90.6/90.6 KB 4.5 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Collecting PyYAML~=6.0
Downloading PyYAML-6.0-cp310-cp310-manylinux_2_5_x86_64.manylinux1_x86_64.manylinux_2_12_x86_64.manylinux2010_x86_64.whl (682 kB)
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 682.2/682.2 KB 5.7 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Successfully installed Cython-0.29.36 GPUtil-1.4.0 Pillow-9.5.0 PyYAML-6.0 babel-2.12.1 psutil-5.9.5 pyamdgpuinfo-2.1.4 pyserial-3.5 pystray-0.19.4 python-xlib-0.33 ruamel.yaml-0.17.32 ruamel.yaml.clib-0.2.7 sv-ttk-2.5.3

4. Configure system monitor

python3 configure.py

You will see something like this:

5. Run the main program

python3 main.py

During installation, I encountered Permission denied error on dev/ttyACM0

hendrix@freelinux:~/Downloads/turing-smart-screen-python-main$ python3 main.py
16/07/2023 11:45:48 [INFO] Loading theme LandscapeMagicBlue from res/themes/LandscapeMagicBlue/theme.yaml
16/07/2023 11:45:49 [DEBUG] Auto detected COM port: /dev/ttyACM0
16/07/2023 11:45:49 [ERROR] Cannot open COM port /dev/ttyACM0: [Errno 13] could not open port /dev/ttyACM0: [Errno 13] Permission denied: ‘/dev/ttyACM0’

Here’s the fix: (posted by a user on Stack Overlow) https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27858041/oserror-errno-13-permission-denied-dev-ttyacm0-using-pyserial-from-pyth

a. Change the permission of the file to have read and write privileges

sudo chmod 666 /dev/ttyACM0

b.  Create a rule in /etc/udev/rules.d that will set the permissions of the device

sudo vi /etc/udev/rules.d/turing-rules

Add the following line and save:

KERNEL==”ttyACM0″, MODE=”0666″

c. Reboot the machine

shutdown -r now

After reboot, start the program again, here’s a sample output without any permission errors now

hendrix@freelinux:~/Downloads/turing-smart-screen-python-main$ python3 main.py
16/07/2023 11:53:09 [INFO] Loading theme LandscapeMagicBlue from res/themes/LandscapeMagicBlue/theme.yaml
16/07/2023 11:53:12 [DEBUG] Auto detected COM port: /dev/ttyACM0
16/07/2023 11:53:13 [DEBUG] Using Python 3.10.6 (main, May 29 2023, 11:10:38) [GCC 11.3.0]
16/07/2023 11:53:13 [INFO] Tray icon has been displayed
16/07/2023 11:53:13 [INFO] Display reset (COM port may change)…
16/07/2023 11:53:18 [DEBUG] Static COM port: /dev/ttyACM0
16/07/2023 11:53:18 [DEBUG] Drawing Image: BACKGROUND
16/07/2023 11:53:19 [DEBUG] Drawing Text: DISK_LABEL
16/07/2023 11:53:19 [DEBUG] Drawing Text: DISK_USED_LABEL

6. Run the program on startup

a. Copy the turing-smart-screen-python.service (located under the tools folder) to /etc/systemd/system/

sudo cp tools/turing-smart-screen-python.service /etc/systemd/system/

b.  Make the file as executable

sudo chmod +x /etc/systemd/system/turing-smart-screen-python.service

c. Run the following commands to enable and start via systemctl

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable turing-smart-screen-python.service
sudo systemctl start turing-smart-screen-python.service

Sample output:

hendrix@freelinux:~/turing-smart-screen-python-main$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
hendrix@freelinux:~/turing-smart-screen-python-main$ sudo systemctl enable turing-smart-screen-python.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/turing-smart-screen-python.service → /etc/systemd/system/turing-smart-screen-python.service.
hendrix@freelinux:~/turing-smart-screen-python-main$ sudo systemctl start turing-smart-screen-python.service

Now you can try to reboot again the machine and it should run automatically on startup

The post Installing Turing Smart Screen on Ubuntu Linux first appeared on Free Linux Tutorials.

1. Use “dmesg” command to display kernel-related messages like hardware and device driver initialization that takes places during the system startup. By inspecting these messages, you can have an idea if your hardware was booted or detected successfully.

sudo dmesg | grep Bluetooth

hendrix@purplehaze:~$ sudo dmesg | grep Bluetooth
[sudo] password for hendrix:
[ 7.236654] Bluetooth: Core ver 2.22
[ 7.236673] Bluetooth: HCI device and connection manager initialized
[ 7.236677] Bluetooth: HCI socket layer initialized
[ 7.236680] Bluetooth: L2CAP socket layer initialized
[ 7.236684] Bluetooth: SCO socket layer initialized
[ 7.327059] Bluetooth: hci0: CSR: Setting up dongle with HCI ver=10 rev=0089; LMP ver=10 subver=0089; manufacturer=2279
[ 7.327064] Bluetooth: hci0: CSR: Unbranded CSR clone detected; adding workarounds and force-suspending once…
[ 7.327069] Bluetooth: hci0: CSR: Couldn’t suspend the device for our Barrot 8041a02 receive-issue workaround
[ 7.327073] Bluetooth: hci0: HCI Delete Stored Link Key command is advertised, but not supported.
[ 7.327075] Bluetooth: hci0: HCI Read Default Erroneous Data Reporting command is advertised, but not supported.
[ 7.327076] Bluetooth: hci0: HCI Set Event Filter command not supported.
[ 19.618313] Bluetooth: BNEP (Ethernet Emulation) ver 1.3
[ 19.618317] Bluetooth: BNEP filters: protocol multicast
[ 19.618321] Bluetooth: BNEP socket layer initialized
[ 20.641995] Bluetooth: RFCOMM TTY layer initialized
[ 20.642006] Bluetooth: RFCOMM socket layer initialized
[ 20.642014] Bluetooth: RFCOMM ver 1.11

