• CCD via SAF :: Overview (29m)
• CCD via SAF :: CUCM Inter-Cluster Call Routing (1h 32m)
• CCD via SAF :: CUCM Call Routing with PSTN Failover (29m)
• CCD via SAF :: CUCM Call Routing during SRST Fallback (48m)
• CCD via SAF :: CUCM to CME Call Routing (54m)
• CCD via SAF :: Inter-Cluster RSVP via SIP Preconditions (21m)

Related Posts

I’ll post an update once the video is available. Additionally I’ll publish the diagrams, initial configurations and some lab scenarios with final configuration so you can follow along with the video.

Lastly I’ll ensure that this video is made available to our customers free of charge. Unlike some vendors who want to nickel and dime you to death by charging you for material that should be included in their main products, I’m going to ensure if you’re an INE customer you get access to the video free of charge.

R&S CCIE Workbook Updates:
We are in the process of testing out a few options to move the workbooks away from a traditional MS Word document format for authoring and PDF for the final product release. This legacy format makes it hard to make even the smallest change without becoming a major project. We are looking into switching over to a web based format (i.e. wikipedia style) that will allow for a faster updating process and better overall reader experience. We will still offer the PDFs for offline viewing and printing but the latest version will always be available through your members site account. By moving it to the web you will be able to optimize and customize your flow through the products. My personal goal is to move away from a separate product model (R&S Vol I, Vol II, ATC Videos, Mock Labs, etc, etc, etc) to a single all encompassing product (workbook and videos) by the end of 2012.

New Troubleshooting labs for Volume II are going to be in beta starting in June with final release by the end of June. We’re updating the configuration labs after the TS labs are released. The new Volume III will be released starting this week. I’m working on some changes to the Volume I workbook and hoping to start releasing them next month also.

R&S CCIE Rack Updates:
We’re currently using the Cisco 360 topology for my live bootcamps and will start to rent out the racks to customers in June when I’m not running a live bootcamp. The topology is identical using all ISRs (1841, 2811, 3825) and four 3560s but the material is 100% INE’s. Additionally the traditional INE R&S topology will be updated to remove the 2600XMs and consolidate the backbone routers starting in June. Not much will change other than the Serial interfaces on R1 and R2 from S0/0 and S0/1 to S0/0/0 and S0/1/0. All R&S rack rentals will also move to a 3 hour rental block as opposed to the standard 6 hour block. This will allow for more flexible starting and ending times.

R&S CCIE Troubleshooting Bootcamp and Racks:
I’m running the first R&S CCIE Troubleshooting bootcamp the following week here in Bellevue. We have 14 dedicated Troubleshooting racks each using 27 1841s, 1 2811 (FRS) and 4 3550s. You will be able to rent these racks in June in 3 hour blocks and access the same lab material that is used in the Troubleshooting live bootcamp. We will also be beta testing instantaneous grading for them in late June/early July.

Lastly I would like to once again extend the invitation out to any former student who attended an INE bootcamp that wasn’t taught by me to reseat one of my bootcamps. Contact Jeremy Brown at jbrown@ine.com or myself directly.

BGP Router Identifier

For BGP sessions between neighbors to be established, BGP must be assigned a router ID. The router ID is sent to BGP peers in the OPEN message when a BGP session is established.

BGP attempts to obtain a router ID in the following ways (in order of preference):

• By means of the address configured using the bgp router-id command in router configuration mode.
• By using the highest IPv4 address on a loopback interface in the system if the router is booted with saved loopback address configuration.
• By using the primary IPv4 address of the first loopback address that gets configured if there are not any in the saved configuration.

If none of these methods for obtaining a router ID succeeds, BGP does not have a router ID and cannot establish any peering sessions with BGP neighbors. In such an instance, an error message is entered in the system log, and the show bgp summary command displays a router ID of 0.0.0.0.

After BGP has obtained a router ID, it continues to use it even if a better router ID becomes available. This usage avoids unnecessary flapping for all BGP sessions. However, if the router ID currently in use becomes invalid (because the interface goes down or its configuration is changed), BGP selects a new router ID (using the rules described) and all established peering sessions are reset.

Since XR2 in this case does not have a Loopback configured, the BGP process cannot initialize.  The kicker with this problem is that the documentation states that when this problem occurs you should see that “an error message is entered in the system log”, however in this case a Syslog was not generated about the error.  At least this is the last time this problem will bite me

Today while working on additional content for our CCIE Service Provider Version 3.0 Lab Workbook I had one of those epic brain fart moments.  What started off as work on (what I thought was) a fairly simply design ended up as a 2 hour troubleshooting rabbit hole of rolling back config snippets one by one, debugging, and basically overall misery that can be perfectly summed up by this GIF of a guy smashing his head against his keyboard.

