Notes From Professionalism

Best Way to Get Leads on Facebook 2016

hm.wiyono@gmail.com (admin) — Tue, 14 Jun 2016 00:03:00 +0700

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Best Animation Video Software 2016

hm.wiyono@gmail.com (admin) — Thu, 9 Jun 2016 22:50:00 +0700

Best Video Animation Software - Best Animation Video Creator 2016

Best Animation Video Software 2016

Best and easy to use whiteboard animation software for Microsoft Windows and Mac OC X operating systems. This list of 7 best doodle, presentation, explainer and whiteboard animation programs contains both desktop whiteboard animation software and web based whiteboard animation services/software.

7 Best Animation Video Software Alternatives to VideoScribe (2016) either For Windows And Mac PC

Best Animation video Software 2016

All whiteboard animation software except 1 included in this list also can be used as a best alternative to VideoScribe. If you are looking for cheaper and affordable VideoScribe alternatives. All VideoScribe alternates are no less than VideoScribe in any way.

The list of best whiteboard animation software and best VideoScribe alternatives contains

1)-Explaindio Video Creator (Best available whiteboard animation software for Windows and Mac OS X) (Great alternative to VideoScribe cheaper than VideoScribe)
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2)-Sparkol VideoScribe (Best available whiteboard animation software for Windows and Mac OS X)
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3)-Easy Sketch Pro (Best available whiteboard animation software for Windows and Mac OS X) (Great alternative to VideoScribe cheaper than VideoScribe)

4)-TTS Sketch Maker (Best available whiteboard animation software for Windows and Mac OS X) (Great alternative to VideoScribe cheaper than VideoScribe)

5)-VideoMakerFX (Best available whiteboard animation software for Windows and Mac OS X) (Great alternative to VideoScribe cheaper than VideoScribe)

6)-GoAnimate (Best available whiteboard animation software for Windows and Mac OS X) (Great alternative to VideoScribe not cheaper than VideoScribe)

7)-Rawshorts.com (Best available whiteboard animation software for Windows and Mac OS X) (Great alternative to VideoScribe not cheaper than VideoScribe)

Best Animation Video Creator 2016

These list above was Best Animation video Software 2016, best doodle maker, presentation explainer and animation video makers for Mac and Windows computer/laptop.

I hope this list of best animation video software available scribe, doodle and whiteboard animation software will end your search and you will find it informative and helping. Please do not forget to let me know If you use or know about any other good and available whiteboard animation software. You can use the comment section to give your feedback and suggestions.

This Best Animation video Software 2016 article suits for those who are looking for Best Video Animation Software 2016, best animation video creator 2016, best animation software 2016, best 3d animation software 2016, best animation video software 2016, best video animation creator 2016, best animation creator 2016

Stay tuned, Stay blessed and Do not forget to comment, subscribe, like and share.

Love Story From Stewardess - Cabin Crew Unrevealed Story

hm.wiyono@gmail.com (admin) — Sun, 13 Feb 2011 12:25:00 +0700

Love Story From Stewardess

Love Story From Stewardess - Cabin Crew Unrevealed Story

My best friend was crying as she hugged me tightly as she buried her head into my chest. I'm moved to tears while saying: "be heart patient hi... Esdine", wiped her tears with a tissue, please, do not dissolve in sadness continues .. We take the way out of trouble are you facing, I gave him encouragement. "

I and Esdine worked as a stewardess domestic flights. Because it is often met in the plane. then we are more intimate relations only. As a flight attendant, we provided services in ways that satisfy the passengers. Five years we are together experiencing the joys and sorrows of domestic flights. During that time, we know many pilots who often come with us. Esdine who has manicured eyebrows look very pretty. He have tall and made many people follow in love for her.
There is the pilots is name Wiyono. He was quiet, but very attention to Esdine. As people from Javanese always taught the polite manners, may be said Wiyono Esdine never hurt through words or attitudes. Wiyono often provide souvenirs for Esdine when he runs out flying his planing into different regions. With a caring attitude always from Wiyono, Esdine interested and fell in love too see her. One time during a flight to Ujung Pandang Management, the Garuda airlines chose as his pilot and Esdine Wiyono participate as stewardes. Their hearts blossomed because they can both be in one plane. At the time of the aircraft within 6,000 feet altitude and Esdine sdh finished doing demonstrations for passengers, Wiyono Esdine calling for him. Esdine with a graceful step toward Wiyono and asked: "What is Wi mas?" Sit down beside me, I want to say something closer to his mouth to ear to you.Wiyono Esdine and slow ask: "i love to Esdine", mas tuh hell does that mean? .. I Love Esdine.

Cabin Crew Unrevealed Story

Mas ah .. this is nonsense ..

Esdine smiled sweetly. Their eyes were both looked at each other and also holds Wiyono Esdine shoulder and kissed her forehead as a sign of love. Start a beautiful event on the aircraft, their love relationship more closely, and they intend to continue to the wedding. Okay there is nothing to separate them both.

Two weeks before their wedding, Wiyono given the task of flying the plane to Timika. Nat day and even then came, his plane crash in the jungle get Timika. News accidents immediately accepted that the pilots involved were killed.

