江湖程序员

random bits

2010-06-30T00:00:00+00:00

May 28, 2010

The great thing about mod_rewrite is it gives you all the configurability and flexibility of Sendmail. The downside to mod_rewrite is that it gives you all the configurability and flexibility of Sendmail. – Brian Behlendorf, Apache Group

Jun 1, 2010

$ sed -ie '1 i\
## -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
' `find -type f`

Jun 8, 2010

A method of en-/decrypting a string can be implemented using the UNIX tr command. For example:

echo "Or fher gb qevax lbhe Binygvar" | tr 'A-Za-z' 'N-ZA-Mn-za-m'
Be sure to drink your Ovaltine

Jun 10, 2010

$ seq 10000 | fmt -70

Jun 30, 2010

//tr/td[@class!="yfnc_d"]/..
//tr[td[@class!="yfnc_d"]]

//tr[td[not(@class="yfnc_d")]]
//tr/td[not(@class="yfnc_d")]/..

Jun 30, 2010

$ sed -n '1251 p' usacompany
HIFN

Jun 30, 2010

$ for line in `cat usacompany`; do echo [$line] >> yahoo.log; \
curl -sIL "http://finance.yahoo.com/q/cf?s=$line%20Cash%20Flow&annual" >> yahoo.log; done

random bits

2010-04-29T00:00:00+00:00

Mar 16, 2010

(?<user>[^@]+) @ (?<company>[^.]+) \. (?<top_level_domain>\w{2,4})

Mar 19, 2010

perl -pi -e 's/ipodder/juice/g' `git grep ipodder | gawk -F: '{print $1}' | sort | uniq`

Mar 19, 2010

perl -pi -e 's/,([^\)\]\},\s])/, \1/g' `find -name '*.py'`

Mar 19, 2010

for f in `find -name '*.py' | grep Juice`; do git mv $f `echo $f | tr [A-Z] [a-z]`.bak && git mv `echo $f | tr [A-Z] [a-z]`.bak `echo $f | tr [A-Z] [a-z]`; done

Apr 2, 2010

irb(main):027:0> h = Hash[*"41 => 1, 42 => 4".scan(/\d+/).collect{|i| i.to_i}]
=> {41=>1, 42=>4}

Apr 2, 2010

>>> l = range(1, 5)
>>> dict(zip(l[::2], l[1::2]))
{1: 2, 3: 4}
>>> dict(zip(*([iter(l)]*2)))
{1: 2, 3: 4}

Apr 8, 2010

$ sudo apt-get build-dep ruby1.8
$ wget -O- ftp://ftp.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/1.9/ruby-1.9.1-p376.tar.gz | tar zxv
$ cd ruby-1.9.1 && configure && make && sudo make install

Apr 15, 2010

with open("mydata.txt") as fp:
for line in iter(fp.readline, "STOP"):
    process_line(line)

Apr 15, 2010

>>> super
<type 'super'>

Apr 19, 2010

# ASCII space char
u"\u0020"
# HTML &nbsp;
u"\u00A0"
# Chinese space char
u"\u3000"

下载 Google 音乐用的脚本

2010-03-27T00:00:00+00:00

今年 1 月初的时候我担心 google.cn 跑了之后 Google 音乐夭折, 我曾经手动把我 Google 音乐播放列表里的好几 G 歌用鼠标点点点下载到本地硬盘, 不是毅力坚强, 实在是没找到什么好用的批下载工具.

今天偶然看到这篇用脚本下载谷歌高质量的音乐, 试用了一下里边介绍的批下载脚本 gmusic.py, 这个脚本对歌名中有单引号 ‘ 的歌曲处理不好, 比如我很喜欢的专辑《Absolute Garbage》中的歌曲I Think I’m Paranoid解析出来的歌名为 “m Paranoid”. 我也没折腾为什么会这样, 反正我对 HTMLParser 没好感, 我直接把脚本中解析 HTML 的部分用 lxml.html 的 HTML 解析器替换了, 虽然增加了对 lxml 的依赖, 不过 lxml 安装的确是非常方便, 详细步骤请移步lxml 官网. 修改之后代码简单了不少, 并且也更适合我个人的需要. 会以”歌手/专辑/歌曲名”的格式组织下载的歌曲, 然后不再依赖 wget, 直接用 Python 的 urllib2.

使用方法如下:

python gmusic.py [Google 音乐专辑的 URL]

举例如下:

python c:\projects\gist-346011\gmusic.py http://www.google.cn/music/album?id=B3b6be8937fe6391c

老 MP3 播放器无法播放含有某些 ID3 标签的 MP3 文件

2010-03-24T00:00:00+00:00

我最近爱上了听静雅思听的中文 Podcast, 但是由于我的 MP3 播放器是读书时候买的 256M 的小霸王炫风 638(当时的价钱现在可以买个 2G 的 iPod shuffle 了), 部分 iTunes 里正常播放的 Podcast 拷到我的 MP3 播放器里之后无法播放, 播放器直接关机, 没有任何提示信息.

