Intel Optane has been around for a while, and can improve SSD performance by combining “Optane Memory” (fast storage) and a standard SSD. For servers this requires plugging in independent Optane devices. The H10 SSD however comes as a single standard form factor m.2 SSD. The two devices are created by internally splitting the PCIe lanes and providing two separate SSDs over the same connector: one small and fast, the other larger and relatively slower. This allows the host computer to create a lop-sided RAID or cache, where the benefits of both devices are seamlessly blended together to create a large capacity and faster SSD. That is, until something goes wrong. If either half has a problem, the whole thing stops working.

Note: This is similar to Apple’s Fusion Drive system which uses a separate hard drive and SSD to achieve even larger combined drives, but at the expense of speed.

Symptoms of a Failed Optane SSD

After failing to boot, a common symptom of a failed Optane H10 SSD is that any attempts to recover the data will yield an almost empty Windows volume, with little or no user data. They almost appear as a fresh install. If you fail to correctly combine the two devices, you’ll get a very poor recovery result.

Using professional data recovery hardware, we can address the two devices independently, and read and repair them. We can then take a copy of each device, and recombine them in software to gain access to the data.

If you need Optane recovery, let us know.

Issues

Another potential roadblock here is Bitlocker encryption. It is supposed to be impossible to enable bitlocker without making a key backup to a Microsoft account, but we’ve seen countless cases where this went wrong. Effectively locking the disk and throwing away the key.

Drive Info

• D P/N: 0YDH3V
• CN-0YDH3V-PESIT-07M-04ZY-A02
• FW: 7003-7051
• H10 HBRPEKNX0202A
• SA: K35118-202
• RATED DC3.3V 2.5A
• 32GB Optane /512GB NAND

Intel® Optane™ H10 Data Recovery Dataquest - DataQuest - Don't Quit

We recently heard from a local fisherman that had been unfortunate to have his boat take on water whilst moored during a storm. Due to a series of unfortunate events, the only record of his fishing pots out at sea were stored on the ship computers. These computers were not only submerged in seawater, but also diesel from the engines.

Our first step was to carefully extract the storage drives from the computers. One contained a 128GB InnoDisk EverGreen SSD, and the other a Toshiba Hard Drive.

We decontaminated the surfaces of the drives, to make them easier to deal with. We don’t often have diesel soaked disks in our workshop.

A Warning

It is important with any liquid damage to make sure there is nothing still wet before you apply power.

The SSD

We removed the SSD circuit board from its shell, and found that water and diesel were present inside. Using a combination of chemical cleaners and delicate pads and brushes, we cleaned the board, and then let it dry thoroughly.

Once dry, we checked for short circuits, and found that the device wasn’t shorted. We applied power, but the SSD failed to reach a ready state. Although the main power rail wasn’t shorted, there must have been a problem further downstream. We found an area of the board that was getting no power, and found a damaged SMD resistor nearby. Replacing that got the drive correctly identified, and we were able to make a full clone copy of the disk.

Once the clone was complete, we were able to recover the files containing the fishing data, and send to the customer to have reloaded onto a replacement unit.

So far, so good.

The HDD

Some of the screws on the circuit board were a bit corroded, but the board itself looked in a reasonable state. Most boards can be adapted using the ROM chip, so rather than attempt to repair the board, we saved the ROM chip contents, and wrote it to a matched board.

As with the SSD, it was important to make sure no water had got into the delicate parts of the drive. People assume that hard drives are sealed, but almost¹ all disks have a small breather hole, to allow for the pressure inside to equalise during normal use. We’ve seen many water damaged disks where no water managed to get through the hole, but this was not one of them. Inside this drive was full of thick, almost jelly like liquid.

We didn’t hold out much hope, especially as there seemed to be concentric rings on the disk surface, which usually indicate scratches from the heads. Fortunately after a thorough clean, we noticed that the rings were caused by the shape of the top cover. Not damage, just rings of sediment / dirt.

We removed and cleaned the disc, and then placed it into a donor casting. The only original part of the hard drive was the single glass disk, and the ROM contents.

With a bit of manipulation on the data recovery kit, the drive showed up and allowed us to load the filesystem to see the files and folders. When working in this way, all sectors we read are simultaneously saved to another disk. This allows us to build up a copy of the disk over multiple passes, without having to read the same parts over and over again (the next time we request the same sector, it comes from our copy instead of the failing disk). It’s how we always work, but really makes sense with disks like this in such terrible condition.

After four sets of new heads, we finally had the fishing data recovered from the disk. Looking back at the photos, it’s hard to believe that any recovery was possible in this case.

Luckily, the data required from this sort of thing is usually small lists of numbers, coordinates etc, so can be possible to read even if the drive is in a bad state.