Hearing this news Esdine direct contact airline offices and the boyfriend come true Wiyono died. Loose tears wetting his cheeks. Esdine very grieved because of void marriage with Wiyono. By the time they both love flourish, death can terminate the relationship.

A few months after the incident, liver Esdine empty, no one can treat a sad heart. He does not know to whom she complained. At such moments a fellow pilot named Wiyono Fery came to him and persuaded him not to dissolve in grief. The pilot was able to comfort her and fill the void of his heart. She comforted and lulled by the promises encouraging. To eliminate the loneliness, Esdine often invited on vacation by Fery to cool places.

I was suspicious to see their compactness. I want to ban Esdine so as not to associate with him. Because I know the Fery these are men who are not responsible. He frequently affair with a stewardess, flight attendants have a husband. Sorry for this my friend, when he experienced pain in her heart again this Fery. My guess is correct, Esdine already two months pregnant. "I'm Pregnant Lisra by Fery.Dia only men associated with me but Fery not admit it. She said she received an anonymous letter, that baby in my belly is not the result of his actions, but another man. She ripped the letter before me without showing me. "Is it in his own handwriting?" my ask. I do not know, because he got angry and left immediately. I do not know where he is now, I'm confused about the future of my baby. Can you help me? "She cried as she hug to me. how if aborted it? I make a suggestion to solve the problem. "Lis, Thus Esdine wrenching story, but chose not to abort the fetus in her womb

Esdine experience is a mirror for single women to be careful so as not too easy to accept that immerses seduction, seduction.

version indonesian lenguage: http://endromono.wordpress

History of Business Beauty Car

hm.wiyono@gmail.com (admin) — Sun, 23 Jan 2011 01:25:00 +0700

For people with high school, driving a car clean, fragrant and well-maintained machinery and its body is a necessity. Cars for them not just a means of transportation, but also as a symbol of prestige and pride. They wanted to keep his car clean and shiny look. Therefore, to make the car look pretty, they do not object to pocket at least $ 500 thousand every time you visit the salon car garage.

Success story of a cleaning glass, starting from a man. Beauty salon owner and founder of the car HAS, indeed jelly capture business opportunities. In Jakarta is the location of choice for opening the business. Because the development of the capital so quite rapidly in grow number of his car, especially private car owners.

Since the young man born in Surabaya this hobby is caring for a car. "I am determined to open this business with zero capital, he said. Businesses are now producing hundreds of millions of dollars per year of service begins to clean the glass. In 1987, Has opened the first workshop, in the garage of his house in Kelapa Gading, East Jakarta. At that time, only aided by a handyman and car washing, and occupied a home garage with a capacity of only 2 cars. With the promise of frosted glass so the light Has set tariff of Rp 25 thousand per car. At first, he was pessimistic that the rate of it can lure consumers. "The cost of washing a car only when it is only Rp 3,000, 'he said. But, beyond allegations Has ,on the first day of operation,received a three-car garage .

Seeing the market response was judged good enough, Has opened another shop in Pluit. This time his parents' home garage, and can only accommodate one car. Since then, Has not consider longer take care of the car as a hobby. He began to think seriously about business development. So he continued to learn about the development business. He continued to learn about the beauty moil by reading books and visiting exhibitions of automotive cars

He also issued a fund big enough to go to America, where he visited the workshops beauty for cars and many ask about this business. Has become more proficient in this business. Has realized that this effort is in addition to depending on the number of cars in circulation also depends on the location. In the third year of salon car has managed to achieve about 200 customers. Furthermore Has trying to find a place that can accommodate more.

In the new place, Has not only offer services to clean the glass car, but also beautify the car. Services offered packaged in a single package, ie remove all the glass car, polish the paint, clean the entire interior, clean and polish as well as tires, bumpers handlebars wipers, and car door handles, as well as creating a scent in the car like a new car.

Although not complete primary education, including self-taught beauty salon owner who can quickly master the knowledge and skills independently. Just imagine, born in Malang, East Java in 1941 had mastered Arabic, Dutch, English, and Chinese in the three dialects. That said, multy-language skills thanks to her social with the high circles that become customers. Because of that, the salon also frequently receive calls polish cruise ship and aircraft owned by the conglomerates.

The success story is a glass cleaner, we should look up. How persistence ranging from cleaning glass to be able to make the cars look like their customers out of the showroom only. Hopefully can be valuable for you inspiration new businesses

Notes From Air Hostest

hm.wiyono@gmail.com (admin) — Sat, 22 Jan 2011 20:48:00 +0700

Two days ago I wrote note from teacher, I am a flight attendant, because it joined the airline only a few years and do not have a memorable experience, every day just to serve passengers and doing a monotonous job. One day I met an elderly passenger.

Today we travel schedule is from Shanghai to Peking, Among the passengers I saw an old man from the village, embrace an old sack and clearly visible once his village style, in that moment I stood in the doorway of the plane to welcome passengers first impression of my mind is these days was already developed one of the villages already have the money to get on a plane.

When the plane was flying, we started serving drinks, going across the line to the 20, I look back on the old grandfather, he sat up straight and stiff place with a lap seat like a statue of an old sack.

