Management for All

INDIVIDUAL VS GROUP DECISION MAKING

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Wed, 24 May 2017 18:08:00 +0530

You are perhaps aware that in recent times most of the decisions in any large organisation are usually taken by a group of people (e.g., Board of Directors, Committees, Task-force, etc.) rather than by a single individual manager, however, brilliant, bright or powerful the manager may be. Perhaps from your own experience, you are also aware of some of the obvious advantages and disadvantages of

TECHNIQUES OF DECISION MAKING

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Wed, 24 May 2017 17:49:00 +0530

In the models of decisionmaking, you must have observed that any systematic approach to decision making starts with a proper definition of the problem. You will often experience that a problem well defined is a problem half-solved because the proper definition helped you to search at relevant place for promising alternatives. You would also agree that a "fair" approach to decision-making

MODELS OF DECISION MAKING

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Thu, 27 Apr 2017 17:41:00 +0530

In previous article (Decision making process) you have learnt what the different phases of a decision making process are, what types of decisions you are likely to make in an organisation and under what states of nature these decisions are made. Now, we are going to examine three suggested models of the decision making process which will help you to understand how decisions are made and

DECISION MAKING PROCESS

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Thu, 27 Apr 2017 00:03:00 +0530

Making decisions has been identified as one of the primary responsibilities of any manager. Decisions may involve allocating resources, appointing people, investing capital or introducing new products. If resources like men, money, machines, materials, time and space were abundant, clearly any planning would be unnecessary. But, typically, resources are scarce and so there is a need for

MANAGEMENT OF ORGANISATION

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Thu, 23 Feb 2017 16:15:00 +0530

Why is an organization created? What is its purpose? How best can it achieve that purpose? What methods and means will it employ to achieve the purpose? Various terms and concepts of mission, objectives, strategy, policy, programmes and procedures which will help you understand the management of organizations. 1. MISSION The mission is the very

LEVELS OF MANAGERS

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Mon, 19 Dec 2016 19:47:00 +0530

A manager is responsible for combining and coordinating the people, the technology, the job task and other resources to effectively achieve the objectives of an organisation. You may be a manager in charge of constructing a plant or managing a bank or supervising a group of life insurance agents or training a football team. In most of the situations, you have others who are your subordinates

MANAGEMENT SKILLS

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Sun, 11 Dec 2016 18:07:00 +0530

An effective manager needs skills to plan, control, organise, lead, and finally to take decisions. In each case, a manager must exercise a unique set of skills. 1. PLANNING SKILLS As part of the management process you attempt to define the future state of your organisation. You are not trying to predict the future, but rather to uncover things in the present to ensure that the organisation

MANAGEMENT PROCESSES

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Tue, 6 Dec 2016 15:57:00 +0530

Four important management processes are planning, controlling, organizing and leading. Decision making is an integral part of management process as all the other four processes involve Decision making. A particular manager may be more concerned with say, controlling and organising, while another may be more concerned with planning. The degree of involvement with each of these

MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Mon, 5 Dec 2016 18:11:00 +0530

THE SYSTEMS CONCEPT Every practising manager knows from experience that whatever actions and decisions he takes, in any particular area of activity, have results which extend well beyond that specific activity. The impact of decisions in some cases affect the whole organization and even external environment. A simple decision to throw out an inefficient, lazy worker can trigger off union

RESPONSIBILITIES OF PROFESSIONAL MANAGER

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Sun, 4 Dec 2016 22:25:00 +0530

A firm is a social institution. Its very existence is dependent upon its harmonious relationships with various segments of the society. This harmonious relationship emanates from the firm's positive responsiveness to the various segments and its closely associated with the tasks a manager is expected to perform. The process of evolving this mutual relationship between firms and various

TASKS OF PROFESSIONAL MANAGER

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Sun, 4 Dec 2016 15:32:00 +0530

There is a lot of confusion over the much widely used terms-professional management and professional managers. Some researchers contend there is nothing like professional management. Management is a discipline. There are practitioners of this discipline who practise management as a profession and thus are, professional managers. Just as there are doctors and lawyers by profession similarly

TECHNOLOGY FORECASTING

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Sat, 12 Dec 2015 18:24:00 +0530

Technological forecast is a prediction of the future characteristics of useful machines, 'products, processes, procedures or techniques. There are two important points implied in this statement, viz.: a) A technological forecast deals with certain characteristics such as levels of technical performance (e.g., technical specifications including energy efficiency, emission levels, speed, power,

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY REVOLUTION

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Sun, 6 Dec 2015 07:18:00 +0530

Information Technology synthesises the convergence of previously distinct and separate technologies. As is clear from Figure-1 below, developments in computer technology, electronic components technology and the communications technology along with appropriate software have converged and are now known by the catchword Information Technology' (IT). Information Technology refers to `a very wide

TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE EFFECT ON PRODUCTION FUNCTION

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Sun, 6 Dec 2015 06:41:00 +0530

Technological change has been defined broadly as “the process by which economies change over time in respect of the products and services they produce and the processes used to produce them" and more specifically as alteration in physical processes, materials, machinery or equipment, which has impact on the way work is performed or on the efficiency or effectiveness of the enterprise.