我首先猜测可能是无法处理中文的文件名, 于是用一行 shell 把播放器里的所有文件名改成纯 ASCII:

for f in *.mp3; do mv $f `echo $f | md5sum | cut -c1-10`.mp3; done

这样没能解决问题, 于是我猜是我的播放器无法处理某些格式的 ID3 标签, 我 Google 来一小段 python 代码(依赖 Mutagen 库, 可 easy_install mutagen 或者 pip install mutagen 安装), 清除掉所有 ID3 标签, 然后我的老播放器就能正常播放了.

放最前面的 web server 们

2010-03-15T00:00:00+00:00

突然兴起想看看这些家伙都把什么 web server 放最前面.

先弄个网站列表回来:

curl http://hao123.com | grep -o 'href="\?http:\/\/[^ ">/\?]*' | sed 's/^href="\?//g' | sort | uniq > urls.txt

然后挨个看看 Server HTTP Header 是什么:

for url in `cat urls.txt`; do echo; echo $url; echo $url | sed 's/./=/g'; echo; curl -I $url | grep Server; done > results.txt

最后结果如下:

http://apps.hi.baidu.com
========================

Server: lighttpd.pxy

http://auto.sina.com.cn
=======================

Server: Apache/2.0.58 (Unix)

http://bai.sohu.com
===================

Server: nginx

http://baike.baidu.com
======================

Server: Apache

http://blog.163.com
===================

Server: nginx

http://blog.sina.com.cn
=======================

Server: nginx/0.7.62

http://blog.sohu.com
====================

Server: nginx

http://book.sina.com.cn
=======================

Server: Apache/2.0.58 (Unix)

http://central.dangdang.com
===========================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://cf.qq.com
================

Server: lighttpd/1.4.20

http://cn.reuters.com
=====================

Server: Apache

http://cn.wsj.com
=================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://cps.gamall.net
=====================

Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Set-Cookie: BIGipServerpool_cps=2623776960.20480.0000; path=/

http://dhsh.changyou.com
========================

Server: Apache

http://dict.baidu.com
=====================

Server: Apache

http://dnf.qq.com
=================

Server: lighttpd/1.4.20

http://dzh.mop.com
==================

Server: Resin/3.0.19

http://finance.baidu.com
========================

Server: nginx

http://finance.qq.com
=====================

Server: nginx/0.6.39

http://finance.sina.com.cn
==========================

Server: Apache/2.0.59 (Unix)

http://han.70yx.com
===================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://hi.baidu.com
===================

Server: apache 1.1.26.0

http://hotel.qunar.com
======================

Server: nginx/0.7.64

http://house.sina.com.cn
========================

Server: Apache/2.0.59 (Unix)

http://huangguan.yijia.com
==========================

Server: nginx/0.8.32

http://image.baidu.com
======================

Server: Apache

http://jipiao.kuxun.cn
======================

Server: lighttpd

http://list.mp3.baidu.com
=========================

Server: apache 1.6.14.0

http://list.video.baidu.com
===========================

Server: apache 1.0.5.0

http://mail.139.com
===================


http://mail.163.com
===================

Server: Apache

http://mail.cn.yahoo.com
========================


http://mail.qq.com
==================


http://mail.sina.com.cn
=======================

Server: Apache/2.2.9 (FreeBSD) mod_ssl/2.2.9 OpenSSL/0.9.7e-p1 PHP/5.2.6 with Suhosin-Patch

http://map.baidu.com
====================

Server: lighttpd

http://messenger.live.cn
========================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://mil.news.sina.com.cn
===========================

Server: Apache/2.0.58 (Unix)

http://military.china.com
=========================

Server: nginx/0.7.62

http://mir2.sdo.com
===================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://mobile.pconline.com.cn
=============================

Server: nginx

http://mobile.pcpop.com
=======================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://mobile.zol.com.cn
========================

Server: Apache

http://mp3.baidu.com
====================

Server: apache 1.6.14.0

http://my.91.com
================

Server: Apache/2.2.6 (Unix)

http://my.pcbaby.com.cn
=======================

Server: nginx/0.6.35

http://nba.tom.com
==================

Server: nginx/0.6.32

http://news.baidu.com
=====================


http://news.ifeng.com
=====================

Server: Apache/2.2.3 (Unix)

http://news.qq.com
==================

Server: nginx/0.6.39

http://news.sina.com.cn
=======================

Server: Apache/2.0.58 (Unix)

http://news.sohu.com
====================

Server: Apache/1.3.37 (Unix) mod_gzip/1.3.26.1a

http://open.baidu.com
=====================

Server: Apache

http://passport.webgame.com.cn
==============================

Server: Resin/3.1.9

http://pinyin.sogou.com
=======================

Server: nginx/0.7.62

http://popkart.tiancity.com
===========================

Server: TXN Cache

http://qq.ip138.com
===================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://qzone.qq.com
===================