We asked him to drink anything, with surprise he waved his hand to refuse, we want to help put an old sack over baggage seating is also rejected by him, then we let him sit quietly, before the distribution of food we see him sitting with a taut seat in place, we offer food as well rejected by him.

Finally the head flight attendant with a familiar asked him if he was sick, with little voice she mejawab that he was going to the toilet but he was afraid if the plane can move haphazardly, fearing damage to the goods inside the plane.

We explained to him that he may move as he pleased and told a flight attendant brought him to the toilet, while serving drinks at a second time, we saw he glanced at the passenger next to them and swallowed, with not ask us to put a glass of tea over the kitchen he is, it turns out movement our surprise, by surprise he said no, no, we say you are thirsty drink, at this moment spontaneously expelled from his pocket a handful of coins offered to us, we explained to her free drink, he does not believe, he said when he was in way to the airport, felt thirsty and asked for water to food vendors service alongside a road he did not even expelled. At that time we know to save the cost of travel from her village on foot to near the new airport by car, because the money that was taken very little, only to ask the seller drinking and food alongside a road and even then most of the rejected and regarded as a beggar.

After we persuaded him last he believed and sat calmly drinking a cup of tea, we offer food but rejected by him. He recounted that he had two sons who are very good, the eldest son had been working in the city and the youngest is studying at the three in Peking. elder son who works in the city to pick up his parents to live together in the city but both parents are not usually stay in this city finally moved back to the village, once these parents are going to visit his youngest son in Peking, his eldest child's parents could not bring it up car so far, so buy a plane ticket and offered to accompany his father together to Peking, but was rejected by him because it was considered too extravagant and very expensive plane ticket to go alone he insisted had to be approved finally by his son.

By embracing a sack full of sweet dried favored his youngest son, when passing through security checks dibandara, he was told to leave bags of luggage in place but he insisted on bringing his own, he said, if put in place will be destroyed baggage sweet and her son does not like to eat sweet potatoes that have been destroyed, finally We persuaded him to put the bag on the seat trunk, eventually she agreed she carefully put the sack.

As we continue to add in-flight drinks for him, he always responded with a sincere thank-you, but he still refused to eat, although we know he's actually been very hungry, as the plane about to land in a small voice he asked me if there is a small bag? and asked me to put food on the bag. He said that he had never seen food so good, he wanted to bring food to their children, we were all very shocked.

We think that every day saw the food was so ordinary in the eyes of a village becomes so valuable. With a hunger that food is set aside for the sake of her child, with emotion we collect the remaining food which we have not shared with passengers put in a bag that will be given to the grandfather, but he refused granting beyond our expectations, she just wants her part that has not eaten did not want that was not hers alone, a sincere act really made me touched and become a valuable lesson for me.

Actually we consider all this has passed, but who are suspected at the time all the passengers had got off the plane, which last he was in the plane. We helped him out of the door of the plane, before leaving him to do something that really I can not forget the rest of my life, that she knelt down and worship us, thanked him repeatedly, he said that we are all people who are best encountered We in the village only eat once a day and never drink the water that was so sweet and the food is so good, today you do not despise against me and serve me very well, I do not know how to thank you guys

May God repay you, to worship and cry he pronounces his words. We are all thrilled to carry and had someone who worked in the field to help members out of the airfield.

Over the past 5 years working as a flight attendant, multiple-range passenger I have encountered, many of the behavior, the fussy and others, but have never come across people who worship with us, we just run our job with the routine and no privileges for which we provide, only serve beverages and food, but the old man of 70 years until we say thank you to worship, while embracing an old sack containing dried sweet potatoes and set aside food for the hungry beloved child, and not willing to accept food that is not part of, the act was made I was deeply moved and become a very valuable experience for me in the future is not looking at the outward appearance but must still respect every person and appreciate what we can.

Notes From Teacher

hm.wiyono@gmail.com (admin) — Sat, 22 Jan 2011 19:41:00 +0700

Being a teacher, not an easy task. In it, demanded dedication, and also persistence. There should also atience, and compassion in conveying lesson. Because, in fact, teachers not only educate, but also teaches. Only certain people are able to run it.

Being a teacher is not something easy. Moreover, a teacher for children who have the "privilege". And I feel so lucky to be their teacher, although only in a few hours. There is a pleasure separate, are in the middle of children with Cerebral Palsy background (back of brain disorder syndrome).
One time, I was asked to assist a teacher in a classroom for persons with disabilities. The class, called the preparatory class, an classes that are in the initial stage in YPAC Jakarta. Typically, children there were between 9-12 years, but their ability is equivalent to child aged 4-5 years, or class 0 small.

At present there, the classes appeared to be crowded. They apparently were playing flat shape and color. There shouted a hoarse-shouting odd, and tugs a constant head of them. There is also a stiff hands, which were arrange the pieces of the diagram. Here and there scattered wood and plastic toys.
Boisterous. Special benches crackling, rub in a wheelchair part children who collided with the floor.

I felt awkward with all that. However, that feeling is gone, while viewing a teacher who looked so diligently to accompany the children there. "Let's go, sit here near the Si Abang, you know he's more clever to make the letters, "so called to me. I walked, past the children who are still busy with the task
them. Ah come on, the brother, 11-year-old child who suffered cerebral Palsy with enlarged heads, were smiling to me. Her body bouncing, hand calling out as if to show off with cleverness arrange the letters.