2. Use “lsusb” command to display information about USB buses in the system and the devices connected to them.

lsusb | grep  Blue

hendrix@purplehaze:~$ lsusb | grep Blue
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0a12:0001 Cambridge Silicon Radio, Ltd Bluetooth Dongle (HCI mode)

3.  Use “hciconfig” to configure Bluetooth devices and display basic information on device hciX installed in the system.

Use the parameter -a to display Bluetooth information.

hciconfig -a

hendrix@purplehaze:~$ hciconfig -a
hci0: Type: Primary Bus: USB
BD Address: 04:7F:0E:12:80:ED ACL MTU: 1021:9 SCO MTU: 255:4
UP RUNNING PSCAN ISCAN
RX bytes:1794 acl:0 sco:0 events:116 errors:0
TX bytes:5824 acl:0 sco:0 commands:116 errors:0
Features: 0xbf 0xee 0xcd 0xfe 0xdb 0xff 0x7b 0x87
Packet type: DM1 DM3 DM5 DH1 DH3 DH5 HV1 HV3
Link policy: RSWITCH SNIFF
Link mode: PERIPHERAL ACCEPT
Name: ‘purplehaze’
Class: 0x7c0104
Service Classes: Rendering, Capturing, Object Transfer, Audio, Telephony
Device Class: Computer, Desktop workstation
HCI Version: 5.1 (0xa) Revision: 0x89
LMP Version: 5.1 (0xa) Subversion: 0x89
Manufacturer: Barrot Technology Limited (2279)

Note:  From the output below, the USB bus is on “hci0”

To toggle the status, you can use up,down or reset

hciconfig hci0 up
hciconfig hci0 down
hciconfig hci0 reset

4. Use the command “rfkill” to enable or disable wireless devices, including bluetooth adapters.

rfkill

hendrix@purplehaze:~$ rfkill list
0: hci0: Bluetooth
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: no

You can use the following commands to enable:

rfkill unblock bluetooth

or disable:

rfkill block bluetooth

5. Use the command “lsmod”to show the status of modules in Linux Kernel

lsmod | grep -e btusb

hendrix@purplehaze:~$ lsmod | grep -e btusb
btusb 61440 0
btrtl 24576 1 btusb
btbcm 24576 1 btusb
btintel 40960 1 btusb
btmtk 16384 1 btusb
bluetooth 827392 44 btrtl,btmtk,btintel,btbcm,bnep,btusb,rfcomm

6. Use the command “hwinfo” to probe for the hardware present in the system. This command need to install using the “sudo apt install hwinfo”

hwinfo – -bluetooth

hendrix@purplehaze:~$ hwinfo –bluetooth
09: USB 00.0: 11500 Bluetooth Device
[Created at usb.122]
Unique ID: lfzD.nQKjiuCfL84
Parent ID: ADDn.4Nx_qoDfSd7
SysFS ID: /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.1/1-1.1:1.0
SysFS BusID: 1-1.1:1.0
Hardware Class: bluetooth
Model: “Cambridge Silicon Radio Bluetooth Dongle (HCI mode)“
Hotplug: USB
Vendor: usb 0x0a12 “Cambridge Silicon Radio, Ltd”
Device: usb 0x0001 “Bluetooth Dongle (HCI mode)”
Revision: “88.91”
Driver: “btusb”
Driver Modules: “btusb”
Speed: 12 Mbps
Module Alias: “usb:v0A12p0001d8891dcE0dsc01dp01icE0isc01ip01in00”
Driver Info #0:
Driver Status: btusb is active
Driver Activation Cmd: “modprobe btusb”
Config Status: cfg=new, avail=yes, need=no, active=unknown
Attached to: #23 (Hub)

7. Use the command “inxi” with the parameter -E or – -bluetooth. Install the command using the “sudo apt install inxi”

inxi -E
inxi – – bluetooth

Sample output if it’s down:

hendrix@purplehaze:~$ inxi -E
Bluetooth:
Device-1: Cambridge Silicon Radio Bluetooth Dongle (HCI mode) type: USB
driver: btusb
Report: hciconfig ID: hci0 rfk-id: 0 state: down
bt-service: enabled,running rfk-block: hardware: no software: no
address: 04:7F:0E:12:80:ED

Sample if it’s up:

hendrix@purplehaze:~$ inxi -E
Bluetooth:
Device-1: Cambridge Silicon Radio Bluetooth Dongle (HCI mode) type: USB
driver: btusb
Report: hciconfig ID: hci0 state: up address: 04:7F:0E:12:80:ED bt-v: 3.0

