KorCuLang

Unit 1 Lesson 3: Korean Diphthongs: Complex Vowels

2020-02-28T00:55:00.000-08:00

In the previous lesson, you learned some more letters in the Korean alphabet. You also saw some crazy tables that presented some Korean syllables that we made by matching up Korean consonants and vowels. You may have noticed that this page is “wider” than a normal page here. Why is it like this? Well, we have an even crazier table to show you in this lesson, and we need all the space we can get.

In this final lesson of Unit 0, you will learn the remaining vowels that you will need to be able to read Korean. Most of these letters are called “diphthongs” – which is just a fancy way of saying that there are two vowels in one. After learning these final letters, you will be able to apply these letters to words and start learning simple sentences and grammatical formations.

Luckily, all of the letters you will learn in this lesson are based off vowels that you have already studied. You should remember these letters from before:

ㅏ = a
ㅓ = eo
ㅜ = u
ㅗ = o

There are four more vowels that we can make by adding one extra line to each of the previous vowels. By adding this extra line, a ‘Y’ sound gets added to each vowel:

ㅑ = ya
ㅕ = yeo
ㅠ = yu
ㅛ = yo

If we were to make some syllables with these new vowels, they would look like this:
약 = yak
역 = yeok
육 = yuk
욕 = yok

Two more common vowels are:

ㅐ = ae (a combination of ㅏ and ㅣ)
ㅔ = e (a combination of ㅓ and ㅣ)

Though these two vowels have different Romanizations, they sound identical to one another. They both sound like “eigh” in “weigh”

Officially (and historically), the pronunciation of ㅐ is different than ㅔ. Ask a Korean to pronounce them for you, and you will hear two identical sounds. Ask a Korean person if there is a difference in their sounds, they will say that they sound identical. Ask a Korean language teacher to pronounce them, and you will hear two identical sounds. Ask a Korean language teacher if there is a difference in their sounds, they will say that a long time ago there used to be a distinction between the two, but this has disappeared from contemporary Korean pronunciation. For all practical purposes, especially for a foreigner learning Korean, the sounds are identical.

If we were to make syllables with these new letters, they would look like this:

배 = bae (sounds like bay)
베 = be (also sounds like bay)

Here is an audio file with a Korean person pronouncing “ㅐ” with starting consonants:
PLAY 애, 배, 재, 대, 개, 새, 매, 내, 해, 래

Here is an audio file with a Korean pronouncing “ㅔ” with starting consonants:
PLAY 에, 베, 제, 데, 게, 세, 메, 네, 헤, 레

(Yes, it’s exactly the same file. As I said, ㅐ and ㅔ sound exactly the same).

The remaining vowels to study are all composed of adding two vowels together to make a sound. The pronunciation for each of these is simply the sound of putting the two vowels together. For example:

ㅜ + ㅣ = ㅟ = wi (example: 쥐)
위, 뷔, 쥐, 뒤, 귀, 쉬, 뉘

ㅜ + ㅓ = ㅝ = wo (example: 원)
워, 붜, 줘, 둬, 궈, 숴, 눠

ㅗ + ㅣ = ㅚ = oe (sounds like “way”) (example: 외국 = waygook)
외, 뵈, 죄, 되, 괴, 쇠, 뇌

ㅗ + ㅏ = ㅘ = wa (example: 완)
와, 봐, 좌, 돠, 과, 솨, 놔

ㅡ + ㅣ = ㅢ = ui (example: 의)
의, 븨, 즤, 듸, 긔, 싀, 늬

ㅕ + ㅣ = ㅖ = ye (예)
예, 계, 혜

Notice that when one of these “double vowels” is used the first consonant of the syllable is added on top of the horizontally aligned letter and to the left of the vertically aligned letter at the same time. For example:

쥐, 의, 와, 괴

When there is no horizontally aligned vowel, the first consonant simply goes to the left of the vertically aligned vowel. For example:

배, 네, 예

In addition, there are three more of these types of vowels, but they are much less common than the any of the letters already taught. Of course, you should know these letters, but worry more about the other letters first:

ㅙ = wae (the most common of the three, it is most commonly seen in the word 왜 – meaning “why”). For example:

왜

ㅒ = yae (most commonly seen in the word “얘기하다” – meaning “to talk with”). For example: 얘

ㅞ = we (probably the most uncommon letter in Korean. I know 8000 words in Korean, and this letter is only in 3 of the words that I know. Most commonly in the word 웨딩 – meaning “wedding”). For example: 웨

In this lesson, you learned 15 more vowels that you can use on top of the 6 other vowels and 19 consonants you learned previously. The following table will show you all of the Korean consonants and vowels, and how they can pair up to form syllables without the use of a third consonant.

Keep in mind that, as you move towards the right of this table (specifically the bottom right), the constructions become less and less common. Also keep in mind that (almost) every one of the examples shown below could also be matched up with a final consonant. Only a crazy man would want to see all of those possibilities.

Again, the whole point of showing you this table is just so you can be familiar with formation of syllables – and in no way do I recommend memorizing them.