Server: Apache

http://r.dangdang.com
=====================

Server: nginx/0.7.61

http://scan.duba.net
====================

Server: nginx/0.7.19

http://site.baidu.com
=====================

Server: Apache

http://sports.163.com
=====================

Server: nginx

http://sports.sina.com.cn
=========================

Server: Apache/2.0.59 (Unix)

http://sports.sohu.com
======================

Server: Apache/1.3.39 (Unix) mod_gzip/1.3.26.1a

http://t.sina.com.cn
====================

Server: Apache

http://tech.sina.com.cn
=======================

Server: Apache/2.0.59 (Unix)

http://tg.webgame.com.cn
========================

Server: nginx/0.7.59

http://tieba.baidu.com
======================

Server: apache 2.7.18.0

http://tl.changyou.com
======================

Server: Apache

http://ttplayer.qianqian.com
============================

Server: nginx

http://tv.sohu.com
==================

Server: Apache/1.3.37 (Unix) mod_gzip/1.3.26.1a

http://union.360buy.com
=======================


http://utility.hao123.com
=========================

Server: Apache

http://video.baidu.com
======================

Server: apache 1.0.5.0

http://video.sina.com.cn
========================

Server: Apache/2.0.54 (Unix)

http://war.news.163.com
=======================

Server: nginx

http://web.qq.com
=================


http://www.126.com
==================

Server: Apache

http://www.163.com
==================

Server: nginx

http://www.17173.com
====================

Server: Apache

http://www.1ting.com
====================

Server: nProxy

http://www.2144.cn
==================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.265g.com
===================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.27.cn
================

Server: nginx/0.6.29
Via: 1.0 ls92:80 (Cdn Cache Server V2.0), 1.0 gm219:8080 (Cdn Cache Server V2.0)

http://www.3533.com
===================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.360.cn
=================

Server: Apache

http://www.360quan.com
======================

Server: Apache

http://www.4399.com
===================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.51.com
=================

Server: Apache

http://www.5173.com
===================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.51jiemeng.com
========================

Server: Apache

http://www.51job.com
====================

Server: Apache/2.2.8 (Unix) PHP/5.2.5

http://www.51mole.com
=====================

Server: WS CDN Server

http://www.51seer.com
=====================

Server: WS CDN Server

http://www.58.com
=================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.7fgame.com
=====================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.7k7k.com
===================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.7shop24.com
======================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.91wan.com
====================

Server: lighttpd/1.4.25

http://www.abchina.com
======================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5
Set-Cookie: BIGipServerpool_pt_web=604587195.20480.0000; path=/

http://www.aiting.com
=====================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.amazon.cn
====================

Server: Server

http://www.anjuke.com
=====================

Server: nginx

http://www.aobi.com
===================

Server: nginx/0.7.62

http://www.autohome.com.cn
==========================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.baidu.com
====================

Server: BWS/1.0

http://www.baihe.com
====================

Server: Apache/2.0.59 (Unix)

http://www.baixing.com
======================

Server: Apache

http://www.bankcomm.com
=======================

Server: IBM_HTTP_SERVER
Set-Cookie: BIGipServerbankcomm_WA_WEB_POOL=3540756672.20480.0000; expires=Wed, 17-Mar-2010 09:21:48 GMT; path=/

http://www.baofeng.com
======================

Server: Apache/2.2.0 (Unix) PHP/5.2.2

http://www.bitauto.com
======================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.boc.cn
=================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.0

http://www.ccb.com
==================

Server: Apache

http://www.cctv.com
===================

Server: CCTV.com_webserver/1.0

http://www.che168.com
=====================

Server: nginx

http://www.cheshi.com
=====================

Server: nginx

http://www.china.com.cn
=======================

Server: Sun-ONE-Web-Server/6.1

http://www.chinahr.com
======================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.chinamobile.com
==========================

Server: Apache

http://www.cjol.com
===================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.cmbchina.com
=======================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.ctrip.com
====================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.dajie.com
====================

Server: nginx/0.7.63

http://www.daodao.com
=====================

Server: Apache

http://www.eastmoney.com
========================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.elong.com
====================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.fetion.com.cn
========================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.ganji.com
====================

Server: nginx/0.7.62

http://www.google.cn
====================

Server: gws

http://www.gougou.com
=====================

Server: Apache/2.2.8 (Unix) mod_fastcgi/2.4.6

http://www.gov.cn
=================

Server: Apache

http://www.hao123.com
=====================

Server: lighttpd

http://www.hd315.gov.cn
=======================

Server: Apache

http://www.hongxiu.com
======================


http://www.hoopchina.com
========================

Server: [SA: xifan hcw/12-10-49 ]

http://www.hotmail.com
======================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.hunantv.com
======================