Footnotes

1. Helium filled disks do not have a breather hole. ︎

Recovery From Water Damaged Fishing Boat – Plotter GPS Olex Chart Computer Dataquest - DataQuest - Don't Quit

It’s true that most people needing data recovery don’t necessarily have a huge amount of diagnostic tools available, so our ideal enquiry is something like this:

Hi,
I was using my hard disk yesterday as normal, and when I plugged it in today, the disk is not showing up on my computer.
Can you help?

That’s it. We’ll figure out the rest. We don’t expect any technical info, just the real events that lead up to the problem. Was it dropped, was the data deleted, did it get wet, etc.

On the other hand, here’s the actual enquiry we got that has a few hallmarks of something written (or re-written) by AI:

Hello,

I have an external hard drive (brand: LaCie Rugged Mini) that is not visible in Windows’ File Explorer or Disk Management, although Windows Device Manager detects the drive model and the drive spins up normally.

Here are the key details I’ve gathered:

• Drive model: ST500LM000‑SSHD (approx. 465 GB)
• Windows Volumes tool reports full capacity (~476,940 MB)
• Disk Management does not show the drive as a separate disk (only the internal system disk is shown)
• I have already removed it from its enclosure and connected via SATA‑USB adapter — status unchanged
• It appears the partition table / filesystem is corrupted or missing rather than the drive being completely dead.

I would like a full quotation for:

1. Diagnostic / evaluation of the drive (what you charge for this)
2. Estimate of the cost for full data recovery (restoring partition and/or retrieving files)
3. Turnaround time for each phase
4. Whether you offer a “no data, no fee” guarantee

If you need any further information (e.g., serial number, past usage, screenshots of Windows tools) please let me know.

Many thanks for your time and I look forward to receiving your quote.

Best regards,

We do occasionally get enquiries that contain a lot of detail, and that’s fine. I’m not complaining about detail. The problem here is that the details listed above are untrue. The only thing that’s definitely true is that the drive is a LaCie Rugged Mini.

What’s Wrong?

• Wrong drive model (We received a 4TB mechanical disk, not a 500GB SSHD)
• What is the Windows Volumes Tool? (Does this mean the Disks & volumes screen in Windows Settings?)
• The partition table / filesystem status cannot be known at this stage, as the disk is stuck in a Busy status

List of pointless questions that are already answered on the website where our contact info is found:

• Cost for diagnosis
• Cost for recovery
• Turnaround times
• No-fix no-fee

Other Quirks

This message contains bold, italics, bullets, a numbered list, a Tilde! ~ (I use these a lot, but I don’t think I’ve ever seen one in the wild before.) It’s very unusual for an email to contain so much formatting.

A Surprising Outcome

I was quite surprised when the disk actually arrived for recovery. I assumed it was just another bot filling in our web form on a break from counting electric sheep.

Fortunately, the contents of the enquiry in this case didn’t contain enough wrong information to change the approach we took with the recovery. Data recovery was successful after some firmware level repairs. But what if the AI had invented water damage, or decided that the disks had been dismantled without cleanroom facilities? At the very least it could have wasted our time and effort, and at worst, could have cost the user more money.

What’s the point?

If you can think of a genuinely good reason for this whole thing, I’d love to hear it. I just find it impossible to understand the thought process that went into making a fictionalised enquiry instead of just telling us what really happened. If people use this sort of tool in other parts of their life, what do they gain? With their car mechanic, what sort of unnecessary work could be carried out? Or worse, a message to their doctor?

In the News

I stopped for lunch in the middle of writing this, and saw on the news that West Midlands Police have got in trouble for citing unrest at an imaginary football match as a reason to ban another football match.

Guildford’s retirement came after he admitted inaccuracies in evidence to a Commons committee, including a denial the force had used AI to research evidence, including a non-existent match between the Israeli club and West Ham.

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c4glp75xr6zo

Footnotes

1. Yes, LLM, ML, whatever. It’s all just AI now. ︎

Don’t Use AI to Write a Data Recovery Enquiry Dataquest - DataQuest - Don't Quit

If you put an old motor in a new car, is it still a new car?

You might think buying used drives is OK, but recertified drives are usually marked in some way, and come with a lower cost. Then it’s up to you if you’d like to make the trade-off.

Quote from serverpartdeals.com

Emphasis mine.

1. SMART Data and Power-On Hours
   Both new and recertified drives have minimal SMART data and power-on hours. For Recertified drives, this is due to the Manufacturers wiping the SMART data during the recertification process. Meaning any previous data, if there was any, will be gone forever. Before our testing process, ALL Recertified drives will come to us with zero power on hours and zero power cycles. 
2. Labelling: Recertified drives are clearly marked to indicate their status: Seagate: Uses a different label that prominently denotes the drive as recertified. Toshiba and Western Digital: Provides smaller indicators of recertification, with small text on the regular label

https://serverpartdeals.com/blogs/blog-posts/new-vs-recertified-hard-drives-a-comprehensive-comparison

So that’s all well and good, Seagate kindly put a big green stripe around the edge of their recertified labels. The problem is, when you put that recertified drive into a black plastic case, you can no longer see the label.