ㅣ

ㅏ

ㅓ

ㅡ

ㅜ

ㅗ

ㅑ

ㅕ

ㅠ

ㅛ

ㅐ

ㅔ

ㅟ

ㅝ

ㅚ

ㅘ

ㅢ

ㅖ

ㅙ

ㅒ

ㅞ

ㅂ

비

바

버

브

부

보

뱌

벼

뷰

뵤

배

베

뷔

붜

뵈

봐

븨

볘

봬

뱨

붸

ㅈ

지

자

저

즈

주

조

쟈

져

쥬

죠

재

제

쥐

줘

죄

좌

즤

졔

좨

쟤

줴

ㄷ

디

다

더

드

두

도

댜

뎌

듀

됴

대

데

뒤

둬

되

돠

듸

뎨

돼

댸

뒈

ㄱ

기

가

거

그

구

고

갸

겨

규

교

개

게

귀

궈

괴

과

긔

계

괘

걔

궤

ㅅ

시

사

서

스

수

소

샤

셔

슈

쇼

새

세

쉬

숴

쇠

솨

싀

셰

쇄

섀

쉐

ㅁ

미

마

머

므

무

모

먀

며

뮤

묘

매

메

뮈

뭐

뫼

뫄

믜

몌

뫠

먜

뭬

ㄴ

니

나

너

느

누

노

냐

녀

뉴

뇨

내

네

뉘

눠

뇌

놔

늬

녜

놰

냬

눼

ㅎ

히

하

허

흐

후

호

햐

혀

휴

효

해

헤

휘

훠

회

화

희

혜

홰

햬

훼

ㄹ

리

라

러

르

루

로

랴

려

류

료

래

레

뤼

뤄

뢰

롸

릐

례

뢔

럐

뤠

ㅇ

이

아

어

으

우

오

야

여

유

요

애

에

위

워

외

와

의

예

왜

얘

웨

ㄲ

끼

까

꺼

끄

꾸

꼬

꺄

껴

뀨

꾜

깨

께

뀌

꿔

꾀

꽈

끠

꼐

꽤

꺠

꿰

ㅋ

키

카

커

크

쿠

코

캬

켜

큐

쿄

캐

케

퀴

쿼

쾨

콰

킈

켸

쾌

컈

퀘

ㅃ

삐

빠

뻐

쁘

뿌

뽀

뺘

뼈

쀼

뾰

빼

뻬

쀠

뿨

뾔

뽜

쁴

뼤

뽸

뺴

쀄

ㅍ

피

파

퍼

프

푸

포

퍄

펴

퓨

표

패

페

퓌

풔

푀

퐈

픠

폐

퐤

퍠

풰

ㅉ

찌

짜

쩌

쯔

쭈

쪼

쨔

쪄

쮸

쬬

째

쩨

쮜

쭤

쬐

쫘

쯰

쪠

쫴

쨰

쮀

ㅊ

치

차

처

츠

추

초

챠

쳐

츄

쵸

채

체

취

춰

최

촤

츼

쳬

쵀

챼

췌

ㄸ

띠

따

떠

뜨

뚜

또

땨

뗘

뜌

뚀

때

떼

뛰

뚸

뙤

똬

띄

뗴

뙈

떄

뛔

ㅌ

티

타

터

트

투

토

탸

텨

튜

툐

태

테

튀

퉈

퇴

톼

틔

톄

퇘

턔

퉤

ㅆ

씨

싸

써

쓰

쑤

쏘

쌰

쎠

쓔

쑈

쌔

쎄

쒸

쒀

쐬

쏴

씌

쎼

쐐

썌

쒜

In addition to everything you have learned in these first three lessons, it is also possible for a syllable to have four letters: one vowel and three consonants. This additional consonant gets added as the third consonant in a syllable. Using the same description and image that you learned in Lesson 1, these syllables essentially look like this:

If the vowel being used in these cases is horizontally aligned, (ㅡ, ㅜ,ㅗ, ㅠ, ㅛ),the syllable looks like the structure on the left. If the vowel being used is vertically aligned (ㅣ, ㅓ, ㅏ, ㅕ, ㅑ), the syllable looks like the structure on the right. In either case though, notice that the third consonant simply gets placed beside the second consonant. While technically possible to use more complicated vowels (ㅝ, ㅘ, ㅢ, etc…) I can’t think of any words that actually have syllables with a third consonant and a complicated vowel. The only reason I say “technically possible” is because the computer allows me to type these syllables. So, while technically possible, they are either not used or very rarely used. Most of the time, when a word has a fourth letter, the vowels are one of the following: ㅣ, ㅡ, ㅓ, ㅏ, ㅗ, ㅜ.

Five of the most common examples of this fourth letter in use for a beginner are:

닭 = chicken

앉다 = to sit

읽다 = to read

없다 = to not have

긁다 = to scratch

Pronouncing syllables that contain this fourth letter is slightly more complicated. The pronunciation of these syllables with this fourth letter is different depending on if the upcoming syllable starts with a vowel or a consonant. Explaining this is beyond the scope of this lesson, but will be discussed in the Pronunciation Lesson of this Unit.

Also note that this “fourth letter” does not refer to the complicated vowels (ㅘ, ㅝ, ㅐ, ㅚ, ㅞ, etc…). These letters should be thought of as one letter. Therefore, if you see the syllable: “관” – there are only three letters: ㄱ + ㅘ + ㄴ. The “fourth letter” refers to the addition of a third consonant.

Also, the “double” consonants you learned in the previous lesson (ㅆ, ㄲ, ㅃ, ㄸ) should also be thought of as one letter. Therefore, if you see the syllable: “있” – there are only three letters: ㅇ + ㅣ + ㅆ. A fourth letter will never be added on to a double consonant.

That’s it! You’re finished! Congratulations, you can now read Korean!

Why not try making some more syllables now that you know all of the letters in the Korean alphabet. The more you practice, the faster you will be able to recognize the letters later on.

In the meantime, because you don’t know any words, but you do know how to read, here is a small list of words in Korean that are actually English words. They are all words that have made their way into the Korean language because of the influence of English. Try to see if you can read each one:

호텔 = hotel

소파 = sofa (notice Korean has no ‘f’ sound)

텔레비전 = television

라디오 = radio

스위치 = switch

게임 = game

쇼핑 = shopping

오렌지 = orange

팀 = team

택시 = taxi

피자 = pizza

햄버거 = hamburger

샤워 = shower

카드 = card

Keep in mind, Korean sound structure is vastly different from English, so sometimes these Korean words sound weird compared to their English counterpart. Eventually you will come to terms with the Korean pronunciation, it just takes practice.

If you want to begin learning words and sentences, move ahead to Unit 2.

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Want to try to create some words using the letters introduced in this lesson?

This YouTube video will prompt you with the Romanization of five Korean words, and you can try to write the Korean version of the word. Once you’re done, I’ll also give you the English translation.

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Unit 1 Lesson 2: More Basic Korean Letters

2020-02-27T07:21:00.000-08:00

Author: howtostudykorean.com

In our previous lesson, we studied the most basic letters in the Korean alphabet. There are still some more letters that you will need to wrap your head around before we go any further. Thankfully, now that you know the basics for making syllables, the rest is just a matter of learning more letters of the alphabet.

The first new letter that you will learn is confusing at first but, again, is something you need memorize before you go any further. Our new letter is: ㅇ
In the previous lesson, you learned that Korean syllables are always written in one of the following ways:

You also learned that number 2 is ALWAYS a vowel and the other numbers are always consonants. Always always always.

This means that Number 1 is always a consonant (as well as Number 3, if there is one). But does that mean that every syllable must start with a consonant?

The answer: Sort of.

When the letter ‘ㅇ’ is placed at Number 1 in the syllable it is silent, and the first sound that is made is the vowel in the Number 2 position. Some examples:

안 = an

운 = un

온 = on

업 = eob

Using this silent letter, we are able to follow the rule that you learned earlier “Number 2 is ALWAYS a vowel”

What makes the letter ‘o’ slightly more tricky is that it makes another sound when placed as Number 3. When placed as Number 3, it has the sound of ‘ng’ as in “walkiNG”. Some examples:

강 = kang

방 = bang

깅 = king

공 = kong

The letter ㅇ can be placed as both Number 1 and 3:

앙 = ang

In addition to that letter, there are some more letters that need to be learned. Luckily, each of the following letters is very similar in appearance and sound to the letters you have already learned. Unfortunately, this usually adds to the confusion for English speakers, because it is very hard to distinguish between two different letters.