Server: nginx/0.6.35
Via: 1.1 ls92:80 (Cdn Cache Server V2.0), 1.1 gm219:8080 (Cdn Cache Server V2.0)

http://www.icbc.com.cn
======================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.ifeng.com
====================

Server: Apache/2.2.3 (Unix)

http://www.ip138.com
====================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.ipart.cn
===================

Server: nginx/0.6.32

http://www.it168.com
====================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.jiayuan.com
======================

Server: nginx

http://www.jrj.com.cn
=====================


http://www.kaixin001.com
========================

Server: Apache

http://www.ku6.com
==================

Server: Apache
Via: 1.0 gm201:80 (Cdn Cache Server V2.0)

http://www.kugou.com
====================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.kuwo.cn
==================

Server: nginx/0.6.34

http://www.lady8844.com
=======================

Server: Apache/2.0.59 (Unix) DAV/2

http://www.lafaso.com
=====================

Server: nginx/0.7.61

http://www.letao.com
====================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.linkwan.com
======================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.m18.com
==================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.m1905.com
====================

Server: nginx/0.7.61

http://www.marry5.com
=====================

Server: Apache
X-Server: lighttpd.l7cc.1738/1.0.0-m5l7-new

http://www.miibeian.gov.cn
==========================


http://www.mod.gov.cn
=====================

Server: Apache

http://www.newegg.com.cn
========================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.no5.com.cn
=====================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.okaybuy.com.cn
=========================

Server: Apache

http://www.onlinedown.net
=========================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.onlylady.com
=======================

Server: nginx/0.6.34

http://www.oyesgo.com
=====================

Server: Apache/2.2.14 (Unix) mod_ssl/2.2.14 OpenSSL/0.9.8e-fips-rhel5 DAV/2 PHP/5.3.1

http://www.pcauto.com.cn
========================

Server: nginx

http://www.pclady.com.cn
========================

Server: nginx

http://www.pconline.com.cn
==========================

Server: nginx

http://www.pcpop.com
====================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.people.com.cn
========================

Server: nginx

http://www.pps.tv
=================

Server: PPStream

http://www.qidian.com
=====================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0
Via: 1.0 stcz155:8102 (Cdn Cache Server V2.0), 1.0 zjls203:8102 (Cdn Cache Server V2.0)

http://www.qq.com
=================

Server: nginx/0.6.39

http://www.qq163.com
====================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.qunar.com
====================

Server: nginx/0.7.64

http://www.qvod.com
===================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.rayli.com.cn
=======================

Server: Apache

http://www.readnovel.com
========================


http://www.redbaby.com.cn
=========================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.renren.com
=====================

Server: nginx/0.7.64

http://www.sclf.org
===================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.shopin.net
=====================

Server: nginx/0.7.61

http://www.shumenol.com
=======================

Server: Apache

http://www.sina.com.cn
======================

Server: Apache/2.0.54 (Unix)

http://www.skomart.com
======================

Server: nginx/51086858

http://www.skycn.com
====================

Server: Apache

http://www.sohu.com
===================

Server: Apache/1.3.37 (Unix) mod_gzip/1.3.26.1a

http://www.soufun.com
=====================

Server: nginx

http://www.stockstar.com
========================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.taikang.com
======================

Server: IBM_HTTP_Server

http://www.taobao.com
=====================

Server: Apache

http://www.tianya.cn
====================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.tiexue.net
=====================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0

http://www.titan24.com
======================

Server: nginx/0.5.38
Via: 1.0 gm221:20069 (Cdn Cache Server V2.0)

http://www.tktang.com
=====================

Server: Resin/3.0.21

http://www.tudou.com
====================

Server: Apache

http://www.uwan.com
===================

Server: nginx/0.6.34

http://www.warcraftchina.com
============================

Server: Apache

http://www.weather.com.cn
=========================

Server: Apache/2.2.6 (Unix) DAV/2 SVN/1.4.6 mod_jk/1.2.26
Set-Cookie: BIGipServerwww_pool=45679677.20480.0000; path=/

http://www.xcar.com.cn
======================

Server: Apache

http://www.xinhuanet.com
========================

Server: Apache

http://www.xs8.cn
=================


http://www.xunlei.com
=====================

Server: nginx/0.6.32

http://www.xxsy.net
===================

Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0
Via: 1.0 bjgm68:80 (Cdn Cache Server V2.0), 1.0 gm201:80 (Cdn Cache Server V2.0)

http://www.yihaodian.com
========================

Server: nginx/0.6.39

http://www.youku.com
====================

Server: Apache

http://www.zaobao.com
=====================

Server: Apache

http://www.zdface.com
=====================

Via: 1.0 bjgm68:80 (Cdn Cache Server V2.0), 1.0 gm222:8080 (Cdn Cache Server V2.0)

