Indo Electric

ACB (Air Circuit Breaker)

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Wed, 11 May 2011 18:13:00 +0700

ACB Is Air Circuit Breaker.

Masterpact, reliability

Merlin Gerin latest technology has produced a new concept for the Power Circuit Breaker. With all the advantages of modular construction in polyester enclosure, Masterpact offers performance that is more than just meeting international standards. Masterpact has a high thermal resistance to enable the workings of the so-called Total Discrimination. This is to ensure continuity of service due to a power source in the event of disruption (short circuit), Masterpact would "suspend" disconnection, before all the circuit breaker on the bottom side cut off (trip). Thus, if such interference can only occur at one point, then the circuit breaker in that area alone is disconnected.

Masterpact, without treatment
Without treatment, Masterpact can be operated as many as 10,000 times on the 1600A. If it happens 2 times a day trip, then Masterpact to serve the plant for 13.7 years without treatment. Only by changing the contact point and the arc chutenya, Masterpact to operate 20,000 times on the 1600A.

Masterpact, withdrawable

- Circuit breaker can be removed and inserted quickly without removing the power circuit, thus simplifying the treatment
- Can be conducted test / test trip unit
- Position the circuit breaker can be known ("connected", "test", "disconnected")
- By adding the buffer can be formed into a fixed type

Masterpact NT & NW

630 s / d 6300 A
Ics = 100% ICU

5 levels of performance
N1: standard performance
H1: high performance
H2: very high performance
H3: very high performance + high level of discrimination
L1: current limiter

Optimal dimensions
- 1 frame size for Masterpact NT, power circuit breaker in the world's smallest
- 2 frame size for Masterpact NW

Arc chute with a new design that is equipped with stainless steel filter
- Absorb the energy generated during disconnection so as to limit the stress that arises in the installation
- Filter and cool the gas produced and reduce splashing out particles that arise at short circuit.

Micrologic, intelligent trip unit
- The function of protection and an integrated measurement
- Display LCDdigital
- Protection system can be set using the dial or keypad (double setting)
- Choice of communication to integrate the circuit breaker into the supervision system, so that the function of protection, control and monitoring can be done remotely

Motor Contactors and Circuit Breakers

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Mon, 9 May 2011 11:06:00 +0700

For this section, quite a lot of the items will be explained

Motor Starter

Control
- Manual: used when the starter motor is operated manually (on, off, done directly on the starter)
- Auto: used when necessary on, off can be done from somewhere else (remote control) and usually a separate starter motor fitted with a control panel (operation panel).

Association

Components: control functions, short circuit protection, overload protection and isolation into a single component (integrated).
Components: the control function carried out by contactors and other functions carried out by GV motor circuit breaker.
Component: control functions performed by the contactor, and overload protection function performed by a safety relay overload, while the short-circuit protection function and isolation with GV motor circuit breaker or circuit breaker type of MA.

Contactor

These contactors are designed using the system variable composition making it possible to obtain a flexible control system for a variety of system / control functions, because the contactor is available a variety of equipment that can be mounted directly on the contactor with clip on system which consists, among others:

- Safety Overload
- Input module
- Control Module "auto-man-off"
- Module delay time on / off
- Module interface
- Module Supressor coil
- Accessories to be installed next to the contactor.
- Block an additional auxiliary contacts
- Mechanical and electrical interlock
- Accessories to be installed in front of contactors
- Pause time pneumatically on / off
- Latch mechanical block
- Additional auxiliary contacts

With the system can be obtained many benefits including :
- Save room (panel)
- Save time (installation, maintenance, etc.)
- Save preparations (one type of contactor similar to a range of contactors)

In the selection of the contactor to note :
- Types of burden
- Capacity load
- The frequency of on-off
- Starting with a long time and high current surges.

For a high starting current and frequent on-off rating of contactors should be used long life and high performance so obtained contactors are functioning properly.

Thermic Relay Charges Over (Thermal Overload Relay)

Security Overload protection on all three phase motors are either using bimetallic (LR2-K & LR-D) and those that use an electronic system without a separate supply (LR9-F) and has lost sensitivity to the phase of working with differential system (indirect trip in the case of the missing single phase) when needed immediate protection (Instantaneous) must be added the special equipment for phase loss protection for example RM4, RCP, ....). Safety overload can be matched directly with kontaktornya or separate so that it is flexible for installation in the panel. Safety overload protects motor from damage due to the overload by disconnecting the supply to the contactor coil (through its NC contacts), so that the contactor is open and the motor stops (protection conducted through their control functions, there is no direct power to the termination of the security burden). Selection of the security burden is more determined by the rating / setting the current according to motor nominal current at full load and class trip. To use the standard used in class 10 trip is a safety overload will trip at 7.2 Ir within 4 seconds <Tp <10 seconds, for use where it takes a long time starting blowers should be used for example in a class trip 20 or 30.