I’ll present them in sets:

ㄱ set

ㄱ is the letter you already learned (k)

ㄲ is a new letter. It is two ㄱ’s placed side by side. It sounds very similar to the original ‘ㄱ’ but it is more forced at the beginning of the pronunciation. It is Romanized as ‘kk’

ㅋ is also a new letter, this also sounds very similar to the original ‘ㄱ’ and is Romanized as ‘k’

ㅂ set

ㅂ is the letter you already learned (b)

ㅃ is a new letter. It is two ㅂ’s placed side by side. It sounds very similar to the original ‘ㅂ’ but it is more forced at the beginning of the pronunciation. It is Romanized as ‘bb’

ㅍ is also a new letter, this also sounds very similar to the original ‘ㅂ’ but is Romanized as ‘p.’ It is closer to a ‘p’ in English, but, even in English, B and P are VERY similar (say box and pox and try distinguishing the two)

ㅈ set

ㅈ is the letter you already learned (j)

ㅉ is a new letter. It is two ㅈ’s placed side by side. It sounds very similar to the original ‘ㅈ’ but it is more forced at the beginning of the pronunciation. It is Romanized as ‘jj’

ㅊ is also a new letter, this also sounds very similar to the original ‘ㅈ’ but is Romanized as ‘ch.’ It is closer to a ‘ch’ in English, but, even in English, J and CH are VERY similar (say char and jar and try distinguishing the two)

ㄷ set

ㄷ is the letter you already learned (d)

ㄸ is a new letter. It is two ㄷ’s placed side by side. It sounds very similar to the original ‘ㄷ’ but it is more forced at the beginning of the pronunciation. It is Romanized as ‘dd’

ㅌ is also a new letter, this also sounds very similar to the original ‘ㄷ’ but is Romanized as ‘t’ It is closer to a ‘t’ in English, but, even in English, T and D are VERY similar (say task and dask and try distinguishing the two)

ㅅ set

ㅅ is the letter we already learned (s)

ㅆ is a new letter. It is two ㅅ’s placed side by side. It sounds very similar to the original ‘ㅅ’ but it is more forced at the beginning of the pronunciation. It is Romanized as ‘ss’

As I said earlier, in one way, those new letters are very simple, because they are just building on the letters in which you already know. On the other hand, they add confusion because the new letters sound very similar to the previous ones.

All of the new letters can form syllables just like the letters you learned in Lesson 1. For example:

ㄸ = dd

ㅏ = a

ㅇ = ng

ㅏ is vertically aligned, so if we make a syllable we would write: 땅 (ddang)

ㅌ = t

ㅗ = o

ㅇ = ng

ㅗ is horizontally aligned, so if we make a syllable we would write: 통

The following table, just like the tables presented in the previous lesson will show you how to match up the letters you learned in this lesson to form syllables.

This first table shows you all of these new letters (plus the letters from Lesson 1) without the use of a final consonant.

Again, while it is important to familiarize yourself with construction patterns of these syllables, you do not need to memorize any of them. All of the following can be found in words.

Also, notice that you can listen to each new consonant being pronounced with all of the vowels that you know up to this point.

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	비	바	버	브	부	보
ㅈ	지	자	저	즈	주	조
ㄷ	디	다	더	드	두	도
ㄱ	기	가	거	그	구	고
ㅅ	시	사	서	스	수	소
ㅁ	미	마	머	므	무	모
ㄴ	니	나	너	느	누	노
ㅎ	히	하	허	흐	후	호
ㄹ	리	라	러	르	루	로
ㅇ	이	아	어	으	우	오
ㄲ	끼	까	꺼	끄	꾸	꼬
ㅋ	키	카	커	크	쿠	코
ㅃ	삐	빠	뻐	쁘	뿌	뽀
ㅍ	피	파	퍼	프	푸	포
ㅉ	찌	짜	쩌	쯔	쭈	쪼
ㅊ	치	차	처	츠	추	초
ㄸ	띠	따	떠	뜨	뚜	또
ㅌ	티	타	터	트	투	토
ㅆ	씨	싸	써	쓰	쑤	쏘

Even to somebody who has been learning Korean for years, it is very difficult to distinguish the differences between: ㄱ, ㄲ and ㅋ; ㅈ, ㅉ and ㅊ; ㅂ, ㅃ and ㅍ; ㄷ, ㄸ and ㅌ; and ㅅ and ㅆ. If you have access to a Korean person, ask them to use those letters in words so you can try to get accustomed to distinguishing them. It’s not easy, but doing so is not imperative at this point.

For example, try to distinguish the difference between the following three letters::

ㄱ
ㄲ
ㅋ

While it is fairly easy to distinguish “ㄲ” from the others, ㄱ and ㅋ essentially sound exactly the same.

In the previous lesson, I made multiple tables to present all of the syllable possibilities that could arise from the letters taught in Lesson 1. Now, in Lesson 2, with the addition of 10 more consonants, presenting all possible syllable possibilities would be redundant. Instead, I have created a table that shows all of the consonants and vowels being used with ‘ㅇ’ as the final consonant:

As I did in the first lesson – if a syllable below is a word by itself, it is underlined and highlighted. If you hover your mouse over these words, the English translation will pop up on the screen.

Last letter: ㅇ

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빙	방	벙	븡	붕	봉
ㅈ	징	장	정	증	중	종
ㄷ	딩	당	덩	등	둥	동
ㄱ	깅	강	겅	긍	궁	공
ㅅ	싱	상	성	승	숭	송
ㅁ	밍	망	멍	믕	뭉	몽
ㄴ	닝	낭	넝	능	눙	농
ㅎ	힝	항	헝	흥	훙	홍
ㄹ	링	랑	렁	릉	룽	롱
ㅇ	잉	앙	엉	응	웅	옹
ㄲ	낑	깡	껑	끙	꿍	꽁
ㅋ	킹	캉	컹	킁	쿵	콩
ㅃ	삥	빵	뻥	쁭	뿡	뽕
ㅍ	핑	팡	펑	픙	풍	퐁
ㅉ	찡	짱	쩡	쯩	쭝	쫑
ㅊ	칭	창	청	층	충	총
ㄸ	띵	땅	떵	뜽	뚱	똥
ㅌ	팅	탕	텅	틍	퉁	통
ㅆ	씽	쌍	썽	씅	쑹	쏭

Hopefully you aren’t too confused, because there are still some more letters that you need to know. In the next lesson, you will learn the final letters that you will need to know before studying real words and sentences. Before moving on to the next lesson, you should be able to:

Recognize the new consonants that were taught.
Be able to make syllables by putting together formations of vowels and new consonants.

