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78 Years of Oppression Kashmir Black Day, October 27, 2025 (2025-22)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Tue, 4 Aug 2026 07:54:11 +0500

The observance of Kashmir Black Day serves as a solemn reminder of one of the darkest chapters in South Asian history. On 27 October 1947, Indian forces landed in Jammu and Kashmir, igniting a conflict that continues to this day. That moment marked the beginning of a prolonged occupation, one that has deprived generations of Kashmiris of their inalienable right to self-determination. For seventy-eight years, the Kashmiri people have endured repression, dispossession, and the erosion of their political and cultural identity, yet their resolve remains unbroken. The commemoration of this day is not merely about recalling the past; it underscores the urgent need for a just resolution to a conflict that has festered for decades and remains a threat to regional and international peace.

The international community recognized early on that the future of Jammu and Kashmir could not be decided unilaterally. Between 1948 and 1957, the United Nations Security Council adopted a series of resolutions affirming that the territory's status must be determined through a free and impartial plebiscite conducted under UN auspices. Resolution 47 of April 1948 laid the foundation by calling for a ceasefire, withdrawal of forces, and a plebiscite to ascertain the will of the people. Subsequent resolutions reinforced this principle, making clear that the right to self-determination was central to resolving the conflict. However, despite these international commitments, successive Indian governments have evaded their obligations, insisting instead on unilateral solutions that contravene both international law and the spirit of multilateralism.

The human dimension of the Kashmir Conflict is perhaps its most poignant aspect. Independent observers, including the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Human Rights Watch, and Amnesty International, have documented grave and consistent violations in the region. Reports speak of arbitrary detentions, extrajudicial killings, enforced disappearances, sexual violence, and systemic suppression of freedoms of expression, assembly, and association. For decades, Indian Illegally occupies Jammu & Kashmir has been among the most militarized regions in the world, with nearly half a million troops stationed there. This massive security presence has turned everyday life into a cycle of fear and deprivation for ordinary Kashmiris. Yet despite such overwhelming pressure, the people of Kashmir have continued their struggle with remarkable courage, keeping alive their demand for dignity and self-determination.

The trajectory of the conflict changed significantly on 5 August 2019, when the Government of India unilaterally revoked Articles 370 and 35A of its Constitution, stripping IIOJK of the limited autonomy it had retained. This move was accompanied by a sweeping lockdown, unprecedented communication blackouts and mass arrests of political leaders, activists, and youth. Since then, India has pursued an accelerated program of demographic and political engineering in the region. This includes gerrymandering of electoral constituencies, granting of domicile certificates to non-Kashmiris, manipulation of voter rolls, and changes to property laws designed to settle outsiders in the region. Such measures are in clear violation of international law, including the Fourth Geneva Convention, which prohibits an occupying power from altering the demographic composition of occupied territory. Scholars and human rights organizations alike have characterized these actions as attempts to transform Kashmiris into a politically disempowered minority in their own homeland.

The consequences of these developments extend far beyond the region itself. The Kashmir Conflict has long been a flashpoint in South Asia, and its unresolved status poses a continuing risk to international security. Pakistan has consistently maintained that durable peace in South Asia cannot be achieved without a fair resolution of the Jammu and Kashmir Conflict in accordance with UN resolutions and the aspirations of the Kashmiri people. Pakistan has extended diplomatic, political, and moral support to the Kashmiri cause since 1947, repeatedly raising the issue at the United Nations General Assembly and other international forums. Its position remains that dialogue, grounded in international law and multilateral commitments, is the only viable path to a peaceful settlement. However, India's insistence on treating Kashmir as an internal matter, despite its recognized international status, has prevented substantive progress.

The sacrifices of the Kashmiri people remain central to this narrative. Over the past seven decades alone, thousands of men, women, and children have lost their lives, and countless families have suffered displacement, trauma, and loss. Political leaders remain incarcerated, civil society is silenced, and media access is heavily restricted. Yet the people's resilience testifies to the depth of their conviction. Successive generations of Kashmiris have carried forward the struggle, refusing to relinquish their demand for self-determination despite overwhelming odds. Their resistance underscores the reality that no amount of force can extinguish the quest for freedom and dignity.

The international community cannot turn a blind eye to this prolonged human tragedy. The Kashmir Conflict is not an internal issue; it is a matter that the United Nations has formally recognized as requiring international mediation. There exists a legal obligation to implement the Security Council's resolutions, a moral duty to alleviate the suffering of millions of Kashmiris, and a strategic imperative to prevent conflict between two nuclear-armed states. Ignoring Kashmiris is not only a betrayal of promises made in the mid-twentieth century; it is a dangerous gamble with the stability of South Asia and beyond. The longer the conflict remains unresolved, the greater the potential for radicalization, instability, and humanitarian crises that could reverberate well beyond the region.

Marking 27 October as Kashmir Black Day is therefore both an act of remembrance and a call to action. It honors the courage and sacrifices of the Kashmiri people, who have faced repression with dignity and determination. It reminds the world of unfulfilled promises made by the international community, and it reaffirms Pakistan's solidarity with its Kashmiri brethren. Most importantly, it is a message that the struggle for justice cannot be silenced, and that peace in South Asia will remain elusive until the people of Jammu and Kashmir are allowed to decide their own future through a free and impartial plebiscite. The international community must play its part by holding India accountable for its human rights violations, demanding the reversal of unilateral measures taken in August 2019, and supporting practical steps toward the realization of the Kashmiri right to self-determination. Only then can the suffering of millions be alleviated, and only then can a durable and just peace take root in South Asia.

On the eve of 78 Years of Oppression, Kashmir Black Day, Pakistan Post is issuing the Commemorative Postage Stamp of Rs.30/- denomination on October 27th, 2025.

International Breast Cancer Awareness (Pinktober) October 14th, 2025 (2025-21)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Mon, 27 Jul 2026 21:55:02 +0500

Breast Cancer Awareness and Control:- Breast cancer has become one of the most pressing public health challenges in Pakistan. Current statistics highlight the scale of the problem: one out of every nine women in Pakistan is at risk of developing breast cancer; nearly 90,000 new cases are diagnosed each year; and approximately 40,000 women lose their lives annually. With the highest incidence rate across Asia, Pakistan carries an alarming disease burden, where almost 70% of patients reach hospitals at stage III, when survival chances are minimal.

Scientific evidence underscores that if breast cancer is detected at an early stage, survival rates can reach up to 90%. This makes prevention, awareness, and early detection the most powerful tools available to counter the crisis. Recognizing this, the Government of Pakistan has progressively aligned its health policies to incorporate breast cancer as a national priority.

Government's Recognition and Policy Integration:- Over the past two decades, sustained advocacy and community awareness have brought breast cancer out of the shadows of taboo into the national health agenda. This transition is significant, as it reflects a policy shift where breast cancer is no longer treated merely as a private medical concern, but as a systemic challenge requiring government-led solutions.

The Ministry of National Health Services, Regulations and Coordination, in consultation with provincial health departments, has taken steps to integrate cancer prevention and treatment into the broader primary and secondary healthcare framework. Initiatives such as mobile screening units, early detection awareness campaigns, and inclusion of breast health in women's primary healthcare consultations mark the beginning of a more structured national response.

1. Strategic Interventions

Ø National Screening and Early Detection Expansion of mammography and diagnostic services through public hospitals.

Ø Integration of breast examination and awareness into Lady Health Worker (LHW) programmes to ensure outreach to rural and underserved communities.

Ø Establishment of clear referral pathways from primary to tertiary healthcare facilities.

2. Awareness Campaigns

Ø Launch of sustained, nationwide public awareness drives highlighting the importance of self-examination and early medical consultation.

Ø Leveraging national media platforms, including radio, television, and digital media, to ensure consistent messaging across all provinces and regions.

Ø Engagement of schools, universities, and workplaces to instill awareness in younger demographics, thereby creating generational change in health-seeking behaviors.

3. Capacity Building

Ø Training of doctors, nurses, and paramedics in specialized oncology care, counselling, and palliative support.

Ø Development of specialized units in teaching hospitals dedicated to breast health and oncology.

Ø Inclusion of mental health support and counselling services within treatment protocols to address the emotional impact on patients and families.

4. Infrastructure Development

Ø Strengthening oncology departments in tertiary care hospitals across provinces.

Ø Establishment of dedicated breast cancer facilities in regional hubs to reduce travel and financial burden on patients.

Ø Long-term plans to build specialized centers of excellence in collaboration with medical universities and research institutions.

Role of Civil Society:- While government policy remains the backbone of national response, civil society initiatives have played a valuable supporting role. Organizations such as Pink Ribbon have, over the years, contributed to breaking the silence surrounding breast cancer, raising awareness, and facilitating patient support programmes. Their work complements state initiatives and underscores the importance of consistent advocacy in sustaining national attention on this issue.

Annual Observance and Awareness Mobilization:- The observance of October as Breast Cancer Awareness Month (Pinktober) provides an opportunity to mobilize all stakeholders around a unified national campaign. Under government leadership, Pinktober is increasingly being recognized as a national health observance, ensuring visibility at the highest levels of state. Official endorsements, public service messaging, and national-level events contribute to making breast cancer awareness part of public discourse.

This observance also reinforces the need for year-round action. Awareness must not be limited to one month in the calendar; instead, Pinktober should act as a launchpad for continuous, sustainable interventions across all provinces and communities.

Challenges and Way Forward:- Despite progress, Pakistan continues to face challenges:

Ø Late Detection: A large majority of women report symptoms at advanced stages due to stigma, lack of knowledge, or poor access to healthcare.

Ø Geographic Disparities: Rural populations remain underserved, with screening and diagnostic services concentrated in urban centers.

Ø Financial Barriers: High costs of treatment make it inaccessible to lower-income groups, necessitating expansion of free or subsidized care.

Ø Cultural Barriers: Social taboos and misconceptions about breast health continue to discourage open conversations and timely medical intervention.

To address these, a stronger, government-led national response is required. The way forward should emphasize:

Ø Institutionalizing breast cancer screening and awareness in all public health facilities.

Ø Ensuring budgetary allocations within federal and provincial health strategies dedicated specifically to breast cancer control.

Ø Expanding public-sector treatment facilities with subsidized or free services for low-income patients.

Ø Engaging educational institutions for youth-focused awareness programmes.

Ø Establishing a robust data collection and cancer registry system to guide evidence-based policymaking.

Conclusion:- Breast cancer is both preventable and treatable, provided it is addressed with urgency and coordinated policy. Pakistan has made significant strides in acknowledging it as a national priority, but the challenge requires sustained action. Government leadership, institutional support, and continuous awareness are, the pillars upon which success depends.

The focus must remain clear: every woman in Pakistan deserves access to knowledge, screening, and treatment that can save her life. By placing breast cancer firmly within the national health agenda and ensuring implementation of structured interventions, Pakistan can move toward reducing mortality, improving survival rates, and ultimately transforming breast cancer from a fatal disease into a manageable health condition.

On International Breast Cancer Awareness Month (#Pinktober), Pakistan Post is issuing the Commemorative Postage Stamp and Souvenir Sheet of denomination Rs. 30/-on October 14th, 2025.

World Dyslexia Awareness Day. October 8th, 2025 (2025-20)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Mon, 13 Jul 2026 11:58:32 +0500

Dyslexia is a learning disability in reading affecting kids and adults alike. People with Dyslexia have trouble reading at a good pace and without mistakes. They may also have a hard time with reading comprehension, spelling, writing and at times sequential memory. It is estimated that Dyslexia is estimated to have a prevalence of 5% to 17% among school-age children. Children with Dyslexia have difficulty in learning to read as they mix letters and remember spellings. Dyslexia is caused by differences in the way the brain processes language, making it harder to connect letters with sounds and recognize words automatically. It does not result from vision or hearing problems. Also, it is not due to mental retardation, brain damage, or a lack of intelligence. It has to be understood that Dyslexia is not a mental disorder and has nothing to do with the IQ of the individual.

In 1877, German neurologist Adolf Kussmaul was the first to identify a phenomenon which he named Wortblindheit (word-blindness). 10 years later, Rudolf Berlin, a German ophthalmologist coined the term "Dyslexia" which has Greek roots for "difficulty with words". Over the years, countless studies have researched Dyslexia, concluding it is not a disability at all, but those with it think differently. In 2002, MRIs done by professionals at Yale University found that the brains of people with Dyslexia worked differently as compared to ordinary people. Many individuals with Dyslexia are also highly creative and great at thinking outside the box.

