What are Shingles?

Shingles, also known as Herpes Zoster, is a viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). This virus is the same one responsible for causing chickenpox. After recovering from chickenpox, the virus remains dormant in nerve tissues for years. However, it can reactivate later in life, resulting in the development of shingles. Shingles typically present as painful rashes or blisters that appear on one side of the body, following the path of a nerve.

How Do Shingles Spread?

Shingles are contagious, but it is important to understand how the virus spreads. The primary transmission mode is through direct contact with the fluid-filled blisters that form during the active phase of the infection. If a person with shingles comes into contact with someone who has never had chickenpox or been vaccinated against it, they can potentially transmit the varicella-zoster virus, leading to the development of chickenpox in the susceptible individual. It is crucial to note that shingles itself cannot spread from person to person. The transmission occurs only when there is direct contact with the fluid from the shingles blisters.

Who is at Risk?

While anyone who has had chickenpox is at risk of developing shingles, certain individuals are more susceptible. Shingles are more common in older adults, typically those aged 50 and above, due to age-related decline in immune function. People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or undergoing cancer treatment, are also at a higher risk. Pregnant women and newborns are particularly vulnerable, as exposure to the varicella-zoster virus during pregnancy can lead to severe complications for the fetus.

Prevention and Treatment:

Prevention and prompt treatment are key when it comes to managing shingles. Vaccination is the most effective preventive measure. The shingles vaccine is recommended for individuals aged 50 and older, even if they have had shingles before. The vaccine not only reduces the risk of developing shingles but also lessens the severity of the illness if it does occur.

If you suspect you have shingles, it is essential to seek medical attention promptly. Early treatment with antiviral medications can help shorten the duration of the illness and alleviate symptoms. Pain management techniques may also be recommended by healthcare professionals to provide relief. Additionally, practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands thoroughly and avoiding contact with the shingles blisters, can help minimize the risk of spreading the virus to others.

Long-term effects of Shingles infection:

Shingles, caused by the varicella-zoster virus, can leave a lasting impact even after the visible symptoms have subsided. One of the most common long-term effects is postherpetic neuralgia, a persistent and excruciating pain that can linger for months or years. Other potential complications include vision or hearing problems, scarring, and neurological disorders. These effects can significantly impact a person’s quality of life and daily functioning. To mitigate the risk, vaccination is key. By getting vaccinated against shingles, you can protect yourself and potentially avoid these long-term consequences. Consult your healthcare provider to learn more about shingles vaccination and safeguard your well-being.

Conclusion:

Shingles are contagious, but with knowledge and preventive measures, we can effectively manage the spread of the varicella-zoster virus. Vaccination, timely medical intervention, and practicing good hygiene are essential in preventing transmission and protecting ourselves and those around us. By understanding the facts about shingles, we can promote a healthier and more informed society.

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Understand the Basics:

Before diving into specific tips, it’s essential to understand the basics of belly fat. Belly fat can be categorized into two types: visceral fat and subcutaneous fat. Visceral fat surrounds our internal organs and poses a higher risk to our health. Subcutaneous fat is located just beneath the skin and contributes to our overall body shape.

As a beginner, it’s important to set realistic expectations and focus on overall health improvements rather than just targeting belly fat. Remember that spot reduction is not possible, and the journey to a healthier midsection involves a combination of diet, exercise, and lifestyle changes.

Adopt a Balanced Diet

A balanced diet is the cornerstone of any successful belly fat reduction plan. Focus on consuming nutrient-dense foods while avoiding excessive calorie intake. Include a variety of fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, and healthy fats in your meals.

Practice portion control and mindful eating. Listen to your body’s hunger and fullness cues, and avoid overeating. Choose whole, unprocessed foods over processed and sugary options. Opt for high-fiber foods to promote satiety and regulate digestion.

Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water throughout the day. Water helps flush out toxins, supports digestion, and keeps you feeling full.

Incorporate Regular Exercise

Physical activity plays a crucial role in reducing belly fat. Start by incorporating regular aerobic exercises into your routine. Brisk walking, jogging, cycling, swimming, or dancing are excellent options. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week.

In addition to aerobic exercises, include strength training workouts in your routine. Strength training helps build muscle, boost metabolism, and burn more calories even at rest. Engage in exercises that target the abdominal muscles, such as crunches, planks, and bicycle crunches.

Consider adding high-intensity interval training (HIIT) to your regimen. These workouts involve short bursts of intense exercise followed by brief recovery periods, making them highly effective for fat burning.

Make Lifestyle Modifications

In addition to diet and exercise, making certain lifestyle modifications can further support belly fat reduction. Limit your sedentary time and incorporate more movement throughout the day. Take frequent standing breaks, stretch, and find opportunities to be active, such as opting for stairs instead of elevators or going for short walks during breaks.

Ensure you prioritize quality sleep. Lack of sleep disrupts hormone regulation, increases cravings, and hampers weight management efforts. Aim for 7-9 hours of uninterrupted sleep each night.

Manage stress effectively as chronic stress contributes to belly fat accumulation. Practice stress management techniques like meditation, deep breathing exercises, or engaging in activities you enjoy.

Limit your alcohol consumption as it adds unnecessary calories and can contribute to abdominal fat. Instead, opt for healthier alternatives like herbal tea or infused water.

Make Lifestyle Modifications

In addition to diet and exercise, making certain lifestyle modifications can further support belly fat reduction. Limit your sedentary time and incorporate more movement throughout the day. Take frequent standing breaks, stretch, and find opportunities to be active, such as opting for stairs instead of elevators or going for short walks during breaks.

Ensure you prioritize quality sleep. Lack of sleep disrupts hormone regulation, increases cravings, and hampers weight management efforts. Aim for 7-9 hours of uninterrupted sleep each night.

Manage stress effectively as chronic stress contributes to belly fat accumulation. Practice stress management techniques like meditation, deep breathing exercises, or engaging in activities you enjoy.