Continue to the Next Lesson>>

Unit 1 Lesson 1: Korean Word Structure and Basic Letters

2020-02-26T05:50:00.003-08:00

Author: howtostudykorean.com

Note that the letters taught to you in the lessons in this unit are not in alphabetical order. Rather, I am presenting the most simple letters first, and presenting more complex letters later. Unless you plan on attending kindergarten in Korean in the next few weeks, there is no immediate need to learn the alphabetical order. It’s definitely good to know, but for now, you have way more important things to worry about. Nonetheless, here is the actual alphabetical order, which is separated into consonants and vowels:

ㄱ ㄲ ㄴ ㄷ ㄸ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ
ㅃ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅉ ㅊ ㅋ
ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ

ㅏ ㅐ ㅑ ㅒ ㅓ ㅔ ㅕ ㅖ
ㅗ ㅘ ㅙ ㅚ ㅛ ㅜ ㅝ ㅞ
ㅟ ㅠ ㅡ ㅢ ㅣ

I talk about the names of these letters in this lesson.

The following are the first set of Korean consonants that you need to get into your brain. There is no easy way to explain them, you just need to memorize them:

ㄱ= k

ㄴ= n

ㄷ= d

ㄹ=r/l *

ㅁ= m

ㅂ= b

ㅅ= s

ㅈ= j

ㅎ= h

* (This sound is very difficult to write in English, and is the reason why people from Korea/Japan have trouble pronouncing the R and L sound in English. The sound of this letter (to me) is half way between an R and L. For example, if you were to say “I hadda good time last night” the ㄹ sound is very similar to the “dd” in the slang “hadda.” It’s not quite an R, and it’s not quite an L.)

I want to say one incredibly important thing before you continue. People constantly ask me about the pronunciation of Korean letters, and how they can be best represented using English (Latin) characters. There is no perfect way to represent Korean characters using English letters (or sounds). The English letters presented above are the letters that you will commonly find being used to represent their respective Korean letters. While it is helpful (at first) to memorize the general sound of a Korean letter by using the English letter – you have to remember that Korean sounds are vastly different than English sounds. Not only are Korean sounds different than English sounds – but English sounds different depending on who is speaking (because of accents). Therefore, there is no perfect way to represent the Korean sounds in English.

For example, you will often see “K” and “G” being used to represent the Korean letter “ㄱ.”

Or “D” and “T” to represent the letter “ㄷ”
Or “R” and “L” to represent the letter “ㄹ”

Truth is, none of those letters matches perfectly with the sound of their respective Korean letter. The only way to know exactly how a Korean letter sounds is to listen to it. Trying to represent it with an English letter (whose pronunciation could change based on the person speaking) doesn’t work. Throughout our lessons (not just in this Unit, but in future Units as well), you will find thousands of audio files attached to vocabulary, letters and example sentences. The best thing you can do is listen to those audio recordings as much as possible to train your ear to the correct sounds.
Anyways, memorize the English equivalents of the characters to help you at this stage, but try not to think that the sounds are exactly the same.
Next are the basic vowels you will need to know. Again, do whatever you can to memorize the English representations to help you learn them.
ㅣ = i
ㅏ = a
ㅓ = eo (Romanized as “eo” but it sounds closer to “uh” in English)

ㅡ = eu
ㅜ = u
ㅗ = o
You should notice that the first three vowels are drawn vertically, and the bottom three are drawn horizontally. If you can’t see what I mean, look at the following picture for a more exaggerated depiction.

In that picture, it should be clear that the ones on the left are drawn vertically, and the ones on the right are drawn horizontally. The difference is very important because the way every K

orean letter is written depends on if the vowel is drawn vertically or horizontally.

Let’s take a look at how it is done.

Korean is written into “blocks” that make up one syllable. One block always has exactly one syllable. The blocks are ALWAYS drawn in one of the following ways:

Important rules you need to know about these structures:

1. Number “2” is ALWAYS a vowel. Always always always always always.

2. Number “1, 3 (and sometimes 4) are ALWAYS consonants. Always.

3. Blocks containing a horizontally drawn vowel are always drawn in one of these two ways:

4. Blocks containing a vertically drawn vowel are always drawn in one of these two ways:

Now that you know those rules, it is just a matter of putting the consonants and vowels together to make blocks. For example, if I want to write “bab”:

Step 1: Determine if the vowel is horizontal or vertical. a (ㅏ) is vertical, so we will use:

Step 2: Determine if the syllable ends in a consonant. Yes, it does. So we need to fill 1, 2 and 3, so we need to use:

Step 3: Place the starting letter “b (ㅂ)”, the middle letter “a (ㅏ)” and the ending letter “b (ㅂ)” into 1, 2, and 3 respectively.

Let’s practice a few before we finish:

ㄱ = k

ㅏ = a

ㄴ = n

ㅏ is vertically aligned, so if we make a syllable we would write: 간 (kan)

ㅂ = b

ㅓ = eo

ㅂ = b

ㅓ is vertically aligned, so if we make a syllable we would write: 법 (beob)

ㅈ = j

ㅜ = u

ㅜis horizontally aligned, so if we make a syllable we would write: 주 (ju)

ㅎ = h

ㅗ = o

ㅗis horizontally aligned, so if we make a syllable we would write: 호 (ho)

The following tables show all of the letters presented in this lesson, and how they match up to create syllables.

The first table only shows syllables created without the use of a final consonant. By factoring in the use of a final consonant, many more varieties of syllables can be created, and those will be presented a little bit lower.

Click the letters on the left of the table to hear how a specific consonant is pronounced with each vowel. When listening to these sounds, try to understand where some of the ambiguity comes from when trying to represent these consonant sounds with English (Latin) letters. I often get questions from learners who are confused whether to use “G” or “K” to represent “ㄱ.” Listen to the “ㄱ” column and tell me which letter best represents that sound in all cases. You can’t. This is why there is confusion amongst early learners of Korean in terms of the correct pronunciation of letters. The same can be said for other letters, like “B” and “P” with “ㅂ” and “R” and “L” with “ㄹ.”

You can also click the letters at the top of the table to hear how a specific vowel is pronounced with each consonant. Again, try to recognize the sound that the Korean vowel is supposed to make. Using an English (Latin) vowel to represent the sound of a Korean vowel is impossible because the pronunciation of our English vowels change from word to word, and from person to person (depending on accents).

It is best to abandon all English/Latin representations of Korean sounds, as it just adds to confusion. I highly recommend that you use these recordings (and the thousands of other recordings in our Lessons) to familiarize yourself with the correct pronunciation of a Korean letter or word. It may be difficult at first, but it is well worth it in the long run.

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	비	바	버	브	부	보
ㅈ	지	자	저	즈	주	조
ㄷ	디	다	더	드	두	도
ㄱ	기	가	거	그	구	고
ㅅ	시	사	서	스	수	소
ㅁ	미	마	머	므	무	모
ㄴ	니	나	너	느	누	노
ㅎ	히	하	허	흐	후	호
ㄹ	리	라	러	르	루	로

When looking at this table, it is important to note how each vowel pairs up with a consonant. I am showing you this table (and the ones that follow) to allow you to get familiar with the structure of a Korean syllable. Note that these constructions are not necessarily words, and that it usually takes more than one syllable to make a word.