8. Use the command “bluetoothctl” to control bluetooth in an interative way.

bluetoothctl

hendrix@purplehaze:~$ bluetoothctl
Agent registered
[bluetooth]#

Other commands once you are in the bluetooth prompt are “scan on/off, discoverable on/off, pair or use the “help” command for more commands

hendrix@purplehaze:~$ bluetoothctl
Agent registered
[bluetooth]# scan on
Discovery started
[CHG] Controller 04:7F:0E:12:80:ED Discovering: yes
[NEW] Device 63:E5:DA:38:33:D5 Galaxy Watch5 (0QHD)
[NEW] Device 5E:0F:66:6B:38:35 Galaxy Watch4 Classic (08ZK)
[NEW] Device C0:E5:ED:0C:15:88 Satur OPPO

[bluetooth]# discoverable on
Changing discoverable on succeeded

9. Use the “btmon” command for Bluetooth monitor for reading HCI traces

btmon

hendrix@purplehaze:~$ sudo btmon
Bluetooth monitor ver 5.64
= Note: Linux version 5.19.0-46-generic (x86_64) 0.051246
= Note: Bluetooth subsystem version 2.22 0.051249
= New Index: 04:7F:0E:12:80:ED (Primary,USB,hci0) [hci0] 0.051250
= Open Index: 04:7F:0E:12:80:ED [hci0] 0.051250
= Index Info: 04:7F:0E:12:80:ED (Barrot Technology Limited) [hci0] 0.051251
@ MGMT Open: bluetoothd (privileged) version 1.22 {0x0001} 0.051252
@ RAW Open: blueman-manager version 2.22 {0x0002} 0.068958

Capture hci0 and save in a file

sudo btmon -i hciX -w filename

Read the trace file:

sudo btmon -r filename

10. Use the “systemctl” to display the state of the bluetooth

systemctl status bluetooth

hendrix@purplehaze:~$ systemctl status bluetooth
● bluetooth.service – Bluetooth service
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service; enabled; vendor pre>
Active: active (running) since Sun 2023-07-09 21:18:19 +08; 33min ago
Docs: man:bluetoothd(8)
Main PID: 742 (bluetoothd)
Status: “Running”
Tasks: 1 (limit: 16624)
Memory: 1.8M
CPU: 78ms
CGroup: /system.slice/bluetooth.service
└─742 /usr/lib/bluetooth/bluetoothd

I have difficulty on troubleshooting why my generic (China made) Bluetooth USB adapter on my Ubuntu 22. This is the website I used to fix the issue. Kudos to FOSSPost.

My Linux Kernel Didn’t Support My Bluetooth Adapter, So I Patched It

The post Top 10 Commands to Troubleshoot Bluetooth USB Adapter on Linux first appeared on Free Linux Tutorials.

Enable or start cron service

systemctl –now enable cron

To verify if it is enabled, used these commands:

systemctl is-enabled cron
systemctl status cron

Sample Output:
tux@freelinux:~$ systemctl is-enabled cron
enabled

tux@freelinux:~$ systemctl status cron
● cron.service – Regular background program processing daemon
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/cron.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Sun 2021-09-12 20:12:40 +08; 3 weeks 5 days ago
Docs: man:cron(8)
Main PID: 2069 (cron)
CGroup: /system.slice/cron.service
└─2069 /usr/sbin/cron -f

Here are the following recommendation ownerships and permissions:

1. /etc/crontab  (contains what jobs are run by cron)
   uid: 0
   gid:0
   permission: 0600 or -rw——-

To  set this:

chown root:root /etc/crontab
chmod og-rwx /etc/crontab

To verify:

stat /etc/crontab

Sample Output:
tux@freelinux:~$ stat /etc/crontab
File: ‘/etc/crontab’
Size: 722 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 regular file
Device: 801h/2049d Inode: 51380368 Links: 1
Access: (0600/-rw——-) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)
Access: 2021-09-12 20:12:40.819458570 +0800
Modify: 2013-02-09 15:02:20.000000000 +0800
Change: 2017-02-28 08:31:28.792558208 +0800

2. /etc/cron.hourly (directory that contains jobs that need to run hourly)
uid: 0
gid:0
permission: 0700 or drwx——

To  set this:

 chown root:root /etc/cron.hourly/
chmod og-rwx /etc/cron.hourly

To verify:

stat /etc/cron.hourly/

Sample Output:
tux@freelinux:~$ stat /etc/cron.hourly/
File: ‘/etc/cron.hourly/’
Size: 4096 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 directory
Device: 801h/2049d Inode: 51380361 Links: 2
Access: (0700/drwx——) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)

3. /etc/cron.daily (directory that contains jobs that need to run daily)
uid: 0
gid:0
permission: 0700 or drwx——

To  set this:

 chown root:root /etc/cron.daily/
chmod og-rwx /etc/cron.daily/

To verify:

stat /etc/cron.daily/

Sample Output:
tux@freelinux:~$ stat /etc/cron.daily/
File: ‘/etc/cron.daily/’
Size: 4096 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 directory
Device: 801h/2049d Inode: 51380354 Links: 2
Access: (0700/drwx——) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)

4. /etc/cron.weekly (directory that contains jobs that need to run weekly)
uid: 0
gid:0
permission: 0700 or drwx——

To  set this:

 chown root:root /etc/cron.weekly/
chmod og-rwx /etc/cron.weekly/

To verify:

stat /etc/cron.weekly/

Sample Output:
tux@freelinux:~$ stat /etc/cron.weekly/
File: ‘/etc/cron.weekly/’
Size: 4096 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 directory
Device: 801h/2049d Inode: 51380354 Links: 2
Access: (0700/drwx——) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)