Limit your alcohol consumption as it adds unnecessary calories and can contribute to abdominal fat. Instead, opt for healthier alternatives like herbal tea or infused water.

Stay Consistent and Celebrate Progress

Consistency is key when it comes to belly fat reduction. Stay committed to your healthy habits and maintain a positive mindset. Remember that results take time, and each person’s journey is unique.

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What is a Root Canal Treatment or RCT?

It is an endodontic procedure of going inside the pulp space by which the inflamed pulp is removed, the surfaces inside the tooth are then cleaned and disinfected, and a filling is placed with a sealant material, to relieve pain caused by an infected tooth or infected underlined tooth structure.

Why After Root Canal Crown is Necessary?

When we perform RCT in a tooth, the Pulp is removed, the Pulp contains Nerve & Blood vessels, and after that tooth becomes dead. Generally, pulp gives nutrition to the tooth, when we remove the pulp the nutrition of the tooth is stopped. So after RCT tooth becomes brittle & tooth can easily fracture. At this time Dental Crown add support to the tooth which helps to protect the tooth from getting damaged. That way After Root Canal Crown placement is very essential.

What is a Dental Crown or Dental Cap?

Dental crowns are tooth-shaped prosthetics designed to cover a damaged tooth in a fixed position, “crowns or caps” that can be placed over the tooth. A dental crown can strengthen the tooth, improving its overall appearance and alignment in the mouth. The dental crown is cemented into place on your tooth and it covers the visible portion of the tooth.

Several Factors are important to consider when choosing a dental crown, including:

• Cost
• Esthetic
• Strength
• Durability

After Root Canal Crown different types which all commonly used:

• Ceramic or Porcelain Crown: Zirconia or lithium disilicate- has good strength, It the more esthetic, You can get a Tooth color matching crown. Zirconia crown is the most costly among the other dental crown.
• Metals Crown: Gold- or silver-based alloys, titanium, or stainless steel- has good strength, You cannot get a Tooth color matching crown
• Metal-ceramic or PFM Crown: porcelain fused to a metal framework- has good strength, You can get a Tooth color-matching crown.
• Composite resin, similar to that used in dental fillings: has poor strength than other crowns. It’s the Cheapest among all dental crowns.

What all the procedures of Dental crown:

• Initial Exam
• Tooth Preparation
• Impressions and Crown Fabrication
• Crown Fixation or cementation
• Proper care

Root Canal Treatment & Crown preparation is it very Painful?

It is not very painful, but it is a little bit time consuming than other regular treatments. Commonly only first-day local anesthesia is used to anesthetize. Generally, the first day of RCT is a little bit painful. All procedure has become far less painful through the use of modern instruments & technology.

Proper Maintenance After Root Canal Treatment:

• After Completing the RCT procedure, the placement of the Dental Crown or Cap is essential, if you won’t use a Dental crown then the tooth can become fractured & can cause RCT failure. There are 3 types of Dental Crowns commonly used, it’s Metal Crown, Metal Ceramic Crown & all Ceramic Crowns.
• Maintain proper oral health & keep healthy gum. Gum disease can cause RCT failure. At least try to get scaling treatment once a time in every year, which keeps healthy gums.
• Don’t give excessive pressure to RCT treated tooth. Before and After Root canal treatment proper care is very important.

How long does a root canal last without a Crown?

At the time of RCT Pulp is removed; generally, the pulp gives nutrition to the tooth, but when we remove the pulp the nutrition of the tooth is stopped. So after RCT tooth becomes brittle & tooth can easily fracture. If we use a Dental Crown adds support to the tooth which helps to protect the tooth from getting damaged. So after RCT, if you won’t use a crown then excess pressure can damage the tooth which can lead to RCT failure.

Why wait two weeks after the root canal for Crown?

As a dentist Dr. Anuran usually waits for 10 days to two weeks to observe the RCT, to check if any infection is forming again.

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After Completing the RCT procedure, the placement of the Dental Crown or Cap is essential, if you won’t use a Dental crown then the tooth can become fractured, which can cause RCT failure.

What is a Root Canal Treatment or RCT?

It is an endodontic procedure of going inside the pulp space by which the inflamed pulp is removed, the surfaces inside the tooth are then cleaned and disinfected, and a filling is placed with a sealant material, to relieve pain caused by an infected tooth or infected underlined tooth structure.

Dr. Anuran said he usually took at least two sitting at a few day intervals, if the infection is more then he takes additional few days & few sittings to get recover. If all the procedures are done properly then the prognosis- Before and After Root canal treatment can be good.

Common Indication of Root Canal Treatment or RCT:

• Deep dental caries or loss of tooth structure due to tooth attrition, erosion when reached Pulp, causes Infected or inflamed Pulp
• Fracture of the tooth due to trauma
• Perio-endo lesson, it’s Infection to the inner part of the tooth, Gingiva, Connective tissue & supporting structure
• Intentional RCT, Commonly for Prosthetic to make Crown or Cap & bridge preparation.
• Tooth discoloration for tooth Veneering

Before Bad Case selection & Planning- After Root canal treatment poor recovery:

Bad Cases & bad treatment planning can cause after root canal treatment the poor recovery. List of cases he avoids:

• Grossly dental caries or loss of tooth structure tooth crown is missing
• The fracture of the tooth reached to root after checking & following the Ellis Classification
• Major Periodontal diseases, tooth mobility & bone loss
• Proper treatment planning, Calculating the physical stress-bearing area & capacity of load taking depends/ compearing upon other remaining teeth, etc.

Proper Maintenance After Root Canal Treatment:

• After Completing the RCT procedure, the placement of the Dental Crown or Cap is essential, if you won’t use a Dental crown then the tooth can become fractured & can cause RCT failure. There are 3 types of Dental Crowns commonly used, it’s Metal Crown, Metal Ceramic Crown & all Ceramic Crowns.
• Maintain proper oral health & keep healthy gum. Gum disease can cause RCT failure. At least try to get scaling treatment once a time in every year, which keeps healthy gums.
• Don’t give excessive pressure to RCT treated tooth. Before and After Root canal treatment proper care is very important.