http://www.zhaopin.com
======================

Server: Apache/1.3.37 (Unix)

http://www.zhcw.com
===================

Server: Apache/2.0.63 (Unix) DAV/2

http://www.zhenai.com
=====================

Server: DnionOS/1.0

http://www.zol.com.cn
=====================

Server: Apache

http://x5.qq.com
================

Server: lighttpd/1.4.20

http://xianyu.game2.com.cn
==========================

Server: nginx/0.8.15

http://xiaoyou.qq.com
=====================

Server: Apache

http://xx.qq.com
================

Server: lighttpd/1.4.20

http://youa.baidu.com
=====================

Server: Apache

http://youxi.baidu.com
======================

Server: Apache

http://zhidao.baidu.com
=======================

Server: Apache

http://zhyx.changyou.com
========================

Server: Apache

http://zt.ztgame.com
====================

Server: DnionOS/1.0

大致统计一下:

总个数:

$ cat urls.txt | wc -l
218

Apache:

$ cat results.txt | grep -i apache | wc -l
80

Nginx:

$ cat results.txt | grep -i nginx | wc -l
50

IIS:

$ cat results.txt | grep -i iis | wc -l
49

Lighty:

$ cat results.txt | grep -i lighttpd | wc -l
10

Other:

$ cat results.txt | grep Server | grep -iv apache | grep -iv nginx | grep -iv iis | grep -iv lighttpd | wc -l
29

Blog 搬家到 Github Pages

2010-02-23T00:00:00+00:00

从 Github Pages 出生那天起我就觉得这家伙很酷, 今天终于从Scott Chacon’s blog那里 git clone 了一套模板过来, 开始正式用 Github Pages 写博客了.

我喜欢 Github Pages. 我觉得它最大的好处就是你只要祭起你最爱的编辑器(¡sɔɐɯǝ ¡sɔɐɯǝ ¡sɔɐɯǝ)就可以写博了, 从此忘掉浏览器的文本框吧. 当然, 你还得有 git, 不过这也绝对是优点, 我总觉得敲键盘的人应该都是版本控才对, 有 git 记录下每个更改不是很好吗?

Github Pages 的背后是Jekyll, Jekyll 生成纯静态的 HTML, 你基本可以部署到任何 Hosting 环境, 比如Heroku.

用 PXE 引导方式安装 Ubuntu 8.04 LTS 服务器流水账

2010-02-14T00:00:00+00:00

过春节了, 弄了个古董 PC 回家鼓捣鼓捣(我觉得吧什么 BT 机啊, 路由器啊, 还是 PC 最好玩). 那先得整个 Linux 系统装上啊, 但机器没有软驱, 没 CD-ROM, 弄个 DVD-RW 接上 BIOS 不认, 不支持 USB 引导, 硬盘上也没个可以引导的系统, 折腾了半天反正系统是没装上去, 正愁着呢, 后来发现主板支持 PXE 引导, 一试, 挺顺利, 现在把过程记录一下.

首先下载 Ubuntu 8.04 LTS server 版的 ISO 文件 ubuntu-8.04.4-server-i386.iso, 选择这个版本是因为它是目前最新的 LTS 版本, LTS 版本可以有比其他版本更久(长达5年)的官方更新维护支持.

然后因为我家里另外一台电脑是 Windows XP 系统的笔记本, 所以需要安装一个 Windows 下的 TFTP 服务器. 这个 tftpd32 真是简单又好用, 下载, 解压, 运行 tftpd32.exe 即可.

运行之后设置 tftpd32.exe 的 Current Directory 为 C:\TFTPD(可按自己喜好设置), 然后切换到 “DHCP server” 标签, 设置如下(可能需要根据你的实际情况作相应的更改):

IP pool starting address: 192.168.1.100
Size of pool: 10
Boot file: /pxelinux.0
WINS/DNS server: 8.8.8.8
Default router: 192.168.1.1
Mask: 255.255.255.0

其它的设置项不用修改, 然后按”save”按钮. 我还准备了截图一张.

如果你的路由器开了 DHCP, 那么需要关闭它, 我用的是 TP-Link 的 WR-150G+, 用 Web 界面关掉 DHCP 之后, 需要重启路由器才能生效, 本本上运行着 tftpd32 的 DHCP 服务器, 无线能正常连接, 刚开始提示连接受限制, 但是很快就可以从 tftpd32 的 DHCP 服务器上拿到分配到的 IP, 192.168.1.100.

