prog.php

<?php
//date_default_timezone_set(‘Asia/Calcutta’);

//Calculate 60 days in the future
//seconds * minutes * hours * days + current time

$inTwoMonths = 60 * 60 * 24 * 60 + time();
setcookie(‘lastVisit’, date(“G:i – m/d/y”), $inTwoMonths);
if(isset($_COOKIE['lastVisit'])) {
$visit = $_COOKIE['lastVisit'];
echo “Your last visit was – “. $visit;
}
else
echo “You’ve got some stale cookies!”;
?>

OUTPUT:

Your last visit was – 23:42 – 12/09/10

prog.php

<?php

session_start();

if(isset($_SESSION['views']))

$_SESSION['views']=$_SESSION['views']+1;

else

$_SESSION['views']=1;

echo”views=”.$_SESSION['views'];

?>

Output:

views = 1

Refresh the browser

views = 2

A new tablet, classpad is designed by Delhi IITian, Rohit Pande. It is mainly designed to help students. It has got over 30,000 thousand apps supporting students in their curricular activities and it supports for HTML 5 and includes the advanced operating system Android. 

• Classpad has got capacitive touch screen.
• It comes with Single  USB 2.0 port.
• It has over 30,000 apps.

Specifications of Classpad Tablet

Processor:

Processor speed of 1 GHz to 1.3 GHz.

Memory:

Built-in memory of 4GB expandable upto 8GB.

 

Display :

7, 8, 10 inches TFT LCD with 1024X600 pixel resolution

Audio :

3.5 mm Audio Jack in 3.5 mm Audio Jack out

 

Camera:

0.3 Mega pixels front camera.

Connectivity :

• Wi-Fi Connectivity
• Single  USB 2.0 port.
• Mini HDMI port

Battery :

Battery Backup of  7 hours

 

 

Operating System :

It runs on Android 2.2 and 2.3 OS.

 

PRICE:

Classpad’s price ranges between  Rs 7,500 and 14,000.

 

Availability:

Classpad will be distributed to schools directly on order. and it would be released  online soon.

Consider the Insurance database given below.  The primary keys are underlined and the data types are specified:

PERSON (driver – id #: String, name: string, address: string)

CAR (regno: string, model: string, year: int)

ACCIDENT (report-number: int, accd-date: date, location: string)

OWNS (driver-id #:string, Regno:string)

PARTICIPATED (driver-id: string, Regno:string, report-number:int, damage amount:int)

(i)      Create the above tables by properly specifying the primary keys and the foreign keys.

(ii)    Enter at least five tuples for each relation.

(iii)   Demonstrate how you

a.    Update the damage amount to 25000 for the car with a specific Regno in the ACCIDENT table with report number 12.

b.   Add a new accident to the database.

(iv)  Find the total number of people who owned cars that were involved in accidents in 2008.

(v)    Find the number of accidents in which cars belonging to a specific model were involved.

SQL>Create table person
 (
 driver_id varchar2(20) not null,
 name varchar2(20) not null,
 address varchar2(20),
 primary key(driver_id)
 );

SQL>insert into person1 values
 (
 '&driver_id','&name','&address'
 );

SQL>select * from person;

 DRIVER_ID NAME ADDRESS
 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
 01A AAA BEL
 01B BBB GOA
 01C CCC MAH
 01D DDD BEL
 01E EEE RAJ

1
 5 rows selected

 SQL>create table car
 (
 reg_no varchar2(20) not null,
 model varchar2(20) not null,
 year varchar2(20),
 primary key(reg_no)
 );

 SQL>insert into car values
 (
 '&reg_no','&model','&year'
 );

 SQL>select* from car;

 REG_NO MODEL YEAR
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
 A1 11A 2009
 B2 22B 2009
 C3 33C 2008
 D4 44D 2005
 E5 55E 2010

 5 rows selected

SQL>create table accident
 (
 rep_no number(5),
 acc_date date,
 location varchar2(20),
 primary key(rep_no)
 );

