Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase Is Activated by Double-Stranded DNA-Induced Oligomerization

Thu, 12 Dec 2013 00:00:00 GMT

Xin Li, Chang Shu, Guanghui Yi, Catherine T. Chaton, Catherine L. Shelton, Jiasheng Diao, Xiaobing Zuo, C. Cheng Kao, Andrew B. Herr, Pingwei Li. Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a cytosolic DNA sensor mediating innate antimicrobial immunity. It catalyzes the synthesis of a noncanonical cyclic dinucleotide, 2′,5′ cGAMP, that binds to STING....

The Capsids of HIV-1 and HIV-2 Determine Immune Detection of the Viral cDNA by the Innate Sensor cGAS in Dendritic Cells

Thu, 21 Nov 2013 00:00:00 GMT

Xavier Lahaye, Takeshi Satoh, Matteo Gentili, Silvia Cerboni, Cécile Conrad, Ilse Hurbain, Ahmed El Marjou, Christine Lacabaratz, Jean-Daniel Lelièvre, Nicolas Manel. HIV-2 is less pathogenic for humans than HIV-1 and might provide partial cross-protection from HIV-1-induced pathology. Although both viruses replicate in the T cells of infected patients, only HI....

Intracellular Complement Activation Sustains T Cell Homeostasis and Mediates Effector Differentiation

Thu, 05 Dec 2013 00:00:00 GMT

M. Kathryn Liszewski, Martin Kolev, Gaelle Le Friec, Marilyn Leung, Paula G. Bertram, Antonella F. Fara, Marta Subias, Matthew C. Pickering, Christian Drouet, Seppo Meri, T. Petteri Arstila, Pirkka T. Pekkarinen, Margaret Ma, Andrew Cope, Thomas Reinheckel, Santiago Rodriguez de Cordoba, Behdad Afzali, John P. Atkinson, Claudia Kemper. Complement is viewed as a critical serum-operative component of innate immunity, with processing of its key component, C3, into activation fragments C3a and C3b confined to the extracellular space....

The Interleukin-1 Family: Back to the Future

Thu, 12 Dec 2013 00:00:00 GMT

Cecilia Garlanda, Charles A. Dinarello, Alberto Mantovani. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a central mediator of innate immunity and inflammation. The IL-1 family includes seven ligands with agonist activity (IL-1α and IL-1β, IL-18, IL-33, IL-36α, IL-36β, IL-36γ)....

FoxP3 Acts as a Cotranscription Factor with STAT3 in Tumor-Induced Regulatory T Cells

Thu, 05 Dec 2013 00:00:00 GMT

Dewan Md Sakib Hossain, Abir K. Panda, Argha Manna, Suchismita Mohanty, Pushpak Bhattacharjee, Sankar Bhattacharyya, Taniya Saha, Sreeparna Chakraborty, Rajiv K. Kar, Tanya Das, Subhrangsu Chatterjee, Gaurisankar Sa. FoxP3, a lineage-specification factor, executes its multiple activities mostly through transcriptional regulation of target genes. We identified an interleukin-10 (IL-10)-producing FoxP3^{+

TIM-4 Glycoprotein-Mediated Degradation of Dying Tumor Cells by Autophagy Leads to Reduced Antigen Presentation and Increased Immune Tolerance
Thu, 05 Dec 2013 00:00:00 GMT
Muhammad Baghdadi, Akihiro Yoneda, Tsunaki Yamashina, Hiroko Nagao, Yoshihiro Komohara, Shigenori Nagai, Hisaya Akiba, Marc Foretz, Hironori Yoshiyama, Ichiro Kinoshita, Hirotoshi Dosaka-Akita, Motohiro Takeya, Benoit Viollet, Hideo Yagita, Masahisa Jinushi. Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by myeloid cells has been implicated in the maintenance of immune homeostasis. In this study, we found that T cell immunoglobulin- and mucin domain-containing molec....

T Cell Exit from Quiescence and Differentiation into Th2 Cells Depend on Raptor-mTORC1-Mediated Metabolic Reprogramming
Thu, 05 Dec 2013 00:00:00 GMT
Kai Yang, Sharad Shrestha, Hu Zeng, Peer W.F. Karmaus, Geoffrey Neale, Peter Vogel, David A. Guertin, Richard F. Lamb, Hongbo Chi. Naive T cells respond to antigen stimulation by exiting from quiescence and initiating clonal expansion and functional differentiation, but the control mechanism is elusive. Here we describe that ....