For Motor Circuit Breaker

Errors that often occur in the use of motorcycle safety
Due to the different characteristics of the load at the time run "on" between the load and motor is required a different type of security for each expense.

It often happens that the termination of the distribution (distribution circuit breaker) is used for motorcycle safety, so the problem often occurs when the motor is run even if used in circuit breaker distribution with a high value of the magnetic curve. To overcome this problem is usually done to increase the capacity of the "breaker" it (trip curve shifts to the right) and put more load separate security to avoid touching the motor starting current curve fall (trip) the circuit breaker distribution.
This will cause other problems that other components (apart from the circuit breaker) has a capacity of "thermal stress limit" and "breaking capacity" is relatively small compared with the capacity breakers sehigga energy is not protected in case of short-circuit (curve located on the left curve fall breaker strength). In these circumstances, if there is a brief relationship with other components will be damaged / changed their characteristics prior to the termination of the fall. Changes in the characteristics of a safety overload will cause the equipment not working properly so that it can cause burning in the event of motor overload currents. To overcome this problem use the "GV Motor Circuit BREAKER".

Motor control and protection
By using the correct type of breaker (GV) would get a good protection against the human and the installation in accordance with IEC 947. To improve the working unit of a GV2 been known to currently marketed type of GV as follows :

GV2 - P: Thermal magnetic motor circuit breaker.
* Breaking capacity 50 kA - 100 kA
* Rotary handle operator
* The position of the handle on - off - tripposisi handle on - off - trip

GV2 - L: Magnetic motor circuit breakers.
* Breaking capacity 50 kA - 100 kA
* Rotary handle operator
* The position of the handle on - off - trip

Thermal Magnetic Type (GV2-ME, GV2-P, GV3-ME, GV7-R).
Mounted on each motor while the magnetic type (GV2L) is used for protection with special applications such as :
- Class Trip 20
- Protection Group

DOL Motor Starter

TeSys Model U is DOL Starter (Total Coordination) with performance fulfill the following functions :

Protection and Control for motor 1 phase and 3 phase :
- Function braking
- Overload protection and short circuit
- Thermal Overload Protection
- Power Switching

Control and application of :
- Alarm protection
- Monitoring the application (Running Time, Number of Disorders and Motor Current Rating)
- Data Logs (Save 5 Data last Disturbance together with motor parameter values)

The basic components of the starter

Starter secara umum terdiri dari Power Base dan Control Unit Starter generally consists of the Power Base and the Control Unit

- Power Base
Already integrated with the function "Breaking" and has a breaking capacity 50 kA at 400 volts, a total Coordination (which ensures continuity of services) and switching functions.
There are two types of ratings available, is 0-12 A and o-32 A.
Available non-reversing (lub) and reversing (LU2B)

- Control Unit
Control units must be selected in accordance with voltage control, power motor that will be protected and the type of protection required.

* Standard Control Unit (LUCA)
Enough to base the necessary protection such as motor overload and short circuit.
* Advanced Control Unit (LUCB, LUCC, LUCD)
Have additional functions such as alarms, motor current value and differentiation type of interference.
* Multifunction Control Unit (LUCM)

Ideal for the protection and control more sophisticated, such as:
- Protection against overload and short circuit
- Protection against interference phase and phase imbalance
- Reset parameters manually or automatically
- Alarm for protection function
- Function Log
- Differentiation disorders
- Over torque and no load running

Option to control:
- Module function
- Communication Module
- Module auxiliary contacts
- Add-on contact block

Option for Power:
- Reserver Block, allowing the use of Non Reversing be Reversing
- Limiter Disconnector, enabling increased capacity of termination to 130 kA at 400 volts.

In addition to the above tools, there are also :
- Electronic Over Current Relay
- Enclosed Motor Starter

- Direct On Line Starter

- Star - Delta Starter

Many Kinds of Relay
- Thermistor Protection Relay
- Control Relay

Zelio Smart Relay

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Mon, 9 May 2011 11:01:00 +0700

Zelio is a smart relay.

The purpose of creation of the Smart Relay :

1. To replace the logic and relay control circuit construction which is a direct installation.

2. With smart relay control circuit is built in software.

3. Smart Relay is designed for installation and maintenance of industrial electrical technicians who do not have to have a high electronics skills.

Advantage Smart Relay:

1. Very easy to implement and faster project implementation time.

2. Is flexible and very reliable.

3.Easy to modify (with software).