The following nine tables are similar to the table presented above. However, in each table, one specific consonant is being used as the final consonant of the syllable. Again, I am showing you these tables to allow you to familiarize yourself with the variety of constructions that could be made with the letters you learned today. You should specifically look for the patterns that exist for every letter. You do not, by any means, need to memorize any of these constructions – as that will come naturally as you progress through your study of Korean.

Also note that while some of the syllables shown in the tables below are very common, some you will never find in any word in Korean. Notice that some of the syllables in the table are colored gray. You will probably never find that syllable in any Korean word, ever. The ones in black are syllables that you will see within words. The colored/underlined syllables are actually words on their own. If you hover your mouse over these words, you will see the translation in English. I have done this only for convenience, and you do not need to memorize any of this at this point.

Final Consonant: ㅂ

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빕	밥	법	븝	붑	봅
ㅈ	집	잡	접	즙	줍	좁
ㄷ	딥	답	덥	듭	둡	돕
ㄱ	깁	갑	겁	급	굽	곱
ㅅ	십	삽	섭	습	숩	솝
ㅁ	밉	맙	멉	믑	뭅	몹
ㄴ	닙	납	넙	늡	눕	놉
ㅎ	힙	합	헙	흡	훕	홉
ㄹ	립	랍	럽	릅	룹	롭

Final Consonant: ㅈ

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빚	밪	벚	븢	붖	봊
ㅈ	짖	잦	젖	즞	줒	좆
ㄷ	딪	닺	덪	듲	둦	돚
ㄱ	깆	갖	겆	긎	궂	곶
ㅅ	싲	샂	섲	슺	숮	솢
ㅁ	밎	맞	멎	믖	뭊	몾
ㄴ	닞	낮	넞	늦	눚	놎
ㅎ	힞	핮	헞	흦	훚	홎
ㄹ	맂	랒	렂	릊	룾	롲

Final Consonant: ㄷ

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빋	받	벋	븓	붇	볻
ㅈ	짇	잗	젇	즏	줃	졷
ㄷ	딛	닫	덛	듣	둗	돋
ㄱ	긷	갇	걷	귿	굳	곧
ㅅ	싣	삳	섣	슫	숟	솓
ㅁ	믿	맏	먿	믇	묻	몯
ㄴ	닏	낟	넏	늗	눋	녿
ㅎ	힏	핟	헏	흗	훋	혿
ㄹ	릳	랃	럳	륻	룯	롣

Final Consonant: ㄱ

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빅	박	벅	븍	북	복
ㅈ	직	작	적	즉	죽	족
ㄷ	딕	닥	덕	득	둑	독
ㄱ	긱	각	걱	극	국	곡
ㅅ	식	삭	석	슥	숙	속
ㅁ	믹	막	먹	믁	묵	목
ㄴ	닉	낙	넉	늑	눅	녹
ㅎ	힉	학	헉	흑	훅	혹
ㄹ	릭	락	럭	륵	룩	록

Final Consonant: ㅅ

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빗	밧	벗	븟	붓	봇
ㅈ	짓	잣	젓	즛	줏	좃
ㄷ	딧	닷	덧	듯	둣	돗
ㄱ	깃	갓	것	긋	굿	곳
ㅅ	싯	삿	섯	슷	숫	솟
ㅁ	밋	맛	멋	믓	뭇	못
ㄴ	닛	낫	넛	늣	눗	놋
ㅎ	힛	핫	헛	흣	훗	홋
ㄹ	릿	랏	럿	릇	룻	롯

Final Consonant: ㅁ

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빔	밤	범	븜	붐	봄
ㅈ	짐	잠	점	즘	줌	좀
ㄷ	딤	담	덤	듬	둠	돔
ㄱ	김	감	검	금	굼	곰
ㅅ	심	삼	섬	슴	숨	솜
ㅁ	밈	맘	멈	믐	뭄	몸
ㄴ	님	남	넘	늠	눔	놈
ㅎ	힘	함	험	흠	훔	홈
ㄹ	림	람	럼	름	룸	롬

Final Consonant: ㄴ

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빈	반	번	븐	분	본
ㅈ	진	잔	전	즌	준	존
ㄷ	딘	단	던	든	둔	돈
ㄱ	긴	간	건	근	군	곤
ㅅ	신	산	선	슨	순	손
ㅁ	민	만	먼	믄	문	몬
ㄴ	닌	난	넌	는	눈	논
ㅎ	힌	한	헌	흔	훈	혼
ㄹ	린	란	런	른	룬	론

Final Consonant: ㅎ

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빟	밯	벟	븧	붛	봏
ㅈ	짛	잫	젛	즣	줗	좋
ㄷ	딯	닿	덯	듷	둫	돟
ㄱ	깋	갛	겋	긓	궇	곻
ㅅ	싷	샇	섷	슿	숳	솧
ㅁ	밓	맣	멓	믛	뭏	뫃
ㄴ	닣	낳	넣	늫	눟	놓
ㅎ	힣	핳	헣	흫	훟	홓
ㄹ	맇	랗	렇	릏	뤃	롷

Final Consonant: ㄹ

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빌	발	벌	블	불	볼
ㅈ	질	잘	절	즐	줄	졸
ㄷ	딜	달	덜	들	둘	돌
ㄱ	길	갈	걸	글	굴	골
ㅅ	실	살	설	슬	술	솔
ㅁ	밀	말	멀	믈	물	몰
ㄴ	닐	날	널	늘	눌	놀
ㅎ	힐	할	헐	흘	훌	홀
ㄹ	릴	랄	럴	를	룰	롤

That’s it for this lesson! Hopefully you aren’t too confused! Before you move on, you should be able to:

Recognize the vowels and consonants that were taught in this lesson
Be able to make syllables by putting together formations of vowels and consonants

Want to try to create some words using the letters introduced in this lesson?
This YouTube video will prompt you with the Romanization of five Korean words, and you can try to write the Korean version of the word. Once you’re done, I’ll also give you the English translation.

The Journey Down Here

2020-02-26T03:44:00.001-08:00

Borne out of sheer unconsciousness is my love for and interest in the Korean world. I vividly can remember how I drowned in awe of my first Korean Drama, titled "Empress Ki". I really couldn't fight the urge to learn a new language that time - as I normally would have done - as I watched the drama with my brothers.

My major attraction was the language. I have heard a lot of languages being spoken, but the only intriguing one - in my view- is none other than Korean. The language sounds so sweet and cool. Hearing the characters dialogue in the language that was my object of admiration was somewhat blissful. Of a truth, to this day, the primary reason I watch Kdramas is the language. I really might wish to see my beloved actors and actresses in action, but the language is my drive🤗.