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Thu, 3 Dec 2015 06:38:00 +0530

For all the countries, the most practical strategy for technology development-is to ‘make some and buy some'. This gives the advantage of selecting an appropriate area of specialisation and the potential to exploit the technology trade in the international market place. The complex process of technology development is schematically presented in Figure-1. The technological needs are

APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Tue, 1 Dec 2015 08:26:00 +0530

Technology is a product of an R&D centre outfit or establishment. However, different R&D centres produce different technologies for achieving the same or similar goals. This is because of differing environments and surroundings and other conditions, viz., population, resources, economic, technological, environmental, socio-cultural, and politico-legal systems. The objective functions

TECHNOLOGY POLICY AND PLANNING

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Tue, 1 Dec 2015 08:09:00 +0530

TECHNOLOGY POLICY AND POLICY INSTRUMENTS The need for technology policy springs from an explicit commitment to a national goal and the acceptance of technology as an important strategic variable in the development process. Technology policy formulation ought to naturally follow the establishment of a development vision or perspective plan. This plan is characterized, among others, by a

E-COMMERCE

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Sun, 27 Sep 2015 16:12:00 +0530

E-commerce is perhaps the most widely acclaimed buzzword, which gained popularity even aftermath of so-called dot com boom and diffusion. Every business aspect was being viewed with identifying business opportunities with the active support of IT tools especially Internet. Though various business models evolved and still the process of finding the most suitable model for different business

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DSS, MIS & EIS

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Fri, 25 Sep 2015 08:08:00 +0530

With the exposure to all the above information systems, let us find out the differences between DSS and MIS. Table-1 enlists some basic differences between Decision Support System, Management Information Systems and Executive Information System. As the name implies, the later two are the systems that provide information that may or may not be used for making a decision whereas the support

GROUP DSS

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Wed, 16 Sep 2015 20:25:00 +0530

Having basic understanding of decision-making process and DSS, let us find out what is Group Decision Support Systems (GDSS). GDSS are interactive computer-based systems that facilitate decision-makers working together as a group to arrive at a solution for unstructured problem. The group of executives analyzes problem situations and performs group decision-making tasks. The GDSS provides

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM (DSS)

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Wed, 16 Sep 2015 00:24:00 +0530

Concept of DSS : A decision basically is a resources allocation process that is irreversible, except that a fresh decision may reverse it or overrule the earlier one. We can also define it as a reasoned choice among alternatives. The decision maker, having authority over the resources being allocated, makes a decision. He makes the decision in order to further some objective, which is what he

BUILDING DSS / ESS IN AN ORGANISATION

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Mon, 14 Sep 2015 07:25:00 +0530

To build a DSS or EIS in an organization, it is important to understand the organisational environment in which it has to be functional. The environment here can be explained as the available hardware, operating system on the computers, approach to link or network computers, users, their work and workload, the links between the departments and information or data flow, hierarchies among the

TECHNOLOGY LIFE CYCLE

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Sun, 2 Nov 2014 09:08:00 +0530

TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE Technological growth is the result of new inventions and innovations. Every invention is something new and in most cases it is a combination of already existing technological elements. An invention becomes innovation when applied for the first time. An innovation which has little disruptive impact on behaviour pattern is called a continuous innovation (e.g.

DATA MINING PROJECT

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Wed, 23 Jul 2014 11:07:00 +0530

Step 1: Define Business Objectives- This step is similar to any information system project. First of all, determine whether a data mining solution is really needed. State the objectives. Are we looking to improve our direct marketing campaigns? Do we want to detect fraud in credit card usage? Are we looking for associations between products that sell together? In this step, define expectations.

DATA MINING

sadhubani@gmail.com (Sadhuji) — Wed, 23 Jul 2014 10:41:00 +0530

According to Berry and Linoff, Data Mining is the exploration and analysis, by automatic or semiautomatic means, of large quantities of data in order to discover meaningful patterns and rules. This definition, justifiably, raises the question: how does data mining differ from OLAP? OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) is undoubtedly a semiautomatic means of analyzing data, but the main