4. More economical than PLC for simple applications.

5. Require a shorter training time.

Zelio

1. Zelio Smart Relay is made by Schneider Telemecanique.

2. Available in 2 models: Model Compact and Modular Models.

3. If necessary you can add I / O module additional (expansion I / O modules), both I / O discrete and analog I / O.

4. Several other options can also be added (Modbus Communication Module and Memory).

Advantages Zelio Smart Relay:

1. The availability of Modbus communication modules that can be a slave PLC Zelio in a PLC network.

2. There are facilities Fast Counter (up to 1kHz).

3. Can be programmed by using the Ladder and FBD.

4. There are 16 pieces Timer (11 kinds), 16 fruit Counter, 8 Fruit Clock function block each function block has 4 channels), automatic summer / winter time switching, analog comparator 16 pieces.

5. Can add a module I / O enhancements.

Smart Relay Selection

1. Smart Relay Selection derived from application requirements.

2. Note limits the ability of the Smart Relay.

3. Inventory of the signal / voltage is handled (analog / digital, AC / DC).

Capability Limitations

1. The number and type of input.

2. The number and type of output

3. Zelio can be programmed up to 120 Row (1 Row consists of 5 contacts and 1 coil).

4. How / technical programming (Ladder diagram or FBD).

Description :

1. If the application to be made to have the number of I / O <= 20 (12 input and 8 output) then use Zelio Compact. And if the number of I / O is greater than 20 use the Zelio Modular (Zelio Max Modular I / Onya = 40 I / O).

2. Selection of voltage (12 VDC, 24VDC, 24 Vac and 100-240 Vac) depending on the type of voltage sensor and actuator-sensor-actuator to be used.

General Rules Grounding System

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Sat, 7 May 2011 09:29:00 +0700

General Rules Grounding System

> All open conductive parts must be connected to earth via the protective conductor (PE)

> Section that can be touched by the open conductive simultaneously grounded conductor shall be connected with the same (equipotential bonding)

> Switching devices (switching device) should be automatic release of all the installations are troubled by the touch of dangerous disturbance.

> The maximum tripping time rather than switching device must be lower than the time specified on the map "effect of current - the duration of current flow in the human body."

Basic Principles of Protection of Human Life

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Fri, 6 May 2011 10:10:00 +0700

BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PROTECTION OF HUMAN LIFE

1 Tap Jump (Direct Contact)
2 Tap Indirect (Indirect Contact) PUIL 2000

> Protection of humans from direct touch
Definition is "the contiguity of human or livestock with live parts" (PUIL 2000), such contacts occurred between members of the human body directly or livestock with live parts that will cause electric shock. "

Human protection in accordance with PUIL 2000

> Impedance of the human body

UC = ZT ID

> ZT depends on :
* Frequency
* Voltage touch
* Track the flow of electricity in the human body

> The hazard depends on :
* Strong noise current ID
* The length of time the flow of electricity through the human body
* At 50 Hz, sensitivity at the maximum rate.

Electric shock in humans, 15 to 100 HZ

> Effects of electric current to the human body

> Curve Left sec / mA current to AC current from 15 to 100 Hz

> Effects currents :
* Zone 1: bounded by the curve "a", cut no effect
* Zone 2: bounded by the curve "b", the line between perception and uncomfortable
* Zone 3: is limited by the curve "c3", non-convenient, there is the risk of muscle contraction, including heart curve "c1" determines the limits of risk, 0%. Curve "c2": possible 5% curves "c3": the possibility of 50%
* Zone 4: BGN dr c3 curve, the possibility of large LBH dr pd 50% plus the possibility of heart stops beating.

Human protection from indirect touch

Definition is "the contiguity of human or animal with an open-voltage conductive parts in case of disturbance" (PUIL 2000). For example, contacts that occur between members of the human body / animals with open conductive parts which become stressed (due to interference isolation), resulting in electric shock. Touch not directly caused by the failure of basic insulation, the cause is :

> Installation time
* Mechanical damage on the cable insulation

> Operating time
* Dust conductive
* Aging thermal insulator due to excessive temperature
* The style occurs when short-circuit electrodynamic
* Voltage is more due to lightning
* Voltage is more due to the failure of insulation in medium voltage side

Type of protection from indirect touch with automatic supply disconnection

* Bumikan conductive parts are open all electrical equipment and all installation parts are easily touched which is conductive through the conductor PE
* Bumikan open conductive parts (BKT) all electrical equipment and all installation parts that are easily moved conductive
* 2 open the adjacent conductive parts connected with the same grounding electrode

* The automatic disconnection of supply by using protective devices for the isolation of harmful interference
* Protection devices must operate within a period compatible with the "Maximum time voltage tap" on the effect of current map - the duration of current flow in the human body.