My first attempt at learning Korean was to learn the alphabets. I was actually confused at the onset as to how to piece the letters together. I recalled how the Chinese characters looked and wondered why Korean looked the same. It would be difficult, I thought. This was because my first Kdrama was a Sageuk one, where Hanja characters are used in writing. I really wasn't ready to learn such complicated characters. I considered opting out. Not really though. I was so much in love with Korean Language. Can't let go. We die there😄.

I picked up my phone and scanned through the web for Korean learning resources, and luckily I encountered my beloved website howtostudykorean.com. That was my spur. Within a day, I mastered Hangul with the help of that website, after which I proceeded to download various Korean learning apps which included grammar apps, phrasebooks, dictionaries, translators. When I discovered PDFs could be the best resource I could utilise, I downloaded a great deal of them. I can remember "Basic Korean" by Andrew Sangpil Byon. I'm glad I was a user of the book. It breaks down the lessons to the comprehensible level of any beginner.

Becoming an intermediate learner wasn't easy as I needed to learn alongside my university course. I found myself gradually losing interest after 8 months when I discovered I wasn't improving and I barely have the time to study. I decided to quit. "I am very far from fluency after all," I thought. I stopped for about two weeks after which I rejoined the world I have abandoned. I couldn't bring myself into the idea of quitting. It was outrageous to me. That is the result of passion. Passion is my spur. Even though I haven't achieved fluency yet, I'm glad i can hold a conversation, compose songs to some extent and write a few things in Korean🙂.

I gradually drifted into the world of K-Pop: an experience I would ne'er forget. Korean songs are really amazing. Yeah, every Korean fan would understand my assertion. It's like no other music genre. The singers are not only energetic, but also charming and endowed with melodious voices. I've got great admiration for the likes of big bands like BTS, EXO, BLACKPINK and others. I don't belong to any fandom though buh I listen to diverse songs as long as I like them. I'm currently a fan of singers like Baek Ji Yoon, Lee Sun Hee and Davichi😘.

Now, with utmost regards to the irresistible surge of interests I've succumbed to, I decided to create a blog to pen as much as I know in the Korean world. This blog would be aimed at exploring the Korean nation as a whole with focus primarily on language and culture, also spanning our Korean IDOLS and the entertainment industry. Hence, I look forward to your encouragement of my efforts and interests as I help to enhance the world we've chosen to explore ourselves. It's great to do this!

To all Korean fans, I say "Fighting?💪💪

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	비	바	버	브	부	보
ㅈ	지	자	저	즈	주	조
ㄷ	디	다	더	드	두	도
ㄱ	기	가	거	그	구	고
ㅅ	시	사	서	스	수	소
ㅁ	미	마	머	므	무	모
ㄴ	니	나	너	느	누	노
ㅎ	히	하	허	흐	후	호
ㄹ	리	라	러	르	루	로
ㅇ	이	아	어	으	우	오
ㄲ	끼	까	꺼	끄	꾸	꼬
ㅋ	키	카	커	크	쿠	코
ㅃ	삐	빠	뻐	쁘	뿌	뽀
ㅍ	피	파	퍼	프	푸	포
ㅉ	찌	짜	쩌	쯔	쭈	쪼
ㅊ	치	차	처	츠	추	초
ㄸ	띠	따	떠	뜨	뚜	또
ㅌ	티	타	터	트	투	토
ㅆ	씨	싸	써	쓰	쑤	쏘

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빙	방	벙	븡	붕	봉
ㅈ	징	장	정	증	중	종
ㄷ	딩	당	덩	등	둥	동
ㄱ	깅	강	겅	긍	궁	공
ㅅ	싱	상	성	승	숭	송
ㅁ	밍	망	멍	믕	뭉	몽
ㄴ	닝	낭	넝	능	눙	농
ㅎ	힝	항	헝	흥	훙	홍
ㄹ	링	랑	렁	릉	룽	롱
ㅇ	잉	앙	엉	응	웅	옹
ㄲ	낑	깡	껑	끙	꿍	꽁
ㅋ	킹	캉	컹	킁	쿵	콩
ㅃ	삥	빵	뻥	쁭	뿡	뽕
ㅍ	핑	팡	펑	픙	풍	퐁
ㅉ	찡	짱	쩡	쯩	쭝	쫑
ㅊ	칭	창	청	층	충	총
ㄸ	띵	땅	떵	뜽	뚱	똥
ㅌ	팅	탕	텅	틍	퉁	통
ㅆ	씽	쌍	썽	씅	쑹	쏭

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	비	바	버	브	부	보
ㅈ	지	자	저	즈	주	조
ㄷ	디	다	더	드	두	도
ㄱ	기	가	거	그	구	고
ㅅ	시	사	서	스	수	소
ㅁ	미	마	머	므	무	모
ㄴ	니	나	너	느	누	노
ㅎ	히	하	허	흐	후	호
ㄹ	리	라	러	르	루	로

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빕	밥	법	븝	붑	봅
ㅈ	집	잡	접	즙	줍	좁
ㄷ	딥	답	덥	듭	둡	돕
ㄱ	깁	갑	겁	급	굽	곱
ㅅ	십	삽	섭	습	숩	솝
ㅁ	밉	맙	멉	믑	뭅	몹
ㄴ	닙	납	넙	늡	눕	놉
ㅎ	힙	합	헙	흡	훕	홉
ㄹ	립	랍	럽	릅	룹	롭

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빚	밪	벚	븢	붖	봊
ㅈ	짖	잦	젖	즞	줒	좆
ㄷ	딪	닺	덪	듲	둦	돚
ㄱ	깆	갖	겆	긎	궂	곶
ㅅ	싲	샂	섲	슺	숮	솢
ㅁ	밎	맞	멎	믖	뭊	몾
ㄴ	닞	낮	넞	늦	눚	놎
ㅎ	힞	핮	헞	흦	훚	홎
ㄹ	맂	랒	렂	릊	룾	롲

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빋	받	벋	븓	붇	볻
ㅈ	짇	잗	젇	즏	줃	졷
ㄷ	딛	닫	덛	듣	둗	돋
ㄱ	긷	갇	걷	귿	굳	곧
ㅅ	싣	삳	섣	슫	숟	솓
ㅁ	믿	맏	먿	믇	묻	몯
ㄴ	닏	낟	넏	늗	눋	녿
ㅎ	힏	핟	헏	흗	훋	혿
ㄹ	릳	랃	럳	륻	룯	롣

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빅	박	벅	븍	북	복
ㅈ	직	작	적	즉	죽	족
ㄷ	딕	닥	덕	득	둑	독
ㄱ	긱	각	걱	극	국	곡
ㅅ	식	삭	석	슥	숙	속
ㅁ	믹	막	먹	믁	묵	목
ㄴ	닉	낙	넉	늑	눅	녹
ㅎ	힉	학	헉	흑	훅	혹
ㄹ	릭	락	럭	륵	룩	록

