All Placement Papers,Technical, Non-Technical Interview Questions

Abstract Factory Design Pattern

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sat, 05 Nov 2011 13:26:00 +0000

Abstract Factory - Offers the interface for creating a family of related objects, without explicitly specifying their classes.

Factory Method Common usage

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Thu, 03 Nov 2011 13:17:00 +0000

Along with singleton pattern the factories are the most used patterns. Almost any application has some factories. Here are a some examples:
- factories providing an xml parser: javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory or javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory

Factory Method pattern When to use

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Wed, 02 Nov 2011 13:17:00 +0000

Factory Method pattern should be used when:
- a framework delegate the creation of objects derived from a common superclass to the factory
- the base factory class does not know what concrete classes will be required to create - delegates to its subclasses the creation of concrete objects
- factory subclasses subclasses are aware of the concrete classes that must be instantiated

Factory method pattern, compared to Factory pattern replace the factory with an abstract class and a set of concrete factories subclasses. The subclasses are responsible for creating concrete product objects; for factory method is possible adding new product classes without changing the abstract factory. The same result can be achieved for simplified factory pattern if reflection is used.

Factory Method Design Pattern

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 13:16:00 +0000

Defines an interface for creating objects, but let subclasses to decide which class to instantiate and Refers to the newly created object through a common interface.

Factory Design pattern common usage

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Mon, 31 Oct 2011 13:11:00 +0000

Common Usage

Along with singleton pattern the factory is one of the most used patterns. Almost any application has some factories. Here are a some examples in java:
- factories providing an xml parser: javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory or javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory
- java.net.URLConnection - allows users to decide which protocol to use

Factory pattern When to Use

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sun, 30 Oct 2011 13:08:00 +0000

Factory pattern should be used when: - a framework delegate the creation of objects derived from a common superclass to the factory - we need flexibility in adding new types of objects that must be created by the class

Singleton Design Pattern Common Usage

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sat, 29 Oct 2011 13:06:00 +0000

There are many common situations when singleton pattern is used:
- Logger Classes
- Configuration Classes
- Accesing resources in shared mode
- Other design patterns implemented as Singletons: Factories and Abstract Factories, Builder, Prototype

Factory(Simplified version of Factory Method) Design Pattern

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sat, 29 Oct 2011 01:30:00 +0000

Factory(Simplified version of Factory Method) - Creates objects without exposing the instantiation logic to the client andRefers to the newly created object through a common interface.

Singleton pattern how to use

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Fri, 28 Oct 2011 13:05:00 +0000

Singleton pattern should be used when we must ensure that only one instance of a class is created and when the instance must be available through all the code. A special care should be taken in multithreading environments when multible threads must access the same resources throught the same singleton object.

Singleton Design Pattern

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Fri, 28 Oct 2011 13:03:00 +0000

Singleton - Ensure that only one instance of a class is createdand Provide a global access point to the object.

What is Object-oriented design

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Fri, 23 Sep 2011 08:55:00 +0000

Based on objects and their interrelationships
It starts with object types and then explores object attributes and actions.

Our context in this training is to handle Object oriented methodology

What is Data Driven

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Thu, 22 Sep 2011 08:54:00 +0000

The structure of the software system is derived by mapping system inputs to outputs
Determine the data requirements of a business process

What is Structured design

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Wed, 21 Sep 2011 08:54:00 +0000

Structured design is based on functional decomposition
It follows typically from dataflow diagram and associated processes descriptions created as part of Structured Analysis
In structured design we functionally decompose the processes in a large system (as described in DFD) into components (called modules) and organize these components in a hierarchical fashion (structure chart)

What is Software Design Process

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Tue, 20 Sep 2011 08:53:00 +0000

It is a series of activities to be carried out to complete the design task

what are Software design methodologies

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Mon, 19 Sep 2011 08:52:00 +0000

Structured
Data Driven
Object oriented

What are Design process activities

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sun, 18 Sep 2011 08:37:00 +0000

Architectural design
Interface design
Component design
Data structure design
Review
Design documentation
Programming (occasionally)

UML to Work

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sat, 17 Sep 2011 08:35:00 +0000

The ESU University wants to computerize their registration system

The Registrar sets up the curriculum for a semester
One course may have multiple course offerings
Students select 4 primary courses and 2 alternate courses
Once a student registers for a semester, the billing system is notified so the student may be billed for the semester
Students may use the system to add/drop courses for a period of time after registration
Professors use the system to receive their course offering rosters
Users of the registration system are assigned passwords which are used at logon validation

What are levels of Normalization

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Fri, 16 Sep 2011 08:25:00 +0000

The first three levels in normalising a database are:
First Normal Form (1NF): There should be no repeating groups in a table.
Second Normal Form (2NF): No non-key fields may depend on a portion of the primary key.
Third Normal From (3FN): No fields may depend on other non-key fields. In other words, each field in a record should contain information about the entity that is defined by the primary key.

Database design Keys

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Thu, 15 Sep 2011 08:18:00 +0000

Primary key enforce entity integrity by uniquely identifying entity instances

Foreign key enforce referential integrity by completing an association between two entities

Candidate key is an attribute that can be uniquely used to identify a database record (Ex. Social security number in employee table)

Composite Key is combination of more than one attribute which uniquely identify a database record

Unique key is an attribute which can be used to identify a single record

What are Basic Constructs of E-R Model

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Wed, 14 Sep 2011 07:59:00 +0000

Entity
Entity is a data object about which information is to be collected. (ex.EMPLOYEE, PROJECT, INVOICE).
An entity is analogous to a table in the relational model.
Entities are classified as independent or dependent
An independent entity is one that does not rely on another for identification.
A dependent entity is one that relies on another for identification.

What is Normalization

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Tue, 13 Sep 2011 08:24:00 +0000

The process of structuring data to minimize duplication and inconsistencies
The process usually involves breaking down a single table into two or more tables and defining relationships between those tables.

What is Entity-Relationship design Model

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Mon, 12 Sep 2011 07:58:00 +0000

The ER model is a conceptual data model that views the real world as entities and relationships

Difference between Logical and Physical Data Modeling

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sun, 11 Sep 2011 07:21:00 +0000

Logical Data Model:
Entity
Attribute
Primary Key
Alternate Key
Inversion Key Entry
Rule
Relationship

Physical Data Model
Table
Column
Primary Key Constraint
Unique Constraint or Unique Index
Non Unique Index
Check Constraint, Default Value
Foreign Key

Data Modeling Development Cycle

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sat, 10 Sep 2011 07:20:00 +0000

Phase-1 : Gathering Business Requirements
Phase-2: Conceptual Data Modeling (CDM).
Phase-3: Logical Data Modeling (LDM).
Phase 4: Physical Data Modeling (PDM).
Phase 5: DB design

What is Anti design pattern

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sat, 10 Sep 2011 07:15:00 +0000

A pattern that tells how to go from a problem to a bad solution
Looks like a good idea, but which backfires badly when applied
A pattern that tells how to go from a bad solution to a good solution