Subhanallah, he bounced back Abang. I was shocked. I smiled. He chuckling laugh. Soon, we began to familiar. He was not embarrassed again assisted set of numbers and letters. Stacking-stacking-paste-paste, so that we do. Ah, I began to enjoy this job. He was now looking clings in hand me. Without the feel, I stroked his head and held it to his chest. Feel peaceful and warm.

Meanwhile in another corner, his mother a teacher to be patient once accompany all children there. He led the children hands to pursue the image structures. learning each finger with diligence, while occasionally invite them smile. His hands never stopped stroking soft fingertips is weak. However, no one had ever complained, and angry that I heard.

Time runs so fast. And now, time to go home. After clean up some games, the children were getting on the bench respectively. Aduuh, peace once saw the children were ready with position.
Hands folded on the table, and gaze towards the front of the plain, I believe, make everyone smile. The teacher began leading the prayer, directing each child to set eyes and say your hope in God.
Peace. Peace was a spy who shut it. Shade. Calm view their eyes are all closed. Four hours had me with "the angels" small. Exhausted and tired I felt, seemed insignificant compared to with inner experiences that I experienced. Now, they move, the march toward the exit. Appear one by one wheelchair moving in my direction. owww, what's this

Again and again I was touched. Arriving in front of me, they all fell silent, signaled to kiss his hand. Yes, they kissed my hand, while said, "Good afternoon Mr. Teacher .." Ah, a sincere word that makes me soared. the teacher ... the teacher, once said they one by one. Wheelchair they rattled every time they pedaled toward me. Crackle-crackle it again makes me thrilled, imagining their efforts to just kissed my hand.

The last child had kissed my hand. Now, my gaze moves to side, toward the back of the children who walk to the exit. In silence I say, ".. the kids goodbye, goodbye angels My little ... "I let the tears that trickled in between the petals. I let the grains fall, to describe my feelings of emotion and pride. Proud to their struggle, and also touched on the spirit they had.

Hoe Make Money

hm.wiyono@gmail.com (admin) — Mon, 27 Dec 2010 01:23:00 +0700

Getting Started

Unless you are going to be having a go at online surveys, then you are going to need to communicate with people in some way. And for this, you need a simple website. And the most simplest form and easiest to set-up, whilst being free, is by heading over to Blogger and setting up your own blog. Within minutes you can have your own unique website, that you can customise and use for almost anything that you want.

The Potential Income Streams
To get you going for free, there are a variety of income streams. One of the best can be paid posting, but that is better once your site has aged a bit and has some traffic. So, until that day comes and to supplement it once it arrives, what can you do?

Well Google's AdSense is easy to sign up for and if you are using Blogger, you can install the adverts in a couple of minutes. So that is the next step. With this, every visitor that comes to your site has the potential of clicking the links and earning you cash.

Also, you can earn money by promoting and linking to relevant products, through affiliate selling. You just need to look around various merchants, affiliate directories and services such as ClickBank (which promotes ebooks - excellent for global selling) to find some products to promote.

Where To Find Visitors
Search Engine Optimisation is great, if you have the time and the skills plus the patience to learn what is needed. You can also distribute articles to relevant directories to get some traffic.

But, what if writing is not your thing and these are too technical? Well all is not lost, in fact there are other methods that can be just as good and a lot more fun. If you use Facebook and other social networking sites then you can tap into the possibilities there. Maybe set up a separate business account for your home enterprise if you want them to be separated, and then start to get people following you. Next you just use your social networking skills to mention what you are writing on your blog and get people to call into your blog. As people share what you are saying, that is your source of visitors.

Extending The Reach
Never rest on your laurels. Once people are visiting the site make sure they are coming back and you do this by signing up to a free newsletter service, putting a sign up form on your blog and sending a weekly newsletter to everyone that signs up. You can include affiliate links in the direct mailing as well, increasing your chances of an income.

History of Java

hm.wiyono@gmail.com (admin) — Mon, 20 Dec 2010 20:47:00 +0700

History of Java

Java is the 13th largest island in the world and was formed as the result of volcanic actions. It is made up of a chain of volcanic mountains forming an east-west spine along the island. There are three primary languages but most of the people speak Indonesian as their second language. The majority of the Javanese people are Muslim, however, there is a mixture of different religious beliefs caused by Java’s diverse history.

The earliest archeological artifact is a Hindu statue of Ganesha (1st century AD) found on the summit of Mount Raksa in Panaitan Island in West Java.

The earliest written records, in Sanskrit, mention the kingdom of Tarumanagara in the 5th century A.D. It lay to east of modern day Jakarta and one King Purnawarman was its ruler. He began the construction of irrigation canals for rice fields. He also inscribed his name and made a carving of his footprints, as well as his elephant's footprints on a huge black boulder. The inscription reads, "Here are the footprints of King Purnawarna, the heroic conqueror of the world".

However, Java and other Indonesian islands were mentioned by Indian scholars before this time and there was a continuous migration of Indian settlers between the 1st and 7th century AD. Like many other Southeast Asian kingdoms of that age Tarumanagara was influenced by the civilization of India. The blending Hindu literature and philosophy together with local culture enabled Hindu religion to spread throughout all layers of society in Java.