It is important to remember that diagnosis of Dyslexia is just not the end of the academic road of an individual. Every Dyslexic individual sees and learns about the world from a different perspective. Historians feel it's possible that many major figures from the past had learning and thinking differences. However, it's hard to know for sure about people who lived 100 years ago or more as there aren't enough records. But here are some accomplished individuals who made a big impact on history, from centuries past to more recent times. They overcame challenges and may inspire our children to do the same.

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519). As an artist, inventor, scientist, engineer, and writer, Leonardo da Vinci had many talents. He also had interesting habits, like writing backward, spelling strangely, and not following through on projects. Today, we understand that these traits can all be characteristics of Dyslexia and other learning and thinking differences. Whether or not he had Dyslexia, Leonardo used his strengths to earn a place as one of history's greatest geniuses.

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922). Bell reinvented the field of communications by creating the first telephone. But years earlier, he struggled in school. Even though he was gifted at problem solving, it's thought that he had trouble reading and writing, possibly as a result of Dyslexia. He was eventually homeschooled by his mother. With her help, Bell learned to manage his challenges and he went on to change the world.

Thomas Edison (1847-1931). School didn't come easily for Edison, either. He was considered "difficult". Historians believe he may have had Dyslexia. But his appetite for knowledge was huge. He developed effective ways to study and learn on his own. As a result, Edison's unique way of tackling problems helped him make history. He shaped modern life by inventing the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and the light bulb.

Albert Einstein (1879-1955). Einstein was well known for his brilliance in math and physics but he also struggled with language difficulties, leading some people to suggest he may have had Dyslexia. He had extremely delayed speech and didn't speak fluently until he was 6 years old. Einstein also had problems getting his thoughts down, retrieving language and reading out loud, all characteristic signs of Dyslexia. Nobel laureate of 1921 in physics, his contributions in theoretical Physics demonstrated a unique and novel approach to problem solving which is one of the strengths associated with Dyslexia.

Pablo Picasso (1881-1973). According to many accounts, the world-famous artist may have had Dyslexia. He expressed feelings that many kids who learn and think differently have. "Don't think I didn't try (to learn at school)," he said. "I tried hard. I would start but immediately be lost." Fortunately, his father, an art teacher, encouraged him to develop his artistic talents. His unique vision of the world came through in his powerful works of art. The rest is art history.

Muhammad Ali (1942-2016). One of the greatest boxers of all time, Muhammad Ali struggled with Dyslexia. He has said he could barely read his high school textbooks. Nonetheless, he managed to graduate. He became an Olympic gold medallist at the age of 18 and he was world heavyweight boxing champion at 22. He is also remembered today for having strong principles. He refused to fight in the Vietnam War, even though this damaged his sports career.

Design Elements:- All the main inscriptions on the stamp have been done using red colour as red is accepted as the colour associated to Dyslexia awareness. The dreaded red, a colour many kids have seen throughout their education has been re-appropriated. The red pen used to highlight mistakes is all too familiar for Dyslexics around the world. Dyslexia Associations have chosen this colour to take back its meaning and globally promote Dyslexia awareness.

Ø Scrambled text reading "You may find this hard to read. Imagine if everything you read looked like this" and mirror imaged E in Dyslexia on the stamp stimulates the experience of reading with Dyslexia.

Ø PAKISTAN (in English) has been inscribed in the font created by Daniel Britton, a graphic designer who himself is a Dyslexic. His created typeface removes parts of the alphabets to illustrate the difficulties faced in reading by Dyslexics by breaking down the reading time of a non-dyslexic down to the speed of a Dyslexic by removing around 40% of each letter. This slows down the user's reading experience to the speed of a Dyslexic, thus recreating the frustration and embarrassment of everyday reading of a Dyslexic.

Ø Dyslexia symbol has been used on the labels and on the postmark for this issue. Formed with the letters pq bd, the symbol is inspired by Dyslexics and how they process information differently in ways that provide advantages in reasoning and understanding relationships.

Ø The unorthodox First Day Cover is crafted by Youshay, a diagnosed 12-year-old Dyslexic to raise awareness about the topic.

On the occasion of World Dyslexia Awareness Day on 8th October 2025, Pakistan Post is issuing a Commemorative Postage Stamp and a Souvenir Sheet valued at Rs. 30/- denomination each. It is pertinent to mention here that Pakistan Post is the first postal organization in the World to issue a stamp on Dyslexia Awareness Day.

Celebrating Pakistan’s Space Achievements 2024-2025. 16 September 2025 (2025-19)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Sat, 11 Jul 2026 19:01:17 +0500

1- Pakistan's National Space Program, spearheaded by the Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO), has been pivotal in advancing the country's scientific and technological capabilities. Established in 1961, SUPARCO has laid the foundation for Pakistan's ventures into space, focusing on satellite development, space research, and strengthening international collaborations. Over the decades, the program has achieved significant milestones, including the launch of various communication and remote sensing satellites, contributing to national security, disaster management, and socio-economic development. The program emphasizes building indigenous capacity, promoting education in space sciences, and integrating space technology into various sectors of the economy.

2- On 03 May 2024, Pakistan launched ICUBE-QAMAR for lunar research, followed by communication satellite PAKSAT-MM1 on 30 May 2024, and the indigenous Electro-Optical Satellite (EO-1) for Earth observation on 17 January 2025 from China. To commemorate these significant achievements in Pakistan's space program, a special series of three commemorative stamps is being issued.

3- ICUBE-Qamar Pakistan's first lunar cube satellite, was launched as part of China's Chang'E 6 mission. Designed and developed with academic collaboration and support from Pakistan's national space agency, its primary mission was to validate the satellite's operation in lunar orbit according to design parameters and to capture images of the lunar surface and the Sun, contributing valuable data for lunar research efforts. ICUBE-Qamar marked a significant milestone in Pakistan's educational and space exploration initiatives in collaboration with China.

4- PAKSAT-MM1 represents a leap forward in Pakistan's communications capabilities. This advanced geostationary satellite is designed to enhance telecommunications, broadcasting, and internet services across the region. By providing reliable and high-quality connectivity, PAKSAT-MM1 aims to support socio-economic development, bridging the digital divide and encouraging progress in remote and underserved areas.

5- Continuing this momentum, Pakistan launched its first Electro-Optical Satellite (EO-1). This cutting-edge remote sensing satellite is designed to capture imagery for applications in agriculture, urban planning, environmental monitoring, and disaster response.

6- These three satellite launches mark a transformative chapter in Pakistan's space program, showcasing the nation's evolving capabilities and commitment to leveraging space technology for socio-economic growth. By advancing lunar research, enhancing telecommunications, and improving Earth observation, these satellites will have a significant impact on scientific progress, connectivity, and sustainable development.

7- 7-On the occasion of Pakistan's recent achievements in space, Pakistan Post is issuing a series of three commemorative postage stamps, each with a denomination of Rs. 30/-, on 16 September 2025. These stamps honor the launches of ICUBE-Qamar, PAKSAT-MM1, and EO-1, celebrating historic milestones and recognizing Pakistan's progress in space exploration.

MARKA-E-HAQ. AUGUST 14, 2025 (2025-18)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Tue, 7 Jul 2026 23:22:57 +0500

Ø Pakistan's journey towards sovereignty has been marked by decades of resilience, sacrifice, and a collective will to shape its destiny. Since independence, the nation has faced recurring challenges, from geopolitical pressures to climate vulnerabilities, yet has remained steadfast in its pursuit of self-reliance. The Marka-e-Haq stamp symbolizes this historic struggle, representing the right of every Pakistani to live with dignity, to prosper through their potential, and to secure an economy that reflects the aspirations of its people.

Ø Building on this resolve, Pakistan's development programme reflects an ambitious agenda to transform the country into a regional economic hub. Strategic investments in infrastructure, energy, industrial zones, and digital connectivity drive an improved economic take-off, with national development indicators showing 96% progress across key sectors. Through flagship initiatives like Uraan Pakistan, export diversification, climate-resilient agriculture, and innovation-driven entrepreneurship, Pakistan is positioning itself not only as a growth engine for South Asia but also as a key player in shaping the future of global economy.

Ø The Government of Pakistan has consistently pursued policies to safeguard the economic rights of its citizens while advocating for fairness in the global financial and trading systems. Through initiatives focused on structural reforms, industrial revival, and agricultural modernization, Pakistan is working to reduce inequality and expand opportunities for all sections of society. As the nation moves towards Vision 2030, Marka-e-Haq serves as a national pledge that true independence is not merely about borders, but about creating an economy based on equity, productivity, and shared progress.

Ø The global economic landscape emphasizes the need to establish fair and inclusive development mechanisms. Pakistan urges the international community to support equitable trade systems, climate justice frameworks, and technology transfer agreements that help developing nations break free from dependency cycles. Marka-e-Haq thus serves as both a domestic appeal for change and an international call for a rules-based global economy that honours the sovereignty and hopes of all nations.

Ø Economic sovereignty is essential for Pakistan's long-term security and stability. Through flagship programmes like Uraan Pakistan, China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), energy diversification, and digital transformation, Pakistan is establishing a resilient economy that emphasises innovation, human capital development, and sustainable resource management. These initiatives aim to safeguard the economic rights of both current and future generations, ensuring progress remains inclusive and irreversible.

Ø The Government reaffirms its commitment to transparency, accountability, and good governance as essential pillars of economic justice. Empowering youth, women, and marginalized communities is seen not only as a moral obligation but also as a strategic necessity for unlocking national potential. Marka-e-Haq honours millions of hardworking Pakistanis-farmers, labourers, entrepreneurs, and professionals-whose contributions form the backbone of the country's economic progress.

Ø Pakistan further urges international financial institutions and development partners to align their policies with the principles of equity and shared prosperity. Development cooperation must move beyond aid paradigms towards partnerships that respect sovereignty and enable sustainable growth. This includes fair debt restructuring mechanisms, climate adaptation financing, and market access for developing countries.

Ø Marka-e-Haq honours the sacrifices of the past and the ambitions of the future. It embodies the spirit of a nation that refuses to be defined by its challenges, instead choosing to define itself through courage, reform, and innovation. As Pakistan stands at a pivotal moment in its history, this special postage stamp is not only a commemorative symbol but also a declaration: Pakistan will protect its economic rights, uphold the dignity of its people, and continue its march towards a self-sustaining, just, and prosperous future.

On the eve of Marka-e-haq Pakistan's Resolve For Sovereignty And Economic Development, Pakistan Post is issuing the Special Postage Stamp of denomination Rs. 30/-on August 14th, 2025.

75th ANNIVERSARY OF ESTABLISHMENT OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS BETWEEN PAKISTAN AND INDONESIA. AUGUST 14, 2025 (2025-17)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Sat, 4 Jul 2026 18:11:47 +0500

The year 2025 marks a momentous occasion in the history of the relationship of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and Republic of Indonesia, as both countries celebrate the 75th anniversary of their bilateral relations. To commemorate this milestone, commemorative postage stamps are being issued, featuring two iconic monuments: the Minar-e-Pakistan and the Monas (National Monument of Indonesia). This symbolic initiative not only highlights the deep-rooted friendship and mutual respect between the two nations but also underscores their shared values, cultural heritage, and aspirations for a harmonious future.

The Minar-e-Pakistan: A Symbol of Aspiration and Sovereignty:- The Minar-e-Pakistan, located in Lahore, Pakistan, stands as an enduring symbol of the country's journey to independence. Constructed between 1960 and 1968, this majestic tower marks the site where the Lahore Resolution was passed on March 23, 1940. This resolution laid the foundation for the creation of Pakistan, envisioning a separate homeland for the Muslims of the Indian subcontinent.

The architectural design of the Minar-e-Pakistan blends Islamic, Mughal, and modern influences, symbolizing the nation's cultural diversity and historical depth. Standing at 70 meters tall, the tower's base is shaped like a flower, representing growth and renewal, while the star and crescent at the top signify the ideals of Islam. For Pakistanis, the Minar-e-Pakistan is more than a monument; it is a beacon of hope, a reminder of the sacrifices made during the struggle for independence, and a testament to the resilience of the nation.

By featuring the Minar-e-Pakistan on the commemorative stamp, Pakistan highlights its rich history and its enduring commitment to sovereignty, unity, and progress. It is pertinent to mention that Minar e Pakistan, Lahore has been set within a motif which showcases Mughal miniature art signifying Pakistan's rich traditional history. The inclusion of this monument in the stamp design serves as a bridge connecting the past, present, and future of Pakistan's relationship with Indonesia.