Root Canal Treatment or RCT is it very Painful?

It is not very painful, but it is a little bit time consuming than other regular treatments. Commonly only first-day local anesthesia is used to anesthetize. Generally, the first day of RCT is a little bit painful.

Conclusion Before and After Root canal treatment:

• With the help of Root Canal Treatment or RCT, we can save the tooth, you can eat properly & it helps esthetic.
• After successful treatment of RCT, you should use a tooth crown.
• Dr. Anuran Ghosh Mondal said the Prognosis or Success rate of RCT, mainly depends upon 3 factors, Proper Case Selection & proper treatment planning. Dedication to the treatment procedure
• After completing the RCT regular maintenance- cleaning and scaling are also very important for RCT success.

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When Tooth Sensitivity (Dentin Hypersensitivity) Happens/ Tooth sensitive to Cold?

Tooth sensitivity usually causes When the second layer of tooth structure Dentin(See Pic.1) is exposed, then it causes tooth sensitivity. In Dentin one of the important structures is Dentinal Tubule. The dentinal Tubule(See Pic.2) is a tube or canal-like structure which presents the inner to outer side direction of the tooth, when it is exposed then impulses from outside, irritate the inner structure of the tooth pulp & cause tooth sensitivity. If it is not treated on time then later can cause dental pain & tooth loss.

Know How Sensitivity toothpaste Stops the Tooth Sensitivity:

Generally when Dentinal Tubule has exposed then tooth sensitivity is noticed, and the impulse from outside irritates the inner structure of the tooth pulp & causes tooth sensitivity. Commonly Potassium nitrate or strontium chloride is used to stop sensitivity.  It is used to block the Dentinal tubule (See Pic.2) & temporary relief from tooth sensitivity. To know in detail about different toothpaste & function-click here.

How Dentin or Dentinal Tubule is exposed:

• Tooth Cavity or dental caries
• Tooth gum disease-Gingivitis & Periodontitis- Root is Exposed
• Loss of tooth structure, which can be due to Tooth Attrition, Erosion, abrasions, trauma & Tooth Grinding. 
• Fractured teeth
• Compromised tooth restoration or broken restoration
• Due to some poorly restored metal filling.
• Exposed tooth root etc.

NOTE: Tooth gum disease is one of the common dental problems in our society. Tooth gum disease causes due to lack of oral hygiene maintenance. We eat, that food particles accumulate on & in between the tooth which causes irritation to the tooth gum & gum diseases. To clean these food particles daily proper tooth brushing & every 6-th months (at least yearly once) Scaling treatment is strongly recommended. Scaling treatment can help to clean the calculus & help to maintain proper oral hygiene, which can give healthy tooth gum, healthy tooth & good overall health- Click here to know about the importance of good oral health(good oral health may help you to good overall health.

Risk Factor of Tooth Sensitivity:

• Malocclusion of teeth- can cause traumatic tooth occlusion can cause Tooth Attrition
• Bruxism, tooth-grinding habit 
• Poor oral hygiene & maintenance
• Hard brush use or Hard pressure during brush, improper brushing technique. TO KNOW THE PROPER BRUSHING TECHNIQUE- CLICK HERE 
• Enamel hypoplasia
• Tobacco, Gutka, Betel nuts & alcohol- which may cause tooth Erosion & Abrasion
• Diabetics can cause gum problems, TO KNOW IN DETAILS ABOUT DIABETICS- CLICK HERE
• Old age
• Improper nutrition & Calcium deficiency
• Hereditary- it can effect & cause caries, tooth abnormally, gum problems etc.

Prevention of Tooth Sensitivity:

• Brush twice daily with a soft bristle. Don’t use a hard toothbrush. Don’t use Charcoal to clean the tooth, use proper toothpaste.
• Brush gently- Use a proper tooth-brushing technique & don’t give excess pressure while brushing your tooth.
• Rinse with water after every food & sometimes use a good Chlorhexidine mouthwash with water.
• If you are having Malocclusion then gets the treatment.
• For bruxism or tooth grinding habits- stop tooth grinding by psychological management & can use ‘Nightguard tooth appliance’ to stop tooth Attrition.
• Schedule regular dentist visits for plaque and tartar removal. Every 6-month visit the Dentist for scaling treatment, and for prevention of dental & general health problems.
• Floss once daily & massage the gum with your finger.
• Chewing habit of bit hard & fibrous food is a good habit; don’t take always soft or liquid food.
• Take a balanced diet & vegetables- Proper nutrition is important.
• Topical Fluoride can be used, ask your Dentist-use as your Dentist’s advice.
• Avoid Tobacco, Gutka, Betel nuts & Alcohol

Treatment of Tooth sensitive to cold:

Tooth Sensitivity toothpaste closes the opening of Dentinal tubules, so impulse or irritation can’t go inside & temporarily stop the tooth Sensitivity, but permanently it’s not cured. So, as a Dentist, I will suggest you do the proper treatment and solve the cause of sensitivity & which will give you a permanent solution. If you have caries, fracture, compromised filling, tooth attrition, or erosion then the treatment options can be new tooth filling Or Root canal treatment- treatment will be depending upon the tooth’s condition. For gum problems, periodontal treatment is indicated. If you are getting tooth sensitivity then immediately visit a Dentist.

Conclusion:

Tooth sensitivity to cold is a symptom of a disease. Don’t neglect this problem. Don’t take treatment on your own, take specialist advice. If you take the correct treatment at the correct time then easily you can protect your tooth, if you getting tooth sensitivity immediately take specialist advice. So to get permanent relief & do the proper treatment, know the cause of sensitivity, treat the disease & automatically you will get relief from symptoms of tooth sensitivity. 