SQL>insert into accident values
 ( 
 &rep_no,'&acc_date','&location'
 );

SQL>select * from accident;

 REP_NO ACC_DATE LOCATION
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
 1 1-DEC-09 ANGOL
 2 12-FEB-08 NH4
 3 3-MAY-08 ANGOL
 4 4-FEB-10 RPD
 12 31-DEC-08 RPD

 5 rows selected

SQL>create table owns
 (
 driver_id varchar2(20) not null,
 reg_no varchar2(20) not null,
 primary key(driver_id,reg_no),
 foreign key(driver_id) references person(driver_id),
 foreign key(reg_no) references car(reg_no)
 );

SQL>insert into owns values
 (
 '&driver_id','&reg_no'
 );

SQL>select * from owns;

 DRIVER_ID REG_NO
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 
 01A A1
 01B B2
 01C C3
 01D D4
 01E E5

 5 rows selected

SQL>CREATE table participated
 (
 driver_id varchar2(20) not null,
 reg_no varchar2(20) not null,
 rep_no number(5),
 damage number(5),
 primary key(driver_id,reg_no,rep_no),
 foreign key(driver_id)references person(driver_id),
 foreign key(reg_no) references car(reg_no),
 foreign key(rep_no) references accident(rep_no)
 );

 SQL>insert into participated values
 (
 '&driver_id','&reg_no',&rep_no,&damage
 );

 SQL>select * from participated;

 DRIVER_ID REG_NO REP_NO DAMAGE
 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
 01A A1 1 10000 
 01B B2 2 15000
 01C C3 3 20000
 01D D4 4 40000
 01E E5 12 80000

 5 rows selected

 QUERIES:-
QUERY 3a)
 SQL>update participateD
 set damage=25000
 where rep_no=12 and reg_no='E5';

 SQL>select * from participated;

 DRIVER_ID REG_NO REP_NO DAMAGE
 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
 01A A1 1 10000 
 01B B2 2 15000
 01C C3 3 20000
 01D D4 4 40000
 01E E5 12 25000

QUERY 3b)

 SQL>insert into accident values
 ( 
 &rep_no,'&acc_date','&location'
 );

 SQL>select * from accident;

 REP_NO ACC_DATE LOCATION
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
 1 1-DEC-09 ANGOL
 2 12-FEB-08 NH4
 3 3-MAY-09 ANGOL
 4 4-FEB-10 RPD
 12 31-DEC-09 RPD
 5 15-JUL-09 NH4

QUERY 4)

 SQL>select count(o.driver_id) 
 from ownS o,part p,accident1 a
 where o.driver_id=p.driver_id and
 p.rep_no=a.rep_no and
 acc_date like '%99';

 COUNT
 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 
 1 

QUERY 5)

 SQL>select count(*) as count
 from car1 c,part p,accident1 a
 where model='SWIFT' and
 a.rep_no=p.rep_no and
 c.reg_no=p.reg_no;

 COUNT
 - - - - - - - - - - -
 1

Consider the following relations for an order processing database  application in a company:

CUSTOMER (cust #: int , cname: string, city: string)

ORDER (order #: int, odate: date, cust #: int, ord-Amt: int)

ORDER – ITEM (order #: int, item #: int, qty: int)

ITEM (item # : int, unit price: int)

SHIPMENT (order #: int, warehouse#: int, ship-date: date)

WAREHOUSE (warehouse #: int, city: string)

(i)         Create the above tables by properly specifying the primary keys and the foreign keys.

(ii)       Enter at least five tuples for each relation.

(iii)      Produce a listing: CUSTNAME, #oforders, AVG_ORDER_AMT, where the middle column is the total numbers of orders by the customer and the last column is the average order amount for that customer.

(iv)     List the order# for orders that were shipped from all the warehouses that the company has in a specific city.

(v)       Demonstrate the deletion of an item from the ITEM table and demonstrate a method of handling the rows in the ORDER_ITEM table that contain this particular item.