The Monas: A Beacon of Freedom and National Pride:- The Monas, or Monumen Nasional, is an iconic landmark located in the heart of Jakarta, Indonesia. Constructed in the early 1960s under the leadership of President Sukarno, the Monas is a towering symbol of Indonesia's struggle for independence. Officially inaugurated in 1975, the 132-meter-tall monument represents the spirit of freedom and the unyielding determination of the Indonesian people.

Bordered within the stamp by traditional Indonesian motif, Monas' design is rich with symbolism. Its towering obelisk, capped with a gold-plated flame, represents the eternal fire of independence, while the base houses a museum that chronicles Indonesia's long fight for sovereignty. The surrounding park serves as a gathering place for citizens, embodying the unity and diversity that define the nation. For Indonesians, the Monas is more than a monument; it is a source of inspiration, a symbol of national pride, and a reminder of the sacrifices made to secure their freedom.

The Design Message of the Stamps:- The selection of these two monuments is especially significant. Both the Minar-e-Pakistan and the Monas symbolize independence, resilience, and hope. Their presence on the stamps design carries a powerful message: despite the geographical distance, Pakistan and Indonesia are united by a shared history of struggle and a shared commitment to shaping a brighter future.

The commemorative stamps, with its depiction of the Minar-e-Pakistan and the Monas, serves as a powerful reminder of the enduring bond between Pakistan and Indonesia. It is a celebration of their shared journey, a tribute to their resilience, and a symbol of their unwavering commitment to a better tomorrow. As this special stamp travels across the world, it will carry with it the story of two nations united by friendship, hope, and a shared vision for the future.

On the eve of 75th Anniversary of Establishment of Diplomatic Relations Between Pakistan and Indonesia, Pakistan Post is issuing a set of two Commemorative Postage Stamps of denomination Rs.30/-each on August 14th, 2025.

URAAN PAKISTAN, AUGUST 12, 2025 (2025-16A)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Thu, 2 Jul 2026 14:45:24 +0500

Pakistan's economy has experienced a tumultuous journey since its inception, shaped by wars, frequent regime changes, terrorism, disruption in democratic continuity, and political instability. Despite this, Pakistan sped up its economic growth from 3 percent to 4 percent in the early years and continued to increase it year on year, poised to become an Asian Tiger in the 1960s. However, the wars with India not only cost us billions of dollars but also diverted our resources from development. In the war against terror, Pakistan incurred losses amounting to $2.6 billion in 2001-02 while the numbers kept on soaring to $13.5 billion in 2009-10. The recently concluded violent protests and long marches not only caused indirect economic losses of Rs 192 billion per day but also multiplied divides and hate speech. Over decades, inconsistent policies have left Pakistan's economy vulnerable, with growth rates fluctuating dramatically-from a high of 6.8% in the 1960s to just -0.94% in 2019-20, following political unrest and the COVID-19 pandemic.

Our efforts to make Pakistan prosperous again began in 1997 with Vision 2010. However, the lack of policy continuity and political turbulence made it a long-lost goal. The desire to achieve sustainable socio-economic indicators was reinvigorated in 2013 with Vision 2025.

Amidst the war on terror, PMLN launched a National Action Plan to combat terrorism and stepped ahead to participate in CPEC in 2013 as a practical manifestation of the geo-economic narrative for reviving the war-torn economy. But once again the regime change regressed the efforts to square one.

Pakistan is at a critical juncture where the economic landscape is fraught with immense difficulties. Today, we are fighting with strained foreign relations, dwindling foreign exchange reserves, mounting debt, poor export performance, energy crisis, youth bulge, and social disparities besides political dissent. All-time high inflation has eroded the purchasing power. This is hindering economic development, exacerbating poverty, and weakening national security. The inflation rate in 2013 was7.5%, while we concluded our tenure in 2018 with an inflation rate of 4.8%. However, upon resuming office in 2022, we confronted a sharp increase in inflation from a single digit to 28.2%. We inherited a country on the brink of default in April 2022, facing widespread economic uncertainty. Our first step after resuming office was to address the economic challenges and explore the pathways for sustainable growth after revoking the prevalent trend of populist politics. The Turnaround Pakistan Summit in 2022 aimed at identifying these key challenges and formulating the 5Es Framework (Exports, E-Pakistan, Environment, Energy & Infrastructure, and Equity, Ethics & Empowerment) for inclusive and sustainable national prosperity. Recognizing the gravity of the situation, we have spent two years preparing the launch pad for Pakistan's take-off. As a last resort to uplift Pakistan's economy, we have launched URAAN Pakistan, by the people, of the people, for the people of Pakistan.

Today, Pakistan is at a decisive crossroads, facing two distinct paths either to maintain the current trajectory and reach $1 trillion by 2047 or adopt a transformational strategy achieving a $1 trillion economy by 2035 anda $3 trillion economy by 2047with a robust, transformative approach based on the 5Es framework, growing at a CAGR of 9.8%. The overarching goal of the National Economic Transformation Plan (2024-2035) is to make Pakistan a trillion-dollar economy by 2035.With resilience, potential, opportunities, and resources, Pakistan is now ready to speed up its wings and fly high to become the next Asian Tiger by shifting towards an export-led growth economy.

Being at an inflection point, this 13th Five-Year Plan 2024-2029 will serve as a lifeline for Pakistan's economy. It is a turning point for the nation's economic trajectory. The GDP growth is projected to rise to 6 percent by 2028-29, up from 2.5 percent in 2023-24. Meanwhile, the inflation rate is expected to decrease to 6.2 percent from 23.4 percent. The public debt is anticipated to drop by 60 percent by 2028-29, down from the current 67 percent. Additionally, food security is forecasted to improve, with its rate expected to decrease to 8 percent from 16 percent.

Uraan Pakistan is about doubling the national productivity of Pakistan with a transformation towards an export-led turnaround achieving $60 billion in yearly exports. The focus on export development strategies synchronized with industrial development will secure Pakistan's space in the global market boosting its national brand and international competitiveness. The upcoming GSP Scheme 2024-34 will facilitate the export of Pakistani goods to the European Union. Skilled and semi-skilled human resources will find employment opportunities in GCC countries through the Free Trade Agreement with the Gulf Cooperation Council.

Uraan Pakistan is a strategic roadmap to transform Pakistan into a techno-economy by increasing the ICT freelancing industry to USD 5 billion, driven by technological excellence and innovation. The Framework aligns with SDGs with a special focus on climate adaptation and mitigation measures ensuring food security and productivity by cultivating 20.3 million acres of land. The energy sector will undergo some sustainable reforms to empower the indigenous industries by increasing the share of renewable power to over 10%. The inclusivity of public-private partnerships and equitable development reducing economic disparities is at the heart of Uraan Pakistan. The government has enabled citizen's entry into the decision-making process through the Champions of Reforms (COR) network.

The 5Es Framework and 13th Five Year Plan mandate that Pakistan shares a common vision desiring political stability, governance frameworks, peace and security, policy and legislative reforms, and human capital development. The successful implementation of the 5Es Framework will depend on activating six key enablers: ensuring political stability, promoting peace and security, developing human capital, establishing governance frameworks, and establishing policy and legislative reforms.

Sustainable development is built on inclusivity. Let's unite to make our country bloom!

-On the eve of launch of Uraan Pakistan The homegrown Transformational Plan, Pakistan Post is issuing the Commemorative Postage Stamp of denomination Rs. 30/-on August 12th, 2025.

YOUM-E-ISTEHSAL KASHMIR. AUGUST 5th, 2025 (2025-16)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Sat, 27 Jun 2026 12:23:27 +0500

Kashmir have been resisting Indian state oppression ever since 1947. On 5th Aug 2019 Indian fascist regime unilaterally and illegally attempted to alter the internationally-recognized disputed status of Indian illegally Occupied Jammu & Kashmir (IIOJK) in sheer contravention of International Law and corresponding UNSC Resolutions. This illegal act was preceded by imposition of an unprecedented military siege and communication blockade that continues till date.

Government of Pakistan has constantly been sensitizing the international community through political, diplomatic and media outreach about ongoing Indian state terrorism in IIOJK. As 5th August 2025 is approaching, innocent Kashmiris are still under worst human rights violations. A special postage stamp is being issued to mark the unprecedented spate of arbitrary detentions, extrajudicial killing and other gross abuses of human rights in Indian illegally Occupied Jammu & Kashmir.

The situation of IIOJK is still tense, marked by the state security agencies high-handedness and political victimization. The Kashmiri masses have neither forgotten the pain of lockdown and humiliation nor accepted the Indian actions of 5th August, 2019. Indian has not only violated UN Resolutions, but it has also reneged on its own commitments.

Jammu & Kashmir is an internationally disputed territory; Pakistan strongly supports the right to self-determination of the people of Kashmir, and implementation of UN Resolution to resolve the Kashmir issue.

India should revisit its unilateral and illegal actions taken on 5th August 2019 in which the State of IIOJK was bifurcated into two Union Territories and the special status of IIOJK rights of the state's subjects were revoked.

UN fact-finding teams and international human rights NGOs should be allowed to visit IIOJK to assess the ground realities and the ongoing human right violations.

All political prisoners should be released and freedom should be extended for carrying out political activities with immediate effect.

India must stop human right violations including killing of youth and harassment of innocent Kashmiris masses through cordon and search operations.

The stamp depicts Pakistan's stance on Kashmir. Pakistan will continue its moral political and diplomatic support to the people of IIOJK.

The stamp design depicts the sufferings imposed upon the brave Kashmiri people of the IIOJK, and their unmatched spirit & aspirations of freedom from Indian occupation.

On the eve of Condemning Revocation of article 370/35 a on 5th August 2019 Indian Illegally Occupied Jammu and Kashmir (IIOJK), Pakistan Post is issuing the Special Postage Stamp of Rs.30/- denomination on August 5th, 2025.

USTAD ASLAM ROODA. MAY 16, 2025 (2025-15)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Wed, 24 Jun 2026 23:01:27 +0500

Ustad Aslam Rodda:- A Legendary Hockey Coach and Master Builder of Champions Ustad Aslam Roda left an indelible mark on Pakistani hockey, etching his name in the annals of the sport's history. His remarkable journey, dedicated to hockey from his youth until his last breath, transformed the lives of countless individuals and elevated Gojra to unprecedented heights.

In the history of sports, no other small town has produced as many players as Gojra, a testament to Roda's tireless efforts and dedication. Born on October 1, 1945, in Amritsar, Roda's family migrated to Pakistan and settled in Gojra.

Roda was himself a Pakistani international hockey player before becoming a renowned coach who brought about transformative change. His playing experience and expertise laid the foundation for his future success as a coach.

Roda's coaching legacy began with a passion to give back to his community. His contributions to hockey are unparalleled, producing over 100 international and national players.

Notable players include Tahir Zaman, Shahbaz Ahmed Jr., and Irfan Mehmood, all Pride of Performance Award winners, 1994 World Cup winners, and Olympic medalists.

Through hockey Roda transformed the lives of over 350 families living below the poverty line and empowering them to achieve economic stability and prosperity. Through his coaching, he provided opportunities for young players to secure scholarships, jobs, and international recognition.

A pioneer for women's hockey, Roda established and trained Gojra's first women's hockey team. It is still another example of his paving the way for female athletes in the region and producing several international players. This groundbreaking initiative not only promoted gender equality but also challenged societal norms.

Under his guidance, Gojra earned the prestigious title of "Olympic Hockey Village," recognizing its impressive hockey record, as noted by the BBC. This distinction not only honored Roda's achievements but also put Gojra on the global sports map.

Roda's coaching philosophy emphasized discipline, hard work, and teamwork. He instilled in his players a strong sense of national pride, responsibility, and sportsmanship. His training methods, though unconventional, yielded remarkable results, earning him respect and admiration from peers and players alike. Roda's legacy extends beyond his coaching accomplishments. He played a crucial role in promoting hockey infrastructure development in Gojra, advocating for better facilities and resources for young players.

Ustad Aslam Roda passed away on January 21, 2013, leaving behind a legacy of selfless service. His demise was mourned by the entire nation, with tributes pouring in from the hockey community and beyond.

Today, Roda's legacy lives on through the countless lives he touched and the hockey academy he founded. His story serves as a beacon of inspiration, reminding us that dedication, passion, and selflessness can transform communities and shape the future of sports.

The town of Gojra remains eternally grateful to Ustad Aslam Roda, who transformed its sports landscape and put Pakistan on the global hockey map. His legacy serves as a testament to the power of sports to unite, inspire, and uplift communities. He was a legend.