准备做的差不多了, 剩下最后一步, 解压 ubuntu-8.04.4-server-i386.iso 里的 install\netboot\ubuntu-installer\i386\ 目录到 C:\TFTPD\ 文件夹下, 用你喜欢的编辑器打开 C:\TFTPD\pxelinux.cfg\default 文件, 删除所有的 “ubuntu-installer/i386/” (引号内内容), 保存退出.

把古董机开机, 按 F12 选择 Network boot, 很顺利地进入安装程序, 因为所有的东西都是从因特网上下载, 所以想顺利安装还得有因特网连接, 并且速度不要太慢, 否则有得等了. 建议就用英文安装, 并且引导的时候输入 “cli” 只安装基本命令行系统, 这样可以少下点东西. 我想安装的时候完全可以把 ubuntu-8.04.4-server-i386.iso 解压, 然后把解压之后的文件放到局域网内的某个 web 服务器的目录底下, 在安装的时候选择这个 web 服务器作为源来安装, 这样就不用因特网链接和漫长的等待了. 不过我没有试过, 毕竟我只是想装个系统用一用.

整个过程其实挺简单, 不过是我第一次弄, 所以可能有点想的复杂了. 半个春晚的功夫, 我的机器顺利装上了, 取名叫做 ma10t.

random bits

2010-02-12T00:00:00+00:00

Feb 4, 2010

Being youthful at the time I figured I could design and implement a language --Guido van Rossum

Feb 4, 2010

Converting an algorythm from recursion to different kind of stack is pretty easy and I suggest you try that. Here is how you can do it.

def recursive(params)
  if some_conditions(params)
 recursive(update_params(params))
  end
end

recursive(starting_params)

will transform into

stack = [starting_params]
while !stack.empty?
  current_params = stack.delete_at(0)
  if some_conditions(current_params)
stack << update_params(current_params)
  end
end

Feb 4, 2010

RT @jesusai 和一政法学弟聊天，我说“在司法不独立的社会你学法律有什么用？”，他说“以后你不也还就是个局域网从业者”

Feb 4, 2010

function f() return f() end f() --tail recursion
function c() c() end c() --stack overflow

Feb 4, 2010

# stack overflow in Ruby
irb(main):001:0> def s;s;end;s
SystemStackError: stack level too deep

Feb 4, 2010

Read this line, and do what it says twice. --recursion

Feb 4, 2010

template <int i>
class Overflow {
typedef typename Overflow<i + 1>::type type;
};

typedef Overflow<0>::type Kaboom;

Feb 4, 2010

Python:

so=lambda:so();so()

Alternatively:

def so():so()
so()

And if Python optimized tail calls...:

o=lambda:map(o,o());o()

Feb 4, 2010

bash in 10 chars (the space in the function is important):

i(){ i;};i

Feb 4, 2010

(defun x () (1+ (x))) (x)
(error "Lisp nesting exceeds `max-lisp-eval-depth'")
Debugger entered--Lisp error: (error "Lisp nesting exceeds `max-lisp-eval-depth'")

Feb 4, 2010

In Scheme, this will cause the interpreter to run out of memory:

(define (x)
  ((x)))

(x)

Feb 4, 2010

Haskell:

let x = x
print x

Feb 4, 2010

a{return a*a;};
Compile with:

gcc -D"a=main()" so.c
Expands to:

main() {
return main()*main();
}

Feb 4, 2010

(a=lambda{a.call}).call

Feb 4, 2010

(new function() { arguments.callee();});

Feb 4, 2010

Perl in 10 chars

sub x{&x}x
Eventually uses up all available memory.

Feb 4, 2010

MS-DOS batch:

copy CON so.bat
so.bat
^Z
so.bat

Feb 4, 2010

class Overflow
def initialize
    Overflow.new
end
end

Overflow.new

Feb 12, 2010

For example, to rename all the “v2_*.rb” files to “v3_*.rb” I would type:

for file in *; do mv "$file" "v3_${file#v2_}"; done

Web 架构和我的技术有用论观

2010-02-05T00:00:00+00:00

在一个封闭的小圈子里讨论 Web 架构的时候, 我”突发奇想”将一小段内容发到 twitter 上:

并且大部分的网站都不需要 Google 级别的负载, 所以对于大部分开发者, 创业者来说, “架构”都是最最不重要的事情, 做出好产品, 伺候好用户, 赚到钱才是真的.

然后 @xmpp 认为我这是”技术无用论”, 我也做了一些解释. 现稍作整理, 权充博文一篇.

可能我的表达的确存在一些让人误解的地方. 首先是有人问:

昨天上网不小心看到了一些关于网站架构的讨论: 有人说将WEB站点用独立的方式, 也就是静态页面放到一服务器, 动态页面放一服务器, 图片放另一服务器, 用它们组起来作为一个站点, 这样会加快浏览速度.

请问这样的原理是怎样的?