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빗	밧	벗	븟	붓	봇
ㅈ	짓	잣	젓	즛	줏	좃
ㄷ	딧	닷	덧	듯	둣	돗
ㄱ	깃	갓	것	긋	굿	곳
ㅅ	싯	삿	섯	슷	숫	솟
ㅁ	밋	맛	멋	믓	뭇	못
ㄴ	닛	낫	넛	늣	눗	놋
ㅎ	힛	핫	헛	흣	훗	홋
ㄹ	릿	랏	럿	릇	룻	롯

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빔	밤	범	븜	붐	봄
ㅈ	짐	잠	점	즘	줌	좀
ㄷ	딤	담	덤	듬	둠	돔
ㄱ	김	감	검	금	굼	곰
ㅅ	심	삼	섬	슴	숨	솜
ㅁ	밈	맘	멈	믐	뭄	몸
ㄴ	님	남	넘	늠	눔	놈
ㅎ	힘	함	험	흠	훔	홈
ㄹ	림	람	럼	름	룸	롬

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빈	반	번	븐	분	본
ㅈ	진	잔	전	즌	준	존
ㄷ	딘	단	던	든	둔	돈
ㄱ	긴	간	건	근	군	곤
ㅅ	신	산	선	슨	순	손
ㅁ	민	만	먼	믄	문	몬
ㄴ	닌	난	넌	는	눈	논
ㅎ	힌	한	헌	흔	훈	혼
ㄹ	린	란	런	른	룬	론

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	비	바	버	브	부	보
ㅈ	지	자	저	즈	주	조
ㄷ	디	다	더	드	두	도
ㄱ	기	가	거	그	구	고
ㅅ	시	사	서	스	수	소
ㅁ	미	마	머	므	무	모
ㄴ	니	나	너	느	누	노
ㅎ	히	하	허	흐	후	호
ㄹ	리	라	러	르	루	로
ㅇ	이	아	어	으	우	오
ㄲ	끼	까	꺼	끄	꾸	꼬
ㅋ	키	카	커	크	쿠	코
ㅃ	삐	빠	뻐	쁘	뿌	뽀
ㅍ	피	파	퍼	프	푸	포
ㅉ	찌	짜	쩌	쯔	쭈	쪼
ㅊ	치	차	처	츠	추	초
ㄸ	띠	따	떠	뜨	뚜	또
ㅌ	티	타	터	트	투	토
ㅆ	씨	싸	써	쓰	쑤	쏘

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빙	방	벙	븡	붕	봉
ㅈ	징	장	정	증	중	종
ㄷ	딩	당	덩	등	둥	동
ㄱ	깅	강	겅	긍	궁	공
ㅅ	싱	상	성	승	숭	송
ㅁ	밍	망	멍	믕	뭉	몽
ㄴ	닝	낭	넝	능	눙	농
ㅎ	힝	항	헝	흥	훙	홍
ㄹ	링	랑	렁	릉	룽	롱
ㅇ	잉	앙	엉	응	웅	옹
ㄲ	낑	깡	껑	끙	꿍	꽁
ㅋ	킹	캉	컹	킁	쿵	콩
ㅃ	삥	빵	뻥	쁭	뿡	뽕
ㅍ	핑	팡	펑	픙	풍	퐁
ㅉ	찡	짱	쩡	쯩	쭝	쫑
ㅊ	칭	창	청	층	충	총
ㄸ	띵	땅	떵	뜽	뚱	똥
ㅌ	팅	탕	텅	틍	퉁	통
ㅆ	씽	쌍	썽	씅	쑹	쏭

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	비	바	버	브	부	보
ㅈ	지	자	저	즈	주	조
ㄷ	디	다	더	드	두	도
ㄱ	기	가	거	그	구	고
ㅅ	시	사	서	스	수	소
ㅁ	미	마	머	므	무	모
ㄴ	니	나	너	느	누	노
ㅎ	히	하	허	흐	후	호
ㄹ	리	라	러	르	루	로

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빕	밥	법	븝	붑	봅
ㅈ	집	잡	접	즙	줍	좁
ㄷ	딥	답	덥	듭	둡	돕
ㄱ	깁	갑	겁	급	굽	곱
ㅅ	십	삽	섭	습	숩	솝
ㅁ	밉	맙	멉	믑	뭅	몹
ㄴ	닙	납	넙	늡	눕	놉
ㅎ	힙	합	헙	흡	훕	홉
ㄹ	립	랍	럽	릅	룹	롭

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빚	밪	벚	븢	붖	봊
ㅈ	짖	잦	젖	즞	줒	좆
ㄷ	딪	닺	덪	듲	둦	돚
ㄱ	깆	갖	겆	긎	궂	곶
ㅅ	싲	샂	섲	슺	숮	솢
ㅁ	밎	맞	멎	믖	뭊	몾
ㄴ	닞	낮	넞	늦	눚	놎
ㅎ	힞	핮	헞	흦	훚	홎
ㄹ	맂	랒	렂	릊	룾	롲

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빋	받	벋	븓	붇	볻
ㅈ	짇	잗	젇	즏	줃	졷
ㄷ	딛	닫	덛	듣	둗	돋
ㄱ	긷	갇	걷	귿	굳	곧
ㅅ	싣	삳	섣	슫	숟	솓
ㅁ	믿	맏	먿	믇	묻	몯
ㄴ	닏	낟	넏	늗	눋	녿
ㅎ	힏	핟	헏	흗	훋	혿
ㄹ	릳	랃	럳	륻	룯	롣

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빅	박	벅	븍	북	복
ㅈ	직	작	적	즉	죽	족
ㄷ	딕	닥	덕	득	둑	독
ㄱ	긱	각	걱	극	국	곡
ㅅ	식	삭	석	슥	숙	속
ㅁ	믹	막	먹	믁	묵	목
ㄴ	닉	낙	넉	늑	눅	녹
ㅎ	힉	학	헉	흑	훅	혹
ㄹ	릭	락	럭	륵	룩	록

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빗	밧	벗	븟	붓	봇
ㅈ	짓	잣	젓	즛	줏	좃
ㄷ	딧	닷	덧	듯	둣	돗
ㄱ	깃	갓	것	긋	굿	곳
ㅅ	싯	삿	섯	슷	숫	솟
ㅁ	밋	맛	멋	믓	뭇	못
ㄴ	닛	낫	넛	늣	눗	놋
ㅎ	힛	핫	헛	흣	훗	홋
ㄹ	릿	랏	럿	릇	룻	롯