Tracking Phenomenon

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Fri, 6 May 2011 09:13:00 +0700

Tracking Phenomenon (Solution! Eliminate any harmful leakage current protective devices residual current with 300 mA)
1. There are pollutants and sticking on the surface of insulation
Leakage currents (residual) flow through the small part that pollute and / or with high humidity
2. Small sparks arise during the drying stage

The dry part can no longer withstand voltage, nascent small electric sparks on the surface. Sparks Centre has a very high temperature > 10 000 C
3. Certain places there pengkarbonan
These places occur after periods of warming pengkarbonan ; started slightly damaged insulation material
4. Leakage current to flow again during the next sticking
During the period of the next sticking, flow gradually enlarged to flow through the damaged surface
5. During the subsequent drying stage, resulting spark new. The number of electric sparks increased, pengkarbonan surface and causing widespread damage to an increasingly severe
6. Damaged surface increases the longer the.

The bits of insulation resistance decreases, the flow grows in each cycle.
7. After a certain time to burn insulation materials
When the leakage current becomes large enough, electrical sparks that occur are strong enough to burn the insulation material

Transformer Definition

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Fri, 6 May 2011 09:06:00 +0700

● The transformer is an electrical device that can connect the electricity networks that have a wide range of voltages so that power can be distributed widely.

● With a transformer, generator (380 volt) transmission line (150 kV) and load electrical load (220/230 Volt) can work simultaneously on different voltages.

Soft Start and Inverter

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Thu, 5 May 2011 17:20:00 +0700

With the Altivar inverter, induction motor can be adjusted in a wide range. Many applications not only require a wide range of rotation but also the stability of rotation of the desired reference value. To answer this need, it must be installed a control system.

Induction motor consists of two main parts, namely the stator and rotor. Stator is the part that does not move, consisting of layers of metal with grooves containing the coil-coil. Coil-coil is connected to 3 phase power source, to obtain a rotating magnetic field. The speed of rotating magnetic field depends on

number of stator poles and the frequency resources. This speed is called the synchronous speed, which is determined by the formula :

Ns = 120 f
P

With Ns is the synchronous speed (rpm), f is frequency resources (Hz), and P is the number of stator poles.

The inverter is a device that can be used to convert the 3 phase power source into DC voltage which is then converted back to 3 phase power source with the appropriate frequency. This method can be used because it is known that induction motor synchronous speed is proportional to the frequency of its resources.

PLN has the resources of a constant frequency, which is 50 Hz. One effective way to produce a voltage with a frequency that can be regulated is by way of their own raises. For that we need a DC power source. This resource is derived from PLN's resources are rectified by the rectifier. Furthermore, these resources are filtered with filter DC to get DC power source that is more flat. Then through a series of switches (referred to as a bridge inverter) that can be controlled in such a way, those resources can be converted into 3 phase power source at the end of the load. By way of controlling the switching time of these switches using PWM signals (Pulse Width Modulation).

By using the inverter, it will be many technical advantages obtained when compared with other ways. Some benefits include: having a wider range of speeds, has some pattern to the relationship of voltage and frequency, has a facility designation meters, has a slope of acceleration and deceleration that can be set independently, compact, and more secure system.

Soft Starter and Variable Speed Drive Altistart Altivar offer you something more simple, concise, open and flexible :
q version of ready to wear
q Use PowerSuite software,
q Lots of options for communications networks.
Evolution and there are many new features to increase your production capacity.

Power Suite :
A unique software for all Altistart and Altivar
Adjust the settings as minimal as possible!
q Simplify the definition of the parameter,
q Prepare and print a configuration,
q Comparison of documents,
q Reproductive fast for similar applications,
q Remote Monitoring.

Electrical interference and Causes

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Thu, 5 May 2011 14:18:00 +0700

Light failure

● Electric Disturbance to be discussed are: electrical interference caused by currents and voltages, as is often the case in the operation of electric power.

● Electric Disturbance caused by the flow include :
- Over load current (load current), ie: more flows that occur within the electricity network due to, for example on the operation of the motor.
- Over current (over current / short circuit) : Flow with a value exceeding the rated value of equipment. Identifier value is: Ability Flow Conductivity (CRC) pelatan electricity.
- Leakage current (leakage current) : The current that flows into the earth or to other conductive parts. Leakage current can be caused by poor insulation.

● Electric Disturbance caused by stress include :
- Over Voltage (Voltage over): Surge Arrester.