The Tarumanagara kingdom disappeared sometime within the next three centuries perhaps because of the rise of the Buddhist kingdom of Sriwijaya in south Sumatra but no one knows for sure.

From about the 8th century central Java was ruled by the Sailendra princes. Their small kingdoms were rich and the center of commercial and naval power. They built enormous religious monuments the largest of which is the Buddhist temple of Borobudur. Soon after the completion of Borobudur (built between 750-850 AD) the Temple to Siva at Prambanan was begun although this temple was not constructed by the Sailendras. Then some unknown disaster seems to have occurred at the beginning of the 10th century because there was a sudden end to the production of monuments, inscriptions and other artifacts in central Java.

The last of the major Hindu kingdoms was The Majapahit Empire in eastern Java (1293 to about 1500 AD). Then in the sixteenth century the power of coastal Muslim kingdoms began to grow and the remnants of the Majapahits fled to Bali which still has a Hindu majority today.

The earliest Muslim missionaries were called the Wali Sanga (the nine saints) they are the founders of Islam in Java and some of their tombs are still well-preserved. The type of Islam in Java is mixed with long-standing local beliefs.

The Dutch arrived in the early sixteen hundreds and established the Dutch East India Company with its trading and administrative headquarters in Batavia (now the capital city of Jakarta). By the nineteenth century the Dutch government had taken control of Indonesia and in the mid-nineteenth century endorsed policies to increase the profitability of the colony which increased the production of cash crops. This led to famine and widespread poverty in Java and by the beginning of the twentieth century there were protests which succeeded in changing this policy to one of increased investment and gave the Javanese elites access to a Dutch education. The later Indonesian nationalist leaders came from these western educated people formed the government, when Indonesia became an independent Republic after the end of World War II.

Telisik al Kitab dan Al Qur'an

hm.wiyono@gmail.com (admin) — Wed, 3 Nov 2010 06:05:00 +0700

Al-Kitab

Terdiri dari Perjanjian Lama (kitab sebelum Injil) dan Perjanjian Baru (pasca Injil turun). Perjanjian Lama berisi kitab Musa (kejadian, keluaran, imamat orang lewi, bilangan, dan ulangan), kitab jusak, hakim-hakim, …dst dan kitab nabi-nabi sebelumnya (Jermia? Jehezkiel? Daniel? sekilas dibaca nama “bab” kitab nabi: yang bener2 sama dengan nama Nabi dalam al-Quran adalah Yunus dan Zakariya).

Sementara itu Perjanjian Baru berisi Kitab Injil karangan Matius, Markus, Lukas, Yahya (masing-masing memiliki jumlah fasal dan ayat berbeda). Injil ini hampir semua ditulis sepeninggal Isa, bahkan Yahya (bukan nabi Yahya, maksudnya Yahya yang menulis salah satu Injil) tidak pernah bertemu langsung dengan Isa. Bahasa asalnya adalah bahasa bani Israil (serumpun dengan Yahudi: Ibrani), tetapi kitab Injil yang ada di zaman Isa hidup entah bagaimana nasibnya sekarang.

Ada pula sebenarnya Injil lain, tetapi dibatalkan (tidak dirumuskan dalam al-Kitab), yaitu: Injil Petrus, Injil Kopty (Evangely Aegipstisch), Ibrani (Hebrew), dan Barnaba. Chie belom liat yang dibatalkan ini. Kata sebuah buku Perbandingan Agama yang pernah chie baca, isi kitab2 yang dibatalkan ini lebih mentauhidkan Allah daripada menggaungkan konsep trinitas. Apa di dalamnya juga ada pengakuan nabi terakhir bernama Ahmad?

Isi dari Injil yang dicantumkan dalam al-Kitab secara keseluruhan sama menceritakan kehidupan Isa. Injil-injil ini ditulis pada tahun 65-100 M (jauhlah ya dari 0 M: kelahiran Isa). Isi dari ketiga Injil –selain Yahya– ini cukup senada, tetapi banyak juga perbedaannya. Injil Yahya lebih banyak mengkultuskan Isa sebagai Tuhan. Setelah Injil yang empat ini, Perjanjian Baru dilanjut kisah Rasul-rasul, dan surat-surat kiriman Paulus. Generally cara penyusunan dari al-Kitab ini adalah berdasarkan waktu historis.

Al-Quran

Terdiri dari 30 juz dan 114 surat berbahasa Arab, turun berangsur-angsur selama 22 tahun lebih. Mengapa dalam bahasa Arab? Karena bahasa Arab merupakan bahasa yang paling kaya (ga percaya? coba deh belajar bahasa Arab dikiiiiiit aja dan rasakan satu kata bisa berubah bentuk super banyak). Bahasa Arab terpilih menjadi bahas perantara seorang Khaliq dan makhluq. Allah sendiri menjawab dalam Q.S. az-Zukhruf:43, “Sesungguhnya Kami menjadikan Al Quran dalam bahasa Arab supaya kamu memahami(nya).” Para penyair di negeri aslinya pun mengakui bahwa bahasa al-Quran itu indah, seringkali ritmik, dan istilah qta mah nyastra… tapi tak sekedar nyastra, bobotnya pun lebat.