Due to some unknown Amazon economics, when I checked today, the recertified drive actually costs more than the equivalent one from the disk manufacturer itself. Who knows if the Seagate one also contains a recert drive too? (- I’ll let you know when I see inside one)

As if there wasn’t enough to worry about buying storage, you now have to wonder if your brand new disk has been used before.

Buyer Beware!

Footnotes

1. Ai generated? UnionSine, ezekers, Meyritech, ModusTech, fanxiang ︎

Beware “New” Disks on Amazon Dataquest - DataQuest - Don't Quit

The drive in question is Seagate Ultra Slim Portable. The damage maybe not be as bad as some we have seen in the past, but it’s still bad enough to prevent recovery.

Click here to see more about Media Damage and other types of Failures.

You Can’t Win Them All Dataquest - DataQuest - Don't Quit

We just had another one sent to us to store customer data, so here’s our latest public announcement post.

Looks legit?

Not only do the fakes appear to be normal at first glance, they are hacked to appear as the advertised capacity to your computer. They come in all shapes and sizes to mimic real devices. And we just can’t resist opening them up to see what’s inside. This most recent one had an unbranded 58GB (!?) SD card hot-glued to a USB adapter board, and a bunch of wheel balancing weights stuck inside to give the illusion of a heftier item. These are not accidentally bad, they’re straight up scams.

Behind the mask

The worst thing about a 58GB SD card masquerading as a 4TB drive, is that the first 50GB of data you store on it will probably seem OK. The speed will be terrible compared to a real SSD, but you may not notice that. As you approach the limit of the storage, data is just discarded instead of being written, so you’d better hope your data exists somewhere else. If not, you’ve just sent it straight through a digital vaporiser. Also, that will usually cause the original 50GB of data to become corrupt, so it’s now all gone. In some cases the original 50GB may be recoverable, but the rest is definitely not. Instead of storage capacity you’ve got lumps of iron.

Thou shalt not judge a book by its cover
Thou shalt not judge Lethal Weapon by Danny Glover
Thou shalt not judge an external disk by its shiny aluminium cover

Remember the old adage “if it’s too good to be true then it probably is.”

Other posts about fake disks

1. eBay Fake Capacity USB Sticks
2. Fake HDD Data Recovery
3. Kimsnot Extreme PRO – Fake 128GB SD Card

Fake Drives: 2025 Update Dataquest - DataQuest - Don't Quit

A helium hard drive is a mechanical hard disk drive with an internal enclosure filled with helium gas instead of oxygen. The enclosure is then hermetically sealed to slow the escape of gas. Helium creates a unique low density environment where the internal hardware can operate more efficiently resulting in less turbulence compared to air. With less rigidity in platter thickness required, this allows manufacturers to increase hard drive capacity by adding more slimmer platters into the same amount of space.

The Data Recovery Challenges

Less turbulence means less resistance so ideally opening a helium hard drive would be carried out in a helium filled environment. We have been successful in carrying out internal rework to allow access and attempt data recovery from helium hard drives in our clean room environment by using a strict and controlled process.

Cutting Open a Helium Hard Drive

Helium hard drives have a sealed aluminium top cover that is welded to its outer casting, so needs to be forcibly removed using a sharp implement. Some videos online show people using CNC mills, or saws to open the case, however we found¹ that these allow small particles of metal to find their way inside the enclosure. This top cover keeps the helium gas trapped inside the hard drive. Once the external aluminium cover is removed the hard drive can then be taken into our clean room for decontamination. The internal cover can then be removed to carry out any internal rework required and then replaced once complete. The process of accessing the helium hard drive for data recovery uses the same hardware and technology as with standard hard drives. ie. Mapping used sectors, cloning to a working disk, and then extracting the files.

Parts

Helium filled disks are some of the largest on the market, so donor parts can work out expensive. In some cases the parts can cost as much as the recovery itself, especially when we need to match a certain revision or date of manufacture.

The Outcome

Recovering data from a helium disk is often a challenge, but something we’re happy to take on. Now if only all hard disks had a welded top cover, we’d never have to worry about people opening disks outside of the cleanroom any more!

Footnotes

1. In testing, not with customer disks! ︎

Helium Hard Drives – Data Recovery Challenges Dataquest - DataQuest - Don't Quit

Keeping up with changing technology is crucial in being able to offer data recovery for the latest storage devices. 

We do still see vintage storage come in for data recovery. From floppy disks, CDR and DVD+/-Rs, as well as removable cartridge media of all types, and of course old hard drives. So we need to keep old technology knowledge and hardware to support these old devices.