The Difference Between Circuit Breaker, Switch and Fuse

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Thu, 5 May 2011 14:15:00 +0700

● Circuit Breaker is :
Mechanical switch capable of connecting, flowing currents and decide on a normal circuit conditions and also able to connect, stream for a certain period and decide automatically flow to the abnormal circuit conditions, such as short-circuit conditions (PUIL Chapter-1.9).
● Switches / separator / isolator is :
Devices to separate or connect the circuit in a state of no or almost no load (PUIL Chapter-1.9).
● Fuse / safety fuse / fuse is :
Fusion devices with one or more devices that are specially designed and comparable to the open circuit where a safety fuse inserted and cut off the flow when the flow exceeds the value specified in the appropriate time (PUIL Chapter-1.9).

Dialogue Human - Machine

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Thu, 5 May 2011 11:24:00 +0700

Which includes the category of tools that serve as media dialogue human with the tools / plant among others :

- Key Illumination
- Lamp Indications (Pilot Light)
- Push Button (Push Button)
- Selector (Selector Switch)
- Selector key (Key Selector)
- Cam Switches
- Switch Voltmeter (Voltmeter Cam Switch)
- Ammeter Switches (Cam Switch Ammeter)
- Switch Off-On
- Transfer Switches (Change Over Switch Cam)
- Switches multistep (multistep Cam Switch)
- Joystick
- Control Panel (Control Station)
- Beacon Tower Light and Illumination Segment
- Indicator Bank Diameter
- Trip Wire & Foot Switches
- Pendant

Detector and Sensor

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Wed, 4 May 2011 09:07:00 +0700

- TYPE DETECTOR

In general, the detector is divided into 2 types :
- Detection by direct contact (touching the objects to be detected)
- Detection with no direct contact (no contact with the object to be detected)

Detector is included in the type DETECTION BY DIRECT CONTACT:
- Limit Switch
- Pressure Switch

Detector is included in the type DETECTION WITH NO CONTACT DIRECTLY:
- Photoelectric
- Proximity
- Ultrasonic

Limit Switch
Work based on the change in position of the actuator (Part in contact with the object being detected) that move the block contacts within the limit switches. Selection of type of actuator is adapted to the application, size, type and shape of the object to be detected.

Pressure Switch
Is a tool to maintain pressure at a certain limit (between PH boundary, with the lower limit PB). When the pressure reaches the value of PH (hence the switch will change state from On to Off) and if the pressure decreases and reaches the value of PB (the switch will change state from Off to On). The difference between the PH and PB is called Differential. There are 2 types of Pressure Switch :

Adjustable Differential and Fixed Differential
- Differential fixed (Fixed Differential) :
Differential value of fixed (specific), only pH values that can be arranged. PB values obtained from the PH value less the value differential.
- Differential non-permanent (adjustable differential) :
Differential value can be set, because both the value of its PH or PB each can be arranged.

Pressure Switch is divided into 2 types: Electromechanical and Electronic
- Electromechanical:
Works by using mechanical components such as a spring to measure the pressure.
- Electronics:
Work by using electronic components (more precision).

Pressure Sensor Pressure Transmitter or pressure gauge to the output of analog output (to a voltage of 0-10VDC or 4 .. 20 mA current), change the output value is proportional to the perceived change in pressure.

Proximity
There are two types of proximity: Proximity Inductive and Capacitive Proximity.
- Inductive Proximity:

Work based on inductance change if there are metal objects which are in the area of work. Can only detect objects made of metal, with a maximum detection distance of 6cm. Proximity detection influenced the type of metal object (eg: distance detection for different iron with copper, etc.).
- Capacitive Proximity:
Working on the basis of changes in capacity if there are objects that are in the detection area. Can detect all types of objects within the maximum detection distance of 2 cm. Based on the type of installation / mounting her, proximity there are 2 kinds: Flush and Non-Flush. Flush the point in the installation can be embedded in metal. Non Flush point in the installation should be given the distance between the proximity to metal objects nearby.

Ultrasonic
Works by detecting the reflection of ultrasound waves by objects that are in the detection area. Can detect all types of objects within the detection limit of 1 M.

Photoelectric
Consisting of the transmitter (a transmitter of light) and the receiver (receiver of light).
Photoelectric work based on the presence or absence of light (from the transmitter) that is received by the receiver. There are two types of switching from these sensors, namely Dark Light On and On.

- Dark On:
Sensors will be On if there is no light received by the receiver.
- Light On:
Sensors will be On if any light received by the receiver.