CREATE TABLE CUSTOMER
(
 Cust_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
 Cust_name VARCHAR2(10),
 City VARCHAR2(10),
 PRIMARY KEY(Cust_id)
);

INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES(&Cust_id,'&Cust_name','&City');

SELECT * FROM CUSTOMER;

CUST_ID CUST_NAME CITY
------- ---------- ----------
 101 SAHIL BELGAUM
 102 NEHA PUNE
 103 PREM BELGAUM
 104 MAYUR HUBLI
 105 AKSHAY KOLKATTA

CREATE TABLE ORDER_1
(
 Order_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
 Order_date DATE,
 Cust_id INTEGER,
 Order_amt INTEGER,
 PRIMARY KEY(Order_id),
 FOREIGN KEY(Cust_id) REFERENCES CUSTOMER(Cust_id)
);

INSERT INTO ORDER_1 values(&Order_id,'&Order_date',&Cust_id,&Order_amt);

SELECT * FROM ORDER_1;

 ORDER_ID ORDER_DAT CUST_ID ORDER_AMT
--------- --------- ---------- ----------
 201 01-OCT-04 101 50000
 202 15-JAN-05 102 30000
 203 20-JUN-06 101 60000
 204 01-FEB-04 104 15000
 205 19-MAR-05 104 40000

CREATE TABLE ITEM
(
 Item_no INTEGER NOT NULL,
 Unit_price INTEGER,
 PRIMARY KEY(Item_no)
);

INSERT INTO ITEM values(&Item_no,&Unit_price);

SELECT * FROM ITEM;

 ITEM_NO UNIT_PRICE
-------- ----------
 1 5000
 2 3000
 3 2500
 4 8000
 5 7000

CREATE TABLE ORDER_ITEM
(
 Order_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
 Item_no INTEGER,
 Quantity INTEGER,
 PRIMARY KEY(Order_id,Item_no),
 FOREIGN KEY(Item_no) REFERENCES ITEM(Item_no),
 FOREIGN KEY(order_id) REFERENCES order_1(order_id)
);

INSERT INTO ORDER_ITEM values(&Order_id,&Item_no,&Quantity);

SELECT * FROM ORDER_ITEM;

 ORDER_ID ITEM_NO QUANTITY
---------- ---------- ----------
 201 1 20
 202 2 10
 203 3 40
 204 4 3
 205 5 5

CREATE TABLE WAREHOUSE
(
 Warehouse1 INTEGER NOT NULL,
 City VARCHAR2(10),
 PRIMARY KEY(Warehouse1)
);

INSERT INTO WAREHOUSE values(&Warehouse1,'&City');

SELECT * FROM WAREHOUSE;

WAREHOUSE1 CITY
---------- ----------
 100 BANGALORE
 200 KOLKATTA
 300 PUNE
 400 BELGAUM
 500 MYSORE

CREATE TABLE SHIPMENT
(
 Order_id INTEGER NOT NULL,
 Warehouse1 INTEGER,
 Ship_date DATE,
 PRIMARY KEY(Order_id,Warehouse1),
 FOREIGN KEY(Order_id) REFERENCES ORDER_1(Order_id),
 FOREIGN KEY(Warehouse1) REFERENCES WAREHOUSE(Warehouse1)
);

INSERT INTO SHIPMENT values(&Order_id,&Warehouse1,'&Ship_date');

SELECT * FROM SHIPMENT;

 ORDER_ID WAREHOUSE1 SHIP_DATE
---------- ---------- ---------
 201 100 03-JAN-06
 202 200 28-MAR-06
 203 300 13-JUN-07
 204 400 11-SEP-06
 205 500 13-JAN-07

QUERIES : 
3)
SELECT Cust_name as Customer_Name,COUNT(Order_id) AS NO_Of_Orders,AVG(Order_amt) AS Avg_Order_amt
FROM CUSTOMER c,ORDER_1 o
WHERE C.Cust_id=o.Cust_id
GROUP BY o.Cust_id,c.Cust_name;