In recognition of the outstanding contributions of Ustad Aslam Roda to the development of hockey in Pakistan, both as a distinguished player and a dedicated coach, Pakistan Post is issuing a commemorative postage stamp of Rs. 50/- denomination on 16th May 2025. His efforts in nurturing talent and promoting the national sport have left a lasting legacy in the history of Pakistani hockey.

40 YEARS OF ISLAMABAD CHAMBER OF COMMERCE & INDUSTRY. MAY 15, 2025 (2025-14)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Tue, 23 Jun 2026 18:24:43 +0500

Mission Statement:- As the premier Chamber of Commerce and Industry in the Northern Region, with national and international linkages, ICCI aims to enhance its leadership role by being proactive and delivering quality services to its members. The Chamber acts as a catalyst for rapid economic development through the promotion of trade, industry, service sectors, youth entrepreneurship, and women's economic empowerment.

Vision Statement:- To establish ICCI as a leading trade organization and a national role model by initiating growth-oriented projects and adopting international best practices for the promotion of trade, industry, and service sectors.

Profile the Islamabad Chamber of Commerce and Industry (ICCI), established in 1984, operates under the Companies Act VII of 1913 as a Limited Company by Guarantee. Based in Islamabad, ICCI's jurisdiction covers the Federal Capital Area (urban and rural). It is affiliated with the Federation of Pakistan Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FPCCI) and is a member of international Chambers of Commerce.

ICCI's governance is overseen by an elected Executive Committee led by the President, supported by two Vice Presidents, with administrative matters managed by the Secretary General. Various sub-committees focus on trade promotion, industrial and SME development, taxation, energy efficiency, tourism, and economic empowerment. The Chamber serves over 10,000 members from industry and trade sectors, contributing significantly to the region's GDP. An inclusive structure includes a President, Senior Vice President, Vice President, 32 Executive Committee members, and numerous standing committees.

Forum for Interaction:- ICCI provides a platform for collaboration and dialogue among industry representatives, trade officials, and service providers.Key activities include:

· Regular interactions with foreign diplomats, senior government officials, and provincial representatives.

· Recommendations to the government on trade and investment policies.

· Highlighting business community issues through media and engaging government for policy reforms.

· Organizing B2B meetings, international trade delegations, and participation in global exhibitions.

· Consistent engagement with foreign missions to promote bilateral trade.

· Hosting training programs, seminars, conferences, and workshops for skill development.

· Promoting youth entrepreneurship and women's economic empowerment.

ICCI Achievements:- ICCI's accomplishments reflect its commitment to economic development:

· Organized significant events such as the All Pakistan Chambers Presidents Conference.

· Business Opportunities Conference in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

· International Business Conference in Dubai.

· Contributed to social responsibility initiatives, including water filtration plants and medical camps.

· Recognized with awards, such as the National Youth Award 2009, for contributions to entrepreneurship and women's excellence.

· Established strategic advisory councils integrating senior and junior members for effective policy-making.

· Developed modern facilities, including two landmark buildings on Srinagar Highway, symbolizing ICCI's prominence.

· Organizes two tourism conferences in Skrdu which were attended by a number of ambassadors and diplomats.

· It has two big majestic buildings on the prime Mauve Area in G8/1.

· It has state of the art auditorium with about 375 people capacity.

· Introduced Enterprise Resource System (ERP). Free ambulance system.

· FM radio of Islamabad Chamber

Representation and Services:- ICCI has representation on key government advisory boards, committees, and academic platforms, ensuring advocacy for trade, industry, and service sectors. Value-added service desks for members include:

1. RARE

2. Police Verification

3. Federal Ombudsman

4. IESCO

5. TDAP (Trade Development Authority of Pakistan)

6. Arbitration council

7. Upcoming desk for Pakistan Post Office

The Chamber also partners with restaurants, hospitals, and schools to provide affordable services to its members.

Future Aspirations ICCI aims to:

· Enhance its leadership role as a proactive trade organization.

· To make the Chamber the best support organization by introducing the modern governance.

· Advocate for favorable business environments through strategic policy recommendations.

· Foster economic growth by promoting trade, industry, and entrepreneurship.

· Support local businesses and strengthen international trade relationships through innovation and collaboration.

· To set up an Industrial Estate in Islamabad.

· To set up a TV channel.

ICCI remains committed to being a beacon of economic development, empowering businesses, and inspiring confidence in Pakistan's future prosperity.

On the Occasion of 40th Anniversary of Islamabad Chamber of Commerce & Industry, Pakistan Post is issuing a Commemorative Postage Stamps, of Rs. 40/-denomination on 15th May, 2025.

INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF GLACIERS' PRESERVATION. MAY 9th, 2025 (2025-13)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Sat, 20 Jun 2026 21:48:33 +0500

The United Nations General Assembly in its resolution A/RES/77/158dated 14 December 2022 declared 2025 as the International Year of Glaciers' Preservation. Purpose of this initiative is to raise awareness on the vital role glaciers, snow, and ice play in the climate system and water cycle, as well as the far-reaching impacts of rapid glacial melt. Aim is to highlight the urgent need to protect glaciers from the rapid melting caused by climate change, which impacts freshwater access to over 2 billion people worldwide. This commemoration aims to mobilize international action to address the challenges posed by glacier loss and promote sustainable practices to preserve them.

Around 70% of the global freshwater is stored in glaciers and ice sheets, however these ice formations are rapidly retreating due to climate disruption. Preserving these crucial resources is essential for environmental sustainability, economic stability and safeguarding cultures and livelihoods. Glaciers supply freshwater to over half of humanity. As they retreat, they are altering water availability and quality downstream, with implications for aquatic ecosystems and sectors including agriculture and hydropower. This is accompanied by a short-term in landslides, avalanches, floods and droughts, as well as a long-term threat to the security of water supplies for billions of people.

Outside the polar region, Pakistan is the country with the highest number of glaciers in the world. However, climate change has significantly contributed to the rapid melting of these glaciers. The melting of glaciers in Pakistan has several adverse effects on the country's economy, including water scarcity, reduced agricultural productivity, and increased natural disasters. According to a report by the World Bank, Pakistan is one of the most water-stressed countries in the world, and the rapid melting of glaciers is exacerbating this issue. It is estimated that Pakistan's water supply will fall below the minimum threshold of 1,000 cubic meters per person per year by 2025, leading to increased water scarcity and reduced agricultural productivity.

The melting of glaciers is also causing an increase in natural disasters such as floods, landslides and glacial lake outburst floods. In recent years, Pakistan has experienced several devastating floods, which have caused significant damage to economy, infrastructure and livelihoods. Glacial Lake Outburst Flood is another danger which refers to a sudden and catastrophic release of water from a glacial lake, typically caused by the collapse of a natural dam formed by ice or debris, or by a sudden rise in water levels due to melting glaciers. These floods can result in severe downstream flooding, often causing significant damage to infrastructure, agriculture, and human lives. Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) are a significant concern in Pakistan, particularly in its northern regions, where numerous glaciers exist in the mountain ranges of Hindu Kush, Karakoram, and Himalayas. Pakistan's vulnerability to glacial lake outburst floods is likely to increase as the effects of climate change worsen.

The reduced availability of freshwater due to glacier melting is also affecting Pakistan's hydropower generation, which accounts for approximately 29% of the country's electricity production. According to a report by the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, the melting of glaciers will lead to a significant reduction in hydropower generation in the country, which will have adverse effects on Pakistan's economy.

It is feared that two-thirds (68%) of World's Glaciers are set to disappear by 2100 under current global warming scenario. The melting of glaciers in Pakistan is not just a local problem but a global one that requires immediate action. Failure to address this issue will not only harm Pakistan's economy and water security but also have wider implications for the region and the world. There are over 7,000 glaciers in Pakistan and together these form the most amount of ice outside the polar regions. The glaciers shown on the stamps of this issue are as below:

1. Siachen Glacier. 76 km (47 mi) long, Siachen is the longest glacier in the Karakoram and second-longest in the world's non-polar areas at an altitude of 5,753 m (18,875 ft). "Sia" in the Balti language refers to the rose family plant widely dispersed in the region. "Chen" refers to any object found in abundance. Thus, the name Siachen refers to a land with an abundance of roses. The glacier's melting waters are the main source of the Shyok River. The Shyok in turn joins the 3000 kilometre-long Indus River which flows through the length of Pakistan. Thus, the glacier is a major source of the Indus and feeds the largest irrigation system in the world.

2. Biafo Glacier. Measuring 67 km (42 mi) in length, Biafo is the third-longest glacier in the world's non-polar areas at an altitude of 5,128 metres (16,824 ft). Snow Lake (shown on stamp), consisting of parts of the upper Biafo Glacier and its tributary glacier Sim Gang, is one of the world's largest basins of snow or ice in the world outside the polar regions, up to 1,600 m (0.99 mi) in depth. Evidence of wildlife can be seen on the glacier, including Ibex and Markhor. Although sightings are rare, the area is also known for Himalayan brown bears and snow leopards.

3. Baltoro Glacier. 63 km (39 mi) in length, Baltoro is the fifth-longest glacier in the world's non-polar areas. K2 (shown on stamp), the second-highest mountain in the world, stands at the southern end of the Baltoro Glacier, making the glacier an essential route for climbers attempting to summit K2. The confluence of the main Baltoro Glacier with the Godwin-Austen Glacier is known as Concordia; this location and K2 base camp are popular trekking. destinations.

Design Elements

Each stamp and souvenir sheet in the issue as well as the postmark showcases International Year of Glaciers' Preservation logo. The CMYK colour palette has also been illustrated using the logo.

Pakistan's first Tête-bêche pair: a stamp inverted in relation to the adjoining stamp in a pair.

To commemorate International Year of Glaciers' Preservation, Pakistan Post is issuing a set of six Commemorative Postage Stamps and three Souvenir Sheets of Rs 30/- denomination each on May 9th 2025.

50 Years of the Faisalabad Chamber of Commerce & Industry, April 4th, 2025. (2025-12)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Fri, 19 Jun 2026 22:56:08 +0500

The Faisalabad Chamber of Commerce and Industry (FCCI) is a prestigious and influential trade organization in Pakistan, dedicated to representing and promoting the interests of the business community in Faisalabad. Established in 1974, the FCCI has played a pivotal role in fostering economic development, supporting industrial growth, and facilitating trade in the region. Its commitment to enhancing business opportunities and advocating for the needs of its members has made it a cornerstone of Faisalabad's economic ecosystem. Historical Background and Establishment

Founded in 1974, the FCCI was created to serve as a unified voice for the business and industrial sectors of Faisalabad. At the time of its establishment, Faisalabad was emerging as a major industrial and textile hub in Pakistan. Recognizing the need for a platform that could address the challenges faced by local businesses and support their growth, the FCCI was formed to bridge the gap between the government and the private sector while fostering collaboration among stakeholders.

Mission and Objectives:- The primary mission of the FCCI is to support and promote economic development by creating an environment conducive to business growth. The chamber works towards fostering innovation, facilitating networking opportunities, and addressing the challenges faced by its members. Some of its key objectives include:

Advocating for pro-business policies and regulatory reforms.

Serving as a bridge between the government and the business community.

Providing a platform for collaboration and communication among local and international businesses.

Enhancing the global competitiveness of Faisalabad's industries, particularly textiles, agriculture, and manufacturing.

Membership and Representation:- The FCCI boasts a diverse membership base, representing a wide range of sectors, including textiles, chemicals, agriculture. engineering, IT, and services. With members ranging from small enterprises to large industrial conglomerates, the FCCI ensures that the interests of all business sizes and types are addressed.

Services and Activities:- The FCCI offers a variety of services to its members, including:

Policy Advocacy: Engaging with government authorities to ensure business-friendly policies and regulations. Trade Facilitation: Supporting export activities, issuing certificates of origin, and organizing trade delegations.

Capacity Building: Hosting seminars, workshops, and training sessions to enhance the skills and knowledge of its members.

Networking Opportunities: Organizing exhibitions, trade fairs, and networking events to connect local businesses with global markets.

Dispute Resolution: Providing arbitration and mediation services to resolve commercial disputes amicably.

Role in Economic Development:- Faisalabad is the industrial hub of Pakistan, contributing significantly to the country's GDP and exports. The FCCI plays a crucial role in maintaining this status by promoting industrial diversification, technological advancement, and sustainable development. Its advocacy for infrastructure improvement, energy solutions, and investment opportunities has been instrumental in attracting local and foreign investors to the region.