Leonard Herzenberg (1931–2013): The Life of FACS
Thu, 12 Dec 2013 00:00:00 GMT
Richard R. Hardy, Mario Roederer.

Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin-Mediated Extramedullary Hematopoiesis Promotes Allergic Inflammation
Thu, 12 Dec 2013 00:00:00 GMT
Mark C. Siracusa, Steven A. Saenz, Elia D. Tait Wojno, Brian S. Kim, Lisa C. Osborne, Carly G. Ziegler, Alain J. Benitez, Kathryn R. Ruymann, Donna L. Farber, Patrick M. Sleiman, Hakon Hakonarson, Antonella Cianferoni, Mei-Lun Wang, Jonathan M. Spergel, Michael R. Comeau, David Artis. Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) refers to the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) into effector cells that occurs in compartments outside of the bone marrow. Previous studies lin....

New Twist on an Ancient Innate Immune Pathway
Thu, 12 Dec 2013 00:00:00 GMT
Stephane Lajoie, Marsha Wills-Karp. Activation of the complement system has long been known to be regulated by a series of steps involving fluid-phase convertases. In this issue of Immunity, Liszewski et al. (2013) report the....

Salmonella Typhimurium Impedes Innate Immunity with a Mast-Cell-Suppressing Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, SptP
Thu, 12 Dec 2013 00:00:00 GMT
Hae Woong Choi, Rhea Brooking-Dixon, Subham Neupane, Chul-Jin Lee, Edward A. Miao, Herman F. Staats, Soman N. Abraham. The virulence of Salmonella is linked to its invasive capacity and suppression of adaptive immunity. This does not explain, however, the rapid dissemination of the pathogen after it breache....

Michael Neuberger (1953–2013)
Thu, 12 Dec 2013 00:00:00 GMT
Frederick Alt, Michael Reth.

The Inhibitory Receptor BTLA Controls γδ T Cell Homeostasis and Inflammatory Responses
Thu, 05 Dec 2013 00:00:00 GMT
Vasileios Bekiaris, John R. Šedý, Matthew G. Macauley, Antje Rhode-Kurnow, Carl F. Ware. γδ T cells rapidly secrete inflammatory cytokines at barrier sites that aid in protection from pathogens, but mechanisms limiting inflammatory damage remain unclear. We found that retinoid-related....

Crystal Structure of Vδ1 T Cell Receptor in Complex with CD1d-Sulfatide Shows MHC-like Recognition of a Self-Lipid by Human γδ T Cells
Thu, 14 Nov 2013 00:00:00 GMT
Adrienne M. Luoma, Caitlin D. Castro, Toufic Mayassi, Leslie A. Bembinster, Li Bai, Damien Picard, Brian Anderson, Louise Scharf, Jennifer E. Kung, Leah V. Sibener, Paul B. Savage, Bana Jabri, Albert Bendelac, Erin J. Adams. The nature of the antigens recognized by γδ T cells and their potential recognition of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-like molecules has remained unclear. Members of the CD1 family of lipi....

A Beneficial Role for Immunoglobulin E in Host Defense against Honeybee Venom
Thu, 24 Oct 2013 00:00:00 GMT
Thomas Marichal, Philipp Starkl, Laurent L. Reber, Janet Kalesnikoff, Hans C. Oettgen, Mindy Tsai, Martin Metz, Stephen J. Galli. Allergies are widely considered to be misdirected type 2 immune responses, in which immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies are produced against any of a broad range of seemingly harmless antigens. Howe....

Neonatal Fc Receptor Expression in Dendritic Cells Mediates Protective Immunity against Colorectal Cancer
Wed, 27 Nov 2013 00:00:00 GMT
Kristi Baker, Timo Rath, Magdalena B. Flak, Janelle C. Arthur, Zhangguo Chen, Jonathan N. Glickman, Inti Zlobec, Eva Karamitopoulou, Matthew D. Stachler, Robert D. Odze, Wayne I. Lencer, Christian Jobin, Richard S. Blumberg. Cancers arising in mucosal tissues account for a disproportionately large fraction of malignancies. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and the neonatal Fc receptor for IgG (FcRn) have an important function in....