CUSTOMER_N NO_OF_ORDERS AVG_ORDER_AMT
---------- ------------ -------------
SAHIL 2 55000
NEHA 1 30000
MAYUR 2 27500

4)
SELECT Order_id FROM SHIPMENT
WHERE Warehouse1 IN
(SELECT Warehouse1 FROM WAREHOUSE
 WHERE City='df');

Enter value for city: BANGALORE
old 4: WHERE City='&City')
new 4: WHERE City='BANGALORE')

 ORDER_ID
-----------------
 201

5)

SQL> DELETE FROM ITEM WHERE ITEM_NO=4;

1 row deleted.

SQL> SELECT * FROM ITEM;

 ITEM_NO UNIT_PRICE
---------- ----------
 1 5000
 2 3000
 3 2500
 5 7000

The most awaited World’s cheapest Tablet Phone AAKASH powered by Android OS has been launched by Indian Government on October 5. Aakash Tablet has all the important applications required in a computing device. It’s built up applying the latest technology and using some open source softwares.  Compare to many other expensive tablets, one of the best thing about Aakash Tablet is it has 2 USB ports. It is one of the biggest achievement by India. The basic version of Aakash, Ubislate7 is already sold out. However you can pre-book the next version of Aakash, Ubislate7+ which is going to be launched by late January.

Specifications of AAKASH Tablet

Processor:

366 Mhz supporting graphics accelerator and high definition HD video

Memory:

256 MB RAM

Storage :

2 GB Internal Flash Memory
Upto 32 GB Expandable External Memory

Display :

7 inch Resistive Touch Screen with resolution of 800×480 pixels

Audio :

3.5 mm Audio Jack in 3.5 mm Audio Jack out

Connectivity :

WiFi IEEE 802.11 a/b/g
Bluetooth : Cellular (2G on unsubsidized version only)
3G 4G connectivity not provided

Battery :

Battery Backup of 180 Minutes

Operating System :

Google Android OS 2.2 for Ubislate7 and 2.3 for Ubislate7+

Text Editor Supported Formats:

DOC, DOCX, PPT, PPTX, XLS, XLSX, ODT, ODP, PDF

Image Formats Supported : PNG, JPG, BMP, GIF

Audio: MP3, AAC, AC3, WAV, WMA

Video: MPEG2, MPEG4, AVI, FLVWeb

Browser : Default browser xHTML, IE8 is also provided.

PRICE:

Aakash will cost the government around $49 (inclusive of all taxes etc) approximately Rs. 2,500 for Ubislate7 and 2,999 for Ubislate7+.

It will be given to students after subsidizing the price by up to 50 percent which will cost about Rs.1100 ($35 US).

 

• YouTube Application is integrated to Stream Videos
• External USB Keyboard (optional)
• Aakash is created by using open source software from Sakshat Portal and other websites.
  
• The tablet is developed and fully made in India by Datawind.
  
• Access to thousands of educational & Learning institutes available for free.
  

 

The Review video of Aakash Tablet is shown below

Note:

I strongly recommend you to go for Ubislate7+. It has got good features comparative to Ubislate7.
Even I have booked for Ubislate7+. Lets enjoy the features of cheapest Tablet by India.

You can pre-book it on http://aakashtablet.com/ but once you book, it does not mean they will deliver Tablet to you. They will confirm you once they start dispatching the tablets so give the proper details.
Tablets will be dispatched in late January.