The scenario in question was a BGP peering between two IOS XR routers.  One was the PE of an MPLS L3VPN network and one was the CE.  As I’ve done this config literally hundreds of times in the past I could not for the life of me figure out why the BGP peering would not establish.  The relevant snippet of the topology diagram is as follows:

Since this scenario caused me so much pleasure I am offering 100 tokens good for CCIE Service Provider Version 3.0 Rack Rentals - or any of our other Routing & Switching rack rentals & mock labs, Security rack rentals, or Voice rack rentals – to whoever the first person is that can tell me why did these neighbors not establish a BGP peering.  The relevant outputs needed to troubleshoot the problem can be found below.  I still haven’t decided whether I’m going to leave this problem in the workbook or not since it’s such a mean one  Good luck!

RP/0/0/CPU0:XR1#show run

Fri May 11 00:34:38.563 UTC
Building configuration...
!! IOS XR Configuration 3.9.1
!! Last configuration change at Fri May 11 00:32:50 2012 by xr1
!
hostname XR1
username xr1
 group root-lr
 password 7 13061E010803
!
vrf ABC
 address-family ipv4 unicast
  import route-target
   26:65001
  !
  export route-target
   26:65001
  !
 !
!
line console
 exec-timeout 0 0
!
ipv4 access-list PE_ROUTERS
 10 permit ipv4 host 1.1.1.1 any
 20 permit ipv4 host 2.2.2.2 any
 30 permit ipv4 host 5.5.5.5 any
 40 permit ipv4 host 19.19.19.19 any
!
interface Loopback0
 ipv4 address 19.19.19.19 255.255.255.255
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1/0/0
 ipv4 address 172.19.10.19 255.255.255.0
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1/0/1
 ipv4 address 26.3.19.19 255.255.255.0
!
interface POS0/6/0/0
 vrf ABC
 ipv4 address 10.19.20.19 255.255.255.0
!
route-policy PASS
  pass
end-policy
!
router isis 1
 is-type level-2-only
 net 49.0001.0000.0000.0019.00
 address-family ipv4 unicast
  mpls ldp auto-config
 !
 interface Loopback0
  passive
  address-family ipv4 unicast
  !
 !
 interface GigabitEthernet0/1/0/1
  point-to-point
  hello-password hmac-md5 encrypted 022527722E
  address-family ipv4 unicast
  !
 !
!
router bgp 26
 address-family ipv4 unicast
 !
 ! address-family ipv4 unicast
 address-family vpnv4 unicast
 !
 neighbor-group PE_ROUTERS
  remote-as 26
  update-source Loopback0
  address-family vpnv4 unicast
  !
 !
 neighbor 1.1.1.1
  use neighbor-group PE_ROUTERS
 !
 neighbor 2.2.2.2
  use neighbor-group PE_ROUTERS
 !
 neighbor 5.5.5.5
  use neighbor-group PE_ROUTERS
 !
 vrf ABC
  rd 26:65001
  address-family ipv4 unicast
  !
  neighbor 10.19.20.20
   remote-as 65001
   address-family ipv4 unicast
    route-policy PASS in
    route-policy PASS out
    as-override
   !
  !
 !
!
mpls ldp
 label
  allocate for PE_ROUTERS
 !
!
end

RP/0/0/CPU0:XR1#

RP/0/3/CPU0:XR2#show run 

Fri May 11 00:35:04.932 UTC
Building configuration...
!! IOS XR Configuration 3.9.1
!! Last configuration change at Fri May 11 00:30:30 2012 by xr2
!
hostname XR2
logging console debugging
username xr2
 group root-lr
 password 7 00071A150754
!
cdp
line console
 exec-timeout 0 0
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/4/0/0
 ipv4 address 10.20.20.20 255.255.255.0
 ipv6 address 2001:10:20:20::20/64
!
interface POS0/7/0/0
 ipv4 address 10.19.20.20 255.255.255.0
 ipv6 address 2001:10:19:20::20/64
!
route-policy PASS
  pass
end-policy
!
router bgp 65001
 address-family ipv4 unicast
 !
 neighbor 10.19.20.19
  remote-as 26
  address-family ipv4 unicast
   route-policy PASS in
   route-policy PASS out
  !
 !
!
end

RP/0/3/CPU0:XR2#

RP/0/0/CPU0:XR1#show bgp vrf ABC ipv4 unicast summary 
Fri May 11 00:34:29.712 UTC
BGP VRF ABC, state: Active
BGP Route Distinguisher: 26:65001
VRF ID: 0x60000002
BGP router identifier 19.19.19.19, local AS number 26
BGP table state: Active
Table ID: 0xe0000002
BGP main routing table version 1

BGP is operating in STANDALONE mode.