We’ve seen many trends come and go during our time:

• External drives with soldered USB-interfaces instead of removable bridge boards (which are now the norm).
• External RAID drives, required when disk capacities weren’t growing fast enough.
• The move from spinning disks to Solid State Drives
• Storage chips soldered directly to motherboards instead of discrete removable drives.
• Data stored on phones!

We’ll see if the trend towards AI starts affecting storage drives too.

Watch this space!

Big or Small Old or New  Dataquest - DataQuest - Don't Quit

We recently had an interesting case to recover. Although the disk was just a normal 20GB IBM Travelstar¹ from circa 2001, the contents were not so common.

This disk was from a Yamaha Audio Workstation; A combination of a multi track recorder and mixer etc. It’s a lovely big lump of kit, with motorised faders and a graphical display.

Sounds Like Trouble

Problems started when the user was in the middle of an operation saving something, and the device stalled. After a hard-reboot, the disk was reportedly unreadable. Nightmare. There is no capability on-board to self repair a damaged disk, so that’s where we came in. We’ve recovered the data from similar machines, but never this exact one.

The Recovery

First things first, we connected the disk to our diagnostic kit. After a bit of complaining, the disk reached a ready state and allowed us to start reading sectors. We were a long way from success, but this was a good start. After a bit of back and forth, we eventually had a full copy of the whole disk. We transferred this copy to a suitable old 2.5″ disk, and installed it into the machine. The AW fired into life, and then reached a screen that reported “Loading Song Info…” at a frustrating 96% it stopped and reported an error.

Software

This machine doesn’t use PC formatted disks, so there was no software available to scan and discover the songs. After finding a Facebook group for the larger AW4416 device, I was lead to an obscure software tool that could interpret the disk format and extract songs, tracks or whole device backups. I tested the free version first and was able to read the song list and extract sample audio. That was good enough for me. I bought a license for the full tool, and got all the songs exported to Yamaha CFS backup files.

New Disk

The original plan was to convert the machine to CompactFlash. I’ve done many similar conversions for everything from CNC milling machines to iPods, and yet no combination of card or adapter would work reliably. The only thing that did work reliably was an old 4GB SanDisk Extreme III card. but that was too small to take all the songs. The newer 32GB Transcend 133x cards are reported to work, but didn’t for me.

Plan B

Instead I went though our stock of 2.5″ laptop disks and found a nice clean 60GB HDD from a Mac PowerBook G4. I tested and wiped it, and then installed into the AW. On boot up it asked if I wanted to format the blank disk so I did. Then I removed the disk again and attached it to the PC to reload all the song backups. After reinstalling into the AW2816 I was pleased to see the songs all loaded and playing & scrubbing through tracks without issue.

The workstation is now back with the user and being put through its paces. We’ve also advised on a backup regime to help avoid future disasters. It seems to be one of a minority with a functional CD burner, so the plan is: Regular song backups to CD, and periodic whole-disk backups to a computer.

Original Disk:
IBM Travelstar IC25N020ATDA04-0

Replacement Disk:
Fujitsu MHT2060AT

Footnotes

1. We’ve recovered 143 of these since we started tracking model numbers in 2003 ︎

Yamaha AW2816 Audio Workstation Data Recovery Dataquest - DataQuest - Don't Quit

The first battle when attempting to recover one of these LaCie SSDs is getting into the thing! Fortunately LaCie have used this design before for external hard drives, so we’ve already figured it out. It’s not for the faint of heart though. You need to carefully, and delicately slip a strong bare Stanley blade into the seam on the back of the device. This is just thin enough to slide in without damaging the Aluminium, but strong enough to not snap. Warning, do not try this at home! There’s a knack to it, and you could easily slice off something fleshy by mistake.

The next bonus is the controller chip — A Seagate branded Phison chip, for which we have excellent support in our tools.

The Diagnosis

When connected via the USB-C port, the bridge interface is correctly identified, but it shows no attached media. (Like a CD drive with no disc inserted.) This usually indicates that the bridge device is working OK, but the SSD is not.

When connected by SATA to our tools, we can see that the drive is stuck in Safe Mode, AKA Firmware Update Mode. The main clue is the capacity reported as just 2MB. This can happen when the drive firmware is unable to fully load, so instead reverts to safe mode.

In this case we can upload temporary custom firmware to the SSD and then read from the original NAND chips to find the data. The rebuild went well, and we were able to access all the files. Some errors were reported during the file extraction, so we suspect that one of the NAND chips had started to fail.

This was an excellent drive to work on, and the outcome was ideal. Fortunately nobody had messed with the drive before it got to us, so the NAND storage hadn’t fully degraded.

If you have a failed LaCie Mobile SSD and would like help getting it recovered…

LaCie Mobile SSD – LRD0TUA 2PV3P2-500 NB131WVE

LaCie External SSD Recovery Dataquest - DataQuest - Don't Quit