An XHTML form with Name, Address Line 1, Address Line 2 and E-mail text fields. On submitting store the values in MySQL table. Retrieve and display the data based on name using PHP

Program.html

<?xml version=”1.0″ encoding=”ISO-8859-1″?>

<html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml”>

<body>

<h3> Program to collect the customer-information </h3>

<form action =”http://localhost/13a.php” method=”get”>

<table border=”0″>

<tr>

<td> Enter Name:</td>

<td> <input type=”text” name=”name”> </td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td> Enter Address Line1: </td>

<td> <input type=”text” name=”address1″></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td> Enter Address line2: </td>

<td> <input type=”text” name=”address2″> </td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td> Enter Email-id: </td>

<td> <input type=”text” name=”email”> </td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td> </td> </tr>

<tr> </tr>

<tr>

<td> <input type=”submit” value=”Submit”></td>

<td> <input type=”Reset” value=”Reset”></td>

</tr>

</br>

<a href=”program.html”> To search click here </a> </td>

</table>

</form>

</body>

</html>

Output:

 

Program.php

 

<html>

<head><title> PHP and MYSQL </title></head>

<body bgcolor=”aabbcc”>

<?php

$name1=$_REQUEST["name"];

$address1=$_REQUEST["address1"];

$address2=$_REQUEST["address2"];

$email=$_REQUEST["email"];

 

$mysql=mysql_connect(“localhost”,”root”) or die(“can’t connect”);

mysql_select_db(“mmec”) or die(“can’t select”);

mysql_query(“insert into address values(‘$name1′,’$address1′,’$address2′,’$email’)”)or die(“query failed to insert”);

$result=mysql_query(“select * from address”);

?>

<h3> Page to display the stored data </h3>

<table border=”1″>

<tr>

<th> NAME </th>

<th> ADDRESS Line1 </th>

<th> ADDRESS Line2 </th>

<th> EMAIL-id </th> </tr>

<?while($array=mysql_fetch_row($result)):?>

<tr>

<td><?echo $array[0];?></td>

<td><?echo $array[1];?></td>

<td><?echo $array[2];?></td>

<td><?echo $array[3];?></td>

</tr>

<?endwhile;?>

<?mysql_free_result($result);?>

<?mysql_close($mysql);?>

</table>

</body>

</html>

 

Output:

 

 

 

In the near future, a pervasive computing environment can be expected based on the recent progresses and advances in computing and communication technologies. Next generation of mobile communication will include both popular infrastructured wireless networks and novel infrastructureless mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs). A MANET is a collection of wireless nodes that can dynamically form a network to exchange information without using any pre-existing fixed network infrastructure. Wireless ad-hoc networks are increasingly being used in the battlefield, emergency search, rescue missions. The special features of MANET bring great opportunities together with severe challenges. This report describes the concept, features, status and fundamental problems of ad hoc networking. Special attention is paid on network layer routing strategy and intrusion detection in MANETs.

1. Introduction

Our future living environments are likely to be based upon information resources provided by the connections of various communication networks for users. New small devices like Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), mobile phones, and laptops enhance the information processing and accessing capabilities with mobility.  To cater the needs of such devices, modern technologies should adopt new model of pervasive computing including new architectures, standards, devices, services, tools and protocols.

 Mobile computing is the one of the most important technology supporting pervasive computing. Advances in both hardware and software techniques have enabled the spread of mobile hosts and wireless networking to masses. Generally, there are two modes in which wireless mobile nodes can communicate:

1. Infrastructured: In this mode, all the communication among the mobile nodes goes through a base station. A Base station is also known as access point.  These base stations are connected to the fixed infrastructure or wired networks.

2. Infrastructureless: This mode of communication is known as a mobile ad hoc network (MANET). A MANET is collection of wireless nodes that can dynamically form a network to exchange information without using any pre-existing fixed network infrastructure. This is a very important part of communication technology that supports truly pervasive computing, because in many contexts information exchange between mobile units cannot rely on any fixed network infrastructure, but on rapid configuration of a wireless connections on-the-fly.  A typical example of this mode of communication is people sitting in the conference room and exchanging data among them without any fixed infrastructure.