Written By– Dr. Anuran Ghosh Mondal

Mob: +91 9432580313

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1. Aura lasts 15-20 minutes. It is the disturbance of vision with glittering Zig-zag lines, curved or straight fortification. There may be hemicrania & hemianopia blotting out part of the vision & sparkling or scintillations may occur. There may be dysphasia or dysgraphia, double vision, or vertigo lasting 2-3minutes.
2. Headache is contemporary with an aura. It is typically a frontal headache & spread opposite the side of the head. It is throbbing, flushing, photophobia, vomiting, or faint feelings. The pain lasts 4-48 hrs. or maybe attack prolong. There is anxiety or depression or recurring headache with vomiting, fever & stiffness of the neck.

The severity, duration & frequency of attacks vary in the individual but any movement pain is aggravated & repeated attack of headache. It is environmental & genetic factors combine to induce cerebral electrical & vascular changes. Reduce blood flow and focal cerebral activity.

Are Migraine Headaches Hereditary?

Yes, migraine headaches seem to run within families. Four out of 5 people with the condition have other family members who have them. If both parents have them, the risk jumps up to 75%.

What Can Trigger a Migraine Headache?

• Factors of attacks are sudden highlights, sun
• Mental Stress & strain- When you’re stressed & strain, the brain releases chemicals that can cause the blood vessel changes which may lead to a migraine.
• Menstruation & menopause- Hormonal changes can cause a migraine headache.
• Caffeine
• Changes in weather & climate: Storm fronts, changes in barometric pressure, strong winds, or changes in altitude can all trigger a migraine.
• Excess or poor sleep
• Alcohol- Drinking alcohol may Trigger
• Some foods- citrus fluids, cheese, chocolates & other foods.
• Salty food- some study says salty food may trigger.
• Vasodilators,
• Glaucoma
• Exercise
• Contra septic pills habits & old aged cervical spondylitis, tumours of occipital lobs, chronic nephritis etc.

Lifestyle alterations that might help reduce the frequency of migraines include:

• Get enough sleep
• Reduce mental stress
• Drinking plenty of water
• Avoid alcohol
• Avoiding certain foods
• Regular physical exercise

Know in details Migraine Homeopathy Medicines

There are multiple Homeopathy medicines for migraines & it works very effectively. Homeopathy medicines are symptomatic & very with patients- don’t take any medicine without a doctor’s check-up.

Know the list of Homeopathy medicines which used for migraines:

Anacardium, Argentum Nit., Belladonna, Coffea, Nat. Mur., Sepia, Pulsatilla, Lac. Dull., Lachesis, Gelsmium, Sanguinaria C., Spigelia, Meg. Phos., Cedron., Rhus. Tox., Guaiacum, Lacnanthes, Lac. Dflora, Ignatia, Cimicifuga, Nux. Vom., Canabis Indica etc.

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What is Cancer?

Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells anywhere in a body. These abnormal cells are termed cancer cells, malignant cells. Change happens in the genetic material (DNA), Cell mutations can result in cancer. The process of cancer cells leaving an area and growing in another body area, it is termed metastatic spread or metastasis.  Some substances that cause cancer are called carcinogens. Cancer staging is often determined by biopsy results and helps identify the cancer type and the extent of cancer spread.

Mouth cancer refers to cancer that develops in any of the parts that make up the mouth (oral cavity). Mouth cancer can occur on the:

• Oral Mucosa, cheek & Inner lining of the cheeks
• Lips
• Gums
• Tongue
• The roof of the mouth
• The floor of the mouth (under the tongue)
• Hard and soft Palate
• Pharynx (throat)
• Sinus

Precancerous lesion(Premalignancy or Precancer): it is a benign morphologically altered tissue that has a greater risk to transform malignancy- to understand everyone in a simple way you can say it is not cancer but this a tissue lesion, which has a very higher risk to become cancer. Examples: Leukoplakia, Erythroplakia etc.

Precancerous condition: It is a disease or patient habit that does not necessarily alter the clinical appearance of local tissue but is associated with a greater than normal risk of Precancerous lesion. Example: Oral submucous fibrosis(OSMF).

Mouth Cancer Symptoms & Signs:

In the early stages, there are often no Symptoms, but peoples who are taking tobacco and heavy drinkers are prone to have oral cancer, should have regular check-ups with the dentist and they may identify early signs of cancer. The mouth cancer symptoms & signs of oral cancer depend on the location & it can be varied.

• It generally thin, irregular, white patches or a mix of red and white patches in the mouth. The classic warning sign is a persistent rough patch with ulceration, and a raised border with minimal pain.
• Mouth ulcers or sores that do not heal
• Lump or thickening of the skin or lining of the mouth
• Jaw pain or stiffness, difficulty in swallowing or speaking.
• Hoarse voice or change in voice.
• Unexplained bleeding in the mouth, persistent ear ache & loose teeth.
• Numbness, loss of sensation, pain/tenderness in any area of the face, mouth, or neck etc.
• Weight loss may notice.

Risk factors of developing mouth cancer or oral cancer are:

• Tobacco: Users of snuff or chewing tobacco products are more likely to develop cancers. Tobacco item like khaini, Zarda, Gudakhu etc.
• Smoking: Tobacco smokers including cigarettes, cigars, pipes etc
• Excessive consumption of alcohol
• Betel nut
• Excessive sun or radiation exposure
• Chronic irritation or chronic trauma by any particles, material, tooth.
• Human papillomavirus (HPV)
• Family history of cancer
• Old age

How Mouth Cancer Diagnosed?

As part of your routine dental exam, your dentist will conduct an oral cancer check-up & screening. The dentist will do the biopsy to confirm. To better assess the size of the lesion CT scan, MRI may be needed, depending upon the condition other tests also may be needed.