S100A8-S100A9 Protein Complex Mediates Psoriasis by Regulating the Expression of Complement Factor C3
Thu, 12 Dec 2013 00:00:00 GMT
Helia B. Schonthaler, Juan Guinea-Viniegra, Stefanie K. Wculek, Isabel Ruppen, Pilar Ximénez-Embún, Ana Guío-Carrión, Raquel Navarro, Nancy Hogg, Keith Ashman, Erwin F. Wagner. Psoriasis is a common heterogeneous inflammatory skin disease with a complex pathophysiology and limited treatment options. Here we performed proteomic analyses of human psoriatic epidermis and fo....

A Long-Playing CD about the γδ TCR Repertoire
Thu, 12 Dec 2013 00:00:00 GMT
Adrian Hayday, Pierre Vantourout. In this issue of Immunity, a study by Luoma et al. (2013) provides structural evidence for direct interactions of human Vδ1⁺ T cell receptors with CD1d, capping a long trail of e....

The Ubiquitin Ligase Stub1 Negatively Modulates Regulatory T Cell Suppressive Activity by Promoting Degradation of the Transcription Factor Foxp3
Thu, 22 Aug 2013 00:00:00 GMT
Zuojia Chen, Joseph Barbi, Shurui Bu, Huang-Yu Yang, Zhiyuan Li, Yayi Gao, Dilini Jinasena, Juan Fu, Fang Lin, Chen Chen, Jing Zhang, Ning Yu, Xiangpei Li, Zhao Shan, Jia Nie, Zhimei Gao, Hong Tian, Yangyang Li, Zhengju Yao, Ying Zheng, Benjamin V. Park, Ziyi Pan, Jing Zhang, Eric Dang, Zhiguang Li, Honglin Wang, Weibo Luo, Liwu Li, Gregg L. Semenza, Song-Guo Zheng, Karin Loser, Andy Tsun, Mark I. Greene, Drew M. Pardoll, Fan Pan, Bin Li. Regulatory T (Treg) cells suppress inflammatory immune responses and autoimmunity caused by self-reactive T cells. The key Treg cell transcription factor Foxp3 is downregulated during inflammation....

Making Sense of HIV Innate Sensing
Thu, 12 Dec 2013 00:00:00 GMT
Andrea L. Cox, Robert F. Siliciano. Innate sensing of HIV is important in host control and pathogenesis. In this issue of Immunity, Lahaye et al. (2013) demonstrate that HIV capsid-cyclophilin A interactions affect viral cDNA....}

IMMUNITY

Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase Is Activated by Double-Stranded DNA-Induced Oligomerization

The Capsids of HIV-1 and HIV-2 Determine Immune Detection of the Viral cDNA by the Innate Sensor cGAS in Dendritic Cells

Intracellular Complement Activation Sustains T Cell Homeostasis and Mediates Effector Differentiation

The Interleukin-1 Family: Back to the Future

FoxP3 Acts as a Cotranscription Factor with STAT3 in Tumor-Induced Regulatory T Cells

TIM-4 Glycoprotein-Mediated Degradation of Dying Tumor Cells by Autophagy Leads to Reduced Antigen Presentation and Increased Immune Tolerance

T Cell Exit from Quiescence and Differentiation into Th2 Cells Depend on Raptor-mTORC1-Mediated Metabolic Reprogramming

Leonard Herzenberg (1931–2013): The Life of FACS

Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin-Mediated Extramedullary Hematopoiesis Promotes Allergic Inflammation

New Twist on an Ancient Innate Immune Pathway

Salmonella Typhimurium Impedes Innate Immunity with a Mast-Cell-Suppressing Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, SptP

Michael Neuberger (1953–2013)

The Inhibitory Receptor BTLA Controls γδ T Cell Homeostasis and Inflammatory Responses

Crystal Structure of Vδ1 T Cell Receptor in Complex with CD1d-Sulfatide Shows MHC-like Recognition of a Self-Lipid by Human γδ T Cells

A Beneficial Role for Immunoglobulin E in Host Defense against Honeybee Venom

Neonatal Fc Receptor Expression in Dendritic Cells Mediates Protective Immunity against Colorectal Cancer

S100A8-S100A9 Protein Complex Mediates Psoriasis by Regulating the Expression of Complement Factor C3

A Long-Playing CD about the γδ TCR Repertoire

The Ubiquitin Ligase Stub1 Negatively Modulates Regulatory T Cell Suppressive Activity by Promoting Degradation of the Transcription Factor Foxp3

Making Sense of HIV Innate Sensing