Photoelectric can detect all kinds of things with a maximum detection distance of 100 AD Photoelectric work. system is divided into five, namely: Thru-beam, Reflex, Polarized Reflex, Diffuse, and Diffuse with Background Suppression.
- Thru-beam:
In this type of transmitter and receiver separated into 2 units, if the object blocking the light from the transmitter to the receiver, the output of this sensor will change according to the type of switching from these sensors.
- Reflex:
In this type of Transmitter and Receiver are in 1 unit, and it takes a reflector to reflect light from the transmitter to the receivers. When the object blocking the light received by the receiver, then the output of the sensor is changed according to the type of switching him. This type can not be used to detect shiny objects, because the reflection of light from the object trans Mitter sleeky can disrupt these sensors work.
- Polarized Reflex:
Is a development of this type of reflex, so this type can be used to detect shiny objects.
- Diffuse:
If the receiver receives light from the transmitter is reflected by the object, then the output of the sensor is changed according to the type of switching him.
- With Background Suppression Diffuse:
This type is the development of diffuse type, this sensor can be used to detect the object with the background. Proximity detection in this system can be set so that only reflections from the object that converts the output from the sensor, while the reflection from the background will not change the output of the sensor.

Osiconcept
(Offering Simplicity through Innovation) is a new concept of Schneider Electric in the field of sensors (photoelectric, proximity, limit switch, pressure switch). With this concept easier for you in choosing the appropriate sensor in accordance with the needs of your application:

- Photoelectric with Osiconcept incorporate into 5 types (thru-beam, reflex, polarized reflex, diffuse and diffuse with background suppression) in 1 product
- Proximity to Osiconsept combines type Flush and Non-Flush into a single product
- Limit Switch with limit switches offer modular Osiconcept namely: good head, body, and contact blocks can be interchangeable, thus saving time and maintenance costs
- Pressure Switch with Osiconcept offer convenience in terms of setting the pressure parameters (PH, PB, etc..)

The advantage with Osiconcept:
- For machine manufacturers / OEM:
Creating a machine design made easy; with Osiconcept sensor can be adapted to various circumstances / conditions in accordance with your wishes. Osiconcept make your machine more flexible for various applications.
- For Sellers / Stores:
Enable you to select the sensor that matches the needs of customers; Osiconcept combine several types of sensors into a single product, thereby reducing the number of sensor options. Sensors with Osiconcept flexible for various applications your customers.
- For the user / end user:
Shorten the time to stop your machine at the time of maintenance; Osiconcept sensors offer products that are flexible, easy installation and settings.

Telemecanique provides 3 options for the sensor:
- Universal Type:
Equipped with Osiconcept, suitable for your needs.
- Optimum Type:

Economical type sensor with a wide selection of species that can be customized to your needs.
- Type of Application:
For special applications that require sensors with a particular specification.

Type of connection:
- Cable: sensor is equipped with cable, making it suitable for installation in moist areas (IP higher).
- Connector: sensor fitted with connectors, ease of maintenance (replacement).
- Screw clamp terminals: suitable if the sensor is mounted far enough away from the interfaces (PLC, Pilot Light, etc..) And the required length of flexible cable.

The Working Principle ELCB

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Wed, 4 May 2011 09:01:00 +0700

* With the help of toroid, inflows than outflows
* When the balance (there is no residual current or leakage current), then there will be changes
* If there is a residual current that exceeds the rated residual operating current, it is because the imbalance of inflow and outflow will cause the flow flux in the toroid which causes the circuit to the circuit that is connected to the magnet that "holding" a bar that has a (spring)
* Due to changing currents cause the magnetic equilibrium, then the bar will open with the help of a Per

Type of Electrical Power

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Tue, 3 May 2011 12:46:00 +0700

An AC power source out electric power in the form of "Power On" and '"Reactive Power".

* Power On (dalamWatt) are:
Electrical energy needed to be transformed (converted) into other forms of energy: mechanical energy, thermal energy, light.

* Reactive Power (the VAR) are:
Electrical energy is required for the formation of the magnetic field is required 'by the equipment that works with the system of electromagnetic (inductive equipment). Without these magnetization currents of electricity can not flow through the transformer core or through the air gap induction motors. Both these resources form the total power called the "Real Power" (in VA).

The third power is:
Active Power (Watt):
P = √ 3 x VL x IL x cos φ
Reactive Power (VAR) :
Q = √ 3 x VL x IL x sin φ
Real Power (VA):
S = √ 3 x VL x IL.

Basic Electrical Formulas

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Tue, 3 May 2011 12:43:00 +0700

Basic Electrical Formulas

● V = I x R (Volt).
● P (1 phase) = V x I x cos φ = I ² x R x cos φ (Watt).
● P (3 phase) = √ 3 x VL x IL x cos φ (Watt).

Description:
● V = Voltage (Volts) Æ eg: 220 volts.
● I = Current (Ampere).
● R = Resistance (Ohm).
● P = Power (Watts).
● VL = each phase Voltage (volts) Æ eg: 380 volts.
● Line IL = Current (Ampere).