Treatment:

It will be depending upon the condition & stage of cancer. Know about different treatments of mouth cancer:  

• Surgical removal
• Radiotherapy and chemotherapy
• Targeted drug therapy

Prevention of Mouth Cancer:

• Quitting or avoiding tobacco
• Consume alcohol in limit or not at all
• Avoid excessive sun exposure and using an umbrella or sunscreen on the lips.
• Get a regular check-up from your Dentist; maintain proper oral health & general health.
• Take a healthy diet, with plenty of fruit & vegetables- Click here to know in details
• Exercise regularly

Conclusion:

In the early stages, there are often no Symptoms, but peoples who are taking tobacco and heavy drinkers are prone to have oral cancer- so stop taking tobacco. Mouth cancer or oral cancer can be life-threatening only your Dentist can find the mouth cancer Symptoms & Signs, a regular dental check-up is very important.

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A meeting in regards to the proposal was conducted by Niti Aayog at the Prime minister’s office on April 9, to scaling up the medical education in India & to reduce the shortage of doctors. Another meeting to further discuss the feasibility of the same issue is scheduled to be conducted on Monday, April 22, 2019. The proposal is being examined has been considering such a bridge course since 2016 by the think tank and the Union Health Ministry. It is a proposal but yet finalized if it is passed then after the completion of the course, Dentists will be allowed to practice family medicine. Last year Niti Aayog proposed a similar bridge course for practitioners of alternative medicine & nurse. The proposal, however, was opposed.

The real facts, reports & stories:

India is short of nearly 500,000 doctors, based on the World Health Organization (WHO) norm of 1:1,000 population, according to an IndiaSpend analysis of government data. India has less than one doctor for every 1000 population which is less than the World Health Organisation (WHO) standard. The doctor-patient population ratio in India is 1:1,674, even worse than Vietnam, Algeria, and Pakistan – the shortage of doctors was one of the causes of health-management failures in India. A report by WHO in 2016 says to reach the Chinese level of density of doctors we would need an additional 700000 doctors. Many individuals claiming to be doctors in their occupation did not have the requisite professional qualifications. Almost one-third of those calling themselves doctors were educated only up to secondary school. The lack of medical qualifications was particularly high in rural areas.

The doctor-population ratio of some of the countries are: Australia – 3.374:1000, Brazil – 1.852:1000, China – 1.49:1000, France – 3.227:1000, Germany – 4.125:1000, Russia – 3.306:1000, USA – 2.554:1000, Pakistan – 0.806:1000, India- 0.62:1000,  Afghanistan – 0.304:1000, Bangladesh – 0.389:1000

Why BDS to MBBS Bridge Course is proposed?

• The dental courses in the country follow near to the same training and curriculum as the MBBS courses for the first three years.
• BDS doctors have a good knowledge of pharmacology allopath medicines, pathogens & diseases.
• If BDS to MBBS Bridge Course is proposed, through that after completing the bridge Course BDS doctors will read the same MBBS subjects & syllabus, and with that they will be trained like MBBS.
• After completion of the course, Dentists will be allowed to practice family medicine & the shortage of family medicine doctors will be resolved; patients will get medical services easily from a medical practitioner & social health conditions will be improved.
• The report says many individuals claim as doctors who are practicing in our country in their occupation but they did not have the requisite professional qualifications & almost one-third of those calling themselves doctors were educated only up to secondary school.
  If BDS to MBBS Bridge Course will start then patients can get treatment from qualified doctors & it may help to improve social health.

If you support “BDS to MBBS Bridge Course” then unit CLICK HERE – Create an account & join in this Group

References:

1. Population in India
2. The density of physicians- the World Health Organization(WHO)
3. The health workforce in India – World Health Organization
4. Less than one doctor for 1000 population in India: Government to Lok Sabha

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For Cough, cold & Fever, Some Important Homeopathy Medicines:

1. Aconite Napellus 6 or 30 potencies: Any acute disease that comes suddenly and violently with restlessness repeated dose 2-3times in a small intervals.
2. Allium cepa 3 or 6 Potency: Profused watery & acrid nasal discharge & bland lachrymation.
3. Rhus Toxicodendron 30, 200, 1M potency: Very restless & Chilly patients. Tenderness of body, joints, ligaments, muscles, gout & rheumatic pain. Aggravate in damp, rainy weather & night. The patient gets relief from pain by changing his position or on the walk. Intermittent fever.
4. Bryonia 30, 200 potency: Dryness of mucous membrane that is mouth, tongue, throat, larynx, trachea, nose, lips, respiratory etc. White or yellowish coated dry tongue with too much thrust for large quantities of cold water at long intervals. Worse from the slightest motion & amelioration or better on rest. Stitching pain & hard dry large stole. Dry cough & cold from summer or exposure to cold wind. Better lying on the painful side or absolute rest.
5. Ammonium Carb 30 potency: Winter catarrh- blockage of nose mainly last night, difficulty breathing, feeling suffocating, breathing through the mouth, epistaxis after washing hands & face. Aggravate in cold or wet weather.
6. Belladonna 6, 30, 200 potency: Red face & eyes. Throbbing, redness of carotids, heat & burning, fever & colic pain comes suddenly & goes suddenly, headache, painful larynx (throat pain). High fever with delirium & no thrust. Boils or abscess readies, throbbing & sensitive on tough. Repeated dose in acute disease. In high fever, low potency is very useful with Ferrum phosphoricum 6x biochemical medicine with interval.
7. Dulcamara 30: Fever, cough & cold with fever exposure to cold wet rainy weather. Catarrhal condition of the nose, there is profuse watery discharge & loss rattling cough, coryza of newborn baby. the stool is a greenish, watery, undigested food substance with a mucous, rash that may be seen.
8. Arsenicum Album 30, 200 potencies: Burning pain, relief by heat & anxiety. All aggravate on the night & better on warm drinks. Too much restlessness, Bronchitis & asthma.
9. Arsenicum Iodatum 6,30 potency: Sneezing with watery, thin, irritating, excoriating discharge from nose & eyes.
10. Antimonium Crudum 30 or 6: In children who can’t bear touching & irritated, the tongue is thickly milky white coated.
11. Antimonium Tatraricum 6 or 30 potencies: Take Loud rattling sound & large collection of mucous but little expectoration with the cough. Thirstless but a thirst for little cold water or often. A desire for apples, fruits. Aversion to milk & tobacco. The patient feels better on expectoration, seating up, open cold air & aggravate on lying down at night & damp cold weather.