然后我半壶水响叮当:

一般静态页面和图片可以当做一种东西处理, 和动态页面比起来肯定少耗费 CPU, 动态页面的话肯定会比较费 CPU, memcache 专耗内存, DB 基本上整体负载都很高, 所以如果你有一堆机器要”架构”的话, 肯定需要在 CPU, 内存, IO 这三方面来均衡着排布. 比如 memcache 耗内存不耗 CPU, 那就可以把动态页面放 memcache 的机器上一起跑, DB 啥都耗就自己占整个机器跑, 静态文件这些就直接让反向代理的 web 服务器来跑.

以上讲的是物理机器上的分隔, 其实为了提高访问速度, 一般在 URL 上也要做文章. 因为浏览器 HTTP 协议同时只对一个域名的机器发起最多两个连接, 比如我打开一个动态页面, 这个动态页面里用到 20 个静态文件, 那如果这些文件都是用两个水管来放的话, 是不是没有我同时用 N*2 根水管来放快? 所以一般网站就算只有一台机器提供全部内容, 也会把静动态内容放到不同的二级域名下来提供, 比如说一般的内容用 website.com 来提供, 静态文件就就用 static.website.com 来提供, 这样浏览器就可以向 website.com 发起两个连接要东西, 同时也可以向 static.website.com 发起两个连接要静态文件.

没懂, 啥叫水管?

其实我说的时候我就感觉没说清楚, 我这里一个水管的意思就是一个 TCP 连接. 我 Google 到以下别人解释的更清楚的, 摘录一段:

在HTTP 1.1 Spec 中针对 Persistent Connections 提出了这样的 Practical considerations: Clients that use persistent connections SHOULD limit the number of simultaneous connections that they maintain to a given server. A single-user client SHOULD NOT maintain more than 2 connections with any server or proxy. A proxy SHOULD use up to 2*N connections to another server or proxy, where N is the number of simultaneously active users. These guidelines are intended to improve HTTP response times and avoid congestion.

以上内容表明, 为了提高 HTTP 响应时间以及避免产生网络堵塞, HTTP 连接中的客户端不应该与服务器端建立超过2个的 HTTP 连接. 如果有更多的请求需要, 那么这些请求将被 pipeline 到这两个 HTTP 连接之中, 并以异步的方式传送给服务器端. 举个例子: 有上百辆汽车(requests)想从天津开往北京, 但是天津与北京之间最多只允许修建两条公路(HTTP connection), 因此这些汽车要想从天津驶往北京的话, 就只能走这两条公路.

还有这篇, 内容都挺好, 我就不摘录了, 建议都看看.

忘了说一句, 我是山寨的, 只是看了一堆各个网站的架构, 并没有大型 Web 运营经验, 并且我估计很长时间内也不会有这样的事情做. 并且大部分的网站都不需要 Google 级别的负载, 所以对于大部分开发者, 创业者来说, “架构”都是最最不重要的事情, 做出好产品, 伺候好用户, 赚到钱才是真的.

以下是 twitter 上的讨论:

@xmpp

RT: @mrluanma: 大部分的网站都不需要 Google 级别的负载, 所以对于大部分开发者, 创业者来说, “架构”都是最最不重要的事情, 做出好产品,伺候好用户, 赚到钱才是真的 // 技术无用论. 看你站的角度, 如站在孔子学院网站角度, “做出好产品”也是很不重要的.

@mrluanma(我自己)

RT: @xmpp RT: @mrluanma: 大部分的网站都不需要 Google 级别的负载…//技术无用论. 看你站的角度, 如站在孔子学院网站角度, “做出好产品”也是很不重要的 //我绝对不认为技术无用, 我说的是大部分网站不需要担心架构问题, 至少在早期不用.

@xiaoxiaolu

非技术无用论, 是产品导向, 等有负载再解决是务实做法, 换个角度也可以说为啥你丫不进大公司? 我已见过不止一家公司做完技术就准备倒闭 RT @xmpp: RT: @mrluanma: 对于大部分开发者, 创业者, 架构是最最不重要的事情, 做出好产品,伺候好用户// 技术无用论.

@nepalon

市场导向的话对处于生存期的公司比较合适, 只要迎合市场, 功能不算太烂, 一般都可以有市场. 但要进一步发展就要提高技术了, 有了更好的技术, 才能提高性能, 提高用户体验, 提高自己的行业中的地位. 我们的做法是通过销售来发掘市场, 从而根据市场来开发产品, 做技术储备.

@mrluanma

RT @nepalon: 因为我本身就是做开发的, 我觉得把市场看的比架构重是我的一个突破, 当然, 要长远发展, 如果有技术负债, 也肯定是要还的. 这两天用到的产品体验中, 360buy, 邮政的EMS查询, 移动的号薄管家这些的技术负债我觉得都比较严重.