5. /etc/cron.monthly (directory that contains jobs that need to run monthly)
uid: 0
gid:0
permission: 0700 or drwx——

To  set this:

 chown root:root /etc/cron.monthly/
chmod og-rwx /etc/cron.monthly/

To verify:

stat /etc/cron.monthly/

Sample Output:
tux@freelinux:~$ stat /etc/cron.monthly/
File: ‘/etc/cron.monthly/’
Size: 4096 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 directory
Device: 801h/2049d Inode: 51380354 Links: 2
Access: (0700/drwx——) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)

6.  /etc/cron.d/ (directory that contains jobs that need to run jobs if  you required to have detailed control as to when they run. It usually used by system packages)
uid: 0
gid:0
permission: 0700 or drwx——

List all the jobs under this directory:

ls /etc/cron.d/

My sample jobs under this directory
tux@freelinux:~$ ls /etc/cron.d/
anacron cacti php php5 popularity-contest tuptime

To  set this:

 chown root:root /etc/ cron.d/
chmod og-rwx /etc/cron.d/

To verify:

stat /etc/cron.d/

Sample Output:
tux@freelinux:~$ stat /etc/cron.d/
File: ‘/etc/cron.d/’
Size: 4096 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 directory
Device: 801h/2049d Inode: 51380352 Links: 2
Access: (0700/drwx——) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)

7. /etc/cron.allow (this allow specific users to use the service or controls access to crontab for scheduling/modifying jobs)
uid: 0
gid:0
permission: 0640 or -rw-r—–

To  set this:

 chmod g-wx,o-rwx /etc/cron.allow
 chown root:root /etc/cron.allow

To verify:

stat /etc/cron.allow

8. /etc/cron.deny (this denies specific users to use the service or controls access to crontab for scheduling/modifying jobs)
uid: 0
gid:0
permission: 0640 or -rw-r—–

To  set this:

 chmod g-wx,o-rwx /etc/cron.deny
 chown root:root /etc/cron.deny

To verify:

stat /etc/cron.deny

Condition:
* If cron.allow exists ->  only users listed in it are allowed to use
cron
* If cron.allow does not exists ->  all users except users listed in the cron.deny can use cron
* If user exists on both cron.allow and cron.deny –> that user can use cron
* If both cron.allow and cron.deny does not exists -> only root can use cron

To allow crontab access to specific user, add it /etc/cron.allow
To deny crontab access to specific user, add it /etc/cron.deny

either text editor like vi or use echo

echo “user1” > /etc/cron.allow
echo “user2” >> /etc/cron.allow

Verify by allowing user to create entry in crontab

su – user1
crontab -e

The post Secure Cron Permissions and Ownerships for Ubuntu Linux first appeared on Free Linux Tutorials.

sudo apt update

2. Install Virtualbox

sudo apt install virtualbox

Sample Output:

tux@FreeLinux:~$ sudo apt install virtualbox
Reading package lists… Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information… Done
DKMS: install completed.
Preparing to unpack …/9-virtualbox-qt_6.1.22-dfsg-2~ubuntu1.20.04.1_amd64.deb
Unpacking virtualbox-qt (6.1.22-dfsg-2~ubuntu1.20.04.1) …
Setting up virtualbox (6.1.22-dfsg-2~ubuntu1.20.04.1) …
Setting up virtualbox-qt (6.1.22-dfsg-2~ubuntu1.20.04.1) …

3. Download the linux installer on Genymotion website https://www.genymotion.com/download/

Note: You can do via wget also (current version at the time of this writing is 3.2.1)

wget https://dl.genymotion.com/releases/genymotion-3.2.1/genymotion-3.2.1-linux_x64.bin

4. Install Genymotion

a. Make the binary installer executable

chmod +x genymotion-3.2.1-linux_x64.bin

b. Run the installer

./genymotion-3.2.1-linux_x64.bin

Sample Output:

tux@FreeLinux:~/Downloads$ ./genymotion-3.2.1-linux_x64.bin
Installing for current user only. To install for all users, restart this installer as root.
Installing to folder [/home/tux/Downloads/genymotion]. Are you sure [y/n] ? y
– Trying to find VirtualBox toolset ……………….. OK (Valid version of VirtualBox found: 6.1.22_Ubuntur144080)
– Extracting files ………………………………. OK (Extract into: [/home/tux/Downloads/genymotion])
– Installing launcher icon ……………………….. OK
Installation done successfully.
You can now use these tools from [/home/tux/Downloads/genymotion]:
– genymotion
– genymotion-shell
– gmtool

c. Find it under the Applications Menu and click it. You can add it on favorites if you want.

d. Create account

e. Register if still no account

f. Login and select “Personal Use” if you didn’t buy the license

g. Agree on the End User License and Click Next

h. Add Device by clicking the “+” sign

i. Choose for the virtual device and click Next.

j. Input Name, Android version,display and memory size. Click Install.

k. Select the virtual device and double click to run (or right click, Start)

l. To install the Google Play Store, click Click “Open Gapps” (located at the right middle menu). Install and Restart.

m. Swipe up and you will see now the Play store apps.

n. Find games or apps and install as per normal

p. (Optional) Install additional virtual devices

The post Run Android Apps on Linux Part 2 : Install Genymotion and Google Playstore on Ubuntu first appeared on Free Linux Tutorials.