Basic Electrical Theory

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Tue, 3 May 2011 12:39:00 +0700

Before we discuss the problem of power distribution, power failures and protection, we will repeat the basic theory of electrical problems. Basic Electrical Theory In the discussion it will be reminded again the problem of electricity formulas will often we meet and discuss problems in the operation of a power failure protection, including:

● Basic Electrical Formulas.
● Transformation of the transformer.
● Types of Electric Power.
● Types of Electric Disturbance.

Short Circuit Currents

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Mon, 2 May 2011 09:57:00 +0700

>>> Short Circuit Current

Short-circuit current is:
More flows generated by the interference by ignoring impedance between points on different potential in normal service conditions.

PUIL 2000 (1.9) defines the short circuit current is:
Overcurrent caused by a very small impedance disturbance close to zero between the two active conductive under normal operating conditions different from the potential (short circuit current).

>>> As a result of short circuit

1. At the location of disturbances, the existence of electrical arcing which can cause:
* Damage to insulation.
* Melting Conductor.
* Fire and fire hazard.

2. In the circuit-dependent:
* Style electrodynamic that causes:

Changes in the form of bus-bar.
Cable disconnection.

* Excessive temperature will continue to increase, resulting in loss in joules greater, thus causing the risk of damage to insulation.

3. Disirkuit other tissues or adjacent to the network:
* Stress disorders decreased during the time that vary from a few milliseconds until several hundred milliseconds.

* Turn off some of the network.
* The lack of dynamic instability and / or loss of mechanical synchronization.
* Impaired control / control circuits.

Surge Arrester

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Fri, 29 Apr 2011 18:06:00 +0700

Solar voltage, often called spikes (nails) or transient generally occurs in most electricity network in the form of a very rapid increase in voltage. The occurrence of solar voltage can be caused by lightning or switching movement (switching-termination) of the contactor, circuit breaker, thiristor and switching capacitors. Voltage solar can cause damage to electrical equipment due to the pressure on component isolation far beyond the limits of the voltage.

Surge Arrester terdidri of 2 types of usage:

Type 1 (Class1)

Used when there is a risk of direct stroke current and should be installed in buildings that use Lightning conductor / rod

Technology: Spark Gap
Iimp (10/350 ms): 35, 50 and 100kA
£ 1ms response time
Monoblock System (DIN Rail)

Type 2 (Class2)

Used to cut solar voltage by combining several components Metal Oxyde Varistor (MOV), providing security to the surge voltage at:

- Household electronic equipment: televisions, ovens, refrigerators, computers, etc.
- Industrial electronic equipment: PLC, motor control, machinery, pumps, etc.

Technology: Metal Oxyde Varistor (MOV)
Imaks (8/20ms): 8, 20, 40 and 65 kA
£ 25ns response time
System : 1. Type Fixed / Monoblock (DIN Rail): Type PF
2. Type Plug In / Draw out (DIN Rail): Type of PRD

We also sell brand OBO arresters with the physical form as shown below:

Arrester OBO have slightly different characteristics with Merlin Gerin, especially in terms of value Maximum Surge Current. Maximum surge current capability is the maximum surge current capability of each block multiplied by the number of blocks, is because the arrester can be strung together obo itself in accordance with needs. (1 phase, 3 phase, or with neutral)

ACB (Air Circuit Breaker)

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Fri, 29 Apr 2011 17:38:00 +0700

ACB Is Air Circuit Breaker.

Masterpact, reliability

Masterpact, withdrawable

630 s / d 6300 A
Ics = 100% ICU

5 levels of performance
N1: standard performance
H1: high performance
H2: very high performance
H3: very high performance + high level of discrimination
L1: current limiter

Optimal dimensions
- 1 frame size for Masterpact NT, power circuit breaker in the world's smallest
- 2 frame size for Masterpact NW

ELCB / RCCB (Residual Current Circuit Breaker)

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Fri, 29 Apr 2011 10:34:00 +0700

How to secure the human and equipment?

Did you know that 30% of power disturbances on the installation is not caused by overload or short circuit, but due to disruption of isolation? Equipment and wiring insulation is bad, or used the wrong tool can cause damage to equipment (fire) and humans (death).

The risk of fire.
The main result of the interference current through the conductors or other equipment is not expected to receive a stream is an abnormal increase in temperature. High temperatures can cause damage to the cable or even a spark of fire in the material, then burned.

The risk of death

This occurs in humans and is also called "Electrocution". Electrocution is the flow of current to the human body, and very dangerous. Two current flow damage vital body functions : respiration and heart rate. The study states the risk scale based on two factors : the rated current and duration of contacts.