2. Related Background

2.1 MANET Concept

A mobile ad hoc network is a collection of wireless nodes that can dynamically be set up anywhere and anytime without using any pre-existing network infrastructure. It is an autonomous system in which mobile hosts connected by wireless links are free to move randomly. In MANET, nodes act both as host and routers. The traffic types in ad hoc networks are quite different from those in an infrastructured wireless network, including:

1      Peer-to-Peer: Communication between two nodes, which are within one hop.

2      Remote-to-Remote: Communication between two nodes beyond a single hop but which maintain a stable route between them. This may be the result of several nodes staying within communication range of each other in a single area or possibly moving as a group. The traffic is similar to standard network traffic.

3      Dynamic Traffic: This occurs when nodes are dynamic and moving around. Routes must be reconstructed. This results in a poor connectivity and network activity in short bursts.

2.2 MANET Features

MANET has the following features:

1      Autonomous terminal:  In MANET, each mobile host is autonomous node, which may function as both a host and a router. In other words, besides the basic processing ability as a host, the mobile nodes can also perform switching functions as a router. So usually endpoints and switches are indistinguishable in MANET.

2      Distributed operation:  Since there is no background network for the central control of the network operations, the control and management of the network is distributed among the terminals. The nodes involved in a MANET should collaborate amongst themselves and each node acts as a relay as needed, to implement functions e.g. security and routing.

3      Multi-hop routing:  Basic types of ad hoc routing algorithms can be single-hop and multi-hop. Single-hop MANET is simpler than multihop in terms of structure and implementation, with the cost of lesser functionality and applicability. When delivering data packets from a source to its destination out of the direct wireless transmission range, the packets should be forwarded via one or more intermediate nodes.

4      Dynamic network topology:  Since the nodes are mobile, the network topology may change rapidly and unpredictably and the connectivity among the terminals may vary with time. MANET should adapt to the traffic and propagation conditions as well as the mobility patterns of the mobile network nodes. The mobile nodes in the network dynamically establish routing among themselves as they move about, forming their own network on the fly. Moreover, a user in the MANET may not only operate within the ad hoc network, but may require access to a public fixed network.

5      Fluctuating link capacity:  The nature of high bit-error rates of wireless connection might be more profound in a MANET. One end-to-end path can be shared by several sessions. The channel over which the terminals communicate is subject to noise, fading, and interference, and has less bandwidth than a wired network. In some scenarios, the path between any pair of users can traverse multiple wireless links and the link themselves can be heterogeneous. One effect of the relatively low to moderate capacities is that congestion is typically the norm rather than the exception i.e. aggregate application demand will likely approach or exceed network capacity frequently.

6      Energy-constrained operation:  Some or all of the nodes in a MANET may rely on batteries or other means for their energy. Such devices need optimized algorithms and mechanisms that implement the computing and communicating functions.

7      Limited physical security: MANETs are generally more prone to physical security threats than are fixed cable networks. The increased possibility of eavesdropping, spoofing and denial-of-service attacks should be carefully considered.

 

]]> http://www.krazytech.com/technical-papers/challenges-in-mobile-ad-hoc-networks-manets/feed 0 http://www.krazytech.com/technical-papers/challenges-in-mobile-ad-hoc-networks-manets http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/krazytech/~3/2nAcw1vdkyY/a-perl-program-to-display-a-digital-clock-which-displays-the-current-time-of-the-server http://www.krazytech.com/programs/a-perl-program-to-display-a-digital-clock-which-displays-the-current-time-of-the-server#comments Sat, 05 Nov 2011 09:40:02 +0000 admin http://www.krazytech.com/?p=1519 . . . → Read More: A perl program to display a digital clock which displays the current time of the server]]>

prog.cgi

 

#!/usr/bin/perl
print “content-type:text/html\n\n”;
use CGI”:standard”;
my($s,$m,$h)=localtime(time);
print “The current time is : “;
print “$h:$m:$s “; 

 

 

Output:

The current Time is

23 : 19: 30

]]> http://www.krazytech.com/programs/a-perl-program-to-display-a-digital-clock-which-displays-the-current-time-of-the-server/feed 0 http://www.krazytech.com/programs/a-perl-program-to-display-a-digital-clock-which-displays-the-current-time-of-the-server nonadultLatest Topics