Stool, Diarrhoea, Flatulence & Acidity know Some useful Homeopathy Medicines:

1. Nux Vomica 30 0r 200 potencies: Acidity & nausea, vomiting generally in the morning, after eating sour taste. Can’t bear light, irritable, noises, odors, headache, belching, want to vomit, the patient feels chillness. Frequent ineffectual urging with pain & soft stool. Temporary relief pain after stool. Constant uneasiness in the rectum. Obstinate constipation & Diarrhea alternate in the patient. Heaviness in the upper abdomen.
2. Carbo Vegetabilis 30 potency: Weak digestion, excessive flatulence, constructive pain extending to the chest, with distention of the abdomen, relief from belching & passing flatus, frequent, involuntary cadaverous smelling stool with the burning rectum, a patient wants to keep the clothes loss around the abdomen.
3. Merc. Sol 30 or 6 potencies: Whitish mucous, bloody, very offensive stool. Cutting, colic & tenesmus, not relief after stool. Worse at night in a warm room & bed.
4. China or Cinchona Officinalis 30 or 200 potencies: Diarrhoea acute or chronic, mainly at the night, undigested, painless, flatulence, debilitating sweat. Gallstone colic. Painful on slight touch but relieved by hard pressure on the abdomen. Always keep Useful Homeopathy Medicines with you.
5. Podophyllum 6 0r 30 potency: Diarrhoea during tooth eruption, morning, hot summer weather -painless, profuse, fetid, gushing, greenish & watery stool. Prolapse of the rectum.
6. Chamomilla 12 or 30: Mainly in children Irritable, angry, sensitive & thirsty. when child crying or irritable- the child quiet only when taken on the lap. the stool is hot, offensive, greenish, during dentition & intolerable colic pain.
7. Hydrastis Can. Q, 6 or 30: Constipation during pain in the rectum, thick yellowish, ropy expectoration, tongue imprint of teeth, bitter taste.
8. Croton Tiglium 6 or 30 potencies: Yellow, watery, profuse, urging, forcible shot out Diarrhea. Sudden gushing evacuation.
9. Aloe Socotrina 30 or 200 potency: Mainly in Diarrhea patient has to hurry to the closet, early in the morning or immediately after food.
10. Alumina 30 potency: Mainly for Constipation of nursing children & old people, difficult to evacuate. Dry, hard, knotty, mucous stool.

Useful Homeopathy Medicines for cuts-burns-trauma & wounds:

1. Arnica Montana: Any sprain, bruised, sore, or any injuries from trauma any feeling all body as if beaten. Any injuries prevent the suppurative & septic condition and promote absorption. Pain in heart. When lying on the bed seems too hard – effective medicine is Arnica Montana Potency 30,200 & 1M and uses mother tincture (Q) for external use where there are no cuts or wounds. In chronic symptoms given higher potency is a much excellent result. For angina pain, Arnica Montana Potency 30 is seen a very good result, in preventing heart attacks.
2. Give Calendula Officinalis-Q/potency/ointment: Homeopathic great antiseptic & promotes healing medicine. where clean, surgical cuts or lacerated or suppurative wounds, bed sore, burns, abscess or Carbuncle. Generally rapid healing in nature. external & internal use gives excellent results of mother tincture (Q). Worse from damp, cloudy weather.
3. Rhus Toxicodendron potency 30, 200 & higher: Septicaemia, painful swelling of joints, tendons, ligaments & muscles. Aggravated from cold, wet, or rainy weather, better from walking and motion.
4. Ledum Palustre Potency 30: Any punctured wounds from sharp, pointed instruments, nails, owls or rat bites, particularly if the wounded parts are cold.
5. Ruta Gravaolens Potency 30,200 & mother tinctur Q: Injuries & bruised feeling whole body any pain in periosteum & bones.
6. Cantharides mother tinctur (Q) dilute with cold water: For any burns & scalds, insects bits, vesicular eruptions, burning & raw sensation use-Cantharides 30 & external use in burns.
7. Mercurius Sol: Any ulcer, vesicular & pustular eruption with yellowish & brownish crust & offensive discharge or abscess, when suppuration has set in with intense pain at night, not relief by either hit or cold- Give Mercurius Sol 30 potency. Mercurius Sol helps to dry any cuts, wounds & ulcer. This is the List of Important Homeopathy Medicine for cuts-burns-trauma & wounds.
8. Hypericum-Q, 30 or 200 potency: Any injury involving nerves by bites animals. Prevents lock-jaw of tetanus. Mechanical injuries of the spinal cord, coccyx injury, neurites, Puncture wounds, crawling in hands & feet.
9. Staphysagria Potency 30 or 200: Injuries from sharp cutting instruments and post-surgical operations.
10. Symphytum 30, 200 & higher, mother tincture Q: Pain in periosteum & any non-union of fracture.

Written By- Dr. Biplab Kr, Ghosh Mondal

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Know about some major forms of the pollution:

Air Pollution: It is the most prevalent and dangerous form of pollution especially because of urbanization, vehicles & industries. It causes due to the release of chemicals and particulates into the air. Common gaseous pollutants include carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide(SO2), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and nitrogen oxides produced by industry and motor vehicles.

Greenhouse gases & global warming: Greenhouse gases cause the greenhouse effect & global warming. Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere are called greenhouse gases; emission of these gases has increased temperatures in the nature. The primary greenhouse gases in Earth’s atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone. Sulfur dioxide(SO2) caused mainly due to chimneys, factory stacks, vehicles or something as common as ‘burning of wood’. SO2 and other greenhouse gases into air can cause acid rain.