Global Presence:- The FCCI actively collaborates with international chambers of commerce, trade bodies, and diplomatic missions to enhance Faisalabad's global trade footprint. It also facilitates participation in international trade fairs and bilateral business forums, enabling its members to explore new markets and establish global partnerships.

Vision for the Future:- The FCCI envisions a vibrant and progressive business environment where innovation and entrepreneurship thrive. By focusing on digital transformation, environmental sustainability, and industrial modernization, the chamber aims to position Faisalabad as a competitive player in the global economy.

In short, the Faisalabad Chamber of Commerce and Industry serves as a vital institution for the economic and industrial development of Faisalabad, providing leadership, advocacy, and support to its diverse membership base. Its efforts continue to shape Faisalabad into a dynamic business hub, contributing significantly to Pakistan's economic prosperity.

On the occasion of 50 Years of The Faisalabad Chamber of Commerce & Industry Commemorative Postage Stamp of Rs. 30/- denomination is being issued by Pakistan Post on 04th April 2025.

Celebrating 130 yeats since the discovery of X-rays. March 23rd, 2025. (2025-11)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Thu, 18 Jun 2026 23:21:11 +0500

Pioneers in X-ray Technology Since 1896 As a company, our history dates back to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen 130 years ago in Würzburg. His discovery on No-vember 8th, 1895 heralded a new era in medi-cine that provided previously unknown insights into the human body. A short time later, Sie-mens & Halske and Reiniger, Gebbert & Schall (RGS) the two predecessor companies of Sie-mens Healthineers concentrated on the indus-trial production of X-ray tubes and apparatus, thus making a decisive contribution to the fur-ther development of the technology.

Today as a company, Siemens Healthineers is a leading medical technology company principally active in the areas of imaging, diagnostics, cancer care and minimally invasive therapies, augmented by digital technology and artificial intelligence, committed to improving access to healthcare for underserved communities world-wide and is striving to overcome the most threatening diseases.

X-ray Imaging -The Foundation of Modern Med-Tech Just three days after the discovery of the X-rays, Reiniger, Gebbert & Schall set about de-veloping the first X-ray tube which was later pur-chased by Röntgen. X-ray technology continues to be widely used in Siemens Healthineers' port-folio today: from computed tomography and mammography to classical radiography. In addi-tion, Siemens Healthineers offers innovative, image-based therapy concepts and minimally in-vasive procedures with its angiography systems and mobile surgery systems.

As a leading medical technology company, Sie-mens Healthineers is continuously developing its product and service portfolio, with Al-sup-ported applications and digital offerings that play an increasingly important role in the next generation of medical technology.

Driving Innovation in Pakistan's Healthcare Landscape Siemens Healthineers has been a driving force in advancing Pakistan's medical technology landscape, equipping healthcare facilities with over 500 active equipment installed base, with state-of-the-art med-tech equipment. Our ad-vanced solutions enable clinicians to detect dis-eases earlier, facilitate precise treatments, and ultimately improve patient care across the coun-try.

Beyond major hospitals and diagnostic cen-tres, Siemens Healthineers is also transforming healthcare access in remote and underserved areas. Through digital connectivity and high-quality diagnostic services, we are reaching communities that previously had limited health-care options. By expanding access, we are ensur-ing that everyone, everywhere, benefits from quality healthcare.

Globally, Siemens Healthineers invests €1.5 billion annually in research and development, driving advancements in medical imaging, inter-ventional radiology, and digital health solutions. Our portfolio of about 24,000 technical intel-lectual property rights, including more than 15,000 granted patents, underscores our relentless drive to redefine the future of diagnostics.

A Symbol of Progress and Medical Excellence This commemorative postage stamp is more than just a tribute to 130 years of X-ray tech-nology-it is a celebration of medical progress, scientific excellence, and the profound impact of innovation on human health.

As we mark this milestone, we reaffirm our commitment to pioneering breakthroughs that are improving lives, empowering medical pro-fessionals, and shaping the future of healthcare. Our journey does not end here. With continued investment in research, technology, and sustain-able solutions, Siemens Healthineers will remain at the forefront of diagnostic imaging-for everyone, everywhere, sustainably.

On the occasion of Celebrating 130 years, since the discovery of X-rays, a commemorative postage stamp of Rs 30/- denomination and Miniature sheet of Rs/100- have been issued by Pakistan Post on 23rd March 2025.

CELEBRATING 25 YEARS OF NADRA COMMEMORATIVE POSTAGE STAMP MARCH 10, 2025 (2025-10)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Wed, 17 Jun 2026 22:20:37 +0500

National Database and Registration Authority (NADRA) was established as National Database Organization (NDO), an attached department under the Ministry of Interior, Government of Pakistan in 1998. NADRA Ordinance was promulgated in Pakistan on March 10, 2000. NDO & Directorate General of Registration (DGR) merged to form NADRA on 10 March, 2000; an independent corporate body with requisite autonomy to operate Independently and facilitate good governance. The primary purpose of the NADRA Ordinance was to establish a centralized and efficient system for the registration and management of citizens' data. This Initiative aimed to replace the outdated manual registration process with a computerized system, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of personal identification records.

NADRA was tasked with maintaining a comprehensive database of Pakistani citizens, issuing secure national identity cards, and ensuring the integrity of the electoral rolls, among other responsibilities. The ordinance played a crucial role in modernizing the country's civil registration and identification systems, contributing to improved governance and public service delivery.

NADRA set out on the journey of Civil Registration of all Pakistani's and in a short span of time indigenously created a state-of-the-art centralized Data Warehouse hosting multi biometric central database, Network Infrastructure and Interactive Data Acquisition Systems to issue secure National Identity Cards (NIC). With the introduction of this new fool proof, comprehensive and highly sophisticated computerized system; NADRA has been successful in mitigating risk of identity theft.

NADRA revolutionized Pakistan's registration system by embarking on a journey toward digital transformation. This transition began with the Introduction of biometric technology and the Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS) in 2008, significantly enhancing the accuracy and security of identity verification. In 2015, NADRA further modernized the process by incorporating online registration, making it more accessible and efficient for the public. This shift from manual to digital acquisition has streamlined registration processes across the country, bringing Pakistan's system in line with global standards.

NADRA has developed Into a leading Government Organization that enables manifestation of vision of Digital Pakistan and excels in biometric technology besides its expertise in software, web services and system development. Till date, NADRA has successfully registered 98% of the adult population of Pakistan.

NADRA undertakes numerous citizen-centric projects to assist the Government in various critical areas, including the facilitation of services for first Digital Census, Election Commission of Pakistan, e-governance: by utilizing digital technologies for improving delivery of public facilitation services and enhancing citizen engagement, Border management: while encapsulating a multifaceted approach, involving strategies, policies, and advanced technologies, all geared toward enabling safe interactions while safeguarding national security & social sector.

NADRA's Social Protection Programs play a pivotal role as architect of change. Each program it conceptualizes, designs and implements is a brush stroke on the canvas of progress. The dedication of NADRA Staff shapes policies that alleviate poverty, empower women, enhance healthcare access, promote legal migration, support fiscal and calamity shocks, and provide education to the under served with an emphasis on inclusive development and social cohesion. Every milestone achieved is a testament to the commitment to shaping a brighter future for the fellow citizens.

By integrating advanced technological solutions, NADRA supports the Government's efforts to create a more efficient and secure administrative framework. This collaboration not only improves service delivery but also strengthens the overall governance of the country. These projects are designed to streamline and enhance the delivery of public services.

NADRA has further gained International recognition for Its success in providing solutions for identification, e-governance and secure documents that deliver multi-pronged goals of mitigating identity theft; safe-guarding the Interests of its clients and facilitating the public. NADRA extended the strategic International outreach in the year 2006. The first international project was Bangladesh Driving License which concluded successfully, resulting in opening of multiple International opportunities for NADRA. During the course of time, NADRA has provided its expert services to different countries on diverse projects, including;

Civil Registration System, Sudan 2008.

National Identity Management Commission,

Nigeria 2009.

E-Passport System, Kenya 2015.

Election Management System, Fiji 2016.

Readmission Case Management System 2017.

Somalia National Identification System 2018.

United Kingdom Pakistan Readmission Agreement 2022.

Readmission Case Management System Turkey 2023.

On the occasion of Silver Jubilee of NADRA and in recognition of it's Excellence in Public service delivery, Pakistan Post is issuing a commemorative postage stamp of Rs. 25/-denomination on 10th March, 2025.

INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S DAY – 2025, MARCH 8th, 2025 (2025-09)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Tue, 16 Jun 2026 23:59:43 +0500

International Women's Day, celebrated on March 8 each year, holds great significance in honoring the achievements, contributions, and advancements of women throughout history and around the world. In Pakistan, International Women's Day holds particular significance as it highlights both the progress women have made and the ongoing challenges faced by women in our society. The day serves as a platform for raising awareness and promoting actions that can improve the status of women in various areas of life. Women's Day is a time to emphasize the importance of women' empowerrnent in every sphere of life. Whether it is through education, financial independence, or leadership opportunities, empowering women is seen as essential for the development of the country. International Women's Day in Pakistan serves not only as a celebration of women's achievements but also as a call to action to advance progress towards a more equal and just society for women.

Despite many challenges, women in Pakistan have made significant strides in fields like education, business, politics, and the arts. International Women's Day provides an opportunity to celebrate these achievements and inspire others to break barriers and pursue their dreams. In this regard, following is a brief description of women featuring on the stamps of this issue:

1. Fatima Jinnah. Fatima Jinnah (1893-1967), often referred to as "Madar-e-Millat" (Mother of the Nation), is one of the most iconic and influential figures in Pakistan's history. Her legacy is deeply intertwined with the creation of Pakistan and the empowerment of women in the country. Fatima Jinnah was also one of Pakistan's first women to obtain a dentistry degree. Her commitment to health and welfare led her to establish clinics to serve the underserved areas, particularly focusing on women's health. She was a pioneer in breaking professional barriers for women in a male-dominated society. Her contributions have left a deep impact on the political, social, and cultural spheres of Pakistan and her legacy continues to inspire new generations of women to work towards equality and progress.

2. Anna Molka Ahmed. Anna Molka Ahmed (1911-1994) was a pioneering figure in the field of art education and painting in Pakistan. As one of the country's first prominent female artists and educators, her legacy is rich in both the artistic contributions she made and the impact she had on the development of art institutions in Pakistan. Anna Molka Ahmed is often credited with shaping the art education system in Pakistan. She was instrumental in establishing the Department of Fine Arts at Punjab University in Lahore in 1940, where she taught for much of her life. She also played a major role in the establishment of the National College of Arts (NCA) in Lahore, one of Pakistan's premier institutions for fine arts education. Through her work as an educator, she mentored countless students, many of whom went on to become influential artists and educators themselves. Anna Molka Ahmed was a trailblazer for women in art in Pakistan. At a time when the art world was male-dominated, she not only excelled as an artist but also became a key figure in advocating for women's involvement in the arts.

3. Bilquis Edhi. Bilquis Edhi (1947-2022) is known for her selfless work in humanitarian services and formation of Edhi foundation with her husband Abdul Sattar Edhi. Her legacy is rooted in the phenomenal impact she had on healthcare, social welfare, and the empowerment of women in Pakistan. She not only worked tirelessly in the field of social welfare but also helped break societal barriers by showing that women could take leadership roles in social services. She was an advocate for women's education, health, and rights and believed in equality for both women and men in the realm of humanitarian work.

4. Marium Mukhtiar. Flying Officer Marium Mukhtiar (1992-2015) was a Pakistani Air Force pilot who left a significant mark in Pakistan's aviation history as the country's first female combat pilot to die in the line of duty. As a female fighter pilot in the Pakistan Air Force (PAF), she defied traditional gender roles in a field dominated by men. Flying Officer Marium Mukhtiar's achievement was particularly remarkable in a country where military careers, especially in combat roles, have historically been male-dominated. Her legacy is one of bravery, determination, and inspiration, and she remains an icon for aspiring women in aviation, the military, and beyond. The Government of Pakistan posthumously honoured Marium Mukhtiar with Tamgha-e-Basalat on 23rd March 2016.

5. Vignette. The fifth stamp is a tribute to the folk women of Pakistan who have played a profound role in shaping the country's cultural heritage and societal values. Their contributions to art, music, and handicrafts are immense and invaluable. The intricate embroidery and handicrafts created by women from rural areas of Sindh, Punjab, Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa are not only beautiful but also tell stories of their traditions and customs. This vignette pays homage to women of Pakistan, may it be a Heer, Sassi, Hani or Durkhane.