TL-WR340G+ 和 TL-WR841N 无线桥接的配置

2010-02-05T00:00:00+00:00

我住同一个小区的亲戚家安装了宽带, 我买了个 TL-WR841N(180RMB) 放他家, 想蹭宽带用用. 配置好了之后发现信号不够强, 只有靠窗户的位置才能有两格信号, 时不时的还掉个线啥的, 真是不舒服, 我就准备再买个无线路由器放我家窗口的位置, 做一个无线桥接, 这样就在我家任何一个角落都能舒服地蹭网了.

出于价格考虑, 这次买了便宜一点的 TL-WR340G+(120RMB), 折腾了一段时间, 最后把两个路由器的位置调换(也就是 TL-WR841N 放我家窗户的位置, 然后 TL-WR340G+ 放亲戚家), 终于设置成功, 现将设置过程大致记录一下.

先在亲戚家的 TL-WR340G+ 上设置好宽带上网, 启用无线, 设置好无线密码(请设置高安全等级加密方法, WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK 安全类型, AES加密算法, 有效防止蹭网, 访问本链接了解更多关于防止蹭网的详细内容. 然后修改”无线网络基本设置”–“信道”为2(信道要和桥接的另外一个路由器 TL-WR841N 一致), 然后我们的第一个路由器就设置完了.

然后设置 TL-WR841N, 首先关闭 DHCP 服务, 然后修改 LAN 口地址为 192.168.0.2, 然后就可以设置无线桥接了, 在 TL-WR841N 的 Web 管理界面”无线设置”–“基本设置”, 首先修改信道为 2 (与 TL-WR340G+ 设置的信道保持一致), 然后开启 WDS, 扫描到 TL-WR340G+ 的 SSID 及 MAC 地址, 选择 TL-WR340G+ 上设置的无线密码类型并输入无线密码, 保存并重启路由器即可.

Quidway AR28-11 路由器内网 PC 通过公网 IP 访问映射的内网 Server 案例

2010-02-05T00:00:00+00:00

问题描述

内网 PC 与内网所在的 Server 在同一个网段, 现在内网 Server 对公网用户提供 WWW 和 FTP 服务, 在公网上有相应的域名. 现在要求内网 PC 可以同时通过公网域名, 公网 IP 和私网 IP 来访问内网的这台 Server.

过程分析

内网主机通过公网域名来访问映射的 Server 在 AR 路由器上都是通过 NAT DNS-MAP 来实现的, 但不能同时通过公网 IP 和私网 IP 来访问 Server. 如果在设备内网口配置 NAT Server 则可以把访问公网地址转换成私网地址, 然后向 Server 发起连接, 但源地址还是内网主机的地址, 此时 Server 给 PC 回应报文时就不会走路由器, 直接发到了内网 PC 上, 内网 PC 认为不是自己要访问的地址, 会把这个报文丢弃, 因此会导致连接中断. 如果让 Server 把报文回给路由器, 路由器再根据 NAT SESSION 就可以正确转发给 PC 了.

解决方法

在内网接口配置一个NAT OUTBOUND 3000就可以了. 具体配置如下:

[H3C]dis cu
#
 sysname H3C
#
 clock timezone gmt+08:004 add 08:00:00
#
 cpu-usage cycle 1min
#
 connection-limit disable
 connection-limit default action deny
 connection-limit default amount upper-limit 50 lower-limit 20
#
 web set-package force flash:/http.zip
#
radius scheme system
#
domain system
#
local-user admin
 password cipher .]@USE=B,53Q=^Q`MAF4<1!!
 service-type telnet terminal
 level 3
 service-type ftp
#
acl number 2000
 rule 0 permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
 rule 1 deny
#
acl number 3000
 rule 0 permit ip source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 destination 192.168.1.2 0
#
interface Aux0
 async mode flow
#
interface Ethernet1/0
 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
 nat outbound 3000
 nat server protocol tcp global 200.0.0.2 ftp inside 192.168.1.2 ftp
#
interface Ethernet1/1
#
interface Ethernet1/2
#
interface Ethernet1/3
#
interface Ethernet1/4
#
interface Ethernet1/5
#
interface Ethernet1/6                     
#
interface Ethernet1/7
#
interface Ethernet1/8
#
interface Ethernet2/0
 ip address 200.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
 nat outbound 2000
 nat server protocol tcp global 200.0.0.2 ftp inside 192.168.1.2 ftp
#
interface Ethernet3/0
#
interface NULL0
#
 FTP server enable
#
 ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 200.0.0.1 preference 60
#
user-interface con 0
user-interface aux 0
user-interface vty 0 4
 authentication-mode scheme
#
return                                    
[H3C]

说明

本案例适用于 R 系列, AR 系列, MSR 系列路由器, secpath 防火墙.
R 系列路由器在使用此案例时内网口需要 undo ip fast-forwarding, 并且在使用 FTP 映射时, 客户端只能使用主动模式去访问.