Water pollution: Every living being directly or indirectly depends on water, so if polluted then it effects to the humans & animals. Water is polluted mainly by the discharge of wastewater from commercial and industrial waste.

Noise pollution: It is caused when a noise which is of higher intensity than 85 db reaches our bare ears. Exposure for more than 8 hours to constant noise beyond 85 db may be hazardous.

Land pollution: Land is becoming polluted by household garbage and by industrial waste, mainly by plastics and Soil contamination.

Radioactive pollution: It is one of the dangerous pollution has a permanent effect in the human & animals. Some studies says mobile towers has a will effect in the body, an unarrested upset in a nuclear plant, careless nuclear waste disposal, etc.

Statistics of Pollution & know about the conditions:

The report of World health Organization (WHO) estimated 7 million people die each year for air pollution & ambient air pollution alone caused some 4.2 million deaths in 2016, while household air pollution from cooking with polluting fuels and technologies caused an estimated 3.8 million deaths in the same period.

• The WHO’s database of more than 4,300 cities showed Indian cities such as New Delhi, Varanasi and Patna were among the most polluted.
• According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 13 of the world’s 20 cities with the highest annual levels of air the pollution are in India, documents say day by days this problem is getting worse. Kanpur, Faridabad, Gaya, Varanasi, Patna, Delhi, Lucknow is the most polluted cities; there are so many top 150 polluted cities & maximum cities are from India & China.
• Almost 80% of urban waste in India is dumped in the river Ganges.

Know about effects of the Pollution on human & nature:

• It can cause global warming, it directly & indirectly effects on human & animals.
• People who live in high-density air pollution area, have higher risk of lungs disease, bronchitis, COPD, asthma, lung cancer, stroke & heart disease than people living in less polluted areas.
• Billion people worldwide don’t have access to safe drinking water, which causes multiple diseases for water pollutions. So many sea, ocean, river & pond water mammals are killed by pollution every year.
• Millions birds & animals died because of air & radioactive pollution.
• Radioactive pollution can cause Cancer, birth defects & blindness
• Human Diseases Caused by Noise Pollution isHypertension, Hearing loss, Sleep disturbances, Cardiac & Psychological dysfunctions, Dementia etc.

How you can protect the Earth, Stop Pollution & Save Earth:

• Use Environmentally Safe Products, stop using plastic.
• Save tree to save life & protect the Environmental. Use water-based or solvent free paints whenever possible and buy products that say “low VOC”. Tree plantation can be a good initiative to protect nature.

• Don’t throw your Waste product & garbage outside, use municipality, corporation & government dustbin; follow the municipality & government rule for proper Waste management.
• Recycling to prevent pollution.
• So many people do not yet use a toilet. Instead, they go out in the open in open fields, railway tracks, drain, garbage dumps, parks and roadside ditches. This habit is incredibly dangerous, as exposure to human waste can causes multiple diseases that can be deadly, especially for children, use your own toilet or use public toilet.

• Don’t spit here & there, it can cause spreading of multiple diseases. Stop taking Tobacco products, it injurious to you & others.
• Don’t spit Gutka, Pan Masalas & Pan outside on road, bridge & any other public space, it can spreading of infections. Gutka contain some highly corrosive chemicals elements, those chemicals can slowly damage the bridges, roads, materials, any buildings & soil etc. Forensic sciences expert Biswanath Kahali confirmed that accumulation of gutkha-laced spit on steel would have the same effect that acid has- read the news.

• Conserve energy – remember to turn off lights, computers, and electric appliances when not in use.
• Use public transportation or walk, avoid own vehicles- car & bikes etc.
• Get regular maintenance on your vehicle.
• Consider purchasing a hybrid or electric car for your next vehicle.
• Come forward educate, protect & protest to stop pollutions.

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Why Vaccination is Importance?

• Vaccination is one of the best ways for parents to make sure their children are healthy and prevent particular diseases.
• Vaccination is very safe and effective
• Immunizations can save your child’s life; to protect your child Vaccination Schedule is very important. Vaccines may prevent diseases such as measles, mumps and whooping cough, Hepatitis & tetanus are still a threat.
• Immunizations can save your family time and cost-expense of disease, and it helps to stay healthy.
• Immunization can protect future generations. Vaccination helped to worldwide eradication & elimination of some diseases. Though vaccination has led to a dramatic decline in the number of several infectious diseases in different countries.
• If children are not vaccinated then they can spread a disease to other children who are too young to be vaccinated or to people with weakened immune systems or such as transplant patients and people with cancer.

Are vaccine side effects dangerous?

Any vaccine can cause side effects. Usually, these side effects are minor — low-grade fever, fussiness, and soreness at the injection site. Some vaccines cause a temporary headache, fatigue or loss of appetite. Rarely, a child might experience a severe allergic reaction or a neurological side effect, such as a seizure.

Immunization or Vaccination schedule for the child:

Know about different Vaccination schedules, met your doctor & get the proper dose with your doctor’s advice for proper guidance, and protect your child with the proper Vaccination Schedule.

Hepatitis B(HepB): Ideally the first dose is given within 24 hours of birth, the second at 1–2 months, the third at 4 months (if needed), and the last at 6–18 months. The child needs 3–4 doses of the hepatitis B vaccine.

Diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough(pertussis; DTaP & Tdap): Two kinds of vaccines used today help protect against whooping cough, both of which also protect against other diseases: 1) Diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP) vaccines & 2) Tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (Tdap) vaccines. DTaP & Tdapis a vaccine develops immunity to three deadly diseases caused by bacteria: diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough. The child is usually administered 5 doses of the DTaP vaccine. The first dose is given at 2 months, the second at 4 months, the third at 6 months, the fourth at 15–18 months, and the fifth at 4–6 years. Tdap is a booster immunization given at age 11 that offers continued protection from those diseases for adolescents and adults.

Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib): child needs 3–4 doses of Hib vaccine, depending on the brand of vaccine. The first dose is given at 2 months, the second at 4 months, the third at 6 months (if needed), and the last at 12–15 months.