Process       RcvTblVer   bRIB/RIB   LabelVer  ImportVer  SendTblVer  StandbyVer
Speaker               1          1          1          1           1           1

Neighbor        Spk    AS MsgRcvd MsgSent   TblVer  InQ OutQ  Up/Down  St/PfxRcd
10.19.20.20       0 65001       2       7        0    0    0 00:03:59 Idle

RP/0/3/CPU0:XR2#show bgp ipv4 unicast summary

Fri May 11 00:35:02.278 UTC
BGP router identifier 0.0.0.0, local AS number 65001
BGP generic scan interval 60 secs
BGP table state: Active
Table ID: 0xe0000000
BGP main routing table version 1
BGP scan interval 60 secs

BGP is operating in STANDALONE mode.

Process       RcvTblVer   bRIB/RIB   LabelVer  ImportVer  SendTblVer  StandbyVer
Speaker               1          1          1          1           1           1

Neighbor        Spk    AS MsgRcvd MsgSent   TblVer  InQ OutQ  Up/Down  St/PfxRcd
10.19.20.19       0    26       2       2        0    0    0 00:04:31 Active

RP/0/0/CPU0:XR1#show bgp vrf ABC ipv4 unicast neighbors 
Fri May 11 00:34:18.708 UTC

BGP neighbor is 10.19.20.20, vrf ABC
 Remote AS 65001, local AS 26, external link
 Remote router ID 0.0.0.0
  BGP state = Idle
  Last read 00:00:00, Last read before reset 00:04:10
  Hold time is 180, keepalive interval is 60 seconds
  Configured hold time: 180, keepalive: 60, min acceptable hold time: 3
  Last write 00:00:15, attempted 53, written 53
  Second last write 00:01:01, attempted 53, written 53
  Last write before reset 00:04:10, attempted 72, written 72
  Second last write before reset 00:04:15, attempted 53, written 53
  Last write pulse rcvd  May 11 00:34:02.927 last full not set pulse count 9
  Last write pulse rcvd before reset 00:04:10
  Socket not armed for io, not armed for read, not armed for write
  Last write thread event before reset 00:04:10, second last 00:04:10
  Last KA expiry before reset 00:00:00, second last 00:00:00
  Last KA error before reset 00:00:00, KA not sent 00:00:00
  Last KA start before reset 00:00:00, second last 00:00:00
  Precedence: internet
  Enforcing first AS is enabled
  Received 2 messages, 0 notifications, 0 in queue
  Sent 7 messages, 0 notifications, 0 in queue
  Minimum time between advertisement runs is 0 secs

 For Address Family: IPv4 Unicast
  BGP neighbor version 0
  Update group: 0.2
  Route refresh request: received 0, sent 0
  Policy for incoming advertisements is PASS
  Policy for outgoing advertisements is PASS
  0 accepted prefixes, 0 are bestpaths
  Cumulative no. of prefixes denied: 0.
  Prefix advertised 0, suppressed 0, withdrawn 0
  Maximum prefixes allowed 524288
  Threshold for warning message 75%, restart interval 0 min
  AS override is set
  An EoR was not received during read-only mode
  Last ack version 0, Last synced ack version 0
  Outstanding version objects: current 0, max 0

  Connections established 1; dropped 1
  Local host: 10.19.20.19, Local port: 19432
  Foreign host: 10.19.20.20, Foreign port: 179
  Last reset 00:00:15, due to Peer closing down the session
  Peer reset reason: Remote closed the session (Connection timed out)
  Time since last notification sent to neighbor: 00:02:11
  Error Code: administrative shutdown
  Notification data sent:
    None

RP/0/3/CPU0:XR2#show bgp ipv4 unicast neighbors 

Fri May 11 00:34:58.427 UTC

BGP neighbor is 10.19.20.19
 Remote AS 26, local AS 65001, external link
 Remote router ID 0.0.0.0
  BGP state = Active
  Last read 00:00:00, Last read before reset 00:04:50
  Hold time is 180, keepalive interval is 60 seconds
  Configured hold time: 180, keepalive: 60, min acceptable hold time: 3
  Last write 00:04:50, attempted 19, written 19
  Second last write 00:04:50, attempted 53, written 53
  Last write before reset 00:04:50, attempted 19, written 19
  Second last write before reset 00:04:50, attempted 53, written 53
  Last write pulse rcvd  May 11 00:30:08.305 last full not set pulse count 4
  Last write pulse rcvd before reset 00:04:50
  Socket not armed for io, not armed for read, not armed for write
  Last write thread event before reset 00:04:50, second last 00:04:50
  Last KA expiry before reset 00:00:00, second last 00:00:00
  Last KA error before reset 00:00:00, KA not sent 00:00:00
  Last KA start before reset 00:04:50, second last 00:00:00
  Precedence: internet
  Enforcing first AS is enabled
  Received 2 messages, 0 notifications, 0 in queue
  Sent 2 messages, 0 notifications, 0 in queue
  Minimum time between advertisement runs is 30 secs