Type of protection provided by the device leakage current
Leakage current devices provide two kinds of security :

Human Safety :

Direct contact

Occurs when a man holding a straight wire or cable-voltage phase. Safeguards against the risk of direct contact can be:

- Phase voltage cable insulation
- Crib panels, etc.

But however it is recommended that any additional security, in other words using the device leakage current to prevent the risk of electric entry into the human body. To that end, the IEC standard has now been set mounting device leakage current with a sensitivity of 30 mA if human security is needed. (Sockets, electrical installations etc. bathroom.). Where leakage current device will automatically trip if the detected leakage current exceeds the threshold of 30 mA.

Indirect Contact

Occurs when people hold the metal part of voltage due to insulation failure. The amount of leakage current depends on the leak resistance and neutral connection. Leakage current will return to the source through security or through the earth conductor. Therefore, the device leakage current with a sensitivity of 30 mA is highly recommended as a safety net of indirect contacts,

Safety Equipment
It is known that the flow of 500mA at two points of contact of two adjacent metal-voltage can cause a spark. Whatever the grounding system is used for security against fire must be equipped with security sensitivity: IDN <300 mA.

How to choose a ELCB?

To select the device leakage current, which must be considered is the function of each of these devices the leakage current.

ELCB (Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker)

This product has only one function, to detect leakage current. There is no safety thermal and magnetic ELCB must be protected from short circuit by the MCB upper side. ELCB should not be installed if possible exceed 6kA short circuit. ELCB can be combined with the tool (auxiliary) such as: OFS, MX, MN that provide long-distance signaling and trip distance. ELCB trip has its own mechanism and can also be operated manually like a switch. This tool is used if the security necessary leakage current at the maximum circuit group consists of 4 circuits. To select the device leakage current, which must be considered is the function of each of these devices the leakage current.

MCCB (Moulded Case Circuit Breaker)

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Fri, 29 Apr 2011 09:55:00 +0700

MCCB is a medium voltage circuit breakers. In choosing a circuit breaker things to consider are:

- Characteristics of the system where the circuit breaker is installed.
- The need for continuity of service power source.
- The rules and standards in force protection.

Characteristics of system

System voltage
Operational voltage of the circuit breaker must be greater or equal to the minimum system voltage.

Frequency system
Rated frequency of the circuit breaker harussesuai with system frequency. Merlin Gerin circuit breaker can operate at a frequency of 50 or 60 Hz. For applications at a frequency of 400 Hz please contact us.

Rated current
Rated current of the circuit breaker to be adjusted to the size of the load current which is passed by cable, and must be smaller than the permitted threshold currents through the cable.

Breaking capacity
Breaking capacity of circuit breaker must be at least equal to the prospective short circuit current that might occur at a point where the installation of circuit breaker is installed
Number of pole of circuit breaker

Number of pole from the circuit breaker is dependent on the grounding system from the system.

Continuity needs resources
Depending on the need for continuity of service level power source, in choosing a circuit breaker must be considered:

Discrimination breakaer total of two circuits which are placed in series

Discrimination limited (in part), discrimination is only guaranteed until the level

Certain fault current.

The rules and standards of protection
The rules that apply electrical installations such as PUIL must be observed and obeyed. The standards referred to both local standards and international standards must be considered as SPLN, IEC 60947-2. For other specifications that refer to other standards or specific applications and specific, please contact us

MCB (Miniature Circuit Breaker)

noreply@blogger.com (Penulis.kecil) — Thu, 28 Apr 2011 19:07:00 +0700

MCB is an electrical circuit breaker equipment at an electric power system, which is able to open and close the electrical circuit in all conditions, including short circuit, according to the rating. Also on the normal stress condition or not normal. Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) in design with main functions to:

Secure the cable against overload and short circuit current.
Pass more current without heating.
Open and close a circuit under rated current.

Miniature SELECTION CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCB)

Selection of circuit breaker is determined by several things:

1. Standards

- SPLN 108 / SLI 175, when used by general users (residential installations - low breaking capacity)

- IEC 60947-2, when used by experts (industrial applications - High breaking capacity)

2. Capacity termination

Capacity termination of a circuit breaker must be greater than short circuit on the circuit breaker titikinstalasi where they are installed. In line diagram of a system, it is advisable to also mention the large capacity of termination in addition to the rated current of the circuit breaker is used.

3. Current ratings

Circuit breaker rated current must be adjusted to the size of the load current is passed cable and smaller than the allowable flow on the cable.

4. Voltage

Rated operational voltage circuit breaker must be greater than or equal to the voltage system.

5. Number of poles

6. The trip curve (curve C or D curve)

Determining the large magnetic trip to the rated current.

7. Frequency system

8. Application load

This type of cable that is secured, copper or aluminum.