Android in a Box or “Anbox” as per official website definition, puts the Android operating system into a container, abstracts hardware access and integrates core system services into a GNU/Linux system. Every Android application will be integrated with your operating system like any other native application.

A. Install Kernel modules via PPA

-need to install two(2) Dynamic Kernel Module Support or DKMS  based kernel modules for ashmem and binder for the Android container to work

1. Add PPA to your system

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:morphis/anbox-support
sudo apt update
sudo apt install linux-headers-generic anbox-modules-dkms

2. Load the kernel modules. It will automatically loaded once you boot up again.

sudo modprobe ashmem_linux
sudo modprobe binder_linux

3. Verify if it is already in your /dev directory

ls -1 /dev/{ashmem,binder}

Note: If you happen to see that the binder cannot find, don’t worry should be good as it is a bug.

tux@FreeLinux:~/anbox-modules$ ls -1 /dev/{ashmem,binder}
ls: cannot access ‘/dev/binder’: No such file or directory
/dev/ashmem

To verify use this command (you should see the 2 modules loaded)

lsmod | egrep “binder|ashmem”

Sample Output:

tux@FreeLinux:~/anbox-modules$ lsmod | egrep “binder|ashmem”
binder_linux 196608 0
ashmem_linux 20480 0

B. Install Anbox via Snap

1. Install Anbox snap

snap install –devmode –beta anbox

Sample Output:

tux@FreeLinux:~/anbox-modules$ snap install –devmode –beta anbox
anbox (beta) 4-56c25f1 from Simon Fels (morphis) installed

2. Update to newer version

snap refresh –beta –devmode anbox

snap refresh –devmode –edge anbox

Sample Output:

tux@FreeLinux:~/anbox-modules$ snap refresh –beta –devmode anbox
snap “anbox” has no updates available

tux@FreeLinux:~$ snap refresh –devmode –edge anbox
anbox (edge) 4+gitrad377ff from Simon Fels (morphis) refreshed

3. Verify

snap info anbox

Sample Output:

tux@FreeLinux:~/anbox-modules$ snap info anbox
name: anbox
summary: Android in a Box
publisher: Simon Fels (morphis)
store-url: https://snapcraft.io/anbox
contact: https://anbox.io
license: unset

C. Installing Android Application

1.Install Android Debug Bridge (ADB) package

sudo apt install android-tools-adb

tux@FreeLinux:~/Downloads$ sudo apt install android-tools-adb
[sudo] password for tux:
Reading package lists… Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information… Done
Setting up adb (1:8.1.0+r23-5ubuntu2) …
Setting up android-tools-adb (1:8.1.0+r23-5ubuntu2) …
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) …
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.31-0ubuntu9.2) …

2. Anbox do not have the capability to find and download Android apps for you automatically(unless you install Google Playstore). You need to download it manually and install it. There are few ways to do this. Download via the APK downloader website (apps.evozi.com)

a. Go to playstore (play.google.com)
b. Search for the apps you want to install
c.Click the 3 dots to share and copy link
d. Generate download link via https://apps.evozi.com/apk-downloader/ 
e. Download the apk
f. Install the apk via adb

adb install <apkname.apk>

D. Install Google Play Store and enable ARM applications support

1. Install needed dependencies

sudo apt install wget curl lzip tar unzip squashfs-tools

2. Download the playstore script

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/geeks-r-us/anbox-playstore-installer/master/install-playstore.sh

If you are interested with the code you can find it here: https://github.com/geeks-r-us/anbox-playstore-installer/

3. Make the script executable

chmod +x install-playstore.sh

4. Run the script

./install-playstore.sh

Sample Output:

tux@FreeLinux:~/Downloads$ ./install-playstore.sh
Restarted.
/var/snap/anbox/common/rootfs-overlay
/home/tux/Downloads/anbox-work
Extracting anbox android image
Parallel unsquashfs: Using 8 processors
1836 inodes (8401 blocks) to write
[=================================================================================================================================-] 8401/8401 100%

created 1659 files
created 280 directories
created 177 symlinks
created 0 devices
created 0 fifos
Loading open gapps from https://sourceforge.net/projects/opengapps/files/x86_64/20210820/open_gapps-x86_64-7.1-pico-20210820.zip

5. Find the Anbox Application Manager under “Applications” or run this via terminal:

anbox.appmgr

Sample Look:

Additional Notes:

If encounter errors, enable debug logs

sudo snap set anbox debug.enable=true

Run the logs collection utility

/snap/bin/anbox.collect-bug-info

Find any interesting logs here:

sudo tail -f /var/snap/anbox/common/data/system.log

If no sounds, you can try this as well:

cd /var/snap/anbox/common/rootfs-overlay/system/etc
sudo wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/anbox/anbox/master/android/media/media_codecs.xml
sudo wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/anbox/anbox/master/android/media/media_codecs_google_audio.xml
sudo wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/anbox/anbox/master/android/media/media_codecs_google_telephony.xml
sudo wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/anbox/anbox/master/android/media/media_codecs_google_tv.xml
sudo wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/anbox/anbox/master/android/media/media_codecs_google_video.xml
sudo wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/anbox/anbox/master/android/media/media_profiles.xml
sudo snap set anbox rootfs-overlay.enable=true
sudo snap stop anbox
sudo snap start anbox

The post Run Android Apps on Linux : Install Anbox and Google Playstore on Ubuntu first appeared on Free Linux Tutorials.