 For Address Family: IPv4 Unicast
  BGP neighbor version 0
  Update group: 0.2
  Route refresh request: received 0, sent 0
  Policy for incoming advertisements is PASS
  Policy for outgoing advertisements is PASS
  0 accepted prefixes, 0 are bestpaths
  Cumulative no. of prefixes denied: 0.
  Prefix advertised 0, suppressed 0, withdrawn 0
  Maximum prefixes allowed 524288
  Threshold for warning message 75%, restart interval 0 min
  An EoR was not received during read-only mode
  Last ack version 0, Last synced ack version 0
  Outstanding version objects: current 0, max 0

  Connections established 1; dropped 1
  Local host: 10.19.20.20, Local port: 60056
  Foreign host: 10.19.20.19, Foreign port: 179
  Last reset 00:02:27, due to Interface flap
  Time since last notification sent to neighbor: 00:05:07
  Error Code: administrative reset
  Notification data sent:
    None

Currently each session costs 20 tokens, and each session is 3 hours long. If you purchase tokens in bulk this basically means that SPv3 rack time is around $3 per hour. Token based sessions start on Monday May 7th. People who booked beta sessions before this time (i.e. through Sunday) will still maintain their free sessions. Anyone who booked a beta session on Monday May 7th or later has had your session removed. You can of course add them back through the scheduler, but the sessions are no longer free to book after the end of this weekend.

A brief video on how to use the new scheduling system and SPv3 Rack Rentals is available here.

We’re continuing to add functionality to the new scheduler and its control panel, which includes choosing a config to pre-load before a session starts via the control panel, remote power control via the control panel, loading product configs, saving your current configs, renaming your previously saved configs, downloading your previously saved configs, and re-loading your previously saved configs onto a current session or session scheduled in the future.

If anyone runs into any problems with the scheduler or any of its features please submit feedback so we can get these issues addressed as soon as possible.

Thanks and good luck in your studies!

• 2 Year All Access Pass (access to all of our videos)
• 1500 Tokens for Rack Rentals or Mock Labs Exams
• CCIE Lab Exam Voucher (value $1500 to $1800)
• Complete Set of CCIE Workbooks
• Live Onsite 10-Day Bootcamp Seat

In addition to the 10 scholarships that INE is awarding I’m going to personally award 8 more that I will pay for out of my own pocket (basically the CCIE lab exam vouchers worth at least $12,000). Some people in the industry like to talk about helping others but I’m going to put my money where my mouth is This means there will be a total of 18 CCIE scholarships given away in 2012 by INE worth nearly $250,000.

Since INE has been so successful over the years helping people become CCIE’s and making INC 5000′s list of Fastest Growing Educational companies last year and will again this year, it’s vitally important that we give back to the community that has continued to make INE the leading CCIE training company in the industry. It’s important for any company in the education business to always balance growing the business with helping people and that’s why we are giving back. We try to pass on part of that success by offering free training (CCNA Voice, CCNA R&S, etc), free customized polo shirts when you pass the lab, keeping our pricing low and by offering these scholarships.

To apply for the scholarship you can use the link below:

http://www.ine.com/ccie-scholarship.htm

Good Luck!

Brian Dennis, CCIEx5 #2210 (R&S/ISP-Dial/Security/SP/Voice)
bdennis@ine.com

Internetwork Expert, Inc.

http://www.INE.com

For those of you on mobile platforms the direct link is http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=4DzgoiS9tPI

Additionally a new update has been posted to the CCIE SPv3 Workbook, which now includes the first Full Scale Lab. These updates can be found in the Workbooks tab of the members site, as seen in the above video.

Today we’ll look at the 2nd video in that series (video #54) from our current 62-hour CCNP Voice v8 bootcamp.

• CCD via SAF :: Overview (29m)
• CCD via SAF :: CUCM Inter-Cluster Call Routing (1h 32m)
• CCD via SAF :: CUCM Call Routing with PSTN Failover (29m)
• CCD via SAF :: CUCM Call Routing during SRST Fallback (48m)
• CCD via SAF :: CUCM to CME Call Routing (54m)
• CCD via SAF :: Inter-Cluster RSVP via SIP Preconditions (21m)

Related Posts

Another thing that Cisco is making free (at least for some limited time) is their WebEx Meetings Beta offering – for up to 25 participants. This includes desktop sharing and VoIP as well. Sign up here.

Also of no small merit, Cisco just shipped its 50 millionth phone – that’s 50,000,000 phones shipped. I still remember putting in my first Selsius Call Manager more than 13 years ago. Not bad Cisco, not bad at all.