Design Elements:- All the main inscriptions on the stamp have been done using purple colour. Purple is the official colour of International Women's Day because it symbolizes justice, dignity, strength, and loyalty. It's also been used as a symbol of feminism and women's rights since the beginning of the movement.

Each stamp in the issues showcases International Women's Day logo and is inscribed with the theme of International Women's Day 2025 "Accelerate Action". According to the World Economic Forum, it is estimated that at the current rate of progress, it will take until 2158 to achieve full gender parity at global level.

The stamps are bordered within purple, green and white flowers. These colours are associated with International Women's Day Movement.

FDC shares the image made public by UPU for #She Stamps campaign in 2024. Aim was to celebrate women who made landmark contributions in history, with 19 UPU members countries sharing 66 memorable stamp issues.

On the occasion of International Women's Day, a set of 5 Commemorative Postage Stamps of Rs. 30/- each denomination and Souvenir Sheet (Value of Rs. 30/-) are being issued by Pakistan Post on 08th March 2025.

100 YEARS OF EXCELLENCE MILITARY COLLEGE JHELUM COMMEMORATIVE POSTAGE STAMP MARCH 03, 2025 (2025-8)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Mon, 15 Jun 2026 23:02:57 +0500

Military College Jhelum is one of the oldest academic institutions administered under the patronage of the Pakistan Army. Founded on the 3rd of March 1922 by the Prince of Wales and named King George Royal Indian Military School, it started functioning in September 1925. Later in 1943, it was upgraded to the status of college and assigned the onerous mission of training potential officers for the British Indian Army. With the creation of Pakistan in 1947, the college assumed its distinctive role as the only feeder institution for Pakistan Military Academy. To date, the institution continues to successfully discharge its onerous responsibility of preparing youth for subsequently taking up future leadership roles in the Pakistan Army.

MCJ follows a rigorous academic and military training program. The college provides education from 8th to 12th grade, focusing on both academic excellence and character development. The curriculum includes subjects such as mathematics, science, languages, social sciences and physical education. In addition to academics, MCJ places great emphasis on military training and discipline. Cadets undergo various drills, physical fitness activities and leadership training programs. The college campus is equipped with modern facilities, including classrooms, laboratories, libraries and sports grounds. The cadets live in a structured and disciplined environment, fostering camaraderie and sense of responsibility.

The College has crossed many important landmarks of its history. It celebrated its Silver Jubilee on November 27, 1950; its Golden Jubilee in November 1975; its Diamond Jubilee in November 1986, its Platinum Jubilee on September 15, 1999, and the Centenary of its Foundation Stone Laying on 3 March 2022. The College has served the nation with a spirit of commitment. Its alumni have contributed to the national cause with unwavering devotion. The College Roll of Honour radiates with the names of martyrs, heroes, and senior officers in all echelons of civil and military establishments.

The College has served the nation with a spirit of unwavering commitment, its alumni contributing to the national cause with a steady devotion. Alma mater to many a great soul, the College Roll of Honour is resplendent with the names of myriad martyrs, heroes and leaders of men in all walks of life, particularly the armed forces. Alamgirians have offered their homage to the Nation with 46 lives. Through the college portals have walked 1 Nishan-i-Haider (Maj Muhammad Akram Shaheed, NH), 47 Sitara-i-Jurrat, 3 Tamgha-i-Jurrat, 15 ImtiaziSanad, 4 Victoria Cross and 42 Swords of Honour. The distinguished Alamgirian alumni have made the college proud with more than 100 General Officers including Ex-Chairman Joint Chief of Staff Committee Gen (R) Muhammad Iqbal Khan (late), Ex-Air Chief Marshal (R) Zulfiqar Ali Khan, Ex-Chief of Naval Staff Admiral (R) Abdul Aziz Mirza, Ex- Chief of Naval Staff Admiral (R) Mehmood Ali Dogar, Ex-Vice Chief of Army Staff Gen (R) Muhammad Yousaf Khan, Ex- Chief of Army Staff, Gen (R) Ashfaq Parvez Kiyani, NI (M) and more than 300 Brigadiers.

Apart from numerous high ranking military officials, alumni of Military College Jhelum are upholding the name of the college in various civil institutions as well. A few civil dignitaries include, Maj (R) Qamar Zaman Choudhary Ex-Chairman NAB, Waheed Ahmad Chief Engineer SNGPL, Dr. Asif Hussain Professor at NUST, Ghulam Mushtaq DG CDA, Khalid Mehmood Choudhary GM PTCL, Muhammad Nisar Hayat Acting High Commissioner of Pakistan in Maldives, Omer Riaz Regional Director Benazir Income Support Program, Usman Haider Dogar Vice President UN Mission, Farid Nawaz Ex IG Police, Sultan Hanif DIG Rawalpindi, Fakhar Sultan Regional Police Officer Rawalpindi, Naveed Hassan Director FBR Islamabad and many more.

The faculty of military College Jhelum is highly qualified and eruditely experienced who provide guidance and mentorship to the cadets. The institution maintains a strong commitment to the overall development of its students, preparing them for the challenges of both academic and military life. Moreover, the Military College Jhelum is a renowned military institution that provides a comprehensive education and rigorous military training to young cadets. Through its focus on academic excellence, character development and discipline, it prepares students for leadership roles in the military and instills in them a sense of patriotism and service to the nation.

On the occasion of the completion of 100 Years of operations of Military College Jhelum, a commemorative postage stamp of Rs. 100/-denomination is being issued by Pakistan Post on 03rd March, 2025.

60 YEARS OF DIRECT FLIGHTS CONNECTING PAKISTAN AND CHINA February 20, 2025 (2025-7)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Sun, 14 Jun 2026 17:49:52 +0500

In the realm of international aviation, Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) has carved a remarkable legacy by connecting nations and fostering diplomatic ties. One such milestone in its illustrious journey is the celebration of 60 years of direct flights between Pakistan and China. This longstanding connection between the two nations goes beyond mere transportation; it symbolizes a bridge that spans cultural, economic, and diplomatic landscapes.

Direct flights between Pakistan and China have played a pivotal role in cultivating cultural ties that have withstood the test of time. The flights serve as a conduit for the exchange of traditions, values, and heritage. The seamless travel experience has allowed people from both nations to explore each other's rich cultural tapestry, creating a deep appreciation for the similarities and differences that exist between them.

The flight route serves major cities in both countries, facilitating not only business and trade but also tourism and people-to-people connections. Passengers on these flights often find themselves immersed in a cultural odyssey, sharing stories, experiences, and forging friendships that transcend borders.

The six-decade celebration of direct flights between Pakistan and China is a testament to the enduring partnership between the two nations. PIA, as a pioneering force in this journey, has witnessed and contributed to the evolution of this vital air corridor. The celebrated occasion marks not just the passage of time but the resilience and adaptability of a connection that has weathered political and economic shifts.

In the early days of direct flights, the aviation industry was vastly different from what it is today. PIA's commitment to maintaining and improving this vital link has been instrumental in sustaining and enhancing diplomatic relations between Pakistan and China. The 60-year milestone is an opportunity to reflect on the historical significance of this air route and the positive impact it has had on both nations.

Beyond cultural exchanges, the direct flights between Pakistan and China have catalyzed substantial economic benefits for both countries. The flights serve as a conduit for trade and commerce, facilitating the movement of goods and services with unparalleled efficiency through PIA Cargo. This connectivity has played a pivotal role in strengthening economic ties, boosting bilateral trade, and fostering collaborative ventures.

With China being one of Pakistan's most significant trading partners, the direct flights have streamlined the exchange of goods, enabling faster and more secure air transportation. This has not only benefited established industries but has also provided a boost to emerging sectors, contributing to job creation and economic growth.

Moreover, the direct flights have played a crucial role in attracting investments from both sides. The ease of travel has encouraged business leaders and entrepreneurs to explore opportunities in each other's markets. The regular and reliable air connectivity reduces the barriers to entry, fostering a conducive environment for cross-border investments and joint ventures.

Tourism has also flourished with the help of these direct flights. Both countries boast diverse landscapes, historical landmarks, and cultural treasures that appeal to travelers. The seamless air connectivity has made it easier for tourists to explore the beauty and uniqueness of each destination, thereby contributing to the growth of the tourism industry on both fronts.

The sustained operation of direct flights for six decades underscores the diplomatic significance of the relationship between Pakistan and China. In an era where international relations are complex and dynamic, the enduring air link between the two nations symbolizes a commitment to collaboration and mutual understanding.

The flights have served as a diplomatic tool, fostering dialogue and cooperation between governments. Regular interactions facilitated by direct flights have contributed to the resolution of challenges and the forging of alliances on regional and global issues. The diplomatic dividends of this air connection extend beyond bilateral relations, creating a foundation for stability and collaboration in the broader context of international affairs.

As PIA and the people of Pakistan and China celebrate 60 years of direct flights, there is a sense of optimism about the future. The aviation industry continues to evolve, presenting new opportunities and challenges. Embracing technological advancements, sustainable practices, and innovative strategies will be crucial in ensuring the longevity and relevance of this historic air corridor.

Additionally, both nations can explore avenues to further enhance cooperation in emerging sectors, such as technology, healthcare, and renewable energy. The direct flights, serving as a conduit for people and ideas, can play a pivotal role in shaping the future trajectory of collaboration between Pakistan and China.

PIA's direct flights between Pakistan and China stand as a testament to the enduring power of connectivity in fostering cultural understanding, economic growth, and diplomatic collaboration. As the two nations celebrate 60 years of this historic link, it is a moment to reflect on the journey so far and envision a future where the skies continue to be the gateway to a strengthened, mutually beneficial relationship. In an ever-changing world, the unwavering connection between Pakistan and China through direct flights remains a symbol of resilience, friendship, and the shared pursuit of a brighter future.

On the occasion of 60 Years of Direct Flights Connecting Pakistan and China, a Commemorative Postage Stamp of Rs. 30/- denomination and Souvenir Sheet (Value of Rs. 90/-) are being issued by Pakistan Post on 20th February 2025.

KASHMIR SOLIDARITY DAY COMMEMORATIVE POSTAGE STAMP FEBRUARY 05, 2025 (2025-06)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Sun, 14 Jun 2026 17:43:30 +0500

Kashmir Solidarity Day, observed annually on February 5th, is a significant occasion that reflects Pakistan's steadfast support for the people of Jammu and Kashmir in their struggle for self-determination. This day symbolizes unity with the Kashmiri population, highlighting their decades-long plight under disputed governance and emphasizing the right to self-determination as enshrined in United Nations Security Council (UNSC) resolutions.

The observance of Kashmir Solidarity Day was officially initiated in 1990. It was spearheaded by Pakistan's political and religious leadership, particularly following the eruption of mass protests in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir during the late 1980s. The growing unrest and reports of human rights violations against the Kashmiri population intensified calls for global awareness and solidarity.

On February 5, 1990, various political leaders, proposed observing the day to show unity with the Kashmiri people. This proposal received strong governmental support, and the day was declared a national public holiday in Pakistan. Since then, it has been commemorated annually with events aimed at raising awareness and advocating for a peaceful resolution to the Kashmir dispute.

Kashmir Solidarity Day is not confined to Pakistan but extends to the global stage. Protests and awareness campaigns are organized by diaspora communities in countries like the United States, United Kingdom, and across the Middle East. International human rights organizations are also urged to take notice of the Kashmiri struggle during this time.

For over three decades, February 5th has been a day of remembrance, solidarity, and advocacy. While it underscores Pakistan's commitment to the Kashmir cause, it also serves as a reminder of the resilience of the Kashmiri people and their quest for a peaceful and just resolution. Through initiatives like commemorative postage stamps, Pakistan continues to amplify the voice of Kashmir on the global stage, striving to keep the hope for

WOMEN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE & INDUSTRY SIALKOT COMMEMORATIVE POSTAGE STAMP JANUARY 27, 2025 (2025-05)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Sat, 13 Jun 2026 00:09:55 +0500

The Women Chamber of Commerce & Industry Sialkot (WCCIS), established in 2021 to foster the economic empowerment of women in Sialkot, one of Pakistan's premier industrial cities. WCCIS represents approximately 550 women, including 160 direct WCCIS members and 390 associates through the Sialkot Chamber of Commerce & Industry (SCCI), forming a network of Micro, SMEs, and SMEs engaged in manufacturing and export sectors.