1.Install the package “conky”

sudo apt install conky-all

tux@FreeLinux:~$ sudo apt install conky-all
[sudo] password for tux:
Reading package lists… Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information… Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
conky-all libaudclient2 liblua5.1-0 libxmmsclient6
0 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

2. Run conky

conky

The default look will be something like this:

3. Configure conky by going to the configuration file “/etc/conky/conky.conf”. It is recommended to create a  specific configuration file for conky per user by copying that file to ~/.conkyrc and edit as per desired.

cp /etc/conky/conky.conf ~/.conkyrc

vi ~/.conkyrc

By default, the alignment is top left, you can edit that file to change to bottom right for example.

4. Install Conky Manager

tux@FreeLinux:~$ sudo apt install conky-manager
[sudo] password for tux:
Reading package lists… Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information… Done
E: Unable to locate package conky-manager

a. Add repository (tested in Ubuntu 20.04 Focal

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tomtomtom/conky-manager

b. Update package

sudo apt update

c. Install conky-manager

sudo apt install conky-manager

tux@FreeLinux:~$ sudo apt install conky-manager
Reading package lists… Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information… Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libllvm11 libllvm11:i386 libxdamage1:i386 shim
Use ‘sudo apt autoremove’ to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
conky imagemagick imagemagick-6.q16 libmagickcore-6.q16-6-extra libnetpbm10
netpbm p7zip p7zip-full
Setting up conky (1.10.8-1build3) …
Setting up p7zip (16.02+dfsg-7build1) …
Setting up p7zip-full (16.02+dfsg-7build1) …
Setting up conky-manager (2.4-1~137~ppa~focal) …

It will appear under the Applications menu once it is installed, something like this:

Example: Adding Automatik Themes

a. Download from this website https://www.gnome-look.org/p/1170490/

b. Extract and save to the .conky folder

cp -R /home/tux/Downloads/AutomatiK /home/tux/.conky

c. Run the start.sh under the Automatik folder

./start.sh

Sample :

The post Installation and Configuration of Conky and Conky-Manager on Ubuntu Linux first appeared on Free Linux Tutorials.

Here’s how to install it using PPA repository. When you add the repository it will tell also on 2 methods how to install it.
(Another way is downloading the .deb file and install it)

1.Add repository

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:umang/indicator-stickynotes

Sample Output:
tux@FreeLinux:~$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:umang/indicator-stickynotes
[sudo] password for tux:
Official releases of Indicator Stickynotes (https://launchpad.net/indicator-stickynotes).

To install Indicator Stickynotes, you will need to add this PPA to your system (instructions below) and install the `indicator-stickynotes` package. See the instructions below.

METHOD 1 (Command-line):

     sudo apt-add-repository ppa:umang/indicator-stickynotes
     sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install indicator-stickynotes

METHOD 2 (User interface):

     Step 1: Open “Software & Updates.” Go to Other Software -> Add. Now type `ppa:umang/indicator-stickynotes` (without the `quotes`). Add the source and close the window. You will be asked to reload sources. Click “Reload”.
     Step 2: Open the Ubuntu Software Center, search for Indicator Stickynotes, and install.
More info: https://launchpad.net/~umang/+archive/ubuntu/indicator-stickynotes
Press [ENTER] to continue or Ctrl-c to cancel adding it.

Hit:1 https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu focal InRelease
Hit:2 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease
Fetched 18.9 kB in 5s (3,608 B/s)
Reading package lists… Done

2. Update the database

sudo apt-get update

Sample Output:
tux@FreeLinux:~$ sudo apt-get update
Hit:1 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease
Hit:8 http://ppa.launchpad.net/umang/indicator-stickynotes/ubuntu focal InRelease
Hit:9 https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu focal InRelease
Reading package lists… Done

3. Install the app

sudo apt-get install indicator-stickynotes

Sample Output:
tux@FreeLinux:~$ sudo apt-get install indicator-stickynotes
Reading package lists… Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information… Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
gir1.2-gtksource-3.0 libgtksourceview-3.0-1 libgtksourceview-3.0-common
The following NEW packages will be installed:
gir1.2-gtksource-3.0 indicator-stickynotes libgtksourceview-3.0-1
libgtksourceview-3.0-common
0 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
Need to get 576 kB of archives.
After this operation, 3,656 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.24-1ubuntu3) …

4. Run the app

Show the applications, it will be named as “Indicator StickyNotes”. Looks like this:

The post Quick Tip: Install Sticky Notes on Ubuntu 20.04 Linux first appeared on Free Linux Tutorials.

1.Verify the installed architecture of your system.