Ayat yang pertama turun adalah al-’Alaq:1-5 (perintah tentang “membaca”, terkait ilmu dan pemahaman), tapi ga disimpan di awal. Yang disimpan di awal adalah al-Fatihah:1-7 (induk al-Quran: antara kewajiban dan hak sebagai seorang hamba Allah). Ayat yang terakhir turun adalah al-Maidah:3 (telah sempurnanya Islam sebagai din/agama yang mengatur semua urusan) juga ga disimpen di akhir. Yang disimpan di akhir adalah an-Naas:1-6 (doa agar dilindungi dari kejahatan syaithan). Penyusunan al-Quran dengan urutan seperti yang dipegang oleh ummat muslim didasarkan pada bagaimana Rasulullah membacanya pada saat Ramadhan terakhir sebelum ajal beliau (disimak oleh Jibril; diwahyukan agar urutannya demikian). Para penghapal dan penulis al-Quran mulai mengumpulkannya menjadi satu kitab pada masa Khalifah pertama (speninggal Rasulullah): Abu Bakar ash-Shidiq.

Tidak setiap surat turun secara sekaligus, bahkan ada yang hanya berupa penggalan ayat. Ayat al-Quran turun sesuai dengan kasus yang terjadi di zaman Rasulullah (asbabun Nuzul). Di dalamnya berisi konsep aqidah, akhlaq, ibadah, jihad, muamalah, sejarah, bahkan ilmu pengetahuan (misal tentang perkembangan janin, astronomi, makanan-minuman, dll). Adapun sirah Nabawy (sejarah hidup Muhammad) tidak tertulis dalam al-Quran, melainkan hasil kajian dari hadits yang ditelusuri ulama-ulama sejak dulu.

Dari Mataram Hingga Keraton Jogja.

hm.wiyono@gmail.com (admin) — Thu, 15 Apr 2010 22:00:00 +0700

Berbeda dengan kerajaan-kerajaan Islam lainnya di Indonesia yang bersifat maritim, kerajaan Mataram bersifat agraris. Kerajaan yang beribu kota di pedalaman Jawa ini banyak mendapat pengaruh kebudayaan Jawa Hindu baik pada lingkungan keluarga raja maupun pada golomngan rakyat jelata. Pemerintahan kerajaan ini ditandai dengan perebutan tahta dan perselisihan antaranggota keluarga yang sering dicampuri oleh Belanda. Kebijaksanaan politik pendahulunya sering tidak diteruskan oleh pengganti-penggantinya. Walaupun demikian, kerajaan Mataram merupakan pengembang kebudayaan Jawa yang berpusat di lingkungan keraton Mataram. Kebudayaan tersebut merupakan perpaduan antara kebudayaan Indonesia lama, Hindu-Budha, dan Islam.

Banyak versi mengenai masa awal berdirinya kerajaan Mataram berdasarkan mitos dan legenda. Pada umumnya versi-versi tersebut mengaitkannya dengan kerajaan-kerajaan terdahulu, seperti Demak dan Pajang. Menurut salah satu versi, setelah Demak mengalami kemunduran, ibukotanya dipindahkan ke Pajang dan mulailah pemerintahan Pajang sebagai kerajaan. Kerajaan ini terus mengadakan ekspansi ke Jawa Timur dan juga terlibat konflik keluarga dengan Arya Penangsang dari Kadipaten Jipang Panolan. Setelah berhasil menaklukkan Aryo Penangsang, Sultan Hadiwijaya (1550-1582), raja Pajang memberikan hadiah kepada 2 orang yang dianggap berjasa dalam penaklukan itu, yaitu Ki Ageng Pemanahan dan Ki Penjawi. Ki Ageng Pemanahan memperoleh tanah di Hutan Mentaok dan Ki Penjawi memperoleh tanah di Pati.

Pemanahan berhasil membangun hutan Mentaok itu menjadi desa yang makmur, bahkan lama-kelamaan menjadi kerajaan kecil yang siap bersaing dengan Pajang sebagai atasannya. Setelah Pemanahan meninggal pada tahun 1575 ia digantikan putranya, Danang Sutawijaya, yang juga sering disebut Pangeran Ngabehi Loring Pasar. Sutawijaya kemudian berhasil memberontak pada Pajang. Setelah Sultan Hadiwijaya wafat (1582) Sutawijaya mengangkat diri sebagai raja Mataram dengan gelar Panembahan Senapati. Pajang kemudian dijadikan salah satu wilayah bagian daari Mataram yang beribukota di Kotagede. Senapati bertahta sampai wafatnya pada tahun 1601.

Selama pemerintahannya boleh dikatakan terus-menerus berperang menundukkan bupati-bupati daerah. Kasultanan Demak menyerah, Panaraga, Pasuruan, Kediri, Surabaya, berturut-turut direbut. Cirebon pun berada di bawah pengaruhnya. Panembahan Senapati dalam babad dipuji sebagai pembangun Mataram.