The Women Chamber's mission is to champion the interests of women entrepreneurs and promote their role in economic growth, focusing on equitable opportunities in both local and international markets. Recognizing the need for inclusive development, WCCIS advocates for policies and initiatives that facilitate access to resources, training, and professional development for women, supporting their businesses in becoming competitive players on the global stage. Through these efforts, WCCIS envisions a future where women-led enterprises thrive as vital contributors to sustainable economic growth.

Since its inception, WCCIS has actively advanced the interests of its members through a variety of initiatives. Key advocacy efforts include promoting gender-responsive public procurement policies to enhance access to government contracts, campaigning for fiscal advantages, and supporting policies for safe and harassment-free workplaces. Moreover, WCCIS is dedicated to fostering women's health and well-being, providing regular awareness sessions on topics such as cancer prevention and heart health. These efforts are geared towards creating a secure and inclusive environment where women can pursue professional success without compromising on safety or wellness.

The Women Chamber offers a comprehensive array of programs that support capacity building, training, and market access for women entrepreneurs. In collaboration with international organizations, WCCIS has organized skill-development workshops, including sessions on digital marketing, branding, and video editing, as well as sustainable initiatives like tree plantation and kitchen gardening workshops. These programs are designed to help members refine their skills, expand their knowledge, and build confidence to compete in diverse markets. Furthermore, to bridge the gap between business and academia, WCCIS has facilitated knowledge exchange with institutions such as the University of Sialkot (USKT) and the University of Management and Technology (UMT), strengthening industry-academia ties.

One of WCCIS's flagship accomplishments is the WE-Exhibit, Sialkot's first dedicated exhibition for women entrepreneurs, which was launched in 2023. This event quickly garnered support from prominent global organizations, including the International Trade Centre (ITC), and attracted a UK Inward Trade Mission in 2024, resulting in business deals valued at over £2 million within six months. The success of the WE-Exhibit exemplifies WCCIS's commitment to providing international exposure for its members. In 2025, WCCIS anticipates hosting an even larger delegation from the UK and extending an invitation to a U.S. business delegation. In addition to these programs, WCCIS has embarked on a multi-phase research project to analyze women's workforce participation in Sialkot, aiming to identify the key factors influencing women's economic engagement. This research will inform future strategies and policies to support women's contributions across various industries. As part of its future plans, WCCIS is developing initiatives such as a child care center to assist businesswomen with young children, affordable transport options to facilitate safe commuting for working women, and sector-specific training centers to enhance skills relevant to Sialkot's primary industries, including textiles, sports goods, and surgical instruments.

In pursuit of our mission, WCCIS values partnerships with international organizations and stakeholders to broaden the scope and impact of its services. Our ongoing collaboration with ITC and JICA underscores our commitment to global cooperation, with plans for initiatives such as Japanese language courses, industry-specific research and development, and support for market entry through trade exhibitions. With the proposed establishment of a business incubation center, WCCIS will further provide women entrepreneurs with mentorship, resources, and skill development, fostering an ecosystem conducive to innovation and success.

The Women Chamber of Commerce & Industry Sialkot is dedicated to creating pathways for women's economic inclusion, equipping them with the tools to succeed in dynamic markets. By empowering women to lead and grow successful businesses, WCCIS believes we are building not only stronger businesses but stronger communities and a more equitable economy. We welcome opportunities to collaborate with partners who share our vision for a prosperous future led by empowered women.

INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIONS:

• International Trade Centre (ITC) - International Trade Centre

•FCDO - Foreign, Commonwealth, and Development Office (UK)

• UK Govt. - United Kingdom Government

• GIZ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (German Society for International Cooperation)

• JICA-Japan International Cooperation Agency

• USAID United States Agency for International Development UN Women United Nations Entity for Gender

• Equality and the Empowerment of Women

•NAPP Fair trade National Association for the Promotion of Fair Trade (NAPP)

In recognition of the great work being done by the Women Chamber of Commerce & Industry Sialkot, a commemorative postage stamp of Rs. 50/- denomination is being issued by Pakistan Post on 27th January, 2025.

INAUGURATION OF GWADAR INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, JANUARY 20, 2025 (2025-4)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Fri, 12 Jun 2026 15:25:09 +0500

Gwadar International Airport was conceived in 2014 as an early harvest, high priority project of the 56 billion USD CPEC (China Pakistan Economic Corridor) which is part of China's BRI (Belt and Road Initiative). It was approved by ECNEC (Executive Committee of National Economic Council) in January 2015. The project was funded through a Chinese grant and the agreement was signed in May 2017. Soil testing on the project site was started in January 2018 and involved drilling of 300 boreholes at various locations. The groundbreaking ceremony was held in March 2019, with construction completed in August 2024. The airport is part of an overall infrastructure development of Baluchistan.

The airport is expected to stimulate the development in Gwadar peninsula and boost trade between Pakistan and China. It is the second green field airport of the country after Islamabad International Airport with all modern facilities for safe operations. The airport is located 26 km east of Gwadar in the Gurandani area, just off the Makran Coastal Highway. The Airport is capable of handling narrow body aircraft such as ATR, Airbus A320 and Boeing B737, as well as wide body aircraft such as Airbus A380 and Boeing B747. The airport presently has a single runway with provision for future second runway at a distance of 760 meter to the north. The present runway 25/07 has a length of 3,658 meter and width of 75 meter including paved shoulders, while the link taxiway is 23 meter wide with 10.5 meter paved shoulders on both sides. The terminal building has a floor area of 14,000m2 and features modern facilities for passenger comfort and convenience. The cargo terminal has an initial handling capacity of 30,000 tons per year. A modern ATC (Air Traffic Control) complex, FCR (Fire, Crash and Rescue) building, Fuel farm and other associated buildings are part of this airport. Gwadar airport is the biggest airport of Pakistan by land area and is built across 4,300 acres. In comparison, the land area of Karachi airport is 3,700 acres, Islamabad airport 3,600 acres and Lahore airport 2,800 acres. The airport will be operated as a joint venture between Pakistan, China and Oman and will be operated under open sky policy. The airport will not only benefit the country but will also provide the landlocked countries of central Asia access to international markets through a combination of air, sea and land routes. The airport is testament to China Pakistan friendship that is "higher than Himalayas, deeper than ocean, sweeter than honey and stronger than steel.

On the occasion of Inauguration of Gwadar International Airport, a Commemorative Postage Stamp of Rs. 30/- denomination and Souvenir Sheet (Value of Rs. 100/-) are being issued by Pakistan Post on 20th January, 2025.

ABDUR RAHΜΑΝ CHUGHTAΙ (1894 - 1975) 50th DEATH ANNIVERSARY, JANUARY 17th, 2025 (2025-3)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Tue, 9 Jun 2026 14:45:30 +0500

Abdur Rahman Chughtai (21 September 1894-17 January 1975) was a painter, artist, and an intellectual from Pakistan, who created his own unique, distinctive painting style influenced by a variety of sources that included traditional miniature, Mughal, Art Nouveau, Orientalist, and Islamic styles of painting. Chughtai's best-known paintings are his portraits, featuring their subjects existing in a flattened pictorial space painted in rich golds and pastels, and populated by metaphorical signifiers. Chughtai was lauded as one of the most important Muslim artists of the early 20th century and is considered to be the first significant modern artist from Pakistan and the national artist of Pakistan. Apart from paintings, Chughtai has the unique honour to be the designer of the official logos of Radio Pakistan and Pakistan Television and also one of the values of first Pakistan stamp set issued on 9 July 1948 to commemorate Pakistan's first independence anniversary. On Pakistan's Independence Day in 1951, he produced a set of 9 stamps, better known as 'Chughtai Art set'. At that time, this set was considered as the most beautiful stamps of the world. He went on to achieve widespread attention and honour for his work and was given the title of Khan Bahadur in 1934, awarded Hilal-i-Imtiaz (Crescent of Excellence) in 1960, and the Presidential medal for Pride of Performance in 1968.

In the 1920s, Chughtai created large watercolours in a modified Bengal-school style. By the 1940s his painting style was influenced by Mughal architecture, Islamic calligraphy, miniature painting and Art Nouveau. His diverse subject matter by now included heroes and heroines from Islamic history, Mughal kings and queens, and episodes from Punjabi, Persian, and Indo- Islamic legends and folktales. Throughout his six-decade career, Chughtai produced over 2000 watercolour paintings, countless pencil sketches, and nearly 300 etchings and aquatints. His work, characterized by its delicate yet powerful use of line and colour, reflected his deep connection to his heritage while also introducing modern elements. As a versatile artist, he also designed stamps, coins, insignia, and book covers. Some of his famous books include Muraqqai-i-Chughtai (1928), Naqsh-i- Chughtai (1935) and Amal-i-Chughtai (1960). The Muraqqai- Chughtai which is chiefly an illustrated version of Mirza Asadullah Khan Ghalib's Diwan-e-Ghalib, in which side by side with some selected couplets, Chughtai produced their artistic renditions in the form of watercolour illustrations. With a foreword by Sir Muhammad Allama Iqbal, it is regarded as the most significant work of Chughtai's career and in its time, was considered the finest achievement in book production in the country.

Chughtai's works are displayed at President House Islamabad, Governors' Houses in Lahore and Karachi, the British Museums Victoria and Albert, Peace Palace Hague, United Nations Headquarters New York, Kennedy Memorial Boston, US State Department Washington D.C., President's House Bonn, Queen Juliana's Palace Netherlands, Emperor's Palace Bangkok, Andhra Pradesh State Archaeology Museum and the National Art Gallery, Islamabad. Many of his works are at the Chughtai Museum Trust in Lahore.

As an apt tribute to the maestro, each stamp incorporated in the souvenir sheet figures a distinct inscription of Pakistan in Urdu crafted by Abdur Rahman Chughtai on Pakistan's first stamp set issued in 1948. Furthermore, all stamps on the souvenir sheet have backgrounds of a different Pakistan stamp designed by Abdur Rahman Chughtai which are as following (top to bottom):

• 1st Independence Anniversary - 1948 (1 Rupee)

• 4th Independence Anniversary - 1951 (4 Annas)

• 4th Independence Anniversary - 1951 (6 Annas)

• 4th Independence Anniversary - 1951 (3 Annas, Service)

Following paintings of Abdur Rahman Chughtai have been used in this souvenir sheet (clockwise):

• Princess by the Terrace

• Portrait of Ghalib (from Muraqqa-i-Chughtai)

• Doe-Eyed Beauty

• Noor Jehan and Jahangir

• Lady with Bulbul (from Muraqqa-i-Chughtai)

• The Mughal Princess

On the 50th Death Anniversary of Abdur Rahman Chughtai, a Commemorative Souvenir Sheet of Rs. 120/- denomination is being issued by Pakistan Post on January 17th, 2025.

70th Anniversary of Pakistan international Airlines. January 10, 2025 (2025-02)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Mon, 8 Jun 2026 20:38:48 +0500

International Airlines rose from humble beginnings. In June 1946, when Pakistan was still in the offing Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah, the Founder of the upcoming nation, instructed Mr. M.A. Ispahani, a leading industrialist, to set up a national airline, on a priority basis. With his singular vision and foresight, Quaid-e-Azam realized that with the formation of the two wings of Pakistan, separated by 1100 miles, a swift and efficient mode of transport was imperative. Four Douglas DC-3s were purchased from Tempo of Texas in February 1947 and Orient Airways operated it's first flight on 4th June 1947 on Calcutta-Akyab-Rangoon route. After Independence, Orient airways transferred its base to Pakistan and established a vital link between Karachi and Dacca, the two capitals of the two wings of Pakistan with a skeleton fleet of just two DC-3s, three crew members, and twelve mechanics. With an objective to provide better air services, the Government of Pakistan decided to form a state-owned airline "PIA" and orders for three L-1049C Super Constellations were placed with Lockheed. On 7th June 1954, ΡΙΑ operated first direct nonstop flight between Karachi and Dhaka. The government invited Orient airways to merge with PIA and the outcome of the merger was the birth of a new airline, through PIAC Ordinance on January 10, 1955.