For 64-bit:

dpkg –print-architecture

Sample Output:

tux@FreeLinux:~$ dpkg –print-architecture
amd64

For 32-bit:

dpkg –print-foreign-architectures

Sample Output:

tux@FreeLinux:~$ dpkg –print-foreign-architectures
i386

Note: If system is a 64-bit, enable the 32 bit architecture using this command:

sudo dpkg –add-architecture i386

2.Download repository key

wget -nc https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/winehq.key

Sample Output:
tux@FreeLinux:~$ wget -nc https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/winehq.key–2021-07-17 13:24:57– https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/winehq.key
Resolving dl.winehq.org (dl.winehq.org)… 199.232.46.217
Connecting to dl.winehq.org (dl.winehq.org)|199.232.46.217|:443… connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response… 200 OK
Length: 3220 (3.1K) [application/pgp-keys]
Saving to: ‘winehq.key’
winehq.key 100%[=========================================================>] 3.14K –.-KB/s in 0s
2021-07-17 13:24:57 (48.5 MB/s) – ‘winehq.key’ saved [3220/3220]

3.Install repository key

sudo gpg -o /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/winehq.key.gpg –dearmor winehq.key

Sample Output:

tux@FreeLinux:~$ sudo gpg -o /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/winehq.key.gpg –dearmor winehq.key
[sudo] password for tux:

4. Add repository key

sudo add-apt-repository ‘deb https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/ focal main’

Depending on your version
Ubuntu 21.04:

sudo add-apt-repository ‘deb https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/ hirsute main’

Ubuntu 20.10:

sudo add-apt-repository ‘deb https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/ groovy main’

Ubuntu 18.04:

sudo add-apt-repository ‘deb https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/ bionic main’

Since I’m using Ubuntu 20.04, here’s the sample output:

tux@FreeLinux:~$ sudo add-apt-repository ‘deb https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/ focal main’
Hit:1 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease
Get:2 https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu focal InRelease [6,257 B]
Get:3 https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu focal/main amd64 Packages [227 kB]
Fetched 1,506 kB in 3s (452 kB/s)
Reading package lists… Done

5. Update the package

sudo apt update

6. Install Wine package

Stable branch:

sudo apt install –install-recommends winehq-stable

Development branch:

sudo apt install –install-recommends winehq-devel

Staging branch:

sudo apt install –install-recommends winehq-staging

Sample Output:

tux@FreeLinux:~$ sudo apt install –install-recommends winehq-stable
Reading package lists… Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information… Done
After this operation, 1,426 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
Setting up wine-stable-i386:i386 (6.0.1~focal-1) …
Setting up wine-stable (6.0.1~focal-1) …
Setting up winehq-stable (6.0.1~focal-1) …
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.31-0ubuntu9.2) …
Processing triggers for libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0:i386 (2.40.0+dfsg-3ubuntu0.2) …

7.Verify installation

wine –version

Sample Output:
tux@FreeLinux:~$ wine –version
wine-6.0.1

8.Test by installing and running “Windows” program

Example: Notepad++

a. Download via the website or command line

wget https://github.com/notepad-plus-plus/notepad-plus-plus/releases/download/v8.1.1/npp.8.1.1.Installer.x64.exe

b. Right click the .exe file and select for “Wine Windows Program Loader”

c. Install as per normal via its wizard

c. Run the program

The post Installing Wine on Ubuntu Linux first appeared on Free Linux Tutorials.

Monitor Specifications:
Screen size: 34-inch
Aspect ratio: 21:9
Resolution: 3440 x 1440
Refresh Rate: 100Hz
Response time: 1ms

xrandr

tux@FreeLinux:~$ xrandr -q –verbose
Screen 0: minimum 8 x 8, current 3440 x 1440, maximum 32767 x 32767
HDMI-0 connected primary 3440×1440+0+0 (0x1c0) normal (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 797mm x 334mm
Identifier: 0x1bd
Timestamp: 66332
Subpixel: unknown
Gamma: 1.0:1.0:1.0
Brightness: 1.0
Clones:
CRTC: 0
CRTCs: 0 1 2 3

Graphics Card: Nvidia GTX 1060

lspci | grep VGA

Or under your Setting About page:

tux@FreeLinux:~$ lspci | grep VGA
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GP106M [GeForce GTX 1060 Mobile] (rev a1

Option A:

1.Use cvt (calculate VESA CVT mode lines) or gtf (calculate VESA GTF mode lines) command using this syntax below. I recommend use cvt because is a newer standard.

cvt <X> <Y> <Refresh Rate>

gtf  <X> <Y> <Refresh Rate>

where:
X & Y is monitor resolution

Sample Output:
tux@FreeLinux:~$ cvt 3440 1440 100
# 3440×1440 99.99 Hz (CVT) hsync: 152.68 kHz; pclk: 728.00 MHz
Modeline “3440x1440_100.00” 728.00 3440 3728 4104 4768 1440 1443 1453 1527 -hsync +vsync

tux@FreeLinux:~$ gtf 3440 1440 100
# 3440×1440 @ 100.00 Hz (GTF) hsync: 152.50 kHz; pclk: 729.56 MHz
Modeline “3440x1440_100.00” 729.56 3440 3728 4112 4784 1440 1441 1444 1525 -HSync +Vsync

2. Use “xrandr” command to set the size, orientation and reflection of the outputs for a screen.

xrandr
xrandr –newmode <MODELINE>
xrandr –addmode <OUTPUT> <MODENAME>
xrandr –output <OUTPUT> –mode <MODENAME>

Sample:

tux@FreeLinux:~$ xrandr
Screen 0: minimum 8 x 8, current 3440 x 1440, maximum 32767 x 32767
HDMI-0 connected primary 3440×1440+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 797mm x 334mm
3440×1440 60.00 + 100.00* 50.00
3840×2160 59.94
2560×1440 120.00 60.00
1920×1080 119.88 60.00 59.94 50.00 29.97 25.00 60.00 50.04

tux@FreeLinux:~$ xrandr –newmode “3440x1440_100.00” 728.00 3440 3728 4104 4768 1440 1443 1453 1527 -hsync +vsync

tux@FreeLinux:~$ xrandr –addmode HDMI-0 3440x1440_100.00

tux@FreeLinux:~$ xrandr –output HDMI-0 –mode 3440x1440_100.00

Option B: (If you have Nvidia graphics card, this maybe the easier way)

Update the repository:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa

Installing Nvidia Driver:

sudo apt install nvidia-driver-440

Reboot the desktop and you will see the Nvidia X Server Settings icon/program installed:

Open the program and you will see something like this:

And under Display settings, you will have the correct monitor.