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빔	밤	범	븜	붐	봄
ㅈ	짐	잠	점	즘	줌	좀
ㄷ	딤	담	덤	듬	둠	돔
ㄱ	김	감	검	금	굼	곰
ㅅ	심	삼	섬	슴	숨	솜
ㅁ	밈	맘	멈	믐	뭄	몸
ㄴ	님	남	넘	늠	눔	놈
ㅎ	힘	함	험	흠	훔	홈
ㄹ	림	람	럼	름	룸	롬

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빈	반	번	븐	분	본
ㅈ	진	잔	전	즌	준	존
ㄷ	딘	단	던	든	둔	돈
ㄱ	긴	간	건	근	군	곤
ㅅ	신	산	선	슨	순	손
ㅁ	민	만	먼	믄	문	몬
ㄴ	닌	난	넌	는	눈	논
ㅎ	힌	한	헌	흔	훈	혼
ㄹ	린	란	런	른	룬	론

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	비	바	버	브	부	보
ㅈ	지	자	저	즈	주	조
ㄷ	디	다	더	드	두	도
ㄱ	기	가	거	그	구	고
ㅅ	시	사	서	스	수	소
ㅁ	미	마	머	므	무	모
ㄴ	니	나	너	느	누	노
ㅎ	히	하	허	흐	후	호
ㄹ	리	라	러	르	루	로
ㅇ	이	아	어	으	우	오
ㄲ	끼	까	꺼	끄	꾸	꼬
ㅋ	키	카	커	크	쿠	코
ㅃ	삐	빠	뻐	쁘	뿌	뽀
ㅍ	피	파	퍼	프	푸	포
ㅉ	찌	짜	쩌	쯔	쭈	쪼
ㅊ	치	차	처	츠	추	초
ㄸ	띠	따	떠	뜨	뚜	또
ㅌ	티	타	터	트	투	토
ㅆ	씨	싸	써	쓰	쑤	쏘

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빙	방	벙	븡	붕	봉
ㅈ	징	장	정	증	중	종
ㄷ	딩	당	덩	등	둥	동
ㄱ	깅	강	겅	긍	궁	공
ㅅ	싱	상	성	승	숭	송
ㅁ	밍	망	멍	믕	뭉	몽
ㄴ	닝	낭	넝	능	눙	농
ㅎ	힝	항	헝	흥	훙	홍
ㄹ	링	랑	렁	릉	룽	롱
ㅇ	잉	앙	엉	응	웅	옹
ㄲ	낑	깡	껑	끙	꿍	꽁
ㅋ	킹	캉	컹	킁	쿵	콩
ㅃ	삥	빵	뻥	쁭	뿡	뽕
ㅍ	핑	팡	펑	픙	풍	퐁
ㅉ	찡	짱	쩡	쯩	쭝	쫑
ㅊ	칭	창	청	층	충	총
ㄸ	띵	땅	떵	뜽	뚱	똥
ㅌ	팅	탕	텅	틍	퉁	통
ㅆ	씽	쌍	썽	씅	쑹	쏭

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	비	바	버	브	부	보
ㅈ	지	자	저	즈	주	조
ㄷ	디	다	더	드	두	도
ㄱ	기	가	거	그	구	고
ㅅ	시	사	서	스	수	소
ㅁ	미	마	머	므	무	모
ㄴ	니	나	너	느	누	노
ㅎ	히	하	허	흐	후	호
ㄹ	리	라	러	르	루	로

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빕	밥	법	븝	붑	봅
ㅈ	집	잡	접	즙	줍	좁
ㄷ	딥	답	덥	듭	둡	돕
ㄱ	깁	갑	겁	급	굽	곱
ㅅ	십	삽	섭	습	숩	솝
ㅁ	밉	맙	멉	믑	뭅	몹
ㄴ	닙	납	넙	늡	눕	놉
ㅎ	힙	합	헙	흡	훕	홉
ㄹ	립	랍	럽	릅	룹	롭

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빚	밪	벚	븢	붖	봊
ㅈ	짖	잦	젖	즞	줒	좆
ㄷ	딪	닺	덪	듲	둦	돚
ㄱ	깆	갖	겆	긎	궂	곶
ㅅ	싲	샂	섲	슺	숮	솢
ㅁ	밎	맞	멎	믖	뭊	몾
ㄴ	닞	낮	넞	늦	눚	놎
ㅎ	힞	핮	헞	흦	훚	홎
ㄹ	맂	랒	렂	릊	룾	롲

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빋	받	벋	븓	붇	볻
ㅈ	짇	잗	젇	즏	줃	졷
ㄷ	딛	닫	덛	듣	둗	돋
ㄱ	긷	갇	걷	귿	굳	곧
ㅅ	싣	삳	섣	슫	숟	솓
ㅁ	믿	맏	먿	믇	묻	몯
ㄴ	닏	낟	넏	늗	눋	녿
ㅎ	힏	핟	헏	흗	훋	혿
ㄹ	릳	랃	럳	륻	룯	롣

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빅	박	벅	븍	북	복
ㅈ	직	작	적	즉	죽	족
ㄷ	딕	닥	덕	득	둑	독
ㄱ	긱	각	걱	극	국	곡
ㅅ	식	삭	석	슥	숙	속
ㅁ	믹	막	먹	믁	묵	목
ㄴ	닉	낙	넉	늑	눅	녹
ㅎ	힉	학	헉	흑	훅	혹
ㄹ	릭	락	럭	륵	룩	록

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빗	밧	벗	븟	붓	봇
ㅈ	짓	잣	젓	즛	줏	좃
ㄷ	딧	닷	덧	듯	둣	돗
ㄱ	깃	갓	것	긋	굿	곳
ㅅ	싯	삿	섯	슷	숫	솟
ㅁ	밋	맛	멋	믓	뭇	못
ㄴ	닛	낫	넛	늣	눗	놋
ㅎ	힛	핫	헛	흣	훗	홋
ㄹ	릿	랏	럿	릇	룻	롯

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빔	밤	범	븜	붐	봄
ㅈ	짐	잠	점	즘	줌	좀
ㄷ	딤	담	덤	듬	둠	돔
ㄱ	김	감	검	금	굼	곰
ㅅ	심	삼	섬	슴	숨	솜
ㅁ	밈	맘	멈	믐	뭄	몸
ㄴ	님	남	넘	늠	눔	놈
ㅎ	힘	함	험	흠	훔	홈
ㄹ	림	람	럼	름	룸	롬

	ㅣ	ㅏ	ㅓ	ㅡ	ㅜ	ㅗ
ㅂ	빈	반	번	븐	분	본
ㅈ	진	잔	전	즌	준	존
ㄷ	딘	단	던	든	둔	돈
ㄱ	긴	간	건	근	군	곤
ㅅ	신	산	선	슨	순	손
ㅁ	민	만	먼	믄	문	몬
ㄴ	닌	난	넌	는	눈	논
ㅎ	힌	한	헌	흔	훈	혼
ㄹ	린	란	런	른	룬	론