Senapati digantikan oleh putranya, Mas Jolang, yang bertahta tahun 1601-1613. Maas Jolang lebih dikenal dengan sebutan Panembahan Seda Krapyak. Pada masa pemerintahannya, dibangun taman Danalaya di sebelah barat kraton. Panembahan Seda Krapyak hanya memerintah selama 12 tahun Ia meninggal ketika sedang berburu di Hutan Krapyak.

Selanjutnya bertahtalah Mas Rangsang, yang bergelar Sultan Agung Hanyakrakusuma. Di bawah pemerintahannya (tahun 1613-1645) Mataram mengalami masa kejayaan. Ibukota kerajaan Kotagede dipindahkan ke Kraton Plered. Sultan Agung merupakan raja yang menyadari pentingnya kesatuan di seluruh tanah Jawa. Daerah pesisir seperti Surabaya dan Madura ditaklukkan supaya kelak tidak membahayakan kedudukan Mataram. Ia pun merupakan penguasa lokal pertama yang secara besar-besaran dan teratur mengadakan peperangan dengan Belanda yang hadir lewat kongsi dagang VOC (Vereenigde Oost Indische Compagnie). Kekuasaan Mataram pada waktu itu meliputi hampir seluruh Jawa, dari Pasuruan sampai Cirebon. Sementara itu VOC telah menguasai beberapa wilayah seperti di Batavia dan di Indonesia Bagian Timur.

Di samping dalam bidang politik dan militer, Sultan Agung juga mencurahkan perhatiannya pada bidang ekonomi dan kebudayaan. Upayanya antara lain memindahkan penduduk Jawa Tengah ke Kerawang, Jawa Barat, di mana terdapat sawah dan ladang yang luas serta subur. Sultan Agung juga berusaha menyesuaikan unsur-unsur kebudayaan Indonesia asli dengan Hindu dan Islam. Misalnya Garebeg disesuaikan dengan hari raya Idul Fitri dan hari kelahiran Nabi Muhammad SAW. Sejak itu dikenal Garebeg Puasa dan Garebeg Mulud. Pembuatan tahun Saka dan kitab filsafat Sastra Gendhing merupakan karya Sultan Agung yang lainnya.

Sultan Agung meninggal pada tahun 1645 dengan meninggalkan Mataram dalam keadaan yang kokoh, aman, dan makmur. Ia diganti oleh putranya yang bergelar Amangkurat I. Amangkurat I tidak mewarisi sifat-sifat ayahnya. Pemerintahannya yang berlangsung tahun 1645-1676 diwarnai dengasn banyak pembunuhan/kekejaman. Pada masa pemerintahannya ibukota kerajaan Mataram dipindahkan ke Kerta.

Pada tahun 1674 pecahlah Perang Trunajaya yang didukung para ulama dan bangsawan, bahkan termasuk putra mahkota sendiri. Ibukota Kerta jatuh dan Amangkurat I (bersama putra mahkota yang akhirnya berbalik memihak ayahnya) melarikan diri untuk mencari bantuan VOC. Akan tetapi sampai di Tegalarum, (dekat Tegal, Jawa Tengah) Amangkurat I jatuh sakit dan akhirnya wafat.

Ia digantikan oleh putra mahkota yang bergelar Amangkurat II atau dikenal juga dengan sebutan Sunan Amral. Sunan Amangkurat II bertahta pada tahun 1677-1703. Ia sangat tunduk kepada VOC demi mempertahankan tahtanya. Pada akhirnya Trunajaya berhasil dibunuh oleh Amangkurat II dengan bantuan VOC, dan sebagai konpensasinya VOC menghendaki perjanjian yang berisi: Mataram harus menggadaikan pelabuhan Semarang dan Mataram harus mengganti kerugian akibat perang.

Oleh karena Kraton Kerta telah rusak, ia memindahkan kratonnya ke Kartasura (1681). Kraton dilindungi oleh benteng tentara VOC. Dalam masa ini Amangkurat II berhasil menyelesaikan persoalan Pangeran Puger (adik Amangkurat II yang kelak dinobatkan menjadi Paku Buwana I oleh para pengikutnya). Namun karena tuntutan VOC kepadanya untuk membayar ganti rugi biaya dalam perang Trunajaya, Mataram lantas mengalami kesulitan keuangan. Dalam kesulitan itu ia berusaha ingkar kepada VOC dengan cara mendukung Surapati yang menjadi musuh dan buron VOC.

Hubungan Amangkurat II dengan VOC menjadi tegang dan semakin memuncak setelah Amangkurat II mangkat (1703) dan digantikan oleh putranya, Sunan Mas (Amangkurat III). Ia juga menentang VOC. Pihak VOC yang mengetahui rasa permusuhan yang ditunjukkan raja baru tersebut, maka VOC tidak setuju dengan penobatannya. Pihak VOC lantas mengakui Pangeran Puger sebagai raja Mataram dengan gelar Paku Buwana I. Hal ini menyebabkan terjadinya perang saudara atau dikenal dengan sebutan Perang Perebutan Mahkota I (1704-1708). Akhirnya Amangkurat III menyerah dan ia dibuang ke Sailan oleh VOC. Namun Paku Buwana I harus membayar ongkos perang dengan menyerahkan Priangan, Cirebon, dan Madura bagian timur kepada VOC.