The post Configuring Ubuntu Linux for an Ultrawide 21:9 Screen first appeared on Free Linux Tutorials.

1. aafire – Fire in  your terminal

Installation:
Ubuntu/Debian Linux:

sudo apt install libaa-bin

Run:

aafire

Sample Output:

2. toilet– display large colourful characters
Note: Fonts are .flf or .tlf files stored in the /usr/share/figlet folder

Installation:
Ubuntu/Debian Linux:

sudo apt install toilet

Run:

toilet <message>

Sample Output:

3. banner– print large banner

Installation:
Ubuntu/Debian Linux:

sudo apt install sysvbanner

Run:

banner <message>

Sample Output:

4. figlet – display large characters made up of ordinary screen characters

Installation:
Ubuntu/Debian Linux:

sudo apt install figlet

Run:

figlet <message>

Sample Output:

5. cowsay/cowthink– configurable speaking/thinking cow

Installation:
Ubuntu/Debian Linux:

sudo apt install cowsay

Run:

cowsay <message>
cowthink <message>

Sample Output:

You have bunch of animals to choose from:

cowsay -l

tux@freelinux:~$ cowsay -l
Cow files in /usr/share/cowsay/cows:
apt beavis.zen bong bud-frogs bunny calvin cheese cock cower daemon default
dragon dragon-and-cow duck elephant elephant-in-snake eyes flaming-sheep
ghostbusters gnu head-in hellokitty kiss kitty koala kosh luke-koala
mech-and-cow meow milk moofasa moose mutilated pony pony-smaller ren sheep skeleton snowman sodomized-sheep stegosaurus stimpy suse three-eyes turkey turtle tux unipony unipony-smaller vader vader-koala www

6. sl (steam locomotive)– display animations aimed to correct users who accidentally enter sl instead of ls

Installation:
Ubuntu/Debian Linux:

sudo apt install sl

Run:

sl

Sample Output:

7. cmatrix– simulates the display from “The Matrix”

Installation:
Ubuntu/Debian Linux:

sudo apt install cmatrix

Run:

cmatrix

Sample Output:

8. fortune– print a random, hopefully interesting, adage

Installation:
Ubuntu/Debian Linux:

sudo apt install fortune

Run:

fortune

Sample Output:

Note: you can mix it with cowsay to make it cooler.

9. asciiquarium– simulation of an aquarium using ASCII art

Installation:
Ubuntu/Debian Linux:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ytvwld/asciiquarium
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install asciiquarium

Run:

/usr/games/asciiquarium

Sample Output:

10. bb – an ASCII-art demo

Installation:
Ubuntu/Debian Linux:

sudo apt install bb

Run:

bb

Sample Output:

11. oneko– creates a cute cat chasing around your mouse cursor
Note: Need to be run in terminal on GUI (cannot run via ssh, will receive an error like Can’t open display)

Installation:
Ubuntu/Debian Linux:

sudo apt install oneko

Run:

oneko

Sample Output:

12. rev– reverse lines characterwise

Installation:
Ubuntu/Debian Linux:

sudo apt install rev

Run:

rev

Sample Output:

13. pv – monitor the progress of data through a pipe. It will have like cool real-time typing effect

Installation:
Ubuntu/Debian Linux:

sudo apt install pv

Run:

pv

Sample Output:

13. rig -Random Identity Generator

Installation:
Ubuntu/Debian Linux:

sudo apt install rig

Run:

rig

Sample Output:

14. xcowsay -Display a cute cow and speech bubble
Note: Need to be run in terminal on GUI (cannot run via ssh, will receive an error like Gtk-WARNING **: cannot open display: )

Installation:
Ubuntu/Debian Linux:

sudo apt install xcowsay

Run:

xcowsay <message>

Sample Output:

15. funny-manpages -Display a cute cow and speech bubble
Note: Need to be run in terminal on GUI (cannot run via ssh, will receive an error like Gtk-WARNING **: cannot open display: )

Installation:
Ubuntu/Debian Linux:

sudo apt install funny-manpages

Run:

man  <command>

Some lists to try: (baby,celibacy,condom,date,echo,flame,flog,gong,grope,party,rm,rtfm,tm,uubp,xkill,xlart,sex)

Sample Output:

16. yes -output a string repeatedly until killed

Installation:
Ubuntu/Debian Linux:

sudo apt install yes

Run:

yes <message>

Sample Output:

17. aview– A high quality ASCII art image viewer

Installation:
Ubuntu/Debian Linux:

sudo apt install aview

Run:

asciiview <picture_file_saved_in_directory>

Sample Output:

The post Cool and Fun Linux Terminal Commands first appeared on Free Linux Tutorials.