Hepatitis A(HepA): the child needs 2 doses of the hepatitis A vaccine. The first dose is given at age 1 year and the second 6–12 months later.

Polio(IPV): The child needs 4 doses of polio vaccine (IPV). The first dose is given at 2 months, the second at 4 months, the third at 6–18 months, and the fourth at 4–6 years

Influenza(Flu): The flu vaccine is recommended for children 6 months and older. Some children younger than age 9 years need 2 doses. Ask your doctor if your child needs more than 1 dose.

Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR): The child needs 2 doses of MMR vaccine. The first dose is given at 12–15 months and the second at 4–6 years.

Pneumococcal (PCV): a child needs 4 doses of Pneumococcal (PCV). The first dose is given at 2 months, the second at 4 months, the third at 6 months, and the fourth at 12–15 months. Some children also need a dose of the Pneumovax vaccine (PPSV). Ask your doctor if your child needs this extra protection against pneumococcal disease.

Rotavirus (RV): There are two rotavirus vaccines that can protect children from this disease. The first dose is given at 2 months, the second at 4 months, and depending upon the brand sometime the third is needed at 6 months.

Chickenpox (Varicella): A child needs 2 doses of the chickenpox vaccine. The first dose is given at 12–15 months and the second at 4–6 years

There are the common vaccines usually all are prescribed but there are so many vaccinations available.

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Classification of Diabetes Mellitus:

1) Primary Diabetes

Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or “juvenile diabetes” – Type 1 diabetes

Non-Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)- Type 2 diabetes

2) Secondary Diabetes

• Pancreatitis
• Hormones & Endocrine abnormality – Cushing syndrome, acromegaly etc.
• Genetic Syndromes
• Drug induced

Type 1 Diabetes – It considers as an autoimmune disorder, here body does not produce enough insulin. Approximately 10% of all diabetes cases are type 1. The cause is unknown. Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed in children and young adults, although it can appear at any age.

Type 2 Diabetes – The body produce doesn’t enough insulin for proper function, a condition in which cells fail to respond to insulin properly. In worldwide approximately 90% of all cases of diabetes are of this type. It can occur any age but this type of diabetes occurs most often in middle-aged and older people.

Gestational diabetes– It is the third main form, and occurs when pregnant women without a history of diabetes develop high blood sugar levels. The maximum gestational diabetes can control their diabetes with exercise and diet.

Diabetes Symptoms:

Symptoms may develop rapidly (within a weeks or months) for type 1 Diabetes, on other side type 2 Diabetes usually develop much more slowly than type 1.

The classic symptoms of untreated diabetes are-

• Polyuria (increased urination)
• Polyphagia (increased hunger)
• Polydipsia (increased thirst)
• Weight loss

Other Symptoms can be feeling very tired, tooth gum disease, slower wounds healing, blurred vision, fatigue, tingling or numbness in the feet or toes , ulcer & skin itching etc.

Risk factors for Madhumeha or Diabetes:

• A family history of diabetes
• Obesity – Know how to stay fit & maintain body weight, Click Here
• Physical inactivity
• Increasing age
• Poor Oral health condition- know how oral health effect on diabetic, CLICK HERE
• High blood pressure
• Unhealthy diet
• Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)
• History of gestational diabetes
• Improper nutrition during pregnancy

Prevention of Madhumeha or Diabetes:

• Maintain proper Diet, Avoid unhealthy food
• Exercise & Physical activity
• Maintain proper Oral Health- To know how to main oral health, CLICK HERE
• Maintain your proper body weight
• Try to reduce your mental stress
• Maintain proper lifestyle

Diagnosis of Madhumeha or Diabetes:

Blood test– glucose Level, plasma glucose test, Oral glucose tolerance test, Glycosylated haemoglobin or haemoglobin A1c. Fasting plasma glucose test at least 126 mg/dl means diabetes, between 100 mg/dl and 125.99 mg/dl means prediabetes & less than 100 mg/dl means normal.

Management & Treatment Diabetes Mellitus:

If you are a diabetic take the doctor opinion, don’t neglect it, visit doctor & follow the advice. Treatment of type 1 diabetes involves multiple daily injections of insulin. Many different types of medicine are available to help lower blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes, commonly given orally. Sulfonylureas, Biguanides, Meglitinides, Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, Thiazolidinediones etc. are the available medicine, visit doctor & follow his/her advice.

Homoeopathy medicine for Madhumeha or Diabetes: Arg. Met., Acetic Acid., Belladonna, Helleborus, Lycopodium, Eup. Purp., Acid Phos., Equisetum, Krejote, Nat. Mur., Acid Nit., Lecithin, Sulphur, Eranium Nit., Pancreatinum, Chimaphimla Unb, Chionanthus, Syzyjeum Jam., Ignatia, Nat. Sulph, Uriea, Moschus, Tincture, lower & higher potency. The Bio-medicine is Nat. Sulph, Kali Phos., Kali Mur. 6X or 12X, Medicine will be according to the Sign & Symptoms.

Some Foods can help to Control Diabetes & other complications:

• Cinnamon
• Leafy green- Broccoli, Spinach, Kale & Beans etc.
• Apple
• Almonds, walnuts & nuts
• Olive oil
• Cranberries
• Quinoa
• Oatmeal
• Fatty Fish & Egg
• Aloe vera- It is on preliminary research stages, has shown a good effect that Aloe vera can help reduce cholesterol, it also helps in maintaining blood sugar.

Take the healthy proper diet, need to pay attention to some of your food choices-most notably the carbohydrates you eat, can take Fiber-rich foods. Maintain proper Lifestyle, exercise, maintain oral health & maintain proper body weight etc. To know about balance diet-Click here

Conclusion:

Diabetes is one of the major health problem affected in our community. It can cause cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, stroke, nerve damage, damage to the eyes and foot ulcers. So prevent it, Prevention is better than Cure.

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