In February 1955, first international services were inaugurated from Karachi to London via Cairo and Rome. By 1960, Vickers Viscount and Super Constellations were operating trunk routes. When the jet age dawned, PIA was quick to lease a Boeing 707-321 from Pan American World Airways and in March 1960, PIA became the first Asian airline to operate a pure jet aircraft. The Karachi London New York service commenced on 16th June 1961. In 1964, PIA hit world headlines by becoming the first noncommunist airline to launch flights to Canton (Guangzhou) and Shanghai. The same year it achieved the distinction of being the first international airline to operate a service through Moscow to other destinations in Europe. PIA also held reservations on two Boeing 2707 Supersonic (SST) aircrafts. A new Jet Hangar for Boeings with a supporting airframe overhaul shop was completed and commissioned in 1968. In 1970, PIA set up its own Flight Kitchen in Karachi, which caters, even today, to the national airline as well as other carriers. DC10-30 wide body aircrafts were introduced in March 1974 and two Boeing 747-200 joined PIA fleet in April 1976. Airbus A300s joined the fleet in March 1980. In 1980, Ispahani Hangar was inaugurated which is capable of housing two wide body aircrafts simultaneously. PIA became the first airline in Asia to operate the modern Boeing 737-300 in May 1985.

In June 1991, Airbus A310-300 and in April 1999, Boeing 747-300 were added to the fleet. In November 2002, orders were placed with Boeing to acquire state of the art B777 aircraft comprising of three B777-200 ER, two B777-200 LR and three B777-300 ER. To modernize the turboprop fleet, order for seven ATR 42- 500 were placed in November 2005. In June 2014, first Airbus 320 aircraft joined the fleet. At present, PIA operates four Boeing B777-300 ER, two Boeing B777- 200 LR, six Boeing B777-200 ER, seventeen Airbus A320-200, two ATR 72- 500 and three ATR 42-500 in its fleet.

To Commemorate the 70th Anniversary of creation of P.I.A, Pakistan's National Flag bearing Airlines, Pakistan Post is issuing a set of Commemorative Postage Stamps of Rs. 30/- denomination each and a Souvenir Sheet Valued at Rs. 100/-.

SOS CHILDREN'S VILLAGES PAKISTAN. JANUARY 01, 2025 (2025-1)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Sun, 7 Jun 2026 20:56:28 +0500

INTRODUCTION:- SOS Children's Villages Pakistan is a private social welfare organization dedicated to providing homes for orphans and abandoned children. It is registered with the Directorate General of Social Welfare, Government of the Punjab, Lahore vide Registration No. DSW (Pb) 75-812 dated September 10, 1975.

The special feature of SOS Children Villages is that these are not traditional orphanages: they provide children with a warm, family-type environment. Every effort is made to enrich children with strong moral values, sound education, and skills that will enable them to become productive and dependable citizens.

OBJECTIVES:- The primary need of children deprived of their natural parents is to be placed in a situation that is as close as possible to a natural home.

SOS Children's Villages meet this need by providing them with security and loving care. They are enabled to live normal lives and be instilled with a sense of confidence so that they can develop to their ful l potential.

SOS Children’s villages play the role of their family and provide them with higher education or job training according to their aptitude. SOS Children's villages are working towards the day when it will be able to provide shelter to every deserving child in the country. SOS Childern's villages consider this a realistic target as it admit only those children who are either complete orphans or, those we categorize as 'social' orphans, i.e. those whose mothers cannot keep them because they have remarried or they have an incurable disease such as cancer or mental illness.

AFFILIATION:- SOS Children's Villages of Pakistan is affiliated with SOS International, which is the umbrella organization, with its head office in Innsbruck, Austria. It is one of 130 member associations in different countries, many of them being in Asia, Africa, and South America. SOS International is the largest child welfare organization in the world and has so far established over 2800 projects.

PHILOSOPHY:- The philosophy of SOS Children’s villages is simple and very basic. Every child has the right to good nurturing. To provide the children with a normal environment, four principles are adhered to, and form the basis of all the work of the organization.

These are:

• A Mother

• Brothers and Sisters

• A Home

• The Village

The Mother is the person with whom the ultimate responsibility rests for meeting the child's physical and emotional needs, and for providing essential love and care. In the final analysis, the quality of care provided by the mother determines the success of our efforts. The SOS 'mothers' are selected with great care. They are usually single women, often widows without their own families, and are thus able to commit themselves completely to the responsibility of being in an SOS Village.

Brothers and Sisters are essential in any family pattern. Boys and girls of various ages grow up together as brothers and sisters. Real brothers and sisters are not separated and are always accommodated in the same house. On reaching adolescence the boys are shifted to a Youth Home.

The Home is the focal point of the Village. Here the children find security, a feeling of 'belonging' and having their place in the world. An SOS home is a self-contained unit and is as close as possible to a normal home in all respects. Every house consists of a living area, kitchen, separate bedrooms for girls and boys, and a small room for the mother. A kitchen garden is maintained by the family.

The Village is the community in which the child lives and finds shelter and support from other members of this 'family'.

An SOS Village is generally comprised of 15 family homes, a community hall, an administration office, a mosque, a director's residence, a grocery shop, a workshop, a dispensary , essential staff residences, and adequate playgrounds.

Religious instruction is an integral part of the children's routine. Extracurricular activities are also organized in which the children enthusiastically participate. Scouting, Girl Guides, games, cooking classes, art classes, and sewing are some of the many diverse activities available to them.

A special feature of SOS Children's Villages is that the organization takes responsibility for the children in its care till they can support themselves. After matriculation, both boys and girls receive career counseling. Higher education is provided to those with merit and, otherwise, technical education. The boys remain in our care till they are capable of earning their livelihood and the girls till such time as they are married. The marriages of the girls are arranged by the organization.

SOS PAKISTAN PROJECTS:- SOS Children's Villages of Pakistan was founded in 1975. The first project to be opened was the SOS Children's Village in Lahore and since then over 64 projects have been established nationwide, of which 35 are exclusively for orphans.

SCHOOLS:- SOS Children’s villages consider that a good education is the greatest gift we can give to our children and for this purpose schools are established in conjunction with every SOS Children's Village. These schools provide quality education, not only to our children but also to other underprivileged children. Outside children far outnumber the SOS children and thus these schools serve a dual purpose - they enable our children to integrate with the community and also contribute to the vital sector of education.

SOS YOUTH HOMES:- SOS Youth Homes are opened wherever we have SOS Children's Villages and boys are shifted there upon reaching adolescence. They do not leave the care of SOS Childern's villages till such time as they are able to earn their livelihood.

AFTER LEAVING SOS:- The ultimate proof of our success is the assimilation of our children into the mainstream. So far, several hundred children have passed through our hands and are generally well-settled in life.

They are working in diverse fields such as banking, computer companies, teaching, industry, the armed forces, and private enterprise.The girls are also encouraged to train for careers and their marriages are also arranged by us.

They return once a year for a reunion and, otherwise too, keep in touch. We are always available to applaud their success or lend a helping hand.

On the SOS Children's Villages Pakistan, the commemorative postage stamp is being issued by Pakistan Post of the value of Rs.50/- each denomination on 1st January, 2025.

50 YEARS OF EXCELLENCE COUNCIL OF ISLAMIC IDEOLOGY. DECEMBER 30th, 2024 (2024-16)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Sat, 6 Jun 2026 15:16:38 +0500

The Council of Islamic Ideology was established under the Constitution of 1973, and the concept of its creation is primarily derived from Allama Muhammad Iqbal's idea of parliamentary ijtihad. In his lectures, Allama Muhammad Iqbal proposed collective ijtihad through the parliament, instead of individual ijtihad, for the modern era. As envisaged , this process shall involve the significant role of Islamic scholars alongside the elected representatives of the people. Based on these ideas and concepts, the following institutions for reconstruction of religious thought were established after the creation of Pakistan:

In October 1947, an institution named as the Department of Islamic Reconstruction was established. Its mandate was to highlight and present the Islamic ideological concepts of state-building and societal development, which would serve as the foundational framework for the newly established political administration.

Subsequently, when the formal process of drafting of constitution commenced, Pakistan's first Constituent Assembly presented the Objectives Resolution on March 12, 1949. The Objective Resolution determined the fundamental framework for drafting an Islamic constitution for the state of Pakistan.

In light of the Objectives Resolution, a committee formed to chalk out basic principles for drafting the fundamental structure of the Constitution. To provide guidelines to this committee on the Objectives Resolution and to address, queries, a five-member Board named as the Board of Talimat-e-lslamia was formed under the chairmanship of Maulana Syed Sulaiman Nadvi. Additionally, on February 15, 1951, a Law Commission was constituted, tasked with reviewing the existing laws, in effect, at that time and bringing them in conformity with the Objectives Resolution.

In 1956, when the first constitution of Pakistan was promulgated, Article 197 thereof provided for the establishment of an Institute for Islamic Research and Instructions. The primary objective of this institution was to assist in the process of reconstruction of Muslim society on ideal basis through research and education. Additionally, Article 198 of the same Constitution provided for the creation of an Islamic Commission. The primary functions of this Commission included to ensure that no law shall be enacted which is repugnant to the Injunctions of Islam as laid down in the Holy Quran and Sunnah, and that existing laws shall be brought into conformity with Islamic Injunctions.

In the Constitution of March 1962, it was envisaged to establish the Advisory Council of Islamic Ideology. The functions of this Advisory Council included providing recommendations to the central and provincial governments to enable the Muslims of Pakistan to order their lives, in all respects, in accordance with the Islamic principles. During this period, the Council submitted reports spanning ten years of time containing recommendations on significant social issues and proposals for bringing existing laws in conformity with the injunctions of the Qur'an and Sunnah.

Council of Islamic Ideology:- In the Constitution of 1973, the Advisory Council of Islamic Ideology was renamed as the Council of Islamic Ideology. The provisions of Articles 227 to 231 of the Constitution outlined the obligation to bring legislation in conformity with Islamic principles, as well as the composition of the Council of Islamic Ideology and its functions.

According to Article 230 of the Constitution of Pakistan, one of the obligations of the Council was to submit a final report on review of laws after seven years of its establishment. Clause (4) of this article also mandated that the Council's annual interim report or its final report shall be laid down before the Majlis-e-Shura (Parliament).

In 1996, the Council submitted a final report to Parliament, which reviewed, all laws up to 1973, in light of Islamic principles. Furthermore, under its constitutional obligations, the Council regularly submits its annual report to Parliament and the provincial assemblies every year. Since its inception the total number of the Council's publications exceeds 100, including both annual and thematic reports. In addition, the Council annually publishes a reputable academic and research journal titled "ljtihad."

On the occasion of the completion of 50 years of operations by the Islamic Ideology Council and in recognition of its excellence, a Commemorative Postage Stamp of Rs. 30/- denomination is being issued by Pakistan Post on 301h December, 2024.

148th Birth Anniversary of Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah. (2024-15)

noreply@blogger.com (Quaid-e-Azam Study Circle) — Fri, 5 Jun 2026 20:53:44 +0500

Founder of Pakistan Mohammad Ali Jinnah called by the Nation Quaid-i-Azam - Great Leader was born in Karachi on 25th December 1876. He got his early education in Karachi. Since boyhood, he was brilliant and promising, zealously devoted to his studies and fired with the ambition to grow up to be a great man. No wonder he did achieve greatness by his extraordinary qualities of mind and determination.

After passing the matriculation examination at the age of 16, he left for England where in 1896 he qualified himself as Barrister-at-Law from Lincoln's Inn. Back in India he started practicing as a lawyer in Karachi at the age of 20. Later he moved to Bombay where he established a very successful practice. He began taking part in the country's freedom movement since the early nineties. In 1910, he was elected to the Imperial Legislative Council. He remained associated with the Council and its successor, the Central Assembly, for over 30 years. In 1913, he joined the Muslim League, an organization formed in 1906, to safeguard the legitimate interest of the Indian Muslims, who numbered about one third of the country's population. He became president of the All India Muslim League in 1916. Throughout his subsequent political career, he fought fervently for the just interests of the Indian Muslims, and championed their cause with devotion and courage.

Convinced by the past experience that as a minority community, the political interests of Muslims and their distinct cultural identity could never remain safe after the withdrawal of British rule from the Indo-Pakistan sub-continent, he put forward the plan envisaging the establishment of a separate home land - Pakistan in the areas where the Muslims were in majority. In 1940, the famous Pakistan Resolution was passed at Lahore demanding the creation of Pakistan as an independent, sovereign country. Thereafter, the achievement of Pakistan as a separate homeland became Jinnah's dominant aim which he stead fastly pursued, and by dint of his exceptional statesmanship, constitutional acumen, and intelligent advocacy, he ultimately succeeded in getting the Pakistan idea accepted by the Indian National Congress a predominantly Hindu political organization - as well as the British Government.

Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah became the first Governor-General of Pakistan after its emergence as a new country on the 14th August 1947. He died in Karachi on 11th September, 1948.