Paku Buwana I meninggal tahun 1719 dan digantikan oleh Amangkurat IV (1719-1727) atau dikenal dengan sebutan Sunan Prabu , dalam pemerintahannya dipenuhi dengan pemberontakan para bangsawan yang menentangnya, dan seperti biasa VOC turut andil pada konflik ini, sehinggga konflik membesar dan terjadilah Perang Perebutan Mahkota II (1719-1723). VOC berpihak pada Sunan Prabu sehingga para pemberontak berhasil ditaklukkan dan dibuang VOC ke Sri Langka dan Afrika Selatan.

Sunan Prabu meninggal tahun 1727 dan diganti oleh Paku Buwana II (1727-1749). Pada masa pemerintahannya terjadi pemberontakan China terhadap VOC. Paku Buwana II memihak China dan turut membantu memnghancurkan benteng VOC di Kartasura. VOC yang mendapat bantuan Panembahan Cakraningrat dari Madura berhasil menaklukan pemberontak China. Hal ini membuat Paku Buwana II merasa ketakutan dan berganti berpihak kepada VOC. Hal ini menyebabkan timbulnya pemberontakan Raden Mas Garendi yang bersama pemberontak China menggempur kraton, hingga Paku Buwana II melarikan diri ke Panaraga. Dengan bantuan VOC kraton dapat direbut kembali (1743) tetapi kraton telah porak poranda yang memaksanya untuk memindahkan kraton ke Surakarta (1744).

Hubungan manis Paku Buwana II dengan VOC menyebabkan rasa tidak suka golongan bangsawan. Dengan dipimpin Raden Mas Said terjadilah pemberontakan terhadap raja. Paku Buwana II menugaskan adiknya, Pangeran Mangkubumi, untuk mengenyahkan kaum pemberontak dengan janji akan memberikan hadiah tanah di Sukowati (Sragen sekarang). Usaha Mangkubumi berhasil. Tetapi Paku Buwana II mengingkari janjinya, sehingga Mangkubumi berdamai dengan Raden Mas Said dan melakukan pemberontakan bersama-sama. Mulailah terjadi Perang Perebutan Mahkota III (1747-1755).

Paku Buwana II dan VOC tak mampu menghadapi 2 bangsawan yang didukung rakyat tersebut, bahkan akhirnya Paku Buwana II jatuh sakit dan wafat (1749). Namun menurut pengakuan Hogendorf, Wakil VOC Semarang saat sakratul maut Paku Buwana II menyerahkan tahtanya kepada VOC. Sejak saat itulah VOC merasa berdaulat atas Mataram. Atas inisiatif VOC, putra mahkota dinobatkan menjadi Paku Buwana III (1749).

Pengangkatan Paku Buwana III tidak menyurutkan pemberontakan, bahkan wilayah yang dikuasai Mangkubumi telah mencapai Yogya, Bagelen, dan Pekalongan. Namun justru saat itu terjadi perpecahan anatara Mangkubumi dan Raden Mas Said. Hal ini menyebabkan VOC berada di atas angin. VOC lalu mengutus seorang Arab dari Batavia (utusan itu diakukan VOC dari Tanah Suci) untuk mengajak Mangkubumi berdamai.

Ajakan itu diterima Mangkubumi dan terjadilah apa yang sering disebut sebagai Palihan Nagari atau Perjanjian Giyanti (1755). Isi perjanjian tersebut adalah: Mataram dibagi menjadi dua. Bagian barat dibagikan kepada Pangeran Mangkubumi yang diijinkan memakai gelar Hamengku Buwana I dan mendirikan kraton di Yogyakarta. Sedangkan bagian timur diberikan kepada Paku Buwana III.

Mulai saat itulah Mataram dibagi dua, yaitu Kasultanan Yogyakarta dengan raja Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwana I dan Kasunanan Surakarta dengan raja Sri Susuhunan Paku Buwana III.

Digital Printing

hm.wiyono@gmail.com (admin) — Sun, 18 Oct 2009 12:19:00 +0700

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Kalau dikatakan dunia saat ini serba cepat maka digital printing juga memberikan kabar gembira yang bisa dipakai joint untuk menerima pesanan dengan sistem 24 jam tanpa tutup. Pesan digital printing secepatnya maka order akan diselesaikan dan dikirim untuk sampai ke tangan anda secepatnya sehingga peluang keberhasilan anda tidak akan sempat tertunda. Itulah kelebihan digital printing services yang tersedia untuk anda yang membutuhkan waktu cepat untuk berbisnis.

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My live for serve to my god

hm.wiyono@gmail.com (admin) — Sat, 30 May 2009 23:16:00 +0700

I live on this earth just for non stop serve to my god, non to material value. Therefore for me estae, position, elegance and any kind of having the some thing can destroy its no price in my live. there is most valuable is calmness live.

the calmness in this life represent for all. In consequence live for the activity full and don't live for the just rest. in obtaining what dreamed of capital to obtain get bliss.

Today I am get the very big new responsibility that is have to manage an education organization, even heavily but this is my trust have to shoulder it. I ask all bloggers for get breathe life into to me. I am sorry, if there is wrong this writing, because beginner to learn english

Well Come

hm.wiyono@gmail.com (admin) — Thu, 23 Apr 2009 01:07:00 +0700

It is
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